JP2002507690A - Variable displacement diesel engine - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] In the present invention, in the case of a light load, the fuel injectors (1I, 2I, 3I) are shut off, and the intake valves (1Vi, 2Vi, 3Vi) of the selected cylinders (1I, 2I, 3I) are connected. By stopping the operation of the exhaust valves (1Ve, 2Ve, 3Ve), the number of cylinders (1, 2, 3) in which the diesel engine (10) operates can be reduced. When restarting a cylinder that has not been operated, the cylinder is heated by a glow plug (1GP, 2GP, 3GP) in advance to raise the temperature to the minimum combustion temperature, and then restarted. The computer (7) controls the number of cylinders (1,2,3) operating according to the load and the switching between the cylinders so that the wear is uniform and as a result maintenance costs are minimized. suppress.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The invention generally relates to internal combustion engines, in particular heating, air conditioning, industrial machinery, electricity,
Related to industrial diesel engines for ships and automobiles. This application is based on U.S. Pat. S. N. 08 / 706.998.

[0002] Diesel engines were invented and completed by Rudolf Diesel in the 1890s, but are now used in a very wide range of areas, including ships, trucks, heating, air conditioners, and automobiles. The size of the engine also varies depending on the load. In 1981, the Cadillac division of General Motors introduced variable displacement gasoline engines for cars. The 6000 cc engine can be switched from eight cylinders to four or six cylinders by a computer according to the applied load. With the engine running on four or six cylinders,
No fuel is sent to the remaining cylinders. Therefore, while the engine is operating with four or six cylinders, fuel is saved as compared with fuel consumption in the case of eight cylinders. The benefits of a powerful engine with a cylinder and a displacement of 6000cc are fully demonstrated. Seven-seater full-size rear drive Large limousine, but also smaller front
The four-cylinder / 6-cylinder / 8-cylinder engine modes are also available on the drive model. However, this concept has not been popular since 1981, and the concept is technically unhealthy and / or underdeveloped and commercially premature to market to the automobile market. An alleged class action petition has been filed. However, the inventor successfully completed the 4/6/8 cylinder switching engine in 1981. Many diesel engines must accommodate varying loads.
For example, diesel locomotives and diesel trucks are more heavily loaded when going up the Rocky Mountains than when they go down the mountains or when traveling in the Great Plains where the Midwestern countryside spreads. In the case of marine diesel engines, much less power is required when going down the river than when going up the river. It is empirically known that an industrial diesel engine that powers an air conditioner or a heating system has a light load in the evening and on weekends and only needs a part of the entire output. Diesel engine specialists will know many other examples of large fluctuations in the load on diesel engines. According to Motor Trend Magazine, May 1993, Issue No. 45, n5, p. 78, Honda's 1993 VTEC engine uses a variable displacement system. In this engine, a hydraulic system is used to control the valves of the variable displacement system.

[0003] One of the objects of the present invention is to reduce the operating cost of a diesel engine when the load is light to moderate. Another object of the present invention is to reduce maintenance costs by changing the cylinder used when light to moderate loads are applied. On the other hand, another object of the present invention is to provide a large power even when a large load is unexpectedly applied. Still other objects will be apparent from the following summary of the invention, the detailed description, the preferred embodiments, the drawings and the claims.

The present invention utilizes the concept of changing the displacement of an automotive gasoline engine in 1981 to reduce the cost of diesel engine fuel when light to moderate loads are applied. . In many automobiles, locomotives, ships, and industrial diesel engines, keeping all cylinders of the diesel engine running at light to moderate loads causes unnecessary wear on the engine parts and wasteful fuel. Costly to consume. In the case of the present invention, when light to moderate load is applied, the number of cylinders that actually operate among the cylinders of the diesel engine is reduced, and when light to moderate load, the number of selected cylinders is reduced. Does not supply fuel. On the other hand, when a large load is applied, the number of cylinders to be operated is increased or all cylinders are operated to supply fuel and burn. In another embodiment of the present invention, if the temperature of the inactive cylinder drops below the minimum allowable temperature, each of the previously inactive cylinders may be reactivated before resuming fuel to the inactive cylinder. The glow plug was activated, the cylinder was heated, and fuel supply was resumed. In yet another embodiment of the invention, some cylinders may be selectively stopped at light loads, controlled by a computer under heavy loads, and fueled to previously inactive cylinders. Before the supply is resumed, each glow plug is ignited so that the cylinders that have not been operated before are sufficiently heated to burn. In yet another embodiment, for light to moderate loads, the computer selects the cylinder to operate, replaces and switches the cylinder to operate.
As a result, wear of the cylinders, pistons, plugs, valves and other parts is made uniform, thereby reducing cylinder repairs and maintenance costs. In another embodiment of the present invention, the computer controls the selection of cylinders to be activated in light to medium cases, preventing over-cooling of non-activated cylinders. Thus, stress is not applied between the cylinders due to contraction and / or expansion between the cylinders, pistons, plugs, and engine parts. In other embodiments of the present invention, the non-fueled cylinders cannot be changed, but the temperature of one or more inactive cylinders or other parts of the engine will be significantly reduced, and the contraction and / or expansion of engine parts will occur. If a large stress is generated between cylinders or other engine parts, the computer re-activates some of the remaining cylinders and possibly all of them.

Detailed Description of the Embodiments Embodiments of the present invention provide a means for stopping one or more cylinders of a motor vehicle diesel engine at light and / or moderate loads, as well as under heavy loads. A means is provided to re-activate some or all cylinders that have been stopped. In the present invention, for example, an automotive diesel engine-but not limited to the same type of diesel engine, but also a General Motors 5700ccV
6 Not limited to diesel engines-the number of working cylinders is reduced by limiting the number of cylinders supplying diesel fuel for light and / or medium loads, and for heavy loads To increase the number of cylinders that supply fuel for combustion, or to supply fuel to all cylinders for operation. In another embodiment of the present invention, the temperature of the inactive cylinder is measured by a temperature sensor before resuming fuel supply to the inactive cylinder, and the result is below the lower limit of the minimum operating temperature. In some cases, the computer activated each glow plug in the previously inactive cylinder, heating the cylinder and then supplying fuel. For example, when traveling on a relatively flat highway or on a downhill, the load on the engine is small. In such a case, two to four cylinders are operated. Preferably, four cylinders are used. For moderate loads, such as a light uphill slope, the computer stops four cylinders and activates the other two cylinders when the uphill begins. The selection of cylinders to stop at light loads and the cylinders to restart at medium and / or heavy loads is under computer control. This computer control includes reactivating each glow plug before supplying fuel to the previously inactive cylinders to ensure that the previously inactive cylinders have warmed up sufficiently to ensure combustion. Process is also included. In another embodiment of the present invention, a means is provided for closing the inlet valve and / or the exhaust valve of each cylinder that is not operating while the cylinder is not operating. In another embodiment of the present invention, the computer controls the selection of cylinders to operate at light and moderate loads and the replacement and / or switching of cylinders to operate. The wear of cylinders, pistons, plugs, valves and other parts has been made uniform throughout, and cylinder repair and maintenance costs have been reduced. In another embodiment of the invention, the computer controls the selection of cylinders to operate at light and moderate loads, in which case the temperature of the non-operating cylinders drops too much, and Stresses due to contraction and / or expansion of the cylinder, piston, plug or other parts of the engine are prevented. In another embodiment of the present invention, in a case where a specific cylinder that does not supply fuel cannot be changed, the temperature of one or more cylinders or other engine parts becomes too low, and the contraction and expansion of the engine parts causes a difference between other engine parts. When a large stress occurs, the computer will restart some or all other cylinders. Certain embodiments of the present invention, namely General Motors' 5700 cc diesel engine, are provided with means to deactivate two to four cylinder cylinders during light to moderate loads. . As an example, means for stopping the operation of the cylinder is a Cadillac 6000cc4-
Displacement adjustment system used in 6-8 gasoline engine

[Modulat
In general, the ed Displacement system is modified as necessary or incorporates necessary parts, and an engine, a computer controlled by a General Motors 5700 cc diesel engine, and the like are generally used. Information on the above two engines, the engine employing the displacement control system and the computer controlled engine, is available to anyone, and the 1981 edition of the Cadillac Service Information Manual-this manual contains electrical and mechanical related information. Wiring diagrams are also included-General Motors,
Headquarters; Cadillac Motor Division, Detroit M
ichigan 48232 and is available from many public libraries and publishers Haynes Publishing Co. But you can get it. This case is embodied in the application example referred to here. The two engines are similar in block, bore, and stroke size, and the displacement is slightly less for a diesel engine. However, due to the similar size of the engines, the principle and computer control of adjusting the displacement used in General Motors' 6000cc V8 gasoline engine is basically changed with relatively few changes. The operation of 4-cylinder and / or 2-cylinder cylinders can be stopped using Motors' 5700cc diesel engine. In a preferred embodiment, a temperature sensor is mounted on at least the cylinder that is deactivated. If possible, temperature sensors are installed on all cylinders to monitor the temperature of cylinders that stop operating, and even monitor the temperature of cylinders that continue to operate. In some embodiments, when the load situation changes or when acceleration is required, such as when approaching an uphill, it is determined that the temperature of the deactivated cylinder has fallen below the temperature required for spontaneous ignition. When the computer detects it, it ignites the glow plug on the deactivated cylinder and other deactivated cylinders to allow spontaneous ignition. After increasing to the appropriate operating temperature, the glow plug is switched off if the load does not change and the temperature is reduced again to the operating range or the cylinder is reactivated when the load increases. In another embodiment of the invention, the computer restarts the inactive cylinder after the glow plug has been switched off or the deactivated cylinder has been disconnected, even if the load does not increase. And the cylinder temperature is again at the desired operating temperature. In another embodiment, each cylinder is not equipped with a temperature sensor, and the computer senses when the coolant temperature drops to a predetermined temperature, and the glow of the deactivated cylinder, even if the load does not increase. Operate the plugs optimally. In the latter embodiment, the cost is low because an extra temperature sensor is not required, but the temperature of the cylinder cannot be accurately controlled, and therefore, the optimum condition for spontaneously igniting the cylinder whose operation has been stopped cannot be created. As described in pages 6A-37A of the 1981 Cadillac Service Information Manual, the MD system

The displacement control system detects changes in engine conditions, cylinder temperature, throttle position, and absolute value of the pressure in the intake manifold every minute. In any one or more of the above embodiments, the MD system may be modified to allow other variables in the engine control system to be sensed and processed by the computer, as well as individual cylinder temperatures, specific It is also possible to detect whether the glow plug of the cylinder is operating or not. The information obtained from the sensors is converted to a suitable electronic processing unit (ECP), which incorporates one or more computer programs that take in and process the data obtained from the sensors.
Sent to The ECP processes the data and determines the number of cylinders to operate according to the current load situation. In one embodiment, after starting with eight cylinders and operating with eight cylinders for heavy loads,
Using a four-valve selector, two or four cylinders whose operation is to be stopped are determined so that the engine can be operated with six to eight cylinders. In another embodiment, a four-valve selector is used to determine four cylinders to deactivate, operating with four cylinders for light to moderate loads, and eight cylinders for starting or heavy loads. drive. In the case of this embodiment, when operating with eight cylinders,
Although the operation is slightly increased and the fuel consumption is slightly increased, the load on the engine is relatively balanced when operating with four or eight cylinders, and the engine vibration is slightly increased when operating with six cylinders. Less than in the case of 4-6-8 cylinders. In one embodiment, each of 1, 4, 6, and 7 cylinders is equipped with a valve selector. In the case of the four-cylinder mode, the cylinders 1, 4, 6, and 7 are stopped. In the case of the six-cylinder mode, only the cylinders 1 and 4 are stopped. In another embodiment of the present invention, the cylinder system of the 5700 cc diesel engine shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is controlled using a valve system used in General Motors' 4-6-8 cylinder switched gasoline engine. ing. FIG. 1 shows a 5700 cc diesel engine 10 including a lower block 12 with a cylinder 14 therein for receiving a piston (not shown). The block 12 receives the head 16 and the gasket 17. The inlet valve 18 and the exhaust valve 19 are controlled by a rocker arm assembly 20 including a push rod 22, a rocker arm pivot 26, a bolt 27, a pedestal 28, and a spring 29. The temperature sensor is indicated at 15. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a cam lobe 46 that moves the push rod 20 that opens and closes the valve 18 by creating a pivot movement of the camshaft 42, the cam 44, and the rocker arm 24. In particular, as shown in FIG. 3, the valve selector assembly 30 includes an intake / exhaust rocker arm 2 above the fulcrum 26 of the rocker arm.
4 attached. The valve selector assembly 30 includes a solenoid valve 34 for moving a piston 36 connected to a blocking plate 38.
It is included. During the conventional movement shown in FIG. 3A, the rocker arm 24 performs a pivoting movement near the center fulcrum 26 of the rocker arm 24. In FIG. 4, the cam 4 in operation is shown.
When 2 reaches the highest point 46, the valve 18 opens and fuel and gas mixture can enter the cylinder 14. As shown in FIG. 3B, when the solenoid valve 34 operates, the piston 36 moves from the left position shown in FIG. 3A to the right position shown in FIG. 3B.
In that case, the blocking plate 38 has moved from the position of FIG. 2A to the position shown in FIG. 2B. In this position, the pivot point is 32 in FIG. 2B.
It has moved to the position indicated by. In this case, when the cam reaches its highest point again, the valve will not open because the rocker arm is pivoting about pivot point 32 rather than center point 26. As a result, the rocker arm can slide up and down on the mounting rod 40. The valve selector is not limited to the V8 engine, but can be generally used including a V6 diesel engine. Further, the diesel engine camshaft is mounted above the valve and is described in detail in U.S. Patents 4,546,734 and 4,615,307, which are embodied in this application. Such a valve selector operation may be used. In addition, the diesel engine can be used for long-distance heavy truck engines, locomotive engines, ships and / or barges.

It can be used as a marine diesel engine for [flat-bottom barges, pleasure boats], an industrial diesel engine used in power plants, etc., and a diesel engine for heating and air-conditioning of office buildings and factories. Absent. In many cases, the computer is programmed so that the valve selector does not operate until the transmission reaches high gear or overdrive gear. When a heavy load is applied, it is necessary to operate all cylinders even in the low gear. The number of cylinders to deactivate depends on the type of engine. As an example, a long-haul heavy truck in-line six-cylinder engine can stop three cylinders, preferably two if light load is desired. For V8, V12 and V16 engines, it is programmed to stop more cylinders at light to moderate loads. A computer that works properly
You need programs and the right controls. Special valve selector alignment also varies depending on the application. For a properly sized V engine, use a selector of the type used by General Motors in a 4-6-8 switched cylinder gasoline engine. For other applications, the dimensions and load-carrying components of the selector assembly will also be modified to suit the application. In addition, specially designed valve selectors vary according to the size of the engine, the load involved, and the expected service life before overhaul. As an example, Cummins M1 (see attached brochure, where
The embodiment referred to herein is a computer-controlled six-cylinder engine with a valve selector that can be easily installed. The computer program has also been modified to operate the valve selector, which significantly reduces fuel consumption, reduces wear and extends the life span of the overhaul. FIG. 5 shows a computer-controlled in-line six-cylinder M11 Cummins diesel engine 50 with a cylinder block 52 containing a cylinder 54 and a cylinder liner 56 in the cylinder 54, received by the cylinder liner. Also shown is a piston 58 with a ring 60 attached thereto, with a ring insert 62 attached thereto. The piston 58 is connected to a connecting rod 58, which is further connected to an induction hardened crankshaft 66. Gear train 68 moves camshaft 72 with lobe 72. The lobe is a push rod 7
The push rod is pivotally connected to the rocker arm 76 to move the valve stem 78 to open and close the valve 80. Solenoid valve 84, piston 8 sized appropriately for M11 engine
6. Attach two or more valve selectors 82, similar in construction to the valve selector 30 with the blocking plate 88, and the transmission controlled by the SELECT Plus computer 90 enters the high and / or overdrive gear. If the load is light to moderate, stop the operation of two or three cylinders. In this case, the SELECT Pl
The us computer program 92 has been modified to control the activation and deactivation of the selected cylinder 54 and also the deactivation of the glow plug-
An operation start program 94 is incorporated. Alternatively, Honda's P2 or U.S. Pat. No. 4,546,7
34 and / or 4,615,307 may be used while controlled by computer 90, and may also use a shutdown-start program 94. FIG. 6 shows sensors 1s, 2s, 3s, glow plugs 1GP, 2GP, 3GP,
Injectors 1I, 2I, 3I, intake valves 1Vi, 2Vi, 3Vi,
Exhaust valves 1Ve, 2Ve, 3Ve, valve actuator / deactuator for all valves

[Stop device] FIG. 3 is a view showing cylinders 1, 2, and 3 controlled by a computer 7 in an N-cylinder diesel engine having 1 Va, 2 Va, and 3 Va. Computer 7 has sensors 1s and 2s
When the temperature of the cylinder is received from 3s, the load L is received from the load sensor Ls, and the data is received from the other sensors Sx and Sy, and the glow plugs of various cylinders must be activated before the cylinder is activated, Calculate which cylinders to stop and which cylinders to activate, send electrical signals to valve actuators / deactuators 1Va, 2Va, 3Va, glow plugs 1GP, 2GP, 3GP and fuel injectors 1I, 2I, 3I and load Activate / deactivate various cylinders depending on the temperature of each cylinder and other variables generally controlled by a computer. As an example of a computer, “DIESEL FUEL INJECTIO”
NS ", Bosh, 1994 ERFFTJ797 D55, PP186-19.
And an electronic diesel control (EDC) processing unit as described in No. 1. The control status of various cylinders is monitored and controlled by the method shown in FIGS. FIGS. 7 and 8 summarize a computer glow plug and a cylinder operation sequence used when the computer controls the operation and stop of the cylinder and the glow plug during operation. A sample computer program is shown in the addendum with pseudocode. The program 500 includes a step 502 of switching on an engine started by an ignition key and a step of operating the program 600 of FIG. The latter program activates the glow plugs for all cylinders and heats all cylinders before ignition. At step 504, if the temperature of each cylinder has reached the minimum operating temperature, then at step 506 the starter motor of the engine is switched on. In step 508, the program obtains the temperatures and loads for all cylinders. In some embodiments, when a selected transmission gear is reached-in an automotive embodiment, after the engine has reached high gear-in some embodiments, it is activated. In step 510, if any of the cylinders is below the minimum operating temperature, the program 600 of FIG. 8 activates a cylinder flag for starting the glow plug. In step 512, the program determines whether the load 1 is smaller than the selected load L1. If the load is less than L1, at step 514 the program calls program 600 to activate the glow plug and heat all cylinders. In step 516, the operation of the cylinder is stopped, and the cylinder is stopped until the load exceeds L1. If the answer to load determination step 512 is NO, the program determines whether the load is smaller than the higher load L2. If the answer is YES in step 520, unnecessary cylinder operation is stopped at a medium load. After stopping the cylinder in step 520, the program 600 is called in step 522 to heat all the cooled cylinders. Step 505-
If the answer to the question at 518 is NO, then at steps 505-524, the "start cylinder" program 600 is used to determine if six cylinders are operating. In steps 505-526, the program asks whether the load is greater than load L3. If the answer is YES, activate another cylinder with 600 programs. If the load is smaller than the load L1 at step 512, only four cylinders are operated. If the load is larger than L1, the program proceeds to steps 505 to 514.
Call the "Start Cylinder" program 600 to see if all cylinders are above the minimum operating temperature. If not, heat all cylinders according to program 600. The same applies to the case where the load is smaller than L2.
However, since the time has elapsed, it is necessary to check in step 520 whether the cylinder whose operation has been stopped does not fall below the minimum operating temperature, so that thermal stress is not generated in the engine. In a first step 502 of the program 600, the program instructs a specific cylinder temperature to be detected in step 604. In step 606, if the temperature of the selected specific cylinder is lower than the predetermined temperature T1,
At 8 the glow plug for the cylinder is activated. If the answer to the question in step 606 is YES, the cylinder is activated in step 610. In step 612, if the temperature of the cylinder is initially lower than T1, and if the glow plug is activated in step 608, at least
It is necessary to operate the cylinder for 0 minutes to heat it so that no thermal stress is generated in the engine. After performing these steps, the program for a particular cylinder is stopped at step 614. The same steps are performed for the other cylinders until all the cylinders are processed. Thus, it can be seen that the program 600 operates each cylinder in the engine continuously. FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an embodiment 120 for an automobile. In this embodiment, the motor vehicle 122 is powered by the variable displacement diesel engine 124 of the present invention and connects to the engine's cylinder 127 and a computer 128 that controls the activation, start and stop of the cylinder in accordance with the present invention. An electric cord 126 is provided. FIGS. 10 and 10A are views showing a building 100 having a floor 102 used for office work such as manufacturing and office management. The cooling and heating of this building 100 with floors 102 is carried out year round, with a structure according to the principles of the invention, and a variable displacement diesel engine 10 operated according to the principles of the invention.
4 uses a shaft 108 to drive a load consisting of a heating and air conditioning unit. In the evening, on weekends, on holidays, etc., the load on the unit 106 is greatly reduced. Therefore, the cylinder in the diesel engine 104 of the present invention is a computer 1
09 can stop the operation. FIG. 10B is an embodiment of a long-distance heavy truck. In this embodiment, the long haul truck 130 towing the trailer 132 is powered by the variable displacement diesel engine 134 of the present invention and the engine cylinder 137.
And an electrical cord 136 connected to a computer 138 for controlling the activation, start and stop of the cylinder in accordance with the present invention. FIG. 11 shows an example of a locomotive. In this embodiment, the train 140 includes a locomotive 142a and coaches 142b, 143c, 142n, is powered by the variable displacement diesel engine 144 of the present invention, and has an engine cylinder 147.
And an electrical cord 146 connected to a computer 148 that controls the activation, start and stop of the cylinder in accordance with the present invention. FIG. 12 shows an embodiment of a ship. In this embodiment, the boat 150 with the cargo deck 152 is powered by the variable displacement diesel engine 154 of the present invention, and has a cylinder 157 of the engine, and activation, starting, An electrical cord 146 is provided that connects to a computer 158 that controls the shutdown.

[0006]

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a V-type diesel engine of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a valve assembly used in the present invention.

FIG. 3A shows the valve selector when the cylinder is in the active position.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the assembly.

FIG. 3B is a perspective view of the valve selector assembly when the cylinder is in an inactive blocking position.

FIG. 4 is a side view of a camshaft, a cam rod, a rocker arm, and a valve used in the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of an in-line diesel engine used in the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a computer controlled variable displacement diesel engine with cylinders, glow plugs, and computer controlled cylinder temperature sensors for each cylinder.

FIG. 7 is a computer-controlled flowchart used in the present invention, including a computer-controlled glow plug and a cylinder activated / deactivated sequence of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a flow chart of a computer controlled glow plug and cylinder actuation sequence for an individual cylinder.

FIG. 9 is a diagram of an automobile powered by the variable displacement diesel engine of the present invention.

FIG. 10A is a front view of an office building in which cooling and heating is performed by the variable displacement diesel engine of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a view taken in the direction of the arrow along the line 10-10 in FIG. 10A.

FIG. 10B is a diagram of a long-distance heavy truck powered by the variable displacement diesel engine of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a diagram of a railway diesel locomotive powered by the variable displacement diesel engine of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a view of a tug boat powered by the variable displacement diesel engine of the present invention.

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Claims (29)

[Claims] 1. A diesel engine comprising an engine block having a plurality of cylinders, a piston moving within the cylinder; the piston in connection with a crankshaft; a combustion chamber at least partially in the engine. Means for supplying diesel fuel to the combustion chamber; a glow plug for heating the combustion chamber to a minimum operating temperature; sending combustion air and fuel to the combustion chamber; Means for transmitting variable loads to the crankshaft; improvements as follows; means for reducing the number of cylinders operating at light loads. This includes a means to shut off the fuel supply to the selected cylinder at light loads. 2. A variable displacement engine according to claim 1, wherein the selection, switching and switching of the cylinders to be operated at light and moderate loads are controlled by a computer. 3. The variable displacement engine according to claim 2, further comprising a temperature sensor connected to the computer, wherein the computer controls the selection of the cylinder and selects the cylinder to be operated at a light load. In that case, the computer prevents the temperature of the cylinders that are not operating from dropping too much, so that there is no significant stress between the cylinders. 4. The variable displacement engine of claim 2, further comprising temperature sensing means connected to said computer, wherein the temperature of one or more inactive cylinders or the temperature of other parts of the engine is significantly reduced. If a large stress occurs between cylinders or engine parts due to contraction or expansion of engine parts,
The computer is designed to restart another cylinder. 5. The variable displacement diesel engine according to claim 1, wherein the diesel engine is a V-type diesel engine. 6. The variable displacement diesel engine according to claim 1, wherein the diesel engine is an in-line diesel engine. 7. The variable displacement diesel engine according to claim 1, wherein the diesel engine is an automotive diesel engine. 8. The variable displacement diesel engine of claim 7, wherein the diesel engine is similar to, but not limited to, a General Motors 5700 cc V8 diesel engine. 9. The variable displacement diesel engine according to claim 1, wherein a temperature detecting means is attached to the engine. In this case, the detected temperature is read by the computer which controls the operation and stop of the cylinder. 10. The variable displacement diesel engine according to claim 9, wherein said temperature detecting means is attached to a coolant discharge pipe of a last cylinder of the cooled engine. 11. The variable displacement diesel engine of claim 9, wherein said diesel engine powers an engine of a long-distance heavy truck. 12. The variable displacement diesel engine according to claim 9, wherein said temperature detecting means is attached to a coolant intake pipe of a first cylinder of the engine in which coolant is cooled. 13. The variable displacement diesel engine according to claim 9, wherein said diesel engine is power for a railway locomotive engine. 14. The variable displacement diesel engine of claim 9, wherein said temperature sensing means is mounted on a cylinder wall of each cylinder in the engine. 15. The variable displacement diesel engine according to claim 9, wherein said diesel engine powers a marine diesel engine. 16. The variable displacement diesel engine of claim 9 wherein said temperature sensing means is mounted adjacent to said combustion chamber in each cylinder in the engine. 17. The variable displacement diesel engine according to claim 9, wherein said diesel engine is a power source for an industrial factory diesel engine. 18. The variable displacement diesel engine according to claim 17, wherein said diesel engine powers a heating and air conditioning device. 19. A method of operating a variable displacement diesel engine, comprising: a diesel engine having a plurality of cylinders and a piston moving within the cylinder; the piston coupled to a crankshaft; The cylinder defining a combustion chamber in the engine; supplying diesel fuel to the combustion chamber; activating a glow plug to heat the combustion chamber to a minimum operating temperature; Operating a valve to send fuel to the combustion chamber and discharge combustion gases from the combustion product; transmitting fluctuating loads to the crankshaft; improvements as follows; for light loads, with computer control Reducing the number of working cylinders. This includes shutting off fuel to the selected cylinders at light loads; if the load increases,
To increase the number of working cylinders controlled by computer.
This includes supplying fuel to the activated cylinders for combustion; if the temperature of the non-activated cylinders is below the minimum operating temperature, the computer will control the previously inactive cylinders Activate each glow plug of the cylinder, heat the cylinder whose operation has been stopped, and supply fuel again to the cylinder whose operation has been stopped. 20. The method according to claim 19, wherein the variable displacement diesel engine is operated such that at light and / or moderate loads, the selected cylinder is stopped and at heavy loads, the computer is restarted. And controlling the computer to activate each glow plug before refueling a previously inactive cylinder. 21. The method of claim 20 for operating a variable displacement engine, the method including controlling the selection, switching, and switching of cylinders to be operated for light to moderate loads. 22. The method of claim 21 for operating a variable displacement engine, comprising sensing cylinder temperature and, in the case of light load, controlling the selection of the cylinder to be operated by a computer. In this case, the temperature of the cylinder which has not been operated before is prevented from dropping too much, so that excessive stress is not generated between the cylinders. 23. The method of claim 21 for operating a variable displacement engine, wherein sensing the temperature of the cylinder and other parts of the engine;
The temperature of the inactive cylinder of the book, or the temperature of other parts of the engine, is too low, causing excessive stress between cylinders and other parts of the engine due to contraction and / or expansion between other parts of the engine. If it does, it involves restarting another cylinder. 24. The method of claim 20, wherein the engine is an automobile engine. 25. The method of claim 20, wherein the engine is a long haul heavy truck engine. 26. The method of claim 20, wherein the engine is a railway locomotive engine. 27. The method of claim 20, wherein the engine is a marine engine. 28. The method of claim 20, wherein the engine is an industrial plant engine. 29. The method of claim 28, wherein the engine powers a heating and air conditioning system.