JP2003109670A - Method of replacing defective battery - Google Patents
Method of replacing defective batteryInfo
- Publication number
- JP2003109670A JP2003109670A JP2001298415A JP2001298415A JP2003109670A JP 2003109670 A JP2003109670 A JP 2003109670A JP 2001298415 A JP2001298415 A JP 2001298415A JP 2001298415 A JP2001298415 A JP 2001298415A JP 2003109670 A JP2003109670 A JP 2003109670A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- battery
- secondary batteries
- new
- replacing
- battery pack
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、組電池を構成する
二次電池の一部に異常が発生した際における二次電池の
交換方法の改良に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an improvement of a method of replacing a secondary battery when an abnormality occurs in a part of the secondary battery constituting the assembled battery.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】二次電池には、鉛−酸バッテリやニッケ
ル−カドミウム（Ｎｉ−Ｃｄ）バッテリ、ニッケル−水
素（Ｎｉ−ＭＨ）バッテリ、リチウムイオンバッテリ等
がある。これらの二次電池は、電力が消耗されると、外
部電源に接続して所定の電流を流すことにより充電する
ことが出来るという性質がある。かかる性質を利用し
て、これらの二次電池は、従来より各種の機器に使用さ
れている。例えば、エンジンの転化プラグへの電力供給
を行うために、従来より車両にも搭載されていた。2. Description of the Related Art Secondary batteries include lead-acid batteries, nickel-cadmium (Ni-Cd) batteries, nickel-hydrogen (Ni-MH) batteries, and lithium-ion batteries. When the electric power is consumed, these secondary batteries have a property that they can be charged by connecting to an external power source and supplying a predetermined current. Utilizing this property, these secondary batteries have been conventionally used in various devices. For example, it has been conventionally mounted on a vehicle in order to supply electric power to a conversion plug of an engine.
【０００３】最近では、電気自動車（ＰＥＶ）や、エン
ジンと電動機を備えたいわゆるハイブリッド車両（ＨＥ
Ｖ）において、電動機を駆動する際の主電源として、そ
の高いエネルギー密度（すなわち、コンパクトにエネル
ギーを蓄積できる）と高い出力密度の点から、Ｎｉ−Ｍ
Ｈバッテリが主に使用されている。かかるＰＥＶやＨＥ
Ｖでは、電動機に対して十分な出力を供給できるよう
に、単電池を複数個直列又は並列に組み合わせて１つの
組電池を構成し、電池パックとして用いられている。Recently, an electric vehicle (PEV) or a so-called hybrid vehicle (HE) equipped with an engine and an electric motor is used.
In V), as a main power source for driving the electric motor, Ni-M is used because of its high energy density (that is, energy can be compactly stored) and high output density.
The H battery is mainly used. Such PEV and HE
In V, a plurality of unit cells are combined in series or in parallel to form one assembled battery so as to be able to supply a sufficient output to the electric motor and used as a battery pack.
【０００４】このように複数の組電池が結合されて、Ｐ
ＥＶやＨＥＶに搭載されるＮｉ−ＭＨバッテリは、その
使用環境が適切であればより長時間にわたり使用可能と
なるが、二次電池の個体差や二次電池を構成する部品の
不具合により、組電池の中の一つずつが異常や寿命に到
るのが一般的である。組電池の中の一つの二次電池に異
常が発生した場合には、組電池本来の機能が発揮でき
ず、システムの不具合に到る可能性が高いため、従来か
ら二次電池に異常が生じた場合には、これを検出した
上、速やかに交換されていた。In this way, a plurality of assembled batteries are combined to form P
The Ni-MH battery mounted on the EV or HEV can be used for a longer period of time if the usage environment is appropriate, but due to individual differences in the secondary battery and defects in the components that make up the secondary battery, It is common for each one of the batteries to reach an abnormality or reach the end of its life. When an abnormality occurs in one of the rechargeable batteries in the assembled battery, the original function of the assembled battery cannot be exerted, and there is a high possibility that the system will malfunction. If it was detected, it was promptly replaced.
【０００５】例えば、特開平２−１０１９３７号公報に
も、複数の二次電池のうち一部の二次電池の劣化を判別
し、交換を促す技術が開示されている。For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2-101937 also discloses a technique of discriminating deterioration of some of the secondary batteries and urging replacement.
【０００６】[0006]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかし、上記従来例に
おいては、異常が生じた二次電池を単純に交換するだけ
であり、入れ換え後の組電池の性能が最適化されないと
いう問題があった。However, in the above-mentioned conventional example, there is a problem in that the performance of the assembled battery after replacement is not optimized because the secondary battery in which an abnormality has occurred is simply replaced.
【０００７】すなわち、組電池においては、動作中に図
２に示されるような温度分布が発生する。図２におい
て、組電池１０は、複数の二次電池１２が積層されて構
成されているが、これらの二次電池１２は、組電池１０
の両端付近で温度が低く、これらに挟まれた部分では温
度が高く且つ温度差が小さくなっている。各二次電池間
の温度差が大きい位置では、各二次電池間に内部抵抗差
が発生して出力電圧に差が生じてしまう。例えば、組電
池の両端付近の位置は、温度が低く、二次電池の内部抵
抗が高くなるので、この位置に新品の二次電池を組み込
むと、温度差による電圧差と旧品と新品との電池の特性
の違いによる電圧差とにより、充放電時において隣接す
る新品と旧品の二次電池間の電圧差が大きくなってしま
う。このため、電池異常の誤検出に到る場合がある。That is, in the assembled battery, a temperature distribution as shown in FIG. 2 is generated during operation. In FIG. 2, the assembled battery 10 is configured by stacking a plurality of secondary batteries 12, and these secondary batteries 12 are the assembled batteries 10
The temperature is low near both ends, and the temperature sandwiched between them is high and the temperature difference is small. At a position where the temperature difference between the secondary batteries is large, an internal resistance difference occurs between the secondary batteries, resulting in a difference in output voltage. For example, the temperature near the both ends of the assembled battery is low, and the internal resistance of the secondary battery is high. Due to the voltage difference due to the difference in battery characteristics, the voltage difference between the adjacent new and old secondary batteries during charging / discharging becomes large. For this reason, erroneous detection of battery abnormality may result.
【０００８】また、電池の充電効率は温度によって変化
し、温度が高いと充電効率が低下する。電池の特性とし
ては、旧品は劣化により充電効率が低下しているが、新
品の二次電池を充電効率の良い場所に配置すると、充電
効率が低下している旧品は、充電効率を低下させる環境
である温度が高い場所に配置されることになってさらに
充電効率が下がる。他方、充電効率の良い新品は充電効
率を低下させない環境である温度の低い場所に配置され
ることになる。この結果、新品と旧品との電池容量のば
らつきが大きくなってしまう。Further, the charging efficiency of the battery changes depending on the temperature, and if the temperature is high, the charging efficiency decreases. As for the battery characteristics, the old product has deteriorated charging efficiency due to deterioration, but if a new secondary battery is placed in a place with good charging efficiency, the old product has deteriorated charging efficiency and the charging efficiency drops. The charging efficiency is further reduced because the battery is placed in a place where the temperature is high, which is the environment in which the battery is charged. On the other hand, a new product with good charging efficiency will be placed in a place with a low temperature, which is an environment that does not reduce charging efficiency. As a result, the variation in battery capacity between the new product and the old product becomes large.
【０００９】本発明は、上記従来の課題に鑑みなされた
ものであり、その目的は、組電池を構成する二次電池の
うち、異常が発生した電池を交換する際に、交換後の組
電池の性能を最適化できる異常電池の交換方法を提供す
ることにある。The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned conventional problems, and an object of the present invention is to replace the assembled battery after replacement when a battery having an abnormality is replaced among the secondary batteries constituting the assembled battery. An object of the present invention is to provide a method for replacing an abnormal battery that can optimize the performance of.
【００１０】[0010]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記目的を達成するため
に、本発明は、二次電池を電気的に直列または並列に複
数個接続した組電池において、異常が検出された一部の
二次電池を交換する異常電池の交換方法であって、新品
の二次電池を、組電池内で二次電池の機能を低下させる
環境の位置に組み込むことを特徴とする。In order to achieve the above object, the present invention relates to a battery pack in which a plurality of secondary batteries are electrically connected in series or in parallel, and a part of the secondary batteries in which an abnormality is detected is detected. A method of replacing an abnormal battery by replacing a battery, characterized in that a new rechargeable battery is installed in an environment position where the function of the rechargeable battery is degraded in the battery pack.
【００１１】また、上記異常電池の交換方法において、
組電池は冷却機能を有し、二次電池の機能を低下させる
環境は高温度であることを特徴とする。Further, in the above method of replacing an abnormal battery,
The assembled battery has a cooling function, and the environment in which the function of the secondary battery is deteriorated is characterized by high temperature.
【００１２】上記各構成によれば、新電池としての機能
の高い新品の二次電池を、電池の機能を低下させる環境
の位置に組み込むので、旧品と新品との間で動作中の機
能差が小さくなり、組電池の性能を最適化することがで
きる。According to each of the above constructions, a new secondary battery having a high function as a new battery is installed in the position of the environment where the function of the battery is deteriorated. Can be reduced, and the performance of the assembled battery can be optimized.
【００１３】また、二次電池を電気的に直列または並列
に複数個接続した組電池において、異常が検出された一
部の二次電池を交換する異常電池の交換方法であって、
新品の二次電池を組電池内に組み込む位置を、組電池が
最適性能となる位置とすることを特徴とする。A method of replacing an abnormal battery in which a part of the secondary batteries in which an abnormality is detected is replaced in an assembled battery in which a plurality of secondary batteries are electrically connected in series or in parallel,
A feature is that the position where the new secondary battery is incorporated into the battery pack is a position where the battery pack has optimum performance.
【００１４】また、上記異常電池の交換方法において、
組電池が最適性能となる位置とは、二次電池間の電圧差
が小さくなる位置であることを特徴とする。Further, in the above method of replacing an abnormal battery,
The position where the assembled battery has the optimum performance is a position where the voltage difference between the secondary batteries is small.
【００１５】上記各構成によれば、異常電池と交換した
新品の二次電池と旧品の二次電池との間の電圧差を小さ
くでき、組電池の性能を最適化できる。According to each of the above configurations, the voltage difference between the new secondary battery replaced with the abnormal battery and the old secondary battery can be reduced, and the performance of the assembled battery can be optimized.
【００１６】[0016]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明の実施の形態（以下
実施形態という）を、図面に従って説明する。BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as embodiments) will be described below with reference to the drawings.
【００１７】図１（ａ），（ｂ）には、本発明に係る異
常電池の交換方法の説明図が示される。図１（ａ）にお
いて、組電池１０を構成する二次電池１２のうち、両端
付近を除いた領域が高温領域１４となっており、この高
温領域１４では二次電池１２の温度が高く且つ各二次電
池１２間の温度差が無い領域となっている。図１（ａ）
に示された組電池１０において、図の右から２番目に示
された二次電池に異常が発生し、異常電池１６となった
場合、この異常電池１６を新品電池１８と交換する必要
がある。この場合、新品電池１８は、図１（ｂ）に示さ
れるように、異常電池１６が組み込まれていた図の右か
ら２番目では無く、高温領域１４内に位置する右から４
番目に組み込まれる。またこの場合、新品電池１８は、
高温領域１４中において、温度管理ができるように、温
度センサ２０が設けられた位置とされる。1 (a) and 1 (b) are explanatory views of a method of replacing an abnormal battery according to the present invention. In FIG. 1A, the high temperature region 14 is a region of the secondary battery 12 constituting the assembled battery 10 excluding the vicinity of both ends. In the high temperature region 14, the temperature of the secondary battery 12 is high and It is an area where there is no temperature difference between the secondary batteries 12. Figure 1 (a)
In the assembled battery 10 shown in FIG. 3, when an abnormality occurs in the secondary battery shown in the second position from the right in the figure and becomes the abnormal battery 16, it is necessary to replace the abnormal battery 16 with a new battery 18. . In this case, as shown in FIG. 1B, the new battery 18 is not the second from the right in the figure in which the abnormal battery 16 is incorporated, but is the fourth battery from the right located in the high temperature region 14.
To be included in the second. In this case, the new battery 18
In the high temperature region 14, the temperature sensor 20 is provided so that the temperature can be controlled.
【００１８】以上に述べたように、新品電池１８を、二
次電池１２間の温度差が少ない高温領域１４に組み込む
ことにより、二次電池１２間に温度差による電圧差が生
じないようにできる。この為、新品電池１８と従来から
組電池１０に組み込まれていた旧品の二次電池１２との
間では、電池特性の違いによる電圧差のみ発生すること
になり、電圧差がより小さく抑えられる。この為、新品
電池１８を組み込むことにより二次電池１２間の電圧差
が大きくなって電池異常の誤検出が発生することを防止
できる。As described above, by incorporating the new battery 18 in the high temperature region 14 in which the temperature difference between the secondary batteries 12 is small, it is possible to prevent a voltage difference due to the temperature difference between the secondary batteries 12. . Therefore, between the new battery 18 and the old secondary battery 12 that has been conventionally incorporated in the assembled battery 10, only a voltage difference due to the difference in battery characteristics occurs, and the voltage difference can be suppressed to a smaller value. . Therefore, by incorporating the new battery 18, it is possible to prevent the voltage difference between the secondary batteries 12 from becoming large and erroneous detection of battery abnormality from occurring.
【００１９】また、新品電池１８は、電池温度の高い高
温領域１４に取り付けられるので、電池温度の低い組電
池１０の両端部付近に比べて充電効率が低下する。新品
電池１８とこれ以外の旧品の二次電池１２との間では、
充電効率の違いによる電池容量のばらつきが発生する
が、新品電池１８を充電効率の低下する高温領域１４に
配置することにより、充電効率の差を縮小でき、電池容
量のばらつきを小さくすることができる。Since the new battery 18 is attached to the high temperature region 14 where the battery temperature is high, the charging efficiency is lower than that in the vicinity of both ends of the battery pack 10 where the battery temperature is low. Between the new battery 18 and the old secondary battery 12 other than this,
Although the battery capacity varies due to the difference in charging efficiency, by disposing the new battery 18 in the high temperature region 14 where the charging efficiency decreases, the difference in charging efficiency can be reduced and the variation in battery capacity can be reduced. .
【００２０】また、新品電池１８はこれ以外の旧品の二
次電池１２と比べて充電効率が高いので、高容量になり
易い。この為、温度センサ２０が設けられた位置に配置
することにより温度を管理し、新品電池１８の過充電を
防止できる。Since the new battery 18 has higher charging efficiency than the other secondary batteries 12 other than the above, the new battery 18 tends to have a high capacity. Therefore, by disposing the temperature sensor 20 at the position where the temperature sensor 20 is provided, the temperature can be controlled and the new battery 18 can be prevented from being overcharged.
【００２１】以上の通り、新品電池１８を、電圧、充電
効率等の二次電池の機能を低下させる環境の位置に組み
込むことにより、もともと組電池１０に組み込まれてい
た旧品の二次電池１２との間で機能の差を縮めるように
する。このような機能を低下させる環境は、上述したよ
うに電池温度が高温度となる環境である。このようにし
て、新品と旧品の二次電池の機能差を小さくすることに
より、二次電池間の性能のばらつきを小さくでき、組電
池１０の性能の最適化を図ることが可能となる。As described above, by incorporating the new battery 18 into the position of the environment where the secondary battery functions such as voltage and charging efficiency are deteriorated, the old secondary battery 12 originally incorporated in the assembled battery 10 is installed. Try to reduce the difference in function between and. The environment in which such a function is deteriorated is an environment in which the battery temperature is high as described above. In this way, by reducing the functional difference between the new and old secondary batteries, it is possible to reduce the variation in performance between the secondary batteries and optimize the performance of the battery pack 10.
【００２２】なお、以上に述べた例では、二次電池の機
能を低下させる環境として高温度を示したが、これ以外
の要因で組電池１０内の位置に基づく二次電池１２の機
能低下がある場合にも、本発明は適用できる。この場合
にも、異常電池１６に代えて新品電池１８を組電池１０
内に組み込む位置は、上記高温度の場合と同様に、組電
池１０が最適性能となる位置とする。この組電池１０が
最適性能となる位置とは、二次電池１２間の電圧差が小
さくなる位置である。In the examples described above, high temperature is shown as an environment in which the function of the secondary battery is deteriorated, but the function of the secondary battery 12 is deteriorated due to the position in the battery pack 10 due to other factors. In some cases, the present invention is applicable. Also in this case, the new battery 18 is replaced by the new battery 18 instead of the abnormal battery 16.
The position where the battery pack 10 is incorporated is a position where the assembled battery 10 has optimum performance, as in the case of the high temperature. The position where the assembled battery 10 has the optimum performance is a position where the voltage difference between the secondary batteries 12 becomes small.
【００２３】また、本実施形態に係る組電池１０には、
図示しない冷却機能を持たせるのも好適である。これに
より、組電池１０を構成する二次電池１２の温度を低下
させることができ、組電池１０の性能を高く維持するこ
とが可能となる。Further, the assembled battery 10 according to the present embodiment includes
It is also preferable to have a cooling function (not shown). As a result, the temperature of the secondary battery 12 constituting the assembled battery 10 can be lowered, and the performance of the assembled battery 10 can be maintained high.
【００２４】[0024]
【発明の効果】以上説明したように、本発明によれば、
組電池から異常電池を交換する際に、新品の二次電池が
その機能を低下させる環境下におかれるので、旧品と新
品との機能差が小さくなり、組電池全体の性能の最適化
を図ることができる。As described above, according to the present invention,
When replacing an abnormal battery from an assembled battery, the new secondary battery is placed in an environment in which its function deteriorates, so the functional difference between the old product and the new product is reduced, and the performance of the entire assembled battery is optimized. Can be planned.
【００２５】また、二次電池の機能を低下する環境は高
温度であって、組電池に冷却機能を持たせることによ
り、組電池の性能をより高く維持することが可能とな
る。The environment in which the function of the secondary battery is deteriorated is high temperature, and the performance of the battery pack can be maintained higher by providing the battery pack with a cooling function.
【００２６】また、新品の二次電池を組電池内に組み込
む位置を二次電池間の電圧差が小さくなる位置とするこ
とにより、組電池を最適性能とすることができる。Further, by setting the position where the new secondary battery is incorporated into the assembled battery to the position where the voltage difference between the secondary batteries becomes small, the assembled battery can have optimum performance.
【図１】 本発明に係る異常電池の交換方法の説明図で
ある。FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a method of replacing an abnormal battery according to the present invention.
【図２】 組電池を構成する二次電池の温度分布を示す
図である。FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a temperature distribution of a secondary battery that constitutes an assembled battery.
１０ 組電池、１２ 二次電池、１４ 高温領域、１６
異常電池、１８ 新品電池、２０ 温度センサ。10 assembled battery, 12 secondary battery, 14 high temperature region, 16
Abnormal battery, 18 new battery, 20 temperature sensor.
Claims (4)
数個接続した組電池において、異常が検出された一部の
二次電池を交換する異常電池の交換方法であって、 新品の二次電池を、組電池内で二次電池の機能を低下さ
せる環境の位置に組み込むことを特徴とする異常電池の
交換方法。1. A method of replacing an abnormal battery in which a part of the secondary batteries in which an abnormality is detected is replaced in a battery pack in which a plurality of secondary batteries are electrically connected in series or in parallel, and which is a new battery. A method of replacing an abnormal battery, characterized in that the secondary battery is installed in a position in an environment where the function of the secondary battery is deteriorated in the assembled battery.
いて、前記組電池は冷却機能を有し、前記二次電池の機
能を低下させる環境は高温度であることを特徴とする異
常電池の交換方法。2. The method for replacing an abnormal battery according to claim 1, wherein the assembled battery has a cooling function, and an environment in which the function of the secondary battery is deteriorated is high temperature. method of exchange.
数個接続した組電池において、異常が検出された一部の
二次電池を交換する異常電池の交換方法であって、 新品の二次電池を組電池内に組み込む位置を、組電池が
最適性能となる位置とすることを特徴とする異常電池の
交換方法。3. A battery pack in which a plurality of secondary batteries are electrically connected in series or in parallel, and a part of the secondary batteries in which an abnormality is detected is replaced. A method of replacing an abnormal battery, characterized in that the position where the secondary battery is incorporated into the battery pack is set to a position where the battery pack has optimum performance.
いて、前記組電池が最適性能となる位置とは、二次電池
間の電圧差が小さくなる位置であることを特徴とする異
常電池の交換方法。4. The method for replacing an abnormal battery according to claim 3, wherein the position where the assembled battery has the optimum performance is a position where the voltage difference between the secondary batteries becomes small. method of exchange.
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| JP2001298415A JP4956881B2 (en) | 2001-09-27 | 2001-09-27 | How to replace an abnormal battery |
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| JP2001298415A JP4956881B2 (en) | 2001-09-27 | 2001-09-27 | How to replace an abnormal battery |
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| JP4956881B2 JP4956881B2 (en) | 2012-06-20 |
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| JP2001298415A Expired - Fee Related JP4956881B2 (en) | 2001-09-27 | 2001-09-27 | How to replace an abnormal battery |
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| JP2011124137A (en) * | 2009-12-11 | 2011-06-23 | Toyota Motor Corp | Method for maintaining assembled battery |
| JP2013012429A (en) * | 2011-06-30 | 2013-01-17 | Furukawa Battery Co Ltd:The | Storage cell replacement tool and storage cell replacement method |
| JP2016091909A (en) * | 2014-11-10 | 2016-05-23 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | Replacement method for power storage module |
| CN110386023A (en) * | 2019-06-27 | 2019-10-29 | 博众精工科技股份有限公司 | A kind of battery turnover method based on battery self-inspection formula charging storehouse |
| EP4131560A1 (en) | 2021-08-06 | 2023-02-08 | Primearth EV Energy Co., Ltd. | Method for replacing rechargeable battery |
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|---|---|
| JP4956881B2 (en) | 2012-06-20 |
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