JP2003010681A - Oil removing agent and oil removing method and apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain an oil removing agent capable of removing oil from oil- containing liquid waste stably and effectively, and an oil removing method and an apparatus using the same. SOLUTION: The oil removing agent comprises 100 pts.wt. of chemical synthetic fibers and 5-50 pts.wt. of carbide particles with a particle size of several-100 μm or comprises 100 pts.wt. of chemical synthetic fibers, 1-20 pts.wt. of a surfactant or an organic polymeric flocculant and 5-50 pts.wt. of carbide particles with a particle size of several-100 μm. In the oil removing method, the oil removing agent and oil-containing liquid waste being matter to be treated are mixed to separate oil from the matter to be treated, or carbide and oil- containing liquid waste being matter to be treated are mixed and chemical synthetic fibers are added to the resulting mixture to separate oil from the matter to be treated.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to oil removal from oil-containing liquid wastes, and particularly to wastes such as sewage, night soil, industrial wastewater or sludge generated by the wastewater treatment, and garbage. TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an oil removing agent for separating contained oil, and a method and an apparatus for removing oil from an oil-containing liquid waste using the same.

[0002]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Oil contained in sewage, night soil, industrial wastewater, etc. causes flotation of sludge during coagulation sedimentation, clogging of screen during screen separation, and foaming and scum in biological treatment. , It is generally removed in advance. It is important to treat sludge generated by wastewater treatment such as sewage, night soil, and industrial wastewater, and oil contained in food waste and industrial waste. When these oil-containing liquid wastes are left as they are, problems such as generation of odor due to decomposition of contained oil, deterioration of dehydration performance seen in water content in dehydration treatment, or scum and inhibition of fermentation treatment in anaerobic fermentation treatment occur. In particular, sewage, night soil, industrial wastewater, etc. and organic sludge generated by wastewater treatment, and oil-containing liquid waste including organic waste such as kitchen waste generate significant odor, and the working environment of the treatment facility And deterioration of processing performance in intermediate processing.

As a method for removing oil from oil-containing liquid waste,
For example, the oil that floats on the surface of the liquid can be removed manually by allowing it to stand still, or separation with a screen can be used. If it is a highly fluid mineral oil or lubricating oil, it can be adsorbed by a commercially available oil mat. For animal and vegetable oils, biopharmaceuticals containing lipase, which is an oil-degrading enzyme, have been put into practical use for oils flowing into bill pits. Animal and vegetable oils that become solid at room temperature clog the screen during screen separation and significantly reduce the workability of oil removal. Also, the handling of the separated oil is very poor. Such a method conventionally proposed has the following problems. (1) The method of simply separating the oil-containing liquid waste by a screen is intended for solid oils at room temperature, and cannot be applied to emulsified oils or finely dispersed oils. (2) In the screen separation method, there are many problems in clogging of the screen with the target oil, handling of the separated oil, and disposal thereof. (3) It is difficult to treat a large amount of oil-containing liquid waste in a short period of time because the biodegradation product containing lipase has a slow oil decomposition reaction.

[0004]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems of the prior art and is capable of stably and effectively removing oil from oil-containing liquid waste, and an oil removing method using the same. An object is to provide a device.

[0005]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, in the present invention, 100 parts by weight of chemically synthesized fiber and several to 1 parts are used.
Oil remover consisting of 5 to 50 parts by weight of carbide particles of 00 μm, or 100 parts by weight of chemically synthesized fiber, 1 to 20 parts by weight of surfactant or organic polymer coagulant, and several to 100 μm
The oil removing agent comprises 5 to 50 parts by weight of carbide particles. Further, in the present invention, a method for removing oil from an oil-containing liquid waste, characterized in that the oil is separated from the object to be processed by mixing the oil remover with the oil-containing liquid waste to be processed. Or, after mixing the carbonized material and the oil-containing liquid waste that is the object to be processed, the chemically separated fiber is added to separate the oil from the object to be processed. This is the method for removing oil from the. Further, in the present invention, the above oil remover,
An oil removing device for an oil-containing liquid waste, comprising: a mixing device for mixing an oil-containing liquid waste, which is an object to be treated, and a separating device for separating oil from the mixing device. A screen or a dehydrator can be used as the separation device for separating the oil.

[0006]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Next, the present invention will be described in detail.
First, the oil remover will be described. The chemically synthetic fibers that can be used in the oil remover of the present invention include polyester fibers, polypropylene fibers, acrylonitrile fibers or polyester recycled fibers obtained from PET bottles discarded from the chemical fiber manufacturing process. is there. The shape of chemically synthesized fiber is
The thickness is several μm to 1 mm and the length is several mm to several cm.
A thinner one is more convenient for oil removal performance and impregnation with various chemicals, but it is difficult to process it into fibers. When a commercially available chemically synthesized fiber is used in the present invention, its thickness is preferably several to several tens of μm. Further, the length is preferably several mm to 1 cm in consideration of workability when it is made into a slurry state and separation performance on a screen.

The carbides used on the surface of the oil removing agent of the present invention when used together with chemically synthesized fibers are coal-based, wood-based,
Fixed carbon produced from coconut shell-based activated carbon, unregenerated carbon thereof, industrial waste, construction waste, sewage sludge, etc. is a main component of carbide. The physical property of the carbide used in the present invention is only the particle size, and the adsorption performance required for general activated carbon is not required. The shape of the carbide is powdery, and the particle size thereof is several to 100 μm. The smaller the particle size of carbide, the better the adsorption of oil. Since the thickness of the chemically synthesized fiber is several to several tens μm, the carbide particle diameter to be supported is preferably several to several tens μm, but the maximum particle diameter is 100 μm because the carbide particles can be held between the chemically synthesized fibers. Is.

The term "supported" in the present invention means a state in which carbide particles adhere to the surface of the chemically synthesized fiber. By supporting fibers and carbide particles, even if an oil remover is added to the liquid,
Even in the liquid, the state where the carbide particles adhere to the fiber surface is maintained. In order to support the carbide particles on the fiber more strongly,
Surfactants and organic polymer flocculants are used. As an oil removing mechanism, there is a case where oil adheres to the carbide particles carried on the fibers, and a case where oil adheres to the free carbide particles and the carbides are captured by the fibers. The amount of the carbides carried on the chemically synthesized fibers is 5 to 50 parts by weight of the dried carbides per 100 parts by weight of the chemically synthesized fibers. If the dry carbide is less than 5 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the chemically synthesized fiber, the oil adsorption performance will be insufficient. On the other hand, if it exceeds 50 parts by weight, it is difficult to retain the carbide on the surface of the chemically synthesized fiber, and the carbide is wasted. Furthermore, although the carbides separated from the chemically synthesized fibers adsorb the oil of the oil-containing liquid waste, it is difficult to separate the carbides that have adsorbed the oil with the chemically synthesized fibers, making it difficult to separate and remove the oil from the oil-containing liquid waste. Is.

Next, the surfactant and the organic polymer coagulant used together with the oil removing agent of the present invention to support the carbide on the chemically synthesized fiber will be described. The anionic surfactant used in the present invention is an aliphatic carboxylic acid such as palmitic acid, oleic acid or lauric acid, or an alkali ether carboxylic acid type anionic surfactant having a polyoxyethylene chain or a polyoxymethylene chain.
Further, as the nonionic surfactant, polyoxyethylene type polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, polyoxyethylene alkylphenyl ether, polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester, and polyhydric alcohol ester ether are preferable. Examples of the polyhydric alcohol ester ether include polyoxyethylene sorbitan oleate and polyoxyethylene oleic acid ester.

The polymer flocculant used in the present invention is a polyacrylamide type anion type or epoxyamine type organic coagulant, a cationic organic polymer flocculant having a molecular weight of 500,000 or less, and a dimethylaminoethylmethacrylate type amphoteric agent. Polymeric flocculants can be used as well as surfactants instead of surfactants. The chemically adsorbed fiber is immersed in a surfactant aqueous solution or the surfactant itself, drained, and then mixed with a carbide to produce the oil adsorbent of the present invention. The ratio of the surfactant content and the amount of carbide to the chemically synthesized fiber is 1 to 20 parts by weight of the surfactant and 5 to 50 parts by weight of the carbide with respect to 100 parts by weight of the chemically synthesized fiber. In order to keep 50 parts by weight or less of the carbide, the surfactant may be 20 parts by weight or less. Surfactants in excess of 20 parts by weight are wasted. Further, if it is less than 1 part by weight, it is difficult to retain the carbide in the chemically synthesized fiber.

The present invention is an invention of a method for removing oil from an oil-containing liquid waste, in which oil is separated from an object to be treated by mixing the oil removing agent and the oil-containing liquid waste. In the present invention, the oil-containing liquid waste refers to sewage, night soil, industrial wastewater, etc. and organic sludge or inorganic sludge or septic tank sludge generated with the treatment of those wastewater, food waste, and other liquid industrial waste containing oil. It is contained. The oil of the oil-containing liquid waste is an oil extracted with hexane such as animal and vegetable oils and mineral oils. Liquid wastes containing protein such as human waste, septic tank sludge, and excess sludge are extracted from hexane as proteins contained in the liquid wastes and measured as oils. Therefore, in the present invention, these proteins are also included in oils. The form of oil to which the present invention can be applied includes floating oil, a dispersed state, an emulsified oil, and a state of being attached to a solid matter.

Further, according to the present invention, the chemically synthesized fiber is added after mixing the carbide and the oil-containing liquid waste,
It is also an invention of a method for removing oil from an oil-containing liquid waste that separates oil from an object to be treated. In this manner, the carbide is added to the oil-containing liquid waste in the form of powder or slurry, and the oil in the oil-containing liquid waste is adsorbed to the carbide by mixing, and the carbide particles adsorbing the oil are entangled in the chemically synthesized fiber, It is also possible to remove oil from oleaginous liquid waste. According to this method, the addition rate of carbide is 50 to 5000 per oil-containing liquid waste slurry.
It is 0 mg / l. Floating oil can remove oil with less carbide than oil, but needs 1% or more for emulsified oil. Since the oil is adsorbed on the carbide, it is preferable to add the carbide to the oil-containing liquid waste first. When it is not possible to increase the number of water tanks in terms of equipment, it is possible to simultaneously add the carbide and the chemically synthesized fiber.

Further, according to the present invention, the oil removal from the oil-containing liquid waste has a mixing device for adding and mixing the above-mentioned oil removing agent to the oil-containing liquid waste, and a separating device for separating the oil with a screen or a dehydrator. It is the invention of the device. The oil adsorbent of the present invention is a powder, and is added to the oil-containing liquid waste as a slurry or powder. To form a slurry, an oil adsorbent can be added to industrial water, treated water easily obtained in a dehydration facility, or oil-containing liquid waste itself, and a mixing device such as an existing pulper or mechanical stirrer can be used. . Organic polymer flocculants and inorganic flocculants can be used in the oil separation step.

In the separating device, a commercially available one such as a wedge wire or a bar screen can be used for screen separation. Although there is no limitation on the opening, the practical opening is 1 to 5 mm. When the sludge concentration or solid concentration of the oil-containing liquid waste is as high as 1% or more and cannot be separated by a screen, a commercially available dehydrator or concentrator can be used. A belt press type, a screw press type, a centrifugal separation, and a filter press type can be used for them. Figure 1
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of oil removal from oil-containing liquid waste by screen separation, and Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of oil removal by a dehydrator.
A schematic view of the case where the carbide particles and the chemically synthesized fiber are separately added is shown in FIG.

[0015]

EXAMPLES The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Example 1 100 parts of the combined septic tank sludge and 1 part of mayonnaise and 1 part of corn oil were mixed with a juicer mixer to obtain a simulated oil-containing liquid waste. Table 1 shows its properties.

[Table 1] 2 liters of simulated oil-containing liquid waste, length 10 mm ~ 15
mm recycled PET fiber with a thickness of about 10 μm (oil adsorbent A)
Was added in a predetermined amount, mixed with a juicer mixer at 300 rpm for 5 minutes, and immediately opened with 1.18 mm in the bottom.
The sample was placed in a cylindrical container having an inner diameter of 100 mm and attached with a wire net, and filtered to measure the outflow amount of the separated liquid and the hexane extract substance concentration of the separated liquid. The oil adsorbent of the present invention was tested for B to E in the same manner as the oil adsorbent A.

Oil adsorbent A: PET regenerated fiber oil adsorbent B: PET regenerated fiber particle size 10 to 30 μm
5 to 20 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of PET recycled fiber. Oil adsorbent C: 5 to 20 parts by weight of coal-based powdered activated carbon having a particle size of 10 to 30 μm and a surfactant polyoxyethylene alkyl ether are supported on 100 parts by weight of the PET regenerated fiber. Oil adsorbent D: 5 to 20 parts by weight of an anionic polymer flocculant is used instead of the surfactant of oil adsorbent C. Oil adsorbent E: 5 to 20 parts by weight of an amphoteric polymer coagulant is used instead of the surfactant of oil adsorbent C. Table 2 shows the results of Example 1. From the removal rate of the hexane extract substance of the screen separation liquid, the oil adsorbing effect of the oil adsorbent of the present invention was good for the simulated oil-containing liquid waste containing emulsified oil.

[0017]

[Table 2]

Comparative Example 1 The same experiment as in Example 1 was carried out by adding the PET recycled fiber of Example 1, activated carbon, a surfactant and a polymer flocculant to the simulated oil-containing liquid waste of Example 1, respectively. Table 3 shows the results of Comparative Example 1.

[Table 3]

Example 2 To the simulated oil-containing liquid waste of Example 1, the PET recycled fiber and oil adsorbent of Example 1 were added, and the cationic polymer flocculant was added to S.
After adding and coagulating 1% per S, a pressure dehydration test was conducted. In the pressure dehydration test, 100 milliliters of the above-mentioned coagulation-simulating oil-containing liquid waste was concentrated with the wire net of Example 1, and the concentrated sludge with a diameter of 1 was used.
It was sandwiched between two 0 cm filter cloths, the lower part was fixed, and pressure was applied from above for about 2 minutes at about 0.04 MPa. The water content of the dehydrated cake and the SS and hexane extracted substances of the separated liquid were measured. From the SS and hexane extract substance concentrations of the simulated oil-containing liquid waste of Example 1, the removal rates of SS and hexane extract substance were calculated.
Table 4 shows the results of Example 2. From the hexane extract substance concentration of the separated liquid after dehydration, the oil adsorption effect of the oil adsorbent of the present invention was good for the simulated oil-containing liquid waste containing the emulsified oil. In addition, good dehydration was possible based on the water content of the dehydrated cake.

[0020]

[Table 4]

[0021]

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention has the following effects by supporting a carbide on a chemically synthesized fiber or by supporting a surfactant or a polymer flocculant and a carbide. (1) Oil can be removed efficiently by a simple method. (2) The oil removing effect is high with respect to the emulsified oil, and the load of the oil on the wastewater treatment in the latter stage can be reduced. (3) The separated oil is easy to dispose and the workability is improved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an example of an apparatus used in the oil removing method of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing another example of an apparatus used in the oil removing method of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing another example of an apparatus used in the oil removing method of the present invention.

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. 100 parts by weight of a chemically synthesized fiber and a few to 10 parts.
An oil remover comprising 5 to 50 parts by weight of 0 μm carbide particles. 2. 100 parts by weight of chemically synthesized fiber, 1 to 20 parts by weight of a surfactant or an organic polymer flocculant, and a number of 100 to 100 parts.
An oil remover comprising 5 to 50 parts by weight of carbide particles having a diameter of μm. 3. An oil-containing liquid waste characterized by separating oil from the object to be processed by mixing the oil removing agent according to claim 1 or 2 with the oil-containing liquid waste to be processed. Oil removal method. 4. An oil-containing liquid waste characterized in that oil is separated from the object to be processed by adding a chemically synthesized fiber after mixing the carbide and the oil-containing liquid waste to be processed. Oil removal method. 5. A mixing device that mixes the oil removing agent according to claim 1 and the oil-containing liquid waste that is an object to be processed, and a separating device that separates oil from the mixing device. Equipment for removing oil from oil-containing liquid waste.