JP2003002421A - Supplying device of powder and grain - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve a problem wherein powder and grain overflow from a chute part caused by clogging of a discharge pipe to charge maximum load to a transfer part. SOLUTION: This supplying device comprises a hopper part 2 for storing the powder and grain, the transfer part 3 for transferring the stored powder and grain out of the hopper part 2, the chute part 4 that is connected to the terminal end of the transfer of the transfer part 3 and receives the transferred powder and grain, the discharge pipe 5 that is connected to the lower part of the chute part 4 and discharges the powder and grain inputted into the chute part 4 to a supplied destination, and an overflow pipe 31 that is connected to the upper part than the discharge pipe 5 in the chute part 4 and returns the powder and grain accumulating in the chute part 4 to the hopper part 2.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a powdery or granular material supply device for supplying powdery or granular material such as fertilizer to a fertilizer applicator or the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a powder and granular material supply device of this type, a distribution device for distributing and supplying a fertilizer as a powder and granular material to a plurality of fertilizer hoppers provided in a fertilizer applicator is Mitsubo No. 300363.
No. 1 and Jitsubo No. 3068426 are known. This device has an inverted quadrangular pyramid shape and is capable of accommodating fertilizer inside, a hopper provided in the hopper in an upright state, a conveyor for transferring fertilizer in the hopper upward, and connected to the upper end of this conveyor. In addition, it has a cylindrical chute into which the fertilizer transferred upward is introduced, and a discharge pipe connected to the lower end of the chute.

Then, by operating the conveyor with the discharge pipe directed toward the fertilizer hopper of the fertilizer applicator, the fertilizer in the hopper is transferred upward and is also charged into the chute, and is flowed from the chute to the discharge pipe to be used as fertilizer. It was supposed to be supplied to the hopper.

[0004]

The discharge pipe has a bellows portion whose directional angle is variable so that the fertilizer can be distributed and supplied to a plurality of fertilizer hoppers of the fertilizer applicator. However, if the discharge pipe is largely bent at the bellows portion, the flow of the fertilizer is obstructed and clogged, and the fertilizer may stay in the chute and overflow. Also, when the fertilizer hopper of the fertilizer applicator is full and the supply is continued, the fertilizer may overflow in the chute part.

When the fertilizer overflows in the chute portion in this way, an excessive load is applied to the conveyer which continuously inputs the fertilizer, which causes a failure, and the fertilizer is overflowed from the conveyer despite the overflow. When the fertilizer was thrown in, the fertilizer was pushed into the chute, and it took a lot of labor and time to take out the fertilizer from the chute and the discharge pipe thereafter. By the way, as fertilizers for crops, there are chemical fertilizers containing various fertilizer elements in a predetermined ratio in advance. However, these chemical fertilizers have a single component mixture ratio and are expensive, and recently, soil fertilizer It is often practiced to independently mix and use a plurality of types of simple fertilizers, secondary elements, and trace elements according to the type of crops.

However, such a fertilizer mixing operation is an operation individually performed as a preparatory step of the supply operation by the above-mentioned supply device, and it requires a new labor and burden, and therefore, the same fertilizer is used. There has been a strong demand to mix fertilizers using the handling equipment handled, and achieving this has been an issue. On the other hand, the above-mentioned feeding device is mounted on a truck bed, moved to the field, and feeds fertilizer to the fertilizer applicator while being mounted on the truck bed. Since it was fixed, the direction in which fertilizer could be supplied was determined when the supply device was placed on the carrier.

Therefore, the truck is moved so that the fertilizer supply direction matches the standby position of the fertilizer applicator, or the feeder is set, or the fertilizer applicator is detoured so as to match the fertilizer supply direction. It was necessary, and it took a lot of time and effort at the preparation stage before the shift to the supply work, which caused the work efficiency to deteriorate. The present invention aims to solve the above problems.

[0008]

The present invention takes the following technical means in order to achieve the above object. The powdery- or granular-material supplying apparatus according to the present invention is connected to a hopper portion for storing the powdery or granular material, a transfer portion for transferring the powdery or granular material accommodated in the hopper portion upward, and a transfer end of the transfer portion. And a chute part into which the transferred powder and granules are charged, a discharge pipe connected to the lower part of the chute part and discharging the powder and granules charged into the chute part to a supply target, and the chute in the chute part An overflow pipe connected to a higher level than the discharge pipe and returning the powder or granular material accumulated in the chute portion at a predetermined amount or more to the hopper portion again.

According to this structure, even if the powder or granules are retained in the chute due to clogging or the like, the surplus powder or granules are returned to the hopper through the overflow pipe. Therefore, the granules rarely overflow in the chute part, so that an excessive load is applied to the transfer part, and the troublesome work of removing the granules pushed into the chute part is unnecessary. Become. It is preferable that the overflow pipe is arranged so as to return the granular material toward the transfer start end portion of the transfer unit.

It is recommended that a shutter for restricting the flow of the powdery particles to the discharge pipe is provided below the connection portion of the overflow pipe in the chute portion so as to be openable and closable. In this case, by closing the shutter, the flow of the powder or granules to the discharge pipe is blocked, and most of the powder or granules thrown into the chute portion is returned from the overflow pipe to the hopper portion. Therefore, the granular material is circulated between the hopper section, the transfer section, and the chute section, and the granular particles are mixed through this circulation. It is possible to perform continuous work such as performing the mixing and then moving the supply device to the field as it is and supplying it to the fertilizer applicator, etc., so that the burden on the operator can be reduced and the mixing work and the supply work can be efficiently performed. Become.

The hopper unit has a hopper body for accommodating the granular material and a pedestal for supporting the hopper body. The hopper body is provided so as to be rotatable about the vertical axis with respect to the pedestal. Is preferred. In this case, by rotating the hopper main body with respect to the gantry, the discharge direction (supply direction) of the powder or granular material can be easily changed, and the setting of the supply device for the fertilizer applicator or the like can be performed quickly and easily. Become. The hopper unit is configured to have a hopper body that contains powder and granular material, the hopper body is configured to have a downwardly tapered funnel portion at the bottom, and the powder and granular material is provided inside the funnel portion. It is preferable to provide a load carrying member formed by a porous member that allows passage.

By carrying the load of the granular material accumulated in the hopper body by such a load carrying member, it is less likely that the granular material is compacted in the funnel portion, and the bridge phenomenon occurs in the hopper body. It is possible to prevent the occurrence of a load and an excessive load on the transfer unit.

[0013]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 3, a powdery- or granular-material feeding device 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a plurality of fertilizer hoppers H each provided with a fertilizer F of a crop as a powdery or granular material in a fertilizer applicator (seeder). Configured as a distribution device that distributes and supplies the fertilizer to the hopper 2, a transfer unit 3 that transfers the fertilizer F in the hopper unit 2 upward, and a transfer unit 3
Chute part 4 into which fertilizer is input from the transfer end (upper end) of
And the fertilizer F put in the chute section 4 into the fertilizer hopper H.
It has a discharge pipe 5 for discharging to (supply target).

The hopper unit 2 has a hopper body 10 for accommodating the powder and granules therein, and a mount 11 for supporting the hopper body 10. The gantry 11 has four legs 1 on the front, rear, left and right.
It has a substantially rectangular frame shape in which 1a is connected to each other by a frame body 11b. The hopper body 10 is formed in a quadrangular cylinder shape at the upper part, and has an inverted quadrangular pyramid funnel part 10a at the lower part. At the lower end of the funnel part 10a, an opening 13 which can be opened and closed by a shutter 12 is provided. A flange portion 14 that is formed and protrudes in the horizontal direction is provided on the outer peripheral portion of the funnel portion 10a.

Further, the upper end of the hopper body 10 is open, and a lid is appropriately attached and detached. The flange portion 14 is mounted on the gantry 11 via a swivel tool 15 composed of bearings, rollers, and the like, and the hopper body 10 is mounted on the gantry 11 via the swivel tool 15 in the vertical direction of the center axis X. It is supported so that it can rotate around. Further, in order to position the hopper body 10 with respect to the gantry 11 at a predetermined turning position, a positioning pin 16 is detachably attached between the flange portion 14 and the gantry 10.

The transfer section 3 is fixed to the hopper main body 10 in an upright state via a mounting frame 17 which is installed inside the hopper main body 10. Specifically, the transfer unit 3 includes a case 20 having a rectangular tube shape and a conveyor 21 installed in the case 20, the lower side is disposed in the center of the lower part of the hopper body 10, and the upper side is the hopper. It projects upward from the main body 10 and is inclined toward one side of the hopper main body 10. In the present embodiment, the direction in which the transfer section 3 is inclined will be described as the front side and the opposite side as the rear side.

The conveyor 21 is provided with buckets 23 at a constant pitch on a running belt 22 that is stretched over the top and bottom of the case 20, and a chain transmission mechanism 25 is provided from a drive motor 24 provided on the front side of the chute section 4. The power is transmitted through the motor, so that it makes a rounding motion in the direction of arrow A. Then, the fertilizer F on the bottom of the hopper body 10 is scooped by the bucket 23 by the running motion, lifted upward, and thrown into the chute 4 at the upper end position.

The chute portion 4 has a substantially rectangular tube shape and is connected to the upper front surface of the case 20 of the transfer portion 3. Further, when viewed from the side, it is directed obliquely downward and forward, and is formed in a slightly downward tapered shape. The discharge pipe 5 includes a flexible pipe portion 5a formed of a bellows pipe connected to a lower end portion of the chute portion 4, and a straight pipe portion 5 connected to a lower end of the flexible pipe portion 5a.
b, the straight pipe portion 5b is extendable / contractible in the longitudinal direction by a telescopic structure or the like, and the operation switch 26 of the drive motor 24 is provided at the lower end portion thereof.

An overflow port 30 is formed on the lower side of the left and right side surfaces of the chute portion 4, and an overflow pipe 31 is connected to the overflow port 30. The overflow pipe 31 extends from the chute portion 4 while inclining rearward and downward, the discharge port 31a at the rear end thereof reaches the vicinity of the substantially central portion of the hopper body 10 in the plane, and the hopper body 10
It is arranged inside. A shutter 35 that can be opened and closed is provided below the chute unit 4.
The opening of 5 allows the flow of the fertilizer F from the chute portion 4 to the discharge pipe 5, and the closing of the flow restricts the flow of the fertilizer F so that it does not enter the discharge pipe 5. Further, the overflow port 30 is provided above the shutter.

The shutter 35 may be manually opened / closed from the outside of the chute portion 4, or may be automatically opened / closed by using a driving means such as an electromagnetic solenoid. As shown in FIG. 1, the feeding device 1 having the above-described configuration is mounted on the loading platform T1 of the truck T and moved to the field where the fertilizer applicator is on standby, and the lower end portion of the discharge pipe 5 is kept mounted on the loading platform T1. To the fertilizer hopper H of the fertilizer applicator. At this time, since the hopper body 10 can be turned around the vertical axis X with respect to the gantry 11, the discharge pipe 5 can be easily directed to the fertilizer applicator S.

For example, as shown in FIG. 5, when a field K or the like is sectioned on both sides of a ridge or a farm road D, the farm road D
By turning the hopper main body 10 by positioning the feeding device 1 at a predetermined position, it is possible to direct the discharge pipes 5 to the fertilizer applicators S on both sides so that the fertilizer feeding work can be performed immediately. Has become. of course,
The fertilizer applicator arranged after the truck T can also be easily supplied with the transfer section 3 and the discharge pipe 5 directed. Next, by operating the conveyor 21, the fertilizer F in the hopper body 10 is picked up by the bucket 23, transferred to the upper side, and thrown into the chute section 4 at the upper end (transfer end).

The fertilizer F introduced into the chute section 4 naturally flows to the discharge pipe 5 due to gravity, and the fertilizer hopper H of the fertilizer applicator.
Is supplied to. When the supply of the fertilizer F to one fertilizer hopper H is completed, the directivity angle of the discharge pipe 5 is changed via the flexible pipe portion 5a toward the other fertilizer hopper H, and the same operation as above is repeated. In the above supply operation, if the fertilizer is clogged by bending the flexible tube portion 5a largely, or if the fertilizer hopper H is full and the supply is still continued, the fertilizer will stay in the chute portion 4. However, at this time, care should be taken to prevent excess fertilizer that has accumulated over a predetermined amount from flowing from the overflow port 30 to the overflow pipe 31 and returning to the hopper body 10 by its own weight, so that the fertilizer F does not overflow in the chute section 4. Has been done.

As a result, there is almost no excessive load on the conveyor 21, and therefore there is almost no failure. Further, since the overflow pipes 31 are provided on both the left and right sides of the chute portion 4, the fertilizer F hardly accumulates and overflows in the chute portion 4 in a state of being biased to the left or right side. Further, since the discharge port 31a of the overflow pipe 31 is disposed inside the hopper body 10, it is possible to prevent the fertilizer F discharged from the discharge port 31a from being diffused to the outside of the hopper body 10 by wind or the like. There is.

The fertilizer F returned to the hopper body 10 is the central portion of the plane of the hopper body 10 (the transfer start end of the transfer section 3).
Is discharged to the vicinity of the hopper body 10
Since the fertilizer F is reduced from the vicinity of the transfer section 3, it is possible to prevent the fertilizer F from being biased in the hopper body 10 by positively returning the fertilizer to the reduced portion. In the state where the fertilizer F normally flows from the chute section 4 to the discharge pipe 5, when the fertilizer F input from the transfer section 3 is directly discharged from the overflow port 31, the supply amount to the fertilizer applicator decreases, The work efficiency will deteriorate.

Therefore, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, a guide member 38 for controlling the flow is provided inside the overflow port 30 so that the fertilizer F input from above is not directly discharged from the overflow port 30. It has become a thing. The guide member 38 is formed in an umbrella shape as shown in FIG. 4 (a), or as shown in FIG. 4 (b).
It can be formed in an eave shape that projects obliquely downward from the upper side of the overflow port 30, whereby the fertilizer F accumulated from the lower side in the chute portion 4 is suitably discharged from the overflow port 30 and the supply efficiency is impaired. I try not to.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the funnel portion in the hopper body 10 is provided with a load carrying member 39 formed of a porous member such as a wire mesh which allows fertilizer to pass therethrough. The funnel portion 10a is formed by the load carrying member 39.
The fertilizer F is prevented from being compressed in the. That is, when a large amount of fertilizer F is accumulated in the hopper body 10, the fertilizer F in the funnel portion 10a is compacted by the load, and the fertilizer in the vicinity of the transfer portion 3 is transferred, but the periphery thereof flows to the transfer portion 3. However, there is a possibility that a bridging phenomenon that causes hollowing occurs, or that the fertilizer that is compacted overloads the transfer unit 3 to cause a failure or slip of the conveyor 21. As a result, the pressure applied to the fertilizer F on the lower side of the funnel portion 10a is reduced, and the bridge phenomenon or the like can be prevented.

The supply device 1 described above also has a function of mixing the fertilizer in the hopper body 10 by utilizing the overflow pipe 31 and the shutter 35. That is, by closing the shutter 35, the flow of the fertilizer F to the discharge pipe 5 is regulated, and by operating the conveyor 21 in this state, the fertilizer F in the hopper body 10 is transferred to the transfer unit 3, the chute unit 4, and the overflow. The tubes 31 are circulated and returned to the hopper body 10 again, and the circulation is repeated to allow mixing.

Therefore, the worker can automatically perform the mixing work by the above circulation by merely putting a plurality of types of fertilizers F1 and F2 in the hopper main body 10 in a laminated form as shown in FIG. After mixing, it becomes possible to directly shift to the supply work without transferring the fertilizer F, etc., which reduces the burden on the worker and improves the work efficiency. The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and can be modified in design as appropriate. Although the overflow pipes 31 are provided on both the left and right sides of the chute portion 4, they may be provided on only one side, or may be provided on another portion of the chute portion 4.

The hopper body 10 may have a cylindrical upper portion and a lower conical funnel portion. The powder or granule targeted by the present invention may be not only a fertilizer but also a soil improving agent, a disinfectant, and the like, and the supply target is not limited to the above.

[0030]

As described above in detail, according to the present invention, even if the powder or granular material stays in the chute, the surplus powder or granular material is returned to the hopper through the overflow pipe.
It is almost impossible for the powder fluid to overflow in the chute portion, which can prevent the transfer portion from being overloaded.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view of a supply device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of the supply device.

FIG. 3 is a front sectional view schematically showing the supply device.

FIG. 4 is a front view showing a guide member.

FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a usage pattern of the supply device in a field or the like.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 feeder 2 hopper 3 transfer section 4 Shooting section 5 discharge pipe 10 hopper body 11 stand 31 overflow pipe 35 shutter

   ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page    F term (reference) 3F034 DA02 DB02 DB03 DC07 DD03                       DD05 DE01 DE08                 3F075 AA08 BA01 BB01 CA03 CA08                       CB13 CC01 CC11 CC21 CD11                       CD12 CD18 DA01 DA17

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A hopper part for containing powder and granular material, a transfer part for transferring the powder and granular material contained in the hopper part upward, and a powder and granular material connected to and transferred to a transfer end of the transfer part. Is inserted into the chute, a discharge pipe connected to the lower part of the chute and discharging the granular material charged into the chute to the supply target, and a discharge pipe in the chute that is connected to a higher position than the discharge pipe. And an overflow pipe for returning the powder or granular material accumulated in the chute portion to a predetermined level or more to the hopper portion again. 2. The powdery or granular material supply device according to claim 1, wherein the overflow pipe is arranged so as to return the powdery or granular material toward the transfer start end portion of the transfer section. 3. A shutter for restricting the flow of powder or granular material to the discharge pipe is provided below the connection portion of the overflow pipe in the chute portion so as to be openable and closable. 2. The powdery or granular material supply device according to 2. 4. The hopper unit has a hopper body for accommodating powder particles and a pedestal for supporting the hopper body, and the hopper body is supported rotatably about a longitudinal axis with respect to the pedestal. The powder and granular material supply device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that. 5. The hopper unit has a hopper body for accommodating the granular material, and the hopper body has a downwardly tapered funnel portion at a lower portion thereof, and the granular material is provided inside the funnel portion. The powdery- or granular-material supply device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a load-carrying member formed of a porous member that allows passage.