JP2003090085A - Outer wall substrate panel and method for constructing unit building using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an outer wall substrate panel for use in a building unit which can be assembled at once, and to provide a method for efficiently constructing a unit building using the outer wall substrate panel. SOLUTION: The outer wall substrate panel is formed of a framework 11 which is almost equal in size and shape to an area enclosed by columns and beams in one side surface (a longitudinal surface 5 or a transverse surface 6) of the building unit U, a heat insulating material 13 installed in the framework 11, a waterproof sheet 15 fixed to an outer surface of the framework 11, and an inner surface material 14 fixed to an inner surface. Then, the outer wall substrate panel is fitted into the longitudinal surface 5 (or transverse surface 6) of the building unit U.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an outer wall foundation panel used for a building unit and a method of constructing a unit building using the outer wall foundation panel.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A box-shaped building unit produced in advance at a factory is transported to a construction site, joined at a construction site, and assembled into a unit building, which is widely used due to its good workability on site and quality control. It is popular.

On the other hand, it has been proposed to use an outer wall base panel when constructing an outer wall of a house or the like. For example, in Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 6-89570, a heat insulating material is arranged in a frame material, an interior base material is fixed to the interior side, and a waterproof sheet is fixed to the exterior side, and an exterior base rail is attached from above the waterproof sheet. Fixed. And such an outer wall foundation panel is attached in the construction site.

[0004]

However, when such an outer wall foundation panel is applied to a unit building, the outer wall foundation panel may be attached to the building unit in advance at the factory. However, the conventionally proposed outer wall foundation panel has been proposed. Since the width is about 90 cm at most, the maximum width of the girder surface of a general building unit exceeds 5 m, and the number of assembly steps increases if a conventional narrow outer wall base panel is used. There was a problem.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an outer wall base panel used in a building unit that can be incorporated at once. Another object of the present invention is to provide an efficient construction method for a unit building using such an outer wall foundation panel.

[0006]

In order to solve the above problems, the invention according to claim 1 is a frame having a size and shape substantially equal to a region surrounded by columns and beams on one side of a building unit, and the frame. An outer wall base panel characterized by being used in a building unit comprising a heat insulating material loaded inside, a sheet-like waterproof material fixed to the outer surface of the frame, and an inner surface material fixed to the inner surface. .

When such an outer wall foundation panel is used, the outer wall foundation panel is formed by a frame whose size is substantially equal to the area surrounded by the pillars and beams on one side of the building unit. , Can be incorporated into the area at once.

Further, since the outer wall base panel can be provided with a sheet-like waterproof material with few joints on the outer surface side, it is possible to perform reliable waterproofing by using, for example, a waterproof sheet as the sheet-like waterproof material. The reliability can be increased.

The invention according to claim 2 is the outer wall foundation panel for a building unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the frame is made of steel.

According to this structure, since the frame is made of steel and has high dimensional accuracy, even a large-sized outer wall foundation panel can be incorporated in one side surface of the building unit.

The invention according to claim 3 uses a building unit having a region surrounded by columns and beams on one side surface, and the outer wall foundation panel according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the outer wall foundation panel is provided on the one side surface. After loading, the building unit is transported to a construction site, the building unit is joined in the vertical or planar direction at the construction site to assemble the unit building, and then the outer wall material is loaded on the outer surface of the unit building. This is the construction method of the characteristic unit building.

According to this structure, the outer wall foundation panel according to claim 1 or 2 is assembled on one side of a building unit having a region surrounded by columns and beams on one side, and then the unit is installed on the construction site. The building is assembled and then the exterior materials are loaded.

As a result, in a factory for assembling building units, the number of construction steps for incorporating the outer wall base panel into each building unit is greatly reduced.

At the construction site, a long or short exterior material can be arbitrarily loaded depending on the purpose.

If the exterior material is loaded at the construction site, the exterior material can be loaded across the building units. In this case, it is not necessary to apply makeup to the joint between the units with a makeup member, and the appearance is excellent.

Further, when the building unit to which the mounting bracket for mounting the exterior material is attached is used, the number of man-hours for loading the exterior material at the construction site can be reduced.
Such a fitting can also serve as a spacer used for the purpose of forming a ventilation layer between the exterior material and the outer wall base panel.

[0017]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION A first embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a process explanatory view for explaining a mounting state of an outer wall base panel 10 to a building unit U according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. This building unit U includes a pillar 1 provided at four corners and a ceiling girder beam 2a that laterally bridges the pillar 1.
And a girder beam 2 including a floor girder beam 2b, a girder beam 3 including a ceiling girder beam 3a, and a floor girder beam 3b are joined by a joint piece 4 or the like to provide a substantially box-shaped frame structure.

Here, the girder beam 2 or gable beam 3 is conveniently expressed as a girder beam and a girder beam as a girder beam among the beams of the frame structure constituting the building unit U. Is something
There are cases where they match the girder direction or the wife direction in the assembled unit building T, and cases where they do not match. Therefore, in the following description, this representation of digits and wives may be reversed. Here, one side surface (girder surface 5) of the building unit U is formed by the ceiling girder beam 2a, the floor girder beam 2b, and the columns 1 and 1 on both sides, and the ceiling girder beam 3a, the floor girder beam 3b, and the girder side beams 3b on both sides. Pillar 1, 1
And form one side surface of the building unit U on the gable side (gable surface 6).

Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the outer wall foundation panel 10 is formed of a substantially rectangular frame 11 composed of an upper frame 11a, a lower frame 11b, and horizontal frames 11c, 11c made of lightweight steel.

The height h of the frame 11 is determined by the ceiling beam (ceiling girder beam 2
a or ceiling girder 3a) and the floor beam (floor girder 2b or floor girder 3b) upper surface is substantially equal to the distance d1, and the width w of the frame 11 is the distance between the pillars 1 and 1 (girder). The distance d2 between the faces or the distance d3 between the end faces is set to be substantially equal.

Lightweight shaped steel studs 12 ... Are fixed across the upper frame 11a and the lower frame 11b at a predetermined pitch (for example, 455 mm). Stud 12 and stud 12
A heat insulating material 13 (only a part of which is shown in FIG. 2) such as glass wool is loaded between and. In addition, this heat insulating material 13
The gypsum board 14 having a specified size (width of about 90 cm) as an inner wall surface material is fixed to the inner surface side of the frame 11 loaded with with an adhesive or the like, and the outer surface side is a transparent material with little joint as a surface waterproof material. The wet waterproof sheet 15 is fixed by an adhesive or the like. Here, the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 15 includes the frame 11
May be larger than the size of. The moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 15 of this embodiment has a protruding portion 15a protruding from the lower frame 11b. At the time of assembling and transporting, this protruding portion 15a is bent so as not to protrude from the frame 11 and temporarily fixed to the surface of the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 15, as shown in FIG. This protruding portion 15a is to be waterproofed by being overlaid on the surface of the foundation or the lower building unit on site.

As a result, in the outer wall foundation panel 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention, the heat insulating material 1 loaded in the frame 11 is provided.
3 and a planar waterproof material (moisture permeable waterproof sheet 15) fixed to the outer surface of the frame 11, and a gypsum board (inner surface material) 14 fixed to the inner surface. The heat insulating material 13 is an inner surface material. A heat insulating layer is formed between the sheet waterproof material.

In such an outer wall base panel 10, a region (column face 5) surrounded by columns and beams on one side of the building unit U.
Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 1, for example, the columns 1 and 1 on both sides forming the girder surface 5, the ceiling girder beam 2a, and the floor girder beam are formed because the frame 11 has a shape substantially equal to the gable surface 6). It can be fitted in the area surrounded by 3a. In this inserted state, as shown in FIG. 3, bolts are applied to the beam (ceiling girder beam 2a in this figure) using the back nut 16 provided on the back surface of the framework 11 (upper frame 11a in this figure) in advance. It is fixed by 17. As a result, the outer wall base panel 10 can be incorporated in the building unit U.

Further, the outer wall foundation panel 10 has substantially the same size as the area surrounded by the columns and beams of the girder surface 5 or the gable surface 6 of the building unit U, so that the building unit U can be installed once. Since the outer wall foundation panel 10 can be incorporated into the side surface, the number of construction steps can be significantly reduced.

The width of the girder surface 5 of the building unit U exceeds 5 m at the maximum, and the outer wall base panel 10 becomes large, which may increase the weight and make the work difficult. Since a large slidable traction device is provided as an auxiliary facility in the assembly factory of, the large outer wall base panel 10 should be transported to the building unit U being assembled by hanging using the existing traction device. Is easy, and the effect of reducing the number of assembly work steps of the building unit U is great.

The outer wall foundation panel 10 may be assembled at a construction site such as a construction site of the unit building T. Also in this case, when the building unit U is towed and assembled, the towing device arranged at the construction site can be used as it is. Of course, other traction devices may be incorporated to perform construction.

Further, the outer wall foundation panel 10 according to the first embodiment has good dimensional accuracy because the framework 11 is made of steel, and therefore even when the area of the girder surface 5 of the building unit U is extremely large. Girder surface 5 of building unit U with good dimensional accuracy
Can be incorporated into.

Further, since the outer wall base panel 10 is provided with the moisture permeable waterproof sheet 15 with few joints on the outer surface side, reliable waterproofing can be performed and reliability is high.

Although the outer wall foundation panel 10 in the first embodiment described above is not provided with a metal fitting for mounting an exterior material, a metal fitting for mounting an exterior material may be attached. Further, a furring strip (or spacer) for securing an appropriate ventilation space as described in the second embodiment may be attached in advance. Such a furring strip (spacer) can be used not only as a mounting base material of a mounting bracket for mounting a furnishing material, but also by interposing these furring strips and spacers, the furnishing material and the outer wall base panel 1
A vertical or horizontal ventilation space can be provided between the two and 0.

In the first embodiment described above, the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 15 is used as the sheet-like waterproof material, but the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 15 may be moisture-permeable waterproof paper, moisture-permeable waterproof film, or waterproof. It may be paper, a waterproof sheet, a waterproof film, or the like. Further, in the sheet-like waterproof material used in the present invention, a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 15 or the like is fixed by a tacker after fixing a flame-retardant base material such as a wood-based thermosetting cement board on the outer surface of the frame 11. It may be one.

[0032]

Second Embodiment Hereinafter, a second specific embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

First, FIG. 4 is a process explanatory view for explaining a mounting state of the exterior material 18 to the building unit U in which the outer wall foundation panel 10 according to the second embodiment of the present invention is incorporated in the girder surface 5. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the vicinity of the stud 12 after attachment for explaining the attachment state of the exterior material 18.

In FIG. 4, reference numeral 10 is an outer wall base panel, which constitutes the outer wall of the building unit U. The exterior material 18 may be attached to the building unit U at an assembly factory of the building unit U, but in the second embodiment, the building unit U before attachment of the exterior material 18 is transported to the construction site. Describes the case.

In FIG. 4, reference numeral 19 denotes a furring strip (or spacer) of a predetermined thickness which is a through specification, and is fixed to the stud 12 by a screw or the like (not shown) with the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 15 sandwiched therebetween. Has been done. In this furring strip 19,
A plurality of mounting brackets 20 ... Are mounted at predetermined positions. The mounting fittings 20 ... Removably fix the exterior material 18 by engaging with a receiving metal fitting (not shown) provided in a recess on the back surface of the exterior material 18 such as a siding material.

Normally, the furring strip 19 is fixed at the factory when the building unit U or the outer wall foundation panel 10 is assembled, and at the construction site, a mounting metal fitting is provided so that the mounting position of the exterior material 18 can be finely adjusted. It starts from the installation of 20.

As a result, the building unit U having an area (girder surface 5) surrounded by columns and beams on one side and the outer wall base panel 10 are used, and the building unit in which the outer wall base panel 10 is loaded on the girder surface 5. U is transported to the construction site, placed on a foundation (not shown), and at the construction site a plurality of building units U ...
Are joined to each other in the vertical direction or in the plane direction to assemble the unit building T (only one building unit U is shown in FIG. 4).

An outer wall surface of the unit building T is formed by mounting a plurality of mounting brackets 20 on the furring strip 19 in accordance with the position of the exterior material 18, and then loading the exterior material 18.
According to the outer wall structure having such a configuration, the furring strip (spacer) 1 is provided between the surface of the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 15 and the exterior material 18.
A ventilation layer having a thickness of 9 is provided, and this ventilation layer can be used as a ventilation flow passage.

When the temporary fixing of the lower end 15a of the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 15 is released, the lower end 15a becomes a free end and covers the floor beam, and is fixed by being sandwiched by a draining member (not shown) and fixed. It is possible to ensure waterproofness between.

The exterior material 18 is, for example,
As shown in FIG. 6, it is also possible to construct over the building units U, U. Here, outer wall base panels 10 and 10 having a size substantially corresponding to the widths of the end faces 6 and 6 are fitted on the end faces 6 and 6 of the building units U and U, respectively. As the exterior material 18, a material having a length substantially equal to the total width of the two end faces 6 and 6 is loaded.

With this structure, the joint between the building units U is covered with the exterior material 18.

The embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail above with reference to the drawings. However, the specific configuration of the present invention is not limited to this embodiment, and the design can be changed without departing from the gist of the present invention. Etc. are included in the present invention.

[0043]

As described above, according to the invention of claim 1, the size of the outer wall foundation panel is substantially equal to the area surrounded by the pillars and beams on one side of the building unit. Since it is formed by the framework of, it can be incorporated into the area at once.

Further, since this outer wall base panel can be provided with a sheet-like waterproof material with few joints on the outer surface side, it is possible to perform reliable waterproofing by using, for example, a waterproof sheet as the sheet-like waterproof material. The reliability can be increased.

According to the second aspect of the invention, since the frame is made of steel and has a high dimensional accuracy, even a large-sized outer wall foundation panel can be incorporated in one side surface of the building unit.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the outer wall foundation panel is assembled on one side of the building unit, the unit building is assembled at the construction site, and then the exterior material is loaded. At the factory to assemble,
The number of construction steps required when incorporating the exterior wall base panel into each building unit is greatly reduced, and at the construction site, a long or short exterior material can be arbitrarily loaded according to the purpose, which is practically useful. Be effective.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a process explanatory view illustrating a mounting state of an outer wall foundation panel according to a first embodiment of the present invention to a building unit.

FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view for explaining an outer wall base panel according to the embodiment of the present invention by an assembling process.

FIG. 3 is an end view illustrating a state of joining an outer wall base panel and a beam.

FIG. 4 is a process explanatory view illustrating a construction method of a unit building according to a second embodiment of the present invention by a mounting state.

5 is a partial cross-sectional view of the vicinity of a stud when the exterior material in FIG. 4 is attached.

FIG. 6 is a process explanatory view illustrating another example of the construction method of the unit building according to the second embodiment of the present invention by the mounting situation.

[Explanation of symbols]

T: Unit building U: Building unit 1: Pillar 2: Girder beam 2a: Ceiling girder beam 2b: Floor girder beam 3: Tsumabashi 3a: Ceiling girder 3b: Floor girder 4: Joint piece 5: Girder side (one side of girder side) 6: Wife side (one side on the wife side) 10: Base panel for outer wall 11: Framework 11a: Upper frame 11b: lower frame 11c: Horizontal frame 12: Stud 13: Heat insulating material 14: Gypsum board (inner surface material) 15: Breathable waterproof sheet (sheet waterproof material) 15a: protruding portion 16: Back nut 17: Bolt 18: Exterior material 19: furring (spacer) 20: Mounting bracket 21: Bracket

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A frame having a size substantially equal to a region surrounded by columns and beams on one side of a building unit, a heat insulating material loaded in the frame, and a planar shape fixed to an outer surface of the frame. An outer wall base panel, which is used in a building unit composed of a waterproof material and an inner surface material fixed to an inner surface. 2. The outer wall foundation panel according to claim 1, wherein the frame is made of steel. 3. A building unit having an area surrounded by columns and beams on one side surface, and the outer wall foundation panel according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the building unit is loaded with the outer wall foundation panel. Of the unit building, wherein the building unit is assembled at the construction site by joining the building units vertically or in a plane direction at the construction site, and then an outer wall material is loaded on the outer surface of the unit building. Construction method.