JP2003068027A - Optical disk device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an optical disk device in which a caution is raised when remaining alternative areas are reduced, and even a record part in a non-use state can be effectively utilized by exchange processing performed before. SOLUTION: When recording/reproducing an optical disk having the alternative area, when the quantity of used alternative areas exceeds a predetermined arbitrary setting value, the caution is issued, a part to be exchanged in the non-use state is examined again by exchange processing applied before to the data recording area and when such a part to be exchanged has a usable part, recording is performed by using such a usable part again.

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION [0001] 1. Field of the Invention
Magneto-optical disk or phase change
The present invention relates to an optical disk device such as a compact disk. 2. Description of the Related Art An optical disk as described above is a personal computer.
High-capacity external storage media such as computers are in the spotlight
This optical disc uses laser light.
Sub-micron order recording
Can be formed on external recording media
Flexible disks and hard disks widely used as
Storage capacity can be significantly increased compared to hard disks.
it can. [0003] For example, a magneto-optical disk of the ISO 10090 standard
Has a nominal size of 128 MB on one side of a replaceable 3.5-inch disk
It has a storage capacity, and magnetic recording with the same size
Storage capacity of one 3.5 inch flexible disk
Is about 1 MB, so a single magneto-optical disk
It has a storage capacity of 128 flexible disks. As described above, an optical disk such as a magneto-optical disk
Is a replaceable recording medium with a very high recording density.
During production, defects such as unevenness and scratches
There is a problem that the yield of goods is poor,
Completely sealed for interchangeable optical discs as noted
Writing / reading is impossible
There are problems such as being unable to do so. For this reason, in the case of an optical disk,
Alternation processing is adopted for errors, and this
The problem is that an error occurs while writing or reading a sector.
Stop using the sector if the amount exceeds the threshold
In place of the bad sector where this error occurred,
Use an alternate sector that exceeds the nominal storage capacity.
Processing such as recording information with a disk controller
This is automatically performed by [0006] If this replacement process is adopted, no dust adheres.
Whichever causes the sector to fail
Can be recorded using alternative sectors.
Can prevent data loss beforehand,
From the user's point of view, the storage of the optical disc
No reduction in capacity and apparent writing / reading
No change in operation, so be aware of errors
Data can be recorded and reproduced without
You. [0007] However, the alternative section
The number of disks is finite, for example, 3.5 inch magneto-optical
The above ISO standard for cartridges has a maximum of 1024
A replacement sector is to be provided.
Use 1023 sectors and only one alternative sector remains
If the replacement process for two sectors occurs when the
And the writing is interrupted, and the
Data to be written may be missing depending on the method
There is. An optical disk using a replaceable recording medium is used.
In a disk device, a magnetic disk in which a recording medium is sealed is used.
Different from disk device (so-called hard disk device)
The dust or dirt easily adheres to the recording medium or optical system.
There is a title. [0009] However, a replaceable optical disk is not
The recording medium is tightly closed
Unlike a magnetic disk drive, the user
Cleaning can be performed.
Can recover the defect. Also, when dust or the like adheres to the optical system,
Means that the output of the playback signal decreases,
Replacement processing is performed as if it occurred, but the next alternative
Even if writing / reading is performed to the
It remains low without recovering, so the next alternative
Writing and reading to and from the memory. Therefore, a state in which dust adheres to the optical system
As shown above, as long as the
Writing / reading is performed, and finally there is no alternative sector.
Is overwritten, so this recording medium
It would be unusable. The replacement process in the magnetic disk device
May be used for reasons such as deterioration or damage of the recording medium and damage to the head.
It is generally performed on the basis of a recording medium.
Executed during initialization. According to the present invention, the use amount of the substitute area is set arbitrarily.
A warning will be issued if the value is exceeded, and
Recorded parts that are no longer used by the replacement process
To provide an optical disk device that can also be used
With the goal. [0014] According to the present invention, there is provided an image processing apparatus comprising:
In addition, the method for recording / reproducing an optical disc having an alternate area
In this case, the use amount of the alternative area is set to a predetermined value.
A warning will be issued if the value is exceeded. The specific configuration of the device for this purpose is
As in claim 6, the usage amount detection for detecting the usage amount of the alternative area is performed.
Output means and the usage of the substitute area from this usage detection means
Comparing means for comparing the value with a predetermined set value;
Replacement area usage has exceeded an arbitrary preset value
Warn when is detected by the comparing means
Warning means may be provided. In the second aspect of the present invention, the alternative area
Recording and reproducing method for an optical disk having
It is no longer used by the replacement process performed earlier on the recording area.
Re-examine the replacement part that is
If there is a usable part, reuse this usable part.
I'm sorry. An apparatus for performing this is defined in claim 7.
A usage detecting means for detecting the usage of the alternative area,
The usage amount of the alternative area from this usage amount detection means is determined in advance.
The comparison means for comparing the set value with the
Exceeding an arbitrary set value determined in advance by the comparison means
Therefore, when it is detected, it is used by the replacement process performed earlier.
Inspection means for re-inspection of a replaced part that is no longer used;
Usable by re-inspection by this inspection means
Enable this usable part if part is detected
Provision of registration means for registering as a data recording area
Can be configured by According to the third aspect of the present invention, there is provided an alternative area.
In an optical disk recording / reproducing method,
Replacement parts that are not in use by the replacement process are inspected again.
If there is a usable part that can be used, it is recorded in the replacement area.
The data to be recorded in this usable portion
To the usable portion of the
The replacement area is used again as a replacement area. An apparatus for performing this is described in the claims.
As described in No. 8, the usage amount detection for detecting the usage amount of the alternative area is performed.
Output means and the usage of the substitute area from this usage detection means
Comparing means for comparing the data with a predetermined set value, and an alternative area.
It is said that the amount of used exceeds a predetermined set value.
Replacement process performed earlier when detected by comparison means
Inspection to re-examine the replacement part that is no longer used
Can be used by inspection means and re-inspection by this inspection means
When a usable part is detected, it is recorded in the replacement area.
The data to be recorded in this usable part
Write instructing means for instructing writing back to this usable portion
And the replacement area that has been vacated by this write-back can be used.
Registration means for registering as a replacement area
And can be configured by: Note that the usage amount of the alternative area is set as described above.
When re-inspection is performed when the specified value is exceeded
Is the data recording by the registration means.
Warning after registration as area or replacement area is completed
Warning means for issuing a warning may be further provided. The above-mentioned re-inspection is recorded during the replacement process.
When there are no more alternatives to do
In this case, it can be used as described in claim 4.
If there is a usable part, record it in this usable part.
Can be. In addition, as described in claim 5,
A warning may be issued after the recording process is completed.
No. The principle of the present invention will be described with reference to the principle diagram of FIG.
You. FIG. 1 shows a data recording area of the optical disc,
The alternative sector area and the DMA area are schematically shown.
In an actual optical disc, the recording tracks of these areas
Is formed concentrically or spirally on the disc.
Sectors are sequentially provided on this recording track.
Things. According to the first and sixth aspects of the present invention,
As described above, if the remaining area of the optical disc is small,
May be interrupted due to inability to perform
Since there is an alternative area, the usage
If the number exceeds the limit, a warning is issued to alert the user
And the amount of the alternative area and any predetermined setting
By comparing with the value, the usage amount of the alternative area is
A warning will be issued when the remaining area of the alternative area is less than the set value.
It was configured to be. Claims 2 to 5 and 7 to 9
In the invention described in the above, errors were found while using the optical disc.
Replacement part of the data recording area where the replacement processing was performed
However, when the user cleans the optical disk, for example,
Can be used again by removing trash etc.
In this case, the data recording area is effective.
It is intended for use. The invention according to claim 2 has a data recording area.
The replacement process that was performed earlier.
Part of the data recording area that is not used due to
Can be used for this replacement part by rechecking the minute
If a usable part is detected, the detected usable part is detected.
The minutes are reused for data recording. The invention described in claim 6 is the same as the invention described in claim 2.
An apparatus for carrying out the invention described above, wherein
The usage of the alternate area detected by the column and the extra area
The comparison means compares the set value with a predetermined value to allow
In comparison, the usage amount of the alternative area is
Exceeded the fixed value, that is, the margin of the alternative area is small
Is detected by the comparing means,
Replacement that is no longer used by the replacement process performed earlier
The part is re-examined by the inspection means,
If available part is detected,
Function area as a usable data recording area
It was made. Note that "a usable data recording area is
"Register" means "register as unusable area"
The recorded information on this area that had been
It is synonymous with the above description in the claims.
The word “register” includes the above “delete”.
Needless to say, According to a third aspect of the present invention, the replacement area
Invention for effective use of
In an optical disc recording / reproducing method,
Re-examine the unused parts that are not in use by the replacement process
If a usable portion that can be used is detected, the replacement area
Should be recorded in this usable portion originally recorded in
Data is written back to this usable part, and
To use a spare area that has become empty as a spare area
Is Umono. The invention according to claim 7 is for implementing this.
And a device similar to the invention of claim 6.
Re-examination and use available by this re-examination
When a functional part is detected, the
Data to be recorded in this usable part that is recorded
Data to this usable part and register
Can use the spare area vacated by this writeback
This is registered as a replacement area. The ninth aspect of the present invention relates to the seventh and eighth aspects.
When the usage of the alternative area exceeds the set value,
Data is recorded by registration means
Warning after registration as area or replacement area is completed
Providing a warning means to emit, so that the remaining area of the replacement area is small
To alert the user
You. Further, the invention according to claim 4 is characterized in that
There are no alternative areas to be recorded during the replacement process.
Is to be performed when
If the inspection finds a usable part,
The recording is performed in the usable portion.
The recording process is terminated as described in claim 5.
After that, a warning is issued in the same manner as in the invention of claim 8.
It may be. According to the present invention, the remaining of the spare area is small.
Alerts the user when the remaining
Less, that is, the optical disc being used
There are many replacement processes and the condition of the optical disc is not very good.
To the user and prepare for replacement of the optical disk, etc.
It can be performed in advance. Further, dust or the like may be present in the optical system of the optical disk device.
If normal writing or reading cannot be performed due to
As long as the garbage etc. are not removed even after the replacement process
As a result of the continuous replacement process,
As a result, replacement is over and write processing is performed.
Data may be lost due to interruption of
Was determined to be abnormal. On the other hand, according to the present invention, the non-use state
Of the replacement part in
Data recording area and spare area are always secured for
To reduce the probability of replacement over,
Also, the optics may be cleaned or replaced.
If the used optical disk is used in another optical disk device,
Recorded parts that are no longer used due to disc replacement
Replacement over does not occur because it can be reused,
This optical disc can be used as normal
You. Further, dust or the like adheres on the optical disc.
Error occurs during writing or reading
When this happens, clean the optical disc before reusing it.
Will be re-examined,
Use the recorded part that has recovered
A special effect that no longer occurs. DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS In this embodiment, an optical disk
It is assumed that a magneto-optical disk is used as an example, and the present invention
To explain the configuration related to
The diameter is 3.5 inches in diameter according to the standard of ISO 10090.
Has a data recording capacity of about 128 MB on one side of the
As shown in the principle diagram of FIG.
Magneto-optical disc outside the data recording area
DMA (Defect) that records information for managing
Manageent Area) area and the defect in the magneto-optical disk
That provides an alternative sector to replace the existing sector
A recording area is provided. The magneto-optical disk is provided in the DMA area.
Record management information and replacement information including the total number of replacement sectors
DDS (Disk Difinition Sector) area
Permanently defective sectors detected by pre-shipment inspection
PDL (Prima) that stores the address of the bad block containing
(ry Defect List) area and when using disk media
SDL (S
econdary Defect List) area. In the PDL area, a magneto-optical disk is provided.
Permanent defect section with permanent defects that occurred during disk manufacturing
The above alternative in which the data is replaced by the sector slipping method
This permanent defect addresses the address of the alternate sector in the storage area.
The list corresponding to the sector address is the first replacement sector
It is stored in advance as a list. Further, it was discovered during use of the magneto-optical disk.
Of bad sectors that have been recorded
Linear replacement element that records data in alternate sectors
The use of alternative sectors is
The bad sector address, which is the address of a good sector, and this bad sector address
A replacement address indicating the address of the replacement sector that replaced the good sector
In the SDL area, a list corresponding to the dress
It is configured to record as a replacement sector list. FIG. 2 shows a magneto-optical device constructed by applying the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an embodiment of a disk device,
5 is a flowchart showing an operation example of this embodiment.
3 is a main routine, FIG. 4 is a replacement processing routine,
FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing the reexamination routine. In FIG. 2 showing the structure of the embodiment, 1 is
A writable / readable magneto-optical disk, comprising a spindle
The position is controlled by the spindle motor 3 under the control of the control circuit 2.
It is rotating at a constant speed. To write on the magneto-optical disk 1
Is the bias voltage supplied from the bias magnet control circuit 5.
Generated by exciting the bias magnet 6 with current
The signal processing circuit 8 and the optical head control circuit
Light modulated with write data provided via path 7
The beam is applied from the optical head 4 to the recording portion of the magneto-optical disk 1.
Write data by projecting. The information is recorded on the magneto-optical disk 1.
When reading data, the presence of a magnetic field
Light to the part of the magneto-optical disk 1 to be read
A light beam is projected from the head 4 and reflected at the readout site.
The reflected light is converted into an optical signal by the optical head
By demodulating this optical signal by the processing circuit 8,
The data recorded on the magneto-optical disk 1 is read. What
As is well known, a disk like a magneto-optical disk
Writing or reading on the data recording medium is
This is performed in units of sectors on the recording track of disk 1.
You. The drive controller 10 is not shown.
Less microcomputer and buffer memory 11
FIG. 2 shows this microcomputer.
Of the functions related to the present invention among the processing functions of the
"Stage" 12, "comparison means" 13 and "warning means" 14.
Shown. In the embodiment having the above-described configuration, the main
The processing of the routine will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.
I will tell. Step [10] is to mount the magneto-optical disk.
Detecting whether or not the
It is in a standby state until the disk is mounted,
If it is detected in this step that the
Proceeding to step [11], the DMA area of this magneto-optical disk is read.
Read the area and read the magneto-optical disk from the DDS area.
Replacement information including management information and the total number of replacement sectors;
Detected by pre-shipment inspection of disk media from
The first replacement section recording the address of the defective block
And the use of this magneto-optical disk from the SDL area.
Record replacement information for bad sectors that occurred during use.
And the second replacement sector list in the buffer memory 11.
Store. The next step [12] is a command from the host.
This is the step of detecting the command until the command arrives.
Is in a standby state, and when a write command arrives, the next
The data specified in step [13] is
In step [14], the written data
Data is read out and compared with the data written by the comparing means 13.
Perform verification to compare. As a result of this verification, the written data and
If the read data matches, normal writing is performed.
In step [15], it is necessary to perform replacement processing.
It is determined that there is no command and the command waits in step [12]
Returns, but the written data matches the read data.
If not, it means that writing was not done correctly
Then, in step [15], after determining that replacement processing is necessary,
The process proceeds to the replacement process routine [16] described in detail. In the above step [12], the write command
Processing when a command other than the command arrives from the host
Ki is also shown briefly, and examples of specific commands
Examples of the retest command and the eject command
Was. When this recheck command arrives, details will be given later.
Move to the reexamination routine [17] described in
When a media command is received, the media ejection process in step [18]
Eject the magneto-optical disk by pressing the eject button.
The ejection of this magneto-optical disk can also be performed by operating
Be done. It should be noted that other commands are not
The corresponding processing in the routine shown as step [19]
Is performed, and the above-described replacement processing routine and re-inspection routine are performed.
When these processes are completed together with the media
Return to step [12] and wait for command.
You. FIG. 4 shows processing in the above-described replacement processing routine.
Is a flowchart showing the process in step [21].
Buffer memo in step [11] of the main routine
From the management information of this magneto-optical disk stored in the
For example, read the second replacement sector list and
Calculating the number of used sectors from the number of used bytes, etc.
The replacement sector use amount M is obtained by
Of the entire sector prepared as a replacement sector in [22]
The number A is read, and in the subsequent step [23],
Therefore, the number of available replacement sectors (AM) = N is calculated. The calculation result N is set to “0” by the comparing means 13.
Compare, as a result, if N is greater than "0", it can be used
Since there are various spare sectors,
Data that should have been written in step [13]
This usable replacement sector is used in the replacement process in step [25].
Write to. Thereafter, step [14] of the main routine
Was written correctly by the same verification as
Is confirmed, and updates are performed based on the result of this replacement process.
The new replacement information is stored in the buffer memory 11. In the next step [26], this buffer memo is
Reads the number M 'of used replacement sectors updated from the memory 11
Then, in a subsequent step [27], a predetermined set value K
From the buffer memory 11 or the like, and
The value of (K−M ′) is calculated according to 2. Here, the set value K
Should be prepared in a replaceable state.
It indicates the number of sectors. Note that this set value K is a magneto-optical
From the DMA area of the disk, for example,
Read the number of data and, for example, half the number of sectors (512KB)
Is calculated by the arithmetic means 12 and is set as a set value K in the buffer
Although it may be stored in the memory 11, another method and
Then, this set value K itself is set at the time of shipment of the magneto-optical disk drive.
And store it in the ROM of this device.
When the disk unit starts up, it is transferred and stored in the buffer memory.
Or the DMA area of the magneto-optical disk itself.
This set value K itself is stored in
This setting value K is read when the
May be stored. Therefore, in step [28], this (K-M ')
Is used when it is detected that the value of has become smaller than “0”
Warn that the number of possible replacement sectors is running low
Step 14 warns the host and through this host
The condition of the magneto-optical disk is getting worse for the user
Notify. By the way, in step [24] described above, (N>
0), that is, it is determined that there is no
Moves to the reexamination routine of step [31].
Data that has been replaced by a replacement sector as a bad sector
Re-examine the sectors in the data storage area and if this
Available sector in the data recording area
If the data recorded in the replacement sector is
Check that the data recording area to be recorded is available.
Return to the sector that was issued to make a spare sector available.
Is performed. The details of this re-examination routine
Will be described later with reference to FIG. As a result of the processing by this reinspection routine,
Step [32] is whether there is a usable replacement sector
If there is an available replacement sector,
The replacement process of step [25] is executed, but it can be used.
If there is no alternate replacement sector, the replacement
Tells the host that a bar has occurred and that replacement processing is not possible
Notice. FIG. 5 is a flow chart of the reexamination routine described above.
It is a flowchart showing the details of the processing, step
[41] is the same as step [21] of the replacement routine.
The usage M of the replacement sector is obtained, and this usage is determined in step [42].
If the quantity M is "0", the processing of this routine is terminated.
Determines that M> 0, that is, a replacement sector is used
Then, in the next step [43], the main routine
Read from the SDL area in step [11]
11 indicates a bad sector generated during use during use.
Replacement information from the second replacement sector list.
Write dummy data to the bad sector. In the following step [44], in step [43]
Read the written dummy data, and in step [45],
Data written in step [43] and read in step [44]
Verify the data, but if
If there are multiple good sectors, for each bad sector
Repeat steps [43] to [45] above
By doing so, the normal
Find the number of Kuta. In step [46], the number of normal sectors
Is greater than “0”, that is, whether a normal sector exists
If there is no normal sector, this route
End the processing of the next sector, but if there is a normal sector, the next
Proceeding to step [47], the data recorded in the replacement sector
Data to the normal sector where this data should be recorded.
Return to make a spare sector, and in step [48]
The replacement information recorded in the memory 11 is updated. The next steps [49] and [50] are magneto-optical
As the second replacement sector list in the SDL area of the disc
Update the recorded replacement information in step [48] above
Update / record with the replacement information
In step [49], the replacement information in the buffer memory is
Sort by bad sector address
On the magneto-optical disk in step [50] according to the replacement information
The second replacement sector list recorded in the SDL area
Update and end the recheck routine. It should be noted that the defect in the above step [49]
Sorting by sector address order is based on ISO standard
Therefore, if there is no need for sorting, this step [4
9] may be omitted. Also, the re-inspection routine described above
Is performed when the optical disk is loaded in the device.
Is also good. In the above embodiment, an error occurred during use
In the second replacement sector list that records the replacement information for
We have explained the processing based on
Record replacement information for permanent defective sectors
Using the first replacement sector list of the PDL area
Processing can be performed. This embodiment is based on the magneto-optical system according to the ISO standard.
Discs have been described, but each non-standard
Types of magneto-optical disks and optical disks that do not use the magneto-optical effect
Is also applicable to
It will not be obvious. As described above, according to the present invention,
A warning is issued when the spare area is running low.
The user has little spare area remaining, that is,
Of the optical discs, there are many replacement processes,
Notify the user that the condition is not very good and
Preparations such as replacement of disks can be performed. Also, dust or the like may be present in the optical system of the optical disk device.
If normal writing or reading cannot be performed due to
As long as the garbage etc. are not removed even after the replacement process
As a result of the continuous replacement process,
As a result, replacement is over and write processing is performed.
Data may be lost due to interruption of
Was determined to be abnormal. On the other hand, according to the present invention, the non-use state
Of the replacement part in
Data recording area and spare area are always secured for
To reduce the probability of replacement over
You. Further, the optical system is cleaned or replaced.
Overwrite occurred optical disk with another optical disk device
If used, it will no longer be used
Replacement occurs because the recorded part can be reused
And use this optical disk as normal
can do. Also, if dust or the like adheres to the optical disc,
An error occurs during writing or reading, causing
If this happens, clean this optical disc before reusing it.
Will be re-examined,
If there is a part of the record that is being recovered, use this part again
The special effect of preventing the occurrence of replacement over is obtained.
Can be

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating the principle of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a main routine of the embodiment. FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a replacement processing routine according to the embodiment; FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a retest routine according to the embodiment; [Description of Signs] 1 ... Writable / readable optical disk 2 ... Spindle control circuit 3 ... Spindle motor 4 ... Optical head 5 ... Bias magnet control circuit 6 ... Bias magnet 7 ... Optical head control circuit 8 ... Signal processing circuit 9 Bus 10 Drive controller 11 Buffer memory 12 Calculation means 13 Comparison means 14 Warning means

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[Procedure for Amendment] [Date of Submission] August 30, 2002 (2002.8.3
0) [Procedure amendment 1] [Document name to be amended] Description [Item name to be amended] Full text [Amendment method] Change [Content of amendment] [Document name] Description [Title of invention] Optical disc device [Claims] 1. The method according to claim 1, which is used by a replacement process performed earlier.
Re-examine the replaced sector that has disappeared, and
If a usable replacement sector is detected,
Write back data from the replacement destination sector to an available sector
This usable sector is used as an available data recording area.
An optical disk device provided with a control unit for performing data writing by a write command.
The replacement process is required during the replacement process.
And if there are available replacement sectors,
Write data back from the replacement sector to the
The need for an alternate sector made available by
Recording by the substitute process that has become
Indicates that the number of available alternative sectors after running is low
Gives a warning and can be used by the retest
Indicates that replacement processing is not possible if there is no replacement sector.
An optical disk device that issues a warning. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein said first and second replacement processes are used.
Re-examine the replaced sector that has disappeared, and
If a usable replacement sector is detected,
Write back data from the replacement destination sector to an available sector
This usable sector is used as an available data recording area.
An optical disk device provided with a control unit for performing data writing by a write command.
In the replacement process, the replacement sector is required.
If the amount of used exceeds the predetermined value,
Replacement sections that are unused due to the replacement process performed
Automatically re-checks for available replacement sectors.
Data from the alternate sector at the replacement destination
And the alternate section made available by the write-back.
Record the data in the above-mentioned alternative processing, and
Available after the replacement process is completed
Light warning that a warning is
Device. 3. The control means terminates the replacement process.
After the replacement sector usage exceeds the preset value
2. A warning is issued when the user is present.
2. The optical disc device according to 2. Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION [0001] 1. Field of the Invention
Optical disks such as magneto-optical disks and phase-change disks
The present invention relates to an optical disk device that performs writing or reading. 2. Description of the Related Art An optical disk as described above is a personal computer.
Being spotlighted as a large-capacity external storage medium for computers, etc.
However, this optical disc uses laser light.
Submicron-order recording mark on the recording medium
Can be formed with external recording media.
Widely used floppy disks and hard disks
Storage capacity can be significantly increased compared to disks.
You. [0003] For example, a magneto-optical disk of the ISO 10090 standard
Has a nominal size of 128 MB on one side of a replaceable 3.5-inch disk
It has a storage capacity, and magnetic recording with the same size
The storage capacity of one 3.5 inch floppy disk is
Since it is about 1 MB, a single magneto-optical disk
It has a storage capacity of 128 ppypie disks. As described above, an optical disk such as a magneto-optical disk
Is a replaceable recording medium with a very high recording density.
During production, defects such as unevenness and scratches
There is a problem that the yield of goods is poor,
Completely sealed for interchangeable optical discs as noted
Writing / reading is impossible
There are problems such as being unable to do so. For this reason, in the case of an optical disk,
Alternation processing is adopted for errors, and this
The problem is that an error occurs while writing or reading a sector.
Stop using the sector if the amount exceeds the threshold
In place of the bad sector where this error occurred,
Use an alternate sector that exceeds the nominal storage capacity.
Processing such as recording information with a disk controller
This is automatically performed by [0006] If this replacement process is adopted, no dust adheres.
Whichever causes the sector to fail
Can be recorded using alternative sectors.
Can prevent data loss beforehand,
From the user's point of view, the storage of the optical disc
No reduction in capacity and apparent writing / reading
No change in operation, so be aware of errors
Data can be recorded and reproduced without
You. [0007] However, the alternative section
The number of disks is finite, for example, 3.5 inch magneto-optical
The above ISO standard for cartridges has a maximum of 1024
A replacement sector is to be provided.
Use 1023 sectors and only one alternative sector remains
If the replacement process for two sectors occurs when there is no
And the writing is interrupted, and the host
There is a possibility that data to be written may be missing depending on the person
There is. An optical disk using a replaceable recording medium is used.
In a disk device, a magnetic disk in which a recording medium is sealed is used.
Different from disk device (so-called hard disk device)
The dust or dirt easily adheres to the recording medium or optical system.
There is a title. [0009] However, a replaceable optical disk is not
The recording medium is tightly closed
Unlike a magnetic disk drive, the user
Cleaning can be performed.
Can recover the defect. Also, when dust or the like adheres to the optical system,
Means that the output of the playback signal decreases,
Replacement processing is performed as if it occurred, but the next alternative
Even if writing / reading is performed to the
It remains low without recovering, so the next alternative
Writing and reading to and from the memory. Therefore, a state in which dust adheres to the optical system
Continue to alternate sectors as described above as long as
Writing / reading is performed, and finally there is no alternative sector.
Is overwritten, so this recording medium
It would be unusable. The replacement process in the magnetic disk device
May be used for reasons such as deterioration or damage of the recording medium and damage to the head.
It is generally performed on the basis of a recording medium.
Executed during initialization. According to the present invention, the replacement process performed earlier
Light that makes it possible to use the recording part that has been used
It is an object to provide a disk device. Means for Solving the Problems The invention according to claim 1 is:
Exchange that is no longer used by the replacement process performed earlier
Re-examine the replacement sector, and
If a replacement sector is detected, this available sector
Write back the data from the replacement sector to
Control means to make the active sector a usable data recording area
In the optical disc device provided with the
Replacement processing is not required when writing data
During the replacement process, the re-inspection is performed and the
If there is a replacement sector, this available sector is replaced with a replacement destination.
Write back data from the sector and use it
By the necessary alternative processing to the alternative sector
Make a record and use the alternatives available after the replacement process is completed.
Issue a warning that the number of sectors is low
There is no replacement sector that can be used by the retest.
Issue a warning that the replacement is not possible
An optical disc device characterized by the following. According to the second aspect of the present invention, the replacement performed earlier is performed.
Re-examine replaced sectors that are no longer used by processing
And a usable replacement sector is detected by the retest.
If this is done, this available sector will be replaced by the replacement sector.
Write data back from the
Optical disk equipped with control means for functioning data recording area
In the apparatus, the control means is configured to execute a write command
Replacement processing is required when writing data.
When the usage of the replacement sector exceeds a predetermined value.
Is not used by the replacement process performed earlier.
Automatically re-examines certain replacement sectors and
If there is a replacement sector, this available sector
Write back the data from the
In the replacement sector that has become necessary
Recording, and an alternative cell that can be used after the replacement process is completed.
It warns that the number of
In the optical disk device. The invention according to claim 3 is the invention according to claim 1 or 2.
In the optical disk device described above, the control means includes:
After the replacement process is completed, the usage amount of the replacement sector is determined in advance.
A warning is issued when the set value is exceeded.
Existing in optical disk devices. The principle of the present invention will be described with reference to the principle diagram of FIG.
You. FIG. 1 shows a data recording area of the optical disc,
The alternative sector area and the DMA area are schematically shown.
In an actual optical disc, the recording tracks of these areas
Is formed concentrically or spirally on the disc.
Sectors are sequentially provided on this recording track.
Things. According to the first aspect of the present invention, an optical disk is used.
Data record where an error was found during the replacement process
The replacement sector of the recording area is
Garbage is removed by cleaning the disk, etc.
Can be used again, so in this case also
This is for effectively using the data recording area. The first aspect of the present invention has a data recording area.
Control means, and
Replacement processing is required when writing data with a command,
During the replacement process, the re-inspection is performed and a usable replacement
If there is a sector, this available sector is replaced with the replacement sector.
Data from the data, and it becomes usable by the write-back.
By the above-mentioned necessary alternative processing in the alternative sector
The replacement area is lost during data writing.
Continues data writing without interrupting data writing
After the replacement process is completed, the number of
Issue a warning indicating that the
If there is no replacement sector that can be used,
By issuing a warning that it is possible,
Alerts you that there are few spare sectors left
In addition, replacement processing is not possible and can be used anymore.
Notify that there is no spare sector. According to the second aspect of the present invention, the data recording area can be effectively used.
For use, and the control means is a light command.
Replacement processing is required when writing data with
During the replacement process, the usage amount of the replacement sector
If it exceeds the limit, it will be
Automatically re-examines the replacement sector that is in use for use.
If there is a functional replacement sector, the replacement destination is
Data back from the alternate sector of
Alternative processing required for the alternative sector that has become available
By performing the recording by the data, the alternative sector can be
Even if the amount of used exceeds the predetermined value, the data
Data writing without interrupting
The remaining number of available alternative sectors after completion is low
Will warn the user of the remaining alternate sector.
Alerts you that there are few. The invention according to claim 3 is the invention according to claim 1 or 2.
In addition to the function of the invention. The control means has completed the replacement process.
The usage amount of the subsequent alternative sector exceeds the preset value.
Alerts the user when a
You. Dust adheres to the optical system of the optical disk device
If normal writing or reading cannot be performed
Even if the replacement process does not remove dust,
Insufficient replacement sectors as a result of continuous processing
And the replacement is over, during the writing process
Data may be lost due to disconnection, etc.
Was determined to be normal. On the other hand, according to the present invention, the data writing
Replacement that is unused even if there is no alternative area inside
Sectors are restored to usable state by automatic retest
Data storage area and alternate sectors are always
To reduce the probability of replacement over,
Also, the optics may be cleaned or replaced.
If the used optical disk is used in another optical disk device,
Recorded parts that are no longer used due to disc replacement
Replacement over does not occur because it can be reused,
This optical disc can be used as normal
You. Further, dust and the like adhere to the optical disc.
Error occurs during writing or reading
When this happens, clean the optical disc before reusing it.
If you use it, it will be automatically re-examined.
Replace the recorded part that has been restored to a usable state by using it again
The special effect that over-run does not occur is obtained
You. DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS In this embodiment, an optical disc
A magneto-optical disk shall be used as an example of
The configuration related to the present invention will be described.
The disk is based on the standard of ISO10090 and has a diameter of 3.5
It has a data recording capacity of about 128 MB on one side of the inch.
As shown in the principle diagram of FIG.
Magneto-optical outside the data recording area with a recording capacity equivalent to
DMA (D) for recording information for disc management
efect Manageent Area)
An alternative sector is prepared to replace the defective sector.
And an alternative recording area. In the above-mentioned DMA area, this magneto-optical disk is used.
Record management information and replacement information including the total number of replacement sectors
DDS (Disk Difinition Sector) area
Permanently defective sectors detected by pre-shipment inspection
PDL (Prima) that stores the address of the bad block containing
(ry Defect List) area and when using disk media
SDL (S
econdary Defect List) area. In the PDL area, a magneto-optical disk is provided.
Permanent defect section with permanent defects that occurred during disk manufacturing
The above alternative in which the data is replaced by the sector slipping method
This permanent defect addresses the address of the alternate sector in the storage area.
The list corresponding to the sector address is the first replacement sector
It is stored in advance as a list. Further, during use of a magneto-optical disk,
Of bad sectors that have been recorded
Linear replacement element that records data in alternate sectors
The use of alternative sectors is
The bad sector address, which is the address of a good sector, and this bad sector address
A replacement address indicating the address of the replacement sector that replaced the good sector
In the SDL area, a list corresponding to the dress
It is configured to record as a replacement sector list. FIG. 2 shows a magneto-optical device constructed by applying the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an embodiment of the disk device,
FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing an operation example of this embodiment.
3 is a main routine, and FIG. 4 is a replacement processing routine.
FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing a re-examination routine.
You. In FIG. 2 showing the configuration of the embodiment, 1
Is a writable and readable magneto-optical disk,
The spindle motor 3 under the control of the control circuit 2
It is rotating at a predetermined speed. To write on this magneto-optical disk 1
Is the bias voltage supplied from the bias magnet control circuit 5.
Generated by exciting the bias magnet 6 with current
The signal processing circuit 8 and the optical head control circuit
Light modulated with write data provided via path 7
The beam is applied from the optical head 4 to the recording portion of the magneto-optical disk 1.
Write data by projecting. The information is recorded on the magneto-optical disk 1.
When reading data, the presence of a magnetic field
Light to the part of the magneto-optical disk 1 to be read
A light beam is projected from the head 4 and reflected at the readout site.
The reflected light is converted into an optical signal by the optical head
By demodulating this optical signal by the processing circuit 8,
The data recorded on the magneto-optical disk 1 is read. What
As is well known, a disk like a magneto-optical disk
Writing or reading on the data recording medium is
This is performed in units of sectors on the recording track of disk 1.
You. The drive controller 10 is not shown.
Less microcomputer and buffer memory 11
FIG. 2 shows this microcomputer.
Of the functions related to the present invention among the processing functions of the
"Stage" 12, "comparison means" 13 and "warning means" 14.
Shown. In the embodiment having the above-described structure,
The processing of the in-routine will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.
explain. In step [10], the magneto-optical disk is mounted.
Detecting whether or not the
It is in a standby state until the disk is mounted,
If it is detected in this step that the
Proceeding to step [11], the DMA area of this magneto-optical disk is read.
Read the area and read the magneto-optical disk from the DDS area.
Replacement information including management information and the number of all alternative sectors;
Detected by pre-shipment inspection of disk media from
The first replacement section recording the address of the defective block
And the use of this magneto-optical disk from the SDL area.
Record replacement information for bad sectors that occurred during use.
And the second replacement sector list in the buffer memory 11.
Store. The next step [12] is a command from the host.
This is the step of detecting the command until the command arrives.
Is in a standby state, and when a write command arrives, the next
The data specified in step [13] is
In step [14], the written data
Data is read out and compared with the data written by the comparing means 13.
Perform verification to compare. As a result of this verification, the written data and
If the read data matches, normal writing is performed.
In step [15], it is necessary to perform replacement processing.
It is determined that there is no command and the command waits in step [12]
Returns, but the written data matches the read data.
If not, it means that writing was not done correctly
Then, in step [15], after determining that replacement processing is necessary,
The process proceeds to the replacement process routine [16] described in detail. The above step [12] includes the write command
Processing when a command other than the command arrives from the host
Ki is also shown briefly, and examples of specific commands
Examples of the retest command and the eject command
Was. When this recheck command arrives, details will be given later.
Move to the reexamination routine [17] described in
When a media command is received, the media ejection process in step [18]
Eject the magneto-optical disk by pressing the eject button.
The ejection of this magneto-optical disk can also be performed by operating
Be done. Note that other commands are not
The corresponding processing in the routine shown as step [19]
Is performed, and the above-described replacement processing routine and re-inspection routine are performed.
When these processes are completed together with the media
Return to step [12] and wait for command.
You. FIG. 4 shows processing in the above-described replacement processing routine.
Is a flowchart showing the process in step [21].
Buffer memo in step [11] of the main routine
From the management information of this magneto-optical disk stored in the
For example, read the second replacement sector list and
Calculating the number of used sectors from the number of used bytes, etc.
The use amount M of the substitute sector is obtained by
[22] of the entire sector prepared as an alternative sector
The number A is read, and in the subsequent step [23],
Therefore, the number of available alternative sectors (AM) = N is calculated. The calculation result N is set to “0” by the comparing means 13.
Compare, as a result, if N is greater than "0", it can be used
Since there are various alternative sectors,
Data that should have been written in step [13]
This usable replacement sector is used in the replacement process in step [25].
Write to. Thereafter, step [14] of the main routine
Was written correctly by the same verification as
Is confirmed, and updates are performed based on the result of this replacement process.
The new replacement information is stored in the buffer memory 11. In the next step [26], the buffer memo
Read the number M 'of updated used alternative sectors from the memory 11
Then, in a subsequent step [27], a predetermined set value K
From the buffer memory 11 or the like, and
The value of (K−M ′) is calculated according to 2. Here, the set value K
Should be prepared in a replaceable state.
It indicates the number of sectors. Note that the set value K is a magneto-optical
All alternative sections, for example, 1024 KB, from the disk's DMA area
Read the number of data and, for example, half the number of sectors (512KB)
Is calculated by the arithmetic means 12 and is set as a set value K in the buffer
Although it may be stored in the memory 11, another method and
Then, this set value K itself is set at the time of shipment of the magneto-optical disk drive.
And store it in the ROM of this device.
When the disk unit starts up, it is transferred and stored in the buffer memory.
Or the DMA area of the magneto-optical disk itself.
This set value K itself is stored in
This setting value K is read when the
May be stored. Therefore, in step [28], this (K-M ')
Is used when it is detected that the value of has become smaller than “0”
Warns you that the number of possible alternative sectors is running low
Step 14 warns the host and through this host
The condition of the magneto-optical disk is getting worse for the user
Notify. By the way, in step [24] described above, (N>
0), that is, it is determined that there is no
Moves to the reexamination routine of step [31].
Data replaced by an alternate sector as a bad sector
Automatically re-examine the sectors in the data storage area and
Sectors that can be used for sectors in the
Data, the data recorded in the alternate sector is
Of the data recording area where the data of
Return to the sector where it was detected and make an alternate sector
Is performed. In addition, this re-inspection routine
The details of the operation will be described later with reference to FIG. As a result of the processing by this reexamination routine,
Step [32] is whether there is a usable alternative sector
If there is an available alternative sector,
The replacement process of step [25] is executed, but it can be used.
If no alternative sector exists, replace in step [33]
Tells the host that a bar has occurred and that replacement processing is not possible
Notice. FIG. 5 is a flow chart of the reexamination routine described above.
It is a flowchart showing the details of the processing, step
[41] is the same as step [21] of the replacement processing routine.
The usage M of the replacement sector is obtained, and this usage is determined in step [42].
If the quantity M is "0", the processing of this routine is terminated.
Determines that M> 0, that is, an alternate sector is used
Then, in the next step [43], the main routine
Read from the SDL area in step [11]
11 indicates a bad sector generated during use during use.
Replacement information from the second replacement sector list.
Write dummy data to the bad sector. In the following step [44], in step [43]
Read the written dummy data, and in step [45],
Data written in step [43] and read in step [44]
Verify the data, but if
If there are multiple good sectors, for each bad sector
Repeat steps [43] to [45] above
By doing so, the normal
Find the number of Kuta. In step [46], the number of normal sectors
Is greater than “0”, that is, whether a normal sector exists
If there is no normal sector, this route
End the processing of the next sector, but if there is a normal sector, the next
Proceeding to step [47], the data recorded in the alternate sector
Data to the normal sector where this data should be recorded.
Return to make an alternate sector, and in step [48]
The replacement information recorded in the memory 11 is updated. The next steps [49] and [50] are
As the second replacement sector list in the SDL area of the disc
Update the recorded replacement information in step [48] above
Update / record with the replacement information
In step [49], the replacement information in the buffer memory is
Sort by bad sector address
On the magneto-optical disk in step [50] according to the replacement information
The second replacement sector list recorded in the SDL area
Update and end the recheck routine. It should be noted that the failure in the above step [49]
Sorting by sector address order is based on ISO standard
Therefore, if there is no need for sorting, this step [4
9] may be omitted. Also, the re-inspection routine described above
Is performed when the optical disk is loaded in the device.
Is also good. In the above-described embodiment, the error generated during use is
Second replacement sector list that records replacement information for
We explained the processing based on
Replacement information about permanent defective sectors that occurred at the time
Using the first replacement sector list of the PDL area
Such processing can be performed. Further, this embodiment employs a magneto-optical
Discussed discs but not based on this standard
Various magneto-optical disks and optical disks that do not use the magneto-optical effect
That the same applies to
Not obvious. As described above, according to the present invention,
If the dust is attached to the optical system of the optical disk
If the data cannot be read or written,
Even if the dust is not removed,
As a result, there is a shortage of alternate sectors.
Replacement occurs, and the writing process is interrupted.
It is determined that data has been lost or the optical disk is abnormal.
Was refused. On the other hand, according to the present invention, the data writing
Even if there is no alternative area inside, write processing is immediately interrupted
Replacement sector in unused state without warning
Is restored to a usable state by automatic retest
For this reason, a data recording area and alternate sectors are always
It is possible to reduce the probability of occurrence of replacement over. Further, cleaning or replacement of the optical system
Overwrite occurred optical disk with another optical disk device
If used, it will no longer be used
Replacement occurs because the recorded part can be reused
And use this optical disk as normal
Can be warned after the replacement process is over
Inform the user that the remaining alternate sector is low
Alerts you and cannot be replaced.
Signals that no alternative sector is available. Also,
The replacement sector usage after the replacement process is completed is predetermined.
By issuing a warning when the set value exceeds the
Inform Zah of that fact. Also, if dust or the like adheres to the optical disc,
An error occurs during writing or reading, causing
If this happens, clean this optical disc before reusing it.
Will be automatically re-examined,
If there is a recorded part that has been restored to a normal state,
Data loss due to interruption of the write process, etc.
Special effect of preventing the occurrence of replacement over
Fruit is obtained. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating the principle of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing an example of a main routine according to the embodiment;
It is a chart. FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a replacement processing routine according to the embodiment;
It is a chart. FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing an example of a retest routine according to the embodiment;
It is a chart. [Description of Signs] 1 ... Writable / readable optical disk 2 ... Spindle control circuit 3 ... Spindle motor 4 ... Optical head 5 ... Bias magnet control circuit 6 ... Bias magnet 7 ... Optical head control circuit 8 ... Signal processing circuit 9 Bus 10 Drive controller 11 Buffer memory 12 Calculation means 13 Comparison means 14 Warning means [Procedure correction 2] [Document name to be corrected] [Name] Fig. 4 [Correction method] Change [Correction details] [Fig. 4] [Procedure amendment 3] [Document name to be amended] Drawing [Item name to be amended] Fig. 5 [Correction method] Change [Content of amendment] [Fig. 5]

Claims (1)

Claims 1. A replacement sector that is no longer used by a replacement process performed previously is re-examined, and when a usable replacement sector is detected by the re-examination, the replacement sector is detected. In an optical disc apparatus comprising control means for writing back data from a replacement sector of a replacement destination to a usable sector and setting the usable sector as a usable data recording area, the control means includes a step of writing data by a write command. During the replacement process, the reexamination is performed, and if there is a usable replacement sector, data is written back to the available sector from the replacement destination replacement sector, and the write-back is performed. In the alternative sector that has become available, the necessary alternative processing is used to perform recording, and after the replacement processing is completed, the number of available alternative sectors remains small. An optical disk device that issues a warning indicating that replacement processing is not possible if there is no usable replacement sector due to the recheck.