JP2003064374A - Carbonization method and carbonization device and method for operating carbonization device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a carbonization method which makes it possible to prevent the ashing and excessive heat loss of a carbon material not maintained in a constant state, such as flammable wastes, caused by igniting the carbon material in the un-dried state to form the largely heterogeneous distribution of the inner temperature of a carbonization furnace. SOLUTION: This carbonization method for self-burning the heated carbon material W is characterized by containing a process for discharging a gas in the carbonization furnace 12 from the carbonization furnace 12, heating the discharged gas, introducing the heated gas into the carbonization furnace 12 to heat the carbon material W with the introduced gas, and thus heating the carbon material W in an approximately oxygen-free state in the carbonization furnace 12 at least until reaching the ignition temperature of the carbon material W, and a process for charging combustion air into the carbonization furnace 12 to self-burn the carbon material W in the carbonization furnace 12, thus carbonizing the carbon material.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a carbonization method and a carbonization apparatus for obtaining charcoal made of combustible materials such as forest resources and combustible waste, and a method for operating the carbonization apparatus.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, a carbonization method for obtaining charcoal from a combustible material is a method of directly igniting a carbonaceous material which is a raw material of charcoal and then proceeding with carbonization while limiting the amount of combustion air to the carbonaceous material (hereinafter, referred to as "Self-combustion method") and a method of accommodating carbonaceous material in a container equipped with an exhaust port, heating the carbonaceous material from outside the container to make the inside of the container oxygen-free, and promoting carbonization in the oxygen-free condition (hereinafter, "External heat method").

The general carbonization process is called a drying process for drying the carbonaceous material, a carbonizing process for thermally decomposing the carbonaceous material, a refining process for improving the quality of the charcoal, and a cooling process for cooling the carbonized carbonaceous material. It consists of a series of steps. The drying step is a step of heating the carbonaceous material contained in the container and evaporating the water contained in the carbonaceous material to dry the carbonaceous material. The carbonization step is a step of thermally decomposing and carbonizing the carbonaceous material by heating the dried carbonaceous material.In the self-combustion carbonization method, a part of the carbonaceous material is ignited and the carbonaceous material is heated by the self-combustion. The material is carbonized. The refining step is a step of raising the temperature of the carbonized carbonaceous material (charcoal) to burn a small amount of undecomposed matter remaining in the carbonized carbonaceous material. The cooling step is a step of cooling the carbonized carbonaceous material in the container after the refining process with the atmosphere inside the container and the air outside the container blocked. However, in the series of steps, when the carbonaceous material is almost dried, the drying step is omitted, and the refining step may be omitted depending on the desired quality of the charcoal.

By the way, when combustible waste is carbonized by an external heating type carbonizer as carbonaceous material, the inside of the container becomes anoxic due to heating from the outside of the container, so the carbonaceous material inside the container is anoxic. Is heated in. Therefore, the progress of carbonization can be controlled by controlling the temperature outside the container,
It has the advantage that it is easier to control than the self-combustion type in which the carbonaceous material is directly heated and reacted. However, when the carbonization equipment becomes large-scale, the heating amount for the container increases depending on the scale, but in reality, it is inevitable that the temperature distribution in the container varies, and as a result, it is generated. The quality of charcoal is not stable. In addition, carbonaceous materials that are not in a constant state such as flammable waste (“carbonaceous materials that are not in a constant state” in this specification include, for example, shape, size, weight, material and water content, etc. In this case, it is practically difficult to stir the carbonaceous material.

On the other hand, when combustible waste is carbonized as a carbonaceous material by a self-combustion type carbonizer, the carbonaceous material itself advances the carbonization while maintaining an exothermic reaction. The temperature of the carbonaceous material can be raised almost uniformly. Therefore, a self-combustion carbonization apparatus is suitable for carbonizing a carbon material that is not in a constant state.

Further, when combustible waste is made of carbonaceous materials, it is not possible to supply a constant amount of these carbonaceous materials within a predetermined period, but they are generated irregularly. Further, the shape, size, weight, material, water content, etc. of these carbon materials are often not constant. Therefore, it is difficult to stably obtain charcoal and to control the operation of the carbonization device in the continuous carbonization device that continuously carbonizes the carbonaceous material. Therefore,
When carbonizing carbonaceous materials that are not in a certain state such as flammable waste, the generated carbonaceous materials are batched together rather than the "continuous carbonization device" that continuously supplies carbonized carbon to the carbonization equipment. There is an advantage in using a "batch type carbonization device" for carbonizing.

As such a batch-type self-combustion carbonizing apparatus, there are conventionally known, for example, JP-A-11-199873 (hereinafter referred to as conventional apparatus 1) and JP-A-2000-26.
Japanese Patent No. 5174 (hereinafter, referred to as conventional device 2), Patent No. 2
The carbonization device described in Japanese Patent No. 563073 (hereinafter referred to as conventional device 3) and Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-55580 (hereinafter referred to as conventional device 4) is known.

The conventional apparatus 1 is provided with a carbonization furnace for containing carbonaceous material, and a burner for igniting carbonaceous material (hereinafter referred to as an ignition burner) is provided in the carbonization furnace. In addition to checking the ignition of the carbonaceous material, controlling the amount of combustion air introduced into the carbonizing furnace and controlling the temperature rise rate of each part of the carbonaceous material A temperature sensor is provided at the location. According to this conventional device 1,
The combustion gas of the ignition burner is said to be a heat source for heating the carbonaceous material, but it was necessary to turn off the ignition burner when the self-combustion of the carbonaceous material began. Further, in order to prevent misfire and excessive self-combustion of the carbonaceous material, it was necessary to control so that the amount of combustion air introduced did not become too small or too large after the ignition of the carbonaceous material. Therefore,
The temperature sensors provided at several locations in the carbonization furnace determine the ignition of the carbonaceous material based on the temperature change at each location of the carbonaceous material, or the color and odor of the gas (smoke) generated from the carbonaceous material. It was a thing. Further, based on the temperature of each part of the carbonaceous material being heated measured by a temperature sensor, the amount of combustion air introduced into the carbonization furnace is controlled to control the rate of temperature rise of each part of the carbonaceous material. Met.

The conventional apparatus 2 holds a charcoal cylinder body filled with charcoal prepared in advance in the carbonization furnace in order to ignite the charcoal material while suppressing excessive heating of the charcoal material. The charcoal is burned and the carbonaceous material is heated by the combustion gas generated from the charcoal. Similarly, in the conventional device 3, in order to suppress the excessive heating of the carbonaceous material and ignite the carbonaceous material, the ignition burner is burned at an air ratio not more than the theoretical air amount, and the combustion generated by the combustion of the ignition burner is performed. The gas was used to heat the carbonaceous material.

In the conventional apparatus 4, a combustion chamber equipped with a burner is provided above the carbonization chamber, and gas in the carbonization chamber generated by carbonization of carbonaceous material is completely combusted in the combustion chamber to prevent air pollution. It controls the release. Further, this type of device detects the end of the carbonization process based on the temperature in the combustion chamber, and then shifts to the cooling process after detecting the end of the carbonization process.

[0011]

However, the conventional devices 1 to 4 have the following problems. In the conventional device 1, since it is only necessary to grasp the temperature change of the carbonaceous material around the temperature sensor, when the carbonaceous material is not in a constant state,
It is extremely difficult to grasp the temperature condition of the entire carbonaceous material, and it has not been possible to confirm the ignition of the carbonaceous material at a position apart from the temperature sensor, for example. In addition, it is difficult for a person other than a skilled worker to judge from the color and odor of the gas (smoke) generated from the carbonaceous material, and even a skilled operator can confirm the ignition of the carbonaceous material. Tended to be ambiguous. Further, even if the temperature condition of the entire carbonaceous material can be grasped, it is virtually impossible to adjust the amount of combustion air introduced based on the temperature change at a specific location of the carbonaceous material. as a result,
It was unavoidable that the carbonaceous material was excessively self-combusted to be incinerated and that the carbonaceous material excluding the vicinity of the temperature sensor caused a misfire. Further, as a result of undergoing such an inefficient carbonization process, excessive heat loss has also occurred.

Further, in the conventional apparatus 2, a charcoal cylinder filled with charcoal prepared in advance is set in a carbonization furnace, the charcoal in the charcoal cylinder is burned, and the carbonaceous material is heated by the combustion gas generated from the charcoal. Further, in the conventional device 3, since the ignition burner is burned at an air ratio equal to or less than the theoretical air amount, and the carbonaceous material is heated by the generated combustion gas, in any device, the generated combustion gas Combustible gases such as carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons are dominated by the components. Therefore, sending these combustion gases into the carbonization furnace at the initial stage of heating the carbonaceous material means that the cold inside of the carbonization furnace is filled with combustible gas, which may cause an explosion. Therefore, it is necessary to separately consider the safety problem in these conventional devices.

Further, in the conventional apparatus 4, when the amount of combustion air introduced into the carbonization furnace becomes excessive in a temperature range where thermal decomposition of carbonaceous material is active, a larger amount of gas is generated than the carbonaceous material and gas is generated. Since it is guided to the combustion chamber, the temperature of the combustion chamber temporarily rises, the combustion amount exceeds the allowable amount, black smoke is generated from the exhaust port, and there is a possibility that the structural material of the gas combustion chamber is damaged.
For this reason, the material of the combustion chamber is made of a material having high fire resistance, and the volume of the combustion chamber is adjusted to a size capable of adapting to the maximum amount of combustion.
Further, by increasing the volume of the combustion chamber, it is necessary to increase the burner output in order to maintain the temperature inside the combustion chamber, and as a result, the fuel consumption of the burner increases.

The problems to be solved by the present invention are a)
Carbonaceous material that is not in a certain state is ignited in an undried state, resulting in ashing of carbonaceous material and excessive heat loss. (B) Carbonaceous ash cannot be accurately and easily grasped for confirmation of ignition of carbonaceous material. (C) It is impossible to control the temperature in the carbonization furnace by adjusting the amount of combustion air to be introduced into the carbonization furnace.
Inducing ashing of carbonaceous materials, d) Safety issues such as explosion due to the use of flammable gas as a heat source for ignition and carbonization of carbonaceous materials,
E) Further, when the gas generated from carbonaceous material is burned in the combustion chamber, a large amount of gas temporarily flows into the combustion chamber, and the gas is incompletely burned, or the combustion chamber has a large scale due to burning. It is to solve the problem of the above-mentioned conventional device that a structure with high fire resistance is required, and the carbonaceous material is dried by heating so as to control the temperature of the entire carbonaceous material almost uniformly, Carbonization of the carbonaceous material can be started while suppressing excessive heating, and the start of carbonization can be confirmed accurately, and the amount of combustion air to be introduced into the carbonization furnace can be easily adjusted to generate it from the carbonaceous material. Carbonization method, carbonization equipment, and operating method of carbonization equipment, which enables the gas to be generated in a small-scale, low-fireproof combustion chamber and reduces the risk of explosion without flowing air into the carbonization furnace in the cooling process. The purpose is to provide.

[0015]

In order to achieve the above object, the carbonization method according to claim 1 is a carbonization method in which a heated carbonaceous material is self-combusted and carbonized. The internal gas is sent to the outside of the carbonization furnace, the furnace gas sent to the outside of the carbonization furnace is heated, and then the heated internal gas of the furnace is introduced into the carbonization furnace, and the inside of the furnace is introduced. By heating the carbonaceous material in the carbonization furnace with a gas, a step of heating the carbonaceous material in a substantially oxygen-free state in the carbonization furnace, and the temperature of the carbonaceous material is equal to or higher than the ignition point of the carbonaceous material. At that time, a combustion step of introducing combustion air into the carbonization furnace and introducing the combustion air to cause the carbonaceous material to self-combust in the carbonization furnace for carbonization is performed.

In the carbonization method according to the first aspect, the carbonaceous material is arranged in the carbonization furnace so that the inside of the carbonization furnace is almost sealed. Gas in the furnace of the carbonization furnace is sent to the outside of the furnace, and the gas in the furnace is heated outside the furnace. The heated furnace gas is introduced into the carbonization furnace, and the carbonaceous material in the carbonization furnace is heated by the introduced furnace gas. Here, when the temperature of the carbonaceous material rises due to heating, a thermally decomposable gas is generated from the carbonaceous material and the inside of the carbonization furnace is in a substantially oxygen-free state. Further, the heating of the carbonaceous material is continued in a substantially oxygen-free state. At this time,
As described above, since the carbonaceous material is heated in an almost oxygen-free state in advance, even if the carbonaceous material is not in a constant state, the entire carbonaceous material is continuously heated without excessive heat of a part of the carbonaceous material. be able to. And if you continue heating in this state,
The entire carbonaceous material is heated to at least the ignition point without fluctuation in the overall temperature. Then, when the temperature of the carbonaceous material reaches or exceeds its ignition point, the delivery of the in-furnace gas to the outside of the furnace is stopped and the combustion air is introduced into the carbonization furnace. The carbonaceous material is self-combusted by the combustion air introduced into the carbonization furnace. As mentioned above, since the entire carbonaceous material has already been uniformly heated, even if the carbonaceous material is not in a constant state, part of it may be incinerated in the process of performing nature due to temperature variations, On the contrary, there will be no part that cannot be sufficiently carbonized. In addition, when the carbonaceous material contains water, it is generated as steam before the generation of the thermally decomposable gas, and the heated steam becomes superheated steam, and in addition to drying and heating the carbonaceous material,
Along with the thermally decomposable gas, it becomes a part of the furnace gas for making the carbonization furnace almost oxygen-free. In addition to the water content of the carbonaceous material, even if the water content of the carbonaceous material varies, it is heated in the "carbonization material heating step" prior to the "carbonization step" of the carbonaceous material. By filling the inside of the carbonization furnace with the steam generated from the carbonaceous material and the pyrolytic gas, the inside of the carbonization furnace becomes almost oxygen-free, and the carbonaceous material is dried by the heat of the heated furnace gas. Therefore, the temperature of the carbonaceous material is raised almost uniformly as a whole, and as a result, the entire carbonaceous material in the carbonization furnace is uniformly dried. As the "heating means for heating the gas in the furnace" and the "introducing means for introducing the combustion air into the carbonization furnace", various known heating devices, air introducing devices and the like can be used. Further, the heat source such as fuel of the “heating means” is not particularly limited.

Since the carbonization method according to the first aspect is configured as described above, it is possible to easily prevent ashing of carbonaceous material and excessive heat loss. Moreover, since the carbonaceous material is heated in a substantially oxygen-free state until the combustion air is introduced, the carbonaceous material does not burn even if the temperature inside the carbonization furnace is increased,
Therefore, there is no danger of explosion in the heating process of the carbonaceous material. In addition, the heating of the carbonaceous material is performed in an almost oxygen-free state, and even if the temperature inside the carbonization furnace is raised, the carbonaceous material does not self-combust. It can be heated. Therefore, the time required to raise the temperature of the carbonaceous material can be shortened, and thus the processing time from the storage of the carbonaceous material in the carbonization furnace to the completion of carbonization can be shortened.

A carbonization method according to a second aspect is the carbonization method according to the first aspect, wherein a part of the gas in the furnace is separately burned outside the furnace, and the combustion gas generated by the combustion of the gas in the furnace is heated in the furnace. It is characterized in that it is used as a heat source for heating the gas outside the furnace.

In the carbonization method according to the second aspect, after the thermally decomposable gas is generated from the carbonaceous material, the in-furnace gas is discharged to the outside of the furnace separately from the above-mentioned delivery of the in-furnace gas to the outside of the furnace. The in-furnace gas is burned, and the combustion gas generated by the combustion of the in-furnace gas can heat the in-furnace gas sent to the outside of the furnace. Then, the furnace gas heated by the combustion gas is introduced into the carbonization furnace. According to the carbonization method of the second aspect, the following effects can be obtained. A part of the in-furnace gas is separately burned outside the furnace, and the combustion gas generated by the combustion of the in-furnace gas is used as the heat source of the in-furnace gas heated outside the furnace, so that the in-furnace gas can be efficiently heated. You can
The thermal energy generated from the carbonization device is not wasted.

The carbonization method according to claim 3 is the carbonization method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a part of the gas in the furnace is separately burned outside the furnace, and the combustion gas is used instead of the combustion air. Is introduced into the carbonization furnace.

In the carbonization method according to the above-mentioned claim 2, the combustion gas can be obtained by burning a part of the gas inside the furnace outside the furnace, but according to the carbonization method according to claim 3,
A part of this combustion gas can be used instead of the combustion air described above. In this carbonization method, first, when starting the carbonization of the carbonaceous material, the combustion gas is supplied to the carbonization furnace instead of the combustion air. Since the combustion gas has a lower oxygen concentration than the combustion air introduced into the carbonization furnace, even if this combustion gas is introduced into the carbonization furnace, the self-combustion of the carbonaceous material is gently started. Further, if combustion gas is continuously introduced, the self-combustion of the carbonaceous material is gradually continued. Therefore, according to the carbonization method of the third aspect, the self-combustion of the carbonaceous material is slowly started and continued, and the ashing of the carbonaceous material due to excessive self-combustion can be further suppressed.

A carbonization apparatus according to a fourth aspect is provided with a carbonization furnace for containing carbonaceous material, and a gas delivery port for delivering the in-furnace gas in the carbonization furnace to the outside of the carbonization furnace. A gas inlet for introducing the in-furnace gas into the carbonization furnace, and a gas outlet for separately discharging the in-furnace gas in the carbonization furnace out of the furnace; A gas delivery duct is connected to the outlet, a gas introduction duct is connected to the gas introduction port, and a gas circulation path is formed by the gas delivery duct and the gas introduction duct that are connected in communication with each other. A supply duct is connected to the gas introduction duct, a supply amount control mechanism for controlling the supply amount of combustion air is provided in the supply duct, and heating means for heating the inside of the gas introduction duct is provided beside the carbonization furnace. It is characterized by that.

In the carbonization apparatus according to the fourth aspect, the carbonaceous material is arranged in the carbonization furnace, and the gas circulation path in which the combustion chamber is provided and the carbonization furnace are hermetically sealed so that combustion air is not introduced. And From the carbonization furnace to the outside of the furnace, the in-furnace gas is sent out through the gas delivery port and the gas delivery duct, and the in-furnace gas is again introduced into the carbonization furnace through the gas introduction duct and the gas introduction port,
The furnace gas is circulated in the gas circulation path. At this time,
The furnace gas circulating in the gas introduction duct is heated by the heating means. By introducing the heated in-furnace gas into the carbonization furnace, the carbonaceous material in the carbonization furnace is wholly heated and its temperature rises. Pyrolytic gas is generated from the carbonaceous material due to heating, and part of the furnace gas is discharged from the gas outlet,
The inside of the carbonization furnace is almost oxygen-free. If the carbonaceous material is a water-containing material, steam is generated from the carbonaceous material by heating. Further, in this state, the carbonaceous material is heated throughout in a substantially oxygen-free state while being dried as necessary. When the temperature inside the carbonization furnace reaches or exceeds the ignition point of the carbonaceous material, the circulation of the furnace gas is stopped and the supply amount control mechanism is activated to burn the gas introduction duct of the gas circulation path that was in a closed state. Introduce air gradually. The combustion air is heated by the heating means, and the heated combustion air is introduced into the carbonization furnace through the gas introduction port of the carbonization furnace. This combustion air causes the carbonaceous material to start self-combustion. Further, the heat generation due to the self-combustion of the carbonaceous material advances the thermal decomposition of the carbonaceous material, and the carbonaceous material is carbonized. At this time, since the temperature of the carbonized material to be carbonized is almost entirely increased, the carbonization of the carbonized material due to the thermal decomposition is carried out substantially evenly over the entire carbonized material. When the carbonization of the carbonaceous material is completed, the heating means is stopped and the carbonization furnace is cooled. If you need a refining process,
After the carbonization of the carbonaceous material is completed, the temperature of the carbonized carbonaceous material is increased.

The carbonizing apparatus according to the fourth aspect of the present invention thus constructed has the following effects. Since the heating process of the carbonaceous material is performed in an almost oxygen-free state, the carbonaceous material is heated at a substantially uniform temperature as a whole. Therefore, carbonization of the carbonaceous material progresses substantially uniformly over the entire carbonaceous material. Therefore, ashing of carbonaceous material and excessive heat loss can be easily prevented. Also,
Since the carbonaceous material can be heated in an almost oxygen-free state until the combustion air is introduced, the carbonaceous material does not burn even if the temperature inside the carbonization furnace is raised. In the process, the danger of explosion can be eliminated. In addition, the heating of the carbonaceous material is performed in an almost oxygen-free state, and even if the temperature inside the carbonization furnace is raised, the carbonaceous material does not self-combust. It can be heated. Therefore, the time required to raise the temperature of the carbonaceous material can be shortened, and thus the processing time from the storage of the carbonaceous material in the carbonization furnace to the completion of carbonization can be shortened.

The carbonizing apparatus according to claim 5 is provided with a carbonizing furnace for containing carbonaceous material, and a gas delivery port for delivering the in-furnace gas in the carbonizing furnace to the outside of the carbonizing furnace. A gas introduction port for introducing the in-furnace gas into the carbonization furnace, a gas exhaust port for separately discharging the in-furnace gas in the carbonization furnace out of the furnace, and a furnace delivered from a gas outlet A gas inlet for delivering the internal gas into the carbonization furnace is provided, and
A gas delivery duct is connected to the gas delivery port and the gas delivery port, a gas introduction duct is connected to the gas introduction port, and a gas circulation path is formed by the gas delivery duct connected in communication for supplying combustion air. Supply duct is connected to the gas introduction port, a supply amount control mechanism for controlling the supply amount of combustion air is provided in the supply duct, and heating means for heating the inside of the gas introduction duct is provided beside the carbonization furnace. It is characterized by being done.

In the carbonization apparatus according to the fourth aspect, the "gas circulation duct" is formed by the "gas delivery duct" and the "gas introduction duct", while the carbonization apparatus according to the fifth aspect is the carbonization furnace. The "gas circulation duct" is formed only by the "gas delivery duct" connected to the "gas delivery port" and the "gas delivery port" provided in the, and the "gas introduction duct" is separately connected to the "gas introduction port". It is something. According to the carbonization apparatus of claim 5, the circulation of the in-furnace gas to the gas circulation path and the introduction of the combustion air or a part of the combustion gas by the introduction duct can be independently controlled. It is possible to smoothly shift the heating of the carbonaceous material to the self-combustion of the carbonaceous material.

A carbonization apparatus according to claim 6 is the carbonization apparatus according to claim 4 or 5, wherein a gas exhaust duct is connected to the gas exhaust port, and the heating means is connected to the gas exhaust duct. A chamber, the combustion chamber is provided with a burner for burning the in-furnace gas discharged from the carbonization furnace, an exhaust duct for exhausting combustion gas generated by combustion of the burner is connected to the combustion chamber, A gas intake duct connected to the supply duct for capturing a part of the combustion gas into the gas introduction duct is provided in the exhaust duct.

In the carbonization apparatus according to the sixth aspect of the present invention, after the pyrolytic gas is generated from the carbonaceous material, apart from the delivery of the in-furnace gas to the outside of the incinerator, the in-furnace gas is heated through a gas exhaust duct as a combustion chamber which is a heating means. The burned gas in the furnace is burned by a burner. Since the in-furnace gas combusted in the combustion chamber is a combustible gas, it is possible to obtain a combustion gas having a higher temperature than the combustion gas generated by the combustion of only the burner. The combustion gas generated by the combustion of the gas in the furnace heats the gas in the furnace sent from the carbonization furnace into the gas introduction duct. Then, the heated furnace gas is introduced into the carbonization furnace through the gas introduction duct. On the other hand, the gas generated by the combustion of the gas in the furnace is discharged from the exhaust duct, but when the carbonization of the carbonaceous material is started, it is replaced with combustion air and a part of the combustion gas is supplied to the carbonization furnace. At this time, the supply duct is cut off by the supply amount control mechanism so that the combustion air is not supplied from the supply duct, and the gas intake duct is put into the ventilation state so that the combustion gas is taken into the gas introduction duct. Part of the combustion gas is introduced from the exhaust duct into the carbonization furnace through the gas introduction duct. Since the combustion gas has a lower oxygen concentration than the combustion air introduced into the carbonization furnace, even if the combustion gas is introduced into the carbonization furnace, the self-combustion of the carbonaceous material is gradually started, and if the combustion gas is continuously introduced, The self-combustion of carbonaceous materials continues gradually.

According to the carbonizing apparatus of the sixth aspect, the following effects can be obtained. Burns the gas in the furnace discharged into the combustion chamber,
Since the furnace gas introduced into the carbonization furnace is heated by the combustion gas, the furnace gas can be efficiently heated and the generated thermal energy is not wasted. Further, it becomes possible to replace a part of the combustion gas with the combustion air and introduce it into the carbonization furnace. Since the combustion gas has a lower oxygen concentration than the combustion air introduced into the carbonization furnace, the combustion gas is converted into the combustion gas. Introduced into the above, the start and continuation of self-combustion of the carbonaceous material will be slowed down, and the ashing of the carbonaceous material due to excessive self-combustion can be further suppressed.

A carbonization apparatus according to a seventh aspect is the carbonization apparatus according to the sixth aspect, wherein the gas inlet is provided near a lower portion of the carbonization furnace and the gas outlet is provided near an upper portion of the carbonization furnace. At the same time, the gas discharge port is provided at a position higher than a gas supply port which is a connecting portion between the combustion chamber and the gas discharge duct.

In the carbonization apparatus according to the sixth aspect, when the carbonization or refining of the carbonaceous material is completed, the combustion chamber as a heating means is stopped and the carbonization furnace and the combustion chamber are cooled, but the combustion chamber is discharged from an exhaust duct or the like. The outside air flows in and is cooled relatively early, but it is not cooled early because there is carbonized carbonaceous material in the carbonization furnace. Therefore, the temperature in the combustion chamber becomes lower than the temperature in the carbonization furnace. In the carbonization apparatus according to claim 7, the gas inlet of the carbonization furnace is provided near the lower part of the carbonization furnace, the gas outlet of the carbonization furnace is provided near the upper part, and the position of the gas outlet of the carbonization furnace is further provided. However, since the gas is provided at a position higher than the connecting portion between the combustion chamber and the gas exhaust duct, the gas having a low temperature in the combustion chamber is not fed back from the gas exhaust duct to the carbonization furnace by convection. Therefore, the gas containing the outside air, that is, the gas containing oxygen, which flows from the exhaust duct, does not mix into the carbonization furnace.

According to the carbonizing apparatus of the seventh aspect, the following effects can be obtained. Oxygen does not flow into the carbonizing furnace that has finished the carbonization process and is being cooled. Therefore, it is possible to prevent ashing of the carbonaceous material that has undergone the carbonization process without providing an opening / closing means for blocking ventilation in the gas discharge duct. Therefore, the device can be simplified.

The carbonizing device according to claim 8 is the carbonization device according to claim 4,
In the carbonization apparatus according to 5, 6, or 7, a duct opening / closing means for opening or closing the gas circulation path is provided in the gas delivery duct.

In the carbonization apparatus according to the above-mentioned claim 4, 5, 6 or 7, when the carbonization apparatus is operated, the carbonaceous material is entirely heated by the in-furnace gas circulated in the gas circulation path. The carbonaceous material is entirely dried in an oxygen-free state. When the temperature in the carbonization furnace reaches the ignition point of the carbonaceous material or higher, the gas delivery duct is shut off by the duct opening / closing means to stop the circulation of the gas in the furnace, as in the carbonization apparatus according to claim 8. By operating the quantity control mechanism, the combustion air can be gradually introduced into the gas introduction duct. Therefore, the carbonizing apparatus according to the eighth aspect has the following effects. When heating the carbonaceous material in the carbonization furnace, the gas in the furnace can be circulated through the gas circulation path. And
When the temperature inside the carbonization furnace reaches or exceeds the ignition point of the carbonaceous material,
The gas circulation path can be cut off to stop the circulation of the gas in the furnace. Therefore, the transition from the carbonaceous material heating step in the oxygen-free state to the carbonization step of introducing the combustion air can be performed extremely smoothly and quickly. Further, it becomes easy to control the carbonization of the carbonaceous material in the carbonization furnace together with the heating control of the carbonaceous material.

A method for operating the carbonization apparatus according to a ninth aspect is the method for operating the carbonization apparatus according to the sixth aspect, wherein the indoor set temperature of the combustion chamber is preset in stages and the indoor set temperature is set to the indoor set temperature. After presetting the amount of introduction of combustion air according to the operation, the carbonization device is operated, the in-furnace gas is discharged from the carbonization furnace through the gas discharge duct into the combustion chamber, and the in-furnace gas is discharged into the combustion chamber. In the combustion chamber, the temperature inside the combustion chamber is measured, and the amount of the combustion air introduced is controlled based on the measured temperature inside the chamber.

In the method for operating the carbonizing apparatus according to claim 9,
The indoor set temperature of the combustion chamber is preset in stages, and the amount of combustion air introduced according to the indoor set temperature is preset. The in-furnace gas is circulated in the gas circulation path so that the in-furnace gas is sent from the carbonizing furnace to the outside of the furnace and the in-furnace gas is again introduced into the carbonizing furnace. The in-furnace gas that circulates is heated by a combustion chamber that is a heating means. In the initial stage, the combustion chamber that heats the circulating furnace gas is heated only by the combustion of the burner, but the heated furnace gas circulates to heat the carbonaceous material of the carbonization furnace, Combustible gas is released. The in-furnace gas containing the combustible gas is circulated through the gas circulation path, while part of the in-furnace gas is discharged into the combustion chamber through the gas discharge duct. The in-furnace gas discharged from the carbonization furnace into the combustion chamber through the gas discharge duct is burned by the burner in the combustion chamber while being supplied with air in the combustion chamber. The discharge amount of the in-furnace gas discharged from the carbonization furnace to the gas discharge duct increases or decreases according to the amount of combustion air introduced into the carbonization furnace, but since the in-furnace gas is burned in the combustion chamber, The room temperature of the in-furnace gas changes according to the amount of in-furnace gas discharged into the combustion chamber through the gas discharge duct. Therefore, since the indoor set temperature of the combustion chamber is set stepwise and the amount of combustion air introduced according to the indoor set temperature is set, the indoor temperature of the combustion chamber is measured and the measured indoor temperature is measured. The amount of combustion air introduced can be controlled in accordance with the above. And
By controlling the introduction amount of the combustion air in this way, the discharge amount of the in-furnace gas discharged from the carbonization furnace to the combustion chamber through the gas discharge duct is controlled, and the indoor set temperature is maintained in the combustion chamber. It is possible to burn the gas in the furnace in the combustion chamber.

Therefore, according to the operating method of the carbonization apparatus of the ninth aspect, the following effects can be obtained. Although the indoor temperature of the combustion chamber rises due to the increase in the amount of furnace gas discharged from the carbonization furnace to the combustion chamber, the amount of combustion air introduced according to the indoor set temperature of the combustion chamber is preset. Therefore, the appropriate amount of the combustion air introduced into the carbonization furnace can be controlled based on the measured temperature in the combustion chamber. That is, it is possible to grasp the discharge amount of the in-furnace gas generated from the carbonaceous material of the carbonization furnace by measuring the room temperature of the combustion chamber, but the carbonization of the carbonaceous material in the carbonization furnace is performed based on the discharge amount of the in-furnace gas. Can recognize the state of progress. Therefore, by grasping the temperature inside the combustion chamber, the carbonization of the carbonaceous material can be stably carried out without being affected by the arrangement of the carbonaceous material contained in the carbonization furnace. Further, since it is possible to control the introduction of an appropriate amount of combustion air according to the indoor set temperature of the combustion chamber, it is not necessary to rely on the judgment of a skilled worker. In addition, since the indoor temperature of the combustion chamber is measured and combustion air is introduced into the carbonization furnace based on the measured indoor temperature, even if the carbonaceous material is not in a constant state, the thermal decomposition characteristics of the carbonaceous material can be determined. It is possible to obtain an almost constant thermal decomposition rate in the carbonaceous material without grasping it, to prevent the carbonization of the carbonaceous material from rapidly progressing, and to suppress the ashing of the carbonaceous material. Further, since a constant indoor temperature can be maintained in the combustion chamber, the preset indoor temperature of the combustion chamber will not be exceeded. Therefore, in addition to being able to completely burn the gas in the furnace in the combustion chamber, if the room temperature is set to a low value within the range in which complete combustion of the gas in the furnace is possible, the size of the combustion chamber becomes smaller and the combustion chamber is configured. Since the material having low fire resistance is sufficient, the manufacturing cost can be reduced and the device can be downsized.

A method for operating the carbonization apparatus according to claim 10 is as follows:
The operating method of the carbonization device according to claim 6, wherein after presetting an indoor set temperature T1 of the combustion chamber and an indoor set temperature T2 higher than the indoor set temperature T1, the carbonization device is operated, By controlling the output of the burner so that the indoor temperature of the combustion chamber becomes the indoor set temperature T1, the carbonaceous material is heated in the carbonization furnace in a substantially oxygen-free state,
The burner output is increased when the amount of the in-furnace gas discharged from the inside of the carbonization furnace through the gas discharge duct to the combustion chamber is increased, and the indoor temperature of the combustion chamber exceeds the indoor set temperature T2. Is reduced, and the combustion air is introduced into the carbonization furnace.

In the operating method of the carbonizing apparatus according to the tenth aspect, the indoor set temperature T1 and the indoor set temperature T2 in the combustion chamber are preset, but the indoor set temperature T2 is higher than the indoor set temperature T1 (T2. > T1). next,
The carbonization device is operated, and the burner output is controlled so that the indoor temperature of the combustion chamber becomes the indoor set temperature T1. The carbonaceous material is heated in the carbonization furnace in a substantially oxygen-free state to increase the gas in the furnace discharged from the carbonization furnace to the combustion chamber through the gas discharge duct. When the indoor temperature of the combustion chamber exceeds the indoor set temperature T2, the burner output of the combustion chamber is reduced and the combustion air is introduced into the carbonization furnace. Here, the "indoor setting temperature T2" is the temperature of the combustion chamber at which the carbonaceous material in the carbonization furnace becomes the ignition point.

According to the method for operating the carbonizing apparatus of the tenth aspect, the following effects are exhibited. The indoor temperature of the combustion chamber was measured, and when the indoor temperature reached the indoor set temperature T2, the combustion air was introduced into the carbonization furnace. It is possible to intentionally start the self-combustion of the material, and it is not necessary to rely on the judgment of a skilled worker. Further, since the amount of combustion air introduced can be adjusted after the carbonization of the carbonaceous material, excessive self-combustion of the carbonaceous material can be suppressed and ashing of the carbonaceous material can be suppressed.

A method for operating the carbonization apparatus according to claim 11 is as follows:
The method for operating a carbonization apparatus according to claim 6, wherein after presetting an indoor setting temperature T0 and an indoor setting temperature T2 of the combustion chamber, the carbonization apparatus is operated to supply combustion air into the carbonization furnace. After the introduction, when the room temperature of the combustion chamber becomes lower than the room set temperature T0, the introduction of the combustion air is stopped, and the in-furnace gas is circulated through the gas circulation path, so that there is almost no Heating the carbonaceous material in oxygen state,
The amount of the in-furnace gas discharged from the inside of the carbonization furnace to the combustion chamber is increased, and when the indoor temperature of the combustion chamber exceeds the indoor set temperature T2, the output of the burner is reduced, and It is characterized in that combustion air is introduced into the carbonization furnace.

In the method for operating the carbonization apparatus according to the eleventh aspect, the indoor set temperature T0 and the indoor set temperature T in the combustion chamber are set.
After presetting 2, the carbonizer is operated. After the combustion air is introduced into the carbonization furnace, when the room temperature of the combustion chamber becomes lower than the indoor set temperature T0, the introduction of the combustion air is stopped and the furnace gas is circulated through the gas circulation path. . The circulating furnace gas heats the carbonaceous material in an almost oxygen-free state to increase the furnace gas discharged from the carbonization furnace to the combustion chamber. When the indoor temperature of the combustion chamber exceeds the indoor set temperature T2, the burner output of the combustion chamber is reduced and the combustion air is introduced into the carbonization furnace.

Therefore, according to the method for operating the carbonizing apparatus of the eleventh aspect, the following effects are exhibited. It is possible to reliably judge whether or not the self-combustion of the carbonaceous material is started by measuring the temperature inside the combustion chamber, and it is not necessary to rely on the judgment of a skilled worker.

A method of operating the carbonization apparatus according to claim 12 is as follows:
The method for operating a carbonization device according to claim 6, wherein the carbonization device is operated, and a part of the combustion gas in the combustion chamber is introduced into the carbonization furnace instead of the combustion air. .

In the method for operating the carbonization apparatus according to the twelfth aspect, the carbonization apparatus is operated and the carbonaceous material in the carbonization furnace is ignited to start carbonization. After the carbonization of the carbonaceous material is started, the introduction of the combustion air into the carbonization furnace is stopped, and a part of the combustion gas in the combustion chamber is replaced with the combustion air and introduced into the carbonization furnace. Combustion gas of the in-furnace gas combusted in the combustion chamber is introduced into the carbonization furnace through the gas circulation path, and the carbonaceous material in the carbonization furnace is exposed to the introduced combustion gas. Since the combustion gas introduced into the carbonization furnace has a smaller oxygen content than the combustion air, the self-combustion of the carbonaceous material becomes slow.

Therefore, according to the operating method of the carbonizing apparatus of the twelfth aspect, the following effects can be obtained. Combustion gas with a lower oxygen content compared to combustion air is introduced into the carbonization furnace, and the carbonaceous material in the carbonization furnace is exposed to the combustion gas, so that the self-combustion of the carbonaceous material slows It is possible to suppress self-combustion, and it is effective for suppressing ashing of carbonaceous material.

A method of operating the carbonization apparatus according to claim 13 is as follows:
The method for operating a carbonization apparatus according to claim 6, wherein after presetting a furnace internal temperature t in the carbonization furnace, the carbonization apparatus is operated, and combustion gas in the combustion chamber is used instead of combustion air. A part thereof is introduced into the carbonization furnace, and when the temperature inside the carbonization furnace exceeds the furnace internal temperature t, combustion air is introduced into the carbonization furnace instead of the combustion gas.

In the method for operating the carbonization apparatus according to the thirteenth aspect, the furnace set temperature t in the carbonization furnace is preset. The carbonization device is operated to ignite the carbonaceous material in the carbonization furnace to start carbonization. After the carbonization of the carbonaceous material is started, the introduction of the combustion air into the carbonization furnace is stopped, and a part of the combustion gas in the combustion chamber is replaced with the combustion air and introduced into the carbonization furnace. When the temperature inside the carbonization furnace exceeds the set temperature t inside the furnace, the combustion air is introduced into the carbonization furnace instead of the combustion gas.

According to the method for operating the carbonizing apparatus of the thirteenth aspect, the following effects can be obtained. Since the combustion air has a higher oxygen content than the combustion gas, the carbonization of the carbonaceous material can be intentionally accelerated by introducing the combustion air into the carbonization furnace after the start of carbonization. Further, in the refining process, the combustion of the carbide is promoted rather than the supply of the combustion gas, so that the temperature inside the furnace can be increased. Further, since the combustion gas introduced into the carbonization furnace is switched to the combustion air by measuring the temperature inside the furnace of the carbonization furnace and when the temperature inside the furnace exceeds the set temperature t inside the furnace, it is necessary for a skilled worker to do so. You don't have to rely on judgment.

[0050]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION A carbonization method, a carbonization apparatus, and a method for operating a carbonization apparatus according to embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The present invention is not limited to the following embodiments, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the invention. 1 is a front view showing the structure of a carbonization apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the control of the apparatus, and FIG. 3 is a flow chart showing the operating procedure of the carbonization apparatus according to the embodiment. FIG. 4 is a graph showing a process of carbonizing carbonaceous material by a carbonization device, and FIG. 5 is a carbonization device according to another embodiment. The carbonaceous material W in this embodiment is a miscellaneous tree obtained by disassembling a wooden pallet, a wooden frame, etc. used for packing and transporting industrial products. Therefore, the shape, weight and material of the carbonaceous material W are different for each carbonaceous material W, and the water content of each carbonaceous material W is not constant at about 10% to 30%. First, the carbonization device 10 according to the present embodiment will be described.
Basically, carbonization furnace 12, combustion chamber 48, gas introduction duct 3
0, gas delivery duct 34, supply duct 40, gas exhaust duct 46, exhaust duct 50, gas intake duct 60, control means 70 and the like.

(Regarding Carbonization Furnace 12) The carbonization apparatus 10 in this embodiment includes a carbonization furnace 12 capable of collectively carbonizing a large number of carbon materials W. Carbonization furnace 1
2 is a box type, which has an opening / closing door (not shown) for accommodating or taking out the carbonaceous material W on one side thereof, and the inner wall of the carbonization furnace 12 is a refractory insulating material such as heat insulating brick or ceramic fiber. It is made of wood. The carbonization furnace 12 of this embodiment has a volume of about 1.5 cubic meters.
On one side of the carbonization furnace 12, temperature sensors 14, 16, 18, 20, 2 for measuring the temperature inside the carbonization furnace 12
2 are arranged vertically. The carbon material W stored in the carbonization furnace 12 is loaded in advance in the carbon material basket 24, and the carbon material basket 24 loaded with the carbon material W is stored in the carbonization furnace 12. A pedestal 26 on which the carbon material basket 24 is placed is provided inside the carbonization furnace 12. The carbon material basket 24 is for easily storing or taking out the carbon material W in the carbonization furnace 12. In this embodiment, the carbon material basket 24 is a net basket made of stainless steel, and has a structure that ensures sufficient air permeability. ing. The volume of the carbon material basket of this embodiment is about 0.85 cubic meters, and the carbon material is about 170 k.
g can be accommodated.

(Gas introduction duct 30, gas delivery duct 3
(4) A gas introduction port 28 is provided near the bottom below the carbonization furnace 12, and one end of a gas introduction duct 30 is connected to the gas introduction port 28. The gas inlet port 28 is used for introducing the in-furnace gas, combustion air or combustion gas, which will be described later, into the carbonization furnace
It is intended to be introduced in 2. On the other hand, a gas delivery port 32 for delivering the in-furnace gas is provided near the ceiling above the carbonization furnace 12, and one end of a gas delivery duct 34 is connected to the gas delivery port 32. Then, the other end of the gas delivery duct 34 is connected to the gas introduction duct 30 to form a gas circulation path for the in-furnace gas. The gas delivery duct 34 constituting the gas circulation path is provided with a delivery fan 36 for delivering the delivered in-furnace gas toward the gas introduction duct 30 side, and brings the gas circulation path into a vented state or a blocked state. A duct opening / closing means 38 is provided between the delivery fan 36 and the gas delivery port 32. Therefore, by operating the delivery fan 36, the in-furnace gas in the carbonization furnace 12 is delivered from the gas delivery port 32, and the gas introduction duct 3
0 can be reintroduced into the carbonization furnace 12 via a gas circulation path consisting of 0 and the gas delivery duct 34, and the circulation of the furnace gas can be interrupted by the duct opening / closing means 38. Has been planned. Further, since the gas inlet port 28 is provided below the carbonization furnace 12 and the gas outlet port 32 is provided above the carbonization furnace, the in-furnace gas heated through the gas circulation path is delivered from the gas inlet port 28. Exit 32
It is possible to heat the entire carbonaceous material almost uniformly while convection to.

(Regarding Supply Duct 40) Further, a supply duct 40 for supplying combustion air is connected to the other end of the gas introduction duct 30, and the combustion air from the supply duct 40 is introduced into the gas introduction duct. Carbonization furnace 12 through 30
Can be introduced to. Further, the supply duct 40 is provided with a supply amount control mechanism 42 for controlling the supply amount of the combustion air, and the supply amount control mechanism 42.
By controlling the above, the amount of combustion air introduced into the carbonization furnace 12 through the gas introduction duct 30 can be controlled.

(Regarding the gas exhaust duct 50) On the other hand, a gas exhaust port 44 provided separately from the gas delivery port 32 is provided near the ceiling above the carbonization furnace 12, and the gas exhaust port 44 is provided.
One end of the gas exhaust duct 46 is connected to the. The discharge port 44 is provided at a position higher than the gas supply port 47 described later. The gas discharge port 46 is for discharging a part of the furnace gas in the carbonization furnace 12.
The other end of the gas discharge duct 46 is connected to the gas supply port 47 of the combustion chamber 48 for burning the discharged furnace gas. The gas supply port 47 is provided in the carbonization furnace 12
It is provided at a position lower than the gas discharge port 44 of. Further, one end of an exhaust duct 50 for exhausting the burned combustion gas is connected to the combustion chamber 48. Therefore, the in-furnace gas in the carbonization furnace 12 is introduced from the upper part to the lower part of the carbonization furnace 12 through the gas discharge duct 46 and is introduced into the combustion chamber 48 from the gas supply port 47 in the lower part of the carbonization furnace 12. Since the gas discharge duct 46 is not provided with a means for blocking ventilation, a part of the gas discharge duct 46 extending from the gas discharge port 44 to the lower part of the carbonization furnace 12 in the cooling process of the carbonaceous material after the carbonization process. It is advisable not to cool them. Therefore, in this embodiment, the gas discharge duct 46 extending from the gas discharge port 44 to the lower portion of the carbonization furnace 12 is used.
A part of the gas discharge duct 46 is provided so as not to be rapidly cooled by the preheating of the carbonization furnace. In addition, from the gas discharge port 44 to the carbonization furnace 1
Regarding a part of the gas discharge duct 46 that goes to the lower part of 2,
The shape is not particularly limited as long as it is a means for preventing the rapid cooling.

(Regarding Combustion Chamber 48) The combustion chamber 48 will be described. In this embodiment, the combustion chamber 48, which is a heating means, is provided so that the inside of the gas introduction duct 30 forming the gas circulation path can be heated. It is provided so as to cover a part of the gas introduction duct 30. The volume of the combustion chamber 48 of this embodiment is about 0.85 cubic meters.
Further, the combustion chamber 48 is provided with two burners 52 and 54 that use kerosene as fuel, and the inside of the gas introduction duct 30 can be heated by the operation of the burners 52 and 54. The in-furnace gas discharged into the combustion chamber 48 through the exhaust duct 46 can be completely burned. The reason for using two burners 52 and 54 is to adjust the burner output in two stages depending on the number of burners, and only one burner may be used as long as it is a variable output burner. Further, each of the burners 52 and 54 is provided with a ventilation passage (not shown) for supplying air necessary for burning the burner. Further, the combustion chamber 48 is provided with a temperature sensor 56 for measuring the temperature inside the combustion chamber 48. Further, there is provided an air supply fan 58 for sending air into the combustion chamber 48 in accordance with the amount of discharged gas in the furnace when the gas in the furnace is discharged into the combustion chamber 48. Here, the gas supply port 47, which is the other end of the gas discharge duct 46 connected to the combustion chamber 48, is provided at a position lower than the position of the gas discharge port 44 of the carbonization furnace 12, as described above. There is. Therefore, during cooling after the carbonization of the carbonaceous material W, the outside air from the exhaust duct 50 and the air supply fan 58, which will be described later, is sent to the combustion chamber 48, and even if the combustion chamber 48 is rapidly cooled, the combustion chamber 48 is cooled. It is not necessary to provide duct opening / closing means or the like in the gas discharge duct 46 so that the cooled gas therein is not sent back to the carbonization furnace 12. On the other hand, if the duct opening / closing means is provided, the position of the gas supply port 47 is not particularly limited.

(Exhaust Duct 50, Gas Intake Duct 60) In the vicinity of the other end of the exhaust duct 50 connected to the combustion chamber 48, a part of the exhausted combustion gas is replaced with combustion air to supply the duct 40. One end of a gas intake duct 60 for taking in gas is connected to the gas intake duct 6
The other end of 0 is connected to the supply duct 40. Further, the gas intake duct 60 has an intake fan 62 so that the combustion gas from the exhaust duct 50 can be smoothly taken into the supply duct 40.
Is provided. Further, the gas intake duct 60 is provided with an intake amount control mechanism 64 for controlling the intake amount of the combustion gas into the supply duct 40. Therefore, the introduction amount control mechanism 64 can control the introduction amount of the combustion gas introduced into the carbonization furnace 12 through the supply duct 40 and the gas introduction duct 30. Further, the exhaust duct 50 is provided with an ejector nozzle 68 connected to an exhaust fan 66 to maintain the inside of the carbonization furnace 12 and the inside of the combustion chamber 48 at atmospheric pressure or less,
It is designed so that combustion air can be naturally aspirated from the supply duct 40. Therefore, when the air is sent from the exhaust fan 66 connected to the ejector nozzle 68, it is possible to prevent the internal pressures of the carbonization furnace 12, the combustion chamber 48 and the gas circulation passage from rising.

(Regarding the control means 70) In the carbonization apparatus 10 of this embodiment, the carbonization apparatus 1 as shown in FIG.
The control means 70 which controls each apparatus of 0 is provided.
The control means includes a first controller 72, a second controller 74, a third controller 76, a fourth controller 78, and a fifth controller 79, and these controllers 72, 74, 76, 78,
The reference numeral 79 indicates that each set temperature can be set. The first controller 72 is for controlling the delivery fan 36 provided in the gas delivery duct 34, is preset in the furnace set temperature t0 of the carbonization furnace 12, and is provided in the carbonization furnace 12. The output of the delivery fan 36 is controlled based on the temperature inside the furnace measured by the temperature sensor 22. The second controller 74 is for controlling the duct opening / closing means 38 provided in the gas delivery duct 34, and is set to the indoor set temperature T of the combustion chamber 48.
0, T1, and T2 are set in advance, and the duct opening / closing means 38 is controlled to be in a venting state or a blocking state based on the indoor temperature measured by the temperature sensor 56 provided in the combustion chamber 48. The third controller 76 is for controlling the burners 52, 54 of the combustion chamber 48, and
The preset room temperature T0, T1, T2 of
The outputs of the burners 52 and 54 are controlled based on the room temperature measured by the temperature sensor 56 provided in the combustion chamber 48. The fourth controller 78 controls the combustion air supply amount control mechanism 42 and the combustion gas intake amount control mechanism 64, and sets the indoor set temperatures T0, T of the combustion chamber 48.
1 and T2 are set in advance, and the operation of the supply amount control mechanism 42 and the intake amount control mechanism 64 is controlled based on the room temperature measured by the temperature sensor 56 provided in the combustion chamber 48. The fifth controller 79 includes a combustion air supply amount control mechanism 42 and a combustion gas intake amount control mechanism 6.
4, which controls the intake fan 62, and the carbonization furnace 1
2, the preset temperature t1, t2 in the furnace is set in advance, and based on the furnace temperature measured by the temperature sensor 14 of the carbonization furnace 12 after the carbonization of the carbonaceous material is started, the supply amount control mechanism 4
2. The operation of the intake fan 62 and the intake amount control mechanism 64 is controlled.

As described above, the carbonization apparatus 1 of this embodiment
At 0, the in-furnace gas in the carbonization furnace 12 can be sent from the carbonization furnace 12 to the gas circulation path and circulated again to the carbonization furnace 12 through the gas circulation path. Further, since the gas inlet port 28 is provided near the bottom of the carbonization furnace 12 and the gas outlet port 32 is provided near the ceiling of the carbonization furnace 12, the furnace gas introduced into the carbonization furnace 12 for combustion The air or combustion gas moves from the bottom of the carbonization furnace 12 near the bottom to the vicinity of the ceiling above the carbonization furnace 12 with convection, and spreads over the entire carbonaceous material W in the carbonization furnace 12. There is. Furthermore, the gas introduction duct 30 of the gas circulation path
Since the combustion chamber 48, which is a heating means, is provided in the furnace, it is possible to heat the furnace gas, the combustion air, or the combustion gas that passes through the gas introduction duct 30.

Next, a method of carbonizing the carbonaceous material W by the carbonization device 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention and a method of operating the carbonization device 10 will be described. First, the carbonaceous material W is housed in the carbonaceous material basket 24 outside the carbonization furnace 12. Then, the carbonization furnace 12
Open the door and open the charcoal basket 24 containing the charcoal W in the carbonization furnace 12
The carbonization furnace 12 is placed on the pedestal 26 inside and the opening / closing door is closed to make the inside of the carbonization furnace 12 almost sealed. Carbonization furnace 1 to be set in advance
The furnace set temperature t0 of No. 2 is set in the first controller 72, and the room set temperatures T0, T of the combustion chamber 48 to be set are set.
1 and T2 are set in the second controller 74, the third controller 76, and the fourth controller 78, and the in-furnace set temperatures t1 and t2 of the carbonization furnace 12 to be set are set in the fifth controller 79. deep. In this embodiment, specifically, the indoor set temperature T1 of the combustion chamber at the start of heating the carbonaceous material W is 800 ° C. and the indoor set temperature T2 of the combustion chamber 48 at the start of self-combustion of the carbonaceous material W and at the time of continuous self-combustion. 81
0 ° C., the furnace set temperature t0 in the carbonization furnace 12 is 300 ° C., the indoor set temperature T0 of the combustion chamber 48 in the case of heating the carbonaceous material W in the anoxic state after the self-combustion start operation is 805 ° C.
The in-furnace set temperature t1 of the carbonization furnace 12 when the combustion gas to be introduced into No. 2 is replaced with combustion air is set to 400 ° C, and the in-furnace set temperature t2 of the carbonization furnace 12 at the end of the refining process is set to 700 ° C. After the operation of the carbonization device 10, the temperature sensor 22 measures whether the actual furnace temperature is the furnace set temperature t0, and the temperature sensor 14 measures whether the actual furnace temperature is the furnace set temperature t1 or t2. I am supposed to.

Next, by operating the exhaust fan 66, an air flow is generated from the ejector nozzle 68, and the inside of the carbonization furnace 12 is decompressed through the exhaust duct 50, the combustion chamber 48, and the gas exhaust duct 46, and the combustion chamber 48 is discharged. Burners 52, 54
To burn. In advance, set the room temperature to the room set temperature T
1 and the third controller 76, the combustion chamber 4
The burners 52 and 54 are operated so that the temperature inside the room 8 becomes the indoor set temperature T1 (800 ° C.).

Next, the duct opening / closing means 38 provided in the gas delivery duct 34 of the gas circulation path is operated in a ventilated state, and the delivery fan 36 is operated. At this time, the supply amount control mechanism 42 of the combustion air supply duct 40 is in a shut-off state so that the combustion air is not supplied to the supply duct 40. Further, the intake amount control mechanism 64 of the gas intake duct 60 is also shut off. In this state,
The in-furnace gas in the carbonization furnace 12 is delivered from the gas delivery port 32 to the gas delivery duct 34, guided from the gas delivery duct 34 to the gas introduction duct 30, and provided so as to partially cover the gas introduction duct 30. It is heated by the combustion chamber 48. Then, the furnace gas heated by the combustion chamber 48 is introduced from the gas introduction duct 30 to the gas introduction port 28, and the carbonization furnace 1
Return to 2.

Since the in-furnace gas returned to the carbonization furnace 12 is heated, the carbonaceous material W in the carbonization furnace 12 is entirely heated, and the temperature of the carbonaceous material W gradually rises due to the heating. . In this way, the temperature of the carbonaceous material W is increased by continuously repeating the circulation of the gas in the furnace, and the temperature in the carbonization furnace 12 is gradually increased. The in-furnace set temperature t0 set in advance by the first controller 72 of the control means 70 is set to the carbonaceous material W.
If the temperature inside the furnace is higher than the ignition point of
6 operates to keep the temperature inside the furnace near the temperature sensor 22 of the carbonization furnace 12 at the furnace set temperature t0 (300 ° C.). Then, when the water content starts to evaporate from the heated carbonaceous material W, the excess amount of the in-furnace gas is guided downward from the upper gas exhaust port 44 in the carbonization furnace 12 through the gas exhaust duct 46 to the combustion chamber 48. . At this time, the gas discharge duct 46
Since the in-furnace gas discharged from the combustion chamber 48 is air and water vapor, it is heated by the burners 52 and 54 and discharged into the atmosphere through the exhaust duct 50. Eventually, carbonization furnace 12
The inside is in an anoxic state of almost only superheated steam, and the drying of the carbonaceous material W proceeds in the anoxic state.

When the carbonaceous material W is dried and continuously heated in an almost oxygen-free state, a thermally decomposable gas starts to be generated from the carbonaceous material W, and the surplus gas in the furnace is located above the carbonization furnace 12. Is discharged into the combustion chamber 48 through the gas discharge duct 46, the in-furnace gas is burned in the combustion chamber 48, and the burned in-furnace gas is discharged into the atmosphere from the exhaust duct 50 as combustion gas. When the amount of thermally decomposable gas generated from the carbonaceous material W increases due to heating, the temperature inside the combustion chamber 48 rises to the indoor set temperature T2 (810 ° C.).

The room temperature of the combustion chamber 48 is the room set temperature T2.
When the temperature reaches (810 ° C.), the second controller 7 of the control means 70 is reached.
4 operates the duct opening / closing means 38, and the gas delivery duct 3
4 is cut off, the circulation of the in-furnace gas through the gas circulation path is stopped, and the third controller 76 stops the combustion of the burner 54. At this time, the sending fan 36 is stopped and the intake fan 62 is operated. together,
The fourth controller 78 operates the intake amount control mechanism 64,
Part of the combustion gas in the exhaust duct 50 is taken in by the gas intake duct 6
0 to supply duct 40, gas introduction duct 30
The combustion gas is introduced into the carbonization furnace 12 through. Then, the self-combustion of the carbon material W in the carbonization furnace 12 is started, and the amount of the thermally decomposable gas generated from the carbon material W increases.

When the self-combustion of the carbonaceous material W does not continue after introducing a part of the combustion gas into the carbonizing furnace 12, the carbonaceous material W
Since the amount of gas generated from the combustion chamber does not increase, the room temperature of the combustion chamber 48 in which only the burner 52 operates decreases to the room set temperature T0 (805 ° C.). When the indoor temperature of the combustion chamber 48 falls below the indoor set temperature T0 (805 ° C.), the duct opening / closing means 38 in the gas delivery duct 34 of the gas circulation path is opened again to the ventilated state, and the delivery fan 36 is operated. At the same time, the combustion of the burner 54 is restarted. At this time,
The intake fan 62 of the gas intake duct 60 is stopped so that the supply amount control mechanism 42 cannot supply the combustion air and the intake amount control mechanism 64 cannot take in the combustion gas. When the carbonaceous material W is heated in the carbonization furnace 12 in a substantially oxygen-free state and the room temperature of the combustion chamber 48 exceeds the indoor set temperature T2 (810 ° C.), the combustion gas is supplied to the carbonization furnace as described above. Introduce to 12.

When the self-combustion of the carbonaceous material W is started, the fourth temperature sensor 56 of the combustion chamber 48 is previously input.
Since the indoor set temperature T2 (810 ° C.) is set in the controller 78, the indoor temperature in the combustion chamber 48 is the indoor set temperature T.
The intake amount control mechanism 64 is operated so as to be 2 (810 ° C.), and the amount of combustion gas introduced into the carbonization furnace 12 is controlled.
Due to self-combustion, a pyrolytic gas corresponding to the self-combustion state is generated from the carbon material W, and the temperature of the carbon material W gradually rises.

Then, the carbonization furnace 12 by the temperature sensor 14 is used.
When the temperature inside the furnace reaches the set temperature t1 (400 ° C.) inside the furnace, the intake fan 62 is stopped by the fifth control mechanism 79, the intake amount control mechanism 64 is closed, and the supply amount control mechanism 42 is operated. . Then, the supply duct 40 and the gas introduction duct 30 are depressurized to the atmospheric pressure or lower by the action of the ejector nozzle 68, so that the combustion air is heated in the combustion chamber 48 through the supply duct 40 and the gas introduction duct 30, and the carbonization furnace is heated. Introduced in 12. The oxygen content introduced into the carbonization furnace 12 is increased by the introduction of the combustion air, the self-combustion of the carbonaceous material W is further promoted, and the carbonaceous material W becomes almost a carbide. The furnace set temperature t1 (400 ° C.) can be set to a temperature at which the main thermal decomposition of the carbonaceous material W is almost completed, for example. Further, when the self-combustion of the carbonaceous material W is continued, the amount of gas generated from the carbonaceous material W gradually decreases, and the indoor set temperature T in the combustion chamber 48 is decreased.
In order to maintain 2 (810 ° C.), the amount of combustion air introduced into the carbonization furnace 12 is gradually increased to promote the exothermic reaction due to self-combustion, and the rate of temperature rise in the carbonaceous material W and the carbonization furnace 12 is Gradually get faster.

When the thermal decomposition of the carbonaceous material W is almost completed, the carbonaceous material W is
Is in a substantially carbonized state, and if the introduction of the combustion air is continued, the process automatically moves to the refining process, and the temperature of the carbonized carbonaceous material W and the carbonization furnace 12 rises further. When the temperature in the carbonization furnace 12 reaches the furnace set temperature t2 (700 ° C.) which is a temperature sufficient for refining the carbonized carbonaceous material W, and when the refining of the carbonaceous material W is completed through the refining process, the supply amount control mechanism 42 is closed, the burner 52 is stopped, and it shifts to a cooling process.

Here, the blower fan 58 is operated to ventilate the cooling air into the combustion chamber 48 to forcibly cool the combustion chamber 48. On the other hand, the carbonization furnace 12 is naturally cooled. At this time, the upper side of the carbonization furnace 12 and the lower side of the combustion chamber 48 are communicated with each other via the gas discharge duct 46, but the gas below the inside of the combustion chamber 48 that has been forcibly cooled is
Since it is located at the lower level of the above, a state in which convective mixing with the in-furnace gas in the high temperature carbonization furnace 1 existing above the gas discharge duct 46 is unlikely to occur is formed. Therefore, even if the gas discharge duct 46 is in a ventilated state, the cooled gas in the combustion chamber 48 having a high oxygen content is not sent back into the carbonization furnace 12, and the carbonized carbonaceous material in the carbonization furnace 12 is prevented. W is not burned to be incinerated. After the carbonization furnace 12 is sufficiently cooled, the opening / closing door of the carbonization furnace 1 is opened and the carbon material basket 24 is taken out to obtain carbonized carbon material W. The flow chart shown in FIG. 3 shows the outline of the operating procedure of the carbonization device.

FIG. 4 shows a carbonization furnace 1 according to this embodiment.
It is the result of recording the furnace temperature of No. 2 and the room temperature of the combustion chamber 48 over time. The furnace temperature of the carbonization furnace 12 is shown in FIGS.
As shown in FIG. 5, five locations were measured along the vertical direction of the carbonization furnace 12. As a result, the temperature of the combustion chamber 48 rises from 770 ° C to 8 ° C.
It was in the range of 40 ° C., and an excessive combustion load was not generated. Further, the coal collection rate by the carbonization device 10 is 2
6.5% (weight of carbide / weight of carbonaceous material × 100%),
Coal rate of conventional general self-combustion carbonizer 20 to 25
The result was more than%.

Next, a carbonization device according to another embodiment will be described. As shown in FIG. 5, the carbonization device 80 of this embodiment includes a carbonization furnace 82 and a combustion chamber 122 of the same type as the carbonization device 10 according to the previous embodiment.
The carbonization furnace 82 has temperature sensors 84, 86, 88, 90, 9
2 and the pedestal 96 are provided so that the carbon material basket 94 can be accommodated. The gas delivery duct 10 is provided at the gas delivery port 102 provided near the ceiling of the carbonization furnace 82.
4, one end of the gas delivery duct 104 is connected, and the other end of the gas delivery duct 104 is connected to a gas delivery port 106 provided near the bottom of the carbonization furnace 82. The gas delivery duct 104 has a duct opening / closing means 110.
And a delivery fan 108 are provided. On the other hand, apart from the gas inlet 106, a gas inlet 112 is provided near the bottom of the carbonization furnace 82, and the gas inlet 112 is connected to the gas inlet 112.
00 is connected to one end, and the other end of the gas introduction duct 100 is connected to the combustion air supply duct 114. Further, the supply duct 114 is provided with a supply amount control mechanism 116 as in the previous embodiment. Therefore, the gas delivery duct 104 and the gas introduction duct 100 are independent of each other, and the gas delivery duct 104 forms a closed gas circulation path.

On the other hand, in the vicinity of the ceiling of the carbonization furnace 82, as in the previous embodiment, the gas outlet 1 is provided separately from the gas outlet 102.
18 is provided, one end of the gas exhaust duct 120 is connected to the gas exhaust port 118, and the other end of the gas exhaust duct 120 is connected to the gas supply port 123 below the combustion chamber 122. The gas outlet 118 is the gas supply port 1
It is provided at a position higher than 23. Combustion chamber 122
Is provided with two burners 126 and 128, and is designed so that combustion of the burners 126 and 128 can heat a part of the gas delivery duct 104 and the gas introduction duct 100, respectively. Further, the temperature sensor 130 for measuring the room temperature and the air supply fan 132 for sending air to the combustion chamber 122 are provided in the combustion chamber 1 as in the previous embodiment.
22. One end of an exhaust duct 124 is connected to the upper portion of the combustion chamber 122, and the combustion gas obtained by burning the in-furnace gas in the combustion chamber 122 is exhausted from the other end of the exhaust duct 124. The exhaust duct 12
The exhaust fan 140 and the ejector nozzle 142 provided in No. 4 have the same structure as in the previous embodiment.
The exhaust duct 124 supplies a part of the combustion gas to the duct 1.
14 is connected to one end of the gas intake duct 134, and the other end of the gas intake duct 134 is connected to the supply duct 11.
4 is connected. The intake fan 136 and the intake amount control mechanism 138 are provided in the gas intake duct 134.

Although not shown, the control means includes a first controller, a second controller, a third controller, a fourth controller and a fifth controller, which are the same as those in the previous embodiment. It has a function. Although a part of the gas introducing duct 100 is heated by the combustion chamber 122, the gas introducing duct may not be heated. in this way,
In this embodiment, the gas circulation path is the gas delivery duct 10
Since it is formed only by 4, the circulation of the gas in the furnace is performed through the gas delivery duct 104. On the other hand, a part of the combustion air and the combustion gas is introduced into the carbonization furnace 82 through a gas introduction duct 100 provided independently of the gas circulation path.

Therefore, since the furnace gas introduced into the carbonization furnace 82 and the combustion air can be switched smoothly and quickly, the heating process and the carbonization process of the carbonaceous material W can also be carried out smoothly and promptly. This is more effective in preventing ashing of the carbonaceous material W and reducing heat loss.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing a structure of a carbonization device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a control system of the device.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a procedure of operating the same device.

FIG. 4 is a graph showing a process of carbonizing a carbonaceous material by the apparatus.

FIG. 5 is a front view showing the structure of a carbonization device according to another embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

10 Carbonization equipment 12 carbonization furnace 14 Temperature sensor (for measuring furnace temperature) 16 Temperature sensor (for measuring furnace temperature) 18 Temperature sensor (for measuring furnace temperature) 20 Temperature sensor (for measuring furnace temperature) 22 Temperature sensor (for measuring furnace temperature) 24 charcoal basket 26 cradle 28 Gas inlet 30 gas introduction duct 32 gas outlet 34 Gas delivery duct 36 Delivery fan 38 Duct opening / closing means 40 supply duct 42 Supply control mechanism 44 Gas outlet 46 gas exhaust duct 47 gas supply port 48 Combustion chamber 50 exhaust duct 52 burners 54 burners 56 Temperature sensor (for indoor temperature measurement) 58 Air supply fan 60 gas intake duct 62 Intake fan 64 Uptake amount control mechanism 66 Exhaust fan 68 ejector nozzle 70 Control means 72 First controller 74 Second controller 76 Third controller 78 Fourth controller 79 fifth controller 80 carbonization equipment 82 carbonization furnace 84 Temperature sensor 86 Temperature sensor 88 Temperature sensor 90 Temperature sensor 92 Temperature sensor 94 charcoal basket 96 pedestal 100 gas introduction duct 102 gas outlet 104 gas delivery duct 106 gas inlet 108 Delivery fan 110 Duct opening / closing means 112 gas inlet 114 supply duct 116 Supply amount control mechanism 118 gas outlet 120 gas exhaust duct 122 Combustion chamber 123 Gas supply port 124 Exhaust duct 126 burners 128 burners 130 temperature sensor 132 Air supply fan 134 Gas intake duct 136 Intake fan 138 Uptake amount control mechanism 140 exhaust fan 142 ejector nozzle

Claims (13)

[Claims] 1. A carbonization method for self-combusting a heated carbonaceous material for carbonization, wherein the furnace gas of a carbonization furnace is sent to the outside of the carbonization furnace, and the furnace gas that is sent to the outside of the carbonization furnace is discharged. After heating, introducing the heated furnace gas into the carbonization furnace,
Heating the carbonaceous material in the carbonization furnace by the introduced gas in the furnace to heat the carbonaceous material in a substantially oxygen-free state in the carbonization furnace, and the temperature of the carbonaceous material is the carbonaceous material. When the temperature is equal to or higher than the ignition point of, the combustion air is introduced into the carbonization furnace, and a carbonization step of introducing the combustion air to cause the carbonaceous material to self-combust in the carbonization furnace for carbonization is included. Carbonization method. 2. A part of the gas in the furnace is separately burned outside the furnace, and the combustion gas generated by the combustion of the gas in the furnace is used as a heat source for heating the gas in the furnace outside the furnace. The carbonization method according to claim 1, wherein 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein a part of the gas in the furnace is separately burned outside the furnace, and a part of the combustion gas is introduced into the carbonization furnace instead of the combustion air. Item 2. The carbonization method according to Item 2. 4. A carbonization furnace for containing carbonaceous material is provided, and in the carbonization furnace, a gas outlet for discharging the gas inside the carbonization furnace to the outside of the carbonization furnace and the gas inside the furnace are provided. A gas inlet for introducing into the carbonization furnace and a gas outlet for separately discharging the in-furnace gas inside the carbonization furnace are provided, and a gas delivery duct is connected to the gas outlet. A gas introduction duct is connected to the gas introduction port, a gas circulation path is formed by the gas delivery duct and the gas introduction duct that are connected in communication, and a supply duct for supplying combustion air is the gas introduction duct. A supply amount control mechanism for controlling the supply amount of combustion air is provided in the supply duct, and heating means for heating the inside of the gas introduction duct is provided beside the carbonization furnace. apparatus. 5. A carbonization furnace for containing carbonaceous material is provided, and a gas delivery port for delivering the gas inside the carbonization furnace to the outside of the carbonization furnace, and the gas inside the furnace are provided in the carbonization furnace. A gas inlet for introducing the carbonization furnace, a gas outlet for separately discharging the furnace gas in the carbonization furnace to the outside of the furnace, and a furnace gas sent from a gas outlet in the carbonization furnace And a gas delivery duct connected to the gas delivery port, a gas delivery duct connected to the gas delivery port, and the gas delivery port connected to the gas delivery port. A gas circulation path is formed by the duct, a supply duct for supplying combustion air is connected to the gas inlet, and a supply amount control mechanism for controlling the supply amount of combustion air is provided in the supply duct. A heating means for heating the inside of the introduction duct is provided beside the carbonization furnace. A carbonization device characterized in that 6. The carbonization apparatus according to claim 4 or 5, wherein a gas exhaust duct is connected to the gas exhaust port, and the heating means is a combustion chamber connected to the gas exhaust duct. A burner for burning the gas in the furnace discharged from the carbonization furnace is provided in the chamber, and an exhaust duct for exhausting combustion gas generated by combustion of the burner is connected to the combustion chamber, and a part of the combustion gas is discharged. A carbonization device, wherein a gas intake duct connected to the supply duct for being taken into the gas introduction duct is provided in the exhaust duct. 7. The carbonization apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the gas inlet is provided near a lower portion of the carbonization furnace, the gas outlet is provided near an upper portion of the carbonization furnace, and the gas outlet is provided. A carbonization device provided at a position higher than a gas supply port which is a connecting portion between the combustion chamber and the gas discharge duct. 8. The carbonization apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the gas delivery duct is provided with a duct opening / closing means for opening or closing the gas circulation path. 9. The method of operating a carbonization apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the preset temperature of the inside of the combustion chamber is preset in stages, and the amount of combustion air introduced according to the preset temperature of the chamber is preset. After setting, the carbonization device is operated, the in-furnace gas is discharged from the carbonization furnace to the combustion chamber through the gas discharge duct, the in-furnace gas is burned in the combustion chamber, and the room temperature in the combustion chamber is set. Is measured, and the introduction amount of the combustion air is controlled based on the measured indoor temperature. 10. The method for operating a carbonization apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the indoor set temperature T1 of the combustion chamber and an indoor set temperature T2 higher than the indoor set temperature T1 are preset, and then the carbonization is performed. The apparatus is operated, the output of the burner is controlled so that the indoor temperature of the combustion chamber becomes the indoor set temperature T1, the carbonaceous material is heated in the carbonization furnace in a substantially oxygen-free state, and the inside of the carbonization furnace is heated. Increase the discharge amount of the in-furnace gas discharged from the above through the gas discharge duct to the combustion chamber, and decrease the output of the burner when the room temperature of the combustion chamber exceeds the room set temperature T2. A method for operating a carbonization apparatus, wherein the combustion air is introduced into the carbonization furnace. 11. The method for operating a carbonization apparatus according to claim 6, wherein after presetting an indoor set temperature T0 and an indoor set temperature T2 of the combustion chamber, the carbonization apparatus is operated to operate in the carbonization furnace. After the combustion air is introduced into the combustion chamber, when the room temperature of the combustion chamber becomes lower than the indoor set temperature T0, the introduction of the combustion air is stopped and the in-furnace gas is passed through the gas circulation path. The carbonaceous material is circulated and heated in an almost oxygen-free state to increase the discharge amount of the in-furnace gas discharged from the carbonization furnace to the combustion chamber, and the room temperature of the combustion chamber is set to the room set temperature T2. When the temperature exceeds the value, the output of the burner is reduced and the combustion air is introduced into the carbonization furnace. 12. The method for operating a carbonization device according to claim 6, wherein the carbonization device is operated, and a part of the combustion gas in the combustion chamber is introduced into the carbonization furnace instead of the combustion air. A method of operating a carbonization device, which is characterized in that 13. The method for operating a carbonization apparatus according to claim 6, wherein after the preset temperature t in the carbonization furnace is preset, the carbonization apparatus is operated to perform the combustion instead of the combustion air. Introducing a part of the combustion gas in the chamber to the carbonization furnace, and introducing the combustion air into the carbonization furnace in place of the combustion gas when the temperature in the carbonization furnace exceeds the furnace set temperature t. And a method for operating a carbonization device.