JP2003000555A - Central blood pressure waveform estimating device and peripheral blood pressure waveform detecting device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a central blood pressure waveform estimating device, with which a blood pressure waveform in the center can be derived by using non-invasively detected peripheral pulse waveforms. SOLUTION: A central blood pressure waveform estimating device 10 is provided with a pulse wave detecting unit 60 for non-invasively detecting peripheral pulse waves, a transfer function storing unit 26 for storing a previously calculated transfer function based on peripheral pulse waves detected by the pulse wave detecting unit 60 or similarly formed detecting unit and invasively measured central blood pressure waveforms, and a central blood pressure waveform calculating unit 30 for calculating a central blood pressure waveform corresponding to a pulse waveform at a periphery newly detected by the pulse wave detecting unit 60 by using the pulse waveform and the transfer function.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a central blood pressure waveform estimation device and a peripheral blood pressure waveform detection device.

[0002]

Background Art and Problems to be Solved by the Invention Central blood pressure, that is, blood pressure and blood pressure waveform at the origin of the aorta, is used to formulate a treatment policy for patients with heart disease, prognosis management after surgery and treatment, strength management in exercise therapy, etc. Can be important information in. However, central blood pressure is difficult to measure non-invasively. In addition, it is particularly difficult to measure when the patient is exercising. Therefore, the central blood pressure and the blood pressure waveform are rarely used clinically.

By the way, the blood pressure waveform in peripheral blood vessels is
It can be regarded as a result that the central blood pressure waveform is changed by the transfer characteristic of the conduit for transmitting the pressure wave. Based on this idea, the transfer function between the blood pressure waveform in the aortic origin and the blood pressure waveform in the peripheral artery, for example, the brachial artery or the radial artery, that is, the pressure pulse wave waveform is measured in advance, and such a transfer function is measured. It is known that the central blood pressure waveform can be derived from the pressure pulse waveform in the peripheral artery with a very high degree of accuracy.

The pressure pulse wave in the peripheral artery, for example, the radial artery, is measured by a pressure sensor pressed by the artery so that a part of the blood vessel wall is flattened. ), It is also known that non-invasive detection can be performed with high accuracy.

Regarding research on these, for example,
“McDo” by Nichols, WW and O'Rourke, MF
nald's Blood Flow in Arteries-Theoretical, exper
imental and clinical principles (Fourth Edition) ”
Chapter 22 of the.

However, in order to stably detect the pulse wave in the peripheral arteries such as the radial artery using the applanation pressure measurement method, it is necessary to make the measurement in a resting state.

Further, when deriving the blood pressure waveform in the aorta from the pulse wave in the peripheral artery, only one transfer function was used regardless of the age and condition of the subject.
In some cases, the accuracy of the derived blood pressure waveform in the aorta could not be maintained.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and an object thereof is to provide a central blood pressure waveform estimation apparatus which exhibits at least one of the following operational effects.

1) The blood pressure waveform in the center can be derived using the non-invasively detected peripheral pulse waveform.

2) The pulse wave in the peripheral artery can be stably detected without restraining the subject in a resting state.

3) The blood pressure waveform in the center can be derived with high accuracy from the pulse wave in the peripheral arteries, regardless of the age and condition of the subject.

[0012]

A central blood pressure waveform estimating apparatus according to a first aspect of the present invention non-invasively detects a pulse wave in the periphery, and a pulse wave detecting section for detecting the pulse wave. A pulse wave waveform in the periphery, and a transfer function storage unit that stores a transfer function previously calculated based on a central blood pressure waveform corresponding to the pulse wave waveform, and the pulse wave detection unit newly detected by the pulse wave detection unit. It is characterized by having a central blood pressure waveform calculating unit that calculates a central blood pressure waveform corresponding to the pulse waveform using the peripheral pulse waveform and the transfer function.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, it is possible to derive the blood pressure waveform at the central portion, that is, the aortic origin, by using the non-invasively detected peripheral pulse waveform.

A central blood pressure waveform estimating apparatus according to a second aspect of the present invention is a pulse wave detecting section for non-invasively detecting a pulse wave in the peripheral, a pulse wave waveform detected in advance in the peripheral, and a pulse wave concerned. A transfer function storage unit that stores a transfer function calculated in advance based on a central blood pressure waveform corresponding to the wave waveform,
By using the transfer function and the pulse wave waveform in the periphery newly detected by the pulse wave detection unit, a central blood pressure waveform calculation unit that calculates a central blood pressure waveform corresponding to the pulse wave waveform. It has a feature.

The "preliminarily detected peripheral pulse wave waveform" described herein is detected by, for example, a pulse wave detector formed in the same manner as the pulse wave detector.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the blood pressure waveform in the aorta can be derived by using the non-invasively detected peripheral pulse wave waveform.

Further, a transfer function previously calculated using the peripheral pulse wave waveform detected by the pulse wave detector formed similarly to the pulse wave detector of the central blood pressure waveform estimating apparatus is stored in the transfer function storage unit. Therefore, it is not necessary to calculate the transfer function for each central blood pressure waveform estimation device.

A central blood pressure waveform estimating apparatus according to a third aspect of the present invention includes a pulse wave detecting section for non-invasively detecting a pulse wave in the periphery and a portion near the site where the pulse wave detecting section detects a pulse wave. A blood pressure measurement unit that measures blood pressure, a conversion unit that converts the pulse wave waveform detected by the pulse wave detection unit into a blood pressure waveform in the periphery by using the blood pressure value measured by the blood pressure measurement unit, and the pulse wave detection A blood pressure waveform detected by the conversion unit and obtained by the conversion by the conversion unit, and a transfer function storage unit that stores a transfer function calculated in advance based on a central blood pressure waveform corresponding to the blood pressure waveform; and the pulse wave detection unit. A blood pressure waveform in the periphery newly detected by the conversion unit obtained by the conversion unit, and using the transfer function, a central blood pressure waveform calculation unit that calculates a central blood pressure waveform corresponding to the blood pressure waveform, It is characterized by having.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the blood pressure waveform in the aorta can be derived by using the blood pressure waveform in the peripheral obtained by converting the pulse wave waveform in the peripheral detected non-invasively. .

A central blood pressure waveform estimating apparatus according to a fourth aspect of the present invention includes a pulse wave detecting section for non-invasively detecting a peripheral pulse wave and a portion near the pulse wave detecting section for detecting the pulse wave. A blood pressure value storage unit that stores the blood pressure value measured in advance,
Using the blood pressure value stored in the blood pressure value storage unit, a conversion unit that converts the pulse wave waveform detected by the pulse wave detection unit into a blood pressure waveform in the periphery, and a blood pressure waveform obtained by the conversion by the conversion unit. And a transfer function storage unit that stores a transfer function calculated in advance based on the central blood pressure waveform corresponding to the blood pressure waveform, and the transfer function storage unit newly detected by the pulse wave detection unit and obtained by the conversion by the conversion unit. A blood pressure waveform in the periphery and a central blood pressure waveform calculation unit that calculates a central blood pressure waveform corresponding to the blood pressure waveform by using the transfer function are characterized by being included.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, a blood pressure value storage section is used in place of the blood pressure measuring section according to the third aspect of the present invention, and a non-invasively detected peripheral pulse wave waveform is used. Thus, the blood pressure waveform in the aorta can be derived.

The central blood pressure waveform estimating apparatus according to the first to fourth aspects of the present invention is a central blood pressure waveform index for deriving an index of the central blood pressure waveform from the central blood pressure waveform calculated by the central blood pressure waveform calculating section. You may further provide the derivation | leading-out part.

The index derived by the central blood pressure waveform index deriving unit may be presystolic blood pressure.

The index derived by the central blood pressure waveform index deriving unit may be the late systolic blood pressure.

The index derived by the central blood pressure waveform index deriving unit may be diastolic blood pressure.

The index derived by the central blood pressure waveform index deriving unit may be a differential pressure between the late systolic blood pressure and the blood pressure at the notch.

The index derived by the central blood pressure waveform index deriving unit may be the ratio of the late systolic blood pressure to the blood pressure at the peak of the regurgitation wave.

A central blood pressure waveform estimation apparatus including the central blood pressure waveform index deriving unit stores a central blood pressure waveform index storage unit that stores the central blood pressure waveform index, and a central blood pressure waveform index derived by the central blood pressure waveform index storage unit and the central blood pressure waveform index storage unit. The blood pressure waveform index storage unit may further include a fluctuation analysis unit that analyzes fluctuations in the central blood pressure waveform index based on the central blood pressure waveform index stored in the blood pressure waveform index storage unit.

The fluctuation analysis unit, based on the index of the central blood pressure waveform stored in the central blood pressure waveform index storage unit, the index of the central blood pressure waveform when the basal metabolism of the subject is in the lowest region for a predetermined period. A basal central blood pressure waveform index deriving section for deriving a basal central blood pressure waveform index, and a basal central blood pressure waveform index storage section for storing the basal central blood pressure waveform index derived by the basal central blood pressure waveform index deriving section,
Based on the index of the central blood pressure waveform derived by the central blood pressure waveform index deriving unit, and the basal central blood pressure waveform index stored in the basal central blood pressure waveform index storage unit, the central blood pressure waveform You may make it analyze the fluctuation | variation of the index.

A central blood pressure waveform estimating apparatus including the central blood pressure waveform index deriving unit, a data input unit into which the actual age of the subject is input, an index of the central blood pressure waveform derived by the central blood pressure waveform index deriving unit, and A comparative analysis unit that performs comparative analysis of the index of the central blood pressure waveform based on the standard index of the central blood pressure waveform at the actual age may be further provided.

In the central blood pressure waveform estimating apparatus according to the first to fourth aspects of the present invention, the pulse wave detecting section causes the volume pulse wave varying in accordance with the blood flow volume in the capillaries existing near the skin. It may be formed so as to be detected as a change in the amount of red blood cells.

This makes it possible to stably detect the pulse wave in the peripheral artery without restraining the subject in a resting state.

The plethysmogram that changes in accordance with the blood flow can be regarded as a variation in the amount of red blood cells in the capillary network existing near the skin. This variation can be detected as, for example, a change in the amount of light transmitted or reflected on the skin, and thus can be detected without adjusting the sensor to the position of the peripheral artery, for example, the radial artery. Therefore, the pulse wave detection unit can stably detect fluctuations in the amount of red blood cells in capillaries existing near the skin as pulse waves (volume pulse waves) in peripheral arteries.

In the central blood pressure waveform estimating apparatus according to the first to fourth aspects of the present invention, the transfer function storage unit is different in a plurality of situations for the same subject, for example, at least one of a cardiac function state and an arterial state. Multiple transfer functions can be stored that correspond to multiple situations. Even in the same subject, the transfer function is not constant, and cardiac function status, arterial status,
The transfer function fluctuates depending on the state of mental tension or relaxation. Since the state of the subject at the time of measuring the pulse wave to estimate the central blood pressure waveform is various, the transfer function is stored in correspondence with various situations. In this case, the central blood pressure waveform calculation unit selects, from the plurality of transfer functions, a transfer function corresponding to a pulse rate derived from the pulse wave, for example, based on the information detected by the pulse wave detection unit. Then, the central blood pressure waveform may be calculated.

In this way, the blood pressure waveform in the center can be derived with high accuracy from the pulse wave in the peripheral arteries, regardless of the activity state of the subject.

In the central blood pressure waveform estimation apparatus according to the first to fourth aspects of the present invention, the transfer function storage unit stores a plurality of transfer functions corresponding to different ages, and the central blood pressure waveform calculation unit includes: A central blood pressure waveform may be calculated by selecting, from the plurality of transfer functions, a transfer function corresponding to the age of the subject whose pulse wave detection section detects the pulse wave.

In this way, the blood pressure waveform in the center can be derived with high accuracy from the pulse wave in the peripheral arteries, regardless of the age of the subject.

In the central blood pressure waveform estimation apparatus according to the first to fourth aspects of the present invention, the transfer function storage unit stores a plurality of transfer functions corresponding to different physiological ages, and calculates the central blood pressure waveform. The section may calculate the central blood pressure waveform by using a transfer function corresponding to the physiological age of the subject whose pulse wave detection section detects the pulse wave, by selecting from the plurality of transfer functions.

In this way, the blood pressure waveform in the center can be derived with high accuracy from the pulse wave in the peripheral arteries, regardless of the physiological age of the subject. In the central blood pressure waveform estimation apparatus according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the blood pressure value storage unit stores, for example, a plurality of types of blood pressure corresponding to a plurality of states in which at least one of a cardiac function state and an arterial state is different for the same subject. The value can be stored. In this case, the blood pressure value selected from the plurality of types of blood pressure values stored in the blood pressure value storage unit can be read out to the conversion unit based on the information from the pulse wave detection. Even in the same subject, the blood pressure value is not constant, and the blood pressure value varies depending on, for example, the cardiac function state, arterial state, mental tension state, mental relaxation state, and the like. Since the state of the subject at the time of measuring the pulse wave to estimate the central blood pressure waveform is various, the blood pressure value is stored in correspondence with various situations. These various situations
For example, since there is a correlation with the index that characterizes the heart rate (pulse rate) or the shape of the pulse wave waveform, it is possible to store blood pressure values in various states in association with the heart rate or the index. In this case, the heart rate or the index or the like is calculated based on the information from the pulse wave detection unit, and the blood pressure value selected from a plurality of types of blood pressure values is converted to the conversion unit based on the heart rate or the index. Can be read. Alternatively, the condition of the subject at the time of measurement may be input. Examples of the condition of the subject that causes the blood pressure value to change include, for example, exercise different from that at rest, after bathing, after eating, mental tension or mental relaxation. In addition to the resting blood pressure value, a plurality of types of blood pressure values can be stored in the blood pressure value storage unit in association with each of the above situations. Then, the blood pressure value selected from a plurality of types of blood pressure values can be read out to the conversion unit based on the information input from the input unit.

A peripheral blood pressure waveform detecting apparatus according to a fifth aspect of the present invention comprises a pulse wave detecting section for non-invasively detecting a peripheral pulse wave and a blood pressure at a portion where the pulse wave detecting section detects a pulse wave. A blood pressure measuring unit for measuring the blood pressure, and a blood pressure value measured by the blood pressure measuring unit, and a converting unit for converting the pulse wave waveform detected by the pulse wave detecting unit into a blood pressure waveform in the periphery. I am trying.

A peripheral blood pressure waveform detecting apparatus according to a sixth aspect of the present invention has a pulse wave detecting section for non-invasively detecting a peripheral pulse wave and a portion where the pulse wave detecting section detects a pulse wave in advance. A blood pressure value storage unit that stores the measured blood pressure value, and a conversion unit that uses the blood pressure value stored in the blood pressure value storage unit to convert the pulse wave waveform detected by the pulse wave detection unit into the blood pressure waveform in the periphery. And are characterized by having.

In the peripheral blood pressure waveform detecting apparatus according to the fifth or sixth aspect of the present invention, the pulse wave detected by the pulse wave detecting section can be a volume pulse wave that changes in accordance with the blood flow. . Also in the peripheral blood pressure waveform detection apparatus according to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the blood pressure value storage unit has a plurality of blood pressure value storage units corresponding to a plurality of situations in which at least one of a cardiac function state and a pulse state is different. The blood pressure value of the species can be stored.

[0043]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to the drawings.

1. <First Embodiment> 1.1 Appearance of Central Blood Pressure Waveform Estimating Apparatus A central blood pressure waveform estimating apparatus of the present embodiment is shown in FIG.
The external structure can be as shown in FIGS. 1A, 1B, and 1C. Central blood pressure waveform estimation device 1
Reference numeral 0 denotes a device main body 12 having a wristwatch-like structure, a cable 58 connected to the connector section 20 of the device main body 12 via a connector piece 57, and a pulse wave detection unit provided on the tip side of the cable 58. And 60. A wrist band 56 is attached to the device body 12, and the device body 12 is attached to the wrist of the subject by the wrist band 56.

The apparatus main body 12 is provided with a connector portion 20, and a connector piece 57 which is an end portion of a cable 58 is detachably attached to the connector portion 20.

FIG. 1C shows the connector section 20 from which the connector piece 57 is removed. For example, the connector section 21 is provided with a connection pin 21 to the cable 58, an LED 22 for data transfer, and a phototransistor 23. There is.

Further, on the front surface side of the apparatus main body 12, a display section 54 composed of a liquid crystal panel is provided. Display unit 54
Has a segment display area, a dot display area, and the like, and displays a central blood pressure waveform, a central blood pressure waveform index, an analysis result, and the like. The display unit 54 may use another display device instead of the liquid crystal panel.

Inside the apparatus main body 12, a CPU (central processing unit) for controlling various calculations and conversions,
A memory for storing a program for operating the CPU and the like (not shown) is provided, and button switches 14 for performing various operations and inputs are provided on the outer peripheral portion of the apparatus body 12.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 1B, the pulse wave detecting section 60 is mounted near the base of the subject's index finger while being shielded by the sensor fixing band 62. In this way, when the pulse wave detection unit 60 is attached near the base of the finger,
Since the cable 58 is short, it does not get in the way even if it is attached. Further, since the change in blood flow due to the temperature is smaller in the vicinity of the base of the finger than in the fingertip, the influence of the temperature or the like on the detected pulse wave waveform is relatively small.

1.2 Functional Configuration of Central Blood Pressure Waveform Estimating Apparatus FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the functional configuration of the central blood pressure waveform estimating apparatus 10 according to the present embodiment. As shown in this figure, the central blood pressure waveform estimation apparatus 10 includes a pulse wave detection unit 60, a transfer function storage unit 26, a central blood pressure waveform calculation unit 24, a central blood pressure waveform index calculation unit 30, a data input unit 42, and a comparison analysis unit. Four
6, a central blood pressure waveform index storage unit 34, a variation analysis unit 38, a display unit 54, and a control unit 50. Each of these units may be incorporated in the apparatus main body 12, or may be formed as a separate body and electrically connected to the pulse wave detection unit 60, the display unit 54, and the like.

The pulse wave detector 60 includes an LED 64, a phototransistor 65, etc., as shown in FIG. 3, for example.
It is configured to detect pulse waves in the periphery non-invasively or without breaking the skin. This pulse wave detector 6
0 means that the pulse wave waveform is almost the same as the blood flow fluctuation waveform (volume pulse wave waveform), and light irradiation to the capillary network and fluctuation or transmission of the reflected light amount by blood in the capillaries are performed. A pulse wave (volume pulse wave) is detected by using an optical sensor formed so as to detect a change in light quantity.

More specifically, in the pulse wave detector 60, when the switch SW is turned on and the power supply voltage is applied, light is emitted from the LED 64. This irradiation light is received by the phototransistor 65 after being reflected by the blood vessel or tissue of the subject. Therefore, the photocurrent of the phototransistor 65 converted into a voltage is output as the signal MH of the pulse wave detector 60.

The emission wavelength of the LED 64 is selected near the absorption wavelength peak of hemoglobin in blood. Therefore, the light receiving level changes according to the blood flow rate. Therefore, the pulse wave waveform is detected by detecting the light reception level. For example, as the LED 64, I
nGaN-based (indium-gallium-nitrogen-based) blue L
ED is preferred. The emission spectrum of this LED is 4
The emission peak is around 50 nm, and the emission wavelength range is 3
It can be in the range of 50 nm to 600 nm.

As the phototransistor 65 corresponding to the LED having such a light emitting characteristic, in the present embodiment, for example, a GaAsP system (gallium-arsenic-phosphorus system) is used.
Can be used. The light receiving wavelength region of the phototransistor 65 is such that the main sensitivity region is in the range of 300 nm to 600 nm, and the sensitivity region can be set to 300 nm or less.

When the blue LED 64 and the phototransistor 65 are combined, the pulse wave can be detected in the overlapping wavelength range of 300 nm to 600 nm, which has the following advantages.

First, of the light included in the external light, the light having a wavelength range of 700 nm or less tends not to easily penetrate the tissue of the finger, and therefore the external light is not covered with the sensor fixing band. Even if the light is irradiated onto the phototransistor 65, the phototransistor 65 does not reach the phototransistor 65 through the tissue of the finger, and only light in a wavelength range that does not affect the detection reaches the phototransistor 65. On the other hand, since light in a wavelength region longer than 300 nm is almost absorbed by the skin surface, even if the light receiving wavelength region is 700 nm or less, the substantial light receiving wavelength region is 300 nm to 70 nm.
It becomes 0 nm. Therefore, the influence of external light can be suppressed without covering the finger with a large area. Further, hemoglobin in blood has a large absorption coefficient for light with a wavelength of 300 nm to 700 nm, which is several times to about 100 times or more larger than the absorption coefficient for light with a wavelength of 880 nm. Therefore, as in this example, in accordance with the absorption characteristics of hemoglobin, the wavelength range (300 n
When the light of (m to 700 nm) is used as the detection light, the detected value changes sensitively according to the change in blood volume, so that the SN ratio of the pulse wave waveform MH based on the change in blood volume can be increased.

As described above, the pulse wave detecting section 60 catches the pulse wave, that is, the volume pulse wave, which changes in accordance with the blood flow volume, as the fluctuation of the red blood cell volume in the capillary network existing near the skin, and irradiates the skin with it. Since it can be detected as a change in the amount of transmitted light or the amount of reflected light, it can be detected without adjusting the sensor to the position of the peripheral artery, for example, the radial artery or the lateral artery. Therefore, the pulse wave detection unit 60 can stably detect fluctuations in the amount of red blood cells in capillaries existing near the skin as pulse waves (volume pulse waves) in peripheral arteries.

The transfer function storage unit 26 stores, for example, a central blood pressure waveform measured in advance by a micro sphygmomanometer using a catheter, that is, a blood pressure waveform in the aortic origin, and a pulse in the periphery previously detected by the pulse wave detection unit 60. A transfer function calculated in advance based on the wave waveform is stored. FIGS. 4A and 4B show an example of such a transfer function as a graph of coefficients and phases for each harmonic.

The transfer function storage unit 26 is based on the pulse wave waveform previously detected by the pulse wave detection unit formed similarly to the pulse wave detection unit 60 and the central blood pressure waveform previously invasively measured. Alternatively, the transfer function calculated in advance may be stored. It is also known that this transfer function is not significantly different among individuals, so a general-purpose transfer function that is generally applicable may be used.

The central blood pressure waveform calculation unit 24 uses the transfer function stored in the transfer function storage unit 26 and the peripheral pulse wave waveform detected by the pulse wave detection unit 60 to correspond to the pulse wave waveform. Calculate the central blood pressure waveform. For example, the central blood pressure waveform calculation unit 24 Fourier transforms the peripheral pulse wave waveform detected by the pulse wave detection unit 60,
It is calculated by dividing it by the transfer function stored in the transfer function storage unit 26 and subjecting the result to the inverse Fourier transform.

The central blood pressure waveform index deriving unit 30 calculates, from the central blood pressure waveform calculated by the central blood pressure waveform calculating unit 24,
The index of the central blood pressure waveform is derived. Then, the central blood pressure waveform index deriving unit 30 outputs the derived index of the central blood pressure waveform to the central blood pressure waveform index storage unit 34, the fluctuation analysis unit 38, the comparison analysis unit 46, and the display unit 54. The central blood pressure waveform index derivation unit 30 includes, for example, a CPU and its C
And a memory storing a program for operating the PU.

The central blood pressure waveform will be described with reference to the typical central blood pressure waveform shown in FIG. 5, that is, the blood pressure waveform at the aortic root. As shown in this figure, the central blood pressure waveforms are characterized by pre-systolic blood pressure, late systolic blood pressure, tidal wave, and dicrotic notch.
Notch), notch (dicrotic wave) may be represented by such names.

The central blood pressure waveform index deriving unit 30 is, for example,
From the central blood pressure waveform, the differential pressure between the late systolic blood pressure and the blood pressure at the notch, the ratio between the late systolic blood pressure and the blood pressure at the peak of the tidal wave,
The pre-systolic blood pressure, the late systolic blood pressure, or the diastolic blood pressure is derived as an index.

The data input section 42 is formed so that, for example, the actual age of the subject is input by operating the button switch 14 or by voice through a microphone (not shown). Then, the actual age is output to the comparative analysis unit 46 as data.

The comparison / analysis unit 46, corresponding to each age,
The standard value of the differential pressure between the systolic blood pressure and the blood pressure at the notch, and the ratio of the systolic blood pressure to the blood pressure at the peak of the tidal wave are stored.
Then, the comparative analysis unit 46 compares and analyzes, for example, the index of central blood pressure output from the central blood pressure waveform index derivation unit 30 with the standard index value of the actual age of the subject input to the data input unit 42. , The difference is output to the display unit 54. The comparison / analysis unit 46 includes a CPU and a memory that stores a program for operating the CPU.

The central blood pressure waveform index storage unit 34 is constituted by a semiconductor memory or a combination of a storage medium using magnetism or light and a semiconductor memory, and at least the index output from the central blood pressure waveform index derivation unit 30 is predetermined. Remember over time.

The fluctuation analysis unit 38 analyzes the fluctuation of the index based on the index derived by the central blood pressure waveform index derivation unit 30 and the index stored in the central blood pressure waveform index storage unit 34, and the variation amount. And rate of change are calculated. The analysis result is output to the display unit 54.

The display unit 54 includes a central blood pressure waveform index deriving unit 3
Information such as an index derived by 0, an analysis result by the comparison analysis unit, an analysis result by the fluctuation analysis unit 38, or information such as the central blood pressure waveform calculated by the central blood pressure waveform calculation unit 24, that is, the blood pressure waveform at the aortic origin, is written or Display as a symbol or graph.

The control unit 50 comprises a CPU and a memory in which a program for operating the CPU is stored, and controls the operation of each of the above-mentioned units.

1.3 Operation of Central Blood Pressure Waveform Estimating Apparatus The central blood pressure waveform estimating apparatus 10 operates as follows, for example, to estimate the central blood pressure waveform of the subject and analyze it.

First, the wristband 56 of the central blood pressure waveform estimating apparatus 10 formed in a watch shape is wound around the wrist. Then, the pulse wave detection unit 60 is configured as shown in FIG.
As shown in, attached to the subject near the base of the index finger,
The connector piece 57 is attached to the connector section 20 of the apparatus body 12, and the pulse wave detection section 60 is connected to the apparatus body 12.

Then, the data input section 42 formed by, for example, the button switch 14 or the data input section 42 formed so as to input a voice through a microphone is operated by such an operation or voice. Enter the actual age of. The data is stored in the comparison analysis unit 46.

Next, when a detection instruction is input to the control unit 50 by a predetermined operation of the button switch 14 or utterance of a predetermined voice pattern, the pulse wave detection unit 60 starts detection of pulse waves. That is, when the detection instruction is input, the phototransistor 65 detects the amount of light that changes in response to the change in blood flow in the capillary network of the finger, and the pulse wave detector 60.
Outputs a pulse wave waveform to the central blood pressure waveform calculation unit 24 as a signal MH corresponding to the change in the detected light amount.

Then, the central blood pressure waveform calculation unit 24 uses the pulse wave waveform input from the pulse wave detection unit 60 and the transfer function stored in the transfer function storage unit 26 to correspond to the pulse wave waveform. Calculate the central blood pressure waveform. The calculated central blood pressure waveform is output to the aortic blood pressure waveform index calculation unit 30 and the display unit 54.

Central blood pressure waveform index deriving unit 3 to which the central blood pressure waveform calculated by the central blood pressure waveform calculating unit 24 is input.
0 derives the index of the central blood pressure waveform from the central blood pressure waveform, for example, the differential pressure between the systolic blood pressure and the blood pressure at the notch, or the ratio between the systolic blood pressure and the blood pressure at the peak of the regurgitation wave. Then, the central blood pressure waveform index deriving unit 30 outputs the derived index of the central blood pressure waveform to the central blood pressure waveform index storage unit 34, the fluctuation analysis unit 38, the comparison analysis unit 46, and the display unit 54. In the variation analysis unit 38 and the comparison analysis unit 46, analysis is performed using the input index.

The display unit 54 including, for example, a liquid crystal display device has a central blood pressure waveform calculated by the aortic blood pressure waveform calculation unit 24, an index derived by the central blood pressure waveform index derivation unit 30, or a comparative analysis unit. The analysis result by 46 or the variation analysis unit 38 is displayed as characters or graphs.

1.4 Functions and Effects of the First Embodiment As described above, the central blood pressure waveform estimation apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment
0 can derive the blood pressure waveform in the central or aortic origin using the pulse wave waveform in the periphery detected non-invasively.

2. Second Embodiment The central blood pressure waveform estimation apparatus of the second embodiment is different from that of the first embodiment in that it is configured to include a blood pressure measurement unit and a conversion unit. In the following, points different from the first embodiment will be mainly described. The other points are the same as those in the first embodiment, and thus the description thereof will be omitted. Further, the same reference numerals are given to corresponding portions in the drawings.

2.1 Appearance of Central Blood Pressure Waveform Estimating Device The central blood pressure waveform estimating device of the present embodiment has, for example, a portion formed to have an appearance similar to that of the central blood pressure waveform estimating device 10 of the first embodiment, and a blood pressure. And a part of the measuring part, and is configured in appearance.

2.2 Functional Configuration of Central Blood Pressure Waveform Estimating Apparatus FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing the functional configuration of the central blood pressure waveform estimating apparatus 70 according to the present embodiment. As shown in this figure, in addition to the respective units in the central blood pressure waveform estimation apparatus 10 of the first embodiment, a blood pressure measurement unit 80 and a conversion unit 72 are provided. Except for these respective units, the respective units of the central blood pressure waveform estimation device 70 according to the present embodiment are configured in substantially the same manner as the central blood pressure estimation device 10 of the first embodiment.

The blood pressure measuring unit 80 measures the blood pressure at the site where the pulse wave detecting unit 60 detects the pulse wave. Blood pressure measurement unit 8
An example of 0 will be described later.

The conversion unit 72 uses the blood pressure value measured by the blood pressure measurement unit 80 to convert the pulse wave waveform detected by the pulse wave detection unit 60 into a blood pressure waveform at that site, that is, at the periphery. For example, the conversion unit 72 converts the pulse wave waveform into a corresponding blood pressure waveform by having an amplitude between the diastolic blood pressure and the late systolic blood pressure measured by the blood pressure measurement unit.

Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 13, a blood pressure value storage unit 100 may be provided instead of the blood pressure measurement unit 80 shown in FIG. The blood pressure value storage unit 100 includes a pulse wave detection unit 60.
Stores the blood pressure value measured in advance at the site where the pulse wave is detected. The conversion unit 72 may use the blood pressure value stored in the blood pressure value storage unit 100 to convert the pulse wave waveform detected by the pulse wave detection unit 60 into a peripheral blood pressure waveform. By doing so, for example, the blood pressure may be measured once by the blood pressure measuring unit 80 as shown in FIG. 7 and stored in the blood pressure value storage unit 100, after which the blood pressure measuring unit 80 becomes unnecessary, and the apparatus is significantly It can be miniaturized.

The central blood pressure waveform calculation unit 24 uses the transfer function stored in the transfer function storage unit 26 and the blood pressure waveform obtained by the calculation of the conversion unit 72 to generate a central blood pressure waveform corresponding to the blood pressure waveform. To calculate. For example, the central blood pressure waveform calculation unit 24 Fourier transforms the blood pressure waveform in the periphery obtained by the calculation of the conversion unit 72, divides it by the transfer function stored in the transfer function storage unit 26, and Fourier transforms the result. It is calculated by inverse conversion.

2.3 Blood Pressure Measuring Unit FIG. 7 shows an example of the blood pressure measuring unit. Also, FIG.
FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing a functional configuration of blood pressure measurement unit 80 shown in FIG. 7. As shown in FIG. 7, the blood pressure measurement unit 80 is
The pulse wave detection unit 60 attaches the band 91 near the base of the finger, which is a part where the pulse wave is detected, to measure blood pressure. Band 91
Is provided with a bag-shaped pressure applying portion 89 on its inner surface side, and is wound around the finger so that the pressure applying portion 89 is located at a position facing the lateral finger artery 98.

The pressure applying portion 89 is formed in a bag shape and has a pump 86 and an exhaust valve 88 via a pipe line 87.
Are connected. The volume of the pressure applying unit 89 is controlled by adjusting the amount of the fluid such as air filled in the pressure applying unit 89 by the pump 86, the exhaust valve 88, or the like.
As a result, the pressing force with which the pressure applying unit 89 presses the lateral artery 98 is adjusted.

Further, a pressure sensor 90 for detecting a change in pressure of the fluid is attached to the above-mentioned conduit 87.
The pressure sensor 90 includes a pressure applying section 89 and a pressure applying section 8.
It is formed so as to detect the vibration of the lateral digital artery 98 transmitted as a pressure change of the fluid via 9. That is, the pressure applying portion 89 located on the lateral digital artery 98 is pressed according to the vibration of the lateral digital artery 98, so that the pressure of the fluid in the pressure applying portion 89 changes due to the vibration of the lateral digital artery 98. become. Therefore, the pressure sensor 90 that detects such a pressure change can output a signal corresponding to the vibration of the lateral artery 98.

Further, as shown as a part of FIG. 8, the blood pressure measurement unit 82 is configured to include a control unit 84 and a blood pressure determination unit 92 in addition to the above-mentioned units.

The control unit 84 includes a pump 86 and an exhaust valve 8
8 is controlled to adjust the amount of fluid filled in the pressure applying section 89 to change the pressure applied by the pressure applying section 89 so that the pressure applying section 89 causes the lateral finger artery 98 to fall within a predetermined range. Control to press with various pressing forces. Control unit 84
Is configured to include, for example, a CPU and a memory in which a program for operating the CPU is stored.

The blood pressure determining unit 92 takes in information on various pressing forces applied by the pressure applying unit 89 from the control unit 84, takes in detection signals from the pressure sensor 90 at each of these pressing forces, and based on them. First, determine the systolic and diastolic blood pressure. The blood pressure determination unit 92 is, for example, a CPU
And a memory in which a program for operating the CPU is stored.

Here, the operation of the blood pressure measurement unit 82 configured as described above to measure blood pressure will be described.

First, the cuff-shaped strip 91 is wound around the base of the finger so that the pressure applying portion 89 is located at a position corresponding to the lateral digital artery 98.

Next, the control unit 84 controls the pump 86 and the exhaust valve 88 to adjust the amount of fluid filled in the pressure applying unit 89 to change the pressure applied by the pressure applying unit 89. The pressure applying unit 89 controls the lateral digital artery 98 to press it with various pressing forces within a predetermined range.
That is, the pressing force of the pressure applying unit 89 is in a range slightly exceeding the range that can be generally encountered as the blood pressure value, for example, 250.
It is controlled by the control unit 84 so as to fall within a range of ˜20 mmHg.

At each pressing force of the pressure applying section 89, the pressure sensor 90 for detecting the vibration of the lateral artery 98 is
A signal corresponding to the vibration of the blood vessel wall due to the blood flow through the blood vessel that has been narrowed by the pressure applying unit 89 is detected. The result is stored in the blood pressure determining unit 92 in association with each pressing force of the pressure applying unit 89. Each pressing force value applied by the pressure applying unit 89 is controlled by the control unit 84 that controls the pressing force.
Is transmitted to the blood pressure determining unit 92.

Next, the blood pressure determining unit 92 determines the blood pressure when the pressure applying unit 89 distributes the pressure in the above-mentioned setting range and a sufficient number of samples are obtained. That is, the pressure sensor 90 uses the highest pressure applied by the pressure applying unit 89 that detects the vibration associated with the blood flow flowing in the narrowed blood vessel as the systolic blood pressure, and the pressure sensor 90 detects the vibration accompanying the blood flow flowing in the narrowed blood vessel. The lowest pressing force of the pressure applying unit 89 to be detected is determined as the minimum blood pressure. The principle of this blood pressure determination is to monitor the vibration of the blood vessel wall accompanying the blood flow through the blood vessel narrowed by the pressure on the peripheral side of the artery pressed by the arm band while changing the pressure applied to the arm band. It is similar to the blood pressure measurement method for determining blood pressure, so-called auscultation.

2.4 Operation of Central Blood Pressure Waveform Estimating Apparatus The central blood pressure waveform estimating apparatus 70 of the present embodiment is different from the central blood pressure estimating apparatus of the first embodiment except that the operation of blood pressure measurement described above is added. The same operation as 10 is performed to estimate the subject's central blood pressure waveform and analyze it. The operation of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 14 (A) to 14 (C).
FIG. 14 (A) shows aortic pressure waveforms before and after administration of nitroglycerin. The broken line in FIG. 14 (A) is the aortic pressure waveform before administration of nitroglycerin to the subject. It is generally known that blood pressure is lowered after administration of nitroglycerin. In the present embodiment, the aortic pressure waveform (solid line in FIG. 14A) of the subject after administration of nitroglycerin is estimated.

In this embodiment, after the nitroglycerin is administered to the subject, the pulse wave waveform as the signal MH detected by the pulse wave detector 60 is input as in the case of the first embodiment. This pulse wave waveform is, for example, the fingertip pulse wave shown in FIG. However, the blood pressure value as shown in FIG. 14C is detected without being accompanied. The conversion unit 72 includes the blood pressure measurement unit 8
Using the blood pressure value measured by 0, the pulse wave waveform is converted into the blood pressure waveform at the detection site. FIG. 14B shows the radial artery pressure waveform measured by the blood pressure measurement unit 80. If such data is stored in the blood pressure value storage unit 100 in FIG. 13 in advance, it is not necessary to measure the blood pressure every time measurement is performed. The conversion unit 72 measures the diastolic blood pressure (minimum blood pressure value) and the late systolic blood pressure (maximum blood pressure value) measured by the blood pressure measurement unit 80 of FIG. 6 or stored in the blood pressure value storage unit 100 of FIG. Based on the above, the pulse wave waveform is converted into the corresponding blood pressure waveform so as to have the amplitudes of the minimum and maximum blood pressure values. As a result, as shown in FIG. 14C, a fingertip pulse wave waveform (blood pressure waveform) accompanied by the amplitude of the blood pressure value is obtained.

When the blood pressure waveform (FIG. 14C) obtained by the calculation of the conversion unit 72 and the transfer function stored in the transfer function storage unit 26 are input to the central blood pressure waveform calculation unit 24, Using these data, the central blood pressure waveform corresponding to the blood pressure waveform is calculated. The solid line in FIG. 14 (A) is the calculated (estimated) central blood pressure waveform (aortic pressure waveform). As compared with the aortic pressure waveform before administration of nitroglycerin shown by the wavy line in FIG. 14 (A), the aortic pressure waveform after administration of nitroglycerin shows a decrease in blood pressure as shown by the solid line in FIG. 14 (A). We were able to estimate the aortic pressure waveform that was in agreement with the facts.

2.5 Functions and Effects of Second Embodiment As described above, the central blood pressure waveform estimating apparatus 7 according to the present embodiment
0 can derive the blood pressure waveform in the central part, that is, the aortic origin, by using the blood pressure waveform in the periphery obtained by converting the pulse wave waveform in the periphery detected non-invasively.

3. <Modification> 3.1 In each of the above-described embodiments, an example in which the pulse wave detection unit uses a sensor using a light emitting element and a light receiving element has been shown. However, the pulse wave detector may be a pulse wave detector using a pressure sensor located on a peripheral artery, for example, a radial artery. In this case, the pulse wave (pressure pulse wave) is detected using the applanation pressure measuring method in which the pressure is measured by the pressure sensor pressed against the artery so that a part of the blood vessel wall is flattened.

9 and 10 are views showing a central blood pressure waveform estimating apparatus 10a using such a pulse wave detecting section, and FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing an appearance of the central blood pressure waveform estimating apparatus 10a. FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing a state in which the central blood pressure waveform estimation device 10a is worn on the wrist.

As shown in these figures, the central blood pressure waveform estimating apparatus 10a is provided with a sensor holding portion 67 movably attached to the wristband 56 along the wristband 56 attached to the apparatus main body 12. The pulse wave detecting section 60a is configured to include the pressure sensor 68 provided so as to project from the sensor holding section 67. Pulse wave detector 6
0a and the apparatus main body 12 include wiring (not shown) for transmitting a detection signal from the pulse wave detecting unit 60a, such as an FPC (flex).
ible printed circuit).

Then, when the central blood pressure waveform estimating apparatus 10a is used, as shown in FIG.
The central blood pressure waveform estimation device 10a is wrapped around the wrist of the subject so that 7 is located near the radial artery 99. Then, the pulse wave detection unit 60 provided in the sensor holding unit 67
The sensor holding portion 67 is slid along the wrist band 56 and positioned so that a is located on the radial artery 99, for example.

When the pulse wave detector 60a is appropriately pressed against the radial artery 99 of the subject in this manner, the pulse wave corresponding to the vibration of the blood vessel wall due to the fluctuation of blood flow in the artery is detected. 60a and is transmitted to the central blood pressure waveform estimating apparatus 10
The pulse wave a can be detected at any time. This pulse wave waveform is detected as a waveform having a shape substantially similar to the blood pressure waveform in the blood vessel.

11 (A) and 11 (B) show pulse wave waveforms detected in the radial artery in this way,
An example of the result of calculating the transfer function for the central blood pressure waveform, that is, the blood pressure waveform at the origin of the aorta, is shown as a graph of the coefficient and phase for each harmonic. Figure 11
When (A) and FIG. 11 (B) are compared with the above-mentioned FIG. 4 (A) and FIG. 4 (B), the transfer function calculated for the pulse wave waveform of the radial artery in this modification and the finger in the first embodiment are compared. It can be seen that the transfer function calculated for the pulse wave waveform (volume pulse wave) obtained by detecting the change in blood flow in the capillary network near the root of the is obtained by the optical sensor has almost the same characteristics. Also in this modification, such a transfer function is stored in the transfer function storage unit 26.

3.2 In each of the above-mentioned embodiments,
The transfer function storage unit 26 includes, for example, a central blood pressure waveform preliminarily invasively measured by a micro sphygmomanometer using a catheter, that is, a blood pressure waveform at the origin of the aorta, the pulse wave detection unit 60, or the pulse wave detection unit 60 described above. An example is shown in which one transfer function calculated in advance is stored based on the peripheral pulse wave waveform previously detected by the similarly formed pulse wave detector.

However, the transfer function storage unit 26 can store a plurality of transfer functions corresponding to various states of the subject. The various states of the subject are states in which at least one of the cardiac function state and the arterial state is different, and examples thereof include after eating, after taking a bath, and after exercising. The transfer function storage unit 26 can store a plurality of transfer functions corresponding to different pulse rates, for example. In this case, the central blood pressure waveform calculation unit 24 uses, for example, a transfer function corresponding to the pulse rate by selecting it from a plurality of transfer functions based on the information derived from the pulse wave detected by the pulse wave detection unit 60. You can As a result, the central blood pressure waveform is calculated using the transfer function corresponding to various states of the subject.
Therefore, the blood pressure waveform in the center can be derived from the pulse wave in the peripheral artery with high accuracy regardless of the activity state of the subject. Similarly, the blood pressure value storage unit 100 shown in FIG. 13 can also store a plurality of blood pressure values corresponding to various states of the subject. This is because the blood pressure value differs depending on various states in which at least one of the cardiac function state and the arterial state of the subject is different, such as after eating, after taking a bath, and after exercising. Therefore, the blood pressure value storage unit 100 shown in FIG. 13 can store, for example, a plurality of blood pressure values corresponding to different pulse rates. In this case, the conversion unit 72 of FIG. 6 selects and uses a blood pressure value corresponding to, for example, the pulse rate from a plurality of blood pressure values based on the information derived from the pulse wave detected by the pulse wave detection unit 60. You can As a result, the central blood pressure waveform is calculated using the blood pressure values corresponding to various states of the subject. Instead of the pulse rate, an index characterizing the shape of the pulse wave waveform detected by the pulse wave detection unit 60 (for example, the ratio of the wave heights of the early systole and the late systole) can be used. Furthermore, the condition of the subject at the time of measurement may be input from the data input unit 42 of FIG. Examples of the condition of the subject that causes the blood pressure value to change include, for example, exercise different from that at rest, after bathing, after eating, mental tension or mental relaxation. Blood pressure value storage unit 100
In addition to the resting blood pressure value, a plurality of types of blood pressure values are stored in association with each of the above situations. Then, the blood pressure value selected from a plurality of types of blood pressure values can be read out to the conversion unit 72 based on the information input from the data input unit 42.

Alternatively, the transfer function storage unit 26 stores a plurality of transfer functions corresponding to different ages, and the central blood pressure waveform calculation unit 24 causes the pulse wave detection unit 60 to detect the age or physiological value of the subject. The central blood pressure waveform may be calculated by using a corresponding transfer function corresponding to a different age from these transfer functions. As a result, the central blood pressure waveform is calculated using the transfer function corresponding to the age or physiological age of the subject, so that the central blood pressure waveform can be derived with high accuracy from the pulse wave in the peripheral arteries.

3.3 Further, the following variation analysis unit 39
A modified example including is also possible. This modification is configured and operates in the same manner as the above-described first embodiment except for the points described below.

FIG. 12 is a block diagram showing the functional configuration of the central blood pressure waveform estimation device 75 in this modification.
In this central blood pressure waveform estimation device 75, the fluctuation analysis unit 39 is configured to include a basal central blood pressure waveform index derivation unit 39a and a basal central blood pressure waveform index storage unit 39b.

The basal central blood pressure waveform index deriving unit 39a, based on the index stored in the central blood pressure waveform index storage unit 34, indicates the central blood pressure waveform when the basal metabolism of the subject is in the lowest region for a predetermined period, for example, one day. Derive the index of. In addition, a person's basal metabolism generally becomes a minimum state, that is, a basal state, from 2 am to 4 am during sleep in one day. The basal index is, for example, an index of the central blood pressure waveform in the basal state in one day.

The basal central blood pressure waveform index derivation unit 39a.
Is not limited to the one for deriving the index of the central blood pressure waveform when the basal metabolism of the subject is in the lowest region in one day, and the subject's basal metabolism in a predetermined period, for example, one week, one month, three months, or one year. The index of the central blood pressure waveform when the basal metabolism is in the lowest region may be derived as the basal index.

Alternatively, the basal central blood pressure waveform index deriving unit 3
As for 9a, even during daily activities, a resting index obtained by providing a measurement condition such as after resting for 5 minutes can be derived as a base index.

The basal central blood pressure waveform index storage unit 39b stores the basal index derived by the basal central blood pressure waveform index deriving unit 39a.

Then, the variation analysis unit 39 analyzes the variation of the index based on the index derived by the central blood pressure waveform index derivation unit 30 and the base index stored in the basal central blood pressure waveform index storage unit 39b. And the result is displayed on the display unit 54.
Output to.

Further, the fluctuation analysis unit 39 is
The basal central blood pressure waveform index storage unit 39 stores the basal index derived as an index of the central blood pressure waveform when basal metabolism is in the lowest region for a period of one month, three months, or one year.
Even if it is configured to be stored in b and compared with a base index derived after a predetermined period, for example, one month, half a year, or one year later, the result can be output to the display unit 54. Good.

The basal central blood pressure waveform index derivation unit 39a.
The base index derived by the above may be directly output to the display unit 54, and the display unit 54 may display the base index itself.

3.4 In each of the above-mentioned embodiments,
The case where the part where the pulse wave detecting unit detects the pulse wave is the base of the finger is shown. However, the part where the pulse wave detection unit 60 detects the pulse wave may be any part as long as it has a capillary network in which capillaries are mostly distributed near the skin.

3.5 In each of the embodiments described above,
The index derived by the central blood pressure waveform index derivation unit 30, the analysis result by the comparison analysis unit, the analysis result by the fluctuation analysis unit 38, or the central blood pressure waveform calculated by the central blood pressure waveform calculation unit 24, that is, the blood pressure waveform at the aortic origin. Information of
An example has been shown in which the display unit 54 is configured to include a display device such as a liquid crystal display device, and the display unit 54 displays by displaying as characters or graphs. However,
Instead of the display unit 54 or together with the display unit 54, a printer, or a device including a voice synthesizer and a speaker is used, and these information is displayed, printed, or announced as a character or graph. You may do it.

3.6 The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the gist of the present invention or the equivalent range of the claims. is there.

[Brief description of drawings]

1A, 1B, and 1C are a first diagram;
1 is an external view of a central blood pressure waveform estimation device according to an embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a functional configuration of a central blood pressure waveform estimation device according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram showing an example of a circuit configuration of a pulse wave detection unit.

FIG. 4A and FIG. 4B are diagrams showing an example of a transfer function stored in a transfer function storage unit as a graph of a coefficient and a phase for each harmonic.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a typical central blood pressure waveform.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing a functional configuration of a central blood pressure waveform estimation device according to a second embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing how blood pressure is measured using a blood pressure measurement unit.

FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing a functional configuration of a blood pressure measurement unit.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing an external appearance of a central blood pressure waveform estimation apparatus using a pulse wave detection unit of a modified example.

FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing a state in which the central blood pressure waveform estimation device shown in FIG. 9 is worn on the wrist.

11 (A) and 11 (B) are an example of a transfer function stored in a transfer function storage unit in a modified example;
It is a figure shown as a graph of a coefficient and a phase for each harmonic.

FIG. 12 is a block diagram showing a functional configuration of a central blood pressure waveform estimation apparatus according to a modified example.

13 is a block diagram of a central blood pressure waveform estimation apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention, which is provided with a blood pressure value storage unit instead of the blood pressure measurement unit shown in FIG.

14A to 14C are waveform charts for explaining the operation according to the second embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

10, 10a, 10b, 70 Central blood pressure waveform estimation device 24 Central blood pressure waveform calculator 26 Transfer Function Storage Unit 30 Central Blood Pressure Waveform Index Derivation Unit 34 Central blood pressure waveform index storage unit 38 Fluctuation Analysis Department 46 Comparative Analysis Department 60, 60a Pulse wave detector 72 Converter 80 Blood pressure measurement unit 100 blood pressure storage

Claims (27)

[Claims] 1. A pulse wave detector that non-invasively detects a pulse wave in the periphery, a pulse wave waveform in the periphery detected by the pulse wave detector, and a central blood pressure waveform corresponding to the pulse wave waveform. A transfer function storage unit that stores a transfer function calculated in advance based on, a pulse wave waveform in the periphery newly detected by the pulse wave detection unit, and the transfer function using the pulse wave waveform. And a central blood pressure waveform calculating unit that calculates a corresponding central blood pressure waveform. 2. A pulse wave detecting unit for non-invasively detecting a pulse wave in the periphery, a pulse wave waveform in the peripheral detected in advance, and a central blood pressure waveform corresponding to the pulse wave waveform in advance. Using a transfer function storage unit that stores the transferred transfer function, the transfer function, and the pulse wave waveform in the periphery newly detected by the pulse wave detection unit, and a central blood pressure waveform corresponding to the pulse wave waveform. And a central blood pressure waveform calculation unit for calculating the central blood pressure waveform. 3. A pulse wave detecting section for non-invasively detecting a peripheral pulse wave, a blood pressure measuring section for measuring blood pressure in the vicinity of a portion where the pulse wave detecting section detects a pulse wave, and the blood pressure measuring section. Using the measured blood pressure value, a conversion unit that converts the pulse wave waveform detected by the pulse wave detection unit into a blood pressure waveform in the periphery, and a blood pressure detected by the pulse wave detection unit and obtained by conversion by the conversion unit. Waveform, and a transfer function storage unit that stores a transfer function calculated in advance based on the central blood pressure waveform corresponding to the blood pressure waveform, and is newly detected by the pulse wave detection unit and obtained by conversion by the conversion unit A blood pressure waveform in the periphery,
A central blood pressure waveform calculation unit for calculating a central blood pressure waveform corresponding to the blood pressure waveform using the transfer function, and a central blood pressure waveform estimation device. 4. A pulse wave detection unit that non-invasively detects a peripheral pulse wave, and a blood pressure value storage unit that stores a blood pressure value measured in advance in the vicinity of the site where the pulse wave detection unit detects the pulse wave, Using the blood pressure value stored in the blood pressure value storage unit, a conversion unit that converts the pulse wave waveform detected by the pulse wave detection unit into a blood pressure waveform in the periphery, and a blood pressure waveform obtained by the conversion by the conversion unit. A transfer function storage unit that stores a transfer function calculated in advance based on a central blood pressure waveform corresponding to the blood pressure waveform, and the transfer function storage unit newly detected by the pulse wave detection unit and obtained by the conversion by the conversion unit. Peripheral blood pressure waveform,
A central blood pressure waveform calculation unit for calculating a central blood pressure waveform corresponding to the blood pressure waveform using the transfer function, and a central blood pressure waveform estimation device. 5. The central blood pressure waveform index derivation unit for deriving an index of the central blood pressure waveform from the central blood pressure waveform calculated by the central blood pressure waveform calculation unit according to claim 1. A central blood pressure waveform estimation device characterized by the above. 6. The central blood pressure waveform estimating apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the index derived by the central blood pressure waveform index deriving unit is presystolic blood pressure. 7. The central blood pressure waveform estimating apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the index derived by the central blood pressure waveform index deriving unit is the late systolic blood pressure. 8. The central blood pressure waveform estimating apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the index derived by the central blood pressure waveform index deriving unit is diastolic blood pressure. 9. The central blood pressure waveform estimating apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the index derived by the central blood pressure waveform index deriving unit is a differential pressure between the late systolic blood pressure and the blood pressure at the notch. 10. The central blood pressure waveform estimating apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the index derived by the central blood pressure waveform index deriving unit is a ratio of the late systolic blood pressure to the blood pressure at the peak of the ebb wave. 11. The central blood pressure waveform index storage unit for storing the index of the central blood pressure waveform, and the index of the central blood pressure waveform derived by the central blood pressure waveform index deriving unit according to claim 5. And a fluctuation analysis unit for analyzing fluctuations in the index of the central blood pressure waveform based on the index of the central blood pressure waveform stored in the central blood pressure waveform index storage unit, and the central blood pressure waveform further characterized by: Estimator. 12. The variation analysis unit according to claim 11, wherein the basal metabolism of the subject is in the lowest region in a predetermined period based on the index of the central blood pressure waveform stored in the central blood pressure waveform index storage unit. A basal central blood pressure waveform index deriving unit that derives a basal central blood pressure waveform index that is an index of the central blood pressure waveform, and a basal central blood pressure waveform that stores the basal central blood pressure waveform index derived by the basal central blood pressure waveform index deriving unit An index storage unit, and an index of the central blood pressure waveform derived by the central blood pressure waveform index derivation unit, and based on the basal central blood pressure waveform index stored in the basal central blood pressure waveform index storage unit A central blood pressure waveform estimating device for analyzing a change in the index of the central blood pressure waveform. 13. The data input unit according to claim 5, wherein the actual age of the subject is input, the index of the central blood pressure waveform derived by the central blood pressure waveform index deriving unit, and A central blood pressure waveform estimation apparatus further comprising: a comparative analysis unit that performs a comparative analysis of the central blood pressure waveform indices based on the standard central blood pressure waveform indices at actual age. 14. The pulse wave detector according to claim 1, wherein the pulse wave detector changes the volume pulse wave that changes in accordance with a blood flow amount into a change in the amount of red blood cells in capillaries existing near the skin. A central blood pressure waveform estimation device characterized by being formed so as to detect. 15. The center according to claim 1, wherein the transfer function storage unit stores a plurality of transfer functions corresponding to a plurality of different situations for the same subject. Blood pressure waveform estimation device. 16. The central blood pressure waveform calculation unit according to claim 15, wherein one of the plurality of transfer functions is selected based on the information detected by the pulse wave detection unit to calculate a central blood pressure waveform. A central blood pressure waveform estimation device characterized by the above. 17. The transfer function storage unit according to claim 1, wherein the transfer function storage unit stores a plurality of transfer functions corresponding to different ages, and the central blood pressure waveform calculation unit includes the pulse wave detection unit. A central blood pressure waveform estimating apparatus for calculating a central blood pressure waveform by selecting a transfer function corresponding to the age of a subject who detects a pulse wave from the plurality of transfer functions and using the selected transfer function. 18. The transfer function storage unit according to claim 1, wherein the transfer function storage unit stores a plurality of transfer functions corresponding to different physiological ages, and the central blood pressure waveform calculation unit includes the pulse function. A central blood pressure waveform estimating apparatus, wherein a central blood pressure waveform is calculated by selecting a transfer function corresponding to a physiological age of a subject whose pulse wave is detected by the wave detection unit, from the plurality of transfer functions. 19. The central blood pressure waveform estimation apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the blood pressure value storage unit stores a plurality of types of blood pressure values corresponding to various situations for the same subject. 20. The blood pressure value selected from the plurality of types of blood pressure values stored in the blood pressure value storage unit, based on the information from the pulse wave detection unit, according to claim 19. A central blood pressure waveform estimation device characterized by being read by 21. The input device according to claim 19, further comprising an input unit for inputting the condition of the subject, wherein the blood pressure values of the plurality of types stored in the blood pressure value storage unit are based on information from the input unit. The blood pressure value selected from the
A central blood pressure waveform estimation apparatus, which is read by the conversion unit. 22. A pulse wave detecting unit that non-invasively detects a peripheral pulse wave, a blood pressure measuring unit that measures blood pressure at a site where the pulse wave detecting unit detects a pulse wave, and a blood pressure measuring unit measures the blood pressure. A peripheral blood pressure waveform detection device comprising: a conversion unit that converts the pulse wave waveform detected by the pulse wave detection unit into a blood pressure waveform in the periphery using the blood pressure value described above. 23. A pulse wave detector that non-invasively detects a peripheral pulse wave, a blood pressure value storage unit that stores a blood pressure value measured in advance at a portion where the pulse wave detector detects a pulse wave, A peripheral blood pressure waveform detection device comprising: a blood pressure value stored in a blood pressure value storage unit; and a conversion unit that converts the pulse wave waveform detected by the pulse wave detection unit into a blood pressure waveform in the periphery. . 24. The peripheral blood pressure waveform detection apparatus according to claim 22 or 23, wherein the pulse wave detected by the pulse wave detection unit is a volume pulse wave that changes according to a blood flow rate. 25. The peripheral blood pressure waveform estimation according to claim 23 or 24, wherein the blood pressure value storage unit stores a plurality of types of blood pressure values corresponding to a plurality of different situations for the same subject. apparatus. 26. The blood pressure value selected from the plurality of types of blood pressure values stored in the blood pressure value storage unit based on the information from the pulse wave detection unit, according to claim 25. A peripheral blood pressure waveform estimation device characterized by being read by 27. The blood pressure value storage device according to claim 25, further comprising an input unit for inputting the condition of the subject, and the blood pressure values of the plurality of types stored in the blood pressure value storage unit based on information from the input unit. The blood pressure value selected from the
A central blood pressure waveform estimation apparatus, which is read by the conversion unit.