JP2003091279A - Automatic player and method for setting tempo of automatic playing - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable a user to easily set a desired tempo by a tap operation. SOLUTION: An automatic player is provided with a storage means storing playing data, an automatic playing means reading the playing data stored in the storage means and performing automatic playing, a tap operator for performing the tap operation, a measurement means measuring a time interval by the successive tap operations of the tap operator, and a control means controlling the automatic playing means so as to start the automatic playing of the playing data of a section equivalent to a prescribed beat number at the tempo corresponding to the time interval measured in the measurement means when the tap operator is operated, make the automatic playing stand by in the case of ending the automatic playing of the playing data of the section before the next tap operation is performed, and read the playing data of the section equivalent to the next prescribed beat number and perform the automatic playing in the case that the next tap operation is performed before ending the automatic playing of the playing data of the section.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an automatic performance device and a tempo setting method for automatic performance, and more specifically,
The present invention relates to an automatic performance device suitable for a user to set an arbitrary tempo and an automatic performance tempo setting method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in an electronic musical instrument (sequencer) or an electronic musical instrument having an automatic musical performance function, when setting the tempo of an automatic musical performance, a tap operator provided in the automatic musical instrument or the electronic musical instrument is desired. The tempo of the automatic performance is set by performing a tapping operation at a time interval of "(In this specification, the" tapping operation "is appropriately referred to as a" tapping operation "."). There is.

In such a tap operation, when the tempo value indicating the tempo of automatic performance is calculated, for example, a value obtained by averaging time intervals for each tap operation in a predetermined number of tap operations is used.

That is, the conventional setting of the tempo of the automatic performance by the tap operation is performed only by the timing of the tap operation by the user. Therefore, in order to actually set the automatic performance to a desired tempo by the tap operation, the user himself sets the time interval of the tap operation operated by the user himself and the tempo of the automatic performance set by the tap operation. It was necessary to set the tempo by tapping while weighing in my head.

However, it is troublesome for the user to perform the tap operation while comparing the two time intervals of the time interval of the tap operation and the time interval of the tempo of the actual automatic performance as described above. was there.

Since the tap operation and the automatic performance are not synchronized with each other, for example, when the automatic performance is performed with another rhythm or the like, the automatic performance device or an electronic musical instrument having an automatic performance function is used together. However, there was a problem that it was difficult to match the timing of beats only by tapping.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the problems of the above-mentioned conventional techniques, and the purpose thereof is to allow the user to easily perform a desired tempo by tapping. The present invention is intended to provide an automatic performance device and a method for setting a tempo for automatic performance, which can be set.

Further, the object of the present invention is to perform tapping only when playing together with another automatic playing device that is automatically playing at another rhythm or an electronic musical instrument having an automatic playing function. It is an object of the present invention to provide an automatic performance device and a method of setting a tempo for automatic performance, in which beat timings can be easily adjusted.

[0009]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention calculates a tempo value based on the timing of tap operation, that is, the time interval of tap operation, and at the same time, performs automatic performance and tap operation. It is designed to be synchronized. Specifically, when the tempo setting by tap operation is instructed, the performance during the automatic performance is stopped, the tempo value is calculated based on the timing of the tap operation, and the performance data of the section corresponding to the predetermined number of beats is automatically played. It is something that is done.

Note that the automatic performance may be automatically restarted when the tempo setting by the tap operation is canceled.

That is, the invention according to claim 1 of the present invention comprises a storage means for storing performance data, an automatic performance means for automatically reading out the performance data stored in the storage means, and a tap operation. When the tap operating element is operated, the tap operating element for performing, a measuring means for measuring the time interval by the tap operation before and after the tap operating element,
The automatic performance of the performance data of the section corresponding to the predetermined number of beats is started at the tempo according to the time interval measured by the measuring means, and the automatic performance of the performance data of the section is started before the next tap operation is performed. When it finishes, it waits for the automatic performance, and when the next tap operation is performed before finishing the automatic performance of the performance data of the above section, the performance data of the section corresponding to the next predetermined number of beats is read out. A control means for controlling the automatic performance means so as to automatically perform the performance is provided.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, the tempo of the performance during the automatic performance is set by tapping the tap operator during the automatic performance by reading the stored performance data. In the automatic performance tempo setting method, the first step of calculating the tempo based on the time interval between the previous and subsequent tap operations, and when the tap operator is operated, the tempo of the first step is set to a predetermined number of beats. If the automatic performance of the performance data of the corresponding section is started and the automatic performance of the performance data of the above section is finished before the next tap operation is performed, the automatic performance is waited and the automatic performance of the performance data of the above section is performed. If the next tap operation is performed before the end, the second step of reading the performance data of the section corresponding to the next predetermined number of beats and performing the automatic performance is provided. A.

[0013]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An example of an embodiment of an automatic performance device and a tempo setting method for automatic performance according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the overall construction of an example of an embodiment of an automatic performance device according to the present invention.

The automatic performance device is constructed so that its entire operation is controlled by using a central processing unit (CPU) 10. The CPU 10 is a read only
The program stored in the memory (ROM) 14 is executed, and the automatic performance main processing shown in the flowcharts of FIGS.

The CPU 10 includes a ROM 14 in which a program executed by the CPU 10 for controlling operations such as automatic performance main processing shown in the flowcharts of FIGS. 4 to 5 is stored via a bus (BUS) 12. , CP
It is a working memory in which various buffers and registers necessary for executing a program by U10 and a performance data storage area for reading performance data stored in an external memory 22 described later are automatically read. Random access memory (RA
M) 16 and an operator group 1 including various operators to be described later
8, a display device 20 for displaying the setting state of the automatic performance device, an external memory 22 for storing various performance data, and the like, starting the generation of a tone signal based on the performance data, and based on the performance data. The sound source 24, which terminates the generation of the tone signal, is connected.

An amplifier 26 is connected to the sound source 24, and a speaker 28 is connected to the amplifier 26.
The musical tone signal generated by the sound source 24 is emitted into the space as a musical tone that can be heard via the amplifier 26 and the speaker 28.

The external memory 22 means a removable storage medium such as a flexible disk or SmartMedia (trademark), an external hard disk, or the like.

FIG. 2 shows an operation panel 10 in which various operators forming the operator group 18 and a display device 20 are arranged.
0 is a schematic configuration explanatory diagram of 0.

Here, as operators related to the implementation of the present invention which constitute the operator group 18, a selection + button 18a and a selection-button for selecting performance data to be automatically performed.
Each time the button 18b (selection + button 18a is operated, the performance data arranged in order can be sequentially selected in ascending order, and each time the selection−button 18b is operated, the performance data arranged in order can be selected in descending order. , And the select + button 18a or select-button 1
The start button 18c for instructing the start of the automatic performance of the performance data selected by the operation of 8b, the stop button 18d for instructing the stop of the automatic performance started by the operation of the start button 18c, and the ON button when pressed. Tap A button 1 that turns off when not pressed next
8e and tap B button 18f for tap operation
And are provided.

The display device 20 is provided with a display screen 20a composed of, for example, a liquid crystal display (LCD). On the display screen 20a, the music title, performance tempo or time signature of the currently selected performance data is displayed. Is displayed.

Next, FIG. 3 is a block configuration diagram functionally showing the configuration of the above-described automatic performance apparatus according to the present invention.

The automatic performance main processing section 10a, which is realized by the control of the CPU 10, carries out a main process for performing an automatic performance in this automatic performance device. The details will be described later with reference to the flowcharts shown in FIGS.

Operator group 1 provided on the operation panel 100
Reference numeral 8 generates operation information corresponding to each operator in response to the operation of each operator by the user, and issues an event corresponding to the operation information to the automatic performance main processing unit 10a. As the operation information, start information indicating the start of automatic performance (Sta
rt), stop information (Sto
p), music selection information indicating performance data selected for automatic performance, tap A information (TapA) indicating operation of the tap A button 18e, and tap B information (TapB) indicating operation of the tap B button 18f. . The operation panel 100 also receives a display instruction from the automatic performance main processing section 10a for displaying predetermined information on the display screen 20a of the display device 20.

The performance data storage area of the RAM 16 can be loaded with performance data from the external memory 22 and stored, and the performance data stored in the performance data storage area of the RAM 16 can be saved in the external memory 22. it can. The automatic performance main processing unit 10a loads the performance data of the selected music from the external memory 22 and stores it in the performance data storage area of the RAM 16 according to the music selection instruction according to the music selection information, and reads the performance data according to the address information. Play automatically.

A clock timer (Timer) 10b attached to the CPU 10 is an automatic performance main processing unit 10a.
A predetermined cycle is set by the automatic performance main processing unit 1
A clock event is issued at a fixed cycle set for 0a. Further, the clock timer 10b is instructed by the automatic performance main processing unit 10a to set to the Run state or the Stop state. Here, the clock timer 10b permits the issuance of the clock event when set to the Run state, and prohibits the issuance of the clock event when set to the Stop state.

The tap interval measuring timer 10c attached to the CPU 10 measures the time interval of the tap operation (hereinafter, in the present specification, the "time interval of the tap operation" is appropriately referred to as the "tap interval"). When the automatic performance main processing unit 10a is instructed to measure the tap interval, the timer unit measures the time interval of the tap operation of the tap B button 18f, and the time interval is automatically set as a variable T (described later). It is given to the performance main processing unit 10a.

The automatic performance main processing in this automatic performance apparatus will be described with reference to the flowcharts shown in FIG. 3 and FIGS. 4 to 5 in the above configuration. First, the variables used in the automatic performance main processing will be described. This will be described with reference to FIG.

First, the variable cnt takes an integer value of "0 to 25". Among these integer values, “1 to 24” indicates a clock number within one beat, “0” indicates that the automatic performance is stopped, and “25” indicates that the beat boundary is waiting. Show. The variable bn indicates the total number of beats from the start of performance. The variable TapEna is Yes when the tap A button 18e is pressed (on), and No when the tap A button 18e is not pressed (off). The variable TapNum indicates the number of tap operations (the number of presses) of the tap B button 18f after the tap A button 18e is turned on, that is, after the variable TapEna is Yes. The variable T indicates the tap interval of the tap B button 18f, that is, the time interval of the tap operation.

When the power of this automatic performance device is turned on,
The routine of the automatic performance main process is started. First, the initialization process initializes the cycle for issuing a clock event to the clock timer 10b, initializes the tap interval measurement timer 10c, and initializes the performance data storage area of the RAM 16. Necessary initialization such as initialization and initialization of the sound source 24 is performed (S402), and the arrival of an event is waited for (S404).

When the start button 18c is operated to instruct the start of the automatic performance and the event corresponding to the start information arrives (S406), 1 is assigned to the variable bn and the variable cnt (S408). ), The performance data of the variable cnt clock of the beat corresponding to the variable bn, that is, the performance data of the first clock is output to the sound source 24, the variable cnt is advanced by one, and the clock timer 10b
Is set to the run state (S410).

On the other hand, when the stop button 18d is operated to instruct the stop of the automatic performance and the event corresponding to the stop information arrives (S412), the clock timer 10b is set to the stop state (S414), and the variable cnt is set. It is set to 0 (S416), and the sound being sounded is muted (S418). Note that since a known method can be used for the process of muting the sound being sounded, detailed description thereof will be omitted.

Further, the selection + button 18a or the selection-
When the button 18b is operated and an event corresponding to the music selection information arrives (S420), the performance data of the selected music is loaded from the external memory 22 and stored in the performance data storage area of the RAM 16, and the performance data is stored. Prepare for playback (S422). A publicly known method can be used for the process of storing the performance data of the selected music piece in the performance data storage area of the RAM 16 and preparing to reproduce the performance data. Is omitted.

When the clock event issued by the clock timer 10b is received (S424), the performance data of the variable cnt clock of the beat corresponding to the current variable bn is output to the sound source 24 (S426), and the variable cnt is set. Advance one step (S428).

When the processing of S428 ends, the variable cnt
It is determined whether the value of is 24 or more (S430).
By judging whether or not the value of the variable cnt is 24 or more, it is possible to judge whether the performance reaches the beat boundary or is the normal performance within the beat.

Here, when the value of the variable cnt is 24 or more, that is, when the variable cnt is 25 and waiting at the beat boundary, it is determined whether the variable TapEna is Yes (S432).

In the determination processing of S432, the variable Tap
If Ena is Yes, that is, if the tap A button 18e is pressed, the clock timer 10b is set to the stop state to wait for taps (S434), and the process returns to S404.

On the other hand, in the determination processing of S432, the variable TapEna is not Yes, that is, the variable TapEna.
Is No and the tap A button 18e is not pressed, it is assumed that the next beat is advanced and the clock timer 10b is kept in the run state, and the variable bn is advanced by 1 and 1 is assigned to the variable cnt. And then (S43
6) and returns to the processing of S404.

If it is determined in the determination processing of S430 that the value of the variable cnt is not 24 or more,
Since it is the normal performance within the beat, the process directly returns to S404.

Next, when an event arrives which indicates that the tap A button 18e is pressed and turned on (S43).
8) and substitute Yes for the variable TapEna (S44).
0), and 0 is further substituted for the variable TapNum (S44
2) Prepare for the process when the tap B button 18f is tapped, and then return to the process of S404.

When the tap B button 18f is tapped and the event arrives (S444), it is determined whether the variable TapEna is Yes (S44).
6).

If the variable TapEna is Yes, the tempo is calculated from the time interval of the tap operation and the new cycle corresponding to the tempo is set in the clock timer 10b in the processing of S448 to S454. Specifically, it is determined whether the variable TapNum is 0 (S448), and when the variable TapNum is not 0,
The cycle (T / 24) is set in the clock timer 10b (S450), and the measurement of the variable T indicating the tap interval is started (S452). However, the variable TapNum is 0
If it is, measurement of the variable T indicating the tap interval is started as it is (S452). Then the variable TapNu
Increment m by 1 (S454).

Further, by judging whether or not the variable cnt is 1 or more and 24 or less (S456), it is judged whether or not the normal performance within the beat is being performed, in other words, the middle of the current beat is being performed. Determine whether or not.

In the determination processing of S456, when it is determined that the middle of the current beat is being played, the performance data within that beat is ended, that is, the current variable cnt.
To the variable cnt = 24 are output to the sound source 24 and reproduced in a hurry (S458), and the next beat is reproduced (S462 to S464). Specifically, the variable bn is advanced by 1 and 1 is assigned to the variable cnt (S46).
2) The performance data of the variable cnt clock of the beat corresponding to the variable bn is output to the sound source 24, the variable cnt is advanced by 1, and the clock timer 10b is set to the run state (S).
464). Then, the process returns to S404.

On the other hand, in the determination processing of S456, when it is determined that the middle of the current beat is not being played, it is determined whether or not the variable cnt is 25 (S460), and the variable c is determined.
When nt is 25, that is, when waiting at the beat boundary, the process immediately moves to the reproduction of the next beat (S462 to S4).
64) and then the process returns to S404.

In S460, the variable cnt is 2
When it is not determined that the variable is 5, the variable cnt =
Since it is 0 and is stopped, the process directly returns to S404.

Next, when an event indicating that the tap A button 18e is no longer pressed and is turned off arrives (S466), No is set in the variable TapEna (S468), and it is determined whether the variable cnt is 25. If it is determined that the variable cnt is 25, that is, if the variable cnt is on standby at the beat boundary, the next beat is reproduced (S472 to S474). Specifically, the variable bn is advanced by 1 and 1 is assigned to the variable cnt (S47).
2) The performance data of the variable cnt clock of the beat corresponding to the variable bn is output to the sound source 24, the variable cnt is advanced by 1, and the clock timer 10b is set to the run state (S).
474). Then, the process returns to S404.

Next, referring to FIGS. 7 and 8, the on / off operation of the tap A button 18e and the tap B
An operation example of the reproduction processing of the performance data by the tap operation of the button 18f will be described.

7 (a) and 8 (a) are diagrams showing a case where certain performance data is reproduced at a cycle tp of a predetermined tempo (tempo before tapping the tap B button 18f). □ The horizontal length of the figure represents the playback time per beat.

Performance data per beat is, for example, MI.
Reading is performed in units such as DI F8 clock. In the description relating to FIGS. 7 and 8, one beat is read out at 24 clocks. That is, depending on the tempo,
It is assumed that the performance data is read out by stepping the clock in a cycle of "time per beat / 24". From this, in the case of (a) in FIG. 7 and FIG. 8, “tp / 24”
The performance data is read out by stepping the clock in the cycle.

FIGS. 7 (c) and 8 (c) show the timing of the tap operation of the tap B button 18f, and t1 to t4 respectively show the tap operation of the tap B button 18f, where t1 is the tap. A button 18
e is turned on to indicate the first tap operation, and similarly,
At t2, t3, and t4, the tap A button 18e is turned on, and the second, third, and fourth tap operations are performed, respectively. T1 represents the tap interval between t1 and t2, and
2 indicates the tap interval between t2 and t3, and T3 indicates t3 and t
4 shows the tap interval with 4 ("T1" in FIG. 7).
<T2 <T3 ”is shown, and in FIG. 8,“ T1 =
The case of "T2 = T3" is shown. ).

In FIG. 7C, the tempo cycle is "T1>
7 ”, the performance tempo is slower than that in FIG. 7A, and the beat timing is out of alignment with FIG. 7A. On the other hand, in FIG. 8C, the tempo cycle is “T1 <
tp ”, the performance tempo is faster than that in FIG. 8A, and the beat timing deviates from that in FIG. 8A.

FIGS. 7 (b) and 8 (b) are time-series illustrations of patterns in which performance data is reproduced by tapping the tap B button 18f according to the present invention.

When the tap A button 18e is pressed while playing data is reproduced at the tempo shown in FIG. 7A, the tap B button 18f enters a tap operation input mode, and the tap A button 18e is pressed. After the performance data of the beat at the specified timing is read to the end, the reading of the performance data is stopped. After that, tap B button 18f
One tap is reproduced for each tap operation, and the period of the clock timer 10b is based on the tap operation interval.
That is, the tempo is changed. When the tap A button 18e is released, the input mode is released and the automatic performance is restarted at the changed tempo.

Therefore, in this case, since the tempo cycle of the performance data A in FIG. 7 is "T1>tp", it is [tp / 24] cycle, and the performance data B is [T1 / 24]. The performance data C is [T2 / 24] cycle, and the performance data D is [T3].
/ 24] cycle, since the tap A button 18e is turned off during the reproduction of the performance data D for the performance data E and thereafter, at the [T3 / 24] cycle previously set,
Reads performance data per beat.

8 is basically the same as that of FIG. 7, but in FIG. 8, "T1 <tp" is established,
The playing tempo is getting faster. Therefore, in FIG. 7B, the performance data per beat is read for the performance data A at the clock cycle of [tp / 24].
As for FIG. 8B, since the tap operation (t2) next to the tap B button 18f is performed before the end of reading one beat, the remaining data of the performance data A is suddenly set to the maximum speed at the timing of the tap operation (t2). The clock is read out, and processing for the reproduction of the performance data B is performed in time.

The above embodiment may be modified as shown in the following (1) to (4).

(1) In the above embodiment, the method shown in S448 to S454 of FIG. 5 is used as the tempo calculation method, but it is needless to say that the method is not limited to this. For example, as shown in FIG. 9, a moving average may be calculated between the past maximum three times and the current time interval. Further, if the past data is less than three times, the average may be calculated only for a certain amount.

(2) In the above embodiment, when the tempo is set, the tempo is set by tapping the tempo when the tempo setting instruction operator (tap A button 18e) is set. However, the present invention is not limited to this, the tempo setting operator is omitted, and the setting state is entered when the tap operator (tap B button 18f) is first tapped, and the setting state is automatically exited when the tap operation is performed a predetermined number of times. You may comprise. The tempo setting operator may be omitted, and the setting state may be entered when the tap operator is first tapped, and the setting state may be automatically exited when the tap operator is continuously pressed for a predetermined time or longer. .

(3) In the above embodiment, the performance data for one tap operation is reproduced for one beat when the tempo is set by the tap operation. However, the present invention is not limited to this. Is. For example,
The performance data may be reproduced only for a section corresponding to a predetermined number of beats for one tap operation.

(4) The above-described embodiments and the modifications described in (1) to (3) above may be combined appropriately.

[0062]

Since the present invention is configured as described above, it has the excellent effect that the user can easily set a desired tempo by tapping.

Further, since the present invention is constructed as described above, it is possible to perform it together with another automatic performance device which is automatically performing at another rhythm or the like, or an electronic musical instrument having an automatic performance function. In this case, there is an excellent effect that the timing of beats can be easily adjusted only by tap operation.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block configuration diagram showing an overall configuration of an example of an embodiment of an automatic performance device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration explanatory diagram of an operation panel on which various operators forming a controller group and a display device are arranged.

FIG. 3 is a block configuration diagram functionally showing the configuration of the automatic musical instrument according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a routine of automatic performance main processing.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing a routine of automatic performance main processing.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of variables used in automatic performance main processing.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of an operation example of reproduction processing of performance data by a tap operation.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of an operation example of reproduction processing of performance data by a tap operation.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing a tempo calculation method.

[Explanation of symbols]

10 Central processing unit (CPU) 12 Bus (BUS) 14 Read-only memory (ROM) 16 Random access memory (RAM) 18 Operator group 18a selection + button 18b selection-button 18c Start button 18d stop button 18e Tap A button 18f tap B button 20 display 20a display screen 22 External memory 24 sound sources 26 amplifiers 28 speakers 100 operation panel

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A storage means for storing performance data, an automatic performance means for automatically reading out the performance data stored in the storage means, a tap operator for performing a tap operation, and a tap operator for the tap operation. When the tap operation element is operated, the measuring means for measuring the time interval by the front and rear tap operations, and when the tap operation element is operated, the performance data of the section corresponding to the predetermined number of beats at the tempo according to the time interval measured by the measuring means is displayed. If the automatic performance is started and the automatic performance of the performance data of the section is finished before the next tap operation is performed, the automatic performance is waited, and the next tap is performed before the automatic performance of the performance data of the section is finished. An automatic performance device having a control means for controlling the automatic performance means so that when the operation is performed, the performance data of the section corresponding to the next predetermined number of beats is read and automatically played. 2. The automatic performance tempo setting method, wherein the tempo of the performance during the automatic performance is set by tapping the tap operator during the automatic performance by reading the stored performance data. The first step of calculating the tempo based on the time interval of, and when the tap operator is operated, the automatic performance of the performance data of the section corresponding to the predetermined beat at the tempo by the first step is started, When the automatic performance of the performance data of the section is completed before the next tap operation is performed, the automatic performance is on standby, and the next tap operation is performed before the automatic performance of the performance data of the section is completed. Is a tempo setting method for automatic performance having a second step of reading performance data in a section corresponding to the next predetermined number of beats and performing automatic performance.