JP2003055071A - Mixed granular fertilizer - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a mixed granular fertilizer of which the agricultural medi cine effect appears even to a certain kind of organisms having the high thresh old of cyanamide sensitivity while maintaining the longer period of a fertilizer effect. SOLUTION: This mixed granular fertilizer consists of a mixture containing reformed lime nitrogen pellets and granular lime nitrogen. The reformed lime nitrogen pellets consist of the pellets of 1 to 10 mm in average grain size containing reforming agents of lime nitrogen and at least one or >=2 selected from an oxycarboxylic acid or its salt, ketocarboxylic acid or its salt, lignin sulfonic acid or its salt, saccharides, waste molasses, corn syrup, and pulp waste liquor and water repellent materials of one or >=2 selected from a silane coupling agent, stearic acid, soybean hardening oil, rapeseed oil, paraffin, heavy oil, polyethylene wax emulsion and vaseline and the granular lime nitrogen is the pellets of 1 to 10 mm in average grain size of the lime nitrogen not containing the reforming agents and/or water repellent materials described above.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a mixed type granular fertilizer capable of easily adjusting the ratio of two effects, that is, prolonging fertilizer effect and pesticide effect.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Lime nitrogen is a slow-release fertilizer containing calcium cyanamide as a main component and also has a pesticide effect, and has been used for many years. However, the fertilizer effect may be affected by the soil, and the pesticide effect appears within 1-2 days after application and continues for about one week, but no further effect could be expected. Therefore, there has been a demand for lime nitrogen capable of adjusting the fertilizer effect, that is, the prolongation of the period of ammonification / nitration and the pesticide effect, that is, the prolongation of the elution period of cyanamide.

Therefore, an invention relating to a lime nitrogen composition in which a modifier that delays the hydrolysis reaction in which calcium cyanamide is converted into urea is added to lime nitrogen has been proposed (JP-A-10-297985).

In this lime nitrogen composition, the rate of hydrolysis of calcium cyanamide is suppressed, so that the elution concentration of cyanamide per hour becomes constant at a low concentration, and the cyanamide existence time in soil is longer than that of conventional lime nitrogen. It has the advantage that the pesticide effect lasts for a long time. Also, regarding the fertilizer effect, since the hydrolysis rate of calcium cyanamide is suppressed, the subsequent time to change to ammonia nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen is delayed, and the fertilizer effect is prolonged. The fact that nitric acid is produced later than in conventional products means that this modified lime nitrogen is classified as a slow-acting fertilizer (sigmoidal fertilizer) among slow-acting fertilizers.

However, when the above-mentioned lime nitrogen composition is applied to soil in which cyanamide is rapidly decomposed, the concentration of cyanamide in the soil becomes remarkably low, and it is against a certain organism having a high threshold (threshold) of cyanamide sensitivity. However, there was a problem that the pesticide effect was insufficient.

[0006] The form of lime nitrogen includes powdery products and granular products. However, powdery products have problems such as loss of fertilizer due to scattering during spraying and influence on other crops in the vicinity. , Granular products are preferred.

[0007]

The object of the present invention is to produce a pesticide effect on certain organisms having a high threshold of cyanamide sensitivity while maintaining the fertilizer effect for a long period of time, and for the purpose of cultivation. The purpose of the present invention is to provide granular fertilizer so that the concentration of the organism to be killed is reduced immediately after reaching the lethal concentration so that the fertilizer does not harm the organism.

[0008]

Means for Solving the Problems That is, the present invention comprises a mixture containing a modified lime nitrogen granule and a granular lime nitrogen, wherein the modified lime nitrogen granule is a mixture of lime nitrogen and oxycarboxylic acid or One or more modifiers selected from salts thereof, ketocarboxylic acids or salts thereof, ligninsulfonic acid or salts thereof, sugars, molasses, corn syrup and pulp waste liquid, and a silane coupling agent, stearic acid, An average particle size of 1 to 10 m containing one or more water-repellent substances selected from soybean hydrogenated oil, rapeseed oil, paraffin, heavy oil, polyethylene wax emulsion and petrolatum.
m granules, and the granular lime nitrogen has an average particle size of 1 of lime nitrogen that does not contain the modifier and / or the water repellent substance.
It is a mixed type granular fertilizer characterized by being a granular material of 10 mm.

In the present invention, the modified lime nitrogen granules:
The mass ratio of the granular lime nitrogen is preferably 0.5 to 5: 9.5 to 5. Further, it is preferable that a part or all of the quicklime in the modified lime nitrogen granulated product and / or the granular lime nitrogen is dissolved.

[0010]

The present invention will be described in more detail below.

Lime nitrogen is calcium cyanamide (Ca
CN ₂ ) as the main component, quick lime (CaO), slaked lime (C
a (OH) ₂ ), carbon (C), etc. as auxiliary components, and various compositions are known, but the modified lime nitrogen granulated product or granular lime nitrogen used in the present invention is Any one can be used for the production.

If a large amount of quick lime is contained in lime nitrogen, the volume expansion of the quick lime during hydration may cause the granular material to collapse and become powdered. Therefore, a small amount of water is mixed in advance with the lime nitrogen. However, it is desirable to hydrate part or all of the quicklime in the lime nitrogen. This operation is preferably performed on lime nitrogen for producing modified lime nitrogen granules.

The modified lime nitrogen granules are prepared by mixing lime nitrogen and a modifier of lime nitrogen, and extruding granules, embossing granules, pan-molding granules, stirring granulation, rolling granulation and the like. It is preferable that after the granulation in step 1, a water-repellent substance is added in a tank such as a tumbling granulator and adhered to the surface of the granulated product. Adhesion of water-repellent substances to the surface of granules can be done by directly adhering, impregnating water-repellent substances once melted, melting and spraying water-repellent substances, emulsifying and adhering, impregnating powder such as talc. Means such as allowing them to adhere are adopted. After granulation, if necessary,
It is dried by heating and blowing.

The modifier is used in an amount of 0.1 to 20 parts, especially 1 to 1 with respect to 100 parts of lime nitrogen (parts by mass, hereinafter the same).
It is preferably 0 part. To obtain a slower effect, increase the ratio, and to obtain a faster effect, decrease the ratio. If it is less than 0.1 part, the modifying effect is small,
Further, when it exceeds 20 parts, the nitrogen component of the fertilizer is lowered, which is not preferable.

When the soil to be fertilized contains a large amount of soil colloid, the water-repellent substance is added to supplement the effect because the above-mentioned modifier is not sufficient for its effect. The amount of water-repellent substance used is 0.1 to 20 parts per 100 parts of lime nitrogen,
It is particularly preferably 1 to 15 parts. If it is less than 0.1 part, the effect of suppressing the hydrolysis rate of lime nitrogen in the soil containing a large amount of soil colloid is small, and if it exceeds 20 parts, the nitrogen component of the fertilizer is lowered, which is not preferable.

The modified lime-nitrogen granules have an average particle size of 1
Granules or cylinders with a diameter of 10 mm are preferred, and this makes them easy to handle and facilitates compounding with other fertilizers.

On the other hand, the granular lime nitrogen used in the present invention is the above modified lime nitrogen granulated product except that it does not contain a modifier and a water repellent substance. Is the same as. An example of a commercial product containing no modifier and water repellent substance is granular lime nitrogen (manufactured by Denki Kagaku Kogyo Co., Ltd.).

The modified lime nitrogen granules and the granular lime nitrogen may be mixed in a predetermined amount using a mixer or the like. There is no limitation on the ratio of both, and for example, in order to exhibit the pesticide effect, the elution concentration of cyanamide is determined so as to reach the threshold of cyanamide of the organism to be killed. An example thereof is a mass ratio of modified lime nitrogen granules: granular lime nitrogen of 0.5 to.
5: 9.5-5.

[0019]

EXAMPLES The present invention will be described more specifically with reference to Examples and Comparative Examples.

[0020]

Example 1 970 g of powdered lime nitrogen (made by Denki Kagaku Kogyo Co., Ltd.) in which quicklime in lime nitrogen was hydrated and 30 g of a modifier (lignin sulfonic acid) were mixed and extruded and then granulated. 110 ° C
Then, add 50g of water-repellent substance (γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane) and mix it using a rolling tank.
After drying, a modified lime nitrogen granule (average particle diameter 2 mm, modifier content 3%, water repellent material content 5%) was produced.

An equal mass mixture of this modified lime nitrogen granulated product and a commercially available granular lime nitrogen (average particle size 2 mm) was blended with a mixer to produce a mixed type granular fertilizer, and an evaluation test according to the following was conducted. The concentration of cyanamide in soil was measured. The results are shown in Table 1.

(Evaluation test) Soil (Surface layer humic black soil)
30 g was weighed, water was added so that the water content became 60% of the maximum water content, and the mixture was transferred to a 50 ml cylindrical container. 6 mg of mixed granular fertilizer was applied to the center of the soil as a nitrogen content. In order to prevent evaporation of water, the lid was covered with aluminum foil to the extent that it was not tightly sealed, and the cells were cultured in a 25 ° C. constant temperature chamber and sampled over time. Cyanamide was extracted from the sample soil using a 2% acetic acid solution. After filtering the extract with filter paper, the amount of cyanamide in the filtrate (that is, the amount of residual cyanamide) was measured by spectrophotometry using pentacyanoammineferroate as a color-forming reagent.

Under the temperature and soil moisture conditions of this evaluation test, it was confirmed that the amount of cyanamide decomposed in the test soil was 3.5 mg cyanamide nitrogen / 100 g dry soil / day. That is, when the amount of change in the residual amount of cyanamide in the sample per day is less than 3.5 mg cyanamide nitrogen / 100 g dry soil / day, the amount of change in the residual amount of cyanamide itself is regarded as the amount of cyanamide eluted from the fertilizer into the soil. All right.

Comparative Example 1 The procedure of Example 1 was repeated except that the modified lime nitrogen granules were used instead of the mixed granular fertilizer.

Comparative Example 2 Example 1 was repeated except that granular lime nitrogen was used instead of the mixed granular fertilizer.

Example 2 A mixed type granular fertilizer was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that powdered lime nitrogen in which quicklime in lime nitrogen was not hydrated was used. The results are shown in Table 1.

Example 3 Modified lime nitrogen granulated product: Granulated lime nitrogen mixed at a mixing mass ratio of 3:
A mixed-type granular fertilizer was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that No. 7 was used. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0028]

[Table 1]

As shown in Table 1, in Comparative Example 1, the cyanamide elution concentration was constant until the 24th day after fertilization, but the threshold value of the target organism for pesticide effect (in this case, 1 mg cyanamide nitrogen / 100 g dry soil. (Day), and in Comparative Example 2, the cyanamide elution concentration is high, but after 7 days, the concentration is extremely reduced. On the other hand, Example 1 of the present invention
Has a higher cyanamide elution concentration up to the 7th day than the modified lime nitrogen granulated product of Comparative Example 1, and has a cyanamide elution concentration from the 24th day to the 40th day compared to the granular lime nitrogen of Comparative Example 2. I was able to maintain it.

Further, in Example 1, the concentration was maintained higher than the estimated elution value of cyanamide when the granular lime nitrogen and the modified lime nitrogen granules were applied individually. From this, the mixed granular fertilizer of the present invention, the pesticide effect is increased and prolonged, it is possible to delay the generation of urea and the like produced by the hydrolysis of cyanamide, it is possible to prolong the fertilizer effect. Was shown.

In Example 2, the elution value of cyanamide was almost the same as that in Example 1, but the particulate matter collapsed within 6 months.
It was pulverized to 5% (particles having a particle size of 0.5 mm or less were generated).

As is clear from the comparison between Example 1 and Example 3, by increasing the mixing ratio of granular lime nitrogen, the cyanamide nitrogen concentration from the fertilization to the 7th day could be increased. As a result, it was shown that the target pesticide effect can be dealt with even when the target organism has a high threshold value.

Example 4 Comparative Examples 3 to 6 Using the mixed type granular fertilizer, granular lime nitrogen and modified lime nitrogen granules of Example 1, a herbicidal test in the open field was conducted as follows.

(Weeding test) After weeding the test field with a mower,
It was cultivated with a small cultivator. In order to make the distribution of the weed seeds uniform, the surface soil of the surface layer of the test field of about 5 cm was stripped off and embeded in one place, and then redistributed to the test site. The test site is 1.
The square was 5 m, and the distance from the adjacent section was 0.5 m. Fertilizer was sprinkled on the surface so that the nitrogen application rate was 12 kg / 10a. The number of repetitions was 3. The fertilization date was May 11.

On the 25th day after fertilization, a 30 cm square formwork was put down at the place where it was observed that the amount of grass and the species was average in each plot, and all the weeds within the frame were collected together with the roots. Table 2 shows the results of the total number of weeds and the total mass.

[0036]

[Table 2]

As is clear from Table 2, the herbicidal effect of the mixed granular fertilizer of the present invention was higher than that of the modified lime nitrogen granulated product alone, and was equivalent to that of granular lime nitrogen.

[0038]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, there is provided a mixed-type granular fertilizer which exerts a pesticidal effect even on certain organisms having a high threshold of cyanamide sensitivity other than the target crop while maintaining a long-term fertilizer effect. To be done.

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Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A modified lime nitrogen granulation product and a mixture containing granular lime nitrogen, wherein the modified lime nitrogen granulation product is lime nitrogen and oxycarboxylic acid or a salt thereof, ketocarboxylic acid or a salt thereof, and lignin. One or more modifiers selected from sulfonic acids or salts thereof, sugars, molasses, corn syrup, and pulp waste liquid, and silane coupling agents, stearic acid, hydrogenated soybean oil, rapeseed oil, paraffin, heavy oil. ,
It consists of a granulated product having an average particle size of 1 to 10 mm containing one or more water repellent substances selected from polyethylene wax emulsion and petrolatum, and the granular lime nitrogen is the modifier and / or the repellent agent. A mixed-type granular fertilizer characterized by being a granular substance having an average particle size of 1 to 10 mm of lime nitrogen that does not contain an aqueous substance. 2. The mixed granular fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the modified lime nitrogen granules: granular lime nitrogen is 0.5 to 5: 9.5 to 5. 3. The mixed type granules according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the modified lime nitrogen granules and / or the granulated lime nitrogen are obtained by soaking part or all of the quicklime. fertilizer.