JP2003013783A - Control device of equipment loaded actuator and its adjusting method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent energy loss and abrasion of equipment loaded with an actuator to extend in accordance with quantity of energy to hold by electrification. SOLUTION: This control device is devised so that actuation of injectors 1 having a piezo-actuator 67 is not dispersed among the injectors even when there are individual differences in the injectors 1 and excess energy is not supplied to a piezo-actuator 67 by previously memorizing a charging voltage values capable of supplying energy required to make the injectors 1 loading the piezo- actuator 67 in a specified working state in an individual data memorizing means 273 respectively for the injectors 1 and setting charging voltage of each piezo- actuator 67 in accordance with the memorized charging voltages by an electrification content setting means 271.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to reduction of operation variation of an actuator-equipped device having an actuator.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As an actuator that operates by energization, there is an actuator that deforms according to the amount of energy held by energization and generates a pressing force, such as a piezoelectric actuator or a magnetostrictive actuator. Hydraulic control valves and injectors have been proposed as actuator-mounted devices having such actuators.

In an application to a fuel injection device for a common rail type diesel engine, an actuator is used, for example, for generating a driving force for a needle that switches between fuel injection and stop. Further, in an injector having a configuration in which the displacement of the needle is switched by increasing or decreasing the fuel pressure in the back pressure chamber formed on the rear end face side of the needle, switching between discharging and prohibiting fuel from the back pressure chamber is performed. Used for hydraulic control valve that switches between high and low.

In this fuel injection, the fuel injection is performed in response to the operation of the actuator for switching the driving force for the needle and the fuel pressure in the back pressure chamber. Therefore, the fuel injection timing and injection amount depend on the switching timing of the operation of the actuator. Stipulated. The switching of the operation of the actuator is controlled by the ECU as the actuator control device.

On the other hand, hydraulic control valves and injectors have individual differences due to manufacturing variations and the like. Therefore, even if the actuator is energized at the same timing, the internal combustion engine causes a difference in fuel injection timing and injection amount. There is a possibility that it may not be possible to meet the recent demands for reducing exhaust gas. Therefore, there is a method in which the injection characteristic of each injector is measured in advance, and the control parameter that defines the operation timing and operation time of the actuator in the ECU is corrected according to the measured injection characteristic. The correction value of the control parameter is read out from the one written in the memory of the ECU, and the writing in the memory is performed by, for example, a bar code corresponding to the correction value on the surface of the injector whose injection characteristic has been measured. Is formed, and this is read and written in the memory (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-332142).

[0006]

By the way, if the operating characteristics of the actuator alone determine the operating state of the actuator-equipped device, the operating state of the actuator-equipped device does not vary greatly, but unlike the injector described above, If the actuator has a complicated mechanism and the hydraulic pressure is interposed between the actuator and the valve body or needle, the operating state tends to vary among individuals. For example, in some injectors, the pressing force of the actuator required to separate the valve body and needle is relatively insufficient,
It may happen that the valve body and the needle are not seated stably. In this case, it is conceivable to set the amount of energy supplied to the actuator to a sufficiently large amount with a margin to secure the necessary pressing force.

However, in an engine in which the frequency of operation of the actuator is high, such as an engine that injects fuel a huge number of times, if the amount of energy supplied is too large, the loss is large. Excessive energy supply to the actuator causes a large amount of heat generation and accelerates wear of the hydraulic control valve and each member of the injector. This causes a change in the injection characteristics of the injector over time, and it is disclosed in JP-A-7-33214.
Even if the technique disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 2 is adopted, it is not always possible to realize highly accurate fuel injection.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances,
An object of the present invention is to provide a control device for an actuator-mounted device that can easily control the supplied energy of the actuator to a proper energy without excess and deficiency and a method for adjusting the same.

[0009]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, in a controller for an actuator-equipped device having an actuator that deforms according to the amount of energy held by energization, the actuator-equipped device is brought into a predetermined operating state. Individual data storage means for storing in advance individual data for specifying the energization content capable of supplying the actuator with the energy required for the actuator, and the energization content setting for setting the energization content of the actuator based on the individual data. And a configuration including means.

Since the contents of energization capable of supplying the actuator with the energy required to bring the actuator-mounted device into a predetermined operating state are known to each actuator-mounted device, even if the actuator-mounted device has individual differences, the operating state Can be suppressed. Further, it is possible to prevent the change in the injection characteristics with time due to the loss of energy or wear.

According to a second aspect of the invention, in the structure of the first aspect of the invention, the energization content setting means is configured to transmit individual data based on a difference between an actual operating condition of the actuator-equipped device and a reference operating condition. Set to convert to data under actual operating conditions.

Even if the operating condition changes, the content of energization is such that the energy required to bring the actuator-equipped device into a predetermined operating state under the operating condition can be supplied. Also, because individual data under the standard operating conditions are converted to data under the actual operating conditions of the actuator,
It is not necessary to have individual data for each of a wide range of operating conditions, and the individual data storage means does not become large in scale.

According to a third aspect of the invention, in the configuration of the second aspect of the invention, the operating condition includes the temperature of the actuator.

Even if the correspondence between the energization content of the actuator and the energy changes due to the temperature fluctuation, the energization content can follow this well, and proper energy can be supplied.

According to a fourth aspect of the invention, in the configuration of the second or third aspect of the invention, the operating condition includes the magnitude of the load applied to the actuator.

Even if the correspondence between the operating state such as the deformation of the actuator and the energy changes due to the load applied to the actuator, the energization content follows this well and the appropriate energy is obtained. Can be supplied.

According to a fifth aspect of the invention, in the structure of the second to fourth aspects of the invention, the operating condition includes the extension amount of the actuator.

It is possible to properly follow the required expansion amount of the actuator and supply appropriate energy.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the structure of the second to fifth aspects, the reference operating condition is a predetermined common operating condition.

Actuating between actuators without depending on the operating conditions without additionally storing the operating conditions when the energization contents capable of supplying the energy required to bring the actuators into a predetermined state are individually measured. Can be arranged.

According to a seventh aspect of the invention, in the structure of the first to sixth aspects of the invention, the actuator is a piezoelectric actuator, and the energization content is a charging voltage of the actuator.

Since the contents of energization capable of supplying the energy required to bring the actuator-mounted device to be controlled into a predetermined operating state are known, the actuator-mounted device is controlled by only the charging voltage without monitoring the energy itself. The device can be brought into a predetermined operating state.

According to an eighth aspect of the invention, in the configuration of the first to sixth aspects of the invention, the actuator is a magnetostrictive actuator, and the energization content is a magnetic field forming current of the actuator.

With respect to the actuator-equipped device to be controlled, it is known that the energization content can supply the energy required to bring the actuator into a predetermined operating state. Therefore, the actuator is controlled by only the magnetic field forming current without monitoring the energy itself. The mounted device can be brought into a predetermined operating state.

Each of the above inventions is the same as the invention of claim 9,
The actuator-mounted device can be particularly suitably applied to the case where the actuator-equipped device is a valve body for needle lift control by the actuator or an injector in which the needle is displaced.

According to a tenth aspect of the invention, in the structure of the ninth aspect of the invention, the actuator is acted on by fuel pressure supplied from a common rail as the load, and the energization content setting means is set to the actual fuel. The energization contents are set to be corrected according to the difference between the pressure and the fuel pressure under the standard operating condition.

Since proper energy can be supplied to the actuator even if the common rail pressure acting on the actuator fluctuates, lift control of the valve element or needle can be performed with high accuracy.

According to an eleventh aspect of the present invention, in the method for preparing each control device according to the first to tenth aspects, an information storage medium for storing information corresponding to the individual data is provided in advance for each actuator, and each actuator is individually provided. The information in the information storage medium is transferred to the individual data storage means of the controller combined with the actuator.

Since the information corresponding to the individual data is substantially transferred from the actuator-equipped device to the control device, it is possible to easily and easily combine the actuator-equipped device without attaching a form or the like in which the individual data is described to the actuator-equipped device. The individual data will be known at the controller.

According to a twelfth aspect of the invention, in the configuration of the eleventh aspect of the invention, the individual data storage means is constituted by a non-volatile memory, and the information storage medium is provided on the surface of an actuator or a device on which the actuator is mounted. It is configured by the formed optically readable code pattern, the code pattern is read by the optical scanner, and the individual data of the actuator is written in the individual data storage means based on the read data.

Reading individual data from the information storage medium does not require electrical connection with the actuator and the work is simple. For example, in the process of assembling an actuator-equipped device into an apparatus having the actuator as a component. The individual data can be read at.

[0032]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 shows the configuration of a common rail type fuel injection device for a diesel engine to which the present invention is applied. Injectors 1 which are actuator-equipped devices for the number of cylinders of a diesel engine are provided corresponding to each cylinder (only one injector 1 is shown in the figure), and fuel is supplied from a common common rail 24 that communicates via a supply line 25. The fuel is injected from the injector 1 into the combustion chamber of the corresponding cylinder at an injection pressure substantially equal to the fuel pressure in the common rail 24 (hereinafter referred to as common rail pressure). The fuel in the fuel tank 21 is pressure-fed by the high-pressure supply pump 23 and stored in the common rail 24 at high pressure.

The fuel supplied from the common rail 24 to the injector 1 is used not only for injection into the combustion chamber but also as hydraulic pressure for controlling the injector 1. The fuel is supplied from the injector 1 through the drain line 26 to a low pressure source. It returns to a certain fuel tank 21.

The injector 1 is shown in FIGS. 2 (A) and 2 (B).
2 shows a configuration of a main part of an engine body to which is mounted. The engine body is formed by covering a cylinder head 32 above a cylinder block 31, and a piston 41 is slidably held in a cylinder 301 formed in the cylinder block 31. A combustion chamber 302 is formed between the piston 41 and the cylinder head 32. Cylinder head 32
Is formed with an intake port 303 communicating with the intake manifold and an exhaust port 304 communicating with the exhaust manifold, and an intake valve 42 for switching communication and blocking of the intake port 303 and the cylinder 301, and the exhaust port 3.
An exhaust valve 43 is provided for switching communication between 04 and the cylinder 301 and blocking.

The intake valve 42 and the exhaust valve 43 are open valves, each of which is composed of an umbrella-shaped head and a shaft-shaped stem, and each stem has an intake port 303 and an exhaust port 304.
Cylindrical guides 34, 35 provided through the upper wall of the
And is projected on the cylinder head 32.

Opening / closing of the intake valve 42 and the exhaust valve 43 is performed by valve operating mechanisms 44 and 45 provided on the cylinder head 32. The valve operating mechanisms 44 and 45 operate with the power transmitted from the camshafts 46 and 47.

A head cover 33 is attached to the cylinder head 32. The head cover 33 includes two cover bodies 33 that are long in the axial direction of the camshafts 46 and 47.
1, 332, one cover body 331 covers the intake valve valve mechanism and the cam shaft 46, and the other cover body 332 covers the exhaust valve valve mechanism 45 and the cam shaft 47.

A vertical through hole is formed in the central portion of the cylinder head 32 which is not covered by the head cover 33 sandwiched between the intake valve operating mechanism 44 and the exhaust valve operating mechanism 45, and the injector 1 is attached thereto. It is provided as a mounting hole 305. The mounting hole 305 has a stepped shape with a small diameter at the lower end, and when the injector 1 is inserted into the mounting hole 305, the stepped portion 3 of the mounting hole 305.
The injector 1 is positioned at 05a. Only the small-diameter tip portion 11 of the injector 1 projects into the combustion chamber 302. Also, the mounting hole step surface 3 for receiving the injector 1
The gasket 37 is disposed on the combustion chamber 301a.
Keeps hermetically sealed.

In the injector 1, the protruding portion 12 protruding from the upper surface of the cylinder head 32 is held by the clamp 36.

The injector 1 has an inlet portion 13 for receiving fuel supply and a return portion 14 for recovering surplus fuel extending laterally, and the connector portion 1 at the uppermost portion.
5 is provided. The connector part 15 is a molded product such as a resin mold, and has a connection port 151 protruding laterally so as to receive a plug provided at an end part of a wire extending from the actuator drive circuit 26.

A QR code pattern 16, which is a code pattern, is formed on the top surface of the connector portion 15. QR
The code is one of two-dimensional codes and is printed by using a laser marker or the like. The QR code pattern 16 can be read by an optical scanner as described later.

FIG. 3 shows a cross section of the injector 1. The injector 1 is formed by stacking a plurality of substantially columnar or disk-shaped housings 51, 52, 53, 54 in the axial direction and integrating them by a sleeve-shaped retainer 55, and forms a fuel passage 101 and the like therein. A space and a space for accommodating the needle 61 and the like are formed.

The housing member 51 on the lowermost end side is a nozzle body, and a guide hole 501 whose upper end is closed by the housing member 52 immediately above the housing member 51 is formed, and the lower end thereof is connected to the sack portion 103.
The sack portion 103 communicates with a fuel injection hole 104. A round bar-shaped needle 61 having a small diameter on the lower side is slidably held in the guide hole 501 at its large diameter portion, and can be displaced within a range defined by the difference between the length and the length of the guide hole 501. Is. When the needle 61 is at the lower end position, the needle 61 sits on the nozzle seat 103a formed on the upper end of the sack portion 103 to close the sack portion 103.

On the outer periphery of the needle 61, the high pressure passage 101
There is provided an annular fuel reservoir 102 leading to the. Fuel pressurized from the common rail 24 is introduced into the high-pressure passage 101. The introduced fuel acts on the annular step surface 61 a of the needle 61 and always urges the needle 61 upward, and when the needle 61 is lifted, it is injected from the injection hole 104 via the sack portion 103.

Further, the needle 61 is inserted in the guide hole 501.
A coil spring 71 is urged downward to urge the needle 61 downward. In the guide hole 501, the back pressure chamber 105 is provided above the needle 61, and the high pressure passage 10 is provided.
High-pressure fuel is always introduced from 1 through the sub-orifice 106. The fuel pressure in the back pressure chamber 105 acts on the upper end surface 61b of the needle 61 to urge the needle 61 downward.

The fuel in the back pressure chamber 105 can be switched by the hydraulic control valve 1a. The hydraulic control valve 1a is provided in the back pressure chamber 10
5 and the valve chamber 10 communicating with the main orifice 107
8 and a valve element 62 arranged on the valve element 8. Valve chamber 10
A drain port 109 is opened on the conical ceiling surface of 8, and the drain port 109 communicates with the fuel tank 21 via a spill chamber 111 and a drain passage 112.
On the bottom surface of the valve chamber 108, a high pressure port 110 communicating with the high pressure passage 101 is provided directly below the drain port 109.
Is open.

The valve body 62 is a ball-shaped member whose lower side is horizontally cut, and the drain port 10 is moved by upward displacement.
9 is seated on the annular seat (hereinafter, referred to as a drain seat) 108a at the outer peripheral edge of the opening 9 to close the drain port 109, and the downward displacement causes the annular seat at the outer peripheral edge of the high pressure port 110 (hereinafter, the high pressure seat). Called) 108
Sit in b and close high pressure port 110.

Therefore, the valve element 62 is the drain port 1
When 09 is closed, the discharge of fuel from the back pressure chamber 105 is prohibited and the back pressure chamber 105 becomes a high pressure substantially equal to the common rail pressure. At this time, if each part is set so that the downward biasing force on the needle 61 becomes dominant, the needle 61 can be seated. On the other hand, when the valve body 62 opens the drain port 109 and closes the high pressure port 110, the fuel in the back pressure chamber 105 flows back to the fuel tank 21 via the drain port 109. As a result, the fuel pressure in the back pressure chamber 105 is reduced to the fuel pressure defined by the fuel discharge flow rate depending on the throttle amounts of the sub-orifice 106 and the main orifice 107. At this time, the needle 61 can be lifted by setting the throttle amount and the like so that the downward urging force on the needle 61 is inferior.

The drive means for the hydraulic control valve 1a will be described. Vertical holes 502 and 503 which are continuous with the spill chamber 111 are formed above the spill chamber 111, and the small vertical hole 502 on the side of the spill chamber 111 is a small diameter cylinder 502 that slidably holds a small diameter piston 63. The other large-diameter vertical hole 503 is a large-diameter cylinder 503 that slidably holds the large-diameter piston 64. Small diameter piston 63
Has a pin-shaped lower end from the drain port 109 to the valve chamber 10
It is possible to come into contact with the valve body 62 by advancing into the inside. Both pistons 6
The space partitioned by 3, 64 is filled with fuel, and the space forms a hydraulic chamber 113.

The upper end of the large-diameter piston 64 is connected to a piston member 66 that receives a piezo actuator 67. The piston member 66 is the large-diameter piston 6 with the vertical hole 503.
4 side and the piezo actuator 67 side are separated, and the O-ring 73 provided along the annular groove on the side surface is liquid-tightly sealed between the side surface of the vertical hole 503.

The piezo actuator 67 is provided between the upper end surface of the piston member 66 and the ceiling surface of the vertical hole 503. The piezo actuator 67 has a general structure in which piezoelectric ceramic layers such as PZT and electrode layers are alternately laminated in the movable direction of the piston member 66, and expands and contracts by charging and discharging by the actuator drive circuit 28.

A portion of the vertical hole 503 below the piston member 66 is a spring chamber 114, and the spring 72 arranged therein maintains the piston member 66 and the piezo actuator 67 in contact with each other. , A constant initial load is applied to the piezo actuator 67.

The spring chamber 114 communicates with the T-shaped passage 115 formed in the large-diameter piston 64 and also with the drain passage 112. A check valve 65 is provided in the middle of the T-shaped passage 115. The check valve 65 includes a flat valve 651 having a pinhole 116 formed at a position through which the T-shaped passage 115 passes and a disc spring 652 that biases the flat valve 651 upward, and closes when the hydraulic chamber 113 side is pressurized. Hydraulic chamber 1
13 is to be closed.

The housing member 54 also has a passage 117 that connects the spring chamber 114 and the drain passage 112.
A blind plug 56 is provided to close the hole when the hole is formed.

When the piezo actuator 67 is charged and extends, and the piston member 66 and the large-diameter piston 64 are pushed down, the fuel in the hydraulic chamber 113 is pressurized and the small-diameter piston 63 is displaced downward. The displacement amount of the small-diameter piston 63 at this time is the displacement amount of the large-diameter piston 64 enlarged according to the cross-sectional area ratio of the two pistons 63, 64 (hereinafter, the hydraulic chamber 113 is referred to as the displacement enlargement chamber 113). . Then, when the piezo actuator 67 is charged, the valve body 62 is lifted from the drain seat 108a and seated on the high pressure seat 108b to lift the needle 61, while the piezo actuator 67 is discharged,
The valve body 62 lifts from the high pressure seat 108b and is seated on the drain seat 108a, and the needle 61 is seated. That is, the injection timing and injection time (amount) of fuel are defined by the timing of charging and discharging the piezo actuator 67.

In addition, the piezoelectric actuator 6 can be charged.
If the energy held in 7 is set low, the displacement amount of the large-diameter piston 64 becomes small, so that the valve body 62 is in a half-lift state in which it is not seated on the high pressure seat 108b even if lifted from the drain seat 108a. The flow rate of the fuel discharged from the back pressure chamber 105 at this time is smaller than that when the valve body 62 is seated on the high pressure seat 108b, and the decrease range of the fuel pressure in the back pressure chamber 105 is also small. Back pressure chamber 105 at this time
If the lift amount of the valve element 62 is controlled so that the fuel pressure of the above is higher than the pressure at which the needle 61 can be lifted, the common rail pressure is reduced while the needle 62 remains seated. When the fuel injection pressure suddenly needs to be lowered due to a sudden change in the operating state, the common rail 24 can be depressurized with good responsiveness.

The actuator drive circuit 28 is composed of a DC-DC converter or the like, which uses a battery (not shown) as a power supply, and switches between charging and discharging of the piezo actuator 67 based on a control signal from the ECU 27. The control signal is, for example, a binary signal composed of “H” and “L”, and the actuator drive circuit 28 charges the piezo actuator 67 at its rising edge and discharges it at its falling edge. The piezo actuator 67 is charged while monitoring the voltage across the piezoelectric actuator 67 (hereinafter, appropriately referred to as piezo actuator voltage), and the charging is completed when the target voltage is reached. Further, the target voltage is the ECU 27
It is variable depending on the target voltage signal input from. The target voltage signal is given as, for example, a signal proportional to the magnitude of the target voltage, and the actuator drive circuit 28 can know the completion of charging from the binary output of the comparator that compares the target voltage signal with the monitor voltage.

The ECU 27, which is a control device, has a general structure including a microcomputer, etc.
71, a RAM 272 as a work area thereof, and a CPU 2
The control program is executed by 71 and the ROM 273, which is a non-volatile memory in which data of the reference voltage V0 and the reference actuator temperature T0, which are the features of the present invention, are stored. The control program executed by the ECU 27 has the same basic setting as that of the conventional one. The fuel injection timing and the fuel injection amount are calculated based on the detection signal such as the crank angle, and the control signal is output at the corresponding timing. Further, the target voltage is set as described above and the target voltage signal is output.

FIG. 4 shows a control procedure executed on the CPU 271 of the ECU 27. This is a procedure as an energization content setting means. First, the actuator temperature T, the common rail pressure P, and the lift amount L are read (step S11).

Here, the actuator temperature T is the temperature of the piezo actuator 67, and can be obtained by directly providing a temperature sensor on the piezo actuator 67 or by providing a temperature sensor on the surface of the injector 1 and converting from the detected temperature. It may also be converted from the cooling water temperature or estimated from the operating state. Further, since the capacitance of the piezo actuator 67 changes according to the actuator temperature, it may be obtained by applying a weak AC voltage to the piezo actuator 67 and measuring the capacitance from the resonance characteristic.

Further, the common rail pressure P is the pressure sensor 29.
The detected pressure of is read.

The lift amount L is the displacement amount of the large diameter piston 64. L is the reference lift amount L0 during normal fuel injection
Is. Further, when the common rail 24 is depressurized, such as during deceleration fuel cut or when the actual common rail pressure is higher than the target pressure and the depressurization control is performed between injection controls, the reference lift amount L0 is multiplied by the coefficient n. NL0, which is smaller than the reference lift amount L0.

Next, the respective reference values are subtracted from the actuator temperature T, the common rail pressure P and the lift amount L to calculate the changes ΔT, ΔP and ΔL from the reference values (step S12). Here, the reference actuator temperature T0 and the reference common rail pressure P0, which are reference values, are stored in advance in the ROM 273 together with the reference lift amount L0.

Then, based on the equation (1), the target voltage V
Is calculated (step S13), and a target voltage signal proportional to this value is output to the actuator drive circuit 28.

[0065]

[Equation 1]

V0, α, β and γ in the equation are also stored in the ROM 27 in advance.
It is stored in 3. As will be described later, the reference voltage V0 is a charging voltage at which the actuator temperature T, the common rail pressure P and the lift amount L are based on the reference values T0, P0 and L0, and is the individual data measured for each piezo actuator 67. is there. The reference voltage V0 and the reference actuator temperature T0 that are read correspond to the injection cylinder. The reference values P0 and L0 are for all injectors 1.
Is common to.

The procedure for measuring the reference voltage V0 and the reference actuator temperature T0 will be described. When the injector maker completes the assembly of the injector 1,
Set each injector 1 in the injection test device,
Pre-set predetermined energization time, reference common rail pressure P0
The following predetermined operations are performed below. The charging voltage V0 reached at that time is measured. This work is performed, for example, in the final step in the injector maker.

Here, as the charging voltage generally increases, the lift amount of the valve element 62 increases, but the predetermined operating state here is the full lift state. And the reference voltage V
Set 0 as follows: The fuel injection is repeated and the injection amount is measured. On the condition that the average of the injection amount at that time is included in the design tolerance range, the minimum voltage value of the charging voltages that can keep the injection amount variation below the predetermined stability limit value is V0. And

On the other hand, the charge current to the piezo actuator 67 is measured and integrated until the charge voltage V0 is reached, and the amount of charge supplied to the piezo actuator 67 is obtained. Then, the charge amount is divided by the charging voltage V0 to obtain the reference piezoelectric actuator temperature T0. This means that the capacitance of the piezo actuator 67 is directly calculated, but since the capacitance increases in proportion to the temperature, it serves as an index of the actuator temperature.

The lift amount L = nL0 corresponds to the half lift of the valve element 62, and the target voltage at this time is
It is set so that the injection amount of the injector 1 is 0 and a voltage that maximizes the drain amount from the back pressure chamber 105 of the injector 1 is given. Since this voltage and the charging voltage (reference voltage V0) corresponding to the full lift have a constant ratio regardless of the individual difference of the injector 1, the coefficient n that regulates the lift amount of the half lift is almost the same among the individual injectors 1. There is no variation, and a common value is stored in the ROM 273 of the ECU 27.

The procedure for writing the measured reference voltage V0 and reference actuator temperature T0 to the ROM 273 will be described later. Further, α, β, γ are change amounts ΔT, ΔP, Δ
It is a coefficient for calculating the target voltage V according to L.

In the ECU 27, the piezo actuator 67
Since the target voltage V is set according to the equation (1) based on the reference voltage V0 and the reference actuator temperature T0, the following effects are obtained.

(Effect of Actuator Temperature) The amount of extension of the piezo actuator 67 is defined by the energy held therein. As described above, the charging of the piezo actuator 67 depends on whether the piezo actuator voltage reaches the target voltage V or not. Determine if charging is complete. Figure 5
The charge voltage at which the required energy E0 is supplied is investigated for a plurality of injectors having the same specifications. The charging voltage that gives the required energy E0 is the actuator temperature T.
It is known that it changes by. This is because the held energy differs depending on the capacitance C of the piezo actuator 67.

Here, the energy required to bring the valve element 62 into a predetermined operating state (full lift) as described above is E
If the actuator temperature T rises from the reference temperature T0 by .DELTA.T, the capacitance C becomes C0 due to the temperature coefficient .alpha.
Since (1 + αΔT), if only the actuator temperature T deviates from the standard operating condition, the energy E
The charging voltage v required to supply 0 is given by equation (2).

[0075]

[Equation 2]

Therefore, by setting the target voltage V for charging as in the equation (1), energy is properly supplied to the piezo actuator 67 even if the actuator temperature T changes.

Further, as is known from FIG. 5, the charging voltage to which the required energy E0 is supplied varies depending on the individual difference of the injector, but since the reference voltage V0 is measured for each injector, the individual injector The difference is absorbed. Further, variations in the capacitance of the piezo actuator 67 are also absorbed.

(Regarding Influence of Common Rail Pressure) When the common rail pressure P increases, the upward biasing force to the valve body 62, that is, the drag force when the piezo actuator 67 expands, increases. The required energy increases proportionally from E0. Figure 6
Is an investigation of charging voltage at which a predetermined lift amount is obtained for a plurality of injectors having the same specifications, and it is known that the charging voltage changes depending on the common rail pressure. The energy E at this time is E0 (1 + βΔP), where β is the energy load coefficient, and therefore the common rail pressure P
If only the deviation from the reference operating condition, the required charging voltage v is given by equation (3).

[0079]

[Equation 3]

Therefore, by setting the target voltage V for charging as in equation (1), energy is properly supplied to the piezo actuator 67 even if the common rail pressure P changes.

Further, as is known from FIG. 6, the charging voltage to which the required energy E0 is supplied varies depending on the individual difference of the injector, but since the reference voltage V0 is measured for each injector, the individual injector The difference is also absorbed.

(Regarding Effect of Lift Amount) When the required lift amount of the large-diameter piston 64, that is, the extension amount of the piezo actuator 67 increases, the required energy becomes E0.
Increase proportionally. FIG. 7 is a graph showing the relationship between the lift amount and the charging voltage for a plurality of injectors having the same specifications. The energy E at this time is E0 (1 + γΔL), where γ is the lift amount coefficient of energy, so that if only the lift amount deviates from the standard operating condition, the required charging voltage v is given by equation (4). .

[0083]

[Equation 4]

Therefore, by setting the target voltage for charging as in equation (1), energy is properly supplied to the piezo actuator 67 even if the lift amount L changes due to the pressure reduction control.

Further, as is known from FIG. 7, the charging voltage to which the required energy E0 is supplied varies depending on the individual difference of the injector, but since the reference voltage V0 is measured for each injector 1, Individual differences are absorbed.

Note that the lift amount L in the formula (4) is meaningful only in the ratio to the reference lift amount L0, and may not be the actual lift amount. For example, the formula (1) may be calculated with L0 = 1. Good. Alternatively, since the valve body 62 takes only two values, a full lift corresponding to normal fuel injection control and a half lift corresponding to pressure reduction control of the common rail pressure, two types of coefficients for multiplying V0 are stored correspondingly. You can just leave it.

As described above, the injector 1 can be brought into the desired operating state regardless of the individual difference of the injector 1 and the change of the operating condition, so that the lift amount of the valve element 62 can be easily controlled. Further, it is possible to prevent the change in the injection characteristics with time due to the loss of energy or wear.

Since the actuator temperature T fluctuates slowly and does not change abruptly, the intake may be performed in a span longer than the common rail pressure P or the like.

Further, the reference voltage V0 is the injector 1
However, it may be obtained by measuring the valve body 62 which is in a predetermined operating state so as to be a half lift. That is, the charge voltage of the piezo actuator 67 is changed under the condition that the injection amount is 0, and the drain amount of the fuel from the injector 1 is measured. The voltage value when the drain amount is maximum is V0. Also in this case, the charging voltage corresponding to the half lift and the charging voltage corresponding to the full lift have a constant ratio irrespective of the individual difference of the injector 1. Therefore, the valve body 62 is half lifted when the deceleration fuel is cut. In this case, the target voltage V is calculated assuming that the lift amount L is a predetermined reference lift amount (may be 1 as described above), and in the normal injection control, that is, in the control in which the valve body 62 is fully lifted. The target voltage V at this time is calculated according to the ratio of the lift amount at the time of full lift to the reference lift amount.

Further, the reference voltage may be defined by the charging voltage when the valve body 62 is set in another state different from full lift and half lift. For example, when the injection amount is 0 and the drain amount from the injector 1 is the minimum, that is, the maximum voltage in a state where there is only natural leakage of each part of the injector 1 (that is, the drain amount is the minimum, the valve 62 Maximum lift amount (predetermined operating condition)
May be used as the reference voltage. In this case, the target voltage V in the full lift state and the half lift state is set according to the ratio of the lift amount to the lift amount of the valve body 62 in the predetermined operating state.

Next, the procedure for writing the reference voltage V0 and the reference actuator temperature T0 will be described.

Top surface 1 of connector portion 15 of injector 1
The QR code pattern 16 is formed at 51 as described above, and this is information on the reference voltage V0 and the reference actuator temperature T0 which are the individual data of the injector 1. Marking of the QR code pattern 16 is
It is formed after the reference voltage V0 and the reference actuator temperature T0 are measured as described above in the manufacturing process of the injector 1 in the injector maker.

The reading of the QR code pattern 16 is performed after the engine is completely assembled and is ready for the final inspection process. This will be described with reference to FIG. In the figure, the engine E is almost omitted for the sake of convenience of description except for the injector 1. First, the optical scanner 81 converts the QR code pattern 16 formed on the top surface of the injector connector unit 15 into a read code signal, and transmits the read code signal to the data transfer control device 82. The data transfer control device 82 is composed of a computer, a ROM writer, etc., and displays the cylinder number on a CRT, for example, and instructs the operator which injector 1 should read the QR code pattern 16. The read information of the QR code patterns 16 of all the cylinders is temporarily stored in the storage device of the data transfer control device 82. Next, the reference voltage V0 of the injector 1 corresponding to the information of the QR code pattern 16 is the ROM of the ECU 27.
273 is written. Therefore, ROM 273 has E
EPROM or the like is used.

The engine E having the structure shown in FIG. 2 includes a cylinder head 32, valve operating mechanisms 44 and 45, and a camshaft 4.
6, 47, the injector 1 is assembled, and even when the head cover 33 is covered, the injector connector portion 15 on which the QR code pattern 16 is formed is exposed, so that the engine E completes the assembly and the final inspection process. The QR code pattern 16 can be read with good workability after the state where the QR code pattern 16 is discharged. Also, the engine E
Even after the vehicle equipped with is actually used for traveling, the QR code pattern 16 can be read again without disassembling the engine E, and the maintenance performance is excellent.

The code pattern is not limited to the QR code, and may be another one-dimensional code such as a two-dimensional code or a bar code, or may be another type of symbol.

The code pattern may not be directly printed on the surface of the injector 1 by laser marking, but a tag on which the code pattern is printed may be attached.

Further, as an information storage medium having information corresponding to the reference voltage and the like, a resistor is provided in place of the code pattern, the resistance value of the resistor is measured by the ECU, and the measured resistance value is corresponded. It is also good to know the reference voltage and the like. An IC chip or the like may be used as the information storage medium.

The method of transferring the data of the reference voltage V0 and the reference actuator temperature T0 to the ROM 273 is arbitrary. For example, the ECU 2 in which the injector 1 is combined is used.
If 7 can be specified, the code pattern or the like may be written in the ROM 273 from the database such as the reference voltage V0 of the piezo actuator 67 without being formed.

Of course, the code pattern may include a correction value for the output timing and length of the control signal so as to cancel the individual difference of the injector 1 regarding the injection characteristic.

In this embodiment, the target voltage V is set on the basis of the actuator temperature T, the common rail pressure P, and the lift amount L as operating conditions together with the reference voltage V0. The target voltage V may be set based on any one of the actuator temperature T, the common rail pressure P, and the lift amount L, or two of them. The operating condition may be described by other parameters.

If the actuator temperature T can be set to a constant value when measuring the charging voltage that brings the injector 1 into a predetermined operating state, the individual information of the injector 1 to be coded is only the reference voltage. T0 may be uniformly stored in the ECU 27 in advance together with the reference common rail pressure P0 and the reference lift amount L0.

Further, based on the difference (ΔT, ΔP, ΔL) between the actual operating condition of the injector and the reference operating condition, the single reference voltage V0 is converted into data under the actual operating condition. The final target voltage V is set, but for a plurality of operating conditions within a predetermined range, the charging voltage that can bring the injector 1 into a predetermined operating state is measured and written in the ROM, and the target voltage is obtained by interpolation. It is also possible to make V correspond to the actual operating conditions.

Further, the present embodiment shows an example in which the valve element 62 can be switched between full lift and half lift to control the lift amount, but only the fuel injection and the stop are switched by the piezo actuator 67. However, the present invention can also be applied to a fuel injection device with simple control contents that does not use half lift.

Further, instead of varying the target voltage according to the operating conditions, it is also possible to use the data of the reference voltage read from the QR code pattern of the injector 1 as the target voltage depending on the required specifications. The variation of the lift of the valve element 62 due to the individual difference of the injector 1,
It is possible to prevent changes in the injection characteristics over time due to energy loss and wear.

In this case, by setting the reference voltage as data measured under a predetermined reference operating condition, the operation between the actuators can be performed without storing the operating condition at the time of measuring the reference voltage in the ROM. Can be aligned.

In the above description, the piezo actuator operates the hydraulic control valve of the injector, but the piezo actuator as shown in FIG. 9 can also be applied to the structure in which the driving force of the needle of the injector is generated. You can In the figure, parts that operate substantially the same as those in FIG. 3 are designated by the same reference numerals, and different points will be mainly described.

The injector 1A has a vertical hole 505 connected to a needle guide cylinder 504 for accommodating the needle 68.
Is formed coaxially with the needle guide cylinder 504 and has a diameter larger than that of the needle guide cylinder 504, and the base end portion 682 of the needle 68 extends into the vertical hole 505. A base end portion 682 of the needle 68 is a control piston 682 having a larger diameter than a sliding contact portion 681 with the needle guide cylinder 504. The control piston 682 has a vertical hole 50.
5 is slidably held.

The vertical hole 505 is a spring chamber 118 for accommodating the spring 74 above the control piston 682, and the upper end surface of the control piston 682 and the vertical hole 505.
A spring 74 interposed between the control piston 682 and the ceiling surface of the control unit urges the control piston 682 downward at all times. Spring chamber 1
18 communicates with the drain passage 112.

On the other hand, below the control piston 682 of the vertical hole 505 is a control chamber 119 which communicates with a hydraulic chamber 121 described later via a communication passage 120.
The fuel pressure in the control piston 682 or needle 68
Is urged upward. The lift and the seat of the needle 68 are switched by changing the fuel pressure in the control chamber 119, and the lift of the needle 68 is variably controlled.

The hydraulic chamber 121 is formed by a space defined by the piezo piston 69 in a vertical hole 506 for holding the piezo piston 69. Also, the piezo piston 69
A piezo actuator 67 is housed on the opposite side of the hydraulic chamber 121 with respect to, and can press the piezo piston 69. Further, a disc spring 75 is arranged in the hydraulic chamber 121 to maintain the control piston 682 and the piezo actuator 67 in contact with each other and constantly apply an initial load to the piezo actuator 67.

According to the injector 1A, when the piezo actuator 67 is charged and the piezo piston 69 is pushed down to increase the fuel pressure in the hydraulic chamber 121, this is transmitted to the control chamber 1119 and acts on the lower end surface of the control piston 682. Then, the needle 68 is lifted. This allows
High-pressure fuel from the common rail 24 is injected from the oil sump 102, the suck portion 103, and the injection hole 104. When the piezo actuator 67 is discharged, the piezo actuator 67 contracts, the hydraulic pressure drops, and the needle 68 is seated again.

Also in the case of this injector 1A, a QR code is formed on the top surface of the connector portion (not shown), and individual data for each injector is read into the ECU. The individual data are the reference voltage V0 and the reference actuator temperature T0, which are obtained after the injector 1A is assembled and the injector 1A is individually subjected to predetermined measurement. That is, during the predetermined charge holding period, under the reference common rail pressure P0,
Measure the minimum voltage when the designed maximum injection amount is obtained,
This is the reference voltage V0. The operating state in which the injection is performed with the maximum injection amount is the full lift of the needle 68. Further, as in the first embodiment, the reference actuator temperature T0 is obtained from the integrated value of the current and the reference voltage V0.

The reference voltage V0 and the reference actuator temperature T0 are QR coded by laser marking on the injector 1A, and after the engine is mounted, the ECU is mounted.
Is written to the ROM.

In the ECU, the lift amount of the needle 68 is changed by setting the target voltage according to the taken actuator temperature T, the common rail pressure P and the operating state, and the injection rate of the injector 1A is controlled with high accuracy. That is,
At high speed and high load, set L = L0 and take in common rail pressure P and actuator temperature T,
The difference between the reference common rail pressure P0 and the reference actuator temperature T0 is calculated, and the target voltage is set according to the equation equivalent to the equation (1). This allows
An appropriate amount of energy is input to the piezo actuator 67, and the needle 68 is fully lifted.

Further, L = mL0 is set in an operating state in which it is not determined that the vehicle is running at high speed or under high load. This m gives a voltage when a predetermined injection amount smaller than the maximum injection amount is obtained (half lift of the needle 68) under the reference common rail pressure P0 during a predetermined charge holding period, and the ECU is previously set. Memorized in. Then, as in the case of full lift, the common rail pressure P and the actuator temperature T
, The target voltage is set in the same manner as in the full lift, an appropriate amount of energy is input to the piezo actuator 67, and the needle 68 becomes a half lift with a predetermined lift amount.

Also in this embodiment, the reference voltage V0 does not have to be the charging voltage in the operating state in which the maximum injection amount is obtained, and may be different from the charging voltage in another operating state, for example, when the injection amount is 0. You can do it. For example, the individual measurement of the injector 1A is performed by measuring the maximum voltage at which the injection amount becomes 0 under the reference common rail pressure P0 during the predetermined charge holding period and set it as the reference voltage. This voltage value is the reference voltage when the needle 68 is fully lifted, that is, the minimum voltage when the designed maximum injection amount is obtained under the reference common rail pressure P0, or the needle 68 is half lifted and the predetermined injection is performed. The target voltage at full lift and half lift is L =
It is obtained by setting m1 L0 and L = m2 L0. Alternatively,
During the predetermined charge holding period, the reference common rail pressure P0
Below, the voltage when a predetermined injection amount smaller than the maximum injection amount is obtained as a reference voltage, and the target voltage at full lift is set according to the ratio between the lift amount at full lift and the lift amount at half lift. You can do it.

Note that, in both injector 1 and injector 1A, the predetermined operating state taken by injector 1 at the time of measuring the reference voltage is such that the valve body 62 and needle 68 are in a full lift state and a half lift state in actual use. Regardless of the state, only one is sufficient, but of course, in consideration of the individual differences of the injectors 1 and 1A, in a plurality of operating states with different lift amounts (full lift state, half lift state, etc.), It is also possible to obtain a reference voltage and store a plurality of reference voltages in each ECU, or to add n or m to each injector.

Further, the reference voltage is measured for a plurality of operating states having different actuator temperatures T and common rail pressures P, and the predetermined operating state is set to a plurality of predetermined operating states having different actuator temperatures T and common rail pressure P. Also good. In this case, the control device sets the target voltage corresponding to the actual operating condition by, for example, interpolation.

Further, the lift amount can be adjusted in a plurality of steps between the full lift and the seat of the valve body or needle by setting n and m more finely, and the drain amount from the injector 1 and the injector in the common rail depressurization control can be adjusted. 1
The injection rate of A may be precisely controlled.

Further, in each of the above explanations, the piezo actuator is used as the actuator, but any actuator that can be deformed by the energy held by energization may be used. For example, magnetostriction by which a ferromagnetic material is deformed by magnetization is used. A magnetostrictive actuator may be used.

In this case, the magnitude of the magnetostriction, that is, the holding energy that defines the amount of expansion as the actuator depends on the magnitude of the current that flows in the solenoid that forms the magnetic field for magnetizing, and the control device that controls the actuator uses the actuator. The current is controlled as the energization content of.
Here, even if the same current is passed, the magnetic field distribution differs due to the individual difference of the actuator, and the substantial inductance of the solenoid also differs. Therefore, the amount of extension and the retained energy vary among the hydraulic control valve and the injector. Therefore, the magnetostrictive actuator, as individual data for each hydraulic control valve and injector, the current required to hold the energy necessary for the actuator to bring the hydraulic control valve and injector into a predetermined operating state is obtained in advance, This is stored in the control device as a reference current, and the target current is set based on the reference current. In this case, the target current may be obtained by correcting the reference current according to the actual operating conditions such as the actuator temperature as described above. Even if the correspondence between energy and current changes due to changes in operating conditions, it is possible to follow this and to provide appropriate energy.

Further, the present invention can be applied not only to the hydraulic control valve and the injector but also to any device equipped with a piezo actuator or a magnetostrictive actuator. In particular, it can be suitably applied to a device having a complicated mechanism and in which hydraulic pressure is interposed between the actuator and the movable member of the device.

In this case, the operating conditions are not limited to the actuator temperature, the load, and the lift amount, but can be appropriately set for each application target such as individual differences of injectors and environmental factors affecting the operating characteristics of the actuator. Of course.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a fuel injection device including a control device for an actuator-mounted device of the present invention.

FIG. 2A is a cross-sectional view of a main part of an engine body to which the fuel injection device is attached, and FIG. 2B is a top view of an injector included in the fuel injection device.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the injector.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a control program executed by an ECU that constitutes the fuel injection device.

FIG. 5 is a first graph illustrating the effect of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a second graph illustrating the effect of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a third graph illustrating the effect of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an adjustment method of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing a modified example of the injector.

[Explanation of reference numerals] 1,1A injector (equipment) 61,68 needle 1a hydraulic control valve 16 QR code pattern (code pattern, information storage medium) 24 common rail 27 ECU (control device) 271 CPU (energization content setting means) 273 ROM (Individual Data Storage Means) 26 Actuator Drive Circuit 62 Valve Body 81 Optical Scanner

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification code FI theme code (reference) F02M 51/00 F02M 51/00 G 51/06 51/06 N U H02N 2/00 H02N 2/00 B F Term (reference) 3G066 AA07 AC09 AD07 BA51 BA60 CC14 CE22 CE27 CE34 DC06 DC13 3G301 HA02 HA06 JA15 JA17 LB11 LC01 LC05 MA11 NC01 NC02 PB00Z PB06Z PB08Z PG02Z

Claims (12)

[Claims] 1. A controller for an actuator-equipped device having an actuator that deforms in accordance with the amount of energy held by energization, wherein the actuator can be supplied with the energy required to bring the actuator-equipped device into a predetermined operating state. An actuator mounting device comprising: an individual data storage unit that stores in advance individual data for specifying the energization content for each actuator-mounted device; and an energization content setting unit that sets the energization content of the actuator based on the individual data. Equipment control device. 2. The control device for an actuator-mounted device according to claim 1, wherein the energization content setting means sets the individual data as an actual data based on a difference between an actual operating condition of the actuator-mounted device and a reference operating condition. A controller for an actuator-equipped device that is set to convert to data under operating conditions. 3. The control device for an actuator-mounted device according to claim 2, wherein the operating condition includes a temperature of the actuator. 4. The control device for the actuator-mounted device according to claim 2, wherein the operating condition includes the magnitude of the load applied to the actuator. 5. The control device for an actuator-mounted device according to claim 2, wherein the operating condition includes an extension amount of the actuator as the operating condition. 6. The control device for an actuator-mounted device according to claim 2, wherein the reference operation condition is a common operating condition set in advance. 7. The control device for an actuator-mounted device according to claim 1, wherein the actuator is a piezoelectric actuator, and the energization content is a charging voltage of the actuator. 8. The control device for the actuator-mounted device according to claim 1, wherein the actuator is a magnetostrictive actuator, and the energization content is a magnetic field forming current of the actuator. . 9. The actuator-equipped device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the actuator-equipped device is an injector for displacing a valve body or a needle for needle lift control by the actuator. Control device. 10. The control device for an actuator-mounted device according to claim 9, wherein the actuator is acted on by fuel pressure supplied from a common rail as the load, and the energization content setting means is set to an actual fuel pressure. A control device for an actuator-equipped device, which is set so as to correct the content of energization according to a difference from a fuel pressure under a standard operating condition. 11. A method for adjusting a control device for an actuator-mounted device according to claim 1, wherein:
An information storage medium for storing information corresponding to the individual data is provided in advance for each actuator, and the information in the information storage medium for each actuator is transferred to the individual data storage means of the control device combined with the actuator. A method for adjusting a control device for a device equipped with an actuator. 12. The method of adjusting a control device for an actuator-equipped device according to claim 11, wherein the individual data storage means is constituted by a non-volatile memory, and the information storage medium is an actuator or a surface of a device on which the actuator is mounted. Of an optically readable code pattern formed on the optical disk, the code pattern is read by an optical scanner, and the individual data of the actuator is written in the individual data storage means based on the read data. Adjustment method.