JP2003106168A - Gas turbine plant - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve regeneration efficiency and boiler efficiency simultaneously and to improve efficiency by expanding a thermoelectric variable range and using surplus steam. SOLUTION: A regenerator and a boiler of a regenerative gas turbine are arranged in parallel. An exhaust heat boiler of a water steam injecting gas turbine can operate under pressure variable and thermoelectric variable conditions. In regenerative water steam injecting gas turbine, high pressure steam is injected in a combustor, low pressure steam is injected in a turbine and high pressure hot water is injected in an inlet of the regenerator (an outlet of a compressor).

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an improvement in a gas turbine plant equipped with means for injecting water or steam.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a high temperature and high pressure combustion gas drives a gas turbine, and the combustion exhaust gas from the gas turbine is used as a heat source for compressed air supplied to a heat exchanger (regenerator) and supplied to the combustor. Regenerative gas turbines are known.
When a waste heat boiler is installed in such a regenerative gas turbine, the waste heat boiler is conventionally installed downstream of the regenerator, and the gas temperature at the regenerator outlet is low, which can improve boiler efficiency. could not. On the contrary, when the regenerator is installed downstream of the superheater, the gas temperature at the outlet of the superheater is low, and the temperature efficiency of the regenerator cannot be increased this time. Therefore, for example, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-189311, steam is generated in a waste heat boiler that uses combustion exhaust gas as a heat source, the steam is mixed with compressed air before heating, and then the steam is provided upstream of the waste heat boiler. The regenerated heat exchanger is heated and supplied to the combustor.

[0003]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION Problems to be Solved by the Invention
In the method of directly mixing steam and compressed air as described in Japanese Patent No. 9311, by injecting saturated steam into the regenerator inlet, thermal energy at a temperature lower than the temperature of compressed air is recovered, and a regenerative gas turbine is used. Is improving the efficiency of.
However, in the direct mixing type system, it is difficult to effectively use the surplus steam because the steam injection location is limited, and the efficiency of the waste heat boiler cannot be improved by using the surplus steam. . Further, in the conventional steam injection gas turbine, it is difficult to arbitrarily control the operation of the steam generated in the waste heat boiler depending on whether it is taken out as process steam or injected to the gas turbine. There is a problem that the variable range is narrow.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and an object of the present invention is to regenerate a regenerative gas turbine by arranging a regenerator and a boiler in parallel or by incorporating a superheater in the regenerator. It is to provide a gas turbine plant capable of simultaneously increasing the reactor temperature efficiency and the boiler efficiency. Another object of the present invention is to provide a gas turbine plant in which the variable thermoelectric range is widened and the efficiency is improved by transforming the waste heat boiler of a water / steam injection gas turbine to perform a variable thermoelectric operation. Further, an object of the present invention is to provide a surplus steam by injecting high-pressure steam into a combustor, low-pressure steam into a turbine, and high-pressure hot water into a regenerator inlet (compressor outlet) in a water / steam injection gas turbine, respectively. And use of excess hot water,
It is to provide a gas turbine plant that can improve the overall efficiency.

[0005]

In order to achieve the above object, a gas turbine plant of the present invention is a turbine using high temperature and high pressure combustion gas obtained by supplying compressed air and fuel from a compressor to a combustor. In a regenerative gas turbine plant in which the combustion exhaust gas from the turbine is driven into the regenerative heat exchanger to heat the compressed air supplied to the combustor, the regenerative heat exchanger and the superheater are arranged in parallel. Alternatively, a superheater is incorporated in the regenerative heat exchanger, and the high temperature combustion exhaust gas can be used as a heating source in both the regenerative heat exchanger and the superheater (see FIGS. 1, 2, and 4).

Further, the gas turbine plant of the present invention is
Compressed air and fuel from the compressor are supplied to the combustor to generate high-temperature and high-pressure combustion gas that drives the turbine to generate electricity, and the combustion exhaust gas from the turbine is introduced into the regenerative heat exchanger and supplied to the combustor. In the regenerative gas turbine plant, in which the compressed air to be heated is heated and the combustion exhaust gas is used as a heating source to extract the steam generated in the waste heat boiler and inject the steam into the gas turbine, the waste heat boiler is a variable voltage operation boiler, It is characterized in that the steam injection to the gas turbine is controlled by the variable pressure operation of the waste heat boiler to make the thermoelectric variable (see FIGS. 1 and 4).

Further, the gas turbine plant of the present invention is
Compressed air and fuel from the compressor are supplied to the combustor to generate high temperature and high pressure combustion gas that drives the turbine to generate electricity, and the combustion exhaust gas from the turbine is introduced into the waste heat boiler.
In a gas turbine plant that uses combustion exhaust gas as a heating source to extract the steam generated in a waste heat boiler and inject it into a gas turbine, the waste heat boiler is a transformer operation boiler, and the gas turbine is operated by a transformer operation of the waste heat boiler. It is characterized in that the steam injection into the chamber is controlled to make the thermoelectric variable.

Further, the gas turbine plant of the present invention is
The turbine is driven by the high temperature and high pressure combustion gas obtained by supplying compressed air and fuel from the compressor to the combustor, and the combustion exhaust gas from the turbine is introduced into the regenerative heat exchanger to supply compressed air to the combustor. In a regenerative gas turbine plant that heats and injects steam generated in a waste heat boiler to a gas turbine by using combustion exhaust gas as a heating source, the waste heat boiler is composed of a high pressure boiler and a low pressure boiler. The high-pressure steam obtained in 1. is injected into the combustor, the low-pressure steam obtained from the low-pressure boiler is injected into the turbine, and the high-pressure hot water that preheats the water from the water supply means is injected into the inlet of the regenerative heat exchanger. It is characterized by doing (Fig. 2,
(See FIG. 4). In this case, surplus steam or surplus hot water can be used by injecting surplus steam from the outside into the turbine or by injecting at least one of surplus steam and surplus hot water into the inlet of the regenerative heat exchanger.

Further, the gas turbine plant of the present invention is
The turbine is driven by the high temperature and high pressure combustion gas obtained by supplying compressed air and fuel from the compressor to the combustor, and the combustion exhaust gas from the turbine is introduced into the waste heat boiler, and the combustion exhaust gas is used as a heating source for the waste heat boiler. In a gas turbine plant that is designed to inject the steam generated in 1. above into a gas turbine, the waste heat boiler is composed of a high-pressure boiler and a low-pressure boiler, and the high-pressure steam obtained by the high-pressure boiler is injected into the combustor, The low-pressure steam obtained in the boiler is injected into the turbine, and high-pressure hot water obtained by preheating the water from the water supply means is injected into the outlet of the compressor (see FIG. 3). In this case, surplus steam or surplus hot water can be used by injecting surplus steam from the outside into the turbine or by injecting at least one of surplus steam and surplus hot water to the outlet of the compressor.

[0010]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described. However, the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments, and can be appropriately modified and implemented. . FIG. 1 shows an example of a gas turbine plant according to a first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the taken-in air is compressed by a compressor 10 to be compressed air, and the compressed air is cooled by water injection in a cooler 12 and then a regenerator 14 using a combustion exhaust gas of a gas turbine as a heat source. Is heated in. The drain is collected from the cooler 12. The compressed air heated by the regenerator 14 is mixed with water by the mixer 16 and supplied to the combustor 18. The mixer 16 is provided depending on the temperature and humidity of the compressed air,
The presence or absence thereof is arbitrary. Compressed air is burned together with fuel in the combustor 18, and the combustion gas of high temperature and high pressure is used for the turbine 2
Drive 0. The combustion exhaust gas from the turbine 20 is regenerator 14 and superheater 22 (or superheater 2) arranged in parallel.
2 is introduced into a regenerator 14) incorporated therein, and then introduced into an evaporator 26 and a economizer 28 in the waste heat boiler 24, where heat is sequentially recovered and discharged. 30 is a water supply pump.

As described above, the regenerator 14 and the superheater 22 are arranged in parallel, or the superheater 22 is incorporated in the regenerator 14, and both the regenerator 14 and the superheater 22 have It becomes possible to recover waste heat at a high exhaust gas temperature.
Therefore, it is not necessary to sacrifice boiler efficiency to prioritize regeneration efficiency or conversely sacrifice regeneration efficiency to prioritize boiler efficiency as in the conventional case, and it is possible to improve regenerator temperature efficiency and boiler efficiency at the same time. .

The superheated steam generated in the superheater 22 is used by being injected into a gas turbine (for example, the turbine 20) or taken out as process steam.
The variable range of the thermoelectric power is widened by adopting a configuration in which the variable voltage driving can be performed. In addition, illustration of a generator etc. is abbreviate | omitted in FIG. For example, when the demand for process steam is large, the boiler pressure Pb is set to be low (as an example, 10
Ata), steam injection to the gas turbine is not performed, and water spray is not performed in front of the regenerator. When the demand for process steam is small, the boiler pressure Pb is set to be high, for example, steam injection to the gas turbine is started at 20ata, and water in front of the regenerator is increased in order to increase low temperature heat collection. Start spraying. As a configuration for performing the variable pressure operation of the waste heat boiler, for example, as shown in FIG. 1, the control device 32 and the control valve 34, the control valve 34, which controls the PID control of the process steam amount by controlling the process steam amount, the boiler pressure to the steam flow rate. By P
The configuration includes a control device 38 and a control valve 40 for ID control, and a control device 42 and a control valve 44 for PID control of water injection by temperature, but the configuration of the variable pressure operation boiler is not limited to this. . In this embodiment, as an example, the HAT as shown in FIG.
Although recycle water and steam injection gas turbine of the cycle are used, the configuration of the present invention is not limited to this.

FIG. 2 shows an example of a gas turbine plant according to the second embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2, the taken-in air is compressed by the compressor 46 to become compressed air, and after the compressed air is injected with high-pressure hot water, which will be described later, in the mixer 48, it is regenerated by using combustion exhaust gas of the gas turbine as a heat source. It is heated in the container 50. The compressed air heated by the regenerator 50 is supplied to the combustor 52 together with the fuel and burns.
The turbine 54 is driven by the high-temperature and high-pressure combustion gas from the combustor 52, and the generator 56 generates electric power. Turbine 54
The combustion exhaust gas from the regenerator 50 and the high-pressure superheater 60 (or the high-pressure superheater 60) arranged in parallel in the waste heat boiler 58.
Is introduced into the regenerator 50), and then introduced into the high pressure evaporator 62, the high pressure economizer 64, the low pressure superheater 66, the low pressure evaporator 68, and the low pressure economizer 70, and the heat is sequentially recovered and discharged. To be done. 72 and 74 are water supply pumps.

In FIG. 2, the high-pressure steam generated in the high-pressure superheater 60 is injected into the combustor 52 (or the inlet of the turbine 54), and the rest of the high-pressure steam and the low-pressure steam generated in the low-pressure superheater 66 are combined with the turbine 54. Is injected in the middle of.
Although illustration is omitted, in this case, it is also possible to use surplus steam from the outside, and the external surplus steam is injected into the middle of the turbine 54 (or the turbine 54 via the low pressure superheater 66). . In addition, the low pressure economizer 70
The pressurized high pressure hot water is injected into the compressed air at the inlet of the regenerator 50. The high-pressure hot water heated and pressurized by the low-pressure economizer 70 and the high-pressure economizer 64 may be used. Although not shown, in this case, it is also possible to use surplus steam or surplus hot water from the outside. With the configuration of this embodiment, it is possible to effectively utilize all of the surplus steam and the surplus hot water and improve the efficiency of the waste heat recovery boiler. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, as an example, the regenerator 50 and the high-pressure superheater 60 are arranged in parallel, but they may be arranged in series and may be arbitrary. The arrangement in the boiler is not limited to the configuration shown in FIG. 2, and for example, the low pressure evaporator may be arranged upstream of the high pressure economizer. Furthermore, the presence or absence of a superheater is optional, and saturated steam may be injected instead of superheated steam.

FIG. 3 shows an example of a gas turbine plant according to the third embodiment of the present invention. In contrast to the regenerative gas turbine of the second embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the present embodiment is a simple cycle gas turbine without a regenerator. As shown in FIG. 3, the high-pressure hot water is injected to the compressor 46 outlet (combustor 52 inlet). Other configurations, operations, and the like are similar to those of the second embodiment.

FIG. 4 shows a schematic structure of a gas turbine plant according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is a thermoelectric variable regenerative water / steam injection gas turbine in which a regenerator and a boiler are integrated so that high-pressure steam is injected into a combustor, low-pressure steam is injected into a turbine, and high-pressure hot water is injected into a regenerator inlet. It is a system. As shown in FIG. 4, the taken-in air is compressed by the compressor 76 to become compressed air, and the compressed air is injected with high-pressure hot water, and then the regenerator (integrated regeneration / combustion exhaust gas of the gas turbine) is used as a heat source. Waste heat boiler 7
It is heated in 8). The compressed air heated by the regenerator is supplied to the combustor 80 together with the fuel for combustion. The high temperature and high pressure combustion gas from the combustor 80 drives the turbine 82, and the generator 84 generates electricity. The combustion exhaust gas from the turbine 82 is introduced into the integrated regeneration / waste heat boiler 78, where heat is sequentially recovered by a superheater, an evaporator, and a economizer to be discharged. The configuration and the like of the waste heat boiler are the same as in the case of the second embodiment shown in FIG.

In the integrated regenerative / waste heat boiler 78, if the regenerator and the superheater are arranged in parallel, or if the superheater is incorporated in the regenerator, both the regenerator and the superheater are disposed of at a high exhaust gas temperature. The heat can be recovered, and the regenerator temperature efficiency and the boiler efficiency can be improved at the same time. Further, the integrated regeneration / waste heat boiler 78 can be used to transform the waste heat boiler so as to make it thermoelectrically variable. Further, by injecting the high-pressure steam into the combustor 80 (or the inlet of the turbine 82) and injecting the low-pressure steam into the middle of the turbine 82, all the surplus steam can be used, and the boiler efficiency is improved. In this case, the unused (low pressure) steam from the outside is supplied to the turbine 82.
(Alternatively, external surplus steam can also be used by charging it into the turbine 82 via the integrated regeneration / waste heat boiler 78). In addition, high-pressure hot water is injected into the compressed air at the regenerator inlet (compressor outlet). Although not shown, in this case, external surplus steam and surplus warm water can also be used by introducing surplus steam and surplus warm water from the outside into the regenerator inlet (compressor outlet). These details are the same as those in the second and third embodiments. Other configurations, operations, and the like are similar to those of the first to third embodiments.

The gas turbine used in the present invention may be any of a simple cycle gas turbine, a regeneration cycle gas turbine, a micro gas turbine, and the type thereof is not particularly limited. Moreover, it is possible to adopt a configuration in which water and steam are injected to each part of the gas turbine.

[0019]

Since the present invention is configured as described above, it has the following effects. (1) In the regenerative gas turbine, by arranging the regenerator and the boiler in parallel or by incorporating the superheater in the regenerator, the regenerator temperature efficiency and the boiler efficiency can be increased at the same time. (2) The variable thermoelectric range is expanded and the efficiency is improved by transforming the waste heat boiler of the water and steam injection gas turbine to perform variable operation. (3) Effective use of surplus steam and surplus hot water by injecting high-pressure steam into a combustor, low-pressure steam into a turbine, and high-pressure hot water into a regenerator inlet (compressor outlet) in a water / steam injection gas turbine This leads to improvement in overall efficiency. In this case, surplus steam and surplus hot water from the outside can be effectively used.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration explanatory view showing an example of a gas turbine plant according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration explanatory diagram showing an example of a gas turbine plant according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration explanatory diagram showing an example of a gas turbine plant according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration explanatory view showing an example of a gas turbine plant according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

10,46,76 Compressor 12 Cooler 14,50 regenerator 16, 48 Mixer 18, 52, 80 Combustor 20, 54, 82 turbine 22 Superheater 24, 58 Waste heat boiler 26 Evaporator 28 economizer 30 water pump 32, 38, 42 control device 34, 36, 40, 44 Control valve 56,84 generator 60 high pressure superheater 62 high pressure evaporator 64 high pressure economizer 66 low pressure superheater 68 Low pressure evaporator 70 low pressure economizer 72,74 Water supply pump 78 Integrated regeneration / waste heat boiler

Continued front page    (72) Inventor Eiichi Harada             1-1 Kawasaki-cho, Akashi-shi, Hyogo Kawasaki Heavy Industries             Akashi Factory Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Kyoutoshi Shoji             1-1 Kawasaki-cho, Akashi-shi, Hyogo Kawasaki Heavy Industries             Akashi Factory Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Junichi Kitajima             1-1 Kawasaki-cho, Akashi-shi, Hyogo Kawasaki Heavy Industries             Akashi Factory Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Kenji Mori             1-1 Kawasaki-cho, Akashi-shi, Hyogo Kawasaki Heavy Industries             Akashi Factory Co., Ltd. F-term (reference) 3L021 AA02 BA03 CA07 DA04 FA02                       FA03 FA08

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A turbine is driven by combustion gas of high temperature and high pressure obtained by supplying compressed air and fuel from a compressor to a combustor, and combustion exhaust gas from the turbine is introduced into a regenerative heat exchanger to the combustor. In a regenerative gas turbine plant that heats compressed air to be supplied, a regenerative heat exchanger and a superheater are arranged in parallel, or a superheater is incorporated in the regenerative heat exchanger, and both the regenerative heat exchanger and the superheater A gas turbine plant characterized in that high temperature combustion exhaust gas can be used as a heating source. 2. A turbine is driven by a combustion gas of high temperature and high pressure obtained by supplying compressed air and fuel from a compressor to a combustor to generate electricity, and combustion exhaust gas from the turbine is introduced into a regenerative heat exchanger. To heat the compressed air supplied to the combustor,
In a regenerative gas turbine plant that uses combustion exhaust gas as a heating source to extract the steam generated in a waste heat boiler and inject it into a gas turbine, the waste heat boiler is a variable operation boiler. A gas turbine plant, characterized in that steam injection to a gas turbine is controlled so that thermoelectricity is variable. 3. A turbine is driven by a combustion gas of high temperature and high pressure obtained by supplying compressed air and fuel from a compressor to a combustor to generate electricity, and combustion exhaust gas from the turbine is introduced into a waste heat boiler, In a gas turbine plant that uses combustion exhaust gas as a heating source to extract the steam generated in a waste heat boiler and inject it into a gas turbine, the waste heat boiler is a transformer operation boiler, and the gas turbine is operated by a transformer operation of the waste heat boiler. A gas turbine plant, characterized in that the steam injection to the steam generator is controlled to make the thermoelectric variable. 4. A turbine is driven by combustion gas of high temperature and high pressure obtained by supplying compressed air and fuel from a compressor to a combustor, and combustion exhaust gas from the turbine is introduced into a regenerative heat exchanger to the combustor. In a regenerative gas turbine plant that heats compressed air to be supplied and injects steam generated in a waste heat boiler to a gas turbine using combustion exhaust gas as a heating source, the waste heat boiler is composed of a high pressure boiler and a low pressure boiler. The high-pressure steam obtained from the high-pressure boiler is injected into the combustor, the low-pressure steam obtained from the low-pressure boiler is injected into the turbine, and the high-pressure hot water that preheats the water from the water supply means enters the regeneration heat exchanger. A gas turbine plant characterized by being injected. 5. The gas turbine plant according to claim 4, wherein excess steam from the outside is injected into the turbine, and at least one of the excess steam and the excess hot water is injected into the inlet of the regenerative heat exchanger. 6. The combustion exhaust gas from the turbine is introduced into a waste heat boiler to heat the combustion exhaust gas by driving the turbine with high temperature and high pressure combustion gas obtained by supplying compressed air and fuel from the compressor to the combustor. In a gas turbine plant in which steam generated in a waste heat boiler is injected into a gas turbine as a source, the waste heat boiler is composed of a high pressure boiler and a low pressure boiler, and the high pressure steam obtained by the high pressure boiler is a combustor. The low-pressure steam obtained by the low-pressure boiler is injected into the turbine, and the high-pressure hot water obtained by preheating the water from the water supply means is injected into the outlet of the compressor. 7. The gas turbine plant according to claim 6, wherein excess steam from the outside is injected into the turbine, and at least one of the excess steam and the excess hot water is injected into the outlet of the compressor.