JP2003073684A - Chlorine-free cutting oil composition for automatic lathe - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide chlorine-free cutting oil for an automatic lathe which has the similar performance preventing seizing of a guide bush of the automatic lathe on the heavy cutting of a difficult processing material as the chlorine based cutting oil, further does not need to wash after processing a material such as carbon steel easy to develop rust and, does not cause discoloring even on cutting a copper alloy. SOLUTION: The chlorine-free cutting oil for the automatic lathe comprises at least one lubricating base oil selected from a mineral oil and a synthetic oil, and (A) a sulfur based extreme-pressure additive to be selected from sulfidized fats and oils and sulfuric acid esters, (B) an active polysulfide, (C) an inert polysulfide, (D) zinc thiophosphate, and (E) a sulfonate having a total base number of <=30 mgKOH/g.

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a non-chlorine-based cutting oil composition for automatic cutting machines, and more particularly, to stainless steel and titanium alloys which are said to be difficult to machine. The present invention also relates to a cutting oil composition which has the same seizure prevention property as that of a chlorine-based material even in heavy cutting of chromium molybdenum steel or the like and can prevent the occurrence of corrosion even in cutting of copper alloy. 2. Description of the Related Art An automatic cutting machine (hereinafter referred to as "automatic machine") has a guide bush as a feature. This guide bush enables cutting of an elongated shape and simultaneous cutting of a side surface. A large load is applied to the guide bush portion during cutting, and there is a problem that seizure occurs in heavy cutting of difficult-to-machine materials such as stainless steel, titanium alloy, and chromium molybdenum steel. Therefore, conventionally, seizure of the guide bush has been prevented by using a cutting oil containing a large amount of a chlorine-based extreme pressure agent such as chlorinated paraffin. However, chlorine-based extreme pressure agents cause rusting and require cleaning immediately after processing, which makes the operation complicated. In addition, from the viewpoint of recent environmental problems, there is a concern that chlorine-containing compounds may generate dioxin during incineration, and non-chlorine-based cutting oils have been highlighted. [0003] The present invention has been made in view of the state of the prior art described above, does not contain chlorine-based extreme pressure agents, and is made of stainless steel, titanium alloy, chromium molybdenum steel, or the like. It has the same guide bush seizure prevention properties as chlorine-based materials even in heavy cutting of difficult-to-machine materials, and can eliminate washing after machining materials such as carbon steel where rusting is a concern.
An object of the present invention is to provide a revolutionary non-chlorine-based cutting oil for automatic lathes that suppresses discoloration even when cutting a copper alloy. Means for Solving the Problems The inventors of the present invention have conducted intensive studies to solve the above-mentioned problems, and as a result, the following components (A) to (E) were contained in a lubricating base oil. As a result, it has been found that the above-mentioned object can be achieved, and the present invention has been completed based on this finding. That is, the present invention provides (A) a sulfur-based extreme pressure agent selected from sulfurized oils and fats, (B) an active polysulfide, and (C) at least one lubricating base oil selected from mineral oil and synthetic oil. ) Inert polysulfide, (D) a zinc thiophosphate compound,
And (E) a non-chlorine-based cutting oil composition for automatic lathes comprising a sulfonate having a total base number of 30 mg KOH / g or less. Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail. [0005] The lubricating base oil in the present invention is at least one lubricating base oil selected from mineral oil and synthetic oil. The mineral oil used for the lubricating base oil is not particularly limited, and paraffinic and naphthenic mineral oils that are usually used as a base oil for lubricating oils can be used. As a synthetic oil used for a lubricating base oil, poly-α-
Olefin, alkylbenzene, alkylnaphthalene,
Isoparaffin, diester, polyol ester, polyoxyalkylene glycol, polyphenyl ether and the like can be used. The kinematic viscosities of these lubricating base oils may be adjusted so as to be equivalent to those of conventional chlorine-based cutting oils, and are generally preferably in the range of 3 to 200 mm ² / s. [0006] The component (A) in the present invention is a sulfurized oil or fat or a sulfurized ester. Examples of the sulfurized oils and fats include sulfurized oils and fats which are sulfides of animal and vegetable oils, such as sulfurized lard, sulfurized rapeseed oil, sulfurized castor oil, and sulfurized soybean oil. Preferred examples of the sulfurized ester include alkylesters having 1 to 12 carbon atoms of sulfurized fatty acids having 8 to 22 carbon atoms, and specific examples include alkylesters of sulfurized oleic acid. And octyl oleate. The sulfur content of the sulfurized fat or ester is preferably 5 to 30% by mass,
0-20 mass% is particularly preferred. The component (A) may be either a sulfurized oil or a sulfurized ester,
You may use both together. As the component (A), one type may be used alone, or two or more types may be used in combination. (A) As for the compounding quantity of a component, 1-50 mass% is preferable and 3-30 mass%.
Is more preferable, and 5 to 20% by mass is particularly preferable. When the content is 1% by mass or less, the effect of preventing the seizure of the guide bush is small, and when it is 50% by mass or more, no further effect is observed. The component (B) in the present invention is an active polysulfide, and a mixture obtained by adding 5% by mass to mineral oil (ISOVG100) is used in a copper plate corrosion test (JISK-251).
In (3), the active type obtained at 100 ° C. for 1 hour shows 3 or 4 as the result. As the component (B),
For example, R ¹ -Sx-R ² (1) wherein R ¹ and R ² are an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms and an aryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, respectively. , Having 7 to 2 carbon atoms
0 represents an alkylaryl group or an arylalkyl group having 7 to 20 carbon atoms, which may be the same or different from each other. x is a compound represented by an integer of 2 to 10. The dialkyl polysulfide represented by the formula (1) is a mixture obtained by adding 5% by mass to mineral oil (ISOVG100) in a copper plate corrosion test (JISK-2513).
Activated ones showing a result of 3 or 4 at 00 ° C. for 1 hour are mentioned. As the component (B), x in the general formula (1) is preferably from 3 to 9, and particularly preferably from 3 to 7. Specific examples of R ¹ and R ² include a methyl group,
Ethyl group, n-propyl group, isopropyl group, n-butyl group, isobutyl group, sec-butyl group, t-butyl group, various pentyl groups, various hexyl groups, various heptyl groups, various octyl groups, various nonyl groups, various Decyl group, various dodecyl groups, cyclohexyl group, cyclooctyl group,
Examples include a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a tolyl group, a xylyl group, a benzyl group, and a phenethyl group. The sulfur content of the component (B) is preferably 10% by mass or more, and 25% by mass.
The content is more preferably, and particularly preferably, 28% by mass or more.
As the component (B), one type may be used alone, or two or more types may be used in combination. The amount of the component (B) is 1 to 7
0 mass% is preferable and 3-50 mass% is especially preferable.
If it is 1% by mass or less, the effect of preventing the seizure of the guide bush is small, and if it is 70% by mass or more, no further effect is observed. The component (C) in the present invention is an inert polysulfide, and a mixture of mineral oil (ISOVG100) added at 5% by mass is a copper plate corrosion test (JISK-251).
In the case of 3), the result obtained at 100 ° C. for 1 hour is an inactive type showing 1 or 2. The component (C) is, for example, a dialkyl polysulfide represented by the general formula (1), and a mixture of mineral oil (ISOVG100) added at 5% by mass is a copper plate corrosion test (JISK-251).
In 3), an inactive type in which the result of 1 hour or 2 at 100 ° C. for 1 hour is mentioned. As the component (C), x in the general formula (1) is preferably 3 to 7,
3 to 5 are particularly preferred. The sulfur content of the component (C) is preferably 30% by mass or less, more preferably 24% by mass or less, and particularly preferably 22% by mass or less. The component (C)
One type may be used alone, or two or more types may be used in combination. (C) The compounding amount of the component is 0.1 to 50% by mass.
Is preferable, and 1 to 30% by mass is particularly preferable. When the amount is less than 0.1% by mass, the effect of preventing discoloration of the copper alloy is small. The component (D) includes a primary alkyl type,
Secondary alkyl type or a mixture of both types may be mentioned. These are usually represented by the general formula (2). Embedded image Wherein R ^{3 to} R ⁶ each have 1 carbon atom
~ 20 primary alkyl groups or secondary alkyl groups. R ^{3 to} R ⁶ are, for example, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, n-pentyl, isopentyl, n-hexyl, isohexyl, n- Octyl, isooctyl, n-decyl, isodecyl and the like. The R ³ ~
R ⁶ may be the same or different. Further, the number of carbon atoms is preferably 3 to 8 from the viewpoint of wear resistance. In the present invention, from the viewpoint of abrasion resistance, a primary alkyl / secondary alkyl mixed zinc dithiophosphate is preferable, and at least one secondary alkyl group having 3 to 4 carbon atoms in the molecule and the remaining alkyl group are present. Is particularly preferably zinc dithiophosphate having a primary alkyl group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms. As the component (D), one type may be used alone, or two or more types may be used in combination.
The amount of the component (D) is preferably 1 to 30% by mass,
25% by weight is particularly preferred. If the amount is less than 1% by mass, the abrasion resistance is not sufficient. Even if the amount is more than 30% by mass, the corresponding effect cannot be expected. The component (E) includes alkali metal sulfonates and alkaline earth metal sulfonates, with alkaline earth metal sulfonates being preferred. Examples of the alkali metal include sodium and potassium. Examples of the alkaline earth metal include calcium, barium, magnesium and the like, and calcium and barium are preferred. The sulfonate of the component (E) is preferably an aromatic sulfonate. The base number of the sulfonate of the component (E) is 3
0 mgKOH / g or less, preferably 10 mgKOH / g or less. The component (E) sulfonate is blended for the purpose of preventing rust, and neutral sulfonate is superior to basic sulfonate. The sulfonic acid used for the sulfonate of the component (E) is not particularly limited in the production method, and petroleum sulfonic acid obtained by sulfonating an alkyl aromatic compound of a petroleum lubricating oil fraction, alkylbenzene and dialkylnaphthalene ( For example, synthetic sulfonic acid obtained by sulfonating dinonylnaphthalene) as a raw material may be used. The alkyl group substituted on the aromatic ring is
The carbon number is preferably from 6 to 22. As the component (E), one type may be used alone, or two or more types may be used in combination.
The amount of the component (E) is preferably 0.05 to 20% by mass, more preferably 0.1 to 10% by mass, and particularly preferably 0.2 to 5% by mass. If it is less than 0.05% by mass, the rust preventive performance is not sufficient, and if it is more than 20% by mass, the anti-seizure performance may be reduced. In the present invention, the compounding mass ratio of component (A) / component (B) is preferably 0.1 to 1.0, more preferably 0.2 to 1.0.
-0.7 is particularly preferred. If the mixing mass ratio of component (A) / component (B) is less than 0.1, seizure of the guide bush may occur, and if it exceeds 1.0, the surface roughness may become rough. In the present invention, the component (B) /
The compounding mass ratio of the component (C) is preferably from 1.0 to 5.0, and particularly preferably from 1.5 to 4.5. (B) component /
If the compounding mass ratio of the component (C) is less than 1.0, seizure of the guide bush may occur, and if it exceeds 5.0, the copper plate corrosion performance may deteriorate. In the present invention, the blending mass ratio of {(A) component + (B) component} / (C) component is preferably 1.0 to 7.0, and particularly preferably 3.0 to 6.0. If the compounding mass ratio of {(A) component + (B) component} / (C) component is less than 1.0, seizure of the guide bush may occur, and if it exceeds 7.0, the copper plate corrosion performance deteriorates. Sometimes. In the present invention,
The compounding mass ratio of {(A) component + (B) component + (C) component} / (D) component is preferably 1.0 to 10.0, and 2.0
-7.0 is particularly preferred. ｛(A) component + (B) component +
If the compounding mass ratio of the component (C) / (D) is less than 1.0, seizure of the guide bush may occur, and if it exceeds 10.0, the copper plate corrosion performance may deteriorate. The non-chlorinated cutting oil composition for automatic lathes of the present invention may contain known lubricating additives singly or in combination of two or more in order to improve various performances thereof. As these additives, phenolic antioxidants, amine antioxidants, phosphate esters such as tricresyl phosphate, fats and oils such as lard oil,
Fatty acids such as oleic acid and stearic acid; metal deactivators such as benzotriazole and thiadiazole; and silicon-based defoamers. The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples and comparative examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples. (Examples 1 to 7) The components having the compositions shown in Table 1 were mixed to prepare a non-chlorine cutting oil composition for an automatic lathe according to the present invention. (Comparative Examples 1 to 6) By mixing the components having the compositions shown in Table 2,
A composition not containing the component (A) (Comparative Example 1), a composition not containing the component (B) (Comparative Example 2), a composition not containing the component (C) (Comparative Example 3), and a component (D). A composition not containing (Comparative Example 4), a composition containing no component (E) (Comparative Example 5), and a composition containing chlorinated paraffin (Comparative Example 6) were also prepared. The following experiments were performed on the compositions of Examples and Comparative Examples, and the results are also shown in Tables 1 and 2, respectively. [Evaluation of Test on Actual Machine] Using a test oil, a cutting process was performed on an automatic lathe manufactured by Citizen Seiki Co., Ltd. equipped with a fixed guide bush under the following conditions to evaluate the seizure of the guide bush. Work material: SUS303 Processing speed: 10 work materials were continuously cut at each processing speed of 40 m / min, 50 m / min, 60 m / min, and 70 m / min. Cutting depth: 2.5 mm Feeding amount: 0.02 mm / rev Evaluation: Maximum cutting speed that does not cause seizure of the guide bush: Maximum surface roughness (Rmax) of the workpiece [Copper plate corrosion] JIS K-2513 The test was performed in a compliant test tube method at 100 ° C. for 1 hour. [Anti-rust property] The test was carried out for 3 weeks in a wet test method according to JIS K-2246. The rust resistance was evaluated according to the following criteria. A: Rust area 0% (no rust) B: Rust area 1 to 10% C: Rust area 11 to 25% D: Rust area 26 to 50% E: Rust area 51% or more [Table 1] [Table 2] The subscripts in Tables 1 and 2 indicate the following. 1) Kinematic viscosity 15 mm ² / s (40 ° C.) 2) Lard sulfide (Sulfur content 15% by mass) 3) Sulfurized methyl oleate (Sulfur content 18.5% by mass) 4) G-t-dodecyl polysulfide (Sulfur content Quantity 3
2% by mass, corrosive to copper plate 4) 5) G-t-dodecyl polysulfide (sulfur content 2
0% by mass, corrosiveness to copper plate 1) 6) Zinc dialkyldithiophosphate having a primary alkyl group having 4 carbon atoms and at least one secondary alkyl group having 3 carbon atoms 7) Barium alkylbenzene sulfonate (total base number) :
3 mgKOH / g, number of carbon atoms of alkyl group: mixture of 8 to 18) 8) Calcium dinonylnaphthalenesulfonate (total base number: 2 mgKOH / g) 9) Sodium alkylbenzene sulfonate (total base number: 1 mgKOH / g, alkyl group) Carbon number: 8-18
10) Chlorine content 50% by mass As is clear from the results in Tables 1 and 2,
The non-chlorine cutting oil for automatic lathes of the present invention comprises:
Compared with the composition of Comparative Example not containing the component (B), the component (C), the component (D) or the component (E), the anti-seizure performance, the surface roughness of the work material, the corrosion resistance of the copper plate, and the rust preventive property were included. It shows that the overall performance is excellent, and furthermore, it shows that it shows the same seizure resistance as Comparative Example 6 containing chlorinated paraffin. The non-chlorine-based cutting oil for an automatic lathe according to the present invention does not contain a chlorine-based component, so that there is no concern about the generation of dioxin at the time of disposal, and the guide bush of the automatic lathe is seized. Heavy cutting of difficult-to-machine materials such as stainless steel, titanium alloy and chromium molybdenum steel by an automatic cutting machine is equivalent to chlorine-based cutting oil, and also suppresses discoloration due to corrosion when cutting copper alloy. Can be. Therefore, it is possible to cut from heavy-duty cutting of difficult-to-machine materials such as stainless steel, titanium alloy and chromium molybdenum steel to copper alloy with concern about corrosion with the same processing machine, and it is possible to improve work efficiency and unify the type of oil used It becomes.

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Claims (1)

Claims 1. At least one selected from mineral oil and synthetic oil
(A) sulfur-based extreme pressure agent selected from sulfurized fats and oils and sulfurized esters, (B) activated polysulfide, (C) inert polysulfide, (D) zinc thiophosphate compound, and E) Total base number is 30 mg KOH
A non-chlorine-based cutting oil composition for an automatic cutting machine, comprising a sulfonate of at most / g.