JP2003092955A - Method and system for heat sterilization for feeding water - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently sterilize feeding water in onshore culture to exterminating fish disease infection such as virus a simple system and apparatuses without using an ultraviolet sterilizer or an ozon sterilizer. SOLUTION: The method for providing feeding water comprises heat- sterilizing a feeding water in a heat treatment vessel 15 at a required temperature for a required time by utilizing waste heat generated from a heat source such as a gas turbine 21 and cooling the heated feeding water to a required temperature with subsurface water to sterilize fish disease infection. The heating temperature is preferably 50-99 deg.C and the heating time is preferably 1 min to 2 hr.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for heat sterilizing aquaculture water and a heat sterilizing apparatus for aquaculture water, and more specifically, in land culture, without generating pathogens such as viruses and without destroying the ecosystem of aquaculture organisms. , It efficiently sterilizes cultured water by heating.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, it has been widely practiced to cultivate aquatic products such as seafood and seaweed regardless of whether they are seawater or freshwater. , Thailand, yellowtail, yellowtail, flounder and other fish.

The mainstream of aquaculture is sea surface aquaculture in which a net is stretched at a place where the tide flows slowly such as a bay and a cove. However, when the food left uneaten and the excrement of farmed organisms accumulate, seawater is polluted because there is almost no tide flow, and the living environment such as oxygen concentration and salinity changes, which changes the ecosystem. There's a problem.

[0004] As another aquaculture method, there is land culture in which a breeding tank for aquaculture on land is installed and aquaculture is performed with artificial seawater or the like. In land-based aquaculture, it is possible to use a running water system and discard the aquaculture water after one use, but since a large amount of water is required, it was generally purified by a purification device without changing the water. A method of circulating water and reusing it is adopted.

However, even in the case of land culture, if the purification of water is insufficient, parasites in the breeding tank,
Bacteria, viruses and other pathogens may propagate and parasitically infect cultured fish. In particular, since the same water is circulated and reused and intensively cultivated in a closed tank, once a pathogen occurs, it rapidly spreads inside the breeding tank, and it will be devastated by fish disease. . Especially for viruses,
The preventive measures have not been established, and immediate measures are desired.

Representative viruses that cause fish diseases include IPN (infectious pancreatic necrosis) virus and IHN (infectious hematopoietic necrosis) virus. In addition, typical parasites include monocarid parasites such as the specific carp parasite heterobothurium, and parasites of the Callis species,
It is known that it causes fish diseases by parasitizing carp and other fish such as troughs and yellowtails, and is regarded as an important issue in reality.

[0007] Various methods have been proposed for purifying water by killing the above-mentioned pathogens causing fish diseases. Specifically, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2-20230, a method for rearing cold water fish such as red trout, rock fish, and mountain maiden in water kept at a water temperature of about 20 ° C., a rearing tank, a biological treatment tank, and sterilization Breeding machines equipped with the like have been proposed. Also,
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 55-54836 proposes a method for recycling circulating water for aquaculture, in which circulating water is purified by a filter by utilizing the difference in specific gravity, and the circulating water is sterilized by ultraviolet irradiation, and an apparatus therefor. Further, in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-3736, there is proposed a method for treating aquaculture water, in which raw combustion water flowing down is directly brought into contact with a burning combustion gas to heat the raw water, and the resulting culture water is heat-sterilized. .

[0008] Furthermore, in addition, a heat treatment method and a water purification method using bacteria have been proposed. For example, in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 63-107794, the first step of holding the liquid to be treated at a temperature lower than the liquid temperature by 10 ° C. or more, and the first step
There has been proposed a sterilizing method of a liquid, which comprises a second step of heating and maintaining the liquid that has passed through the steps at 50 ° C. or higher, by adjusting the growth temperature of bacteria and sterilizing by the decomposition action of the bacteria. Further, in JP-A-2-68188, there is provided a circulating purification bath apparatus in which a carrier for supporting microorganisms is provided in the purification unit to decompose and purify organic substances by microorganisms such as bacteria and to perform heat sterilization at 80 ° C. or higher. Proposed. Further, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-290850 proposes a water treatment method and apparatus in a water and wastewater treatment facility in which raw water is subjected to heat treatment twice to purify tap water.

[0009]

However, in the breeding machine of Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2-20230, the water temperature is higher than the inhabiting temperature of cold-water fish, but the water temperature is as low as about 20 ° C.,
Insufficient inactivation of the virus that is the source of fish disease,
Preventing the outbreak of viral diseases in cold water fish is difficult. Further, in the method for recycling circulating water for aquaculture and its apparatus disclosed in JP-A-55-54836, although it is sterilized by ultraviolet rays, the bactericidal action is insufficient, and it is necessary to regularly replace the ultraviolet bulbs. It takes time and effort. Further, although a heating device is provided, if the heating temperature is low, there is a problem that viruses, bacteria and parasites cannot be eradicated sufficiently. Further, in the method for treating aquaculture water and the apparatus therefor disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-3736, sterilization by heating alone does not lead to removal of impurities, and eradication of fish diseases such as viruses is not possible depending on heating conditions. There is the problem of being sufficient. Further, this apparatus has a problem that the heating and cooling costs and the thermal efficiency of the entire apparatus is poor.

Further, even in the liquid sterilization method disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 63-107794, the sterilization of bacteria cannot eradicate fish diseases because the inactivation of the virus is insufficient by only sterilizing with bacteria. Is difficult to use. Further, in the circulation purification bath apparatus of JP-A-2-68188, the use of microorganisms such as bacteria complicates the purification apparatus and requires adjustment of the growth temperature of the bacteria, etc., thereby improving the efficiency of water purification. Absent. In addition, when heating to 80 ° C or higher is required, an expensive heating device is required, and the purification device has a complicated structure as a whole, and if a heating device is purposely used, the thermal efficiency of the entire device deteriorates, so that the aquaculture water There are problems adapting to the purification of. further,
In the water treatment method and the apparatus thereof disclosed in JP-A No. 11-290850, inactivation of viruses contained in water is insufficient, fish diseases cannot be eradicated, and use as aquaculture water is difficult. Further, since various processing steps are required, it is necessary to upsize the device, which causes a problem of high cost and poor thermal efficiency of the entire device.

Further, as in the above-mentioned prior art, a method of purifying cultured water by an ultraviolet sterilization method or an ozone sterilization method can be considered. However, in the ultraviolet sterilization method, there is a problem that it is necessary to regularly replace the ultraviolet bulbs, and the maintenance cost of the equipment such as the electric cost and the equipment cost increase. On the other hand, in the ozone sterilization method, the influence of ozone odor generated from the ozone generator is feared, and in addition, bromine and ozone in seawater are combined to form an oxidant, which may adversely affect the life of the aquaculture organism. Activated carbon is effective for oxidant treatment, but there is a problem in that in addition to running costs, it is expensive to dispose of activated carbon.

On the other hand, as in the above-mentioned prior art, killing of bacteria, viruses, etc. by heating can be mentioned.
There is a method of using hot water of 100 ° C. or steam of 100 ° C. to 135 ° C., and it is known that the killing performance is high. However, although the above-mentioned method of killing by high temperature heating is excellent in its effect, when it is used as heat sterilization of aquaculture water, if it is heated too much to a high temperature (steam of 100 ° C or higher), it will be reared after heating. There is a problem that a cooling device and a cooling time for using water in the tank are required, and the efficiency of the aquaculture facility becomes very poor. Further, since heating to a high temperature requires pressurization, a dedicated device is required, and there is a problem that maintenance and management of the facility will be enormously costly.

As described above, as a method for heat-sterilizing aquaculture water, from the viewpoint of water purification, it is necessary to heat to a temperature at which infection sources of fish diseases such as viruses, bacteria and parasites can be eradicated. From the viewpoint of using water after heat sterilization, the heating temperature is preferably as low as possible. In particular, it is difficult to determine the inactivation conditions for viruses, and therefore the temperature conditions for heat treatment are important in order to sterilize and use the culture water. Also, regarding the heat sterilization device for cultured water,
There is a demand for an apparatus that can reduce wasteful equipment as much as possible, reduce costs, efficiently heat-sterilize aquaculture water, and have excellent thermal efficiency as a whole apparatus.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and in land culture, heat-sterilized aquaculture water is efficiently heat-sterilized by simple equipment and devices without using an ultraviolet sterilizer or an ozone sterilizer. An object of the present invention is to provide a heat sterilization method for culture water and a heat sterilization apparatus for culture water capable of eradicating an infection source of fish diseases such as viruses in the culture water.

[0015]

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention uses a heat sterilization step of heating aquaculture water at a required temperature for a required time by utilizing exhaust heat discharged from a heat source. Provided is a method for heat-sterilizing aquaculture water, which comprises a cooling step of cooling heated aquaculture water to a required temperature.

Since the present invention utilizes the waste heat discharged from the heat source, the aquaculture water can be efficiently heat-sterilized by simple equipment and devices without using an ultraviolet sterilizer or an ozone sterilizer, and the aquaculture can be performed. It is possible to eradicate the source of fish diseases such as virus in water. Further, not only the heat efficiency is excellent, but also because the ultraviolet sterilizer and the ozone sterilizer are not used, the culture water can be heat-sterilized at low cost, which is environmentally friendly.

The present inventor has further earnestly studied the temperature conditions of heat treatment of aquaculture water, and as a result, a mesophilic bacterium causing parasites and fish diseases among parasites, bacteria and viruses that damage aquaculture organisms. It does not grow above 50 ° C, so it is generally known that parasites and bacteria die at above 50 ° C. On the other hand, regarding the inactivation of virus, although it depends on the virus species, it can be inactivated at a temperature of about 50 ° C. Further studies have been conducted, and it has been found that the heating temperature and the heating time are important. As a result of accumulating experiments from the above viewpoint, the heating temperature and the heating time are defined as the optimum conditions as described above, and parasites, bacteria and viruses can be simultaneously killed and inactivated by the same treatment, and particularly in sterilization by ultraviolet rays or ozone. It was found that the inactivation of viruses and the killing of parasite eggs, which were difficult in the past, can be achieved.

In particular, the circulating aquaculture water that has been heat-sterilized by the above method is convected between the breeding tank and the filtration tank via the circulation path to breed the aquaculture water product, thereby making It is possible to eliminate the occurrence of pathogens such as parasitic and infectious viruses, prevent the occurrence of infectious diseases such as fish diseases, and enable aquaculture production of aquatic products.

The heating temperature is 50 ° C to 99 ° C, preferably 5 ° C.
0 ° C to 80 ° C, more preferably 55 ° C to 70 ° C, and the optimum range is 55 ° C to 65 ° C. When the heating temperature is lower than 50 ° C., the above range has a problem that the parasites and bacteria are not killed, in particular, the inactivation of viruses is insufficient and the occurrence of fish diseases cannot be suppressed. This is because if the temperature is higher than 99 ° C., the temperature is too high and there is a problem in that it is inefficient to cool and use as aquaculture water.

The heating time is 1 minute to 2 hours, preferably 1 minute to 1 hour. When the heating time is shorter than 1 minute, the above range has a problem that the parasites and bacteria are not killed, especially the inactivation of viruses is insufficient, and the occurrence of fish diseases cannot be suppressed. This is because if the time is longer than 2 hours, the heat efficiency will be deteriorated due to unnecessary heating, and the efficiency will be low when it is circulated and used as aquaculture water.

The higher the heating temperature, the shorter the time required to eradicate viruses, bacteria and the like. Further, the longer the heating time, the lower the temperature required for eradication of viruses, bacteria and the like.
From the above viewpoint, by appropriately setting the heating time within the above range according to the heating temperature, the aquaculture water can be efficiently heat-sterilized.

A gas turbine is used as a heat source of the exhaust heat, and in the cooling step, the aquaculture water is cooled through groundwater and / or groundwater, and the water temperature and the amount of the aquaculture water are automatically controlled to reach the required temperature. It is preferable that Since the aquaculture water is cooled through groundwater and / or groundwater in the cooling process, the aquaculture water heated using the natural water temperature can be cooled, and the thermal efficiency of the aquaculture water as a whole is sterilized by heating. Can be improved. Groundwater and / or groundwater is particularly excellent because there is little seasonal variation in water temperature. In addition, the water temperature, amount of water, flow rate, etc.
Manual control or automatic control may be used, but automatic control can save manpower and improve work efficiency. Automatic control should be able to manage from about 15 ° C to about 99 ° C.
Furthermore, by using the gas turbine as the heat source, the exhaust heat can be stably utilized. It should be noted that other steps such as a biological treatment step of decomposing water pollutants and a filtration step of removing solid matters in the aquaculture water may be included, whereby the aquaculture water can be further purified.

The virus that causes fish disease will be described in detail. A virus is a nucleic acid type R contained in a virus particle.
Although either NA or DNA, the parasites and bacteria contain RNA and D as the nucleic acid types contained in each bacterium.
Both NA. Viruses differ fundamentally from parasites and bacteria in that respect. The virus infects only living cells as a non-cellular factor, repeats the construction and proliferation of virus particles through replication of nucleic acid type, kills infected cells, and is released to the outside as heat-producing virus particles. The released virus particles expand the infection source as a reinfection source, but in this case, the virus that developed from necrotic infected cells to surrounding uninfected cells and amplified infectivity and pathogenicity is released into the culture water. To be done. According to the present invention, the virus particles discharged into water as described above are heat-treated and inactivated to suppress the virus infection, block the fish disease infection route, and eradicate the virus disease caused by the virus. It is possible.

The bacteria that cause fish diseases will be described in detail.
The fish disease bacteria do not include thermophilic bacteria whose optimum growth temperature is specified to be 50 ° C to 105 ° C. Examples of fish disease bacteria that cause disease in fish species to be cultured include the following, and scientific names are written in katakana. The numerical value in parentheses indicates the growth temperature range. Yersinia Lukeli (30 ℃ ~
37 ° C.), Proteus salmonicida (37 ° C.), Edward Jaral Talda (15 ° C. to 42 ° C.), Pibrio (1
8 ℃ -37 ℃), Aeromonas hydrophila (37
℃), Flavobacterium (<30 ℃), Pasteurella
Pisicida (23 ° C to 25 ° C), Nocardia asteroid (37 ° C / blood agar medium), Nocardia amberjack (25 ° C / 3% Ogawa medium), Enterococcus serioricida (20 ° C to 37 ° C), Flexibacter (5 ° C to 5 ° C)
40 ° C), Mycobacterium marinum (25 ° C-30
℃), Pseudomonas angiliceptica (15 ℃ ~
20 ° C), Renibacterium salmoninarum (15 ° C)
~ 18 ° C). According to the present invention, the fish disease bacteria described above can be surely killed.

It is known that a high eradication effect can be obtained by intensively taking measures against parasites during the free life period of the parasite life cycle. The free life period of parasites is also the weakest point in life history, and it is effective to break the life cycle at this time. The heat treatment of this device ensures that all parasites such as white-spotted ciliate larvae, monogenean oncomirachidium larvae, parasitic copepotid larvae, cirodonella larvae, ulkeoralid larvae, costia larvae, etc. heat up. Since they die and the parasite life cycle is cut, the preventive measures against parasitic diseases can be perfect.

[0026] Specifically, the parasite causing fish disease is
Among parasites that do not require an intermediate host in their life history among those observed in closed-type intensive land-based aquaculture, these are broadly classified into protozoa, monogenea, and parasitic arthropods. . Among them, although there are an extremely large number of protozoa parasitizing all fishes, the number of protozoa parasitizing the closed intensive terrestrial aquaculture fish to exert pathogenicity is currently limited. Flounder, puffer fish, carp of intensively cultured fish such as Thailand, white spot insects that parasitize the skin and cause serious diseases, Tetrahemina (sukuchika), Kirodonnera and its related species, and Perihelium caterpillars of the Curqueolarid family are ciliates. Belong to In particular, tetrahemina enters not only the body surface of juvenile and juvenile fish such as puffer fish and flounder, carp, and nostril, but also enters the vascular system from the Cuvier's canal and proliferates with circulating blood to the capillaries such as the brain and eyes to grow in brain tissue. It is known that the whole body of juveniles is infected with the worm, such as the collapse of the larva. Furthermore, it is known that Kostia or ichtiovod and animal flagella of the related species also present a disease that cannot be neglected on carp and the like.

Further, according to the present invention, a breeding tank for storing aquaculture water to breed aquaculture organisms, a filtration tank for removing solid matters in the aquaculture water, and heat exchange for heating the aquaculture water by utilizing exhaust heat from a heat source. Heat treatment tank for heating and sterilizing aquaculture water at a required temperature through a vessel, and aquaculture water cooling heat exchanger for cooling the heat-sterilized culture water We provide sterilization equipment.

As described above, since heat sterilization is performed by utilizing the exhaust heat, it is possible to reduce the heat energy required for the whole heat sterilization device, and also to use simple equipment without using an ultraviolet sterilization device or an ozone sterilization device. The device can efficiently heat and sterilize the culture water to eradicate the source of infection of fish diseases such as virus in the culture water.

In addition to having an automatic control device for reading and adjusting the water temperature, water amount, flow rate, etc. of the above-mentioned aquaculture water with a sensor, etc., the above-mentioned aquaculture water heating heat exchanger heats the aquaculture water by the exhaust heat from the gas turbine. It is preferable that the heat exchanger for cooling aquaculture water is configured to cool the culture water with groundwater and / or groundwater. As described above, the stable supply of exhaust heat by the gas turbine and the cooling using nature such as groundwater can improve the thermal efficiency of the entire apparatus. Further, the work efficiency and the like can be improved by the automatic control.

It is preferable to connect the tanks of the breeding tank, the filtration tank, and the heat treatment tank, and to provide a circulation path for circulating the culture water. As described above, by providing the circulation path and circulating the culture water that has been sterilized by heating so that the culture water can be repeatedly used, the amount of water used can be significantly reduced.

The heat exchanger is preferably made of a material containing titanium as a main component, such as titanium or a titanium alloy. As a result, the thermal efficiency can be further improved and the durability can also be improved. In addition, supporting microorganisms,
It is preferable to provide a biological treatment tank for decomposing water pollutants.

This device is suitably used for intensive land culture of puffer fish and other aquaculture organisms, and a heat treatment tank is provided in a bypass connected between the breeding tank and the filtration tank, and is introduced into the heat treatment tank. It is designed for the purpose of heating aquaculture water to a specified temperature and heating it. Specifically, the aquaculture tank that stores the aquaculture water and raises the aquaculture organisms, and the filtration that removes solids in the aquaculture water A tank, a circulation path connecting the aquaculture tank and the filtration tank to circulate the aquaculture water, a bypass is provided in the circulation path, and a heat treatment tank is connected by the bypass to heat the aquaculture water to a predetermined temperature. It is preferable.
That is, a function that can efficiently eradicate the infection source of fish diseases such as viruses, bacteria, and parasites in the circulating aquaculture water efficiently by simple equipment without providing an ultraviolet sterilizer or ozone sterilizer. It is good that the device is equipped with. This will ensure the safety of aquaculture products,
A stable supply can be made possible. In addition, heat sterilization can be performed more efficiently by appropriately setting the predetermined time for heating. It is preferable that the predetermined temperature and the predetermined time for heating are temperatures that can eradicate the infection source of fish diseases such as the above viruses. It should be noted that instead of the circulation type, a flowing water type can also be used.

The bypass is preferably provided with a valve for adjusting the flow rate of the culture water. In this way, the flow control valve is installed in the bypass, the valve is opened, the culture water flowing from the bypass is adjusted to the required amount and stored in the heat treatment tank, and then the valve is closed to heat sterilize the circulation culture water. It is possible to reliably heat-sterilize the necessary amount of water that is efficient for heat-sterilization. The heat-sterilized aquaculture water can be circulated for reuse by opening the valve and returning to the bypass again, and the entire culture water can be purified by repeatedly performing the heat-sterilization.

Further, when the heat-sterilized aquaculture water is returned from the bypass to the circulation path again, the amount of water flowing out from the heat treatment tank can be adjusted by a valve. Therefore, by reducing the amount of water flowing out, the water temperature in the circulation path can be sharply increased. The rise can be suppressed. The heat-sterilized aquaculture water may be returned to the circulation path immediately after heating as described above, or may be returned to the circulation path after cooling. It is preferable that the heat treatment tank and the valve are provided with a sensor, and the water amount, the heating temperature, and the heating time are automatically controlled by the sensor.

The amount of water stored in the heat treatment tank is preferably 10% or more and 50% or less of the total amount of water in the heat sterilizer, although it depends on the species to be cultivated, the heating temperature, the arrangement structure of the apparatus, and the like. As a result, the pathogen in the culture water can be eradicated by the heat treatment, and the culture water can be rapidly cooled to the optimum temperature, and the culture water can be efficiently circulated and reused.

The circulating speed of the aquaculture water may be appropriately circulated as long as the water quality is not polluted, but it is preferable to provide a circulating pump in the circulating passage so that the circulating speed can be temporarily changed. When the heated culture water flows out of the heat treatment tank, the circulation speed of the culture water in the circulation path is temporarily increased, whereby the culture water can be cooled efficiently.

The position of the heat treatment tank is not particularly limited, but the heat sterilization is preferably performed after filtration from the viewpoint of water purification. Further, when the amount of water to be heat-sterilized is large, it is preferable to perform heat-sterilization before filtration from the viewpoint of cooling after heating. From the above, the heat treatment tank can be arranged at any position as required, and may be arranged either in the circulation path from the breeding tank to the filtration tank or in the circulation path from the filtration tank to the breeding tank. , Can be placed on both.

[0038] It is preferable that the aquaculture water is allowed to convection through the circulation path while being agitated so as to prevent residual food and excrement from accumulating in the breeding tank, and then flow to the filtration tank. Solid matters such as leftover food and excrement and harmful suspended solids can be separated and removed by a filtration tank, which can eradicate infectious diseases and suppress water pollution, creating a comfortable environment for aquaculture organisms. Can be produced.

The temperature of the breeding tank depends on the kind of the aquaculture organisms by appropriately mixing and circulating the heated aquaculture water flowing out from the heat treatment tank and the room temperature aquaculture water flowing through the circulation path. Each can be at an appropriate temperature.

The size, shape, etc. of the breeding tank, the filtration tank, the circulation path, and the heat treatment tank are not particularly limited as long as the effects of the present invention can be exhibited.

The aquaculture water may be either seawater or fresh water. As the aquaculture organism, fish such as puffer fish is particularly preferable, but it is not limited to fish and can be used for aquaculture of seafood and seaweeds.

As described above, according to the method for heat sterilization of culture water and the heat sterilization apparatus for culture water of the present invention, parasites and bacteria mixed in the culture water are heat-killed and viruses are inactivated. , The source of infection such as fish disease is eradicated, and fish disease can be reliably prevented.

[0043]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The heat sterilization apparatus for cultured water of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a heating and sterilizing apparatus 10 for cultured water, which includes a breeding tank 11 that stores the cultured water and breeds the cultured organisms, and a filtration tank 1 that removes solid matters in the cultured water.
2 is provided, and between the breeding tank 11 and the filtration tank 12,
Two circulation paths 13A for connecting the two and circulating the culture water, 1
3B and are arranged.

Two bypasses 14 are provided in the circulation path 13A.
A and 14B are provided, and the bypasses 14A and 14B are connected to a heat treatment tank 15 made of FRP that heat-sterilizes the culture water to a predetermined temperature. The bypasses 14A and 14B are provided with flow control valves 16A and 16B for aquaculture water, respectively. The arrow in the figure indicates the direction of the flow of the aquaculture water, and the heat treatment tank 15 is arranged so as to be connected to the circulation path 13A through which the culture water flows from the filtration tank 12 toward the breeding tank 11, and to the circulation paths 13A and 13B. Are provided with circulation pumps 17A and 17B.

Exhaust heat from the gas turbine 21, which is a heat source, is circulated in the heating tank 22 (heat exchanger) by the pump Pl. The buffer water is heated in the heating tank 22, and the buffer water heated by the pump P2 is circulated in the heat treatment tank 15, and the cultured water is heated to a required temperature via the heat exchanger 23 for heating the cultured water made of titanium. It is configured to be sterilized by heating. Culture water that has been sterilized by heating is pump P
The groundwater stored in the groundwater tank 24 circulated by 3 is used for cooling via the culture water cooling heat exchanger 25 made of titanium. Furthermore, it has automatic control devices 26 and 27 for adjusting the water temperature and the water amount of the culture water. In addition, the arrow in a figure has shown the flow of heat and water.

The method for heat sterilization of cultured water will be described below. A part of the aquaculture water stored in the breeding tank 11 passes through the circulation path 13B by the circulation pump 17B and the filtration tank 12
Be leaked to. In the filtration tank 12, solid matters and floating matters such as residual food and excrement in the culture water are removed. Next, the aquaculture water from which the solid matter has been removed is circulated by the circulation pump 17A.
It passes through A and flows into the breeding tank 11. A part of the aquaculture water flowing through the circulation path 13A passes through the bypass 14A with the valve 16A opened and flows out to the heat treatment tank 15. on the other hand,
Since the valve 16B is closed, aquaculture water is stored in the heat treatment tank 15, and the valve 1 is stored with a required amount of water being stored.
Close 6A. Then, the aquaculture water stored in the heat treatment tank 15 is subjected to heat sterilization at a heating temperature of 60 ° C. for 1 hour by utilizing the exhaust heat discharged from the gas turbine 21. The heat-sterilized aquaculture water is cooled to an appropriate temperature in the breeding tank through groundwater having a water temperature of 18 ° C. Cultured water that has undergone heat sterilization is
Open the valve 16B and connect the circuit 1 through the bypass 14B.
After returning to 3A, it is returned to the breeding tank 11 and reused.
For the aquaculture water, the water temperature, the water amount, the flow rate, etc. of the aquaculture water are automatically controlled so as to reach the required temperatures.

As a result, the source of infection of fish diseases such as viruses, bacteria and parasites that cause infectious diseases in the culture water can be eradicated, so that the ecosystem of the culture organism is damaged without exchanging water. It is possible to perform land aquaculture with simple equipment. In addition, since the aquaculture water is heated by using the exhaust heat and the heated aquaculture water is cooled by the natural groundwater, the thermal efficiency of the entire device is very excellent and the thermal energy required for heat sterilization can be reduced. it can.

Further, the culture water that has been sterilized by heating is circulated in the circulation path 1.
When returning to 3A, reduce the opening degree of the valve 16B,
Further, by increasing the flow rate of the circulation path 13A by the pump 17A, it is possible to efficiently cool the heat-sterilized aquaculture water and improve the circulation efficiency.

In the above embodiment, the heat treatment tank 15 is arranged so as to be connected to the circulation path 13A through which the aquaculture water flows from the filtration tank 12 toward the breeding tank 11, but in the second embodiment shown in FIG. As described above, the heat treatment tank 15 'is the breeding tank 1
It may be arranged so as to be connected to the circulation path 13B 'through which the aquaculture water flows from 1'to the filtration tank 12' (others are
It can have the same configuration as that of the first embodiment). In addition,
In addition, various arrangement configurations can be adopted.

The number of heat treatment devices to be installed is not limited, and the heat treatment devices can be arranged at one place or a plurality of places.
The number and arrangement of breeding tanks, filtration tanks, circulation paths, bypasses, etc. are not limited to those in the above-described embodiment, and may be any arrangement configuration that can sterilize and circulate water.

(Experimental Example) Experiments were carried out for each fish disease virus by changing the heating temperature and the heating time, and the difference in the inactivating condition of each virus was confirmed. Table 1 below shows inactivating heating conditions (heating temperature, heating time) of typical viruses that cause fish diseases in aquatic products. The virus names in the table are abbreviated in English and Japanese in the lower row in accordance with international convention.

[0052]

[Table 1]

As shown in Table 1, the heating temperature is 50 ° C to 9 ° C.
It was confirmed that any virus was inactivated when heat sterilization was performed under the heating condition of heating time of 1 minute to 2 hours in the range of 9 ° C. The heating temperature in the above embodiment is 60.
At 0 ° C, it was confirmed that all the viruses shown in Table 1 were inactivated in the heating time of 30 minutes to 1 hour. In addition to fish, it was confirmed that the method can be applied to the virus BMNV that causes infectious diseases in prawns. Note that parasites and bacteria can be inactivated (killed) under the same conditions.

[0054]

As is apparent from the above description, according to the present invention, in land culture, heat sterilization is performed by utilizing waste heat without using an ultraviolet sterilizer or an ozone sterilizer. It has excellent thermal efficiency and can reduce energy required for heat sterilization of aquaculture water. Further, since the conditions of the heat treatment in the heat treatment tank (heating temperature, heating time) are defined, it is possible to surely eradicate the infection source of fish diseases such as viruses, bacteria and parasites in the culture water.

Further, according to the apparatus of the present invention, the heat-treated aquaculture water can be efficiently circulated, so that an environment suitable for aquaculture at all times can be provided. Furthermore, since the aquaculture water is circulated and repeatedly purified and regenerated for use, the amount of water used for aquaculture can be significantly reduced. Furthermore, since the heating temperature is about 50 ° C. to 99 ° C., no advanced heat treatment device is required, and neither an ultraviolet sterilization device nor an ozone sterilization device is required. Therefore, water is sterilized with simple equipment and devices. Therefore, the facility cost can be reduced.

When terrestrial aquaculture is carried out by the method of the present invention using the heat purification apparatus of the present invention, aquaculture organisms such as puffer fish are not killed by changes in the ecosystem such as fish diseases and the like, and cultured fish can be produced at low cost. A stable supply is possible.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a heat sterilizer for aquaculture water according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a heat sterilizer for aquaculture water according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

10 Heat purification equipment for circulating aquaculture water 11 breeding tank 12 Filter tank 13A, 13B circuit 14A, 14B bypass 15 Heat treatment tank 16A, 16B Flow rate adjustment valve 17A, 17B Circulation pump 21 gas turbine 23 Heat exchanger for heating aquaculture water 24 underground water tank 25 Heat exchanger for cooling aquaculture water 26, 27 Automatic control device

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A heat sterilization step of heating the aquaculture water at a required temperature for a required time using exhaust heat discharged from a heat source, and a cooling step of cooling the heated culture water to the required temperature. Method for heat sterilization of culture water having. 2. The heating temperature during the heating is 50 ° C. to 99 ° C.
And the heating time is set to 1 minute to 2 hours to kill the source of fish disease infection. 3. A gas turbine is used as a heat source for the exhaust heat, and in the cooling step, the aquaculture water is cooled through groundwater and / or groundwater, and the temperature and volume of the aquaculture water are adjusted so as to reach the required temperature. The heat sterilization method of the culture water according to claim 1 or 2, which is automatically controlled. 4. A breeding tank for storing aquaculture water to breed aquaculture organisms, a filtration tank for removing solid matters in the aquaculture water, and a heat exchanger for heating the aquaculture water by utilizing exhaust heat from a heat source. A heat treatment sterilizer for culture water, comprising: a heat treatment tank for heat sterilization of the culture water at a required temperature; and a heat exchanger for cooling the culture water, which cools the heat-sterilized culture water. 5. The aquaculture water is provided with an automatic control device for adjusting the temperature and amount of the aquaculture water, and the heat exchanger for heating the aquaculture water heats the aquaculture water by exhaust heat from a gas turbine. The heat sterilizer for cultured water according to claim 4, wherein the cooling heat exchanger is configured to cool the cultured water with ground water and / or ground sea water. 6. The heat sterilization apparatus for culture water according to claim 4 or 5, further comprising a circulation path that connects the respective tanks of the breeding tank, the filtration tank, and the heat treatment tank and circulates the culture water. .