JP2003026631A - Method for producing tertiary carboxylic ester - Google Patents

Method for producing tertiary carboxylic ester

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Publication number
JP2003026631A
JP2003026631A JP2001210301A JP2001210301A JP2003026631A JP 2003026631 A JP2003026631 A JP 2003026631A JP 2001210301 A JP2001210301 A JP 2001210301A JP 2001210301 A JP2001210301 A JP 2001210301A JP 2003026631 A JP2003026631 A JP 2003026631A
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
group
carboxylic acid
acid ester
methyl
methyl group
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
JP2001210301A
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Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP4470348B2 (en
Inventor
Koji Abe
浩司 安部
Yoshihiro Ushigoe
由浩 牛越
Akikazu Ito
晶和 伊藤
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Ube Corp
Original Assignee
Ube Industries Ltd
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  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a high-purity tertiary carboxylic acid ester which is useable as a synthetic intermediate or agricultural chemicals, medicines and electronic materials or as a solvent. SOLUTION: This tertiary carboxylic acid ester represented by general formula (III) (wherein R<1> , R<2> and R<3> are each independently methyl group or ethyl group; R<4> is a 2-20C hydrocarbon group, and when X is ethyl group, R<4> is a 3-20C hydrocarbon group) is produced by transesterification of a tertiary carboxylic acid ester such as methyl pivalate with a carboxylic acid ester such as n-hexyl acetate. In the production method, the transesterification of the tertiary carboxylic acid ester with a carboxylic acid ester is carried out under the presence of a catalyst.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】Detailed Description of the Invention

【0001】[0001]

【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、高純度第3級カル
ボン酸エステルの製造方法に関する。第3級カルボン酸
エステルは、農薬、医薬、電子材料等の合成中間体や原
体として、また溶剤として有用な化合物である。
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method for producing a high-purity tertiary carboxylic acid ester. The tertiary carboxylic acid ester is a compound useful as a synthetic intermediate or drug substance for agricultural chemicals, pharmaceuticals, electronic materials and the like, and as a solvent.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】従来の第3級カルボン酸エステルを合成
する方法は、第3級カルボン酸とアルコールの酸触媒、
および塩基触媒縮合によるエステル化反応が一般的であ
り、かつ安価である。しかしながら、上記反応は平衡反
応であり、原料のカルボン酸とアルコールのどちらか一
方、もしくは両方が反応系に残る。特に、ピバリン酸の
エステル化反応において、ピバリン酸の沸点は163〜
164℃であり、ピバリン酸ブチルの沸点は165℃と
きわめて近く、分離が困難である。そのため、水を加え
て抽出処理、もしくは蒸留精製等煩雑な手間が必要とな
り、特に水分を含まないカルボン酸エステルの製造を目
的とする場合、後処理で水を取り除くのに多大な手間を
必要とする。また、第3級カルボン酸は、酸性度が小さ
いため、水洗によって完全に除去することは困難であ
る。さらに、蒸留において、原料アルコールと生成物で
ある第3級カルボン酸エステルとは共沸しやすい場合が
多く、目的とする第3級カルボン酸エステルから、原料
の第3級カルボン酸、アルコールを完全に分離精製する
ことは難しい。例えば、ピバリン酸とn−ヘキサノール
のエステル化反応において、ピバリン酸n−ヘキシル
は、n−ヘキサノールと共沸し、ピバリン酸n−ヘキシ
ル中の微量のn−ヘキサノールを除去することが困難に
なる。
2. Description of the Related Art A conventional method for synthesizing a tertiary carboxylic acid ester is to use an acid catalyst of a tertiary carboxylic acid and an alcohol,
And the esterification reaction by base-catalyzed condensation is general and inexpensive. However, the above reaction is an equilibrium reaction, and either one or both of the raw material carboxylic acid and alcohol remain in the reaction system. In particular, in the esterification reaction of pivalic acid, the boiling point of pivalic acid is 163-
It is 164 ° C., and the boiling point of butyl pivalate is very close to 165 ° C., and separation is difficult. Therefore, complicated treatment such as extraction treatment by adding water, or distillation purification is required, and particularly in the case of producing a carboxylic acid ester containing no water, a great deal of labor is required to remove water in the post-treatment. To do. Further, since the tertiary carboxylic acid has a low acidity, it is difficult to completely remove it by washing with water. Further, in distillation, the raw material alcohol and the product tertiary carboxylic acid ester are often azeotroped easily, and the raw material tertiary carboxylic acid and alcohol are completely removed from the target tertiary carboxylic acid ester. It is difficult to separate and purify. For example, in the esterification reaction of pivalic acid and n-hexanol, p-valic acid n-hexyl azeotropes with n-hexanol, and it becomes difficult to remove a trace amount of n-hexanol in n-hexyl pivalate.

【0003】一方、第3級カルボン酸エステルとアルコ
ールとを金属アルコラート存在下に反応させて、目的と
する第3級カルボン酸エステルを合成する方法もある
が、この場合にも生成物である第3級エステルと原料ア
ルコールとが共沸しやすい場合が多く、前記した場合と
同様に、特に原料のアルコールを完全に分離することが
困難であり、目的とする第3級カルボン酸エステルを高
純度で得ることは難しい。
On the other hand, there is also a method of synthesizing a desired tertiary carboxylic acid ester by reacting a tertiary carboxylic acid ester with an alcohol in the presence of a metal alcoholate. In many cases, the tertiary ester and the raw material alcohol are likely to be azeotropically distilled, and as in the case described above, it is particularly difficult to completely separate the raw material alcohol, and the target tertiary carboxylic acid ester is highly purified. Hard to get at.

【0004】また、カルボン酸とアルコールから、一方
の成分を過剰に用いることなく効率良くエステルを合成
する方法として、アルコールに第3級カルボン酸塩化物
を反応させる方法がある。しかし、この酸塩化物は微量
の水分によりカルボン酸と塩化水素に分解されるため
に、前記と同様に原料の第3級カルボン酸、アルコール
を完全に分離精製することは難しく、高純度の第3級カ
ルボン酸エステルを合成することは望めない。
As a method for efficiently synthesizing an ester from a carboxylic acid and an alcohol without using one component in excess, there is a method of reacting an alcohol with a tertiary carboxylic acid chloride. However, since this acid chloride is decomposed into carboxylic acid and hydrogen chloride by a trace amount of water, it is difficult to completely separate and purify the tertiary carboxylic acid and alcohol as the raw materials as described above, and it is possible to obtain a highly pure first acid. Synthesis of tertiary carboxylic acid ester is not expected.

【0005】さらに、カルボン酸とアルコールを等モル
量用い、効率良くエステルを合成する手法として、トリ
フルオロ酢酸無水物、ジシクロヘキシルカルボジイミ
ド、トリフェニルホスフィン等の脱水剤を等モル量以上
の過剰に使用する方法が知られている(Compreh
ensive Organic Transforma
tions;VCH:New York,1989,p
p980−981)。しかしながら、これらの脱水剤は
高価で入手し難く、工業的製法としては適さない。
Further, as a method for efficiently synthesizing an ester by using equimolar amounts of carboxylic acid and alcohol, a dehydrating agent such as trifluoroacetic anhydride, dicyclohexylcarbodiimide or triphenylphosphine is used in excess of equimolar amounts or more. A method is known (Compreh
energetic Transforma
tions; VCH: New York, 1989, p.
p980-981). However, these dehydrating agents are expensive and difficult to obtain, and are not suitable as an industrial production method.

【0006】[0006]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】上述したように、第3
級カルボン酸エステルは医農薬の合成中間体・原体や、
電子材料として有用な化合物であり、不純物、特にカル
ボン酸、アルコール等の混入は品質の低下につながるた
め、できるだけこれらの不純物を含まない第3級カルボ
ン酸エステルの提供が望まれている。本発明の目的は、
前記のようなカルボン酸、アルコール等の不純物の混入
する課題を解決し、原料に二種類のカルボン酸エステル
を使用し、触媒を用いたエステル交換反応より、製造、
及び後処理、分離精製が容易で、かつ工業的に安価に、
高収率で目的とする高純度第3級カルボン酸エステルを
製造することのできる方法を提供するものである。
As described above, the third problem
-Grade carboxylic acid esters are synthetic intermediates and drug substances for medical and agricultural chemicals,
Since it is a compound useful as an electronic material, and contamination with impurities, especially carboxylic acid, alcohol, etc. leads to deterioration in quality, it is desired to provide a tertiary carboxylic acid ester which does not contain these impurities as much as possible. The purpose of the present invention is to
Solving the problem of mixing impurities such as carboxylic acid and alcohol as described above, using two kinds of carboxylic acid ester as a raw material, produced by transesterification reaction using a catalyst,
And post-treatment, separation and purification are easy, and industrially inexpensive,
It is intended to provide a method capable of producing an objective high-purity tertiary carboxylic acid ester in high yield.

【0007】[0007]

【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、下記一般式
(I)、
The present invention provides the following general formula (I):

【0008】[0008]

【化5】 [Chemical 5]

【0009】(式中、R、R、RおよびXは、そ
れぞれ独立してメチル基またはエチル基を示す。)で表
される第3級カルボン酸エステルおよび下記一般式(I
I)、
(Wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and X each independently represent a methyl group or an ethyl group) and a tertiary carboxylic acid ester represented by the following general formula (I
I),

【0010】[0010]

【化6】 [Chemical 6]

【0011】(式中、Rは、メチル基またはエチル基
を示し、Rは炭素数2〜20の炭化水素基を示す。)
で表されるカルボン酸エステルとのエステル交換反応に
よって下記一般式(III)、
(In the formula, R 5 represents a methyl group or an ethyl group, and R 4 represents a hydrocarbon group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms.)
By a transesterification reaction with a carboxylic acid ester represented by the following general formula (III),

【0012】[0012]

【化7】 [Chemical 7]

【0013】(式中、R、R、Rは、それぞれ独
立してメチル基またはエチル基を示し、Rは炭素数2
〜20の炭化水素基を示す。但し、Xがエチル基の場
合、Rは炭素数3〜20の炭化水素基を示す。)で表
される第3級カルボン酸エステルを製造するに際し、上
記一般式(I)および上記一般式(II)のカルボン酸
エステルを触媒中、エステル交換反応させることを特徴
とする第3級カルボン酸エステルの製造方法に関する。
(In the formula, R 1 , R 2 and R 3 each independently represent a methyl group or an ethyl group, and R 4 has 2 carbon atoms.
~ 20 hydrocarbon groups. However, when X is an ethyl group, R 4 represents a hydrocarbon group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms. ) In producing a tertiary carboxylic acid ester represented by the formula (3), the carboxylic acid ester represented by the general formula (I) and the general formula (II) is subjected to transesterification reaction in a catalyst. The present invention relates to a method for producing an acid ester.

【0014】[0014]

【発明の実施の形態】本発明の一般式(I)で表される
第3級カルボン酸エステルにおいて、R、R、R
およびXは、それぞれ独立してメチル基、エチル基を示
す。
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION In the tertiary carboxylic acid ester represented by the general formula (I) of the present invention, R 1 , R 2 and R 3
And X each independently represent a methyl group or an ethyl group.

【0015】本発明の一般式(I)で表される第3級カ
ルボン酸エステルの具体例としては、例えばピバリン酸
メチル〔R=R=R=X=メチル基〕、ピバリン
酸エチル〔R=R=R=メチル基、X=エチル
基〕、2,2−ジメチルブタン酸メチル〔R=R
X=メチル基、R=エチル基〕、2,2−ジメチルブ
タン酸エチル〔R=R=メチル基、R=X=エチ
ル基〕、2−エチル−2−メチルブタン酸エチル〔R
=メチル基、R=R=X=エチル基〕、2,2−ジ
エチルブタン酸エチル〔R=R=R=X=エチル
基〕などが挙げられる。
Specific examples of the tertiary carboxylic acid ester represented by the general formula (I) of the present invention include, for example, methyl pivalate [R 1 = R 2 = R 3 = X = methyl group], ethyl pivalate. [R 1 = R 2 = R 3 = methyl group, X = ethyl group], methyl 2,2-dimethylbutanoate [R 1 = R 2 =
X = methyl group, R 3 = ethyl group], ethyl 2,2-dimethylbutanoate [R 1 = R 2 = methyl group, R 3 = X = ethyl group], ethyl 2-ethyl-2-methylbutanoate [R 1
= Methyl, R 2 = R 3 = X = ethyl group], 2,2-diethyl ethyl butanoate [R 1 = R 2 = R 3 = X = ethyl group], and the like.

【0016】本発明の一般式(II)で表されるカルボ
ン酸エステルにおいて、Rは、それぞれ独立してメチ
ル基、エチル基を示す。また、Rはエチル基、プロピ
ル基、ブチル基、ペンチル基、ヘキシル基、ヘプチル
基、オクチル基、ノニル基、デシル基、ウンデシル基、
ドデシル基、トリデシル基、テトラデシル基、ペンタデ
シル基、ヘキサデシル基、ヘプタデシル基、オクタデシ
ル基、エイコサデシル基等の炭素数2〜20のアルキル
基が好ましい。アルキル基はiso−プロピル基、is
o−ブチル基、tert−ブチル基、iso−ペンチル
基、tert−ペンチル基、iso−ヘキシル基、is
o−ヘプチル、iso−オクチル基、2−エチルヘキシ
ル基、iso−ノニル基、iso−デシル基、iso−
ドデシル基、iso−オクタデシル基等の分枝アルキル
基でもよい。また、Rはビニル基、アリル基、プロパ
ルギル基等の不飽和炭化水素基や、フェニル基、トリル
基、ビフェニリル基等のアリール基やベンジル基等のア
ラルキル基でもよい。
In the carboxylic acid ester represented by the general formula (II) of the present invention, each R 5 independently represents a methyl group or an ethyl group. R 4 is an ethyl group, a propyl group, a butyl group, a pentyl group, a hexyl group, a heptyl group, an octyl group, a nonyl group, a decyl group, an undecyl group,
An alkyl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms such as a dodecyl group, a tridecyl group, a tetradecyl group, a pentadecyl group, a hexadecyl group, a heptadecyl group, an octadecyl group, and an eicossadecyl group is preferable. The alkyl group is an iso-propyl group, is
o-butyl group, tert-butyl group, iso-pentyl group, tert-pentyl group, iso-hexyl group, is
o-heptyl, iso-octyl group, 2-ethylhexyl group, iso-nonyl group, iso-decyl group, iso-
A branched alkyl group such as a dodecyl group or an iso-octadecyl group may be used. Further, R 4 may be an unsaturated hydrocarbon group such as a vinyl group, an allyl group, a propargyl group, an aryl group such as a phenyl group, a tolyl group, a biphenylyl group, or an aralkyl group such as a benzyl group.

【0017】本発明の一般式(II)で表されるカルボ
ン酸エステルの具体例としては、例えば酢酸エチル〔R
=メチル基、R=エチル基〕、酢酸プロピル〔R
=メチル基、R=n−プロピル基〕、酢酸iso−プ
ロピル〔R=メチル基、R =iso−プロピル
基〕、酢酸ブチル〔R=メチル基、R=n−ブチル
基〕、酢酸iso−ブチル〔R=メチル基、R=i
so−ブチル基〕、酢酸tert−ブチル〔R=メチ
ル基、R=tert−ブチル基〕、酢酸ペンチル〔R
=メチル基、R=n−ペンチル基〕、酢酸iso−
ペンチル〔R=メチル基、R=iso−ペンチル
基〕、酢酸tert−ペンチル〔R=メチル基、R
=tert−ペンチル基〕、酢酸ヘキシル〔R=メチ
ル基、R=n−ヘキシル基〕、酢酸iso−ヘキシル
〔R=メチル基、R=iso−ヘキシル基〕酢酸t
ert−ヘキシル〔R=メチル基、R=tert−
ヘキシル基〕、酢酸ヘプチル〔R=メチル基、R
n−ヘプチル基〕、酢酸iso−ヘプチル〔R=メチ
ル基、R=iso−ヘプチル基〕、酢酸オクチル〔R
=メチル基、R=n−オクチル基〕、酢酸iso−
オクチル〔R=メチル基、R=iso−オクチル
基〕、酢酸ノニル〔R=メチル基、R=n−ノニル
基〕、酢酸iso−ノニル〔R=メチル基、R=i
so−ノニル基〕、酢酸デシル〔R=メチル基、R
=n−デシル基〕、酢酸iso−デシル〔R=メチル
基、R=iso−デシル基〕、酢酸ウンデシル〔R
=メチル基、R =n−ウンデシル基〕、酢酸ドデシル
〔R=メチル基、R=n−ドデシル基〕、酢酸オク
タデシル〔R=メチル基、R=n−オクタデシル
基〕、酢酸ビニル〔R=メチル基、R=ビニル
基〕、酢酸アリル〔R=メチル基、R =アリル
基〕、酢酸プロパルギル〔R=メチル基、R=プロ
パルギル基〕、酢酸フェニル〔R=メチル基、R
フェニル基〕、酢酸p−トリル〔R=メチル基、R
=p−トリル基〕、酢酸ビフェニル〔R=メチル基、
=ビフェニル基〕、酢酸ベンジル〔R=メチル
基、R=ベンジル基〕、酢酸エチル〔R=メチル
基、R=エチル基〕、プロピオン酸ブチル〔R=エ
チル基、R=n−ブチル基〕、プロピオン酸ペンチル
〔R=エチル基、R=n−ペンチル基〕、プロピオ
ン酸ヘキシル〔R=エチル基、R=n−ヘキシル
基〕などが挙げられる。なお、これらの化合物はほんの
一例にすぎず、本発明のカルボン酸エステルは、様々な
構造が可能である。
The carbo represented by the general formula (II) of the present invention
Specific examples of the acid ester include ethyl acetate [R
5= Methyl group, RFour= Ethyl group], propyl acetate [R5
= Methyl group, RFour= N-propyl group], iso-acetic acid
Ropil [R5= Methyl group, R Four= Iso-propyl
Group], butyl acetate [R5= Methyl group, RFour= N-butyl
Group], iso-butyl acetate [R5= Methyl group, RFour= I
so-butyl group], tert-butyl acetate [R5= Met
Lu group, RFour= Tert-butyl group], pentyl acetate [R
5= Methyl group, RFour= N-pentyl group], acetic acid iso-
Pentyl [R5= Methyl group, RFour= Iso-pentyl
Group], tert-pentyl acetate [R5= Methyl group, RFour
= Tert-pentyl group], hexyl acetate [R5= Met
Lu group, RFour= N-hexyl group], iso-hexyl acetate
[R5= Methyl group, RFour= Iso-hexyl group] acetic acid t
ert-hexyl [R5= Methyl group, RFour= Tert-
Hexyl group], heptyl acetate [R5= Methyl group, RFour=
n-heptyl group], acetic acid iso-heptyl [R5= Met
Lu group, RFour= Iso-heptyl group], octyl acetate [R
5= Methyl group, RFour= N-octyl group], acetic acid iso-
Octyl [R5= Methyl group, RFour= Iso-octyl
Group], nonyl acetate [R5= Methyl group, RFour= N-nonyl
Group], iso-nonyl acetate [R5= Methyl group, RFour= I
so-nonyl group], decyl acetate [R5= Methyl group, RFour
= N-decyl group], acetic acid iso-decyl [R5= Methyl
Group, RFour= Iso-decyl group], undecyl acetate [R5
= Methyl group, R Four= N-undecyl group], dodecyl acetate
[R5= Methyl group, RFour= N-dodecyl group], acetic acid octyl
Tadecyl [R5= Methyl group, RFour= N-octadecyl
Group], vinyl acetate [R5= Methyl group, RFour= Vinyl
Group], allyl acetate [R5= Methyl group, R Four= Allyl
Group], propargyl acetate [R5= Methyl group, RFour= Professional
Pargyl group], phenyl acetate [R5= Methyl group, RFour=
Phenyl group], p-tolyl acetate [R5= Methyl group, RFour
= P-tolyl group], biphenyl acetate [R5= Methyl group,
RFour= Biphenyl group], benzyl acetate [R5= Methyl
Group, RFour= Benzyl group], ethyl acetate [R5= Methyl
Group, RFour= Ethyl group], butyl propionate [R5= D
Chill group, RFour= N-butyl group], pentyl propionate
[R5= Ethyl group, RFour= N-pentyl group], propio
Hexyl acidate [R5= Ethyl group, RFour= N-hexyl
Group] and the like. Note that these compounds are only
By way of example only, the carboxylic acid esters of the present invention can be used in various
Structure is possible.

【0018】本発明の一般式(III)で表される第3
級カルボン酸エステルにおいて、Xがメチル基の場合、
は炭素数2〜20の炭化水素基を示し、Xがエチル
基の場合、Rは炭素数3〜20の炭化水素基を示す。
一般式(III)で表される第3級カルボン酸エステル
の具体例としては、例えばピバリン酸エチル〔R=R
=R=メチル基、R=エチル基〕、ピバリン酸プ
ロピル〔R=R=R=メチル基、R=n−プロ
ピル基〕、ピバリン酸iso−プロピル〔R=R
=メチル基、R=iso−プロピル基〕、ピバリ
ン酸ブチル〔R =R=R=メチル基、R=n−
ブチル基〕、ピバリン酸iso−ブチル〔R=R
=メチル基、R=iso−ブチル基〕、ピバリン
酸tert−ブチル〔R=R=R=メチル基、R
=tert−ブチル基〕、ピバリン酸ペンチル〔R
=R=R=メチル基、R=n−ペンチル基〕、ピ
バリン酸iso−ペンチル〔R=R=R=メチル
基、R=iso−ペンチル基〕、ピバリン酸tert
−ペンチル〔R=R=R=メチル基、R=te
rt−ペンチル基〕、ピバリン酸ヘキシル〔R=R
=R=メチル基、R=n−ヘキシル基〕、ピバリン
酸iso−ヘキシル〔R=R=R=メチル基、R
=iso−ヘキシル基〕、ピバリン酸tert−ヘキ
シル〔R=R=R=メチル基、R=tert−
ヘキシル基〕、ピバリン酸ヘプチル〔R=R=R
=メチル基、R=n−ヘプチル基〕、ピバリン酸is
o−ヘプチル〔R=R=R=メチル基、R=i
so−ヘプチル基〕、ピバリン酸オクチル〔R=R
=R=メチル基、R=n−オクチル基〕、ピバリン
酸iso−オクチル〔R=R=R=メチル基、R
=iso−オクチル基〕、ピバリン酸ノニル〔R
=R=メチル基、R=n−ノニル基〕、ピバリ
ン酸iso−ノニル〔R=R=R=メチル基、R
=iso−ノニル基〕、ピバリン酸デシル〔R=R
=R=メチル基、R=n−デシル基〕、ピバリン
酸iso−デシル〔R=R=R=メチル基、R
=iso−デシル基〕、ピバリン酸ウンデシル〔R
=R=メチル基、R=n−ウンデシル基〕、ピ
バリン酸ドデシル〔R=R=R=メチル基、R
=n−ドデシル基〕、ピバリン酸オクタデシル〔R
=R=メチル基、R=n−オクタデシル基〕、
ピバリン酸ビニル〔R=R=R=メチル基、R
=ビニル基〕、ピバリン酸アリル〔R=R=R
メチル基、R=アリル基〕、ピバリン酸プロパルギル
〔R=R=R=メチル基、R=プロパルギル
基〕、ピバリン酸フェニル〔R=R=R=メチル
基、R=フェニル基〕、ピバリン酸p−トリル〔R
=R=R=メチル基、R=p−トリル基〕、ピバ
リン酸ビフェニル〔R=R=R=メチル基、R
=ビフェニル基〕、ピバリン酸ベンジル〔R=R
=メチル基、R=ベンジル基〕、2,2−ジメチ
ルブタン酸エチル〔R=R=メチル基、R=R
=エチル基〕、2−エチル2−メチルブタン酸エチル
〔R=メチル基、R=R=R=エチル基〕、
2,2−ジエチルブタン酸エチル〔R=R=R
=エチル基〕などが挙げられる。なお、これらの化
合物はほんの一例にすぎず、本発明で合成可能な第3級
カルボン酸エステルは、様々な構造が可能である。前記
一般式(III)として、Rが炭素数3〜12までの
炭化水素基を示す場合は、通常のカルボン酸とアルコー
ルを原料に用いたエステル化と比べて、カルボン酸やア
ルコールと前記一般式(III)との分離が容易なので
有利である。特に、Rが炭素数3〜6までの炭化水素
基を示す場合は更に有利となる。
Third type represented by the general formula (III) of the present invention
In the primary carboxylic acid ester, when X is a methyl group,
RFourRepresents a hydrocarbon group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, and X is ethyl.
In the case of a group, RFourRepresents a hydrocarbon group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms.
Tertiary carboxylic acid ester represented by general formula (III)
As a specific example of, for example, ethyl pivalate [R1= R
Two= RThree= Methyl group, RFour= Ethyl group], pivalic acid
Ropil [R1= RTwo= RThree= Methyl group, RFour= N-Pro
Pill group], iso-propyl pivalate [R1= RTwo=
RThree= Methyl group, RFour= Iso-propyl group], pivali
Butyl acidate [R 1= RTwo= RThree= Methyl group, RFour= N-
Butyl group], iso-butyl pivalate [R1= RTwo=
RThree= Methyl group, RFour= Iso-butyl group], pivalin
Acid tert-butyl [R1= RTwo= RThree= Methyl group, R
Four= Tert-butyl group], pentyl pivalate [R1
= RTwo= RThree= Methyl group, RFour= N-pentyl group],
Valinic acid iso-pentyl [R1= RTwo= RThree= Methyl
Group, RFour= Iso-pentyl group], pivalic acid tert
-Pentyl [R1= RTwo= RThree= Methyl group, RFour= Te
rt-pentyl group], hexyl pivalate [R1= RTwo
= RThree= Methyl group, RFour= N-hexyl group], pivalin
Acid iso-hexyl [R1= RTwo= RThree= Methyl group, R
Four= Iso-hexyl group], pivalic acid tert-hexyl
Sill [R1= RTwo= RThree= Methyl group, RFour= Tert-
Hexyl group], heptyl pivalate [R1= RTwo= RThree
= Methyl group, RFour= N-heptyl group], pivalic acid is
o-heptyl [R1= RTwo= RThree= Methyl group, RFour= I
so-heptyl group], octyl pivalate [R1= RTwo
= RThree= Methyl group, RFour= N-octyl group], pivalin
Acid iso-octyl [R1= RTwo= RThree= Methyl group, R
Four= Iso-octyl group], nonyl pivalate [R1=
RTwo= RThree= Methyl group, RFour= N-nonyl group], pivali
Iso-nonyl acid [R1= RTwo= RThree= Methyl group, R
Four= Iso-nonyl group], decyl pivalate [R1= R
Two= RThree= Methyl group, RFour= N-decyl group], pivalin
Acid iso-decyl [R1= RTwo= RThree= Methyl group, RFour
= Iso-decyl group], undecyl pivalate [R1=
RTwo= RThree= Methyl group, RFour= N-undecyl group],
Dodecyl valinate [R1= RTwo= RThree= Methyl group, RFour
= N-dodecyl group], octadecyl pivalate [R1=
RTwo= RThree= Methyl group, RFour= N-octadecyl group],
Vinyl pivalate [R1= RTwo= RThree= Methyl group, R Four
= Vinyl group], allyl pivalate [R1= RTwo= RThree=
Methyl group, RFour= Allyl group], propargyl pivalate
[R1= RTwo= RThree= Methyl group, RFour= Propargil
Group], phenyl pivalate [R1= RTwo= RThree= Methyl
Group, RFour= Phenyl group], p-tolyl p-tolyl [R1
= RTwo= RThree= Methyl group, RFour= P-tolyl group], piva
Biphenyl phosphate [R1= RTwo= RThree= Methyl group, RFour
= Biphenyl group], benzyl pivalate [R1= RTwo=
RThree= Methyl group, RFour= Benzyl group], 2,2-dimethyl
Ethyl butanoate [R1= RTwo= Methyl group, RThree= RFour
= Ethyl group], ethyl 2-ethyl 2-methylbutanoate
[R1= Methyl group, RTwo= RThree= RFour= Ethyl group],
Ethyl 2,2-diethylbutanoate [R1= RTwo= RThree=
R Four= Ethyl group] and the like. In addition, these
The compound is only an example, and the third grade that can be synthesized by the present invention is used.
The carboxylic acid ester can have various structures. The above
As the general formula (III), RFourHas 3 to 12 carbon atoms
If it represents a hydrocarbon group, it may
Compared to esterification using vinyl as a raw material,
Since it is easy to separate rucor and the general formula (III),
It is advantageous. In particular, RFourIs a hydrocarbon having 3 to 6 carbon atoms
It is even more advantageous if it represents a radical.

【0019】本発明において、前記一般式(III)と
共に下記一般式(IV)で表されるカルボン酸エステル
が副生する。
In the present invention, a carboxylic acid ester represented by the following general formula (IV) is produced as a by-product together with the general formula (III).

【0020】[0020]

【化8】 [Chemical 8]

【0021】(式中、Rは、メチル基またはエチル基
を示し、Xはメチル基またはエチル基を示す。)
(In the formula, R 5 represents a methyl group or an ethyl group, and X represents a methyl group or an ethyl group.)

【0022】一般式(IV)で表されるカルボン酸エス
テルの具体例としては、例えば酢酸メチル〔R=R
=メチル基〕(沸点57.5℃)、酢酸エチル〔R
メチル基、R=エチル基〕(沸点77℃)、プロピオ
ン酸メチル〔R=エチル基、R=メチル基〕(沸点
79℃)、プロピオン酸エチル〔R=R=エチル
基〕(沸点99℃)が挙げられる。平衡をずらすため
に、一般式(III)の第3級カルボン酸エステルの沸
点より、一般式(IV)のカルボン酸エステルの沸点の
方が低く、先に一般式(IV)のカルボン酸エステルを
留去させると、よりスムーズに反応が進行する利点があ
る。
Specific examples of the carboxylic acid ester represented by the general formula (IV) include methyl acetate [R 5 = R 4
= Methyl group] (boiling point 57.5 ° C.), ethyl acetate [R 5 =
Methyl group, R 4 = ethyl group] (boiling point 77 ° C.), methyl propionate [R 5 = ethyl group, R 4 = methyl group] (boiling point 79 ° C.), ethyl propionate [R 5 = R 4 = ethyl group] (Boiling point 99 ° C.). In order to shift the equilibrium, the boiling point of the carboxylic acid ester of the general formula (IV) is lower than that of the tertiary carboxylic acid ester of the general formula (III). Distilling off has the advantage that the reaction proceeds more smoothly.

【0023】エステル交換反応の原料である前記一般式
(I)と前記一般式(II)のモル比は、1:2〜2:
1が好ましく、特に、極力1:1に近い方が好ましい。
通常のエステル化反応は、生成系へ平衡をずらすため
に、アルコールを過剰に用いる。そのため、反応容器が
大きくしたり、蒸留留去に時間がかかるなど、生産効率
が著しく低下する問題を有する。しかしながら、本発明
によると、共沸無く副生する前記一般式(IV)を留去
できるので、反応容器は最小限に小さくでき、蒸留に無
駄な時間を要しない利点がある。
The molar ratio of the above-mentioned general formula (I) and the above-mentioned general formula (II), which are raw materials for the transesterification reaction, is 1: 2 to 2:
1 is preferable, and it is particularly preferable that it is as close to 1: 1 as possible.
The usual esterification reaction uses excess alcohol to shift the equilibrium to the product system. Therefore, there is a problem that the production efficiency is remarkably reduced because the reaction vessel becomes large and it takes time to distill off. However, according to the present invention, since the general formula (IV) produced as a by-product can be distilled off without azeotropic distillation, there is an advantage that the reaction vessel can be minimized and unnecessary time is not required for distillation.

【0024】本発明で使用される触媒は、金属アルコラ
ート、金属水素化物、鉱酸、アリールスルホン酸、ルイ
ス酸等各種触媒が適用可能である。特に有効な触媒とし
て、ナトリウムメチラート、ナトリムエチラート、カリ
ウムtert−ブトキシド等の金属アルコラート;水素
化ナトリウム、水素化カリウム等の金属水素化物;硫
酸、塩酸等の鉱酸;ベンゼンスルホン酸、パラトルエン
スルホン酸等のアリールスルホン酸;トリブロモホウ
素、トリフルオロホウ素等のハロゲン化ホウ素、テトラ
iso−プロポキシチタン等のルイス酸が挙げられる。
As the catalyst used in the present invention, various catalysts such as metal alcoholates, metal hydrides, mineral acids, arylsulfonic acids and Lewis acids can be applied. Particularly effective catalysts include metal alcoholates such as sodium methylate, sodium triethylate and potassium tert-butoxide; metal hydrides such as sodium hydride and potassium hydride; mineral acids such as sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid; benzenesulfonic acid and paratoluene. Examples thereof include arylsulfonic acids such as sulfonic acid; boron halides such as tribromoboron and trifluoroboron; Lewis acids such as tetra-iso-propoxytitanium.

【0025】触媒の量は、二種類のカルボン酸エステル
の合計量に対し、0.1mol%以上使用することが望
ましく、特に0.5〜30mol%の範囲で使用するこ
とが望ましい。
The amount of the catalyst is preferably 0.1 mol% or more, and more preferably 0.5 to 30 mol% with respect to the total amount of the two kinds of carboxylic acid esters.

【0026】エステル交換反応は液層で進行する。その
際、原料のカルボン酸エステルが溶媒の役割を果たすの
で、他の溶媒を特に使用する必要はなく、反応容器が大
きくなる点、並びに後処理の容易性の観点から用いない
方が好ましいが、原料および生成物と反応しない有機溶
媒であれば、いずれを使用しても差し支えない。その一
例として、ジブチルエーテル、ジフェニルエーテル、
1,4−ジオキサン、ジメトキシエタン、ジエトキシエ
タン、ジグリム、トリグリムなどのエーテル類;n−ヘ
プタン、iso−ヘプタン、n−オクタン、iso−オ
クタン、n−ノナン、iso−ノナン、n−デカン、i
so−デカンなどの直鎖、あるいは分枝状脂肪族炭化水
素;シクロヘキサン、シクロヘプタン、シクロオクタ
ン、シクロドデカン等の脂環式炭化水素;ベンゼン、ト
ルエン、(o,m,p−)キシレン、クロロベンゼン、
ニトロベンゼン等の芳香族炭化水素;1,2−ジクロロ
エタン、テトラクロロエチレン等のハロゲン化炭化水素
類;アセトニトリル、ベンゾニトリル等のニトリル類;
3−ペンタノン、シクロヘキサノン等のケトン類;N,
N−ジメチルホルムアミド、N,N−ジメチルアセトア
ミド等のアミド類;ジメチルスルホキシド等のスルホキ
シド類などが挙げられる。これら有機溶媒は単独で用い
ても良いし、混合して用いても差し支えない。
The transesterification reaction proceeds in the liquid layer. At that time, since the raw material carboxylic acid ester plays a role of a solvent, it is not necessary to use other solvent in particular, and it is preferable not to use it from the viewpoint of increasing the size of the reaction vessel and the ease of post-treatment. Any organic solvent may be used as long as it does not react with the raw material and the product. As an example, dibutyl ether, diphenyl ether,
Ethers such as 1,4-dioxane, dimethoxyethane, diethoxyethane, diglyme and triglyme; n-heptane, iso-heptane, n-octane, iso-octane, n-nonane, iso-nonane, n-decane, i
Linear or branched aliphatic hydrocarbons such as so-decane; alicyclic hydrocarbons such as cyclohexane, cycloheptane, cyclooctane, cyclododecane; benzene, toluene, (o, m, p-) xylene, chlorobenzene ,
Aromatic hydrocarbons such as nitrobenzene; Halogenated hydrocarbons such as 1,2-dichloroethane and tetrachloroethylene; Nitriles such as acetonitrile and benzonitrile;
Ketones such as 3-pentanone and cyclohexanone; N,
Examples thereof include amides such as N-dimethylformamide and N, N-dimethylacetamide; and sulfoxides such as dimethyl sulfoxide. These organic solvents may be used alone or as a mixture.

【0027】本発明における反応温度は特に制限されな
いが、通常20〜250℃の間で反応させる。反応速度
の観点から、好ましくは60〜250℃の範囲である。
反応時間は1分〜6時間、好ましくは10分〜2時間の
範囲で行われる。反応圧力は、通常、0.1〜50気
圧、好ましくは0.5〜5気圧である。
The reaction temperature in the present invention is not particularly limited, but the reaction is usually performed at 20 to 250 ° C. From the viewpoint of reaction rate, it is preferably in the range of 60 to 250 ° C.
The reaction time is 1 minute to 6 hours, preferably 10 minutes to 2 hours. The reaction pressure is usually 0.1 to 50 atm, preferably 0.5 to 5 atm.

【0028】前記一般式(III)を得る方法としては
蒸留が好ましい。蒸留は、反応しながら前記一般式(I
V)を留去させて、そのまま蒸留しても良いし、反応
後、触媒を不活性化処理した後に蒸留を行っても良い。
蒸留条件は、還流比率0.01〜10が好ましく、更に
好ましくは0.1〜3である。理論段数は0〜60段が
好ましく、更に好ましくは5〜30段である。蒸留は常
圧蒸留、減圧蒸留、加圧蒸留等の公知の手段を用いるこ
とができ、特に限定されるものではない。
Distillation is preferred as a method for obtaining the general formula (III). Distillation is performed by reacting the compound of the general formula (I
V) may be distilled off and distilled as it is, or after the reaction, the catalyst may be inactivated and then distilled.
The distillation conditions are preferably such that the reflux ratio is 0.01 to 10, and more preferably 0.1 to 3. The number of theoretical plates is preferably 0 to 60, more preferably 5 to 30. For the distillation, known means such as atmospheric distillation, reduced pressure distillation and pressure distillation can be used, and the distillation is not particularly limited.

【0029】蒸留は、最初に前記一般式(IV)が留去
され、次に前記一般式(I)や(II)が留去され、最
後に、目的物の前記一般式(III)で表される第3級
カルボン酸エステルが得られるので、前記一般式(I)
や(II)の原料カルボン酸エステル中に、微量のアル
コールが混入している場合でも、前記一般式(I)、
(II)、(IV)の留去中に除去することが可能にな
った。
In the distillation, the general formula (IV) is first distilled off, then the general formulas (I) and (II) are distilled off, and finally, the target compound represented by the general formula (III) is used. To obtain a tertiary carboxylic acid ester of the above formula (I)
Even when a trace amount of alcohol is mixed in the raw material carboxylic acid ester of (II) or (II), the above general formula (I),
It became possible to remove (II) and (IV) during the distillation.

【0030】本発明により得られる目的物の上記一般式
(III)で表される第3級カルボン酸エステルのガス
クロマトグラフィーによる純度は99.9%以上の高純
度品であり、ピバリン酸またはアルコールは全く検出さ
れなかった。特に、本発明によれば、カルボン酸とアル
コールの副生が実質的に起こらないため、高純度で目的
の第3級カルボン酸エステルを収率良く得ることがで
き、しかも、未反応の原料カルボン酸エステルは回収
し、再利用することが可能である特徴がある。
The tertiary carboxylic acid ester represented by the above general formula (III) obtained by the present invention is a highly pure product having a purity of 99.9% or more by gas chromatography, and is pivalic acid or alcohol. Was not detected at all. In particular, according to the present invention, since by-products of carboxylic acid and alcohol do not substantially occur, the desired tertiary carboxylic acid ester can be obtained with high purity in a high yield, and the unreacted starting carboxylic acid can be obtained. The acid ester is characterized in that it can be recovered and reused.

【0031】[0031]

【実施例】次に、実施例を挙げて本発明をさらに詳しく
説明するが、本発明は、その趣旨を超えない限り以下の
実施例に限定されるものではない。
EXAMPLES Next, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples as long as the gist thereof is not exceeded.

【0032】実施例1 300mL反応容器に、酢酸n−ヘキシル(144g、
1mol)、ピバリン酸メチル(116g、1mo
l)、ナトリウムメチラート(粉末,1.08g、20
mmol)を加え、理論段数10段の蒸留装置を組み、
全還流、常圧にて、115℃中で30分間加熱還流し
た。次に、常圧のまま、還流比率1にして酢酸メチルを
留出させながら反応を進めた。酢酸メチルが留出しなく
なったら、還流比率1のまま、25mmHgの減圧蒸留
にてピバリン酸メチル、酢酸n−ヘキシルを除去した。
続いて、目的のピバリン酸n−ヘキシル(留出温度:9
3℃/16mmHg)の蒸留精製を行い、151.1g
(収率81%)取得した。ガスクロマトグラフィーによ
るピバリン酸n−ヘキシルの純度は99.9%以上であ
り、ピバリン酸や、n−ヘキサノールは全く検出されな
かった。
Example 1 In a 300 mL reaction vessel, n-hexyl acetate (144 g,
1 mol), methyl pivalate (116 g, 1 mo
l), sodium methylate (powder, 1.08 g, 20
mmol) and a distillation apparatus with 10 theoretical plates is assembled,
The mixture was heated under reflux at 115 ° C. for 30 minutes under total reflux and atmospheric pressure. Next, the reaction was allowed to proceed while distilling methyl acetate at a reflux ratio of 1 under normal pressure. When methyl acetate was no longer distilled, methyl pivalate and n-hexyl acetate were removed by distillation under reduced pressure at 25 mmHg with the reflux ratio kept at 1.
Then, the target n-hexyl pivalate (distillation temperature: 9
Distillation and purification at 3 ° C / 16mmHg), 151.1g
(Yield 81%) The purity of n-hexyl pivalate by gas chromatography was 99.9% or higher, and pivalic acid and n-hexanol were not detected at all.

【0033】実施例2 300mL反応容器に、1%n−ヘキサノールを含有す
る酢酸n−ヘキシル(144g、1mol)、ピバリン
酸メチル(116g、1mol)、ナトリウムメチラー
ト(粉末,1.08g、20mmol)を加え、理論段
数10段の蒸留装置を組み、全還流、常圧にて、115
℃中で30分間加熱還流した。次に、常圧のまま、還流
比率1にして酢酸メチルを留出させながら反応を進め
た。酢酸メチルが留出しなくなったら、還流比率1のま
ま、25mmHgの減圧蒸留にてピバリン酸メチル、酢
酸n−ヘキシルを除去した。続いて、目的のピバリン酸
n−ヘキシル(留出温度:93℃/16mmHg)の蒸
留精製を行い、150.3g(収率81%)取得した。
ガスクロマトグラフィーによるピバリン酸n−ヘキシル
の純度は99.9%以上であり、ピバリン酸や、n−ヘ
キサノールは全く検出されなかった。
Example 2 In a 300 mL reaction vessel, n-hexyl acetate (144 g, 1 mol) containing 1% n-hexanol, methyl pivalate (116 g, 1 mol), sodium methylate (powder, 1.08 g, 20 mmol). Was added to a distillation apparatus with 10 theoretical plates, total reflux and atmospheric pressure were 115
The mixture was heated under reflux at 0 ° C for 30 minutes. Next, the reaction was allowed to proceed while distilling methyl acetate at a reflux ratio of 1 under normal pressure. When methyl acetate was no longer distilled, methyl pivalate and n-hexyl acetate were removed by distillation under reduced pressure at 25 mmHg with the reflux ratio kept at 1. Subsequently, the target n-hexyl pivalate (distillation temperature: 93 ° C./16 mmHg) was purified by distillation to obtain 150.3 g (yield 81%).
The purity of n-hexyl pivalate by gas chromatography was 99.9% or higher, and pivalic acid and n-hexanol were not detected at all.

【0034】実施例3 1L反応容器に酢酸n−ブチル(302g、2.6mo
l)、ピバリン酸メチル(302g、2.6mol)、
ナトリウムメチラート(粉末,2.70g、52mmo
l)を加え、理論段数10段の蒸留装置を組み、全還
流、常圧にて、90℃中で30分間加熱還流した。次
に、常圧のまま、還流比率1にして酢酸メチルを留出さ
せながら反応を進めた。酢酸メチルが留出しなくなった
ら、還流比率1のまま、90mmHgの減圧蒸留にてピ
バリン酸メチル、酢酸n−ブチルを除去した。続いて、
目的のピバリン酸n−ブチル(留出温度:94℃/90
mmHg)の蒸留精製を行い、330.4g(収率80
%)取得した。ガスクロマトグラフィーによるピバリン
酸n−ブチルの純度は99.9%以上であり、ピバリン
酸や、n−ブタノールは全く検出されなかった。
Example 3 n-Butyl acetate (302 g, 2.6 mo) was added to a 1 L reaction vessel.
l), methyl pivalate (302 g, 2.6 mol),
Sodium methylate (powder, 2.70 g, 52 mmo
1) was added, a distillation apparatus with 10 theoretical plates was assembled, and the mixture was refluxed under heating at 90 ° C. for 30 minutes under total reflux and atmospheric pressure. Next, the reaction was allowed to proceed while distilling methyl acetate at a reflux ratio of 1 under normal pressure. When methyl acetate stopped distilling off, methyl pivalate and n-butyl acetate were removed by vacuum distillation at 90 mmHg while maintaining the reflux ratio at 1. continue,
Target n-butyl pivalate (distillation temperature: 94 ° C / 90
mmHg) was purified by distillation to give 330.4 g (yield 80
%) Acquired. The purity of n-butyl pivalate by gas chromatography was 99.9% or higher, and pivalic acid and n-butanol were not detected at all.

【0035】比較例1 1L反応容器にピバリン酸(202g、2mol)、n
−ブタノール(593mg、4mol)、硫酸(10
g、5mol%)を加え、Dean−Starkを装備
し、脱水しながら9時間還流を行った。反応液を冷却
後、15wt%のNaOH水溶液を500mL加え、室
温で攪拌し、有機層を飽和食塩水で2回洗浄した後、硫
酸マグネシウムで乾燥した。次いで減圧蒸留(94℃/
90mmHg)により反応粗生成物から目的のピバリン
酸ブチルが231.1g(収率73%)得られたが、ガ
スクロマトグラフィーによる純度測定の結果は89%で
あり、ピバリン酸ブチル中にピバリン酸が9%とn−ブ
タノールが2%混入していた。
Comparative Example 1 Pivalic acid (202 g, 2 mol), n in a 1 L reaction vessel
-Butanol (593 mg, 4 mol), sulfuric acid (10
g, 5 mol%) was added, and equipped with Dean-Stark, refluxed for 9 hours while dehydrating. After cooling the reaction solution, 500 mL of a 15 wt% NaOH aqueous solution was added, the mixture was stirred at room temperature, the organic layer was washed twice with saturated saline, and then dried over magnesium sulfate. Then vacuum distillation (94 ° C /
The target butyl pivalate was obtained in an amount of 231.1 g (yield 73%) from the reaction crude product by 90 mmHg), but the result of the purity measurement by gas chromatography was 89%, and pivalic acid was found in butyl pivalate. 9% and 2% of n-butanol were mixed.

【0036】比較例2 300mL反応容器にピバリン酸メチル(116g、1
mol)、n−ブタノール(74g、1mol)、ナト
リウムメチラート(1.08g、20mmol)を加
え、実施例1と同様に反応を行った。減圧蒸留より、ピ
バリン酸ブチルが124g(収率78%)得られた。ガ
スクロマトグラフィーによる純度測定の結果は99.5
%であり、0.4%のブタノールが混入していた。
Comparative Example 2 Methyl pivalate (116 g, 1
mol), n-butanol (74 g, 1 mol) and sodium methylate (1.08 g, 20 mmol) were added and the reaction was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1. By distillation under reduced pressure, 124 g of butyl pivalate (yield 78%) was obtained. The result of the purity measurement by gas chromatography is 99.5.
%, But 0.4% butanol was contaminated.

【0037】[0037]

【発明の効果】本発明によると、二種類のカルボン酸エ
ステルのエステル交換反応により、高い収率で第3級カ
ルボン酸エステルを合成することができる。また、本発
明によれば、安価に、かつ工業的に優れたプロセスによ
り、従来の合成法では達成し得なかった、カルボン酸、
アルコール含まない高純度の第3級アルコールを提供す
ることができる。
According to the present invention, the tertiary carboxylic acid ester can be synthesized in a high yield by the transesterification reaction of two kinds of carboxylic acid ester. Further, according to the present invention, a carboxylic acid, which cannot be achieved by a conventional synthesis method, at a low cost and by an industrially excellent process,
It is possible to provide a highly pure tertiary alcohol containing no alcohol.

───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き Fターム(参考) 4H006 AA02 AC13 AC48 BA02 BA28 BA32 BA36 BA52 BA67 4H039 CA66 CD40    ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page    F-term (reference) 4H006 AA02 AC13 AC48 BA02 BA28                       BA32 BA36 BA52 BA67                 4H039 CA66 CD40

Claims (3)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項1】 下記一般式(I)、 【化1】 (式中、R、R、RおよびXは、それぞれ独立し
てメチル基またはエチル基を示す。)で表される第3級
カルボン酸エステルおよび下記一般式(II)、 【化2】 (式中、Rは、メチル基またはエチル基を示し、R
は炭素数2〜20の炭化水素基を示す。)で表されるカ
ルボン酸エステルとのエステル交換反応によって下記一
般式(III)、 【化3】 (式中、R、R、Rは、それぞれ独立してメチル
基またはエチル基を示し、Rは炭素数2〜20の炭化
水素基を示す。但し、Xがエチル基の場合、Rは炭素
数3〜20の炭化水素基を示す。)で表される第3級カ
ルボン酸エステルを製造するに際し、上記一般式(I)
および上記一般式(II)のカルボン酸エステルを触媒
中、エステル交換反応させることを特徴とする第3級カ
ルボン酸エステルの製造方法。
1. The following general formula (I): (In the formula, R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and X each independently represent a methyl group or an ethyl group.) And a tertiary carboxylic acid ester represented by the following general formula (II): ] (In the formula, R 5 represents a methyl group or an ethyl group, and R 4
Represents a hydrocarbon group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms. ) By a transesterification reaction with a carboxylic acid ester represented by the following general formula (III): (Wherein, R 1, R 2, R 3 each independently represents a methyl or ethyl group, R 4 represents a hydrocarbon group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms. However, when X is an ethyl group, R 4 represents a hydrocarbon group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms.) In producing a tertiary carboxylic acid ester represented by the formula (I),
And a method for producing a tertiary carboxylic acid ester, which comprises subjecting the carboxylic acid ester of the general formula (II) to a transesterification reaction in a catalyst.
【請求項2】 前記触媒が、金属アルコラート、金属
水素化物、鉱酸、アリールスルホン酸およびルイス酸か
ら選ばれる少なくと1種である請求項1に記載の第3級
カルボン酸エステルの製造方法。
2. The method for producing a tertiary carboxylic acid ester according to claim 1, wherein the catalyst is at least one selected from metal alcoholates, metal hydrides, mineral acids, arylsulfonic acids and Lewis acids.
【請求項3】 前記一般式(III)と共に副生する
下記一般式(IV)、 【化4】 (式中、Rは、メチル基またはエチル基を示し、Xは
メチル基またはエチル基を示す。)で表されるカルボン
酸エステルは、前記一般式(III)より沸点が低いこ
とを特徴をする請求項1に記載の第3級カルボン酸エス
テルの製造方法。
3. The following general formula (IV), which is by-produced together with the general formula (III), embedded image (In the formula, R 5 represents a methyl group or an ethyl group, and X represents a methyl group or an ethyl group.) The carboxylic acid ester represented by the general formula (III) has a lower boiling point. The method for producing the tertiary carboxylic acid ester according to claim 1.
JP2001210301A 2001-07-11 2001-07-11 Method for producing tertiary carboxylic acid ester Expired - Fee Related JP4470348B2 (en)

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Country Link
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109503378A (en) * 2018-12-06 2019-03-22 沈阳化工大学 A method of passing through ester transesterification path synthesizing propionate

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109503378A (en) * 2018-12-06 2019-03-22 沈阳化工大学 A method of passing through ester transesterification path synthesizing propionate

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