JP2003009686A - Method for controlling watering machine for horticulture and method for distributing discharged liquid - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for controlling the water-supplying capacity per day of a watering machine for horticulture driven by the power of a solar battery without using a pump and provide a method for distributing the water discharged from the watering machine into plural streams. SOLUTION: The operating time of a watering machine 10 for horticulture is controlled by forming a shade having a size varying by the race of the sun on a solar battery 25 with a shielding plate 27 and applying a time restriction on the generating power to enable the operation of the watering machine 10. The water discharged from the watering machine 10 for horticulture is temporarily collected in distribution tanks 70, 101, forced into the lower part of the overflow pipe of the distribution tanks 70, 101 and discharged through a plurality of uniformly arranged discharging pipes 96a, 96b, 96c, 102a, 102b, 102c.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for controlling the daily discharge amount of a watering machine for gardening which can supply flowers and trees by the energy of the sun without using a moving device such as a pump, and water in a receiving tank. The present invention relates to a distribution receiving tank that uses the siphon principle to discharge an aqueous solution with a simple structure almost uniformly to a plurality of discharge pipes, and a technique for applying the distribution receiving tank to a garden watering machine.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, gardening watering machines have a method of intermittently supplying water to flowers and trees by a timer from a pipe directly connected to the water supply, and a method of intermittently supplying water to flowers and trees from a tank of around 10 liters by a pump and a timer. It is used. Also, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-254481 "Liquid discharge supply device"
Then, by rotating the motor with the electric energy generated by the solar cell and decelerating the rotation speed of this motor, the discharge end of the flexible tube that draws the aqueous solution from the lower part of the container is slowly lowered from above the container to below. , A liquid discharge and supply device that discharges an aqueous solution and supplies water to flowers and trees without using a pump has been described, but in the above liquid discharge and supply device, the method of controlling the operating time and the method of supplying water to many flowers and trees are described. I haven't touched it.

Regarding the method of distributing one liquid stream into a plurality of streams, it is common to temporarily store it in a small receiving tank and then pressurize it with a pump to divide it into a plurality of streams. I can't find an easy way to use.

Conventionally, there is a water-sealed trap as a device for cutting off odor. FIG. 6 shows a bowl-shaped trap that is usually used in kitchens among the water-sealed traps. An extraction pipe 2 extends vertically through the center of the bottom of the trap outer cylinder 1. The inner part of the trap outer cylinder 1 of the extraction pipe 2 is covered with the trap inner cylinder 3.

When the drainage 4 is stored above the water sealing liquid level 5, the drainage 4 flows down the inside of the extraction pipe 2 by an increment, and when the liquid level returns to the water sealing liquid level 5, the drainage is stopped, The water sealing liquid surface 5 is always maintained. In this bowl-type trap system, bad odors are blocked by the drainage 4 that is retained in the gap between the trap outer cylinder 1 and the trap inner cylinder 3 and the gap between the trap inner cylinder 3 and the discharge pipe 2.

However, in the bowl type trap shown in FIG. 6, when the inner diameter of the extraction pipe 2 is small and the drainage 4 is full and flows continuously, the trap outer cylinder 1 and the trap inner cylinder 3 are formed.
And the gap between the trap inner cylinder 3 and the extraction pipe 2 and the flow inside the extraction pipe 2 become a continuous flow, and due to the siphon principle, drainage reaches the bottom liquid level 6 at the lower end of the trap inner cylinder 3. It is discharged all at once and the water sealing effect disappears. Therefore, in the bowl-type trap system that blocks offensive odors, the inner diameter of the extraction pipe 2 is increased so that the flow of water does not occur according to the siphon principle.

According to the present invention, a water flow according to the siphon principle is generated in a bowl-shaped trap type receiving tank, the liquid flowing down from above is temporarily stored in the receiving tank, and then the flow rate can be evenly distributed among a plurality of streams. We have developed a distribution receiving tank.

[0008]

[Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-254
A liquid discharge / supply device for gardening using a solar cell described in 481 “liquid discharge / supply device” has been solved as a gardening watering machine to which the following two problems are added. (1) To develop a simple method to control the daily operation time of a garden watering machine that operates on solar panels, and control the daily water supply of flowers and trees. (2) Develop a simple means that can distribute one liquid stream into multiple streams with almost equal flow rates, and develop a water supply method that can supply multiple flowers and trees from a garden watering machine using that means. thing.

[0009]

To solve the above problems, the present invention employs the following control method and distribution tank.
That is, the water supply amount per day is controlled by using the characteristics of the daily operation of the sun to shade the solar cell by holding the shield above the light-receiving surface of the solar cell and operating by the solar cell. It can be solved by reducing the operating time of the motor.

Further, after the aqueous solution discharged from the horticultural water dispenser is once received by the distribution receiving tank, the aqueous solution in the distribution receiving tank is expelled from the plurality of receiving tank discharging pipes below the distribution receiving tank at once by the siphon principle. It is solved by supplying water to multiple flowers and trees.

[0011]

First Embodiment FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of a watering machine for gardening according to the present invention. In FIG. 1, a watering machine 1 for gardening, which uses electric power generated by the solar cell 25 as a power source and does not use a pump.
The relationship between 0 and the operation of the sun and the shield 27 is shown.
As the shield 27, a shield plate having the same area as the light receiving surface of the solar cell 25 is used.

First, the gardening watering machine 10 will be described.
The container 11 contains a liquid 12 such as water. Liquid 12
From the outlet 14 at the bottom of the container 11 to the tube end 16
After being temporarily stored in the liquid supply mechanism 50 through the flexible tube 15 via a and 16b, it becomes a droplet like a droplet 17 from the tip of the discharge pipe 57 which is a constituent element of the liquid supply mechanism 50. , After being accumulated in a certain amount in the distribution receiving tank 70 attached to the watering machine stand 30, it is discharged from the three receiving tank discharge pipes 77a, 77b, 77c protruding from the lower part of the distribution receiving tank 70 at once by the siphon effect. And supplied to trees.

The liquid supply mechanism 50 is a main component of the garden watering machine 10 and is a mechanism for discharging the liquid 12 in the container 11, and a mechanism for supplying the liquid 12 to flowers and trees. Therefore, it was named the liquid supply mechanism.
The liquid supply mechanism 50 moves from the upper side to the lower side inside the cylindrical column 18, and when the liquid supply mechanism liquid level 64 is lower than the container liquid level 13, the liquid stored in the liquid supply mechanism 50 is discharged from the discharge pipe. The droplet 17 is discharged from the tip of 57. The liquid stored in the distribution receiving tank 70 is almost evenly discharged to flowers and trees through the three receiving tank discharge pipes 77a, 77b, 77c.

Although a discharge pipe 57 projecting to the outside of the liquid supply mechanism 50 and a liquid supply mechanism fixture 58 for fitting and fixing the liquid supply mechanism 50 to the drive shaft 22 are shown,
In order to allow these to move up and down, a discharge pipe elevating slit 19 is provided on one side of the cylindrical support column 18 from the upper end to the lower end of the cylindrical support column 18.

Further, a tube penetrating slit 21 through which the tube 15 is inserted is provided at the lower end portion of the cylindrical column 18 opposite to the discharge tube elevating slit 19. Cylindrical column 18,
The positional relationship between the discharge pipe elevating slit 19 and the tube penetrating slit 21 is shown in the AA cross section and the BB cross section of FIG.

The electric energy generated in the solar cell 25 is passed through the electric wire 29 to drive the drive mechanism 23 composed of a motor and a speed reducer to reduce the rotation speed of the motor to a predetermined rotation speed, and then to spread over the entire length. The drive shaft 22 with the external thread cut is rotated.

The drive shaft 22 meshes with the liquid supply mechanism fixing member 58 inserted in the upper portion of the liquid supply mechanism 50, and when the drive shaft 22 rotates clockwise, the liquid supply mechanism 50 moves downward. It has become.

The liquid supply mechanism 5 is driven by the rotation of the drive shaft 22.
Although 0 tends to rotate in the horizontal direction, the liquid supply mechanism fixture 58 hits the slit end portion 20a of the discharge pipe elevating slit 19 of the cylindrical column 18 to prevent rotation, and appears as a downward movement.

Solar cell 2 fixed to solar cell support 28
5 shows a state in which a part of the light-receiving surface is covered with the shadow of the shield 27 by the shield 27 that is inclined and fixed by the angle adjusting thumbscrew 40. Solar cell 25 is a universal joint 2
The angle and azimuth can be freely changed with 6,
In the figure, they are placed roughly horizontally. In the upper part of FIG. 1, the sunrise sun 32a appears from the sunrise side mountain 31a, passes through the daytime sun 32b, and the operation of the sun hidden as the sunset sun 32c in the sunset side mountain 31b is shown.

Conventionally, for controlling the amount of water supply to flowers and trees (increase / decrease of the amount of water supply) with a commercially available watering machine for gardening, an electrically controlled timer setting is used, and with another type of watering machine, a tank is used. In the present invention, it is possible to control the amount of water supplied to flowers and trees by providing the solar cell 25 with a shield 27 that casts shadows. In FIG. 1, a shield plate having a structure in which the opening degree with the solar cell 25 can be freely changed is used as the shield 27.

A gardening watering machine 10 operated by a solar cell 25
That the operating time of the can be controlled by the shield 27 can control the discharge amount (= water supply amount of flowers and trees) from the garden watering machine 10, and therefore the control of the daily water supply amount of flowers and trees can be controlled. it can. Therefore, it is possible to handle watering of flowers and trees with different water supplies without replacing the container.

The method for controlling the amount of water supply according to the present invention is the solar cell 2
5 and the relationship between the operation of the sun and the shield 27, and the characteristics of watering flowers and trees are used. That is, the solar cell 25 generates power by sunlight, but the sunlight is a parallel ray, and the angle of this parallel ray with respect to the horizontal changes from sunrise to sunset, so that the solar cell 25 and the shield 27 have different angles. Once the opening is fixed, the relationship between the power generated by the solar cell 25 on that day and the operation of the sun is determined. Therefore, the operating time of the gardening watering machine 10 is determined.

In the watering of flowers and trees, the amount of water supplied to the flowers and trees does not have to be strict, for example, about 500 cc per day.
A rough value such as about 250 cc for one day or half for a small pot may be used. Further, the water supply of flowers and trees is generally sufficient, and the water supply amount of flowers and trees can be adjusted by adjusting the operating time of the garden watering machine 10. Therefore, by setting the opening between the solar cell 25 and the shield 27, the operating time of the garden watering machine 10 is determined, and the daily water supply of flowers and trees is determined.

The rotation speed of the drive shaft 22 is extremely low, for example, 0.1 r. p. m, etc., so it is difficult to confirm the rotation. Therefore, the rotation confirmation plate 24
Is provided on the upper end of the drive shaft 22. The rotation confirmation plate 24 is preferably elongated so that the peripheral speed is high, and is preferably plate-shaped and diamond-shaped with a sharp tip.

In FIG. 2, details of the control method by the shield 27 described in FIG. 1 will be described. For the purpose of comparison and comparison, FIG. 2A shows the case where only the solar cell 25 does not use the shield 27, and FIG. 2B shows the case where the shield 27 is used. As the shield 27, the solar cell 2
As the shield 27, a black plastic shield plate that does not transmit light having the same size as the light receiving surface of No. 5 was used.

In FIG. 2A, the solar cell 25 is installed horizontally. The sun appears as the sunrise sun 32a from the sunrise side mountain 31a, and the solar battery 25 is irradiated to the position of the sunset sun 32c hidden in the sunset side mountain 31b according to the sun's travel route 33. Therefore, the horticultural watering machine 10 (see FIG. 1) operates during the period from sunrise to sunset. An angle corresponding to the travel route 33 of the sun is the shield non-irradiation angle 34.

FIG. 2B shows the structure and movement of the shield 27. The shield 27 is attached to the shield rotating plate 41 by manually rotating the shield rotating plate 41 with the angle adjusting thumbscrew 40 via the shield mounting plate 43 attached to one side of the solar cell 25. The body 27 can be arbitrarily tilted and fixed. In the figure sunrise sun 32a
Is exposed from the sunrise side mountain 31a, and the solar battery 25 is in the sun's operation path 35 until it reaches the position of the sun 32b during the day.
Since the solar cell shaded portion 38, which is a portion covered by the shadow of the shield 27, is large, electric power sufficient to operate the garden watering machine 10 (see FIG. 1) is not generated.

When the sun tilts toward the sunset side from the position of the sun 32b in the daytime, the solar cell irradiation portion 39, which is the portion of the solar cell 25 irradiated by the sun, gradually becomes larger, and the garden watering machine 10 (see FIG. 1). Will generate enough power to operate. In FIG. 2 (b), the horticultural watering machine 10 (see FIG. 1) operates and flowers and trees are operated in the sun operation path 36 corresponding to the shielded irradiation angle 37 from the sun 32 b during the day to the sun 32 c at sunset. Can be supplied with water.

In FIG. 2C, the shield 27 and the solar cell 2 are shown.
2 shows a case where the relationship of No. 5 is viewed from the direction of arrow A in FIG. The shield 27 is attached to the shield mounting plate 43 via the shield rotating plate 41 and the thumbscrew mounting plate 45.
On the other hand, the angle adjusting thumbscrew 40 passes through the shield rotating plate 41 and the thumbscrew mounting plate 45 in an overlapping manner and penetrates the rotating plate fixing nut 44.
It can be tightened with.

The angle adjusting thumbscrew 40 and the rotary plate fixing nut 44 are grasped with fingers, the tightening is loosened a little, and the angle adjusting thumbscrew 40 is arbitrarily rotated to shield the shield 27 and the solar cell 25.
After arbitrarily setting the opening degree, the angle adjustment thumbscrew 40 and the rotary plate fixing nut 44 are finger-tightened, and the shielding body 27 is fixed, whereby the opening degrees of the shielding body 27 and the solar cell 25 are fixed.

As the kind of the shield 27, a plate-like shield 27 as shown in FIG. 2 is preferable, and as another example, a cylindrical shape for enclosing the solar cell 25 such as a hood used for a camera may be used. However, from various experiments, it is necessary to considerably lengthen the length of the hood, the width that can be controlled is small, and further, the mechanism is unwieldy, and the horticultural water with a simple mechanism using the natural energy of the present invention is used. It was not adopted because it was against the purpose of the development of the equipment.

As a method of making the operating time shorter than the operating time of the garden watering machine 10 (see FIG. 1) when the solar cell 25 is placed horizontally, another method is to tilt the solar cell 25. From various experimental results, there is a case where the garden watering machine 10 (see FIG. 1) is operated by the electric power of the solar cell 25 generated by the scattered light even if the direct light of the sun does not enter at an inclination. Yes, it turns out that control is extremely difficult in practice. In particular, on sunny days, scattered light is considerably strong, and the gardening watering machine 10 (see FIG. 1) is often operated. Therefore, the tilting method was not adopted.

According to various studies, the solar cell 25 is fixed horizontally, and a plate-shaped shield 27 that can change the opening degree with the solar cell 25 is provided by the angle adjusting thumbscrew 40. It has been found that the method of casting shadows on the solar cell 25 is simple and reliable. With this method, scattered light can be blocked even on a sunny day, and desired control can be performed.

In the example of FIG. 2, the plate-shaped shield 27 of the present invention is used.
And the angle adjustment thumbscrew 40 to adjust the opening of the solar cell 25.
However, it is not limited to this method, the point is to make a shade on the light receiving surface of the solar cell with a plate-shaped shield,
It is sufficient if the operating time of the garden watering machine can be adjusted.

FIG. 3 shows the liquid supply mechanism 50 described with reference to FIG.
Shows the details of. In FIG. 3A, A in FIG.
The cross-sectional view of the liquid supply mechanism 50 which looked at the -A cross section from the top is shown. FIG. 3B shows a vertical sectional view of the liquid supply mechanism 50. The liquid supply mechanism 50 is a mechanism for supplying the liquid 12 discharged from the container 11 (see FIG. 1) to other places such as flowers and trees. Further, the liquid supply mechanism fixture 58, which is a component of the liquid supply mechanism 50, is
Is a scissor-like instrument that fits and is fixed to the drive shaft 22.

The liquid supply mechanism 50 includes an outer cylinder 51 and an inflow pipe 5.
2, a drive shaft guide tube 53, a cutout portion 54, a top plate 55, a top plate through hole 56, a discharge pipe 57, and a liquid supply mechanism fixing tool 58, and the liquid supply mechanism fixing tool 58 is the fixing device pattern 5.
9a, 59b, a fulcrum 60, a spring 61, fixing tool tip fillings 62a, 62b, and half-split female threads 63a, 63b.

FIG. 3A shows a fitting mechanism of the liquid supply mechanism fixing tool 58 and the drive shaft 22. Liquid supply mechanism 5
The drive shaft 22 passes through the center of the outer cylinder 51 of 0. Outer cylinder 5
1 has a notch 54 into which a liquid supply mechanism fixture 58 can be inserted. The scissors-shaped liquid supply mechanism fixture 58 has two
Book fixtures 59a, 59b, fulcrum 60, spring 6
1 has a structure for tightening the fixture tip fillers 62a and 62b at the tip portion of the liquid supply mechanism fixture 58. Fixing tool tip filling material 62a and fixing tool tip filling material 62b
Half-split female threads 63a and 63b are cut in the middle portion of the mating surface. The sizes of the half-split female threads 63a and 63b are female threads for the male thread cut on the drive shaft 22, and the two are in mesh with each other.

In FIG. 3B, a short tubular inflow pipe 52 for introducing the liquid flowing into the liquid supply mechanism 50 is provided at a position eccentric from the center of the lower end of the outer cylinder 51. At the center of the lower end of the outer cylinder 51, a cylindrical drive shaft guide tube 5 that isolates the drive shaft 22 so that the drive shaft 22 does not get wet with liquid.
3 is provided.

The upper end of the outer cylinder 51 is closed by a disk-shaped top plate 55. There is a top plate through hole 56 at the center of the top plate 55 so that the drive shaft 22 can pass therethrough. Outer cylinder 5
The upper part of 1 has a notch 54 which is formed by removing a part of the side wall.
Is provided so that the scissor-shaped liquid supply mechanism fixing tool 58 can be inserted.

When the drive shaft 22 rotates clockwise by the electric energy generated by the solar cell 25, the liquid supply mechanism fixture 58 also tries to rotate clockwise, but after the fixture handle 59a rotates a little, as shown in FIG. Discharge pipe lifting slit 1 shown in
It hits the slit end 20a of 9 and cannot rotate, and the liquid supply mechanism fixture 58 itself moves downward.

Although the top plate 55 is mounted on the liquid supply mechanism fixture 58, the outer cylinder 51 is joined to the top plate 55, so that the drive shaft 22 rotates clockwise to supply the liquid. When the mechanism fixture 58 moves downward, the liquid supply mechanism 50
The whole will move downward at the same speed as the liquid supply mechanism fixture 58.

The liquid 12 inside the liquid supply mechanism 50 communicates with the liquid 12 of the container 11 shown in FIG. 1 via a tube 15 like a communication pipe, and when the liquid supply mechanism 50 slowly descends, the container 11 The liquid 12 flows into the liquid supply mechanism 50 through the tube 15, and the liquid level 64 of the liquid supply mechanism rises. The liquid supply mechanism liquid level 64 rises,
When the discharge pipe 57 is filled with the liquid 12, the liquid 12 is discharged from the tip of the discharge pipe 57.

The liquid 12 is the discharge pipe 57 of the liquid supply mechanism 50.
Immediately before the outflow or when the outflow stops, the liquid level 13 (see FIG. 1) of the container 11 and the liquid level 64 of the liquid supply mechanism.
Are in balance at about the same level. When the liquid supply mechanism 50 descends from such a state, the positional difference between the liquid surface 13 and the discharge pipe 57 increases, and the liquid 12 flows into the liquid supply mechanism 50, but the rotation of the drive shaft 22 is 0.1 r.s. p.
When the liquid supply mechanism 50 has an extremely low speed of about 10 m / h or less and the liquid supply mechanism 50 has an extremely low speed of about 10 mm / h or less, the liquid level of the container 11 decreases by the distance the liquid supply mechanism 50 descends, and the decreased liquid The liquid in the container 11 corresponding to the depth is discharged from the discharge pipe 57.

For example, if the drive shaft 22 is an M4 male screw and the half-split female screws 63a and 63b are M4 female screws, the pitch of the M4 screw is 0.7 mm.
When the drive shaft 22 makes one rotation, the liquid supply mechanism 50 becomes 0.7.
Therefore, the discharge pipe 57 is also lowered by 0.7 mm.

For example, when the inner diameter of the container 11 is 16.5 cm, the rotation speed of the drive shaft 22 is 0.1 r.p.m. p. If m, the liquid supply mechanism 50 is 4.2 mm per hour.
(0.7 mm × 6), so the liquid level in the container 11 is 1
It drops 4.2 mm per hour. Therefore, the amount discharged per hour is about 90 cc (0.785 x 16.5 cm x 1).
6.5 cm × 0.42 cm).

When the liquid supply mechanism 50 is moved up and down along the drive shaft 22, a fixture handle 59 of the liquid supply mechanism fixture 58.
a, holding the fixture handle 59b with fingers, with the drive shaft 22 and the liquid supply mechanism fixture 58 disengaged, manually bring the liquid supply mechanism 50 to an arbitrary position and fix the liquid supply mechanism again Hold the fixture pattern 59a and the fixture pattern 59b of the tool 58 with fingers, fit the liquid supply mechanism fixture 58 and the drive shaft 22, and
The liquid supply mechanism 50 is fixed to the drive shaft 22. For example, when the liquid supply mechanism 50 reaches the lower end, the liquid supply mechanism 50 can be moved to the upper part of the drive shaft 22 by the above operation.

When the liquid supply mechanism 50 reaches the lower end of the drive shaft 22, the lower end portion of the drive shaft 22 is threaded so that the force for further moving downward is not generated. It is designed to go around the sky.

FIG. 4 shows the distribution receiving tank 70 described in FIG. FIG. 4A shows a cross-sectional view of the distribution receiving tank 70 taken along the line AA of FIG. 4B.
FIG. 4B shows a vertical sectional view of the distribution receiving tank 70. FIG. 4C shows a cross-sectional view of the distribution receiving tank 70 indicated by BB in FIG. 4B.

In FIG. 4A, the receiving tank outer frame 71 is a container having a rectangular cross section, and the receiving tank inner cylinder 72 and the receiving tank overflow pipe 74 are provided.
And are arranged concentrically, and an inner cylinder overflow pipe gap 75 exists between them. The receiving tank inner cylinder 72 is fixed to the space portion of the receiving tank outer frame 71 by four receiving tank inner cylinder fixing plates 83a, 83b, 83c, and 83d. Also, the receiving tank overflow pipe 7
One of the three discharge pipes 77a, 77b, 77c is provided inside
I can see the part.

In FIG. 4 (b), inside the outer frame 71, a receiving tank inner cylinder 72 having an upper end closed and a lower end opened is provided. The receiving tub inner cylinder 72 is fixed to a space inside the receiving tub outer frame 71 so that a bottom gap 73 exists between the lower end and the bottom of the receiving tub outer frame 71.

The receiving tank outer frame 71 is provided at the center of the bottom of the receiving tank outer frame 71.
A receiving tank overflow pipe 74 protruding inside is provided. The gap between the receiving tank inner cylinder 72 and the receiving tank overflow pipe 74 is the inner cylinder overflow pipe gap 7
It is 5. It is important that the receiving tank inner cylinder 72 and the receiving tank overflow pipe 74 are arranged concentrically, and therefore the inner cylinder overflow pipe gap 75 is annular.

There is an upper gap 76 between the upper end of the receiving tank overflow pipe 74 and the closed upper end of the receiving tank inner cylinder 72. Below the middle portion of the receiving tank overflow pipe 74, three receiving tank discharge pipes 77a,
77b and 77c are pushed in. The three receiving tank discharge pipes 77a, 77b, 77c are connected to tubes or the like, but for the sake of easy connection, two receiving tank discharge pipes 77a, 77c are provided.
c is bent outward.

The liquid 12 (see FIG. 1) in the container 11 passes through the tube 15 and drips from the tip of the discharge pipe 57 of the liquid supply mechanism 50 shown in FIG. 3 and is collected in the distribution receiving tank 70. When the liquid depth of reaches the upper liquid surface 78,
The liquid 12 passes through the bottom gap 73, the inner cylinder overflow pipe gap 75, and the upper gap 76, flows down inside the receiving tank overflow pipe 74 as the overflow liquid 80, and is discharged from the receiving tank discharge pipes 77a, 77b, 77c. .

A feature of the distribution receiving tank 70 is that after a certain amount of the dropped liquid is collected and the discharge of the liquid starts only by the pressure due to the depth of the liquid, it reaches the lowermost liquid level 79 which is the lowest point of the liquid level. According to the siphon principle, discharge is continuously generated, and the structure is such that a substantially uniform discharge amount can be obtained from a plurality of discharge pipes.

The liquid 12 passes through the bottom gap 73, the inner cylinder overflow pipe gap 75, and the upper gap 76, and goes down the receiving tank overflow pipe 74 to 3
Enter the receiving tank discharge pipes 77a, 77b, 77c of the book,
At this time, it is necessary to evenly flow into the three receiving tank discharge pipes 77a, 77b, 77c. To do this, liquid 1
When the liquid 2 flows down the receiving tank overflow pipe 74, the liquid 12 needs to fall down over the entire inner wall of the receiving tank overflow pipe 74.

To this end, of the bottom gap 73, the inner cylinder overflow pipe gap 75, the upper gap 76 and the receiving tank overflow pipe 74 through which the liquid 12 flows, the pressure loss in the receiving tank overflow pipe 74 is large. It is necessary to do. Specifically, the flow cross-sectional areas of the three gaps of the bottom gap 73, the inner cylinder overflow pipe gap 75, and the upper gap 76 are made larger than the cross-sectional area of the receiving tank overflow pipe 74. By doing so, the liquid 12
The above three gaps flow with a small resistance, and the receiving tank overflow pipe 74
To overflow into the receiving tank overflow pipe 74 and flow through the entire inner wall of the receiving tank overflow pipe 74.

When the cross-sectional area of the receiving tank overflow pipe 74 is large,
The liquid 12 does not wet the entire inner wall of the receiving tank overflow pipe 74 and flows down in the form of streaks, so that the receiving tank discharge pipe 77a,
It does not evenly flow into 77b and 77c. In particular, in the case of water, the surface tension is large and the water flow tends to be streaky, so the size and shape of the receiving tank overflow pipe 74, such as the inner diameter, are important.

The upper clearance 76 is a clearance between the upper part of the receiving tank inner cylinder 72 and the upper end of the receiving tank overflow pipe 74. If this clearance is short, the pressure loss becomes large and the flow rate becomes small.
Therefore, the flow rate of the receiving tank overflow pipe 74 also decreases, and it becomes difficult to flow down through the entire inner surface. Therefore, it is preferable to increase the upper clearance or to make the upper part of the receiving tank inner cylinder 72 into a dome shape as shown in FIG. 4B.

Further, the arrangement and shape of the receiving tank discharge pipe must be careful so as to cause a uniform flow. It is necessary that the plurality of receiving tank discharge pipes have the same inner diameter and the same outer diameter, are arranged at equal intervals along the inner wall of the receiving tank overflow pipe 74, and the upper ends of the plurality of receiving tank discharge pipes are at the same level.

According to many experiments, as shown in FIG. 4 (b), the inner diameter of the portion below the middle portion of the receiving tank overflow pipe 74 is made larger than the inner diameter of the portion above the middle portion, It is preferable to insert a plurality of receiving tank discharge pipes up to an intermediate step 81 so that a part of the flow cross-sectional area of the plurality of receiving tank discharge pipes is hidden by the step 81. If it is hidden, a more accurate uniform flow will be obtained.

FIG. 4C shows three receiving tank discharge pipes 77.
It is shown that a, 77b and 77c are inserted into the receiving tank overflow pipe 74 below the step 81. Also,
It is shown that the two receiving tank discharge pipes 77a and 77c are bent outward, and the central receiving tank overflow pipe 74b is straight. Further, overflow pipe discharge pipe gaps 82a, 82b, 82c, which are gaps between the outsides of the three receiving tank discharge pipes 77a, 77b, 77c and the inside of the receiving tank overflow pipe 74, are filled with epoxy filler or the like, The liquid 12 does not leak out from the gap.

In the distribution receiving tank 70 of FIG. 4, there are three receiving tank discharge pipes, and the liquid 12 flowing into the distribution receiving tank 70 is distributed into three streams, but the number of receiving tank discharge pipes is limited to three. However, a larger number of receiving tank discharge pipes are also possible. But,
When the inner diameter of the receiving tank discharge pipe is 2 mm or less, it should be decided in consideration that clogging is likely to occur, but in practice, 5 or less is preferable.

[0063]

Second Embodiment A second embodiment of a watering machine for gardening using the control method and the distribution receiving tank of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 5 shows a case where the present invention is applied to the flower stand 95 at the garden of a home.

In FIG. 5, the garden watering machine 10 is shown in FIG.
The solar battery 25 is of the same type as the garden watering machine described above, and the generated electric power can be controlled by the shield 27 whose tilt angle can be changed by the angle adjusting thumbscrew 40. The sunrise sun 94a emerges from the sunrise side mountain 91a, and as time passes, it is hidden as the sunset sun 94c in the residential area with the trees 93 of the sunset side mountain 91b.
Trying to hide in. Gardening watering machine 10 with shield 27
Indicates that the position of the sun that generates enough power to operate is from the sun 94b during the day to the sun 94c at sunset.

When the gardening watering machine 10 is operated, the water in the container descends inside the cylindrical support 18 and the discharge pipe 57 of the liquid supply mechanism.
As a result, the droplets 17 become droplets, which are dropped and stored in the rectangular distribution receiving tank 70. After a certain amount of water is stored, the water is discharged almost uniformly through the three branch tubes 96a, 96b, 96c, and the branch tube 96a is supplied to the flower 98 of the pot 97. The branch tube 96c supplies water to the flower 100 of the pot 99. The branch tube 96b is another rectangular distribution receiving tank 1
01 branch, then three branch tubes 102a, 1
02b, 102c, large square planter 103
The three flowers 104a, 104b, 104c are watered almost uniformly.

In the second embodiment shown in FIG. 5, by using the shield 27, the gardening watering machine 10 using the solar cell 25 is provided.
It shows that the operating time of is controlled. Also,
By using the distribution receiving tank of the present invention in a two-tier stack, the water in the container is distributed to the five water supply ports.

[0067]

EXAMPLE An example of the first embodiment will be shown.・ Liquid is water ・ Container is a polyethylene tank with an effective water depth of 24 cm and an inner diameter of 16.5 cm (5 liter capacity) ・ Solar cell is a commercially available silicon single crystal type (manufactured by Solartec), length 10 cm x width 7.5 cm, Voc (release voltage): 1.5 V, Isc (short-circuit current): Use one 400 mA-The motor driven by a solar cell is a commercially available (manufactured by Solar Tech) DC small motor H158 (manufactured by Solar Tech, 1.5 V). X40 mA, 1200 rpm) was used. As a measured value, the generated voltage of the solar cell operates at 1.1 V or more and stops at 0.3 V.・ The reduction gear uses a 5-step reduction gear with a reduction ratio of 6740. ・ The drive shaft uses an M4 screw (length 300 mm). ・ The outer cylinder of the liquid supply mechanism has an outer diameter of 25 mm and an inner diameter of 21 m.
Made of acrylic pipe with m and length of 60 mm. The upper and lower ends were made of acrylic plates. A brass pipe having an outer diameter of 5 mm and an inner diameter of 4 mm is used as the inflow pipe, the drive shaft guide pipe, and the discharge pipe. The lengths of the inflow pipe, the drive shaft guide pipe, and the discharge pipe are 20 mm, 40 mm, and 60 mm, respectively. Further, the discharge pipe was provided at the position where the center of the discharge pipe was 15 mm from the lower end of the outer cylinder. -The liquid supply mechanism fixture is an improved aluminum washing scissors. A plastic fixture at the tip was produced by tapping an M4 female screw at the joint at the center of the tip filler.・ The tube is made of silicon and has a length of 40 cm and an outer diameter of 7 m
m and an inner diameter of 5 mm were used. As the shield, a plate in which an acrylic plate of 10 cm × 8 cm × 3 mm (thickness) was painted black was used as the shield. The shield was constructed so that the shield could be manually fixed at an arbitrary angle with the side of 10 cm of the solar cell as a fulcrum.・ Distribution tank is 70mm (horizontal) x 35mm (vertical) x 80m
50 mm length in the center of the bottom of a rectangular container of m (depth)
An aluminum pipe having an inner diameter of 5 mm from the upper end to 35 mm and an inner diameter of 15 mm from the upper end to 35 mm to the lower end was inserted so as to vertically project inward from the bottom of the rectangular container by 30 mm by 30 mm. An aluminum pipe with a length of 30 mm protruding into a rectangular container, with an inner diameter of 16 mm and an outer diameter of 18 m
Concentric with an acrylic cylinder with a hemispherical tip and a hemispherical tip and a straight length of 30 mm, and fix the acrylic cylinder inside the rectangular container so that the gap between the lower end of the acrylic cylinder and the bottom of the rectangular container is 5 mm. did. -Three brass pipes (inner diameter: 3 mm, outer diameter: 4 mm, length: 35 mm) were bundled into an equilateral triangle in an 10 mm inner diameter portion of the aluminum pipe and pushed into the aluminum pipe, and the gap was filled with epoxy resin. Two of the three brass pipes had their lower ends bent slightly outward so that the tube could be easily inserted.

Under the above conditions, an experiment was conducted in the garden of the inventor on a sunny day in mid May. First, an experiment was conducted in which the light receiving surface of the solar cell was fixed horizontally and the long axis of the light receiving surface was fixed substantially parallel to the operation of the sun, and no shield was used. The experiment was started from the state immediately before the water was discharged from the discharge pipe (the liquid level of the container and the position level of the discharge pipe were the same). In this experiment, the horticultural watering machine operates for 7 hours (10: 0
It was 0 to 17:00). The output value of the solar cell at 13:00 was 1.5 V and 280 mA. The descending distance of the liquid supply mechanism in 7 hours was 52 mm, and the descending speed was 7.4 mm per hour. In addition, the drainage amount per day was 1115 cc in the measured value, but the drainage amount from the descending distance of the liquid supply mechanism was 1175 cc (0.785 cc).
It is calculated as × (16.5 cm) ² × 5.2 cm). The difference between the measured value and the calculated value is considered to be well tolerated for watering in gardening.

Next, an experiment was conducted using the same device under the same conditions except that the opening between the shielding plate and the solar cell was set to 45 degrees on the same day of fineness. The openings of the shielding plate and the solar cell were directed toward the sunset sun. 11:05 to 15: 0
The horticultural watering machine was operated only for 4 hours of 5 and the descent distance of the liquid supply mechanism during this period was 28 mm. The output value of the solar cell at 13:00 was 1.5 V and 150 mA. The rate of descent was 7 mm per hour. Also, 1
The actual amount of drainage per day is 555 cc, and the amount of drainage from the descent distance of the liquid supply mechanism is 598 cc (0.7
It is calculated as 85 x (16.5 cm) ² x 2.8 cm). The difference between the measured value and the calculated value is considered to be well tolerated for watering in gardening, as in the experiment without the shield.

When the distribution receiving tank stores 60 to 70 cc of water,
Due to the siphon principle, it spilled out of three receiving tank discharge pipes in a short time of about 10 seconds. Assuming that the descent rate of the liquid supply mechanism is approximately 7 mm / h, the water discharge rate of the garden watering machine is 150 cc / h (0.785 × (1
6.5 cm) ² × 0.7 cm), it can be seen that water flows out from the receiving tank discharge pipe of the distribution receiving tank at a rate of 2.1 to 2.5 times per hour. Moreover, when the variation in the flow rate of the three receiving tank discharge pipes was measured, it was about 20%, which seems to be within the range acceptable for watering in gardening.

Experiments have shown that even when the distribution receiving tank is installed at an inclination of 30 degrees or less with respect to the horizontal, the discharge amount obtained from the three receiving tank discharge pipes is almost the same as that when installed horizontally. It was From this, it was found that the distribution receiving tank of the present invention has a simple structure and is easy to handle at the time of installation.

From the results of the examples, in the same degree of fine weather, there is a difference in the generated power of the solar cell depending on the presence or absence of the shield, but there is no great difference in the descending speed of the liquid supply mechanism, and the garden water. It can be seen that there was a clear difference in the operating time of the equipment. From this fact, it is possible to control the operating time of the garden watering machine by providing a shield on the solar cell, and therefore the amount of drainage of the gardening water machine per day (= the amount of water supply to the flowering tree per day). It turns out that you can control.

Further, since the distribution receiving tank has a simple structure and can store the dripping water and distribute it to the reciprocal flow at once, it is convenient to supply water at one time, which is a convenient tool for watering gardening. Was found.

[0074]

[Reference example] Using the solar cell and the shielding plate used in the examples,
An irradiation experiment was conducted on a clear day (May), and the power value (voltage, current) was measured. The solar cell was placed horizontally and the long axis of the solar cell was parallel to the operation of the sun. The measurement was performed with and without the shield plate. The opening of the shielding plate and the solar cell was 45 degrees, and the opening was directed toward the sunset sun. The measurement was performed for several days. The measurement results are shown in Table 1.

[0075]

[Table 1]

From the above table, it can be seen that the power value (voltage, current) of the solar cell changes greatly from the start to the stop of the garden watering machine, but the change in the descent rate of the liquid supply mechanism is small. Also, at the same operating time, the power value is smaller with the shield plate (since the light receiving area of the solar cell is smaller due to the shadow of the shield plate), but the difference in the descending speed of the liquid supply mechanism due to the presence or absence of the shield is extremely large. It turns out to be small. Since the amount of drop of the liquid supply mechanism is proportional to the amount of water discharged from the garden watering machine, the power generated by the solar cell is
Regardless of whether it changes day or night or with or without a shielding plate, as long as the garden watering machine is operating, there will be a large difference from the viewpoint of the water supply amount of flowers and trees per hour. I understand that it is not.

[0077]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION A shade of arbitrary size is formed on the light receiving surface of a solar cell by controlling the power generated by the solar cell, thereby controlling the start time and stop time of the garden watering machine. Since the configuration is possible, it becomes possible to control the operating time of the garden watering machine per day. Therefore, it is possible to freely control the daily water supply amount from the garden watering machine to the flowers and trees, and it is possible to plan the water supply to the flowers and trees having different daily water supply amounts even with the same gardening watering machine. Become.

Since the distribution receiving tank of the present invention has a structure capable of distributing one liquid flow into a plurality of flows having substantially equal flow rates, it can be discharged from a gardening water dispenser by applying it to a gardening water dispenser. It is possible to branch one flow into a plurality of flows, to supply water to a plurality of flowers and trees, and to provide a plurality of water supply points in one large pot.

Since the distribution receiving tank of the present invention is constructed so that the water in the distribution receiving tank can be discharged as a plurality of streams under the pressure of the water level, the flow of water is from top to bottom. The flower bed is often used, and as another example, it is preferably used for the balcony of the apartment or the stairs in front of the entrance.

By using the electric power of the solar cell, it is possible to supply water to a plurality of pots in a place where there is no outlet for household power, so gardening can be performed in a place where electricity cannot be used, such as a veranda or the outdoors. It becomes possible to enjoy.

In the distribution receiving tank of the present invention, the inflowing liquid is stored in a fixed amount, and then the liquid can be distributed into a plurality of flows by utilizing the principle of the siphon. Therefore, the levelness at the time of mounting the distribution receiving tank is strict. It became possible to handle it easily without the need.

In the distribution receiving tank of the present invention, even a very small amount of flow such as a drop is distributed to a plurality of flows having substantially equal flow rates by a simple mechanism based on the siphon principle without using power of a pump or the like. Since it can be configured, it has a wide range of applications and can be applied to applications other than gardening watering machines.

A conventional watering machine for gardening (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-25-25
4481 "Liquid discharge and supply device"), a liquid discharge and supply device for gardening using a solar cell is based on a natural law.
It is a device that utilizes solar energy, and a solar cell requires a minimum unit cell (1.5 V, 400 mA). However, in the method for controlling the generated power of the solar cell of the present invention and the distribution tank, the minimum unit Since the solar cell has a simple structure and can be controlled in more detail, complex and diverse water and tree water supply plans are possible.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a control method using a shield according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a liquid supply mechanism.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a distribution receiving tank of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a bowl-shaped trap of a conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

1… Trap outer cylinder 2… Extraction tube 3 ………… Trap inner cylinder 4… Drainage 5 ... Liquid level of sealing water 6 ... bottom liquid level 10 ... gardening watering machine 11 ... Container 12 ... liquid 13 ……… Container surface 14 Ejection port 15 tube 16a, 16b ... Tube end 17 ... Droplet 18 ... Cylindrical support 19 Ejection pipe lifting slit 20a, 20b ... Slit end 21 ... Slit through tube 22 ... Drive shaft 23 ... Drive mechanism 24 ... Rotation confirmation plate 25 ... solar cell 26 Orientation universal joint 27 ... Shield 28 ………… Solar support 29 ... Electric wire 30 ... watering machine stand 31a ... sunrise mountain 31b ... Sunset side mountain 32a ... sunrise sun 32b ... the sun in the daytime 32c ... sunset sun 33 ‥‥‥ The solar service route 34 ‥‥‥ Shield No irradiation angle 35 ‥‥‥ The service route of the sun 36 ‥‥‥ The sun travels 37 ... Shielding irradiation angle 38 ........ Solar cell shaded area 39 ... Solar cell irradiation area 40 ..... Angle adjustment thumbscrew 41 ... Shield rotating plate 42 ... Shielding angle 43 ... Shield mounting plate 44 ... Rotating plate fixed nut 45 ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ Thumbscrew mounting plate 50 ... Liquid supply mechanism 51 ... Outer cylinder 52 ... Inflow pipe 53 ... Drive shaft induction tube 54 ... Notch 55 ... Top plate 56 ... Top plate through hole 57 Exhaust pipe 58 ........ Liquid supply mechanism fixing tool 59a, 59b ... Fixing handle 60 ... 61 ... Spring 62a, 62b ... Fixing tool tip filling material 63a, 63b ... Half-split female thread 64 ... Liquid supply mechanism Liquid level 70 ···· Distribution tank 71 ... Outer frame of receiving tank 72 ... Receptacle inner cylinder 73 ... Bottom gap 74 ... Receiving tank overflow pipe 75 ........ Inner pipe overflow pipe gap 76 ... Top gap 77a, 77b, 77c ... Receiving tank discharge pipe 78 ... upper liquid level 79 ... lower liquid level 80 ... overflow liquid 81 ... Step 82a, 82b, 82c ... overflow pipe discharge pipe gap 83a, 83b, 83c, 83d ... Retaining vessel inner cylinder fixing plate 91a ... Mountain at sunrise 91b ... Mountain on the sunset side 92 ... residence 93 ... Tree 94a ... sunrise sun 94b ... day sun 94c ... sunset sun 95 Flower stand 96a, 96b, 96c ... Branching tube 97 ... bowl 98 ... flowers 99 ... bowl 100 ... flowers 101 ・ ・ ・ Distribution receiving tank 102a, 102b, 102c ... Branching tube 103 ... Square planter 104a, 104b, 104c ... Flowers

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A horticultural watering machine which does not use a pump and which is operated by electric power generated by a solar cell, wherein a plate-shaped shield is provided above the solar cell and the solar cell receives light received by sunlight. By decreasing the area by the shadow of the shield at an arbitrary rate, the operation time of the garden watering machine can be arbitrarily reduced, and the amount of aqueous solution discharged per day of the gardening water machine is controlled. Of controlling the discharge amount of the aqueous solution of the machine. 2. A receiving tank overflow pipe of a finite length for discharging the liquid is vertically passed through a bottom portion of the receiving tank into which the liquid flows, and an upper end is closed and an lower end is opened at the inside of the receiving tank overflow pipe. A receiving tank having an inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of the receiving tank overflow pipe, wherein the liquid in the receiving tank is a gap between the lower end of the receiving tank inner cylinder and the inner surface of the bottom of the receiving tank. Flowing through the gap between the inner surface of the receiving tank inner cylinder and the outer surface of the receiving tank overflow pipe, and the gap between the upper inner surface of the receiving tank inner cylinder and the upper end of the receiving tank overflow pipe, and discharging from the receiving tank overflow pipe In the receiving tank, insert a plurality of receiving tank discharge pipes having an outer diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the receiving tank overflow pipe into the lower part of the receiving tank overflow pipe, and leak water through the gap between the inside of the receiving tank overflow pipe and the receiving tank discharge pipe. A distribution receiving tank that is closed so that the liquid flowing into the receiving tank is distributed and discharged into multiple streams. 3. A horticultural water which receives the discharged liquid of a horticultural watering machine which does not use a pump and which is operated by electric power generated by a solar cell, into the distribution receiving tank according to claim 2, and then supplies a plurality of flowers and trees with water. Distributing method of effluent from the machine.