JP2002514374A

JP2002514374A - Electrolytic loudspeaker assembly

Info

Publication number: JP2002514374A
Application number: JP50274399A
Authority: JP
Inventors: ジマーマン，クラウス
Original assignee: エムゼッドエックス，インコーポレイテッド
Priority date: 1997-06-02
Filing date: 1998-06-02
Publication date: 2002-05-14
Also published as: CN1264532A; AU7808598A; KR20010013313A; CN1190996C; WO1998057522A1; EP0995337A1

Abstract

(57)【要約】高帯域オーディオ信号を再生する電解ラウドスピーカーアセンブリ（１０）を記載する米国特許第5,392,358号の改良及び変形の編集である。アセンブリ（１０）は薄い非磁気的容量性トランスデューサ（１２）を有し、それは複合ダイヤフラム（１４）を有し、そのダイヤフラムは、中央部（１６）、前方部（２０）、及び後方部（２２）を有する。複合ダイヤフラム（１４）はフレームアセンブリ（３２）によって取り囲まれる。アセンブリ（１０）の改良及び変形は、中央部（１６Ａ、１８Ａ）についての２つのデザインと、前方部（２０Ａ、２４Ａ、２８Ａ）及び後方部（２２Ａ、２６Ａ、３０Ａ）のそれぞれについて３つのデザインと、フレームアセンブリ（３２Ａ、３４Ａ、３６Ａ）についての２つのデザインと、トランスデューサ駆動ユニット（４６、４８）についての２つのデザインと、を含む。また、アセンブリ（１０）の基礎的デザインも、音波拡散器、反射器及び吸収器アセンブリ（４０）及び音波バフル構造（４４）の付加により増加する。 (57) [Summary] FIG. 3 is a modification and modification of US Pat. No. 5,392,358 which describes an electrolytic loudspeaker assembly (10) for reproducing high-bandwidth audio signals. The assembly (10) has a thin non-magnetic capacitive transducer (12), which has a composite diaphragm (14), which has a central part (16), a front part (20), and a rear part (22). ). The composite diaphragm (14) is surrounded by a frame assembly (32). Improvements and variations of the assembly (10) include two designs for the center (16A, 18A) and three designs for each of the front (20A, 24A, 28A) and rear (22A, 26A, 30A). , Two designs for the frame assembly (32A, 34A, 36A) and two designs for the transducer drive unit (46, 48). The basic design of the assembly (10) is also increased by the addition of the acoustic diffuser, reflector and absorber assembly (40) and the acoustic baffle structure (44).

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】電解ラウドスピーカーアセンブリ技術分野本発明はラウドスピーカーの一般的分野に関し、特に米国特許5,392,358号に記載される電解ラウドスピーカーアセンブリの改良及び変形に関し、その米国特許はＭＺＸ社に譲渡され、ＭＺＸ社は本出願の出願人でもある。背景技術 “高忠実度”オーディオシステムの始まりから、技術者は、歪みが比較的少なく、単純なものから複雑なものまでの全て種類の音楽を忠実に再生可能な周波数特性を有するラウドスピーカーを開発するよう努力してきた。ラウドスピーカーは、磁気的な可動コイルスピーカー又は非磁気的な静電スピーカー／トランスデューサのいずれかに分類される。本発明は静電スピーカの分野に分類されるため、この背景技術はこれらの種類のラウドスピーカーに集中する。最も従来的な静電スピーカーは、両側にグリッド又はワイヤの形状にデザインされた固定電極を有する可撓性の中央膜又はダイヤフラムからなる。ワイヤは離隔して配置され、それにより可撓性膜の運動により発生する音波を放射することを可能とする。ワイヤは誘電体絶縁材料内に保持され、可撓性膜は高抵抗性材料により被覆される。その膜はさらに電極間の開放格子フレーム内に吊り下げられ、動作時にはダイヤフラムに対する静電界作用によりダイヤフラムの比較的小さいセグメントが振動する。静電トランスデューサラウドスピーカーは、多くの観点において可動コイルタイプスピーカーより優れていると考えられている。しかし、それらは一般的にはあまり受け入れられてはいない。このあまり受け入れられていないことは、いくつかのデザインにおける機械的複雑性、低い音響出力、比較的大きい放射領域が必要であること、及び、稼働性ダイヤフラムとワイヤグリッド電極との間に比較的高いＤＣ偏波バイアス電圧の印加に依存すること、などの結果である。例えば、典型的なフルレンジプッシュプル静電スピーカーはＤＣ３５００ボルトのバイアス電圧と、６０〜１００ワットの電力容量の駆動アンプを必要とする。加えて、静電スピーカーは中及び高可聴周波数のみしか再生することができない。この結果、通常はバススピーカーを使用する必要があり、そのバススピーカーはラウドスピーカーアセンブリに接続するか又はサブウーファーのような別個のモジュールとすることができる。上記の問題のいくつかを緩和するために、ダイヤフラムとしてエレクトレットを使用するトランスデューサが使用されてきている。エレクトレットダイヤフラムは永久に偏波されると考えられ、よって別個の偏波ＤＣ電圧を必要としない。しかし、これらのエレクトレットは、部分的に配向した双極子の不整列がランダムなプロセスであるために少なくとも最初の概算では腐食するので、ラウドスピーカーへの適用は満足できるものではないとわかっている。従来技術のサーチは本発明の請求の範囲を直接的に読める特許は開示していないが、以下の米国特許は関連を有すると考えられる：特許番号発明者発行 5,392,358 Driver 1995.2.21 4,160,882 Driver 1979.7.10 3,942,029 Kawakami et al 1976.3.2 3,705,312 Sessler et al 1971.12.5 3,345,469 Rod 1967.10.3 5,392,358号のDriverの特許は改善された電解ラウドスピーカーアセンブリを開示し、それは高帯域の電気信号を再生するように設計されている。そのラウドスピーカーアセンブリは、薄い非磁気的容量性トランスデューサとトランスデューサ駆動ユニットとからなる。トランスデューサは、更にそれぞれ前面部と背面部を各面に取付けられた振動性中央部からなる複雑なダイヤフラムからなる。複雑なダイヤフラムのこれら３つの部分全てはフレームアセンブリにより固定されて保持されている。トランスデューサはトランスデューサ駆動ユニットにより駆動及び制御され、その駆動ユニットはオーディオ信号をトランスデューサの前面及び背面部に結合し、未調整のＤＣ電圧をトランスデューサの中央部に供給する。 4,160,882号のDriverの特許は、ラウドスピーカーとして機能する静電トランスデューサを開示する。トランスデューサは２つの平行なダイヤフラムを有し、それら各々は異なる電荷保持特性を有し導電性層間に挟まれている２つのプラスチックシートからなる。２つのダイヤフラムは中央に配置された有孔導電性シートにより分離され、導電性シートと各ダイヤフラムの間には誘電性材料が挟まれている。ダイヤフラムの２つの導電性層はオーディオ変換器の２次巻線を横切って接続され、中央の導電性シートは変換器の中央タップに接続されている。よって、変換器はオーディオ信号の供給を受け、２つのダイヤフラムはプッシュプル関係で駆動されてオーディオを再生する。 3,942,029号のKawakami et alの特許は、スピーカー又はマイクロフォンとして使用できる静電トランスデューサを開示する。そのトランスデューサは、その面上に正又は負電位のモノチャージを有する振動板又はエレクトレットダイヤフラムからなる。エレクトレットダイヤフラムは薄いポリマーフィルムから作られ、それは支持部に接着されて均一な張力が出る。一対の導電性電力がポリマーフィルムの両側部と接触し、メッシュなどの静電シールドが２つの電極の面を覆う。ＤＣ電圧は電極に時間的に適用されてエレクトレットがそのキュリー温度１２０℃まで加熱することを許容する。エレクトレットはその後冷却されて電気的偏波の半永久的状態を作る。 3,705,312号のSessler et alの特許は薄膜エレクトレットの製作方法を記載する。この方法は、２つの電極間に薄いポリマーフィルムを誘電体プレートと共に配置することを含む。次に、結果として生じる挟まれた状態の要素にわたり室温及び大気圧下で約１分間約３０keVの電圧を印加する。その方法は過去に報告されたものより３倍大きい電荷密度を作り出す。 3,345,469号のRodの特許は静電原理で動作するラウドスピーカーを記載する。そのスピーカーは中央に配置された可動ダイヤフラムを有し、それは薄い可撓性の導電性層により両面を被覆されている。ダイヤフラムの両面には少なくとも密閉プラスチック誘電体シートが配置される。シートとダイヤフラムの間に空気その他の気体が入ると、バッファゾーンが作り出される。各最外周の誘電体シートには電極が取付られ、中央の導電性ダイヤフラムにも同様に電極が取り付けられる。２つのバッファ電極は逓昇変圧器の２次巻線を横切って接続され、ダイヤフラム電極はＤＣ電圧源を通って変圧器の中央タップに接続される。変圧器の１次巻線はダイヤフラム駆動信号に接続され、その駆動信号は従来の低インピーダンス増幅器からの信号入力から得られる。発明の開示ここに記載される改良及び変形は、電解ラウドスピーカーアセンブリの性能を高めて可聴スペクトルの高帯域をより良好に再生する改良及び変形はさらにラウドスピーカーアセンブリがその比較的平坦で非磁性及び非鉄性の構造を維持することを可能とする。この平坦な構造により、本発明の平坦な電解ラウドスピーカーアセンブリは、従来のラウドスピーカーには通常は不適当な場所に位置及び配置することができる。また、平坦なデザインはその構造を折り曲げ又は湾曲させることを可能とし、それはさらに湾曲したコーナーなどの場所やランプのシェードなどの物に配置する能力を拡張する。加えて、その本来的な低重量の結果、そのラウドスピーカーアセンブリは航空機又は宇宙船などの重量が重要な環境における使用において理想的である。最も基礎的なデザイン構成において、電解ラウドスピーカーアセンブリは、容量性トランスデューサと、トランスデューサ駆動ユニットと、を備え、前記容量性トランスデューサは、複合ダイヤフラムとフレームアセンブリとを有し、前記複合ダイヤフラムは、第１面と第２面とを有する中央部であって、第１面には前方部が取り付けられ、第２面には後方面が取り付けられる中央部と、前記中央部と電気的に接触する中央電極であって、前方電極が前方部と電気的に接続され、後方電極が後方部と電気的に接続される中央電極と、を有し、前記フレームアセンブリは、内面と外面とを有する前方部と、内面と外面とを有する後方部と、を有し、前記複合ダイヤフラムは２つの内面間に吊り下げられ、前記トランスデューサ駆動ユニットは前記中央電極、前方電極及び後方電極により前記複合ダイヤフラムとインターフェースし、前記トランスデューサ駆動ユニットは入力オーディオ信号を受け取り、入力オーディオ信号と類似する前記複合ダイヤフラムを駆動する交流信号を生成する。１次振動要素として機能する中央部への改良は２つのデザイン構成において記載され、各々はトランスデューサ駆動ユニットに取り付けられる中央電極を含む。中央部の各側部に取り付けられる前方部及び後方部は３つのデザイン構成において記載される。各部は前方及び後方電極をそれぞれ有し、それらもトランスデューサ駆動ユニットに取り付けられる。同様に、複合ダイヤフラムを包囲して容量性トランスデューサを形成するフレームアセンブリも３つのデザイン構成において記載される。電気的な観点から、容量性トランスデューサは、直列接続された一組の二重陽極ダイオード又は単接合トランジスタと類似している。容量性トランスデューサの複合ダイヤフラムはトランスデューサ駆動ユニットにより駆動及び制御され、その駆動ユニットは２つのデザイン構成において記載される。上記より、本発明の目的は基礎的電解ラウドスピーカーアセンブリに改良を加え、その性能を高める変形を提供することにある。また、本発明の目的は以下のような電解ラウドスピーカーアセンブリを提供することにある：信頼性が高く容易に維持できる、特定の空間要求に適合するようにデザインできる、従来の静電スピーカーを動作させるのに必要であった高信号とバイアス電圧を必要としない、電流磁気可動コイルスピーカー及び静電スピーカーでは不可能であった種々の位置及び場所に配置できる、及び消費者及び製造者両方の観点から費用効果がある。本発明のこれら及び他の目的及び長所は、添付図面と共に以下の好適な実施形態の詳細な説明及び請求の範囲から明らかになるであろう。図面の簡単な説明図１は、電解ラウドスピーカーアセンブリのブロック図である。図２は、第１中央部、第１前方部、第１後方部及び第１フレームアセンブリを有する容量性トランスデューサの立面−断面図である。図３は、第２中央部、第２前方部、第２後方部及び第２フレームアセンブリを有する容量性トランスデューサの立面−断面図である。図４は、支持境界内に含まれる４５度角スペーサを有する典型的なエアーギャップ構造の正面立面図である。図５は、第３中央部、第３前方部、第３後方部及び第３フレームアセンブリを有する容量性トランスデューサの立面−断面図である。図６は、音波拡散器、反射器及び吸収アセンブリの頂面図である。図７は、音波拡散器、反射器及び吸収アセンブリの側部立面図である。図８は、凹形状を有し、音波拡散、反射及び吸収構造の後方音波ガイド上に配置される内側に突出した中央部の頂部平面図である。図９は、２つの音波衝突バフルを有する音響バフル構造の背面立面図である。図１０は、中央の頂点から外側へ延びる４つの音波衝突バフルを有する音響バフル構造の背面立面図である。図１１は、中央からずれた頂点から外側へ延びる４つの音波衝突バフルを有する音響バフル構造の背面立面図である。図１２は、旋回ユニットに取り付けられた頂点を有する一組の音波衝突バフルの頂部平面図であり、その旋回ユニットはバフルを選択可能な外側へ延びる角度に配置することを可能とする。図１３は、第１トランスデューサ駆動ユニットとして構成されるトランスデューサ駆動部の組み合わせブロック／概略図である。図１４は、第２トランスデューサ駆動ユニットとして構成されるトランスデューサ駆動部の組み合わせブロック／概略図である。発明を実施するためのベストモード本発明を実施するためのベストモードを電解ラウドスピーカーアセンブリ１０のための一般的な設計の観点から示され、その電解ラウドスピーカーアセンブリ１０は図１に示すように２つの主要な要素、容量性トランスデューサ１２とトランスデューサ駆動ユニット４６を有する。容量性トランスデューサ１２はさらに複合ダイヤフラム１４を有し、そのダイヤフラム１４は中央部１６、前方部２０、後方部２２、及びフレームアセンブリ３２を有する。電解ラウドスピーカーアセンブリ１０は図１の波線で示すようにオーディオ受信機−増幅器６０との組み合わせにおいて動作する。中央部１６は更に２つの設計上の構成により記載される：第１中央部１６Ａと第２中央部１８Ａである。図１及び３に示すように、第１中央部１６Ａは、第１側部１６Ｂ、第２側部１６Ｆ、及び中央電極１６Ｋを有する。第１側部１６Ｂは、金属化面１６Ｄを有する第１金属化フィルム１６Ｃを有し、その金属化面１６Ｄは内側を向いており、外側を向いている非金属化面１６Ｅと対面している。第２側部１６Ｆは金属化面１６Ｈを有する第１金属化フィルム１６Ｇを有し、その金属化面１６Ｈは内側を向いており、外側を向いている非金属化面１６Ｉと対面している。第１金属化フィルム１６Ｃの金属化面１６Ｄ及び第２金属化フィルム１６Ｇの金属化面１６Ｈは直接的に接触している。第１及び第２の金属化フィルム１６Ｃ、１６Ｇを電気的に接触している中央電極１６Ｋは、第１中央部１６Ａが図１に示すようにトランスデューサ駆動ユニット３０との電気的接触を作り出すことを可能とする。図１、３及び５に示すように、第２中央部１８Ａは、第１側部１８Ｂ、第２側部１８Ｆ、中央弾性材料１８Ｊ、及び中央電極１８Ｍを有する。第１側部１８Ｂは、金属化面１８Ｄを有する第１金属化フィルム１８Ｃを有し、その金属化面１８は内側を向いており、外側を向いている非金属化面１８Ｅと対面している。第２側部１８Ｆは、金属化面１８Ｈを有する第２金属化フィルム１８Ｇを有し、その金属化面１８Ｈは内側を向いており、外側を向いている非金属化面１８Ｉと対面している。中央弾性材料１８Ｊは前方面１８Ｋと後方面１８Ｌとを有する。第１金属化フィルム１８Ｃの金属化面１８Ｄは前方面１８Ｋと直接的に接触し、第２金属化フィルム１８Ｇの金属化面１８Ｈは後方面１８Ｌと直接的に接触している。第１及び第２金属化フィルム１８Ｌと電気的に接触している中央電極１８Ｍは、第２中央部１８Ａが図１に示すようにトランスデューサ駆動部３０と電気的に接触することを可能とする。前方部２０と後方部２２はさらに３つの設計上の構成に記載される：第１後方部２０Ａ、第２前方部２０Ａ、第１後方部２２Ａ、第２前方部２４Ａ、第２後方部２６Ａ、第２前方部２８Ａ、及び第３後方部３０Ａである。図１及び２に示すように、第１前方部２０Ａは、第１誘電体スペーサ２０Ｂ、絶縁層２０Ｅ、導電層２０Ｈ、第２グリッド２０Ｋ、及び前方電極２０Ｑを有する。内面２０Ｃ及び外面２０Ｄを有する第１誘電体スペーサ２０Ｂは、プラスチックなどの非導電性材料により構成され、スペーサパターンを有する。絶縁層２０Ｅは第１面２０Ｆと第２面２０Ｇを有し、テフロン（TEFLON、登録商標）又はコロナスプレー（corona spray）等の高誘電性化合物から作られる。絶縁層２０Ｅの第１面２０Ｆは、第１誘電体スペーサ２０Ｂの外面２０Ｄと接触している。絶縁層２０Ｅの第２面２０Ｇには導電層２０Ｈの内面２０Ｉが接触している。導電層２０Ｈの外面２０Ｊには第１グリッド２０Ｋの内面２０Ｌが取り付けられている。導電層２０Ｈは、ローリング又はスプレー装置により銀又はアルミニウムのオングストローム厚さの被覆により作られ、その被覆は真空蒸着プロセスによりなされる。前方電極２０Ｑは、第１グリッド２０Ｋの下端２０Ｐに取り付けられると共に導電層２０Ｈと接触する。第１後方部２２Ａは第１前方部２０Ａと類似しており、図１及び２にも示されている。第１後方部２２Ａは、第２誘電体スペーサ２０Ｂ、絶縁層２２Ｅ、導電層２２Ｈ、第２グリッド２２Ｋ、及び後方電極２２Ｑを有する。内面２２Ｃ及び外面２２Ｄを有する第２誘電体スペーサ２２Ｂは、プラスチックなどの非導電性材料により作られ、スペーサパターンを有する。絶縁層２２Ｅは、第１面２２Ｆと第２面２２Ｇを有し、これもテフロン（TEFLON、登録商標）又はコロナスプレー（corona spray）等の高誘電性化合物から作られる。絶縁層２２Ｅの第１面２２Ｆは第２誘電体スペーサ２２Ｂの外面２２Ｄと接触している。絶縁層２２Ｅの第２面２２Ｇには導電層２２Ｈの婦負面２２Ｉが接触している。導電層２２Ｈの外面２２Ｊには第２グリッド２２Ｋの内面２２Ｉが取り付けられている。また、導電層２２Ｈもローリング又はスプレー装置により銀又はアルミニウムのオングストローム厚さの被覆により作られ、その被覆は真空蒸着プロセスによりなされる。前方電極２２Ｑが第２グリッド２２Ｋの下端２２Ｐに取り付けられると共に導電層２２Ｈと接触する。図１及び３に示す第２前方部２４Ａは、有孔第１グリッド２４、エアーギャップ構造２４Ｇ及び前方電極２４Ｈを有する。有孔第１グリッド２４Ｂは、内面２４Ｃ、外面２４Ｄ、上端部２４Ｅ、及び下端部２４Ｆを有する。第１グリッド２４Ｂは金属又はプラスチック材料から作られ、１６〜２８ゲージの厚さとすることができ、有孔パターンを有する。第１グリッド２４Ｂの内面２４Ｃは、エアーギャップ構造２４Ｇにより第２中央部１８Ａから分離され、外面２４Ｄは図３に示すように自由に立っている。図４に示すように、エアーギャップ構造２４Ｇは典型的には絶縁材料から作られ、種々のスペーサデザインを含むことができる。これらのデザインは、多くの開口、垂直スペーサ、水平スペーサ、及び／又は角スペーサを有する構造とすることができる。支持境界部２４Ｊを有する４５°の角スペーサ２４１を有する典型的な構造２４Ｇが図４に示される。図１及び３に示す第２後方部２６Ａは、第２前方部２４Ａと構造的に同一であり、有孔第１グリッド２６Ｂ、エアーギャップ構造２６Ｇ、及び後方電極２６Ｈを有する。有孔第１グリッド２６Ｂは、内面２６Ｂ、外面２６Ｃ、上端部２６Ｅ及び下端部２６Ｆを有する。また、第２グリッド２６Ｂも金属又はプラスチック材料により作られ、１６〜２８ゲージの厚さを有し、有孔パターンを含む。第２グリッド２４Ｂの内面２６Ｃはエアーギャップ構造２６Ｇにより第２中央部１８Ａから分離され、外面２４Ｄは図３に示すように自由に立っている。図４にも示されるエアーギャップ構造２４Ｇは、典型的には絶縁材料により構成され、第２前方部について先に述べたように種々のスペーサデザインを含むことができる。図１及び５に示すように、第２前方部２８Ａは有孔第１グリッド２８Ｂを有し、その有孔第１グリッド２８Ｂは好ましくは推力な基準から外方向へ角度を有する多数のボアを有する。この角ボアの変位は前方波の増加した分散とより効率的な後方波の管理を提供する。図５に示すように、グリッド２８Ｂの内面２８Ｃはエアーギャップ構造２８Ｇにより第２中央部１８Ａから分離される。構造２８Ｇは絶縁性材料から作られ、スペーサデザインの種々の組み合わせを含むことができる。また、図５に示すように、第３前方部２８Ａは、第２中央部１８Ａの長さと実質的に等しい長さを有する。第３前方部を完成するために、前方電極２８Ｈは第１グリッド２８Ｂの下端２８Ｆに取り付けられる。図５にも示されるように、第３後方部３０Ａは、第３後方部２８Ａと同様の構成を有し、有孔第２グリッド３０Ｂを有し、その有孔第２グリッド３０Ｂは、内面３０Ｃ、外面３０Ｄ、上端部３０Ｅ及び下端部３０Ｆを有する。第３前方部２８Ａと同様に、第３後方部３０Ａもエアーギャップ構造３０Ｇにより第２中央部１８Ａから分離され、第２中央部１６Ａの長さと等しい長さを有し、下端３０Ｆから後方電極３０Ｈが延びる。容量性トランスデューサ１２の構造を完成するため、フレームアセンブリ３２が使用され、それは３つのデザイン構造で示される。図２に示すように、第１フレームアセンブリ３２Ａは前方部３２Ｂと後方部３２Ｉを有し、それら両方はアルミニウムなどの金属、又は木、もしくはプラスチックにより作ることができる。前方部３２Ｂは内面３２Ｇ、外面３２Ｄ、上部３２Ｅ及び下部３２Ｆを有する。上部３２Ｅ及び下部３２Ｆは各々が、内側へ向いた第１ステップ３２Ｇと連続的な内側に向いた第２ステップ３２Ｈを含むように構成される。また、後方部３２Ｊも、内面３２Ｋ、外面３２Ｌ、上部３２及び下部３２Ｎを有する。上部３２Ｍと下部３２Ｎの各々も、相補的な内側に向いた第１ステップ３２Ｐと連続的な内側に向いた第２ステップ３２Ｑを含むように構成される。前方部３６Ｂの第１ステップ３２Ｇは後方部３２Ｊの第１ステップ３２Ｐと当接するように寸法が決定され、前方部及び後方部の第２ステップ３２Ｈは第１中央部のそれぞれ第１面１８Ｂと第２面１８Ｆに当接するように寸法が決定される。前方部及び後方部が取り付けられると、複合ダイヤフラム１４が形成され、それは加えられた音波のセットと同期して前後に自由に移動することが可能である。図３に示すように、第２のフレームアセンブリ３４Ａは、前方部３４Ｂと後方部３４Ｇを有し、それらは両方とも金属、又は木、もしくはプラスチックにより作ることができる。前方部３４Ｂは内面３４Ｃと外面３４Ｄを有する。内面３４Ｃは逆Ｃ部分３４Ｅ内に作られる、逆Ｃ部分３４Ｅの２つの端部は第２中央部１８Ａの個々の端部に取り付けられる。後方部３４Ｇも内面３４Ｈと外面３４Ｉを有する。内面３４ＨはＣ部分３４Ｊ内に作られ、Ｃ部分３４Ｊの端部は第２中央部１８Ａの個々の端部に取り付けられる。前方及び後方部３４Ｂ、３４Ｇが取り付けられると、複合ダイヤフラムが形成される。図５に示すように、第３フレームアセンブリ３６Ａは、前方部３６Ｂ及び後方部３６Ｅを有する。前方部３６Ｂは内面３６Ｃと外面３６Ｄを有する。内面３６Ｃは、第３前方部２８Ａの有孔第１グリッド２８Ｂの外面２８Ｄの周囲に対して押しつけられる。また、後方部３６Ｅも内面３６Ｆと外面３６Ｇを有する。内面３６Ｆは、第３後方部３０Ａの有孔第２グリッド３６Ａの外面３０Ｄの周囲に対して押しつけられる。第３フレームアセンブリ３６Ａの前方及び後方部３６Ｂ、３６Ｅは、取付手段により複合ダイヤフラム１４に対して保持され、その取付手段は好ましくは複数の非導電性のボルトとナットの組み合わせからなる。取り付けられると、複合ダイヤフラム１４は加えられるオーディオ音波のセットと同期して自由に動くことができる。明瞭度と電解ラウドスピーカーアセンブリ１０の性能を高めるため、音波拡散器、反射器及び吸収アセンブリ４０を使用することができる。このアセンブリ４０は、壁に配置された電解ラウドスピーカーアセンブリ１０の背面に取り付けるようにデザインされ、２つのステップを実行することにより機能する。第１ステップでは、アセンブリ４０は、空間的応答領域からのエネルギー損失無く、同時に音波の分布を増加させると共に音波の方向を修正する。第２ステップでは、拡散した音波エネルギーを空間応答領域内で適当な時に分散させる。こうして、リスナーは拡大された聴取領域を知覚し、それはオーディオの現実性を加える。図６、７及び８に示すように、アセンブリ４０は、ベースプレート４０Ａと、音波拡散、反射及び吸収構造４２を含む。アセンブリ４０は、第１、第２又は第３アセンブリ３２Ａ、３４Ａ、３６Ａの後方部全体を実質的に覆うような寸法とされる。ベースプレート４０Ａは外面４０Ｂと内面４０Ｃを有する。内面４０Ｃは複数の隔離部材４０Ｄによりフレームアセンブリの後方部に取り付けられる。ベースプレート４０Ａが取り付けられると、図６に示すようにベースプレートの内面４０Ｃとフレームアセンブリの後方部の外面との間に空間が残される。音波拡散、反射及び吸収構造４２はベースプレート４０Ａとフレームアセンブリとの間の空間内に配置及び取付される。構造４２は複数の音波ガイドを有し、それら各々は入口ポートと出口ポートを有する。音波ガイドは、電解ラウドスピーカーアセンブリ１０の背後から放射された音波が入口ポートを通り、出口ポートが出るように案内されるように構成される。好適な実施形態では、音波拡散、反射及び吸収構造４２は、後方音波ガイド４２Ｄ、中央音波ガイド４２及び前方音波ガイド４２Ｕを有する。後方音波ガイド４２Ｄは、第１側部４２Ｅと、第２側部４２Ｆと、外面４３Ａと、内面４３Ｂと、内側へ突出する一体型閉鎖中央部４２Ｇとを有する。外面４３Ａは、取付手段によってベースプレート４０Ａの内面４０Ｃに取り付けられる。好ましくは、閉鎖中央部４２Ｇは、図６に示すように、内側に向いた頂点４２Ｉを有する三角形状４２Ｈを有する。その代わりに、閉鎖中央部４２Ｇは図８に示すような凸形状４２Ｊを有することができる。究極的には、構造４２の形状は電解ラウドスピーカーアセンブリ１０の具体的な構成に依存し、それに適合される。中央音波ガイド４２Ｌは、第１側部４２Ｍ、第２側部４２Ｎ、及び内側へ突出する中央部４２Ｐを有し、中央部４２Ｐは入口ポート４２Ｒとして機能する中央垂直スロット４２Ｑを有する。中央音波ガイド４２Ｌは複数の隔離部材４２Ｓにより後方音波ガイド４２Ｄに取り付けられて、出口ポート４２Ｔを両側に作ることを可能とする。前方音波ガイド４２Ｕは、第１側部４２Ｖ、第２側部４２Ｗ、及び内側へ突出する中央部４２Ｘを有し、中央部４２Ｘは入口ポート４２Ｚとして機能する中央垂直スロット４２Ｙを有する。中央音波ガイド４２Ｕは複数の隔離部材４２Ｓにより後方音波ガイド４２Ｌに取り付けられて、出口ポート４２Ｋを両側に作ることを可能とする。音波ガイドは、電解ラウドスピーカーアセンブリ１０から発生する音波が構造４２の入口ポート及び出口ポートを通って案内されることを可能とする。音波拡散、反射及び吸収アセンブリ４０の代わりに、図９、１０、１１及び１２に示す音響バフル構造４４を使用することができる。容量性トランスデューサ１２の複合ダイヤフラム１３の後部に取り付けられるようにデザインされた構造４４は、容量トランスデューサ１２の背面から発生する音波の制御を補助する。最も基礎的なデザインでは、図９に示すように、構造４４は少なくとも２つの音波衝突バフル４４Ａを有し、それらは頂点４４Ｂから外側へ集中し、頂点４４は取付手段４４Ｃにより容量性トランスデューサ１２の複合ダイヤフラム１４の後方部に取り付けられる。容量性トランスデューサ１２から発生した音波が少なくとも２つのバフル４４Ａに衝突すると、それらは外側へ向けてオーディオ聴取スペース内へ移動する。また、音波バフル構造４４は、図１０及び１１に示すように頂点４４Ｂから外側へ延びる４つのバフル４４Ａを含むようにデザインすることができる。頂点４４Ｂは図１０に示すように複合ダイヤフラム１２の後方部上で中心に配置することができ、又はバフル４４Ａを頂部４４Ｂから外側へ延ばすことができ、その頂部４４Ｂは図１１に示すように複合ダイヤフラム１２の後方部上に中心から外れた位置で配置される。また、頂点４４Ｂを旋回ユニット４４Ｄに取り付けることができ、その旋回ユニット４４Ｄは図１２に示すように複合ダイヤフラム１４の後方部に取り付けられる。このデザインにおいて、旋回ユニット４４Ｄは、バフル４４Ａが選択可能な外側へ向かう角度で配置されることを可能とする。トランスデューサ駆動ユニット４５は２つのデザイン構成において示される：第１トランスデューサ駆動ユニット４６及び第２トランスデューサ駆動ユニッ４８である。図１３に示すように、第１トランスデューサ駆動ユニット４６は、１次巻線４６Ｂと２次巻線４６Ｇを有するオーディオ変圧器４６Ａを有する。１次巻線４６Ｂは、第１端子４６Ｃと第２端子４６Ｄを有し、それらは入力オーディオ信号にわたって接続されている。端子４６Ｃと４６Ｄにわたって、好ましくは双方向ツェナーダイオードからなる過電圧過渡抑制器４６Ｅを接続することができる。２次巻線４６Ｇは、出力オーディオ信号を生成する第３端子４６Ｈと第６端子４６Ｉ、バイアス電圧を生成する第４端子４６Ｊ及び第５端子４６Ｋ、及び、中央にタップされた第７端子４６Ｌを有する。第３端子４６Ｈは前方電極に接続され、第６端子４６Ｉは後方電極に接続される。第４端子４６Ｊは多段電圧乗算−整流回路４６Ｍの初段に接続され、第５端子４６Ｋは回路４６Ｍの中断に接続され、第７端子４６Ｌはキャパシタ４６Ｎを通じて回路４６Ｍの最終段へ接続される。電圧トリプラー４６Ｍの出力はバイアス電圧であり、それは中央電極へ接続される。図１４に示す第２トランスデューサ駆動ユニット４８は、１次巻線４８Ｂと２次巻線４８Ｅを有するオーディオ変圧器４８Ａを有する。１次巻線４８Ｂは第１端子４８Ｃと第２端子４８Ｄを有し、それらは入力オーディオ信号にわたって接続される。２次巻線４８Ｅは、出力オーディオ信号を生成する第４端子４８Ｆ及び第５端子４８Ｇと、バイアス電圧と生成する第３端子４８Ｈ及び第６端子４８Ｉと、を有する。第３端子４８Ｈと第６端子４８Ｉは電圧増加回路４８Ｊへ接続され、その回路４８ＪはＤＣバイアス電圧を生成し、その電圧は第１接点４８Ｋを通じて前方及び後方電極へ接続される。電圧増加回路は好ましくは多段電圧乗算−整流回路からなる。第４端子４８Ｆと第５端子４８Ｇは第２接点４８Ｌにわたって接続され、そこからオーディオ信号が中央電極に供給される。本発明を添付図面を参照して完全な詳細について説明し、図示してきたが、本発明の精神及び視野から外れること無く本発明の多く偏向及び変形を行うことができるので、本発明はそのような詳細に限定されるべきではない。従って、本発明は添付の請求の範囲の用語及び視野内に含まれるあらゆる全ての変形及び形態をカバーするように記載されている。Description: FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to the general field of loudspeakers, and in particular to improvements and variations of the electrolytic loudspeaker assembly described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,392,358, the U.S. patent to MZX. Assigned, MZX is also the assignee of the present application. Background Art Since the beginning of "high fidelity" audio systems, engineers have developed loudspeakers with relatively low distortion and frequency characteristics that can faithfully reproduce all types of music, from simple to complex. I've been trying to do it. Loudspeakers are classified as either magnetic moving coil speakers or non-magnetic electrostatic speakers / transducers. Since the invention falls into the field of electrostatic loudspeakers, this background art concentrates on these types of loudspeakers. Most conventional electrostatic loudspeakers consist of a flexible central membrane or diaphragm with fixed electrodes designed on the sides in the form of a grid or wire. The wires are spaced apart, thereby permitting the emission of sound waves generated by movement of the flexible membrane. The wires are held in a dielectric insulating material and the flexible membrane is coated with a high resistance material. The membrane is further suspended in an open grid frame between the electrodes, and in operation, a relatively small segment of the diaphragm vibrates due to electrostatic field effects on the diaphragm. Electrostatic transducer loudspeakers are considered superior in many respects to moving coil type speakers. However, they are not generally accepted. This lack of acceptance is due to the mechanical complexity in some designs, low acoustic power, the need for a relatively large radiating area, and the relatively high gap between the active diaphragm and the wire grid electrode. It depends on the application of the DC polarization bias voltage. For example, a typical full-range push-pull electrostatic speaker requires a bias voltage of 3500 volts DC and a drive amplifier with a power capability of 60-100 watts. In addition, electrostatic speakers can only reproduce medium and high audio frequencies. As a result, it is usually necessary to use a bass speaker, which can be connected to a loudspeaker assembly or be a separate module such as a subwoofer. To alleviate some of the above problems, transducers using electrets as diaphragms have been used. The electret diaphragm is considered to be permanently polarized and thus does not require a separate polarized DC voltage. However, these electrets have been found to be unsatisfactory for loudspeaker applications because the misalignment of the partially oriented dipoles corrodes, at least at first approximation, due to a random process. Prior art searches do not disclose patents that directly read the claims of the present invention, but the following U.S. patents are believed to be relevant: Patent Number Inventor Issued 5,392,358 Driver 1995.2.21 4,160,882 Driver 1979.7. 10 3,942,029 Kawakami et al 1976.3.2 3,705,312 Sessler et al 1971.12.5 3,345,469 Rod 1967.10.3 5,392,358's Driver patent discloses an improved electrolytic loudspeaker assembly, which is designed to reproduce high-bandwidth electrical signals Have been. The loudspeaker assembly consists of a thin non-magnetic capacitive transducer and a transducer drive unit. The transducer further consists of a complex diaphragm consisting of a vibrating central part with a front part and a back part attached to each side. All three parts of the complex diaphragm are fixedly held by the frame assembly. The transducer is driven and controlled by a transducer drive unit, which couples audio signals to the front and back of the transducer and provides an unregulated DC voltage to the center of the transducer. The Driver patent of 4,160,882 discloses an electrostatic transducer that functions as a loudspeaker. The transducer has two parallel diaphragms, each of which consists of two plastic sheets sandwiched between conductive layers with different charge retention properties. The two diaphragms are separated by a centrally located perforated conductive sheet, and a dielectric material is sandwiched between the conductive sheet and each diaphragm. The two conductive layers of the diaphragm are connected across the secondary winding of the audio transducer, and the central conductive sheet is connected to the center tap of the transducer. Therefore, the converter receives the supply of the audio signal, and the two diaphragms are driven in a push-pull relationship to reproduce the audio. Kawakami et al in 3,942,029 discloses an electrostatic transducer that can be used as a speaker or microphone. The transducer consists of a diaphragm or electret diaphragm having a monocharge of positive or negative potential on its surface. The electret diaphragm is made from a thin polymer film, which is glued to the support to provide uniform tension. A pair of conductive power contacts both sides of the polymer film and an electrostatic shield such as a mesh covers the surfaces of the two electrodes. A DC voltage is applied to the electrodes in time to allow the electret to heat to its Curie temperature of 120 ° C. The electret is then cooled to create a semi-permanent state of electrical polarization. No. 3,705,312 to Sessler et al describes a method of making a thin film electret. The method involves placing a thin polymer film with a dielectric plate between two electrodes. Next, a voltage of about 30 keV is applied over the resulting pinched element at room temperature and atmospheric pressure for about 1 minute. The method produces a charge density three times greater than previously reported. The 3,345,469 Rod patent describes a loudspeaker operating on the electrostatic principle. The loudspeaker has a centrally located movable diaphragm, which is coated on both sides with a thin flexible conductive layer. At least a hermetically sealed plastic dielectric sheet is arranged on both sides of the diaphragm. When air or other gas enters between the sheet and the diaphragm, a buffer zone is created. An electrode is attached to each outermost dielectric sheet, and an electrode is similarly attached to the center conductive diaphragm. The two buffer electrodes are connected across the secondary winding of the step-up transformer, and the diaphragm electrode is connected through a DC voltage source to the center tap of the transformer. The primary winding of the transformer is connected to a diaphragm drive signal, which is derived from a signal input from a conventional low impedance amplifier. Disclosure of the invention The improvements and modifications described herein enhance the performance of the electrolytic loudspeaker assembly and better reproduce the high band of the audible spectrum. It allows to maintain the structure. This flat structure allows the flat electrolytic loudspeaker assembly of the present invention to be located and positioned where it would not normally be suitable for a conventional loudspeaker. Also, the flat design allows the structure to be folded or curved, which further expands its ability to be placed in places such as curved corners and objects such as lamp shades. In addition, due to its inherent low weight, the loudspeaker assembly is ideal for use in weight-critical environments such as aircraft or spacecraft. In a most basic design configuration, an electrolytic loudspeaker assembly comprises a capacitive transducer and a transducer drive unit, wherein the capacitive transducer comprises a composite diaphragm and a frame assembly, wherein the composite diaphragm comprises a first A central portion having a surface and a second surface, wherein a front portion is attached to the first surface and a rear surface is attached to the second surface; and a central electrode electrically contacting the central portion. A front electrode having an inner surface and an outer surface, the front electrode having a central electrode electrically connected to the front portion, and the rear electrode being electrically connected to the rear portion. And a rear portion having an inner surface and an outer surface, wherein the composite diaphragm is suspended between two inner surfaces; Is the composite diaphragm interfaced with said central electrode, the front electrode and the rear electrode, the transducer drive unit receives an input audio signal, generates an AC signal for driving said composite diaphragm similar to the input audio signal. Improvements to the central part acting as the primary vibrating element have been described in two design configurations, each including a central electrode attached to the transducer drive unit. The front and rear attached to each side of the center are described in three design configurations. Each part has front and rear electrodes, respectively, which are also attached to the transducer drive unit. Similarly, a frame assembly that surrounds a composite diaphragm to form a capacitive transducer is also described in three design configurations. From an electrical point of view, a capacitive transducer is analogous to a set of double anode diodes or single junction transistors connected in series. The composite diaphragm of the capacitive transducer is driven and controlled by a transducer drive unit, which is described in two design configurations. In view of the foregoing, it is an object of the present invention to improve upon the basic electrolytic loudspeaker assembly and to provide variants that enhance its performance. It is also an object of the present invention to provide an electrolytic loudspeaker assembly that: operates a conventional electrostatic loudspeaker that is reliable and easy to maintain, can be designed to meet specific space requirements, It does not require the high signal and bias voltage needed to drive it, can be placed in various locations and locations not possible with galvanic moving coil speakers and electrostatic speakers, and from a consumer and manufacturer perspective. Cost-effective from. These and other objects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and from the claims. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an electrolytic loudspeaker assembly. FIG. 2 is an elevation-cross-sectional view of a capacitive transducer having a first central portion, a first front portion, a first rear portion, and a first frame assembly. FIG. 3 is an elevation-cross-sectional view of a capacitive transducer having a second central portion, a second front portion, a second rear portion, and a second frame assembly. FIG. 4 is a front elevation view of a typical air gap structure having 45 degree angle spacers contained within the support boundaries. FIG. 5 is an elevation-cross-sectional view of a capacitive transducer having a third central portion, a third front portion, a third rear portion, and a third frame assembly. FIG. 6 is a top view of the sound diffuser, reflector and absorber assembly. FIG. 7 is a side elevation view of a sound diffuser, reflector and absorber assembly. FIG. 8 is a top plan view of an inwardly projecting central portion having a concave shape and disposed on a back acoustic wave guide of a sound diffusing, reflecting and absorbing structure. FIG. 9 is a rear elevation view of an acoustic baffle structure having two acoustic impingement baffles. FIG. 10 is a rear elevation view of an acoustic baffle structure having four sound impact baffles extending outward from a central vertex. FIG. 11 is a rear elevation view of an acoustic baffle structure having four sonic impingement baffles extending outwardly from an off-center apex. FIG. 12 is a top plan view of a set of sonic impingement baffles having vertices mounted on a pivoting unit, which allows the baffle to be positioned at a selectable outwardly extending angle. FIG. 13 is a combined block / schematic diagram of a transducer drive configured as a first transducer drive unit. FIG. 14 is a combined block / schematic diagram of a transducer drive configured as a second transducer drive unit. Best mode for carrying out the invention The best mode for practicing the present invention is shown in terms of a general design for an electrolytic loudspeaker assembly 10, which has two main components, a capacitive transducer, as shown in FIG. 12 and a transducer drive unit 46. Capacitive transducer 12 further includes a composite diaphragm 14 having a central portion 16, a front portion 20, a rear portion 22, and a frame assembly 32. The electrolytic loudspeaker assembly 10 operates in combination with an audio receiver-amplifier 60 as shown by the dashed lines in FIG. The central portion 16 is further described by two design configurations: a first central portion 16A and a second central portion 18A. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the first central portion 16A has a first side portion 16B, a second side portion 16F, and a central electrode 16K. The first side 16B has a first metallized film 16C having a metallized surface 16D, the metallized surface 16D facing inward and facing the non-metallized surface 16E facing outward. I have. The second side 16F has a first metallized film 16G having a metallized surface 16H, the metallized surface 16H facing inward and facing the non-metallized surface 16I facing outward. The metallized surface 16D of the first metallized film 16C and the metallized surface 16H of the second metallized film 16G are in direct contact. The central electrode 16K, which is in electrical contact with the first and second metallized films 16C, 16G, makes it possible for the first central portion 16A to make electrical contact with the transducer drive unit 30 as shown in FIG. Make it possible. As shown in FIGS. 1, 3 and 5, the second central portion 18A has a first side portion 18B, a second side portion 18F, a central elastic material 18J, and a central electrode 18M. The first side 18B has a first metallized film 18C having a metallized surface 18D, the metallized surface 18 facing inward and facing the non-metallized surface 18E facing outward. I have. The second side 18F has a second metallized film 18G having a metallized surface 18H, the metallized surface 18H facing inward and facing the non-metallized surface 18I facing outward. . The central elastic material 18J has a front surface 18K and a rear surface 18L. The metallized surface 18D of the first metallized film 18C is in direct contact with the front surface 18K, and the metallized surface 18H of the second metallized film 18G is in direct contact with the rear surface 18L. The central electrode 18M, which is in electrical contact with the first and second metallized films 18L, allows the second central portion 18A to be in electrical contact with the transducer driver 30, as shown in FIG. The front part 20 and the rear part 22 are further described in three design configurations: a first rear part 20A, a second front part 20A, a first rear part 22A, a second front part 24A, a second rear part 26A, A second front part 28A and a third rear part 30A. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the first front portion 20A has a first dielectric spacer 20B, an insulating layer 20E, a conductive layer 20H, a second grid 20K, and a front electrode 20Q. The first dielectric spacer 20B having the inner surface 20C and the outer surface 20D is made of a non-conductive material such as plastic and has a spacer pattern. The insulating layer 20E has a first surface 20F and a second surface 20G and is made of a high dielectric compound such as TEFLON or corona spray. The first surface 20F of the insulating layer 20E is in contact with the outer surface 20D of the first dielectric spacer 20B. The inner surface 20I of the conductive layer 20H is in contact with the second surface 20G of the insulating layer 20E. The inner surface 20L of the first grid 20K is attached to the outer surface 20J of the conductive layer 20H. The conductive layer 20H is made by an Angstrom thickness coating of silver or aluminum by rolling or spraying equipment, the coating being made by a vacuum deposition process. The front electrode 20Q is attached to the lower end 20P of the first grid 20K and contacts the conductive layer 20H. The first rear portion 22A is similar to the first front portion 20A and is also shown in FIGS. The first rear portion 22A has a second dielectric spacer 20B, an insulating layer 22E, a conductive layer 22H, a second grid 22K, and a rear electrode 22Q. The second dielectric spacer 22B having the inner surface 22C and the outer surface 22D is made of a non-conductive material such as plastic and has a spacer pattern. The insulating layer 22E has a first surface 22F and a second surface 22G, also made of a high dielectric compound such as TEFLON or corona spray. The first surface 22F of the insulating layer 22E is in contact with the outer surface 22D of the second dielectric spacer 22B. The negative surface 221 of the conductive layer 22H is in contact with the second surface 22G of the insulating layer 22E. The inner surface 22I of the second grid 22K is attached to the outer surface 22J of the conductive layer 22H. The conductive layer 22H is also made by rolling or spraying with an Angstrom thickness coating of silver or aluminum, which is made by a vacuum deposition process. The front electrode 22Q is attached to the lower end 22P of the second grid 22K and contacts the conductive layer 22H. 1 and 3 includes a first perforated grid 24, an air gap structure 24G, and a front electrode 24H. The perforated first grid 24B has an inner surface 24C, an outer surface 24D, an upper end 24E, and a lower end 24F. The first grid 24B is made of a metal or plastic material, can be 16-28 gauge thick, and has a perforated pattern. The inner surface 24C of the first grid 24B is separated from the second central portion 18A by an air gap structure 24G, and the outer surface 24D stands free as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 4, the air gap structure 24G is typically made from an insulating material and can include various spacer designs. These designs can be structures with many openings, vertical spacers, horizontal spacers, and / or corner spacers. An exemplary structure 24G having a 45 ° angular spacer 241 with a support boundary 24J is shown in FIG. The second rear portion 26A shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 is structurally identical to the second front portion 24A and includes a perforated first grid 26B, an air gap structure 26G, and a rear electrode 26H. The perforated first grid 26B has an inner surface 26B, an outer surface 26C, an upper end 26E, and a lower end 26F. The second grid 26B is also made of a metal or plastic material, has a thickness of 16 to 28 gauge, and includes a perforated pattern. The inner surface 26C of the second grid 24B is separated from the second central portion 18A by the air gap structure 26G, and the outer surface 24D stands free as shown in FIG. The air gap structure 24G, also shown in FIG. 4, is typically constructed of an insulating material and can include various spacer designs as described above for the second front. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 5, the second forward portion 28A has a perforated first grid 28B, which preferably has a number of bores angled outwardly from a thrust reference. . This angular bore displacement provides increased dispersion of the forward wave and more efficient management of the backward wave. As shown in FIG. 5, the inner surface 28C of the grid 28B is separated from the second central portion 18A by the air gap structure 28G. Structure 28G is made of an insulating material and can include various combinations of spacer designs. Also, as shown in FIG. 5, the third front portion 28A has a length substantially equal to the length of the second central portion 18A. To complete the third front part, the front electrode 28H is attached to the lower end 28F of the first grid 28B. As shown in FIG. 5, the third rear portion 30A has the same configuration as the third rear portion 28A, and has a perforated second grid 30B, and the perforated second grid 30B has an inner surface 30C. , An outer surface 30D, an upper end 30E and a lower end 30F. Similarly to the third front part 28A, the third rear part 30A is also separated from the second central part 18A by the air gap structure 30G, has a length equal to the length of the second central part 16A, and has a rear electrode from the lower end 30F. 30H extends. To complete the structure of the capacitive transducer 12, a frame assembly 32 is used, which is shown in three design structures. As shown in FIG. 2, the first frame assembly 32A has a front portion 32B and a rear portion 32I, both of which can be made of metal, such as aluminum, or wood, or plastic. The front portion 32B has an inner surface 32G, an outer surface 32D, an upper portion 32E, and a lower portion 32F. Upper 32E and lower 32F are each configured to include a first inwardly directed step 32G and a continuous inwardly directed second step 32H. The rear portion 32J also has an inner surface 32K, an outer surface 32L, an upper portion 32, and a lower portion 32N. Each of the upper portion 32M and the lower portion 32N is also configured to include a complementary inwardly directed first step 32P and a continuous inwardly directed second step 32Q. The first step 32G of the front part 36B is dimensioned so as to abut the first step 32P of the rear part 32J, and the second step 32H of the front part and the rear part is formed by the first surface 18B and the The dimensions are determined so as to contact the two surfaces 18F. When the front and rear parts are attached, a composite diaphragm 14 is formed, which is free to move back and forth in synchronization with the set of applied sound waves. As shown in FIG. 3, the second frame assembly 34A has a front portion 34B and a rear portion 34G, both of which can be made of metal, or wood, or plastic. The front portion 34B has an inner surface 34C and an outer surface 34D. The inner surface 34C is made in an inverted C portion 34E, the two ends of which are attached to the respective ends of the second central portion 18A. The rear portion 34G also has an inner surface 34H and an outer surface 34I. The inner surface 34H is made in the C-section 34J, the ends of which are attached to the respective ends of the second central portion 18A. When the front and rear portions 34B, 34G are attached, a composite diaphragm is formed. As shown in FIG. 5, the third frame assembly 36A has a front portion 36B and a rear portion 36E. The front portion 36B has an inner surface 36C and an outer surface 36D. The inner surface 36C is pressed against the periphery of the outer surface 28D of the perforated first grid 28B of the third front portion 28A. The rear portion 36E also has an inner surface 36F and an outer surface 36G. The inner surface 36F is pressed against the periphery of the outer surface 30D of the perforated second grid 36A of the third rear portion 30A. The front and rear portions 36B, 36E of the third frame assembly 36A are held to the composite diaphragm 14 by mounting means, which preferably comprises a plurality of non-conductive bolt and nut combinations. When attached, the composite diaphragm 14 is free to move in synchronization with the set of audio sound waves to be applied. To enhance clarity and the performance of the electrolytic loudspeaker assembly 10, a sound diffuser, reflector and absorber assembly 40 can be used. This assembly 40 is designed to be mounted on the back of a wall-mounted electrolytic loudspeaker assembly 10 and works by performing two steps. In the first step, the assembly 40 increases the distribution of the sound waves and corrects the direction of the sound waves without energy loss from the spatial response area. In the second step, the diffused sound energy is dispersed at appropriate times within the spatial response region. Thus, the listener perceives an enlarged listening area, which adds audio realism. As shown in FIGS. 6, 7 and 8, the assembly 40 includes a base plate 40A and a sound diffusing, reflecting and absorbing structure. The assembly 40 is dimensioned to substantially cover the entire rear portion of the first, second or third assembly 32A, 34A, 36A. The base plate 40A has an outer surface 40B and an inner surface 40C. Inner surface 40C is attached to the rear of the frame assembly by a plurality of isolation members 40D. When the base plate 40A is attached, a space is left between the inner surface 40C of the base plate and the outer surface of the rear part of the frame assembly as shown in FIG. A sound diffusing, reflecting and absorbing structure 42 is located and mounted in the space between the base plate 40A and the frame assembly. Structure 42 has a plurality of acoustic guides, each of which has an inlet port and an outlet port. The sound wave guide is configured such that sound waves emitted from behind the electrolytic loudspeaker assembly 10 are guided through the inlet port and out of the outlet port. In a preferred embodiment, the sound diffusing, reflecting and absorbing structure 42 includes a rear sound guide 42D, a central sound guide 42, and a front sound guide 42U. The rear acoustic wave guide 42D has a first side portion 42E, a second side portion 42F, an outer surface 43A, an inner surface 43B, and an integrated closed central portion 42G protruding inward. The outer surface 43A is attached to the inner surface 40C of the base plate 40A by attaching means. Preferably, the closed central portion 42G has a triangular shape 42H with an inwardly directed vertex 42I, as shown in FIG. Alternatively, the closed central portion 42G can have a convex shape 42J as shown in FIG. Ultimately, the shape of the structure 42 depends on and is adapted to the specific configuration of the electrolytic loudspeaker assembly 10. The central acoustic guide 42L has a first side 42M, a second side 42N, and a central portion 42P protruding inward, and the central portion 42P has a central vertical slot 42Q that functions as an inlet port 42R. The central sonic guide 42L is attached to the rear sonic guide 42D by a plurality of isolating members 42S to allow the creation of exit ports 42T on both sides. The forward acoustic guide 42U has a first side 42V, a second side 42W, and a central portion 42X that protrudes inward, and the central portion 42X has a central vertical slot 42Y that functions as an inlet port 42Z. The central sonic guide 42U is attached to the rear sonic guide 42L by a plurality of isolating members 42S to allow the creation of exit ports 42K on both sides. The acoustic wave guide allows acoustic waves generated from the electrolytic loudspeaker assembly 10 to be guided through the inlet and outlet ports of the structure 42. The acoustic baffle structure 44 shown in FIGS. 9, 10, 11 and 12 can be used in place of the sound diffusion, reflection and absorption assembly 40. A structure 44 designed to be attached to the rear of the composite diaphragm 13 of the capacitive transducer 12 assists in controlling sound waves emanating from the back of the capacitive transducer 12. In the most basic design, as shown in FIG. 9, structure 44 has at least two sonic impingement baffles 44A, which converge outwardly from apex 44B, and apex 44 is attached to capacitive transducer 12 by attachment means 44C. It is attached to the rear of the composite diaphragm 14. When sound waves generated by the capacitive transducer 12 strike at least two baffles 44A, they move outwardly into the audio listening space. Also, the sonic baffle structure 44 can be designed to include four baffles 44A extending outward from the apex 44B, as shown in FIGS. Apex 44B can be centered on the rear of composite diaphragm 12 as shown in FIG. 10, or baffle 44A can extend outwardly from top 44B, where top 44B is compounded as shown in FIG. It is located off center on the back of the diaphragm 12. In addition, the apex 44B can be attached to the turning unit 44D, and the turning unit 44D is attached to the rear part of the composite diaphragm 14, as shown in FIG. In this design, swivel unit 44D allows baffle 44A to be positioned at a selectable outward angle. The transducer drive unit 45 is shown in two design configurations: a first transducer drive unit 46 and a second transducer drive unit 48. As shown in FIG. 13, the first transducer driving unit 46 has an audio transformer 46A having a primary winding 46B and a secondary winding 46G. Primary winding 46B has a first terminal 46C and a second terminal 46D, which are connected across the input audio signal. An overvoltage transient suppressor 46E, preferably consisting of a bidirectional Zener diode, can be connected across terminals 46C and 46D. The secondary winding 46G includes a third terminal 46H and a sixth terminal 46I for generating an output audio signal, a fourth terminal 46J and a fifth terminal 46K for generating a bias voltage, and a seventh terminal 46L tapped at the center. Have. The third terminal 46H is connected to the front electrode, and the sixth terminal 46I is connected to the rear electrode. The fourth terminal 46J is connected to the first stage of the multi-stage voltage multiplier-rectifier circuit 46M, the fifth terminal 46K is connected to the interruption of the circuit 46M, and the seventh terminal 46L is connected to the last stage of the circuit 46M through the capacitor 46N. The output of voltage tripler 46M is the bias voltage, which is connected to the center electrode. The second transducer drive unit 48 shown in FIG. 14 has an audio transformer 48A having a primary winding 48B and a secondary winding 48E. Primary winding 48B has a first terminal 48C and a second terminal 48D, which are connected across the input audio signal. The secondary winding 48E has a fourth terminal 48F and a fifth terminal 48G for generating an output audio signal, and a third terminal 48H and a sixth terminal 48I for generating a bias voltage. The third terminal 48H and the sixth terminal 48I are connected to a voltage increasing circuit 48J, which generates a DC bias voltage, which is connected to the front and rear electrodes through a first contact 48K. The voltage increasing circuit preferably comprises a multi-stage voltage multiplying-rectifying circuit. The fourth terminal 48F and the fifth terminal 48G are connected across the second contact 48L, from which an audio signal is supplied to the center electrode. Although the present invention has been described and illustrated in full detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is to be understood that many departures and modifications of the present invention may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. It should not be limited to details. Accordingly, the invention is described as covering all and all variations and forms that come within the language and scope of the following claims.

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Claims

[Claims] 1. In an electrolytic loudspeaker assembly, A capacitive transducer and a transducer drive unit, The capacitive transducer comprises a composite diaphragm and a frame assembly. Have The composite diaphragm, A central portion having a first surface and a second surface, wherein a front portion is attached to the first surface; A central portion where the rear surface is attached to the second surface; A central electrode that is in electrical contact with the central portion, wherein the front electrode is in contact with the front portion; A central electrode, wherein the rear electrode is electrically connected to the rear electrode and the rear electrode is electrically connected to the rear portion. The frame assembly includes: A forward portion having an inner surface and an outer surface, A rear portion having an inner surface and an outer surface, wherein the composite diaphragm comprises two Suspended between the inner surfaces, The transducer drive unit is connected to the center electrode, front electrode and rear electrode. Interface with the composite diaphragm, and The unit receives an input audio signal, and the unit is similar to the input audio signal. Electrolytic loudspeaker assembly for generating an alternating signal that drives a composite diaphragm . 2. The central portion has a first central portion, and the first central portion includes: First metallized fill having an inwardly facing metallized surface and an outwardly facing non-metallized surface Said first surface having a system; A second having an inwardly facing metallized surface and an outwardly facing non-metallized surface Said second surface having a metallized film, and metallizing said first metallized film. The surface and the metallized surface of the second metallized film are in direct contact, and 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the central electrode is in electrical contact with the first and second metallized films. An assembly according to claim 1. 3. The central part has a second central part, and the second central part is A first metallized filter having an inwardly facing metallized surface and an outwardly facing non-metallized surface. Said first surface having lum; Second metallized fill having an inwardly facing metallized surface and an outwardly facing non-metallized surface Said second surface having a A central elastic material having a front surface and a rear surface, wherein the central elastic material is The metallized surface is in direct contact with the front surface and the metallized surface of the second metallized film is rearward Direct contact with the surface, and The central electrode is in electrical contact with the first and second metallized films. An assembly according to claim 1. 4. The front portion has a first front portion, and the first front portion includes: A first dielectric spacer having an inner surface and an outer surface; An insulating layer having a first surface and a second surface, wherein the first surface is formed of the first dielectric spacer. An insulator layer in contact with the outer surface; A conductive layer having an inner surface and an outer surface, wherein the inner surface contacts a second surface of the insulating layer. A conductive layer, and A first grid having an inner surface, an outer surface, an upper end and a lower end, wherein the inner surface is A first grid in contact with the outer surface of the conductive layer and having a front electrode extending from the lower end. The assembly of claim 1, wherein 5. The first dielectric spacer includes a spacer pattern and is made of a non-conductive material. The assembly of claim 4, wherein the assembly is 6. The assembly of claim 4, wherein said insulating layer comprises a high dielectric compound. 7. The conductive layer includes a Angstrom thick coating of silver or aluminum. The assembly according to claim 4. 8. The rear portion has a first rear portion, and the first rear portion has A second dielectric spacer having an inner surface and an outer surface; An insulating layer having a first surface and a second surface, wherein the first surface is the second dielectric spacer. An insulating layer that contacts the outer surface of the A conductive layer having an inner surface and an outer surface, wherein the inner surface contacts an outer surface of the insulator layer. A conductive layer, and A non-conductive second grid having an inner surface, an outer surface, an upper end and a lower end, The surface is in contact with the outer surface of the conductive layer, and the second grid has a rear electrode extending from the lower end. The assembly of claim 1, comprising: 9. The second dielectric spacer includes a spacer pattern and is made of a non-conductive material. The assembly of claim 8, wherein the assembly is 10. 7. The assembly of claim 6, wherein said insulating layer comprises a high dielectric compound. 11. The conductive layer is coated with an Angstrom thick conductive material. The assembly of claim 7, wherein the assembly is a cap. 12. The front portion has a second front portion, and the second front portion has an inner surface, an outer surface, and an upper end. It has a perforated first grid with a part and a lower end, and the inner surface has an air gap structure. The second front portion is further separated from the second central portion, and the outer side surface is freely standing. Has a length smaller than the length of the second central portion, and the front electrode extends from the lower end. The assembly of claim 1, wherein 13. 13. The method according to claim 12, wherein the perforated first grid is made of metal or plastic. The described assembly. 14． The air gap structure is made of insulating material including various spacer designs 14. The assembly of claim 13, wherein the assembly is made. 15. The rear portion has a second rear portion, the second rear portion having an inner surface, an outer surface, and an upper end. And a perforated second grid having a lower end, and the inner surface is formed by an air gap. The second rear portion is separated from the second central portion, the outer surface is free standing, and the second rear portion is the second rear portion. A contractor having a length smaller than the length of the central portion and extending the rear electrode from the lower end. The assembly of claim 1. 16. 16. The method according to claim 15, wherein the perforated first grid is made of metal or plastic. The described assembly. 17． The air gap structure is made of insulating material including various spacer designs The assembly of claim 15, wherein the assembly is made. 18. The front portion has a third front portion, and the third front portion has an inner surface, an outer surface, and an upper end. And a perforated first grid having a lower end and an inner surface formed by an air gap structure. Being separated from the second central portion, the third front portion being substantially equal in length to the second central portion; The front electrode of claim 1 having a length equal to and a front electrode extending from the lower end. assembly. 19. The perforated first grid includes a plurality of bores having angles outward from a vertical reference. 20. The assembly of claim 18, comprising: 20. The air gap structure includes various combinations of spacer designs 20. The assembly of claim 19, wherein the assembly is made of an insulating material that can be used. 21. The second rear portion has a perforated second surface having an inner surface, an outer surface, an upper end, and a lower end. A grid having an inner surface separated from the second central portion by an air gap structure; Wherein the third rear portion has a length equal to the length of the second central portion, and a lower end portion. The assembly of claim 1, wherein a rear electrode extends from the rear electrode. 22. The perforated first grid includes a plurality of bores having angles outward from a vertical reference. 22. The assembly according to claim 21, comprising: 23. The air gap structure includes various combinations of spacer designs 22. The assembly of claim 21, wherein the assembly is made of an insulating material that can be used. 24. The frame assembly has a first frame assembly, and the first frame Arm assembly Said front portion having an inner surface, an outer surface, an upper end portion and a lower end portion, wherein said front end portion is Each of the lower ends has an inwardly directed first step and a continuous, inwardly directed second step. A front portion configured to include a A rear portion having an inner surface, an outer surface, an upper end and a lower end, wherein the upper end and the lower Each of the ends has a complementary, inwardly directed first step and a continuous, inwardly directed second step. And a rear portion configured to include a step. The first step of the front part abuts the first step of the rear part, and the first step of the front part and the rear part The two steps contact each of the first central portions, and the front and rear portions When attached, the composite diaphragm is formed, and the applied acoustic wave The composite diaphragm can move freely back and forth in synchronization with the set. The assembly of claim 1, wherein 25. The frame assembly has a second frame assembly, and the second frame Arm assembly The front portion having an inner surface and an outer surface, wherein the inner surface is configured as an inverted C portion; The two ends of the part are a front part attached to the respective ends of said second central part, and And The rear portion having an inner surface and an outer surface, wherein the inner surface is configured as a C portion; A rear end attached to each end of said second central portion; The composite diaphragm is formed when the front and rear portions are attached. Synchronized with the set of applied audio sound waves, 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the composite diaphragm is capable of freely moving back and forth. Assembly. 26. The frame assembly has a third frame assembly, and the third frame Arm assembly The front portion having an inner surface and an outer surface, wherein the inner surface is outside the perforated first grid. A front part pressed around the surface; and The rear portion having an inner surface and an outer surface, wherein the inner surface is outside the perforated second grid. A rear portion pressed around the surface, The front part and the rear part of the third frame assembly are attached by the mounting means. Same as the set of audio sound waves pressed and applied against the 2. The assembly of claim 1 wherein said composite diaphragm is allowed to move in anticipation. Ri. 27. The means for holding the front and rear portions includes a plurality of non-conductive bolts and nuts. 27. The assembly of claim 26, wherein the assembly is a combination of the two. 28. It has dimensions substantially similar to the frame assembly and has an outer surface and an inner surface. The inner surface of the base plate is provided by a plurality of separating members. The base plate is attached to an outer surface of a rear portion of the frame assembly, and When installed, the inner surface of the base plate and the frame assembly A base plate in which a space is left between the outer surface of the base part, and A sound diffusion, reflection and absorption structure mounted in the space, wherein the structure is Has a plurality of sonic guides having an inlet port and an outlet port, wherein the sonic guides Sound waves generated from the electrolytic loudspeaker assembly are applied to an inlet port of the structure. And through the exit port Further comprising a sound diffuser, reflector and absorbing assembly configured to be housed therein The assembly of claim 1, wherein 29. The sound diffusion, reflection and absorption structure further comprises: A first surface portion, a second surface portion, an inner surface, an outer surface, and integrally and closed inwardly projecting A rear acoustic wave guide having a central portion, the outer surface of which is A back acoustic wave guide attached to the inner surface of the base plate, A first side, a second side, an outer surface, an inner surface, and a center serving as a first inlet port A central acoustic guide having an inwardly projecting central portion having a vertical slot, The central acoustic wave guide is attached to the rear acoustic wave guide by a plurality of separating members. Between the inner surface of the rear sound guide and the outer surface of the central sound guide during installation. A first outlet port is formed on each side of the inlet port and a respective one of the inlet port and the outlet port. A central acoustic guide wherein the combination allows passage of a first group of acoustic waves; and A first side, a second side, an outer surface, an inner surface, and an inner side functioning as a second inlet port. A front acoustic wave guide having a central vertical slot protruding into the front acoustic wave guide. The id is attached to the central sound guide by a plurality of separating members, On each side between the inner surface of the central sound guide and the outer surface of the forward sound guide. Two outlet ports are formed, and each combination of the inlet port and the outlet port sounds A forward acoustic wave guide that allows passage of a second group of waves; Between the inner surface of the forward sound guide and the outer surface of the frame assembly. 29. The assembly according to claim 28, wherein a passage is provided to allow passage of the third group. Assembly. 30. The closed, inwardly projecting central portion is designed to have a triangular or concave shape. 30. The assembly of claim 29, which is signable. 31. Further comprising an acoustic baffle structure having at least two acoustic impingement baffles; The sonic impingement baffle is concentrated outward from the apex, and the apex is Affixed to the rear of the composite diaphragm of the capacitive transducer; A sound wave generated from a quantitative transducer impinges on the at least two baffles. 2. The assembly according to claim 1, wherein the baffle moves outwardly into the acoustic listening space when the baffle is moved. Assembly. 32. The at least two sonic impingement baffles have four baffles and the four A baffle extends outward from the apex, said apex being a composite damper of said capacitive transducer. 32. The assembly of claim 31, wherein the assembly is substantially centrally located on a rearward portion of the diaphragm. . 33. The at least two sonic impingement baffles have four baffles; Three baffles extend outward from the apex, said apex being a multiple of the capacitive transducer. 32. The assembly of claim 31 located off-center on a rearward portion of the composite diaphragm. Yellowtail. 34. The apex is attached to a swivel unit, the swivel unit is the capacitive Attached to the rear of the composite diaphragm of the transducer, The baffle allows the baffle to be positioned at a selectable outwardly extending angle 32. The assembly according to item 31, wherein 35. The transducer driving unit is a first transducer A drive unit, wherein the first transducer drive unit comprises: Primary winding having a first terminal and a second terminal connected across an input audio signal And a third terminal and a sixth terminal for generating an output audio signal and a bias voltage Winding having a fourth terminal and a fifth terminal, and a seventh terminal tapped at the center. And an audio transformer having: A third terminal is connected to the front electrode, a sixth terminal is connected to the rear electrode, and The fourth terminal is connected to the first stage of the multistage voltage multiplier-rectifier circuit, and the fifth terminal is connected to the circuit. And a seventh terminal connected to the last stage of the circuit through a capacitor. And the output of the circuit is a bias voltage connected to the center electrode. Item 2. The assembly according to Item 1. 36. An overvoltage overvoltage connected across the first and second terminals of the audio transformer; 36. The assembly of claim 35, further comprising a pass suppressor. 37. The method of claim 36, wherein the transient suppressor includes a bidirectional Zener diode. Assembly. 38. The transducer driving unit is a second transducer driving unit And the second transducer drive unit comprises: A primary winding including a first terminal and a second terminal connected across an input audio signal; , A fourth terminal and a fifth terminal for generating an output audio signal, and a bias voltage. And a secondary winding including a third terminal and a sixth terminal for generating an audio transformer. Have The third terminal and the sixth terminal are connected to a voltage increasing circuit, and the voltage increasing circuit Generates a DC bias connected to the front and rear electrodes through a first contact; as well as The fifth terminal and the sixth terminal are connected across the second contact, and the audio is connected at the second contact. The assembly according to claim 1, wherein an input signal is provided to the center electrode. 39. 39. The voltage boost circuit according to claim 38, comprising a multi-stage voltage multiplier-rectifier circuit. Assembly.