JP2003097209A - Rotary fluid machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To minimize the fluctuation of clearances between sliding surfaces of a fixed shaft and a rotary shaft in a rotary fluid machine caused by thermal expansion. SOLUTION: The rotary fluid machine comprises a rotor rotatably accommodated in a casing, the hollow rotary shaft 113 rotated together with the rotor, and the fixed shaft 102 relatively rotatably engaged with an inner periphery of the rotary shaft 113. The rotary shaft 113 is structured in such a manner that an outside sleeve 21 made of metal is shrinkage-fitted to an outer periphery of an inside sleeve 85 made of ceramic or the like having a lower coefficient of thermal expansion relative to metal, and the fixed shaft 102 is structured in such a manner that an outside sleeve 88 made of metal is shrinkage-fitted to an outer periphery of an inside sleeve 87 made of ceramic or the like having a lower coefficient of thermal expansion relative to metal. By tensile residual stress of the outside sleeves 21, 88 engaged with the outer peripheries of the inside sleeves 85, 87, the thermal expansion of the outside sleeves 21, 88 is prevented, and a state of close contact between the outside sleeves 21, 88 and the inside sleeves 85, 87 is thus maintained.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a rotary fluid machine for mutually converting pressure energy of a vapor phase working medium and rotation energy of a rotor.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A rotary fluid machine disclosed in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2000-320543 is equipped with a vane piston unit having a combination of vanes and pistons, and is slidably fitted to a cylinder radially provided on a rotor. A piston for converting the pressure energy of the vapor-phase working medium and the rotation energy of the rotor to each other via a power conversion device composed of an annular groove and a roller, and supported by the rotor so as to be slidable in the radial direction. The vanes are adapted to mutually convert the pressure energy of the vapor working medium and the rotational energy of the rotor.

[0003]

By the way, in such a rotary fluid machine, a hollow rotary shaft which rotates integrally with the rotor is fitted and rotatably supported on the outer periphery of the fixed shaft which covers the fixed shaft fixed to the casing. Thus, a rotary valve for supplying / discharging the high temperature vapor-phase working medium is configured between the outer peripheral surface of the fixed shaft and the inner peripheral surface of the rotary shaft.

Attempting to secure the sealing performance of the rotary valve by means of the sealing member poses a problem that the durability of the sealing member exposed to the high temperature gas-phase working medium deteriorates. Lubricating oil is mixed in the working medium, which is not preferable. Therefore, the sealing property of the rotary valve needs to be ensured by managing the clearance between the outer circumference of the fixed shaft fixed to the casing and the inner circumference of the rotary shaft fixed to the rotor. However, since the rotary valve has an extremely large temperature difference between hot and cold, the clearance may change due to thermal expansion and abnormal wear or leakage may occur.

That is, when a high temperature vapor-phase working medium is supplied to the rotary valve through the inside of the fixed shaft during cold, first, the inner fixed shaft thermally expands and the outer rotary shaft delays thermal expansion. Clearance decreases and abnormal wear occurs due to contact. When both the inner fixed shaft and the outer rotary shaft thermally expand during hot, the clearance in the portion where the abnormal wear occurs becomes larger than in other portions, and the amount of steam leakage in that portion increases. Will end up.

To avoid this, it is conceivable to use a material such as ceramics having a small coefficient of thermal expansion for both the fixed shaft and the rotating shaft, but sliding surfaces of the same kind of materials have sliding characteristics. Poorly, there is a concern that friction may increase and seizure may occur. Further, even if an attempt is made to coat a low-friction material in order to improve the sliding characteristics, it is difficult to coat the ceramic.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and increases the leak by minimizing the fluctuation of the clearances of the fixed shaft of the rotary fluid machine and the sliding surfaces of the rotary shaft due to thermal expansion. It is also intended to suppress the occurrence of abnormal wear.

[0008]

In order to achieve the above object, according to the invention described in claim 1, a rotor rotatably housed in a casing and a hollow rotary shaft which rotates integrally with the rotor. In a rotary fluid machine including a fixed shaft fixed to a casing, and a rotary valve formed on a sliding surface of the fixed shaft and the rotary shaft to control supply and discharge of a high temperature gas-phase working medium, A rotary fluid machine is proposed in which at least an inner peripheral portion is formed by shrink-fitting an outer sleeve made of metal on an outer periphery of an inner sleeve formed of a material having a coefficient of thermal expansion lower than that of metal.

According to the above construction, at least the inner peripheral portion of the rotary shaft, which is provided integrally with the rotor and is rotatably supported by bringing the sliding surface into contact with the fixed shaft in an airtight state, has a coefficient of thermal expansion lower than that of metal. Since the outer sleeve made of metal is shrink-fitted to the outer circumference of the inner sleeve made of the above material, even if the rotary shaft expands due to the high temperature gas-phase working medium, the metal shrink-fitted to the outer circumference of the inner sleeve. The thermal expansion of the outer sleeve is suppressed by the tensile residual stress of the outer sleeve made of steel, so that the close contact between the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve is maintained. As a result, the thermal expansion of the entire rotating shaft depends on the thermal expansion of the inner sleeve made of a material having a low coefficient of thermal expansion, which suppresses the change in the inner diameter of the rotating shaft and reduces the sliding surface between the fixed shaft and the sliding surface. The clearance can be stabilized.

According to the invention described in claim 2,
A rotor that is rotatably housed in a casing, a hollow rotating shaft that rotates integrally with the rotor, a fixed shaft that is fixed to the casing, and a high temperature gas-phase working medium that is formed on the fixed shaft and the sliding surface of the rotating shaft. In a rotary fluid machine equipped with a rotary valve for controlling supply and discharge of a metal, an outer sleeve made of metal is shrink-fitted onto at least an outer peripheral portion of a fixed shaft and an outer periphery of an inner sleeve made of a material having a coefficient of thermal expansion lower than that of metal. A rotary fluid machine characterized by being configured as above is proposed.

According to the above construction, at least the outer peripheral portion of the fixed shaft, which is fixed to the casing and rotatably supports the rotating shaft by contacting the sliding surface in an airtight state, is formed of a material having a coefficient of thermal expansion lower than that of metal. Since the outer sleeve made of metal is shrink-fitted onto the outer circumference of the inner sleeve, the outer sleeve made of metal shrink-fitted onto the outer circumference of the inner sleeve even if the fixed shaft is expanded by the high temperature working medium. Since the thermal expansion of the outer sleeve is suppressed by the tensile residual stress of 1, the close contact between the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve is maintained. As a result, the thermal expansion of the fixed shaft as a whole depends on the thermal expansion of the inner sleeve made of a material having a low coefficient of thermal expansion, which suppresses the change in the outer diameter of the fixed shaft and slides between it and the rotating shaft. The surface clearance can be stabilized.

According to the invention described in claim 3,
A rotor that is rotatably housed in a casing, a hollow rotating shaft that rotates integrally with the rotor, a fixed shaft that is fixed to the casing, and a high temperature gas-phase working medium that is formed on the fixed shaft and the sliding surface of the rotating shaft. In a rotary fluid machine equipped with a rotary valve for controlling supply / discharge of a metal, an outer sleeve made of metal is shrink-fitted to the outer circumference of an inner sleeve formed of a material having a coefficient of thermal expansion lower than that of metal at least on the inner periphery of the rotary shaft. A rotary fluid machine characterized in that at least the outer peripheral portion of the fixed shaft is formed by shrink-fitting an outer sleeve made of metal on the outer periphery of an inner sleeve formed of a material having a coefficient of thermal expansion lower than that of metal. Is proposed.

According to the above construction, at least the inner peripheral portion of the rotary shaft, which is provided integrally with the rotor and is rotatably supported by bringing the sliding surface into contact with the fixed shaft in an airtight state, has a coefficient of thermal expansion lower than that of metal. Since the outer sleeve made of metal is shrink-fitted to the outer circumference of the inner sleeve made of the above material, even if the rotary shaft expands due to the high temperature gas-phase working medium, the metal shrink-fitted to the outer circumference of the inner sleeve. The thermal expansion of the outer sleeve is suppressed by the tensile residual stress of the outer sleeve made of steel, so that the close contact between the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve is maintained. Further, at least the outer peripheral portion of the fixed shaft, which is fixed to the casing and contacts the sliding surface in an airtight state so as to rotatably support the rotating shaft, has a metal on the outer periphery of the inner sleeve formed of a material having a thermal expansion coefficient lower than that of the metal. Since the outer shaft made of metal is shrink-fitted, even if the fixed shaft expands due to the high-temperature working medium, the tensile residual stress of the metal outer sleeve shrink-fitted to the outer periphery of the inner sleeve causes the outer Since the thermal expansion of the sleeve is suppressed, the close contact between the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve is maintained. As a result, the thermal expansion of the entire rotating shaft depends on the thermal expansion of the inner sleeve formed of a material having a low thermal expansion coefficient, and the change of the inner diameter of the rotating shaft is suppressed, and the thermal expansion of the entire fixed shaft has a low thermal expansion coefficient. The change in the outer diameter of the fixed shaft is suppressed depending on the thermal expansion of the inner sleeve formed of the material, and the synergistic effect can stabilize the clearance of the sliding surface between the rotary shaft and the fixed shaft.

According to the invention described in claim 4,
In addition to the configuration of claim 2 or claim 3, there is proposed a rotary fluid machine characterized in that a metal outer sleeve of a fixed shaft is coated with a low-friction material on the outer circumference.

According to the above construction, the metal outer sleeve of the fixed shaft is coated with a low friction material which is difficult to apply to a material having a low coefficient of expansion such as ceramics. The frictional resistance can be further reduced.

The steam of the examples corresponds to the vapor-phase working medium of the present invention.

[0017]

1 to 21 show an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a waste heat recovery system for an internal combustion engine, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line 2-2 of FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of an expander corresponding to FIG. 3, FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view around the axis of FIG. 2, FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line 4-4 of FIG. 2, and FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line 5-5 of FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line 6-6 of FIG. 2, FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along line 7-7 of FIG. 5, FIG. 8 is a sectional view taken along line 8-8 of FIG. 5, and FIG. 9 is sectional view 9-9 of FIG.
11 is a sectional view taken along line 10-10 of FIG.
FIG. 12 is an exploded perspective view of a rotor, FIG. 12 is an exploded perspective view of a lubricating water distributor of the rotor, FIG. 13 is a schematic view showing a cross-sectional shape of a rotor chamber and a rotor, and FIG. 14 is a rotary valve and a fixed shaft support spring. 3 is an enlarged view of an essential part of FIG. 3, FIG. 15 is an enlarged view of an essential part of FIG. 2, showing an outer peripheral surface of the fixed shaft, FIG. 16 is a sectional view taken along line 16-16 of FIG. 14, and FIG. FIG. 18 is an enlarged view of the nozzle member, and FIG. 19 is 1 of FIG.
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 9-19, FIG. 20 is a diagram for explaining the operation when the fixed sleeve is shrink-fitted, and FIG. 21 is a graph showing the relationship between thermal expansion of the fixed shaft and the rotary shaft.

In FIG. 1, a waste heat recovery device 2 for an internal combustion engine 1 uses a waste heat (for example, exhaust gas) of the internal combustion engine 1 as a heat source to vaporize a high-pressure liquid (for example, water) in a high-temperature and high-pressure state. And an expander 4 that generates an output by expansion of the vapor, and a condenser 5 that converts pressure energy into mechanical energy in the expander 4 to liquefy vapor whose temperature and pressure have dropped. , A supply pump 6 that pressurizes the liquid (for example, water) from the condenser 5 and supplies it to the evaporator 3 again.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the casing 11 of the expander 4 is made of metal first and second casing halves 1.
It is composed of 2 and 13. First and second casing halves 1
2 and 13 are composed of main body portions 12a and 13a that cooperate with each other to form the rotor chamber 14, and circular flanges 12b and 13b that are integrally connected to the outer peripheries of the main body portions 12a and 13a. It is connected via the metal gasket 15. The outer surface of the first casing half body 12 is covered with a deep pot-shaped outer wall 16 of the relay chamber, and a circular flange 16a integrally connected to the outer periphery of the first casing half body 12 is superposed on the left side surface of the circular flange 12b of the first casing half body 12. . The outer surface of the second casing half 13 is
A circular flange 1 that is covered with an outer wall 17 of an exhaust chamber that houses a magnetic coupling (not shown) that transmits the output of the expander 4 to the outside, and is integrally connected to the outer periphery thereof.
7a is superposed on the right side surface of the circular flange 13b of the second casing half body 13. The four circular flanges 12b, 13b, 16a, 17a are fastened together by a plurality of bolts 18 arranged in the circumferential direction. The relay chamber 19 is partitioned between the relay chamber outer wall 16 and the first casing half body 12, and the exhaust chamber 20 is partitioned between the exhaust chamber outer wall 17 and the second casing half body 13. The exhaust chamber outer wall 17 is provided with an exhaust port (not shown) that guides the temperature-lowered step-down steam that has finished work in the expander 4 to the condenser 5.

Body portion 12 of both casing halves 12, 13.
a and 13a are hollow bearing cylinders 12c and 1 that protrude outward to the left and right.
3c, and these hollow bearing cylinders 12c, 13c
The outer sleeve 21 having the hollow portion 21a is rotatably supported by the pair of bearing members 22 and 23. As a result, the axis L of the outer sleeve 21 passes through the intersection of the major axis and the minor axis in the rotor chamber 14 having a substantially elliptical shape.
The outer sleeve 21 made of metal cooperates with an inner sleeve 85 made of ceramic, which will be described later, to form the rotary shaft 113.

A seal block 25 is housed inside a lubricating water introducing member 24 that is screwed into the right end of the second casing half 13 and is fixed by a nut 26. The small diameter portion 21b at the right end of the outer sleeve 21 is supported inside the seal block 25, and the pair of seal members 27, 27 are arranged between the seal block 25 and the small diameter portion 21b. A pair of seal members 28, 28 are arranged between them, and further, a seal member 29 is arranged between the lubricating water introducing member 24 and the second casing half body 13. Further, the filter 30 is fitted in the recess formed on the outer periphery of the hollow bearing cylinder 13c of the second casing half body 13,
Filter cap 31 screwed to the casing half 13
To prevent it from coming off. A pair of seal members 32, 3 between the filter cap 31 and the second casing half 13
3 is provided.

As is clear from FIGS. 4 and 13, the rotor 41 having a circular shape is rotatably housed inside the rotor chamber 14 having a pseudo elliptical shape. The rotor 41 is fitted into the outer circumference of the outer sleeve 21 and is integrally coupled, and the axis of the rotor 41 and the axis of the rotor chamber 14 are aligned with the axis L of the outer sleeve 21. The shape of the rotor chamber 14 when viewed in the direction of the axis L is a pseudo ellipse similar to a rhombus with four vertices rounded, and its major axis D
Equipped with L and short diameter DS. The rotor 41 viewed in the direction of the axis L
Is a perfect circle and has a diameter DR slightly smaller than the minor axis DS of the rotor chamber 14.

The cross-sectional shapes of the rotor chamber 14 and the rotor 41 as viewed in the direction orthogonal to the axis L are track-like for athletics. That is, the cross-sectional shape of the rotor chamber 14 includes a pair of flat surfaces 14a, 14a extending in parallel at a distance d, and an arc surface 14b having a central angle of 180 ° that smoothly connects the outer circumferences of the flat surfaces 14a, 14a. Similarly, the rotor 41 has a sectional shape of a pair of flat surfaces 41a, 41a extending in parallel at a distance d, and an arc having a central angle of 180 ° for smoothly connecting the outer circumferences of the flat surfaces 41a, 41a. And a surface 41b. Therefore, the flat surfaces 14a, 14a of the rotor chamber 14 and the flat surfaces 41a, 41a of the rotor 41 are in contact with each other, and a pair of crescent-shaped spaces are formed between the inner peripheral surface of the rotor chamber 14 and the outer peripheral surface of the rotor 41. (See FIG. 4) is formed.

Next, the structure of the rotor 41 will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 3 to 6 and FIG.

The rotor 41 is composed of a rotor core 42 integrally formed on the outer circumference of the outer sleeve 21, and twelve rotor segments 43 ... Which are fixed so as to cover the periphery of the rotor core 42 and form the outer shell of the rotor 41. It The rotor core 42 is made of ceramic (or carbon) 12
The cylinders 44 of the book are radially attached at intervals of 30 ° and are prevented from coming off by the clips 45. Each cylinder 44
A small-diameter portion 44a is provided on the inner end of the small-diameter portion 44a.
The base end of a is sealed between the inner sleeve 85 and the C-seal 46. The tip of the small diameter portion 44a is fitted to the outer peripheral surface of the hollow inner sleeve 85, and
b communicates with the first and second steam passages S1; S2, S2 inside the fixed shaft 102 through twelve third steam passages S3 ... Which penetrate the small diameter portion 44a and the rotary shaft 113. A ceramic piston 47 is slidably fitted inside each cylinder 44. When the piston 47 moves to the innermost side in the radial direction, it completely retracts inside the cylinder bore 44b, and when it moves to the outermost side in the radial direction, about half of its entire length projects to the outside of the cylinder bore 44b.

Each rotor segment 43 is a hollow wedge-shaped member having a central angle of 30 °, and extends in an arc shape around the axis L on the surface of the rotor chamber 14 facing the pair of flat surfaces 14a, 14a. Two recesses 43a,
43b is formed, and the lubricating water jet ports 43c and 43d are opened at the centers of the recesses 43a and 43b. In addition, the end surface of the rotor segment 43, that is, the vane 48 described later.
The four lubricating water jets 43e, 43e on the surface facing
43f and 43f open.

The rotor 41 is assembled in the following manner. The cylinder 44, the clip 45, and the C-seal 46 are attached to the outer periphery of the rotor core 42 in advance.
12 rotor vanes 4 formed between adjacent rotor segments 43 ... by fitting the rotor segments 43 ...
Fit the vanes 48 ... to 9 ... At this time, vane 4
In order to form a predetermined clearance between 8 and the rotor segments 43, shims having a predetermined thickness are provided on both sides of the vanes 48. In this state, a jig is used to attach the rotor segments 43 and the vanes 48 to the rotor core 42.
To the rotor core 42, the rotor segments 43 ... Are precisely positioned with respect to the rotor core 42, and then the rotor segments 43 ...
... (see FIG. 8) to temporarily fix the rotor core 42. Subsequently, two knock pin holes 51, 51 penetrating the rotor core 42 are co-machined in each rotor segment 43, and four knock pins 52 ... Are press-fitted into these knock pin holes 51, 51 to press the rotor segment 43 into the rotor segment 43. To join.

As is apparent from FIGS. 8, 9 and 12, a through hole 53 penetrating the rotor segment 43 and the rotor core 42 is formed between the two knock pin holes 51, 51, and the through hole 53 is formed. Concave portions 54, 54 are formed at both ends of, respectively. Two pipe members 55 and 56 are fitted inside the through hole 53 via seal members 57 to 60, and an orifice forming plate 61 and a lubricating water distribution member 62 are fitted in the respective recesses 54. It is fixed with a nut 63. The orifice forming plate 61 and the lubricating water distribution member 62 are
Of the knocking pin holes 61a, 61a of the lubricating water distributing member 62 fitted into the knocking pin holes 62a, 62a of the lubricating water distributing member 62 are prevented from rotating with respect to the rotor segment 43, and the lubricating water distributing member 62 and Nut 6
An O-ring 65 seals between the three.

The small diameter portion 55a formed on the outer end portion of the one pipe member 55 is provided with the pipe member 55 through the through hole 55b.
The small diameter portion 55a communicates with the sixth water passage W6 in the inside, and communicates with a radial distribution groove 62b formed on one side surface of the lubricating water distribution member 62. Distribution groove 62b of the lubricating water distribution member 62
Extend in six directions, and the tips of the six orifices 61b, 61b of the orifice forming plate 61;
c, 61c; communicates with 61d, 61d. The structures of the orifice forming plate 61, the lubricating water distribution member 62, and the nut 63 provided at the outer end portion of the other pipe member 56 are the same as the structures of the orifice forming plate 61, the lubricating water distribution member 62, and the nut 63 described above. Is.

The downstream side of the two orifices 61b, 61b of the orifice forming plate 61 is opened so as to face the vane 48 via the seventh water passages W7, W7 formed inside the rotor segment 43. The rotor segment 43 is connected to the two lubricating water jet ports 43e and 43e, and the downstream side of the other two orifices 61c and 61c is the rotor segment 43.
Via the eighth water passages W8, W8 formed inside of the above, communicating with the two lubricating water jet openings 43f, 43f opening so as to face the vanes 48, and further two other orifices 61d, 61d. The downstream side of the above is communicated with the two lubricating water jet outlets 43c and 43d opened so as to face the rotor chamber 14 via the ninth water passages W9 and W9 formed inside the rotor segment 43.

As is clear from referring to FIG. 5 together,
An annular groove 67 defined by a pair of O-rings 66, 66 is formed on the outer periphery of the cylinder 44, and a sixth water passage W6 formed inside one of the pipe members 55 penetrates the pipe member 55. The individual through holes 55c and the tenth water passage W10 formed inside the rotor core 42 communicate with the annular groove 67. Then, the annular groove 67 is connected to the cylinder bore 44b and the piston 4 via the orifice 44c.
It communicates with the sliding surface of 7. Orifice 44 of cylinder 44
The position of c is set to a position that does not come off from the sliding surface of the piston 47 when the piston 47 moves between the top dead center and the bottom dead center.

As is apparent from FIGS. 3 and 9, the first water passage W1 formed in the lubricating water introducing member 24 is the second water passage W2 formed in the seal block 25 and the outer sleeve 2.
The third water passage W3 formed in the small diameter portion 21b of No. 1, the annular groove 68a formed in the outer periphery of the water passage forming member 68 fitted in the center of the outer sleeve 21, the fourth water passage W4 formed in the outer sleeve 21, A small diameter of the one pipe member 55 is provided via a pipe member 69 that straddles the rotor core 42 and the rotor segment 43 and a fifth water passage W5, W5 formed so as to bypass the knock pin 52 on the radially inner side of the rotor segment 43. It communicates with the part 55a.

As shown in FIGS. 7, 9 and 11, twelve vane grooves 49 extending radially are formed between the adjacent rotor segments 43 of the rotor 41.
The plate-shaped vanes 48 are slidably fitted in the vane grooves 49. Each vane 48 has parallel surfaces 48 a, 4 along the parallel surfaces 14 a, 14 a of the rotor chamber 14.
8a, a circular arc surface 48b along the circular arc surface 14b of the rotor chamber 14, and a notch 48c located between the parallel surfaces 48a, 48a, and is formed in a substantially U-shape from the parallel surfaces 48a, 48a. A pair of protruding support shafts 48d, 48
The rollers 71, 71 having a roller bearing structure are rotatably supported by d.

A U-shaped seal member 72 made of synthetic resin is held on the arc surface 48b of the vane 48, and the tip of the seal member 72 has an arc surface 4 of the vane 48.
8b slightly projecting from the circular arc surface 1 of the rotor chamber 14
Sliding contact with 4b. Two recesses 48e and 48e are formed on both side surfaces of the vane 48, respectively.
8e and 48e are opposed to the two lubricating water jet outlets 43e and 43e on the inner side in the radial direction, which are open at the end surface of the rotor segment 43. A piston receiving member 73 protruding inward in the radial direction is provided at the center of the notch 48 c of the vane 48, and
Abuts on the radially outer end of the.

As is apparent from FIG. 4, the flat surfaces 14a, 14a of the rotor chamber 14 defined by the first and second casing halves 12, 13 have a pseudo ellipse similar to a rhombus with four vertices rounded. Annular grooves 74, 74 are recessed, and the pair of rollers 71, 71 of each vane 48 are rotatably engaged with both annular grooves 74, 74. These circular grooves 74, 74 and the circular arc surface 14 of the rotor chamber 14.
The distance between b is constant over the entire circumference. Therefore, the rotor 4
When 1 rotates, the vanes 48 guided by the rollers 71, 71 in the annular grooves 74, 74 reciprocate in the vane groove 49 in the radial direction, and the sealing member 72 mounted on the arc surface 48b of the vane 48 is compressed by a certain amount. Rotor chamber 1
It slides along the circular arc surface 14b. This prevents the rotor chambers 14 and the vanes 48 from coming into direct solid contact with each other, and prevents the increase of sliding resistance and the occurrence of wear, while the vane chambers 75 partitioned between the adjacent vanes 48.
Can reliably seal ...

As is clear from FIG. 2, the annular grooves 74, 7 are formed in the flat surfaces 14a, 14a of the rotor chamber 14.
A pair of circular seal grooves 76, 76 are formed so as to surround the outer side of 4. A pair of ring seals 79 having two O-rings 77 and 78 are slidably fitted in the respective circular seal grooves 76, and the sealing surfaces thereof are recesses 43a formed in the respective rotor segments 43, 43b (see FIG. 4)
Is facing. The pair of ring seals 79, 79 are prevented from rotating with respect to the first and second casing halves 12, 13 by knock pins 80, 80, respectively.

As is apparent from FIGS. 2, 3, 10 and 14, the opening 16b is formed in the center of the outer wall 16 of the relay chamber.
And the boss portion 81a of the spring support member 81 and the boss portion 82a of the fixed sleeve support member 82 arranged on the axis L are arranged on the inner surface of the opening 16b.
3, and the fixed sleeve support member 82 is fixed to the first casing half body 12 by the nut 84. A cylindrical inner sleeve 85 made of a material having a small coefficient of thermal expansion, such as ceramic, is fixed to the hollow portion 21a of the metal outer sleeve 21 by shrink fitting, and the inner sleeve 85 has an inner peripheral surface fixed to the inner sleeve 85. 86 is fitted so that relative rotation is possible. The fixed sleeve 86 includes an inner sleeve 87 made of a material having a small coefficient of thermal expansion such as ceramic,
The outer end of the outer sleeve 88 is made of a metal, which is integrally formed by shrink fitting on the outer periphery of the outer sleeve 88. The left end of the outer sleeve 88 is supported by the fixed sleeve support member 82 via an Oldham joint 89 that allows relative movement in the radial direction. At a position close to the Oldham's joint 89, the fixing sleeve 86 has the first casing half 1
The space between the two is sealed by the seal member 90.

Inside the hollow stationary sleeve 86, the steam supply pipe 91, the first stationary shaft 92, the second stationary shaft 93, and the third stationary shaft 93 are provided.
A fixed shaft 94 and a fixed shaft support spring 95 are arranged. The steam supply pipe 91 arranged on the axis L penetrates the boss 81 a of the spring support member 81 and is fixed by the nut 97. The first fixed shaft 92 is a pipe-shaped member whose right end is closed, and the right end of the steam supply pipe 91 is fitted into the left end opening thereof. The inner sleeve 87 of the fixed sleeve 86 has a thick portion 87a protruding inward in the radial direction, and between the inner periphery of the thick portion 87a and the outer periphery of the first fixed shaft 92,
The second fixed shaft 9 which is a pipe-shaped member whose central portion is closed
3 is sandwiched between the thick portion 87a of the inner sleeve 87 and the second portion
Sealing members 98 and 99 are arranged between the fixed shaft 93 and the fixed shaft 93. The screw part at the right end of the second fixed shaft 93 is screwed onto the inner peripheral surface of the third fixed shaft 94, which is a pipe-shaped member with the right end closed, and two screws are provided at the right end of the third fixed shaft 94. The sealing members 100 and 101 of the above contact the inner peripheral surface of the inner sleeve 87 of the fixed sleeve 86 and the inner peripheral surface of the outer sleeve 21 of the rotating shaft 113, respectively.

The fixed sleeve 86, the first fixed shaft 92,
The second fixed shaft 93 and the third fixed shaft 94 form the fixed shaft 102 of the present invention.

As best shown in FIGS. 14 and 19, the fixed shaft support spring 95 arranged on the outer periphery of the steam supply pipe 91 has a multiple cylindrical support portion extending rightward from the boss portion 81 a of the spring support member 81. Constituting cylindrical spring portion 81b
And a cylindrical spring portion 93a that also extends to the left from the central portion of the second fixed shaft 93 and that also constitutes a multiple cylindrical support portion. That is, the fixed shaft support spring 95 includes seven cylindrical springs 103a, 103b, 1 arranged concentrically around the axis L.
03c; 104a, 104b, 104c; 105, and three cylindrical springs 103a, 103b, which are fitted to the outer periphery of the cylindrical spring portion 81b of the spring supporting member 81 with a gap.
Three cylindrical springs 104a, 104b, 104c, 103c of which are alternately welded at their ends and which are fitted around the cylindrical spring portion 93a of the second fixed shaft 93 with a gap.
Are alternately welded at the ends, and both ends of the outermost peripheral cylindrical spring 105 are connected to the inner cylindrical springs 103c and 104c.
Be welded to.

As is apparent from FIGS. 10 and 14,
The second pinched by the first fixed shaft 92 and the inner sleeve 87
The two collars 106, 106 are fitted to the fixed shaft 93, and the two nozzle members 107, 107 are fitted to the thick portion 87a of the inner sleeve 87. A first steam passage S1 connected to the steam supply pipe 91 is axially formed in the center of the first fixed shaft 92, and the first fixed shaft 92 and the second fixed shaft 9 are formed.
3 and the fixing sleeve 86 include the collars 106, 1
06 and the nozzle members 107, two second steam passages S2, S2 passing through the inside are radially penetrated with a phase difference of 180 °. As described above, the small diameter portions 44a of the twelve cylinders 44 held by the rotor 41 fixed to the rotary shaft 113 at 30 ° intervals and the inner sleeve 85 of the rotary shaft 113 include the twelve third steam passages S3. The inner ends of the third steam passages S3 ... In the radial direction oppose the outer ends of the second steam passages S2, S2 in the radial direction so that they can communicate with each other.

A pair of notches 86a, 86a are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the thick portion 87a of the fixed sleeve 86 with a phase difference of 180 °, and these notches 86a, 86a can communicate with the third steam passages S3. Is. Notches 86a, 8
6a and the relay chamber 19 are fixed to the four fourth steam passages S4 formed in the fixed sleeve 86 in the axial direction, the fifth steam passage S5 formed inside the fixed sleeve 86 and the fixed sleeve support member 82, and fixed. The sleeve support member 82 communicates with each other through through holes 82b ... Opening to the outer periphery of the boss portion 82a.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, the first casing half 12 and the second casing half 13 have a lead side 15 in the rotational direction R of the rotor 41 with reference to the minor axis direction of the rotor chamber 14. A plurality of intake ports 108 ... Which are aligned in the radial direction are formed at the position of °. The intake port 108 allows the internal space of the rotor chamber 14 to communicate with the relay chamber 19. The second casing half 1
3, a plurality of exhaust ports 109 are formed at positions of 15 ° to 75 ° on the delay side of the rotation direction R of the rotor 41 with respect to the minor axis direction of the rotor chamber 14. The exhaust port 109 allows the internal space of the rotor chamber 14 to communicate with the exhaust chamber 20. The exhaust ports 109 ... Open into the shallow recesses 13d, 13d formed inside the second casing half 13 so that the sealing members 72 of the vanes 48 ... Are not damaged at the edges of the exhaust ports 109.

The second steam passages S2, S2, the third steam passage S3, ... And the notches 86a, 86 of the fixed sleeve 86.
The a and the third steam passages S3 ... Configure a rotary valve V that periodically communicates with the fixed shaft 102 and the rotary shaft 113 (see FIG. 10).

As is apparent from FIG. 17, the first fixed shaft 9
A plurality of notches 92a are formed in the outer peripheral portion of the left end of 2, and the convex portions 92b formed between these notches 92a.
Contacts the cylindrical spring 93a of the fixed shaft support spring 95. Even if the temperature of the first fixed shaft 92, through which the high-temperature high-pressure steam passes, rises, the heat transferred to the fixed-shaft support spring 95 is minimized by bringing only the convex portions 92b ... Abutting the cylindrical spring 93a. Can be suppressed to

As is apparent from FIG. 18, an annular groove 107 is formed on the outer circumference of the nozzle member 107 fitted in the inner sleeve 87.
a is formed, and further, a plurality of notches 107 are formed at the end thereof.
b ... is formed. As a result, the heat of the nozzle member 107, through which the high-temperature and high-pressure steam passes through, heats the inner sleeve 87.
Can be minimized.

As is apparent from FIGS. 14 to 16, a plurality of (12 in the embodiment) port holes 88 are arranged in an annular shape at two positions of the outer sleeve 88 that sandwich the rotary valve V.
d are formed, and the port hole 8 is formed in the inner sleeve 87.
Two port grooves 87d, 87d communicating with 8d ... Are formed in an annular shape. Port hole 88d ... and port groove 87
d, 87d are the inner sleeve 87 and the outer sleeve 8
Two passages 87 formed in the connecting surface 8 in the direction of the axis L
b, 87b and an annular groove 87 formed in the inner sleeve 87
c and a through hole 88a formed in the outer sleeve 88 to communicate with the relay chamber 19. A plurality of spiral grooves 88b extending in a spiral shape are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the outer sleeve 88 on the axially outer sides of the two rows of port holes 88d. The spiral groove 8 is provided on both sides of the two rows of port holes 88d.
The inclination directions of 8b ... Are opposite to each other. Further, two abrasion powder collecting grooves 88c, 88c are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the outer sleeve 88 on the inner side in the axial direction of the two rows of port holes 88d.

As is apparent from FIG. 2, the pressure chambers 110, 1 are formed on the back surfaces of the ring seals 79, 79 fitted in the circular seal grooves 76, 76 of the first and second casing halves 12, 13.
10 is formed, and the first and second casing halves 1 are formed.
The eleventh water passage W11 formed in Nos. 2 and 13 communicates with both pressure chambers 110, 110 via a twelfth water passage W12 and a thirteenth water passage W13, which are pipes.
The ring seals 79, 79 are urged toward the side surface of the rotor 41 by the water pressure applied to 0, 110.

The eleventh water passage W11 communicates with the outer peripheral surface of the ring-shaped filter 30 through the fourteenth water passage W14 formed of a pipe, and the inner peripheral surface of the filter 30 is formed in the second casing half 13 in the fifteenth portion. The 16th water passage W16 formed in the 2nd casing half body 13 is open for free passage via water passage W15. The water supplied to the 16th water passage W16 is fixed shaft 10
The sliding surfaces of the second outer sleeve 88 and the inner sleeve 85 of the rotary shaft 113 are lubricated. Further, the water supplied from the inner peripheral surface of the filter 30 to the outer peripheral surface of the bearing member 23 via the seventeenth water passage W17 lubricates the outer peripheral surface of the outer sleeve 21 of the rotating shaft 113 through the orifice penetrating the bearing member 23. By constructing a hydrostatic bearing and supporting it in a floating state, the frictional force is reduced and seizure is prevented. On the other hand, the water supplied from the eleventh water passage W11 to the outer circumference of the bearing member 22 via the eighteenth water passage W18 made of a pipe passes through an orifice penetrating the bearing member 22 and flows onto the outer circumferential surface of the outer sleeve 21 of the rotating shaft 113. The outer sleeve 88 of the fixed shaft 102 and the rotating shaft 11 are lubricated.
The sliding surface of the inner sleeve 85 of No. 3 is lubricated.

Next, the operation of this embodiment having the above structure will be described.

First, the operation of the expander 4 will be described.
In FIG. 3, the high-temperature high-pressure steam from the evaporator 3 has a first steam passage S passing through the center of the steam supply pipe 91 and the fixed shaft 102.
1, is supplied to the pair of second steam passages S2, S2 that penetrate the fixed shaft 102 in the radial direction. In FIG. 10, when the inner sleeve 85 that rotates integrally with the rotor 41 and the outer sleeve 21 in the direction of arrow R reaches a predetermined phase with respect to the fixed shaft 102, the rotational direction R of the rotor 41 from the minor axis position of the rotor chamber 14. The pair of third steam passages S3, S3 existing on the advancing side of No. 2 communicate with the pair of second steam passages S2, S2,
The high-temperature high-pressure steam in the second steam passages S2, S2 is supplied to the inside of the pair of cylinders 44, 44 via the third steam passages S3, S3, and presses the pistons 47, 47 radially outward. In FIG. 4, when the vanes 48, 48 pressed by these pistons 47, 47 move outward in the radial direction,
The forward movement of the pistons 47, 47 is converted into the rotational movement of the rotor 41 by the engagement of the pair of rollers 71, 71 provided on the vanes 48, 48 with the annular grooves 74, 74.

As the rotor 41 rotates, the second steam passage S
Even after the communication between S2 and S2 and the third steam passages S3 and S3 is cut off, the high temperature and high pressure steam in the cylinders 44 and 44 continues to expand, so that the pistons 47 and 47 are further advanced. The rotation of the rotor 41 is continued.
When the vanes 48, 48 reach the major axis position of the rotor chamber 14, the third steam passages S3, S3 connected to the corresponding cylinders 44, 44 communicate with the pair of notches 86a, 86a formed on the outer peripheral surface of the fixed sleeve 86, Rollers 71, 71
The pistons 47, 47 pressed by the vanes 48, 48 guided by the annular grooves 74, 74 move inward in the radial direction, so that the steam in the cylinders 44, 44 has the third steam passages S3, S3 and the notches 86a. , 86a, fourth steam passage S
4, S4, the fifth steam passage S5, and the through holes 82b ... The first temperature-falling step-down steam is the steam supply pipe 91.
The high-temperature and high-pressure steam supplied from the above has finished the work of driving the pistons 47, 47, and the temperature and pressure have dropped. Although the thermal energy and pressure energy of the first temperature-falling step-down steam are lower than those of the high-temperature high-pressure steam, they still have sufficient thermal energy and pressure energy to drive the vanes 48 ...

The first temperature-decreasing depressurized steam in the relay chamber 19 is the intake port 1 of the first and second casing halves 12 and 13.
08 is supplied to the vane chambers 75 in the rotor chamber 14 and further expanded there to press the vanes 48 to rotate the rotor 41. And the second temperature-decreasing step-down steam, whose temperature and pressure have further decreased after finishing the work,
From the exhaust port 109 of the second casing half body 13, the gas is discharged into the exhaust chamber 20, and then supplied to the condenser 5.

Thus, the expansion of the high-temperature high-pressure steam causes 1
The two pistons 47 ...
71, the rotor 41 is rotated through the annular grooves 74, 74, and the output of the rotary shaft 113 is output by rotating the rotor 41 through the vanes 48 by the expansion of the first temperature-reduced step-down steam in which the high-temperature high-pressure steam has cooled and reduced. can get.

Next, the lubrication of the vanes 48 and the pistons 47 of the expander 4 with water will be described.

The water for lubrication is supplied by using the supply pump 6 (see FIG. 1) for supplying water from the condenser 5 to the evaporator 3 under pressure, and the water discharged by the supply pump 6 is supplied. A part is supplied to the first water passage W1 of the casing 11 for lubrication. By using the supply pump 6 for supplying water to the hydrostatic bearings of each part of the expander 4 in this way, a special pump is not required and the number of parts is reduced.

In FIGS. 3 and 8, the water supplied to the first water passage W1 of the lubricating water introducing member 24 is the second water passage W2 of the seal block 25, the third water passage W3 of the outer sleeve 21 ,. The annular groove 68a of the water passage forming member 68, the fourth water passage W4 of the outer sleeve 21, the pipe member 69, and the fifth water passages W5, W5 formed in the rotor segment 43.
Through the small diameter portion 55a of the one pipe member 55,
The water flowing into the small diameter portion 55a passes through the through hole 55b of one pipe member 55, the sixth water passage W6 formed in both pipe members 55 and 56 and the through hole 56b formed in the other pipe member 56, and It flows into the small diameter portion 56a of the other pipe member 56.

Small diameter portion 55 of each pipe member 55, 56
a, 56a to the distribution groove 62 of each lubricating water distribution member 62
Part of the water that has passed through the six orifices 61b, 61b; 61c, 61c; 61d, 61d of the orifice forming plate 61 via b, and has four lubricating water jet ports 43e, 43e opening to the end surface of the rotor segment 43. 43f, 4
3f, and the other part is ejected from the lubricating water ejection ports 43c and 43d in the arc-shaped recesses 43a and 43b formed on the side surface of the rotor segment 43.

Thus, the water jetted into the vane groove 49 from the lubricating water jet ports 43e, 43e; 43f, 43f on the end surface of each rotor segment 43 is a vane 48 slidably fitted in the vane groove 49. To form a hydrostatic bearing to support the vane 48 in a floating state.
The solid contact between the end face of 3 and the vane 48 is prevented to prevent seizure and abrasion. Like this, vane 48
By supplying water that lubricates the sliding surface of the rotor 41 through the water passage radially provided inside the rotor 41, not only the water can be pressurized by centrifugal force but also the temperature around the rotor 41 can be stabilized. The influence of thermal expansion can be reduced and the set clearance can be maintained to minimize steam leakage.

Further, since water is retained in the recesses 48e, 48e formed in two pieces on each side of the vane 48, the recesses 48e, 48e serve as pressure reservoirs and suppress the pressure drop due to water leakage. As a result, the vanes 48 sandwiched between the end surfaces of the pair of rotor segments 43, 43 are floated by the water, and the sliding resistance can be effectively reduced. Further, when the vane 48 reciprocates, the relative position of the vane 48 in the radial direction with respect to the rotor 41 changes, but the recesses 48e and 48e are provided not on the rotor segment 43 side but on the vane 48 side, and the vane 48 is most loaded. Since it is provided in the vicinity of the rollers 71, 71 on which the sliding motion is applied, it is possible to effectively keep the reciprocating vane 48 in a floating state and effectively reduce the sliding resistance.

The water that lubricates the sliding surface of the vane 48 with respect to the rotor segment 43 moves outward in the radial direction by the centrifugal force, and the sealing member 7 provided on the arc surface 48b of the vane 48.
2 lubricates the sliding portion between the circular arc surface 14b of the rotor chamber 14 and the rotor 2. The water that has been lubricated is stored in the rotor chamber 14
From the exhaust port 109.

In FIG. 2, the circular seal grooves 76, 76 of the first casing half 12 and the second casing half 13 are shown.
Water is supplied to the pressure chambers 110, 110 at the bottom of the rotors 41 to urge the ring seals 79, 79 toward the side surfaces of the rotor 41 and the recesses 43a, 43b of the rotor segments 43, respectively.
Inside the circular seal grooves 76, 76 by jetting water from the lubricating water outlets 43c, 43d formed in the inside of the rotor to form a hydrostatic bearing on the sliding surface with the flat surfaces 14a, 14a of the rotor chamber 14. Ring seal 7 floating in
The flat surfaces 41a, 41a of the rotor 41 can be sealed with 9, 79, and as a result, steam in the rotor chamber 14 can be prevented from leaking through the gap with the rotor 41. At this time, the ring seals 79, 79 and the rotor 41 are not separated from each other by the water film supplied from the lubricating water jets 43c, 43d and do not come into solid contact with each other, and even if the rotor 41 tilts, it follows the circular shape. Seal groove 76,
Due to the damper effect in which the ring seals 79, 79 in 76 tilt, it is possible to secure stable sealing performance while minimizing the frictional force.

The ring seals 79, 79 and the rotor 41 are
The water that lubricates the sliding parts of the
4 and is discharged from the casing 11 through the exhaust port 109.

Further, in FIG. 5, the cylinder 44 and the piston 47 slide from the sixth water passage W6 inside the pipe member 55 through the tenth water passage W10 inside the rotor segment 43 and the annular groove 67 on the outer periphery of the cylinder 44. The water supplied to the moving surface exhibits a sealing function due to the viscosity of the water film formed on the sliding surface, and the high-temperature high-pressure steam supplied to the cylinder 44 leaks through the sliding surface with the piston 47. Effectively prevent At this time, the cylinder 44 and the piston 47 pass through the inside of the expander 4 in the high temperature state.
Since the water supplied to the sliding surface of is heated, it is possible to minimize the decrease in the output of the expander 4 due to the cooling of the high-temperature high-pressure steam supplied to the cylinder 44 by the water. .

Moreover, since water, which is the same substance as steam, is used as the sealing medium, there is no problem even if water is mixed into the steam. For example, the cylinder 44 and the piston 4
When the sliding surface of 7 is sealed with oil, it is unavoidable that oil mixes with water or steam, so a special filter device for separating the oil is required. Further, the sliding surfaces of the cylinder 44 and the piston 47 are sealed by partially bypassing the water that lubricates the sliding surfaces of the vanes 48 and the vane grooves 49, so that the water that guides the water to the sliding surfaces is sealed. The structure can be simplified by eliminating the need to separately provide a passage.

By the way, in order to secure the steam sealing property in the rotary valve V, the rotary shaft 113 and the fixed shaft 10 are secured.
It is necessary to precisely control the clearance of the sliding surface of No. 2. When the expander 4 is cold, in the vicinity of the rotary valve V,
The fixed shaft 102, through which the high-temperature steam passes, thermally expands first, and the rotary shaft 113 delays and thermally expands. Therefore, the outer peripheral surface of the fixed shaft 102 wears due to the difference in the amount of thermal expansion. At this time, if the fixed shaft 102 is firmly fixed to the casing 11, rotation of the rotor 41 causes the fixed shaft 102 to rotate.
Since the outer peripheral surface of the rotor contacts unevenly and wears unevenly, there are problems that the sealing performance of steam in the rotary valve V is reduced, the sliding resistance is increased, the rotational behavior of the rotor 41 is deteriorated, and the like.

However, according to this embodiment, since the fixed shaft 102 is floatingly supported by the fixed shaft support spring 95 with respect to the casing 11, the rotational runout of the rotor 41 is transferred to the fixed shaft 102 via the rotary shaft 113. When transmitted, the follow-up effect exerted by the damper effect of the fixed shaft support spring 95 suppresses the rotational runout of the rotor 41 by the aligning action and increases the frictional resistance in the sliding portions of the fixed shaft 102 and the rotary shaft 113. It is possible to effectively avoid the occurrence of abnormal wear. In this way, if the outer peripheral surface of the fixed shaft 102 is uniformly worn by the action of the fixed shaft support spring 95, the expander 4
The clearance of the uniformly worn portion of the fixed shaft 102 during the hot state is uniformly narrowed, and the sealing property of the rotary valve V is secured. Since the left end of the fixed shaft 102 is supported via the Oldham's joint 89 so as to be non-rotatable and movable in the radial direction, the centering action of the fixed shaft 102 by the follow-up action exerted by the damper effect of the fixed shaft support spring 95. Can be exhibited without any hindrance.

Further, if the amount of thermal expansion of the fixed shaft 102 due to the heat of the steam is suppressed to be small, the wear of the outer peripheral surface of the fixed shaft 102 in the vicinity of the rotary valve V can be further reduced. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the fixed sleeve 86 is formed by shrink-fitting the outer sleeve 88 made of metal on the outer circumference of the inner sleeve 87 formed of ceramic or the like having a small coefficient of thermal expansion.

That is, as shown in FIG. 20A, the outer diameter Do of the inner sleeve 87 is equal to the outer sleeve 8 at room temperature.
20 is larger than the inner diameter Di of the inner sleeve 8. As shown in FIG. 20 (B), the outer sleeve 88 made of metal is heated and thermally expanded, so that the inner diameter Di 'is increased.
7 is larger than the outer diameter Do of the inner sleeve 8
An outer sleeve 88 is fitted around the outer circumference of 7. When the outer sleeve 88 is cooled and contracted from this state, FIG.
As shown in (C), the inner peripheral surface of the outer sleeve 88 comes into close contact with the outer peripheral surface of the inner sleeve 87, and the shrink fitting is completed.
In the state where the shrink fitting is completed, the outer sleeve 88 (see the chain line), whose inner diameter should originally decrease to Di, is blocked by the inner sleeve 87 and can shrink only to the inner diameter D ″ which is larger than Di. (Di <Di ″ <
D ′), the internal stress in the tensile direction acts on the outer sleeve 88.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 20D, when the outer sleeve 88 and the inner sleeve 87 are heated by steam, the thermal expansion of the outer sleeve 88 is canceled by the internal stress in the pulling direction, and the outer sleeve is 8
The outer diameter of 8 does not increase substantially. Actually, the outer diameter of the outer sleeve 88 is dominated by the small amount of thermal expansion of the inner sleeve 87 formed of ceramic or the like having a small coefficient of thermal expansion, and is expanded by the inner sleeve 87 to slightly increase. In this way, the inner sleeve 85 of the rotary shaft 113 is
Since a change in the outer diameter of the fixed sleeve 86 having the outer sleeve 88, which is a metal collar that easily slides with respect to the outside, due to thermal expansion can be suppressed by shrink fitting.
It is possible to minimize the wear of the outer peripheral surface of the fixed sleeve 86 and prevent the steam from leaking from the rotary valve V.

The outer sleeve 88 of the fixed sleeve 86
Since the outer sleeve 88 is made of metal, the outer sleeve 88 can be coated with a low-friction material, which is difficult to apply to the ceramic sleeve, and the inner sleeve 85 is coupled with the shrink fitting structure on the rotating shaft 113 side. It is possible to further reduce the frictional resistance between and, and to suppress the increase of the clearance to reduce the leak of steam.

The fixed sleeve 86 of the fixed shaft 102 described above.
Similarly, the rotating shaft 113 is also formed by integrally fitting the outer sleeve 21 made of metal to the outer circumference of the inner sleeve 85 made of ceramic by shrink fitting, and the outer sleeve 21 is in a state where internal stress in the tensile direction acts. Become.

Next, the effect of the shrink fitting will be described with reference to FIG.

FIG. 21D corresponds to a conventional example in which both the rotary shaft 113 and the fixed shaft 102 are made of metal, and when the cold state, the high temperature steam is passed through the fixed shaft 102 to the rotary valve V. When supplied, first, the fixed shaft 102 side largely thermally expands and comes into contact with the inner peripheral surface of the rotating shaft 113, and wear of the sliding surface occurs between points a and b. It should be noted that this wear occurs only during the first operation of the expander 4 after assembly. Fixed shaft 102 and rotating shaft 113
When the temperature of both is sufficiently hot, the rotating shaft 1
The expansion amount of 13 becomes larger than the expansion amount of the fixed shaft 102, and the clearance between the two gradually increases. As described above, in the conventional case, the fixed shaft 102 and the rotary shaft 113 both thermally expand, causing wear of the sliding surface and an increase in the clearance during hot.

On the other hand, FIG. 21 (A) shows the characteristics of the present embodiment in which both the rotary shaft 113 and the fixed shaft 102 are shrink-fitted, and the rotary shaft 1 from cold to hot.
The radii of the fixed shaft 13 and the fixed shaft 102 hardly change, and the clearance between the sliding surfaces of the fixed shaft 102 and the fixed shaft 102 is always kept substantially constant.

FIG. 21B shows the characteristics when shrink fitting is adopted only on the rotating shaft 113 side. The fixed shaft 102 side thermally expands with the start of steam supply, and the rotating shaft hardly thermally expands. The outer peripheral surface of the fixed shaft 102 is worn by coming into contact with the inner peripheral surface of 113. This wear is caused by the expander 4 after assembly.
This occurs only during the first operation, and once the rubbing due to wear is completed, the clearance between the two sliding surfaces is always kept substantially constant in the subsequent operation.

FIG. 21C shows the characteristics when shrink fitting is adopted only on the fixed shaft 102 side. The rotary shaft 113 side thermally expands with the start of the supply of steam, and the rotary shaft almost does not thermally expand. Although the clearance between the fixed shaft 102 and the rotating shaft 113 gradually increases, the contact between the fixed shaft 102 and the rotating shaft 113 is avoided, so that no wear occurs and the sliding resistance between the two can be minimized.

As described above, the maximum effect is exhibited when the shrink fitting is adopted for both the rotary shaft 113 and the fixed shaft 102, but the shrink fitting is adopted for only one of the rotary shaft 113 and the fixed shaft 102. Even in this case, a predetermined effect can be obtained.

Even if the leak of steam from the rotary valve V is prevented as described above, it is inevitable that some steam leaks to the sliding surfaces of the rotary shaft 113 and the fixed shaft 102. The leaked vapor is formed in an annular shape on the outer peripheral surface of the fixed sleeve 86 by the port holes 88d ... And the port groove 87.
d, 87d, from which two passages 8 are formed in the mating surfaces of the inner sleeve 87 and the outer sleeve 88.
7b, 87b and the annular groove 8 formed in the inner sleeve 87
7c and the through hole 88a formed in the outer sleeve 88, and is supplied to the relay chamber 19. Relay chamber 19
Is supplied to the vanes 48 by being combined with the first temperature-lowering step-down steam that has finished driving the pistons 47. As described above, by capturing the steam leaking from the rotary valve V in the port holes 88d ... And the port grooves 87d, 87d and reusing it, it is possible to contribute to the improvement of the energy efficiency of the expander 4 as a whole.

When the metallic outer sleeve 88 of the fixed sleeve 86 is worn by sliding with the ceramic inner sleeve 85 of the rotary shaft 113, the abrasion powder is supplemented by the abrasion powder formed on the outer peripheral surface of the outer sleeve 88. Collection grooves 88c, 8
8c, fixed sleeve 86 and rotating shaft 113
Of the inner sleeve 85 is prevented from accumulating on the sliding surface. As a result, it is possible to avoid an increase in frictional resistance and the occurrence of seizure on the sliding surface.

The stationary sleeve 86 and the inner sleeve 85 of the rotary shaft 113 are supplied from the sixteenth water passage W16.
Water that lubricates the sliding surfaces of the rotating shaft 113 and the water that lubricates the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft 113 through the orifices penetrating the bearing members 22 and 23 and the sliding surfaces of the fixed sleeve 86 and the inner sleeve 85 of the rotating shaft 113. But the fixed sleeve 8
Port holes 88d formed on the outer periphery of 6 and port groove 8
When flowing into the relay chamber 19 via 7d and 87d,
There is a possibility that the output of the expander 4 may decrease because the first temperature-falling pressure-reduced steam in the relay chamber 19 is cooled.

However, according to this embodiment, water that lubricates the sliding surfaces of the fixed sleeve 86 and the inner sleeve 85 of the rotary shaft 113 is supplied with water from both ends of the fixed sleeve 86 to the central port holes 88d ... And the port grooves 87d. When flowing toward 87d, by the action of the spiral grooves 88b formed on the outer circumference of the outer sleeve 88, it is possible to generate a pressure that pushes back the lubricating water so as to separate it from the port holes 88d and the port grooves 87d, 87d. That is, the relative rotation between the inner sleeve 85 and the fixed sleeve 86 of the rotary shaft 113 pressurizes the lubricating water retained in the spiral grooves 88b by the action of the screw pump, and the port holes 88d and the port grooves 87.
It is pushed back so as to separate from d and 87d.

When the spiral grooves 88b ... Are connected to the port holes 88d ... And the port grooves 87d, 87d without being divided into short pieces, the high pressure lubricating water passes through the inside of the spiral grooves 88b. ... and port grooves 87d, 87
Although there is a possibility that it will flow into d, the above problem is solved by shortly dividing the spiral grooves 88b.

The first water passage W1 and the eleventh water passage W11
, And supplies water at the required pressure in each lubrication section. Specifically, since the water supplied from the first water passage W1 mainly supports the vanes 48 ... And the rotor 41 in a floating state by the static pressure bearings as described above, it can oppose the load fluctuation. High pressure is required. On the other hand, the water supplied from the eleventh water passage W11 is
Mainly, the circumference of the fixed shaft 102 and the bearing members 22 and 23 are water-lubricated, and a static pressure bearing is formed.
3, the fixed shaft 102, the rotary shaft 113, and the rotor 4 are sealed by sealing high-temperature high-pressure steam leaking from the S3 to the outer periphery of the fixed shaft 102.
Since the effect of thermal expansion such as 1 is reduced, the pressure may be at least higher than the pressure in the relay chamber 19.

As described above, since the two water supply systems of the first water passage W1 for supplying high-pressure water and the eleventh water passage W11 for supplying water of lower pressure than that are provided, the high-pressure water is supplied. It is possible to solve the problem when only one water supply system for supplying is provided. That is, excessive pressure water is supplied around the fixed shaft 102 to increase the outflow amount of water to the relay chamber 19, or the fixed shaft 102, the rotary shaft 113, the rotor 41, etc. are supercooled to lower the steam temperature. It is possible to prevent such troubles, and it is possible to increase the output of the expander 4 while reducing the water supply amount.

In addition to the embodiments described above, the piston 4
As a structure of a power conversion device for converting the forward motion of 7 ... into the rotary motion of the rotor 41, the forward motion of the piston 47 is directly received by the rollers 71, not through the vanes 48, and the engagement with the annular grooves 74, 74 is performed. It can also be converted into rotary motion. Further, the vanes 48 ... Also the rollers 71 ... And the annular grooves 74, 7
As described above, the pistons 47 and the rollers 71, and the vanes 48 and the rollers 71 are respectively separated from each other by a constant distance from the inner peripheral surface of the rotor chamber 14 in cooperation with each other. It may independently cooperate with the annular grooves 74, 74.

When the expander 4 is used as a compressor, the rotor 41 is rotated by the rotary shaft 113 in the direction of arrow R in FIG.
Direction, the outside air is sucked into the rotor chamber 14 from the exhaust ports 109 by the vanes 48, and compressed, and the low compressed air thus obtained is sucked in by the intake port 1.
08 through the relay chamber 19, the through hole 82b, the fifth steam passage S5, the fourth steam passages S4, S4, the notches 86a and 86a of the fixed shaft 102, and the third steam passage S3. Then, it is compressed by the pistons 47 ... The highly compressed air obtained in this manner is discharged from the cylinders 44 through the third steam passages S3, the second steam passages S2 and S2, the first steam passage S1 and the steam supply pipe 91. When the expander 4 is used as a compressor, the steam passages S1 to S5 and the steam supply pipe 91 have air passages S1 to S5, respectively.
And the air supply pipe 91.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, the present invention can be modified in various ways without departing from the scope of the invention.

For example, although the expander 4 is illustrated as a rotary fluid machine in the embodiments, the present invention can also be applied as a compressor.

Although steam and water are used as the vapor-phase working medium and the liquid-phase working medium in the embodiments, other suitable working mediums can be used.

In the embodiment, the outer sleeve 21 is shrink-fitted to the inner sleeve 85 of the rotary shaft 113, and the fixed shaft 1
Although the outer sleeve 88 is shrink-fitted to the inner sleeve 87 of No. 02, the shrink fit can be adopted to only one of the rotary shaft 113 and the fixed shaft 102.

[0092]

As described above, according to the invention described in claim 1, the rotary shaft is provided integrally with the rotor and rotatably supported by contacting the fixed shaft with the sliding surface in an airtight state. Since at least the inner peripheral portion is formed by shrink-fitting the outer sleeve made of metal on the outer periphery of the inner sleeve formed of a material having a coefficient of thermal expansion lower than that of metal, the rotating shaft is about to expand due to the high temperature gas working medium. However, thermal expansion of the outer sleeve is suppressed by the tensile residual stress of the metal outer sleeve that is shrink-fitted to the outer periphery of the inner sleeve, so that the close contact between the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve is maintained.
As a result, the thermal expansion of the entire rotary shaft depends on the thermal expansion of the inner sleeve formed of the material having a low coefficient of thermal expansion,
It is possible to suppress the change in the inner diameter of the rotating shaft and stabilize the clearance of the sliding surface between the rotating shaft and the fixed shaft.

According to the invention described in claim 2,
At least the outer periphery of the fixed shaft, which is fixed to the casing and supports the rotating shaft rotatably by bringing the sliding surface into contact with the airtight state, has at least the outer periphery of the inner sleeve formed of a material having a thermal expansion coefficient lower than that of the metal. Since the outer sleeve is shrink-fitted, even if the fixed shaft expands due to the high temperature working medium, the tensile residual stress of the metal outer sleeve shrink-fitted to the outer circumference of the inner sleeve causes the outer sleeve to shrink. Since the thermal expansion is suppressed, the close contact state between the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve is maintained. As a result, the thermal expansion of the fixed shaft as a whole depends on the thermal expansion of the inner sleeve made of a material having a low coefficient of thermal expansion, which suppresses the change in the outer diameter of the fixed shaft and slides between it and the rotating shaft. The surface clearance can be stabilized.

According to the invention described in claim 3,
The outer circumference of the inner sleeve, which is formed integrally with the rotor and is rotatably supported by bringing the sliding surface into contact with the fixed shaft in an airtight state so that at least the inner peripheral portion is made of a material having a thermal expansion coefficient lower than that of metal Since the outer sleeve made of metal is shrink-fitted to the inner side of the inner sleeve, the tensile residual stress of the outer sleeve made of metal that is shrink-fitted to the outer circumference of the inner sleeve causes the rotating shaft to expand due to the high temperature working medium. Since the thermal expansion of the outer sleeve is suppressed, the close contact between the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve is maintained. Further, at least the outer peripheral portion of the fixed shaft, which is fixed to the casing and rotatably supports the rotating shaft by bringing the sliding surface into contact with the airtight state,
Since the outer sleeve made of metal is shrink-fitted onto the outer circumference of the inner sleeve made of a material having a coefficient of thermal expansion lower than that of metal, even if the fixed shaft tries to expand due to the high temperature vapor working medium, the outer circumference of the inner sleeve The thermal expansion of the outer sleeve is suppressed by the tensile residual stress of the metal outer sleeve that is shrink-fitted to the outer sleeve, so that the close contact between the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve is maintained. As a result, the thermal expansion of the entire rotary shaft depends on the thermal expansion of the inner sleeve formed of a material having a low coefficient of thermal expansion to suppress the change in the inner diameter of the rotary shaft,
In addition, the thermal expansion of the entire fixed shaft depends on the thermal expansion of the inner sleeve made of a material with a low coefficient of thermal expansion, and the change in the outer diameter of the fixed shaft is suppressed. The surface clearance can be stabilized.

According to the invention described in claim 4,
Since the metal outer sleeve of the fixed shaft is coated with a low-friction material that is difficult to apply to a material with a low coefficient of expansion such as ceramics, it is possible to further reduce the frictional resistance of the sliding surface with the rotating shaft. .

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a waste heat recovery device for an internal combustion engine.

2 is a vertical cross-sectional view of an expander corresponding to the cross-sectional view taken along line 2-2 of FIG.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view around the axis of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line 4-4 of FIG.

5 is a sectional view taken along line 5-5 of FIG.

6 is a sectional view taken along line 6-6 of FIG.

7 is a sectional view taken along line 7-7 of FIG.

8 is a sectional view taken along line 8-8 of FIG.

9 is a sectional view taken along line 9-9 of FIG.

10 is a sectional view taken along line 10-10 of FIG.

FIG. 11 is an exploded perspective view of a rotor

FIG. 12 is an exploded perspective view of a lubricating water distributor of the rotor.

FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram showing a cross-sectional shape of a rotor chamber and a rotor.

14 is an enlarged view of a main part of FIG. 3, showing a rotary valve and a fixed shaft support spring.

FIG. 15 is an enlarged view of a main part of FIG. 2, showing an outer peripheral surface of a fixed shaft.

16 is a sectional view taken along line 16-16 of FIG.

FIG. 17 is an enlarged view of a main part of the first fixed shaft.

FIG. 18 is an enlarged view of a nozzle member.

FIG. 19 is a sectional view taken along line 19-19 of FIG.

FIG. 20 is a view for explaining the operation when the fixed sleeve is shrink-fitted.

FIG. 21 is a graph showing the relationship of thermal expansion between a fixed shaft and a rotating shaft.

[Explanation of symbols]

11 casing 21 Outer sleeve 41 rotor 85 Inner sleeve 87 Inner sleeve 88 outer sleeve 102 fixed axis 113 rotation axis V rotary valve

Front page continuation (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification code FI theme code (reference) F01L 15/08 F01L 15/08 (72) Inventor Hiroshi Ichikawa 1-4-1 Chuo Wako-shi, Saitama Stock Company Honda Inside Technical Research Institute (72) Inventor Tsutomu Takahashi 1-4-1 Chuo, Wako-shi, Saitama Stock Company Honda Technical Research Institute F-term (reference) 3G081 BA06 BB00 BC07

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A rotor (41) rotatably housed in a casing (11), a hollow rotary shaft (113) which rotates integrally with the rotor (41), and a fixed shaft (fixed) fixed to the casing (11). 102) and a rotary valve (V) which is formed on the sliding surfaces of the fixed shaft (102) and the rotary shaft (113) and controls the supply and discharge of the high-temperature working medium in a gas phase, At least the inner peripheral portion of the rotating shaft (113) is configured by shrink-fitting a metal outer sleeve (21) on the outer periphery of an inner sleeve (85) formed of a material having a coefficient of thermal expansion lower than that of metal. Rotating fluid machinery. 2. A rotor (41) rotatably housed in a casing (11), a hollow rotating shaft (113) which rotates integrally with the rotor (41), and a fixed shaft fixed to the casing (11). 102) and a rotary valve (V) which is formed on the sliding surfaces of the fixed shaft (102) and the rotary shaft (113) and controls the supply and discharge of the high-temperature working medium in a gas phase, At least the outer peripheral portion of the fixed shaft (102) is characterized in that a metal outer sleeve (88) is shrink-fitted to the outer periphery of an inner sleeve (87) formed of a material having a coefficient of thermal expansion lower than that of metal. Rotating fluid machinery. 3. A rotor (41) rotatably housed in a casing (11), a hollow rotary shaft (113) which rotates integrally with the rotor (41), and a fixed shaft fixed to the casing (11). 102) and a rotary valve (V) which is formed on the sliding surfaces of the fixed shaft (102) and the rotary shaft (113) and controls the supply and discharge of the high-temperature working medium in a gas phase, At least the inner peripheral portion of the rotating shaft (113) is configured by shrink-fitting a metal outer sleeve (21) on the outer periphery of an inner sleeve (85) formed of a material having a coefficient of thermal expansion lower than that of a metal, and a fixed shaft. At least the outer peripheral portion of (102)
A rotary fluid machine comprising an inner sleeve (87) made of a material having a coefficient of thermal expansion lower than that of a metal, and an outer sleeve (88) made of metal, which is shrink-fitted to the outer periphery of the inner sleeve (87). 4. The rotary fluid machine according to claim 2, wherein the outer circumference of the metal outer sleeve (88) of the fixed shaft (102) is coated with a low friction material. .