JP2003126834A - Method and system for controlling shredder dust - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve the problem that is difficult to obtain information, which is necessary to recycle and safely dispose shredder dust. SOLUTION: The shredder dust control method comprises a step 307 wherein the shredder dust discharged from a recovery process that recycles an industrial manufactured product is homogenized and prepared as a test specimen having a fixed shape, a step 308 wherein the quantity of an environmental load material and/or a valuable material contained in the test specimen is measured and a step 309 that selects a treatment procedure of the above discharged matter corresponding to the measured quantity of the environmental load material and/or the valuable material by referring to a database filing the prescribed treatment procedure in relation to the type and/or quantity for the predetermined environment load material and/or valuable material.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a shredder dust management method and a shredder dust management system for managing environmentally hazardous substances and precious metals emitted from a recycling plant.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, the disposal of waste products such as abandoned automobiles, used home appliances and discarded home appliances has been collected and processed by local governments and waste disposal companies. Of these waste products, some of the metals such as iron and aluminum are recycled as recycled materials, but the current situation is that they are landfilled after being crushed, or landfilled as they are, or landfilled after incineration. .

FIG. 3 shows a flow chart of a conventional waste product processing method.

The conventional processing method is to collect waste products from households and companies (step 301), to crush the collected waste products (step 302), and to remove aluminum or the like from the crushed waste products. A step of separating the metal (step 303), a step of refining the separated metal, a step of preparing a waste product from which the metal has been separated and separated into shredder dust (step 304), and a step of incinerating or landfilling the shredder dust (Step 305).

In the above process, most components of shredder dust generated in the recycling process of crushing and sorting waste automobiles, home electric appliances, etc. are 34% resin by weight, fibers
Wood / paper 26%, glass / ceramic 15%, rubber 11
%, Metal 7% and other 7%. Among these, examples of the resin include plastics including many types such as PS, PP, ABS.

Further, since iron scraps and non-ferrous scraps centering on aluminum are separated and removed before being prepared by a shredder company in the separation step of step 303, the shredder dust contains resin as a main component and slightly. The content of the remaining metal (7%) is unclear.

[0007] Conventionally, in household appliances produced, in addition to PVC containing chlorine in plastic, halogen-based substances such as bromine-based flame retardants used in flame-retardant resins are used, and shredder dust However, most of them are now landfilled and incinerated.

However, the treatment of such shredder dust as a waste product has become a serious environmental problem.
In the case of landfill treatment, not only the problem of landfill shortage, but also the problem of soil and water pollution due to shredder dust, which is considered to contain harmful substances such as halogenated substances, is serious.

Further, in the case of incineration treatment, there is a loud call for problems such as air pollution due to harmful gases and global warming due to CO ₂ generation. Furthermore, in the incineration process, currently used home electric appliances collected from the market comply with the “Home Appliance Recycling Law” (common name) that has been implemented since April 2001, and are more crushed and separated by conventional car shredders. Since the separation accuracy has increased and the possibility of using the shredder dust as a blast furnace reducing agent or fuel has arisen, it is necessary to effectively use the shredder dust to cope with future increase in the recycling rate.

Particularly, a large amount of shredder dust generated from used household electric appliances collected from the market is mainly made of resin containing plastics, and is considered to be suitable for recycling by blast furnace reducing agent or combustion. However, in order to use shredder dust as a blast furnace reducing agent or fuel, it is necessary to avoid contamination of blast furnaces and combustion furnaces, and mixing of chlorine and bromine compounds that may generate dioxin.

[0011]

Under the circumstances described above, the environmentally hazardous substances contained in shredder dust that has been conventionally incinerated or landfilled are controlled only by the elution test at the time of landfilling. Almost unmanaged.

Further, the amount of shredder dust discharged from used household electric appliances collected from the market is large, and there are many types of shredder dust, and the fact is that the components are not managed. is there.

That is, it is required to recycle the shredder dust or to safely dispose of the shredder dust, but there is a problem that it is difficult to obtain necessary information for that purpose.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and measures the content of chlorine, bromine and other environmentally hazardous substances contained in shredder dust and valuable substances such as precious metals. The object of the present invention is to provide a waste treatment method and a waste treatment system that determine an appropriate treatment method based on the above.

[0015]

In order to achieve the above object, the first invention of the present invention (corresponding to claim 1) is a shredder dust discharged in a recovery step for recycling industrial products. Homogenizing and preparing as a sample having a certain shape, measuring the amount of environmentally hazardous substances and / or valuables contained in the sample, and presetting environmentally hazardous substances and / or valuables Referring to a database storing predetermined treatment procedures related to types and / or amounts, and selecting a treatment procedure for the discharge corresponding to the measured amount of environmentally hazardous substances and / or valuables. It is a shredder dust management method equipped.

The second invention of the present invention (corresponding to claim 2)
Is the energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence analysis, and is the shredder dust management method according to the first aspect of the present invention, in which a plurality of samples are simultaneously measured.

A third aspect of the present invention (corresponding to claim 3)
Is a shredder dust management method according to the first aspect of the present invention, which comprises at least a step of outputting the selected processing procedure as data.

The data of the present invention may also include a specially controlled industrial waste management table and / or a chemical substance safety data sheet.

A fourth aspect of the present invention (corresponding to claim 4)
Means that the environmentally hazardous substance is chlorine, bromine, fluorine, lead, antimony, cadmium, mercury, chromium, or arsenic, in whole or in part, and the valuable resource is gold, platinum, silver, or palladium in whole or in part. It is a shredder dust management method according to the first aspect of the present invention.

The fifth invention (corresponding to claim 5)
Is a shredder dust management method according to the first aspect of the present invention, which is defined based on a socially agreed rule.

A sixth aspect of the present invention (corresponding to claim 6)
Is the shredder dust management method according to the first aspect of the present invention, wherein the preset amount of valuables is determined based on the market price.

A seventh aspect of the present invention (corresponding to claim 7)
Is a sample preparation means for homogenizing shredder dust discharged in a recovery step for recycling industrial products and preparing it as a sample having a certain shape; and an environmentally hazardous substance and / or contained in the sample. By referring to a measuring means for measuring the amount of valuables and a database storing a predetermined treatment procedure, a procedure for treating the discharged substances corresponding to the measured amount of environmentally hazardous substances and / or valuables is selected. The shredder dust management system is provided with a processing procedure selecting means.

The eighth invention (corresponding to claim 8)
Is a shredder dust management system according to the seventh aspect of the present invention, wherein the measuring means simultaneously measures a plurality of the samples by energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence analysis.

The ninth invention (corresponding to claim 9)
Is a shredder dust management system according to the seventh aspect of the present invention, further comprising a data output means for outputting at least the selected processing procedure as data.

The data of the present invention may also include a specially controlled industrial waste management table and / or a chemical substance safety data sheet.

In the tenth aspect of the present invention (corresponding to claim 10), the environmentally hazardous substance is chlorine, bromine, fluorine,
The shredder dust control system according to the seventh aspect of the present invention, which is all or part of lead, antimony, cadmium, mercury, chromium, arsenic, and the valuable resource is all or part of gold, platinum, silver, and palladium. .

In the eleventh aspect of the present invention (corresponding to claim 11), the preset amount of the environmentally hazardous substance is
It is the shredder dust management system of the 7th this invention defined based on the rule socially agreed.

The twelfth aspect of the present invention (corresponding to claim 12) is the shredder dust management system according to the seventh aspect of the present invention, in which the preset amount of valuables is determined based on the market price. .

The thirteenth invention (corresponding to claim 13) of the shredder dust management method of the first invention is
A database storing a process of measuring the amount of environmentally hazardous substances and / or valuables contained in the sample, and a predetermined processing procedure related to a preset type and / or amount of environmentally hazardous substances and / or valuables Is a program for causing a computer to function as all or a part of the step of selecting the treatment procedure of the discharge corresponding to the measured amount of environmentally hazardous substances and / or valuables.

The 14th aspect of the present invention (corresponding to claim 14) is the shredder dust control method according to the 1st aspect of the present invention.
A database storing a process of measuring the amount of environmentally hazardous substances and / or valuables contained in the sample, and a predetermined processing procedure related to a preset type and / or amount of environmentally hazardous substances and / or valuables With reference to, a medium carrying a program for causing a computer to function as all or part of the step of selecting a treatment procedure of the discharge corresponding to the measured amount of environmentally hazardous substances and / or valuables A medium characterized by being processable by a computer.

According to the present invention as described above, of waste materials, chlorine, bromine element, which damages the reduction furnace and the combustion furnace when used as a blast furnace reducing agent and a fuel, are managed during landfill treatment. Required cadmium, lead, mercury, chromium,
It can selectively quantify and monitor five harmful elements of arsenic, antimony that is expected to be regulated in the future, and precious metals such as gold, silver, platinum and palladium used in home appliances.

[0032]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

(Embodiment) FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a shredder dust management system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure, 101 is a sample preparation means for homogenizing shredder dust discharged in a recovery step for recycling industrial products and preparing it as a sample having a certain shape, and 102 is included in the sample. Measuring means for measuring the amount of environmentally hazardous substances and / or valuables using the fluorescent X-ray technique, 103 is information on environmentally hazardous substances stipulated by law, and is used as a reference value for the content of valuable metals set independently. It is a processing procedure selection unit that refers to the database 104 that stores a predetermined processing procedure determined on the basis of the selected processing procedure and selects the processing procedure of the shredder dust to which the sample belongs.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a flowchart for explaining the operation of the shredder dust management system in the embodiment of the present invention.

The operation of the shredder dust management system according to the embodiment of the present invention having the above-described structure will be described, and an embodiment of the shredder dust management method of the present invention will be described.

First, steps 301 to 30 in FIG.
Shredder dust is obtained in the same manner as in the conventional method for treating waste products corresponding to No. 5. Next, the sample preparation means 101
Thus, the sample is prepared (step 307). As for the sample preparation, the shredder dust having a palm size of a child and a thickness of about 2 mm is evenly sampled in an amount of 500 g to 1 kg per mountain, and 10 mountains are prepared. Then each mountain 10
The small mountain is divided into 100 small mountains, each of which is made uniform and adjusted to 100 samples. The mass per sample is 50 to 100 g. In this example, a mesh having an opening with a diameter of 8 mm was crushed and then homogenized by stirring. May be turned into.

The powder for the specimen thus selected is
It is housed in a cylindrical container (made of polyethylene) having a diameter of 30 mm and a depth of 25 mm and measured by the measuring means 102 (step 308).

The measuring means 102 quantitatively analyzes the sample by fluorescent X-rays. In order to improve the efficiency of measurement, for example, the specimens are mounted on a rotatable table on which a plurality of specimens (for example, 10 pieces) can be mounted, and X-rays are used for averaging specimens having non-uniform contents. The irradiation axis is rotated 10 times per minute. Thereby, the contents of the environmentally hazardous substance and the noble metal contained in the sample are measured.

At this time, the environmentally hazardous substance is chlorine,
Set bromine, lead, antimony, cadmium, mercury, chromium, and arsenic, measure the contents of these elements, set precious metals such as gold, silver, and palladium, and measure the contents of these elements. .

The measurement result is output to the processing procedure selecting means 103. The processing procedure selecting means 103 determines the presence or absence of the environmentally hazardous substance and the noble metal contained in the sample according to the measurement result, and refers to the data of the database 104 for the processing procedure for the environmentally hazardous substance whose presence is confirmed. Select (step 309) and output data (step 31)
Along with 0), the measured components and their contents are output as a management table. The same applies to precious metals such as gold, platinum, silver, and palladium, which are valuable resources, and the processing procedure for metals whose existence has been confirmed is selected and output from the database, and the measured components and their content are managed. Output as.

The operation of selecting the processing procedure will be described in more detail. The database 104 contains standard values for the content of environmentally hazardous substances such as chlorine, bromine, lead, cadmium, mercury, chromium, and arsenic, and precious metals such as gold, platinum, and silver.
The standard values of the palladium content and the shredder dust processing procedure according to the standard values are stored as data.

Next, the measured data is classified into the following processing procedures by comparing the measured values with the database.

First, (1) When the contents of all environmentally hazardous substances used for power generation and blast furnace reducing agents by direct incineration are below the values shown below,
The shredder dust, to which the sample belongs, is used in thermal recycling as a fuel alternative for power generation or in material recycling as a blast furnace reducing agent for steel production.

Chlorine, bromine, lead: 1 wt% cadmium, mercury, chromium, arsenic: 0.1 wt% (2) After pretreatment, much chlorine and bromine used for power generation and blast furnace reducing agent (for example, 1 wt% or more) ) In addition, if the content of other environmentally hazardous substances is less than the values shown below, the shredder dust to which the sample belongs is first desorbed by dry distillation to remove chlorine and bromine, and then used as a fuel alternative for power generation. Used in material recycling for recycling or as a blast furnace reducing agent for steel production.

Lead: 1 wt% Cadmium, mercury, chromium arsenic: 0.1 wt% (3) When the content of any of the environmentally hazardous substances to be disposed of by the proper treatment method is equal to or more than the value satisfying the condition of the above step (2). The shredder dust to which the sample belongs belongs to a contractor who can properly treat it as industrial waste.

Next, if the original product is shredder dust that mainly contains electronic circuit components such as a circuit-mounted printed wiring board, it is classified into the following processing routes.

(4) Scouring of precious metals Regardless of the presence or absence of environmentally hazardous substances, when the content of precious metals such as gold, platinum and palladium is more than the following values, the shredder dust to which the specimen belongs depends on the respective metals. Sold to a refiner for use as material recycling.

Gold, platinum, palladium 0.01 wt% (5) Landfill disposal The content of gold, platinum, palladium and other noble metals and copper is below the value satisfying the condition of the above step (4), and the environmental load substance is If the value is less than the following, the shredder dust to which the sample belongs belongs to the landfill disposal company as industrial waste.

Lead: 1 wt% Cadmium, mercury, chromium, arsenic: 0.1 wt% (6) Detoxifying disposal Content of precious metals such as gold, platinum and palladium is less than the value shown in (4) above, and the environment When the load substance is equal to or more than the value satisfying the condition of the above procedure (5), the shredder dust to which the sample belongs is requested to be disposed of by a disposal supplier capable of high temperature treatment such as a melting furnace.

Next, when it is confirmed that neither valuable metals nor environmentally hazardous substances are present in the sample, the process (1) for direct incineration and use for power generation and blast furnace reducing agent is performed.

The above processing procedure is output to the outside as processing procedure data together with the measured values of the valuables and the environmentally hazardous substances obtained by the measuring means 102.

At this time, in particular, the measured values are transferred to the printing device for the control table of a predetermined format, and the control table is completed at the same time when the measurement is completed. By these measures, it is possible to omit new input work for creating the management table and eliminate entry mistakes. The format of this management table may be in accordance with the special management industrial waste management table or may be in accordance with the chemical substance safety data sheet.

The shredder dust manager processes the shredder dust on the basis of the processing procedure data obtained as described above, whereby precious metals are recovered, and harmful substances and environmentally hazardous substances with a risk of elution are removed. It will be rendered harmless, and eventually resources will be effectively used for the blast furnace reducing agent and fuel.

In the database 104, data may be organized according to the type of shredder dust. For example, in the case of emissions mainly of plastic, the standard value of the content of environmentally hazardous substances is stored.
If it is shredder dust that mainly contains electronic circuit parts, such as circuit-mounted printed wiring boards, then valuable gold,
Stores standard values for the contents of precious metal elements such as platinum, silver, and palladium.

As a result, the operation of selecting the processing procedure can be reduced and the processing efficiency can be improved.

Further, in each of the above-mentioned processing steps, the content ratio of the precious metal and the environmental load substance which are valuables in the sample may be arbitrarily set by the administrator of the shredder dust, but it is based on a predetermined standard. It is desirable that the content ratio of the valuable resource be determined based on the market price of the valuable resource. The price of precious metals such as gold and platinum fluctuates, so even if the content of shredder dust is small, it is possible to make a profitable decision on recycling.

The content ratio of the environmentally hazardous substance may be determined based on socially agreed rules such as laws, regulations, standards, etc., and when these rules are updated,
It is possible to make more severe judgments based on the latest standards and contribute to environmental protection.

In the above description of the processing procedure,
As the environmentally hazardous substances to be measured, chlorine, bromine, fluorine, lead, cadmium, mercury, chromium, and arsenic have been mentioned, but all of them may be the targets of measurement or a part thereof. Further, antimony or the like may be added. In addition, when a substance newly added to the environment by the above-mentioned socially agreed rules appears,
You may include it.

Although gold, platinum, and palladium have been cited as valuable resources, all of them may be targets for measurement, or some of them may be targets. Further, silver or the like may be added.

The present invention is a program for causing a computer to execute all or some of the steps (or steps, operations, actions, etc.) of the shredder dust management method of the present invention described above. It is a program that works in cooperation with.

Further, the present invention is a medium carrying a program for causing a computer to execute all or some of the steps of all or some of the steps of the shredder dust management method of the present invention described above, and is read by the computer. It is a medium that enables the program to be read in cooperation with the computer to execute the operation.

Note that some steps of the present invention (or
(Process, action, action, etc.) means some of the plurality of steps, or means a part of the action of one step.

Further, one usage form of the program of the present invention may be a mode in which the program is recorded in a computer-readable recording medium and operates in cooperation with the computer.

Further, one usage form of the program of the present invention may be a mode in which the program is transmitted through a transmission medium, read by a computer, and operates in cooperation with the computer.

Further, the data structure of the present invention includes a database, a data format, a data table, a data list, a data type and the like.

Further, the recording medium includes a ROM and the like, and the transmission medium includes a transmission medium such as the Internet,
Light, radio waves, sound waves, etc. are included.

The computer of the present invention described above is
The hardware is not limited to pure hardware such as a CPU, and may include firmware, an OS, and peripheral devices.

As described above, the configuration of the present invention may be realized by software or hardware.

[0070]

As is apparent from the above description, according to the present invention, environmentally hazardous substances can be obtained by appropriately performing final disposal and recycling according to the components of shredder dust discharged at the time of factory discharge. It is possible to prevent the unexpected release of water and realize effective use of resources.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a shredder dust management system of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a flowchart for explaining the operation of the shredder dust management system of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a flowchart for explaining a flow of conventional waste processing.

[Explanation of symbols]

101 Sample Preparation Means 102 measuring means 103 processing procedure selecting means 104 database

   ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page    (72) Inventor Hiroyuki Tokuma             1006 Kadoma, Kadoma-shi, Osaka Matsushita Electric             Sangyo Co., Ltd. F-term (reference) 4D004 AA22 AA26 AA28 BA05 CA04                       DA16

Claims (14)

[Claims] 1. A step of homogenizing shredder dust discharged in a recovery step for recycling an industrial product to prepare a sample having a certain shape, and an environmentally hazardous substance and / or / contained in the sample. Alternatively, referring to a database storing a process of measuring the amount of valuables and a predetermined processing procedure related to a preset type and / or amount of environmentally hazardous substances and / or valuables, the measured environmentally hazardous substances And / or selecting a treatment procedure for the discharge according to the amount of valuables. 2. The shredder dust management method according to claim 1, wherein the measuring step is energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence analysis, and a plurality of the samples are measured simultaneously. 3. The shredder dust management method according to claim 1, further comprising the step of outputting at least the selected processing procedure as data. 4. The environmentally hazardous substance is all or part of chlorine, bromine, fluorine, lead, antimony, cadmium, mercury, chromium, arsenic, and the valuable resource is all of gold, platinum, silver and palladium. Alternatively, the shredder dust management method according to claim 1, which is a part thereof. 5. The shredder dust management method according to claim 1, wherein the preset amount of environmentally hazardous substances is determined based on a socially agreed rule. 6. The preset amount of valuables is
The shredder dust management method according to claim 1, wherein the shredder dust management method is determined based on a market price. 7. A sample preparation means for homogenizing shredder dust discharged in a recovery step for recycling industrial products to prepare a sample having a certain shape, and an environmentally hazardous substance contained in the sample. And / or measuring means for measuring the amount of valuables and a database storing predetermined processing procedures, and referring to a database storing predetermined processing procedures, the procedure for treating the discharges corresponding to the measured amounts of environmentally hazardous substances and / or valuables A shredder dust management system having a processing procedure selecting means for selecting. 8. The shredder dust management system according to claim 7, wherein the measuring unit simultaneously measures a plurality of the samples by energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence analysis. 9. The shredder dust management system according to claim 7, further comprising data output means for outputting at least the selected processing procedure as data. 10. The environmentally hazardous substance is all or part of chlorine, bromine, fluorine, lead, antimony, cadmium, mercury, chromium, arsenic, and the valuable resource is all of gold, platinum, silver, and palladium. The shredder dust management system according to claim 7, which is a part or part of the shredder dust management system. 11. The shredder dust management system according to claim 7, wherein the preset amount of the environmentally hazardous substance is determined based on a socially agreed rule. 12. The shredder dust management system according to claim 7, wherein the preset amount of valuables is determined based on a market price. 13. The shredder dust management method according to claim 1, wherein an environmentally hazardous substance contained in the sample, and / or
Alternatively, referring to a database storing a process of measuring the amount of valuable substances and a predetermined processing procedure related to a preset type and / or amount of environmentally hazardous substances and / or valuable substances, the measured environmentally hazardous substances And / or a program for causing a computer to function as a whole or a part of the step of selecting a treatment procedure of the discharge corresponding to the amount of valuables. 14. A shredder dust management method according to claim 1, wherein an environmentally hazardous substance contained in the sample and / or
Alternatively, referring to a database storing a process of measuring the amount of valuable substances and a predetermined processing procedure related to a preset type and / or amount of environmentally hazardous substances and / or valuable substances, the measured environmentally hazardous substances And / or a medium carrying a program for causing a computer to function as all or a part of the step of selecting a treatment procedure for the discharge corresponding to the amount of valuables, and capable of being processed by the computer. Characterized medium.