JP2003091343A - Book information browsing method and device, book information browsing program and recording medium recording the program - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To realize the processing by simple and small calculation processing in adopting the configuration for browsing electronic information such as a document, an image, picture and animation on a computer as if a user reads a book. SOLUTION: A three-dimensional model of a book is constructed by a plurality of face parts, and at that time, the three-dimensional model of the book is constructed by a form capable of expressing a curved shape near the backbone of the book. Only the book information (browsing page and book information on the cover) of a part, which can be seen by a user, is mapped on the face parts of the three-dimensional model. Thus, when the user can browse the electronic information as if he reads a book, the processing can be realized with simple and small calculating processing.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a book information browsing method and apparatus for allowing users to browse electronic information such as documents, images, videos and animations on a computer as if they were browsing a book. And a book information browsing program used for realizing the book information browsing method and a recording medium recording the program, and particularly, a book information browsing method and a device for realizing the processing by a simple and small calculation process. And a book information browsing program used for realizing the book information browsing method and a recording medium recording the program.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In order to make users feel as if they are reading a book, they browse electronic information such as documents, images, videos and animations on a computer as if they were reading a book. What is being done is being done.

As a method of realizing this, electronic information such as a document or image is developed as a page image, a cover image, or a background image on a two-dimensional plane to display the electronic information such as a document or image as book information. Is used.

However, such a two-dimensional book model lacks the expressive power as an original book.

Therefore, using a three-dimensional book model,
A method of displaying electronic information such as a document or image as book information by expressing the electronic information such as a document or image as a page image, a cover image, or a background image is used.

[0006]

Conventionally, when a method of browsing electronic information using a three-dimensional book model is realized, a model is generated for each page and the models of all the pages are stacked. Therefore, the method of constructing the model of the book is used.

However, according to such a conventional technique, since a model of a book is created by generating a model for each page, the calculation processing becomes complicated and slows as the number of pages increases. There is.

The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and it is as if the user browses with a book.
Providing a new book information browsing technology that enables the processing of electronic information such as documents, images, videos, and animations on a computer to be performed easily and with little calculation processing With the goal.

[0009]

In order to achieve this object, in the present invention, a plurality of face parts are provided in order to allow a user to browse electronic book information as if it were a book. A process of generating a model of the spread state of a book configured to model the vicinity of the spine cover at a plurality of points on a specified curve, and storing the generated model in a means for saving the model, and the saving From the means, the process of extracting the model of the spread state of the book that is composed of multiple surface parts and models the vicinity of the spine cover with multiple points on the specified curve, and the page attributes of the browse page and the book information of the browse target According to the information, calculate the thickness of the book information on the browsed side and the thickness of the book information on the browsing side, and apply it to the spread state model to generate an image of the spread state of the book, and the spread The coordinate position of the book information of the browse page that is associated with the specified upper curve of the open model is calculated, and the book information of the browse page is converted to a surface component of the open page layout position of the spread state model according to the calculated coordinate position. And a process of mapping to.

Further, according to the present invention, a process of generating a closed model of a book composed of a plurality of surface parts, storing the generated model in a means for storing the model, and a storing means thereof. From, the process of extracting the closed state model of the book composed of multiple surface parts, and the process of generating the closed state image of the book by applying the thickness of the book information to be browsed to the closed state model And a process of mapping the book information on the cover to the cover surface part of the closed state model.

In the present invention thus constructed, unlike the prior art, a model is generated for each page and the models of all the pages are stacked to generate a three-dimensional model of a book. Then, when the three-dimensional model when the book is open is generated, the two-page spread state model of the book which is composed of a plurality of surface parts and models the vicinity of the spine cover at a plurality of points on the specified curve is generated.

Then, when the browsing page is given, the browsing page (which indicates the number of pages from the start page) and 1
The thickness of the book information on the browsed side is calculated according to the page thickness, and the browsing side information is calculated according to the number of pages up to the final page (obtained by the difference between the total number of pages and the browsing page) and the thickness of one page. Calculate the thickness of the book information,
By applying the calculated thickness and page size to the spread state model, an image of the spread state of the book showing a curved shape is generated by modeling the vicinity of the spine cover at a plurality of points on the specified curve. .

Then, the coordinate position of the book information of the browse page associated with the point on the specified curve of the spread state model is calculated, and the book information of the browse page is read by the spread state model according to the calculated coordinate position. The book information of the browse page is mapped so that the vicinity of the spine cover is curved by mapping the page parts at the surface parts.

Further, according to the present invention having such a configuration,
Instead of generating a model for each page and stacking the models of all those pages as in the prior art to generate a 3D model of a book, a 3D model when the book is closed is generated. When generating, a closed state model of a book composed of a plurality of face parts is generated.

Then, by fitting the thickness of the book information to be browsed (which can be calculated from the total number of pages and the thickness of one page if not given) and the size of the cover to the closed state model, the book Generate a closed image of.

Then, the book information on the cover is mapped to the cover surface parts of the closed state model.

As described above, according to the present invention, a three-dimensional model of a book is constructed by a plurality of surface parts, and at that time, a curved shape near the spine cover can be expressed. Since the user constructs a 3D model and maps only the book information that the user can see (book information on the browse page or cover page) to the surface parts of the 3D model, the user feels as if the book It is possible to browse electronic information such as documents, images, videos, and animations on a computer as is browsed by, and at the same time, the processing can be implemented easily and with a small amount of calculation processing.

When this configuration is adopted, in response to the opening operation of the cover, the cover surface part is rotated 180 degrees in the opening direction of the cover, and the book page layout of the first page of the book information is set. The user opens the cover of the book by mapping it to the surface part of the position and subsequently rotating the spine surface part by 90 degrees in that direction and curving the contents of the book according to the spread state model. Process to easily achieve what you sometimes see.

Then, in response to the operation of closing the cover, the spine cover surface component is rotated by 90 degrees in the closing direction of the cover, and the curving of the contents of the curved book is erased according to the spread state model. By rotating the surface component 180 degrees in that direction and deleting the book information of the first page mapped to the surface component at the browsing page layout position of the spread state model, the user can display the cover of the book. Process to easily realize the state that you will see when closing.

On the other hand, when the user browses an actual book, the user opens the page that seems to be here.

Therefore, in the present invention, in consideration of this user's browsing method, the position input to the surface component indicating the thickness of the book in the spread state image is detected, and the page designated by the detected position input is specified. Then, by setting it as a new browsing page, the spread state image and the book information of the browsing page are updated. This allows the user to easily update the browse page.

A hyperlink area may be set in the electronic information. In the present invention, since the contents of the book are curved according to the spread state model in which the vicinity of the spine is modeled by a plurality of points on the prescribed curve, the hyperlink area is also curved according to this. Need to go.

Therefore, in the present invention, a transparent model of the hyperlink area having the same point configuration as the points on the specified curve of the spread state model is prepared, and the points on the specified curve are associated with the points of the transparent model. Then, processing is performed so that the hyperlink area of the browsing page is set to the browsing page along the browsing page. This allows the hyperlink area to be set along the browsing page.

Further, book information different from the browsing page must be mapped on the back side of the browsing page. On the other hand, in the present invention, the calculation process is simplified by mapping only the book information of the browsing page which is the part that the user can see.

Therefore, according to the present invention, when the browsing page is switched from the browsing side to the browsed side according to the turning operation of the browsing page, the book information of the browsing page is erased and the back side of the browsing page is displayed. , So that the book information on the back page is mapped. This makes it possible to realize a state that the user will see when turning the browsing page while realizing simplification of the calculation process.

At the time of performing such processing, in the present invention, in order to speed up the calculation processing, the spread state model calculated in a prescribed unit is prepared, and the size of the model actually used is set. Depending on the size, the extracted model may be changed by a ratio calculation to perform processing so as to create a spread state model to be actually used.

When performing such processing, the present invention updates the spread page image by updating the browsing page in order to speed up the calculation processing.
The change size amount of the spread state model calculated in a stipulated unit may be referred to, and a ratio calculation may be performed to create an updated spread state image.

Here, the processing for realizing the present invention described above is specifically realized by a computer program, and this computer program
It can be provided by recording on a recording medium such as a semiconductor memory.

[0029]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail according to embodiments.

1 to 3 show an embodiment of a display mode of book information realized in the present invention.

FIG. 1 shows book information, which is the content of a book,
A texture image is formed in an image format so as to be attached to a three-dimensional book model.

In the present invention, by applying such a texture image to the model of the three-dimensional book realized by the present invention, the display form as a realistic three-dimensional book shown in FIG. 2 or FIG. To realize. Here, FIG. 2 is an example in which book information is displayed as a book without thickness, and FIG. 3 is an example in which book information is displayed as a book with thickness.

As an example of an embodiment of the present invention, the book information browsing method of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 to 19, and the present invention for realizing the book information browsing method will be described with reference to FIGS. 20 to 23. The book information browsing device will be described.

(1) One Embodiment Example Concerning Method of Creating Three-dimensional Book Model One embodiment example of a method of creating a three-dimensional book model will be described.

In the present embodiment, in order to reduce the calculation processing, a method of preparing a model of a book as a box composed of several kinds of parts is used instead of preparing a model for each page.

Hereinafter, an example of the embodiment of the structure of the model of the book will be described in order for each of the open state and the closed state of the book.

(A) One embodiment of a method for constructing a three-dimensional model of a book in a closed state With reference to FIGS. 4 to 6, one embodiment of a method for constructing a three-dimensional model of a book in a closed state will be described. explain.

The book has right-opening and left-opening. In the present embodiment, the case of left-opening will be described. Since the method of implementation in the case of right-opening can be easily inferred from the present embodiment example, description thereof will be omitted.

In order to realize the cover opening / closing operation at a low calculation speed, the parts which do not depend on the number of pages are classified and managed as follows.

FIG. 4 shows the structure of the book in the closed state. As shown in this figure, the book in the closed state consists of five parts. The cover (left 401, right 404) is
Prepared individually to facilitate opening and closing, and attach the spine cover 40
5 and the content (side surface) 403 are independent so that the height can be dynamically adjusted based on the thickness and the number of sheets. Then, as a result, the content (front surface) 402 becomes another component.

An example of an embodiment relating to a method of arranging the parts shown in FIG. 4 when the book shown in FIG. 4 is closed will be described with reference to FIGS.

For the book to be constructed, the thickness and the number of sheets of paper are acquired from the book information and model setting information, and the thickness of the entire book is obtained based on these to determine the height of the spine cover. There are two positions where the book is placed in the closed state by the subsequent user operation. One is a state where the cover sheet (left) 401 is on the upper surface as shown in FIG. 5, and the other is a state where the cover sheet (right) 404 is on the upper surface as shown in FIG.

Each state is a state where the page reaches the end after repeated page turning, and its positional relationship must be continuous. Therefore, the center of the viewpoint (z axis)
A symmetrical arrangement is performed with respect to.

The distance from the center (z axis) to the book is
In order to realize the change depending on the thickness t of the paper surface and the number p of sheets, this distance is expressed as a function of the thickness of the paper surface and the number of sheets. In the present embodiment, this distance is set to (p × t) / 2. Note that FIG. 5 shows, as an example, the size of each component when the thickness of the front cover (left 401, right 404) and spine cover 405 is 2.0 mm.

Cover (left 401, right 404), spine 40
When the state of FIG. 5 and the state of FIG. 6 (side) 403 transit from the state of FIG. 5 to the state of FIG. It will be affixed to and conflict will occur. Therefore, it is necessary to use the result obtained by rotating the z axis by 180 degrees.

However, except for the model of the contents (side surface) 403, this operation is inevitably set by turning the page, so that no particular processing is required. Contents (front) 40
For model 2, the calculation processing can be reduced by only changing the parallel movement and the applicable texture (contents of the corresponding page).

(B) One Embodiment Example Concerning Method of Constructing Three-Dimensional Model of Book in Spread State An embodiment example of construction method of three-dimensional model of book in the spread state will be described.

In order to give a curvature to the paper and to express it appropriately according to the number of sheets, a method of dynamically creating a curve from information on the number of sheets is required. Then, in order to render this curvature correctly, it is necessary to accurately define the normal to each vertex. Further, in order to perform texture mapping correctly, it is necessary to always be able to grasp the occupancy rate of each surface over the entire mapping target. On the other hand, however, if a too complicated method is used, there is a lot of calculation processing at the time of execution, which causes a decrease in the performance of the device.

Therefore, in the present embodiment, browsing of book information is realized by a method with less calculation processing, using the models shown in FIGS. In addition, by managing the three-dimensional model of the book in the spread state by dividing it into several parts, it is possible to browse jurisdiction information with less calculation processing.

First, referring to FIG. 7, the book 3 in the spread state is shown.
An exemplary embodiment of the dimensional model will be described.

The three-dimensional model of the book in the two-page spread state is composed of four parts in right and left. One is the front surface (left 601 and right 603) and the other is the side surface (left 602 and right 604), which are present on the left and right. By managing the surface and the side separately, simplification of texture coordinate management is realized.

In order to perform texture mapping correctly, it is necessary to obtain the occupancy rate of each surface each time and update the texture coordinates accordingly. At this time, if a plurality of textures (front surface and side surface) are managed at each apex coordinate, the adjustment becomes complicated, and inconsistency may occur. In the present embodiment example, this is avoided,
In order to simplify the calculation process and control, the configuration of parts as shown in FIG. 7 is used.

Next, the surface (left 601 and right 603) and side (left 602 and right 604) parts models will be described in detail.

(I) Example of Embodiment Regarding Model of Surface Parts An example of embodiment concerning a method of creating a part model of the surface (601, 603) will be described with reference to FIG.

FIG. 8 shows a model of the surface part viewed from the side (the depth is the z-axis). The reference model of the surface part model is composed of points a to g and points a'to
g'indicates the positions when the points a to g change the shape of p sheets of thickness t.

Among these points, points a to f are arranged at equal intervals on a circle drawn with a radius r centered on the origin (0, 0). The line segment fg has a length (l) obtained by subtracting the circumferential distance from the point a to the point f from the width of the paper surface, and is in contact with y = 0 at the point g.

The thick arrows shown in the figure indicate the normal vector to each point. Except for the point g ′, one normal vector is set for the points shared by the two surfaces. As a result, it is possible to represent the side where two surfaces are in contact with each other by a curved surface. These normal vectors are needed to determine the direction of movement of a page when turning the page.

In this embodiment, the coordinates (x, y) of the vertices a to g are as follows: a = [-r, 0] b = [-cos (π / 8) * r, sin (π / 8) * r] c = [-cos (π / 4) * r, sin (π / 4) * r] d = [-cos (3π / 8) * r, sin (3π / 8) * r] e = [ 0, r] f = [cos (3π / 8) * r, sin (3π / 8) * r] g = [cos (3π / 8) * r + (l ^2- (sin (3π / 8) * r) ² ) ^1/2 , 0]

Since the z coordinate is invariant, there is no calculation formula. Also, the basic model is created with the coordinates calculated as r = 1.0, and recalculation is performed by the ratio calculation in the program according to the r value at that time.

(Ii) One Embodiment Example Concerning a Side Part Model A one embodiment example concerning a method of creating a side part (602, 604) part model will be described.

The method of creating the model of the side surface part is basically the same as the method of creating the model of the surface part described above, but there is a big difference in order to realize the expression of "thickness". It is to have a side (a side connecting aa ′ and a side connecting gg ′) that are in contact with each other.

In the surface model, all the vertex coordinates are changed according to the thickness thereof (when page turning is performed, it is necessary to change the vertex coordinates of the page to be turned over and the vertex coordinates of the remaining page from moment to moment. But there is)
In the side surface model, only the coordinates of the vertices that make up the side in contact with the surface need be changed. That is, by fixing the side in contact with the back surface, the side surface corresponding to the thickness is eventually formed. Examples of embodiments relating to expression of thickness will be described later.

Since the normal vector for the surface is sufficient for the normal vector, it is not necessary to set the normal vector to the vertex coordinates as in the surface part model. This is because the surface part model requires a calculation process to realize the page turning animation (described later), so it is necessary to manage the normal vector for each vertex, but the side part model is This is because that process is not necessary. As for the calculation formula of each vertex coordinate, the calculation formula of the model of the surface part described above is used.

(Iii) Example of One Embodiment Regarding Method of Creating Thickness Expression of Book An example of embodiment of a method of creating thickness expression of a book will be described with reference to FIG.

The method of creating the thickness representation of the book can be applied in the same manner as the model of the surface part and the side part model.

Each point a'representing the thickness of the book shown in FIG.
The coordinates of g'will be described. Here, the thickness of a book when p sheets of thickness t are stacked is (p × t).

The points a'and e'correspond to the points obtained by moving the points a and e on their respective axes by (p × t). The points b ', c', d'and the point f'are respectively on the circumference of a radius {r + (p × t)} with the points b, c, d and the point f as the origin (0, 0). Corresponds to the moved point. The point g ′ is determined by the length (l ′) obtained by subtracting the circumferential distance from the point a ′ to the point f ′ while moving the line segment fg in parallel. Here, the point h that exists only in the model of the side part
Is treated as invariant coordinates. As a result, the line segment g'h represents the side surface.

Considering an efficient calculation processing method, it is not possible to obtain these coordinate movements by using complicated calculations every time. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the movement amount (x, y) of each vertex coordinate due to the increase in the number of sheets is previously set to “p × t = 1.
It is calculated as “0” and an efficient calculation process is realized by referring to this movement amount as a constant when the model changes when browsing the book information.

Therefore, since the point a moves in the negative direction on the x-axis, the moving amount is (-1.0, 0.0), and the point e moves in the positive direction on the y-axis, so the moving amount is (0.0, 1.0). ). In addition, for example, the movement amount of the point b is (-cos θ, sin θ)
However, since the angle θ of the points b to f is fixed, si
Instead of directly calculating n and cos, the previously calculated result is stored as a constant in the storage unit.

For example, the moving amount of each vertex coordinate when "p × t = 1.0" is a = (-1.0000, 0.0000) b = (-0.9239, 0.3827) c = (-0.7071, 0.7071) d = (-0.3827, 0.9239) e = (0.0000, 1.0000) f = (0.3827, 0.9239) g = (-1.6587, 0.8619) is stored in the storage section as a constant.

This value can be considered as the amount of movement for one sheet having a thickness of 1.0 cm. Therefore, every time one page is turned by the browsing operation, for each vertex coordinate, * In the case of the model on the right side of the spread, new x coordinate = current x coordinate + (paper thickness x movement amount to be saved) new y coordinate = current Y coordinate + (paper thickness x amount of movement to be saved) * In the case of the model on the left side of the spread New x coordinate = current x coordinate- (thickness of paper x amount of movement to be saved) New y coordinate = current y coordinate + ( Calculation of (paper thickness x amount of movement to be saved) will be performed.

By this calculation method, it becomes possible to calculate the change of the model when browsing the book information with a small calculation amount.

(2) One Embodiment Example Regarding Texture Image Mapping Method An embodiment example relating to a texture image mapping method which is book information on a surface part model will be described with reference to FIGS. 10 and 11.

In order to correctly map the texture image, it is necessary to obtain the occupancy ratio of each surface to the entire surface each time and update the texture coordinates accordingly. If this is neglected, the texture image expands and contracts due to the radius r, the thickness t of the paper surface, the number p of paper surfaces, and the like.

As described with reference to FIG. 8, the model of the surface part used in the present embodiment reaches the end after tracing the circumference of the radius r. Since the width of the entire paper surface and the total width of the texture image to be mapped to it are always fixed, the distance between the vertex coordinates existing on the circumference is calculated,
From that, the occupancy for the full width of the paper is determined and then applied to the full width of the texture. Further, among the texture coordinates, the coordinates corresponding to the four corners (index numbers 0, 1, 12, 13 in FIG. 10) are invariable, and are therefore excluded from the target of this processing.

The coordinate of the texture image associated with each vertex coordinate is rate = (π / 8) × (p × t + r) × (L / W), where L: full width of texture image W: full width of paper It is calculated according to a formula (a formula in which the distance between two vertices existing on the circumference is represented by an occupancy ratio with respect to the entire width of the texture).

That is, as can be seen from FIG.
, The distance between the two vertices is “(π / 8) × (p × t +
r) ”, the distance between the two vertices is“ (π / 8) × (p × t +) when the width is L.
r) × (L / W) ”.

Of the texture coordinates (u, v), the v coordinate is invariant, so this processing targets only the u coordinate. This is because there is no displacement of the z coordinate of the surface component model in the present embodiment.

However, in order to realize a model of a surface part such as a page bending (a model of a surface part that can be bent in the z-axis direction), displacement of the z coordinate is necessary. v
Since the displacement of the coordinates can be obtained by a similar method, the description will be omitted.

The u coordinate of the texture image is obtained by cumulatively adding the above occupancy rates rate in ascending order of index numbers. However, the vertex coordinates have the same x coordinate in a pair.

In this way, for the texture image of the book information as shown in FIG. 1, the u coordinate associated with the index number (corresponding to the points a ′ to f ′) shown in FIG. 10 is obtained, The texture image can be pasted according to the distortion of the paper by creating and affixing it to the vertex of the paper corresponding to the index number for each. As a result, the distortion of the paper surface according to the thickness of the paper surface and the number of pages is realized.

FIG. 11 shows an example of mapping to the texture coordinate system. Since the above occupancy rate changes with the thickness of the paper surface and the number of pages, as shown in FIG. 11, the coordinates corresponding to the index number in the texture coordinate system changes with the thickness of the paper surface and the number of pages, resulting in a curvature of the texture image. Corresponding and realistic book information can be displayed.

(3) One Embodiment Example Regarding Thickness Turning Process An embodiment example regarding the thickness turning process will be described with reference to FIGS. 12 to 15.

The thickness turning processing referred to in this embodiment is
When a position input operation is performed on the thickness portion of the book using an input device such as a mouse, it refers to a process of opening a page corresponding to the input position.

In the present invention, in order to reduce the calculation processing,
As described above, as a method for creating a three-dimensional model of a book, instead of creating parts for each page and creating a three-dimensional model of a book by stacking them, as shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. In addition, a method is used in which a three-dimensional model of a book is constructed by forming surface parts.

Therefore, the thickness is created as a surface,
When a position is input for that thickness, a process that derives the page corresponding to that input position (thickness turning process)
Is required. Hereinafter, an example of an embodiment relating to the derivation method will be described.

FIG. 12 shows an embodiment of a region to which the thickness turning is applied. In the present embodiment example, the side surface (right) 60
4 as a thickness turning region 1401, 1402, 140
It decomposes into 3 of 3. Since it can be easily inferred that the side surface (left) 602 can be similarly disassembled, the following description will be omitted.

Regarding the thickness-turning region 1403, an embodiment of a method of deriving a corresponding page in turning-thickness will be described with reference to FIG.

In the present embodiment, the thickness-turning region is a region surrounded by four vertices whose coordinates can be derived as a model of the side surface part. Therefore, the other thickness turning regions 1401, 1
Also for 402, the same processing as the thickness turning area 1403 can be performed by setting the area surrounded by the four vertices which can be similarly derived as the coordinates of the model.

In FIG. 13, as one embodiment, f, f ', g', g of the area plane of the thickness turning area 1403 are shown.
It is shown that the region surrounded by the four vertices of is applied as a thickness turning inclination.

FIG. 14 shows a texture image corresponding to the area surrounded by the four vertices (obtained by matrix conversion of the area surrounded by the four vertices). u and v are texture coordinates (however, v coordinates are defined by the stacking direction)
Represents The texture image is distorted in order to apply the texture image (rectangular region) of the coordinate system u, v to the region (trapezoidal region) surrounded by the four vertices f, f ′, g ′, g Is applied to the area surrounded by the four vertices f, f ', g', g.

The calculation of the corresponding page with respect to the position input in the thickness-turning area 1403 is performed by deriving which position the input is made in the texture coordinate system as shown in FIG. For example, regarding the texture coordinate system, v = 0 corresponds to the currently open page, and v = 1 corresponds to the last page.

Here, since the coordinates obtained by the position input are the coordinates of the display system, the coordinate conversion based on the perspective conversion shown in FIG. 15 is carried out to obtain the coordinate point (X, Y) of the display coordinate system of the input position. ) Corresponds to which coordinate point (u, v) of the coordinate system of the texture image applied to the area surrounded by the four vertices f, f ′, g ′, g.

Four vertices f, f ', g', g in FIG.
When the transformation of FIG. 15 is applied with the area surrounded by the as the thickness-turning area, the coordinates of these four vertices are (X1, Y
1), (X2, Y2), (X3, Y3), (X4, Y
In 4), each coordinate is X1, X2, X3, X4, Y
By substituting for 1, Y2, Y3, Y4, the coordinates (X, Y) of the input position in the display system can be converted into one texture coordinate (u, v).

Of the texture coordinates (u, v) derived by such a method, the page corresponding to the input position can be calculated from the value of v. For example, as shown in FIG. 14, when the current page being displayed is the third page (3P) and the last page is the ninth page (9P), v = 0.5 is 6
It corresponds to the page.

In this way, the relevant page for the position input is derived, the number of pages is set to p and applied to the model of the side surface part and the model of the surface part, and the texture image to be attached to the model of each part constituting the model of the book. By renewing, you can turn the thickness.

(4) One Embodiment Example Concerning Model Arrangement of Each Part Constituting Three-Dimensional Book Model With reference to FIG. 16, one embodiment example concerning a model arrangement of each part composing the three-dimensional model of a book will be described. To do. Here, FIG. 16 shows the model layout of each component in the spread state.

The parts existing in the two-page spread state are shown on the cover (left 1
801, right 1804), spine cover 1805, page front
It is a side surface (left 1802, right 1803). Among them, the front cover and the back cover are arranged by a continuous transition (described in detail in an animation process described later) from the closed state, so that the page front surface / side surface determines the arrangement place accordingly.

FIG. 16 shows an embodiment of an arrangement in which left and right pages exist, but when all the pages are on the right side with only the front cover open, the left page surface / side surface 1802
Does not exist. The arrangement when the book is closed is the arrangement shown in FIG. The specific size portion shown in the embodiment example of FIG. 16 is an example when the thickness of the front cover / spine is 2.0 mm.

(5) One Embodiment Example Related to Hyperlink Processing One embodiment example related to the hyperlink processing will be described with reference to FIGS. 17 and 18.

The hyperlink processing is that when a position is input in a specific area provided on the paper (for example, a specific position is clicked with a mouse), an event set in that area is executed. . FIG. 17 shows an exemplary embodiment of book information having hyperlinks.

In the embodiment of the hyperlink processing, it is possible to realize the book information having such a hyperlink on a curved paper surface. The setting information about the hyperlink in the book information is stored in the storage unit.
The setting information includes, for each hyperlink, the number of pages to be arranged, the position of the hyperlink area specified by the texture coordinates (u, v), the size of the hyperlink area, and the type of event.

The events described in the present embodiment are of two types: a jump to a designated page and browsing of a designated URL. Here, in the jump to the designated page, the page that is currently opened to the page to which the jump is made is automatically turned. In browsing the designated URL, the WWW browser is activated to display the corresponding web page.

When the book information browsing device is realized on a personal computer, and the URL specifies a position within the file structure of the personal computer (for example, c: \ home \ tes
It is easily inferred that an application associated with an extension (for example, .txt) in advance is started for t.txt or the like).

The hyperlink area is realized by using a transparent model corresponding to the area size. The hyperlink region formed by this transparent model needs to be formed along the curved surface of the paper. If the hyperlink area formed by the plane defined by the coordinates of the start point and the coordinates of the end point is overlapped on the paper surface formed by the curved surface, the displacement of the area occurs due to the rotational movement of the viewpoint. Is not able to point to the hyperlink area.

In order to prevent this, as shown in FIG. 18, a transparent model of the hyperlink area is generated based on the curved surface forming the paper surface of the relevant page. That is, a transparent model of a hyperlink area having a six-sided structure with 14 vertices is generated in accordance with the model of the surface part (which has a six-sided structure with 14 vertices as seen from FIG. 11). Of.

When the number of vertices of the surface part model is increased, the number of vertices of the transparent model is correspondingly increased. By covering the page of the page with this transparent model along the curved surface, the event acquisition process at the time of position input is realized for this transparent model.

(6) One Embodiment Example Regarding Transparent Model Shape Generating Method One embodiment example relating to a transparent model shape generating method will be described with reference to FIG.

FIG. 19 shows the relationship between the surface part model and the transparent model of the hyperlink area when setting a hyperlink on the page of the page. Here, FIG.
17 shows the relationship between the surface part model and the transparent model.
An example of realizing the hyperlink area (a) shown in FIG.

Corresponding coordinates on the paper are calculated and assigned to the vertex coordinates of the start point and the end point of the transparent model from the left end and right end coordinates specified in the hyperlink information. The vertex coordinates of the surface part model existing between the start point and the end point are sequentially assigned to the remaining vertex coordinates. At this time, when there are not enough vertex coordinates to be assigned from the surface part model, the last vertex coordinates (f ′) of the surface part model are assigned to all the remaining.

In this way, since the surface part model and the transparent model in the hyperlink area have the same number of vertices, the shape along the paper surface can be formed without any problem at any place and range on the paper surface. It will be possible to generate.

For example, when realizing the hyperlink area (c) shown in FIG. 17, each of the six vertex coordinates of the transparent model of the hyperlink area is associated with all the vertices of the surface part model. .

If there is no vertex coordinate of the surface part model between the start point coordinate and the end point coordinate of the transparent model, the start point coordinate is applied to all except the end point coordinate.

(7) One Embodiment Example Related to Animation Processing An embodiment example related to animation processing will be described.

The animation processing realized by the present invention is 2
There is one. One is the opening and closing animation processing of the cover,
The other is page turning animation processing.

First, an example of an embodiment relating to cover opening / closing animation processing will be described.

The cover opening / closing animation process is shown in FIG.
(Or FIG. 6) from the state of FIG. 16 or vice versa, the model of the book is changed from the state of FIG. 16 to the state of FIG. 5 (or FIG. 6). This cover opening / closing animation process is realized in two stages. The coordinates of the vertices forming each part in the animation process can be easily derived by rotational movement about the z axis.

In the cover opening / closing animation process in this embodiment, the cover is rotated 180 degrees with respect to the z-axis in the first first stage. At this time, the angle of rotation in one frame is determined by referring to the number of animation frames specified by the model setting information stored in the storage unit. The contents of the book are generated at this timing, and the texture image of the first page is mapped on the surface. In the subsequent second stage, the spine is rotated 90 degrees and, at the same time, the contents of the book are curved to complete the process.

In the animation process for closing the cover, this process is reversed. That is, in the first step, the spine is rotated 90 degrees, and at the same time, the inside of the book is not curved, and in the second step, the cover is rotated 180 degrees to create a closed state.

Next, an example of an embodiment relating to page-turning animation processing will be described.

For page-by-page animation processing,
Two models of the surface part composed of points a ′ to g ′ shown in FIG. 8 are used. One model is responsible for the right half with respect to the z-axis, and the other model is responsible for the left half with respect to the z-axis. Both of these two models represent one page on the paper, but the curving directions (warping directions) are defined as opposites, and the texture coordinates are also reversed.

In the present invention, in order to reduce the calculation processing,
Instead of preparing a model for each page, a method of creating a model of a book as a box composed of several kinds of parts is used, and a method of mapping a texture image on only one page on the surface is used.

From now on, by using these two models and switching the two models around the z-axis in the operation of turning the page, it is possible to express as if the both sides of the page are textured. I am trying to do it.

The coordinates of the vertices which compose the model involved in the animation processing are derived using the above-described formulas for calculating the coordinates of the points a to g and a'to g '. In addition, in the present embodiment, the formula of each vertex coordinate is calculated using the same formula for all the frames, but in order to make the animation look more natural, the formula of the coordinate of each vertex is calculated for each frame of the animation. It is easy to apply different equations.

FIG. 20 shows an embodiment of the book information browsing apparatus of the present invention for realizing the book information browsing method of the present invention described above.

Next, an example of an embodiment of the book information browsing apparatus of the present invention configured as described above will be described.

The book information browsing apparatus of the present invention for realizing the book information browsing method of the present invention described above, as shown in FIG. 20, is a three-dimensional model data 2206 of a book that realizes a small calculation process. , Model setting information 2205,
The storage unit 22 that holds the book information 2207, the texture image 2208, and the hyperlink setting information 2211.
04, a control unit 2202 including a book information browsing processing unit 2209 that performs processing according to the above-described method for browsing book information, and a book information conversion unit 2210 that converts the book information 2207 into a texture image of a page, and various types. An input unit 2201 for inputting and a display unit 2203 for displaying book information as a three-dimensional book model are configured.

In the present embodiment, the book information 2207 is previously stored as the texture image, but the texture image may be generated from the book information composed of texts and images.

The book information browsing processing unit 2209, which performs processing according to the method for browsing book information described above, performs
A three-dimensional book model generation processing unit 2212 that generates a three-dimensional book model and also performs page turning animation by changing the coordinates forming the model.
A book information embedding processing unit 2213 that embeds book information as a texture image in the created three-dimensional book model; a thickness turning processing unit 2214 that turns the thickness of the user input; and a user input. And a hyperlink processing unit 2215 for performing hyperlink processing on the.

Each processing means included in the book information browsing apparatus of the present invention described above can be realized concretely by a computer program, and this computer program is provided by being recorded in a recording medium such as a semiconductor memory. can do.

An example of an embodiment relating to the process of displaying book information as a three-dimensional book will be described with reference to FIG.

When the book information is displayed as a three-dimensional book, the storage unit 2204 performs the processing of step 2301.
Read book information 2207 into the control unit 2202, and the book information conversion unit 2210 reads the read book information 22.
A texture image of the page is generated by converting 07 into a storage unit 2204 as a texture image 2208.
Save to. It should be noted that this process is not necessary when the book information is prepared in advance as a texture image.

Then, as the processing of step 2302,
The model setting information 2205 is read from the storage unit 2204. As an example of the model setting information, the number of sheets p that needs to be set as a method for browsing the book information,
There are thickness t of the paper surface, size r of the radius of curvature, and the like.

Then, as the processing of step 2303,
The model data 2206 described in the embodiment of the book information browsing method is read from the storage unit 2204 into the control unit 2202, and the book information browsing processing unit 2209 generates a three-dimensional book model.

Then, as the processing of step 2304,
The book information browsing processing unit 2209 reads a texture image 2208 required for a three-dimensional book model from the storage unit 2204.

Then, as the processing of step 2305,
The book information browsing processing unit 2209 maps the read texture image onto a three-dimensional book model.

In this way, the book information browsing processing unit 22
In 09, the book information is processed so as to be displayed as a three-dimensional book.

Next, an embodiment of the thickness turning processing executed by the thickness turning processing unit 2214 will be described with reference to FIG.

When the thickness turning process is executed, as the process of step 2401, the viewer inputs the position from the input unit, and therefore the position is detected. As an actual means, it is assumed that the mouse is used to click on the screen, but other input devices may be used.

Then, as the processing of step 2402,
Judge whether the input position is the area required for event processing. If it is a thickness-turning region that requires the thickness-turning process, the process proceeds to step 2403. If the area requires other event processing, step 2407
Appropriate processing is performed as the processing. If the area is where no event occurs, nothing is processed.

When proceeding to the processing of step 2403,
As the processing of step 2403, it is determined which thickness turning area the thickness area is. In this embodiment example,
There are six thickness turning regions. That is, there are six positions, that is, the surfaces 1401 to 1403 on the right side surface and the surface corresponding to them on the left side surface shown in FIG.

As can be easily imagined, in the case of a left-opening book, if there is an input to the thickness-turning area on the left side, it corresponds to the space between the left page opened at the time of input and the first page. If there is a page and there is an input to the thickness-turning region on the right side, there is a corresponding page between the right page opened at the time of input and the last page. The opposite is true for books that open to the right. Therefore, in the present embodiment, it is determined whether the designated thickness-turning region is on the left side face or the right side face.

Then, as the processing of step 2404,
In order to perform the thickness turning processing described with reference to FIGS. 12 to 15, the coordinates (X, Y) of the display system of the input position are acquired.

Subsequently, as the processing of step 2405,
The acquired coordinates (X, Y) are converted into texture coordinates (u, v) by the calculation method described in the thickness turning process described with reference to FIGS. 12 to 15, and the corresponding page is calculated based on that. .

In calculating the corresponding page, the judgment result in step 2403, that is, whether the designated thickness turning region is on the left side surface or the right side surface, and the book opening direction (right opening or left opening) Open) and the number of pages currently open.

Then, as the processing of step 2406,
Using the animation processing method described above, page turning animation processing is performed and the corresponding page is displayed.

In this way, the thickness turning processing unit 221
In No. 4, processing is performed so as to execute the thickness turning processing.

Next, with reference to FIG. 23, an embodiment of the hyperlink processing executed by the hyperlink processing unit 2215 will be described.

When executing hyperlink processing,
As the processing of step 2501, the viewer inputs a position from the input unit, and therefore inputs it. As an actual means, it is assumed that the mouse is used to click on the screen, but other input devices may be used.

Then, as the processing of step 2502,
Judge whether the input position is the area required for event processing. If the area is a hyperlink area that requires hyperlink processing, the process proceeds to step 2503. If the area requires other event processing, the corresponding processing is performed as the processing of step 2508. Also,
If the event has no event, do nothing.

When proceeding to the processing of step 2503,
As the processing of step 2503, it is determined which hyperlink area is designated from the coordinates of the input position.

Then, as the processing of step 2504,
The setting information of the designated hyperlink area is acquired from the setting information of the hyperlink.

Then, as the processing of step 2505,
The type of hyperlink event described in the acquired setting information is determined, and if the event is a page turning event to the designated page, the process proceeds to step 2506,
If it is a viewing event of the specified URL, step 25
The process moves to 07.

Then, in the case of proceeding to the processing of step 2506, as the processing of step 2506, the page turning animation processing is performed using the above-mentioned animation processing method and the designated page is displayed.

On the other hand, in the case of proceeding to the processing of step 2507, as the processing of step 2507, the Web browser is activated to display the designated URL.

In this way, the hyperlink processing unit 2
215 performs processing so as to execute hyperlink processing.

Although the present invention has been described according to the illustrated embodiment examples, the present invention is not limited thereto. For example,
In the embodiment, the configuration in which the three-dimensional model of the book that expresses the curvature near the spine cover using the circumference is used, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the configuration near the spine cover is used. It is also possible to adopt a configuration of using a three-dimensional model of a book that expresses using other curves, such as expressing the curvature by an ellipse.

[0158]

As described above, according to the present invention,
By realizing the browsing of book information by a three-dimensional book model composed of planes, even if the book information becomes enormous, the calculation processing does not become complicated and increase, and
You will be able to browse book information with high expressiveness.

It is considered that it is difficult to realize the thickness turning with the three-dimensional book model constituted by such a surface, but the present invention makes it easy for the user. You will be able to browse the book information.

When the book information is applied to such a curved paper surface, it may be difficult to realize the book information having hyperlinks. However, the present invention makes it possible. , You can also realize the hyperlink function.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an example of book information to be processed by the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an exemplary embodiment of a display mode of book information realized by the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an example of an embodiment of a display form of book information realized by the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an example embodiment of a book model modeled in the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an example embodiment of a model of a book modeled in the present invention.

FIG. 6 is an example embodiment of a book model modeled in the present invention.

FIG. 7 is an example embodiment of a book model modeled in the present invention.

FIG. 8 is an example embodiment of a model of a book modeled in the present invention.

FIG. 9 is an example embodiment of a book model modeled in the present invention.

FIG. 10 is an example embodiment of a texture image mapping method.

FIG. 11 is an example embodiment of a texture image mapping method.

FIG. 12 is an exemplary embodiment of a thickness turning process.

FIG. 13 is an exemplary embodiment of a thickness turning process.

FIG. 14 is an example of an embodiment of a thickness turning process.

FIG. 15 is an exemplary embodiment of a thickness turning process.

FIG. 16 is an example of an embodiment of a model layout of each part constituting a model of a book.

FIG. 17 is an exemplary embodiment of a hyperlink process.

FIG. 18 is an exemplary embodiment of a hyperlink process.

FIG. 19 is an exemplary embodiment of a hyperlink process.

FIG. 20 shows an embodiment of the book information browsing device of the present invention.

FIG. 21 is an exemplary embodiment of a processing flow of book information display processing.

FIG. 22 is an example of an embodiment of a processing flow of thickness turning processing.

FIG. 23 is an exemplary embodiment of a processing flow of hyperlink processing.

[Explanation of symbols] 2201 Input section 2202 control unit 2203 display 2204 storage 2205 Model setting information 2206 model data 2207 Book information 2208 texture image 2209 Book information browsing processing unit 2210 Book information converter 2211 Hyperlink setting information 2212 Three-dimensional book model generation processing unit 2213 Book Information Embedded Processing Unit 2214 Thickness turning processing unit 2215 Hyperlink processing unit

Continued front page    (72) Inventor Junji Takeuchi             2-3-1, Otemachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo             Inside Telegraph and Telephone Corporation (72) Toru Sadakata             2-3-1, Otemachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo             Inside Telegraph and Telephone Corporation F-term (reference) 5B069 AA01 BA04 BB04 CA03 DD15                 5B075 PQ54 UU11                 5E501 AA03 AB05 AC22 BA05 CA04                       CB07 EA12 FA13 FA15 FA46                       FB33

Claims (16)

[Claims] 1. A book information browsing method used for browsing book information in an electronic format, comprising the step of retrieving a model of a book spread state composed of a plurality of face parts from a means for storing the model, By applying the thickness of the book information on the browsed side and the thickness of the book information on the browsing side to the two-page spread model, the process of generating an image of the two-page spread of the book, and the book information of the browse page, the two-page spread model And a step of mapping the browsing page layout position of the book page on a surface component. 2. A book information browsing method used for browsing book information in an electronic format, comprising a plurality of surface parts, and a book spread that models the vicinity of a spine cover at a plurality of points on a prescribed curve. The state model,
The thickness of the book information on the browsed side and the thickness of the book information on the browsing side are calculated according to the process of taking out the model from the means for storing and the paper surface attribute information of the browsing page and the book information of the browsing target, and calculate it. By applying the spread state model to the image of the spread state of the book, the coordinate position of the book information of the browse page associated with the above-mentioned curve point is calculated, and the browse page is calculated according to the calculated coordinate position. And a step of mapping the book information of the book information to a surface component of the browse page layout position of the spread state model. 3. The book information browsing method according to claim 2, wherein a book spread state model that is composed of a plurality of surface parts and models the vicinity of the spine cover at a plurality of points on a prescribed curve is generated. A book information browsing method, characterized by comprising the step of storing the generated model in a means for storing the model. 4. The book information browsing method according to claim 2, wherein the closed model of the book composed of a plurality of face parts is taken out from the means for storing the model, and the book to be browsed. The method includes a process of generating an image of a book in a closed state by applying the thickness of information to the closed state model, and a process of mapping book information on the cover to the cover surface parts of the closed state model. A book information browsing method characterized by that. 5. The book information browsing method according to claim 4, wherein a closed model of a book including a plurality of surface parts is generated, and the generated model is stored in a means for storing the model. A method of browsing book information, characterized by comprising a process of: 6. The book information browsing method according to claim 4, wherein the cover surface component is rotated 180 degrees in the cover opening direction in response to the cover opening operation, and the book information of the first page is displayed. A step of mapping to the surface part of the browsing page arrangement position of the spread state model, subsequently rotating the spine surface part by 90 degrees in that direction, and curving the contents of the book according to the spread state model; A method of browsing book information, characterized by: 7. The book information browsing method according to claim 4, wherein the spine cover surface component is rotated 90 degrees in the closing direction of the cover in response to the operation of closing the cover, and is curved according to the spread state model. The curving of the book contents is erased, and subsequently, the cover surface part is rotated 180 degrees in that direction, and the book information of the first page mapped to the surface part at the browsing page placement position of the spread state model is displayed. A method of browsing book information, characterized by comprising a process of erasing. 8. The book information browsing method according to claim 2, wherein the step of detecting a position input to a surface component indicating the thickness of the book held by the spread state image, and the position input A book information browsing method, comprising the step of updating the book information of the spread state image and the mapped browse page by identifying a designated page and using it as a new browse page. 9. The book information browsing method according to any one of claims 2 to 8, wherein a hyper model of a browsing page is created by using a transparent model of a hyperlink area having the same point configuration as the points on the curve. A method for browsing book information, characterized by comprising the step of setting a link area on a browsing page along the browsing page. 10. The book information browsing method according to claim 2, wherein when the browsing page is switched from the browsing side to the browsed side in accordance with the turning operation of the browsing page, the browsing is performed. A method of browsing book information, characterized by comprising the step of erasing the book information of the page and mapping the book information of the back page to the back side of the browse page. 11. The book information browsing method according to claim 2, wherein the spread state model calculated in a prescribed unit is taken out from the means for storing the spread state model, and is actually used. A book information browsing method, characterized by comprising the step of creating the two-page spread model to be actually used by changing the extracted model by ratio calculation according to the size of the model to be used. 12. The book information browsing method according to any one of claims 2 to 11, wherein the spread state model calculated in a prescribed unit when updating the spread state image by updating a browse page. A method for browsing book information, characterized by comprising the step of creating the updated two-page spread image by referring to the changed size amount and calculating the ratio thereof. 13. A book information browsing apparatus used for browsing book information in an electronic format, comprising means for storing a model of a book spread state composed of a plurality of surface parts, and means for storing the model. A means for extracting the spread state model, a means for generating an image of the spread state of the book by applying the thickness of the book information on the browsed side and the thickness of the book information on the browsing side to the spread state model, and A book information browsing device, comprising: means for mapping book information to a surface component at a browsing page layout position of the spread state model. 14. A book information browsing device used for browsing book information in electronic format, comprising a plurality of surface parts, and a book spread that models the vicinity of a spine cover at a plurality of points on a prescribed curve. According to the means for storing the state model, the means for extracting the spread state model from the storing means, and the page attribute information of the browsing page and the book information of the browsing target, the thickness and browsing of the book information on the browsed side. A means for generating an image of the book spread state by calculating the thickness of the book information on the side and applying it to the model of the book spread state, and the coordinate position of the book information of the browse page associated with the point on the curve And means for mapping the book information of the browsing page to the surface part of the browsing page layout position of the spread state model according to the calculated coordinate position. Steal, book information browsing device according to claim. 15. A book information browsing program for causing a computer to execute the process used to realize the book information browsing method according to claim 1. Description: 16. A book information browsing program recording medium for recording a program for causing a computer to execute the process used to implement the book information browsing method according to claim 1. Description: