JP2002501393A

JP2002501393A - Shoes, their production and use

Info

Publication number: JP2002501393A
Application number: JP50013798A
Authority: JP
Inventors: ヘルムートメイヤー; ガードメイヤー; アチムメイヤー
Original assignee: ヘルムートメイヤー; ガードメイヤー; アチムメイヤー
Priority date: 1996-05-30
Filing date: 1997-05-16
Publication date: 2002-01-15

Abstract

(57)【要約】本発明は、横方向は安定し、縦方向は柔軟な構造の硬くて伸縮性・弾力性のある材料から作られる構造性靴底と、逆に、柔らかく柔軟性のある材料から作られた外底及び／又は緩衝要素とからなる中底を含み、柔らかく柔軟性のあるエッジ領域によって中底は内底の境界を越えて延在し、また、中底とともに靴の内側に隣接する靴の甲材料を含む靴に関する。構造性靴底の縁を超えて延在する中底のエッジ領域は、靴の甲材料に重なり、重なった領域で靴の甲材料にしっかりと接続される。緩衝要素は、構造性靴底の上側及び／又は下側に設けられ、構造性靴底の特に断面において上側及び／又は下側を超える伸縮的にしなやかな個別の突起として突出する。加えて、本発明は、そのような靴の製造のプロセスに関する。 (57) [Summary] The present invention provides a structural shoe sole made of a hard, stretchable and elastic material having a stable structure in the horizontal direction and a flexible structure in the vertical direction, and, on the contrary, a soft and flexible structure. An insole consisting of an outer sole and / or cushioning element made of a material, wherein the insole extends beyond the insole boundary by a soft and flexible edge region, and with the insole, the inside of the shoe And a shoe including a shoe upper material adjacent to the shoe. An insole edge region extending beyond the edge of the structural sole overlaps the shoe upper material and is firmly connected to the shoe upper material in the overlap region. The cushioning element is provided on the upper and / or lower side of the structural sole and protrudes as individual elastically flexible projections that exceed the upper and / or lower side, especially in the cross section of the structural sole. In addition, the invention relates to a process for the production of such shoes.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】靴、その製造方法及び使用本発明は、靴及びその製造方法、並びに本発明が非常に有利に適用できるスポーツシューズとしての好ましい使用に関する。スポーツシューズとして有利であるが、加えて、ストリートシューズ、ワーキングシューズ及びハウスシューズとして使用される場合にも、本発明は極めて顕著な長所がある。本発明は、すべてのタイプの靴に適用可能である。特に、本発明の目的は、一方ではその靴底部分に際立った横方向の安定性と優れた縦方向の柔軟性とを有し、もう一方では安価で合理的かつ比較的簡単な製造方法の可能性を有し、着用者が地面の固い部分によって害を被ることなく、優れた地面との接触を確保することである。本発明によれば、この目的は、（ａ）横方向は安定し、縦方向は柔軟な構造の硬くて弾性を有したバネ様の材料から作られる構造性靴底と、逆に、柔らかく柔軟性のある材料から作られ、構造性靴底の縁を超えて延在し、構造性靴底にしっかりと接続されたエッジ領域とからなる中底と、（ｂ）中底に接続され、また中底ともに靴の内側に隣接する靴の甲材料（上部材料）と、を含む靴であって、構造性靴底の縁を超えて延在する中底のエッジ領域は、靴の上部材料（甲材料）に重なり、重なった領域で靴の甲材料にしっかりと接続され、よって中底と靴の上部材料（甲材料）のセットが自己支持靴構造を形成する靴によって達成される。このようにして、本発明により靴が作られる。その靴底は−外側に比較的薄い表底によって補われてもよいが、必然ではなく−横方向に安定性と縦方向に柔軟性があり、かつ、たとえば鋭利な石に付属するものなど、地面にある硬い点をさえぎる靴底を有する靴の場合、これまで靴製造技術では不可能であった程度にまで薄く製造可能である。このような非常に薄いが、横方向に安定性と縦方向に柔軟性があり、さらに圧力の集中する点を踏面全体に均等に分散する靴底を有する靴によって、これまで達成不可能であった良好かつ直接的な地面接触が得られ、それは、本発明による靴がスポーツシューズとして使用される場合に、特別なスポーツフィールドで最大の性能を提供する。これに関連して、中底と靴の上部材料（甲材料）とによるセットによって、本発明による靴は、構造全体に優れた安定性を有することが特に重要である。横方向に安定性と縦方向に柔軟性を持ち、圧力下においても安定した中底は、靴の甲材料とともに、自己支持構造を形成する。これは、安定性が高いのみならず、同時に、この安定性のため、非常に軽量に製造可能であるため、着用者は、靴の重量及び地面に対して近接であることに関しては、ほとんど「素足での歩行」のように感じる。本発明による靴はスポーツシューズとしての使用に優先的に提供されるが、現代社会の実施傾向に適用して、この時点では、本発明による靴の前述した利点が、種々の目的の他の靴とともにエレガントなストリートシューズも製造可能であるという事実が注目されるはずである。本発明のある実施態様では、中底は、硬くて弾性を有したバネ様の材料とは逆に、柔らかくて柔軟性のある外包材料から作られた表底を有し、構造性靴底は中底として好ましくは慣習的な方法で表底に埋められ、表底は中底の境界を越えて延在し、そこでエッジ領域を形成する。本発明による靴の特に好ましい実施態様では、靴の甲材料と中底とには、その重なり領域で互いに向かい合うように断面においてテーパーがつけられており、これによって、重なり領域が、厚みの増加なしに、又は少なくとも実質的つまり気づかれるほどの厚みがないようにして、それ以外の中底の領域と、靴の甲材料とに通じている。本発明による靴の好ましい実施態様では、厚みに関してのみならず、形状に関しても特に有利な靴の甲材料と中底との移行部分は、靴の甲材料と中底にかかわる材料において重なり部分の断面が弧状にされることによって成し遂げられる。さらに、本発明による靴の場合、靴の甲材料と中底との優れた移行部分は、靴の甲材料と中底とがその重なり部分において接着剤等で互いに接合されることによって成し遂げられる。この結果、このタイプの実施態様が前述の互いに向かい合うように設けられた断面テーパーとともに提供される場合は、中底と靴の甲材料との特に丈夫で安定した接続を保証する比較的大きな接着領域が得られる。さらに、好ましい実施態様では、本発明による靴の中底は、平たい構造である。特に好ましい方法では、構造性靴底の形状での本発明による靴の中底に存在する内底は次の特徴を有する。（ａ）内底は、少なくとも前足部分ほぼ全体に延在するが、好ましくは足裏の面積全体にわたって、もしくは、足の接地領域全体にわたって延在し；（ｂ）内底は、均一な厚さの硬くて弾性のあるシート材料から一体に形成され；（ｃ）内底は、靴底の縦方向に対して直角に輪郭付けられ；（ｄ）横方向断面形状は、少なくとも前足部領域ほぼ全体にわたって、好ましくは足裏の面積ほぼ全体にわたって、もしくは、足の接地領域ほぼ全体にわたって延在し；（ｅ）弾性シート材料は、浅溝付き、段付き、桁付き、深溝付き、ビード状ないし数珠玉状、蛇行形、蛇行状、ジグザグ又は台形状の横方向断面形状を有し、（ｆ）横方向断面形状は、靴底（ソール）の長さよりも実質的に短い周期間隔で周期的に反復する。横方向の補強は、縦方向に柔軟で、側方方向に補強された、つまり横方向に補強された平面状材料で成し遂げられる。特に好ましい方法では、構造性靴底の材料はバネ鋼であり、一方、構造性靴底を任意に覆う外底の材料は、好ましくは、革、ゴム、天然ゴム、プラスチック、コルク組成材、すなわち結合材で結合されたコルク粉、又は、プラスチック及び／又はコルク粉及び／又は繊維材料を含有する複合材からなる。構造性靴底を超えて延在する中底のエッジ領域は、一方でその靴底が靴の上部（甲）材料への良好な接続を可能とし、もう一方で重なり領域ができるだけ狭く保たれるような幅を有することが上記から明らかであるが、なお、たとえば構造性靴底を超えて延在する外底のエッジ領域は、エッジ領域における中底の幅の、５乃至２０％、特に１０乃至１５％、さらに特に１２％の幅を有することが好ましい。最後に、構造性靴底を超えて延在する、たとえば外底の、エッジ領域は、好ましくは中底の縁全周にわたっており、靴の上部（甲）材料にしっかりと固定されることが分かると思われるが、本発明はこれに限られず、特定の状況下や特別な靴への適用によっては、前述の靴の甲材料と中底との間の接続は、中底の一部のエッジ領域のみでも十分である。最後に、弾性のある材料、特に硬く弾性を有したバネ様の材料、のショア硬さは、前足部の全体的踏み出しの安定が得られるように構造性靴底の横方向の剛性が得られる範囲内にあり、及び／又は、靴の上部（甲）材料のショア硬さは、前記硬さ（ｓｉｃ）が実質的に構造性靴底の材料よりも硬くないような範囲内にある。本発明による靴の製造プロセスは、（ａ）横方向は安定し、縦方向は柔軟な構造の硬く弾性を有したバネ様の材料から作られる構造性靴底と、逆に、柔らかく柔軟性のある材料から作られ、構造性靴底の縁を超えて延在し、構造性靴底にしっかりと接続されたエッジ領域とからなる中底を製造し、（ｂ）好ましくは中底ともに靴の内側に広がるようにされた靴の甲（上部）材料を製造し、（ｃ）中底と靴の甲材料を靴型に並べ、（ｄ）構造性靴底を超えて延在するエッジ領域に重なるように靴の甲（上部）材料を靴型に合わせ、（ｅ）靴の甲（上部）材料と中底を重なり領域で互いにしっかりと接続することを含む。ある実施態様では、中底の製造は、逆に柔らかく柔軟性のある材料から作られる構造性靴底上に外底を提供し、構造性靴底は、好ましくは慣習的方法で、外底に埋め込まれ、構造性靴底の境界を越えて延在させることを含む。本発明によるプロセスは、靴の甲材料と中底とには、その重なり領域で互いに向かい合うように断面においてテーパーがつけられており、中底は好ましくは靴の甲材料にしっかりと接続される前に、その縁にテーパーがつけられ、一方、靴の甲材料は好ましくは中底にしっかりと接合された後にのみテーパーがつけられる。さらに、接着結合によって重なり領域において靴の甲材料を中底にしっかりと接合するのが好ましい。本発明による靴の製造過程で用いられる靴型（足型）については、中敷きつまり足受けとともに履くことができるように、その厚みが中足の特定サイズと中敷きつまり足受けの厚みとを足した厚みに相当するような寸法である。さらに、平たい中底とともに、平たい下面を有する靴型を使用することが好ましい。最後に、必須ではないが、多くの場合、たとえば接着によって中底の外側に貼り付けられる特別な用途の靴に適用される表底についてであるが、表底は中底、つまり表底の裏、と一体にとされることも可能である。この中底の高い安定性、及び、本発明による靴に得られた中底の、及び、中底と靴の甲材料とからなる自己支持構造の既に述べた他の特徴の結果として、表底は対応する従来の靴の表底よりも著しく薄くできる。既に上で述べたように、本発明の靴は、通常のストリートシューズやワーキングシューズとしても、特に有利な方法ではスポーツシューズとしても、顕著な長所を伴って使用できる。スポーツシューズとしては、詳しくは、特に、ただし排他的ではなく、ゴルフシューズ、テニスシューズ、ジョギングシューズ、インドアスポーツシューズ、アスレチックシューズ、アウトドアスポーツシューズ、ハイジャンプシューズ、ダンスシューズ、又は登山用シューズが挙げられる。他の特徴によって、意図された使用を売りこむ効果及び健康を守り、性能を高める効果両方を有する。前記効果は、上記の特徴と、また負荷状態での非常に高い安定性と、中底の高弾性復元力等によるものである。よって、一例を挙げると、本発明によって構成されたゴルフシューズの場合、とりわけ、地面に対して近接であること、及び、本発明による靴の他の特徴によって改善された負荷状態での安定性、高い回転運動性及び優れたねじれ能力により、打撃性能が目立って改善される。ハイジャンプの場合、試験が示すように、より高い高さの達成が可能になる。登山用シューズの場合、地面の状況、たとえば小石など、によって特に重要となる圧力の移動が実質的に軽減され、よって同時に、非常に平坦な靴底、よって近接した地面との接触が得られるため、足の怪我、たとえば捻りなどの危険性が、かなり減少する。この怪我の危険性の大きな減少及び本発明による靴の高い安定性及び軽さとともに地面との近接触の改善は、ついでながら、すべてのタイプのスポーツにおいて、またすべてのストリートシューズにおいて本発明の極めて重要な利点である。地面との近接によって、本発明は、より良い踏み出しの安定を成し遂げる。地面に対する靴における足の下部配置と比較（ｓｉｃ）できる。加えて、本発明は、中底及び、特に、しかし排他的ではなく、本発明による靴におけるその使用、及び、本発明による靴が非常に有利に適用できるスポーツシューズにおいて、その製造のプロセスに関する。スポーツシューズに有利に適用されるが、ストリートシューズ、ワーキングシューズ及びハウスシューズなどの他の靴にもかなりの利点とともに適用できる。本発明による中底は、すべてのタイプの靴に適用可能である。この根底にある目的は、特に、非常に優れた横方向の安定性と縦方向の柔軟性を伴って、できるだけ薄く、したがって足と地面との接触をできるだけ近くして、一方で足に向かう方向に際立った緩衝性及び足受け性と、もう一方で地面に向かう方向に優れた緩衝性及び接触の増進とを保証する中底を製造可能にすることである。本発明によれば、この目的は、（ａ）横方向は安定し、縦方向は柔軟な構造の硬く弾性を有したバネ様の材料から作られる構造性靴底と、（ｂ）逆に、柔らかく弾性を有したバネ様の材料から作られた緩衝要素であって、硬く弾性を有したバネ様の材料の上側及び／又は下側に設けられ、硬い弾性材料に対して、柔らかく弾性的に曲がる突起構造として、又は、硬い弾性材料に対して、柔らかく弾性的に曲がる個別の突起として、中底の上側及び／又は下側上に、構造性靴底の上側及び／又は下側を超えて突出する緩衝要素と、を含む中底によって成し遂げられる。このようにして、本発明により中底が使用可能となる。その構造性靴底は、横方向は安定し、縦方向は柔軟な構造の硬く伸縮性・弾力性のある弾性を有したバネ様の材料から作られ、足に向かう方向に緩衝と足受け効果を有する上方緩衝要素及び／又は地面に向かう方向に緩衝と接触促進効果を有する下方緩衝要素を受け保持するための基礎部として機能する。本発明によるこの構造は、足の裏と地面との間隔が最小、すなわち、足が地面に最も近くなるようにしつつ、（ａ）足と地面との間で起きた力、衝撃及び振動に対する高い緩衝性と、（ｂ）最適な足受け性を伴って、（ｃ）足と地面との最適な適応及び接触促進と、が得られ、すなわち、これまで靴の技術では不可能であった可能な限り小さく直接的な接触に必要な条件を同時に満たすことができる。これは、たとえばドイツ特許出願１９６２１７３７．７で記述されたような自己支持靴構造を形成する中底と靴の甲材料とからなる構造部が生じるようにして、本発明による中底が靴の甲材料に接続される場合に特に、すなわち、横方向は安定し、縦方向は柔軟な構造の硬く伸縮性・弾力性のある材料から作られる構造性靴底が、この場合、緩衝要素の材料と同じ、逆に、柔らかく柔軟性のある材料、又はこの材料と同様の材料から作られるエッジ領域を備え、これによって、構造性靴底を超えて延在する前記エッジ領域は仕上がった靴における靴の甲材料と重なり、その重なり領域において靴の甲材料にしっかりと接続され、よって中底と靴の甲材料とのセットが自己支持靴構造を形成する場合に、適用される。本発明による中底の好ましい実施態様は、構造性靴底に一体の、特に、構造部を形成するように構造性靴底にしっかりと接続され、好ましくは構造性靴底の幅全体にわたってそれぞれ設けられた緩衝要素が個別の、塊状の緩衝体及び／又は突起の形態を取ることで識別される。個別の、塊状の緩衝体の寸法は、中底の幅と比較して小さく、構造性靴底が周期的に反復する横方向断面形状を有する場合、横方向断面形状の凹みに配され、横方向断面形状の突出部又は最小断面を超えて突出するような大きさであることが好ましい。個別の、塊状の緩衝体の形状については、これらは、たとえば、球体、立方体、略立方体などの六面体、角柱体、ひし形体、円錐体等の錐体など、規則正しく形成された体が好ましい。本発明の他の好ましい実施態様によれば、個別の、塊状の緩衝体は、好ましくは、特定の中底の幅にわたって延在する輪郭付けられた、及び／又は突出部及び凹部が設けられたロッドタイプの緩衝体である。加えて、同じ中底に設けられた緩衝体は異なるショア硬さの値を有してもよい。本発明による中底に設けられた構造性靴底は、好ましくは、その上側及び／又は下側上の凹部と突出部とからなるように、好ましくは、規則正しく、特に好ましくは横方向断面形状に並べられて、形成される。加えて、構造性靴底は、足の領域全体に延在する必要はなく、好ましくは、少なくとも前足部領域全体にわたって延在する。そのような構造性靴底においては、個別の、塊状の緩衝体は、構造性靴底の上側及び／又は下側の凹部に設けられ、及び／又は構造性靴底と一体の突起は、たとえば接着又は加硫によって、構造性靴底の上側及び／又は下側の凹部及び／又は突出部にしっかりと接続される。しかしながら、構造性靴底と一体であり、構造性靴底の上側及び／又は下側に好ましくは熱融着又は接着で、しっかりと貼り付けられた柔らかく弾性を有したバネ様の材料から作られたカバーに付属する突起の形態で緩衝要素として提供される突起を製造することも可能である。本発明の特に好ましい実施態様では、本発明による中底は、柔らかく伸縮性・弾力性のある弾性を有したバネ様の材料で作られた突起が、（ａ）それぞれ、構造性靴底の上側の突出部上のみ、又は、凹部上のみ、または突出部上と凹部上の両方に、及び／又は、（ｂ）それぞれ、構造性靴底の下側の突出部上のみ、又は、凹部上のみ、または突出部上と凹部上の両方において、構造性靴底の特定の表面領域もしくは構造性靴底の表面全体に設けられるように構成され、これにより、中底の上側及び／又は下側上の突起の「先端」は、同じ高さにも異なる高さにも位置される。加えて、本発明の中底における材料の配置と分配は、中底の上側及び／又は下側上の構造性靴底の特定の表面領域もしくは表面全体において、（Ａ）柔らかくて伸縮性・弾力性のある材料から作られた突起間に位置する谷間の床は、さらに、柔らかくて弾性を有したバネ様の材料からなり、構造性靴底の上側又は下側の凹部の高さの領域の内側又は外側に位置し、又は、（Ｂ）柔らかくて弾性を有したバネ様の材料から作られた突起間に位置する谷間の床は、構造性靴底の材料で形成される。すなわち、構造性靴底は柔らかくて伸縮性・弾力性のある材料によってその部分はカバーされていない。本発明による中底の特に好ましい別の実施態様は、中底の上側及び／又は下側上で被覆が突起上に配されることにより識別される。柔らかくて弾性を有したバネ様の材料から作られた突起間に位置する谷間は、中底の上側及び／又は下側上に、構造性靴底の所定の表面領域に、又は、構造性靴底の表面全体に形成され、被覆と協働して空気又は圧縮性流体もしくは材料で充満された密閉室を画定するように、谷間に被覆（カバー）が架けられる。このようにして、柔らかくて弾性を有したバネ様の材料から作られた突起のみならず、前期突起間の空間部が、極めて有利に、「緩衝要素」として形成され、よって中底の表面領域全体が巧妙な三次元効果の緩衝・足受け・地面適応構造として、全体的に形成される。中底の上側上の被覆は好ましくは交換可能な足受けであり、一方、中底の下側上の被覆は表底として設けられる。表底は、好ましくは中底に接着され、たとえば輪郭付けられた突起やこぶなどの、表底突起を有しても有さなくてもよい。中底構造に一体化された表底に関しては、表底突起は−表底の断面形状として設けられる程度に−構造性靴底の下側に位置する柔らかく弾性を有したバネ様の材料で作られた突起上に中底の表面全体もしくは所定の表面領域に配される。これらの表底突起は、構造性靴底の下側上に柔らかく弾性を有したバネ様の材料から作られた突起として、同じ間隔及び／又は同じ幅を有する。中底の上側上の被覆及び／又は中底の下側上の被覆は、柔らかく弾性を有したバネ様の材料とは違うショア硬さ、特に、高いショア硬さを有する。また、柔らかく弾性を有したバネ様の材料は、中底の下側上と中底の上側上とでは違うショア硬さを有してもよく、及び／又は、いろいろな表面領域で、及び／又は、中底の上側及び／又は下側の同じ表面領域でさまざざまなショア硬度を有してもよい。構造性靴底が上側及び／又は下側の所定の領域、又は、上側又は下側全体に柔らかく弾性を有したバネ様の材料から作られる緩衝要素が設けられていない場合は、構造性靴底の凹部は、充填材で埋められてもよく、その表面は好ましくは平坦であり、構造性靴底の突出部上の一番高い位置に、又は、上側では上に、又は下側では下に、位置する。硬く伸縮性・弾力性のある弾性を有したバネ様の材料は、特に、横方向に中底を補強するバネ鋼であってもよく、一方、逆に柔らかく弾力性・伸縮性のある弾性を有したバネ様の材料は、好ましくは、ゴム、天然ゴム及び／又はエラストマー材、又は、より一般的には、ゴム弾性のある材料である。上述したように、構造性靴底の凹部が、その所定の表面領域、又は、上側もしくは下側全体において充填材で満たされた場合、緩衝要素に用いられるように、同じ、よって柔らかく弾性を有したバネ様の材料、又は革、コルク組成材、すなわち結合材で結合されたコルク粉、又は、プラスチック及び／又はコルク粉及び／又は繊維材料を含有する複合材は、そのような充填材によって供給される。横方向に安定で、縦方向に柔軟な構造の硬くて弾性を有したバネ様の材料は、そのひとつは、たとえば、靴底の縦方向に柔軟に又は弾性的に、互いに、又は一方に対して、接続されているロッドなど、靴底の縦方向に直角に延在する剛性部材からなる構造を含むか、もしくはそのものであってもよい。本発明による靴はまた、特に足の病気の治療に適切である。横方向に安定した靴底であるので、厳密に画定され永久的に位置付けされるべき望ましい足部分の強調のために、足受けの凹みとともに、足のメカニズムに影響する整形用底革、詰め物、パッドに使用可能である。ついでながら、この参照によって、欧州特許明細書０３７３３３６Ｂ１及び公開番号０４３４０７６Ａ２で公開された欧州特許出願の開示内容は、それら２つの公報に記述されクレームされた「インレイ」(「アインラーゲ」)が本発明による構造性靴底として首尾良く提供されるほどに、本発明による前記靴及び中底の製造のプロセスの本特許明細書の開示内容になされる(ｓｉｃ)。本発明の他のさらなる開発点は、クレームに特定されている。本発明の上述の特徴及び利点及び他の特徴及び利点は、図面の第１図乃至第１９図に関連する本発明の特に好ましい実施態様に基づいて以下に詳細に記述及び明らかにされる。図面には、それらの実施態様は概略的に示されており、それら図面は次の通りである。第１図：本発明による中底の好ましい実施態様の概略平面図；第２図：第１図の中底の線Aに沿った部分断面図であり、詳しくするため、第１図に示されていない上側被覆と下側被覆が追加されている；第３図：上側被覆と下側被覆が設けられた、本発明による中底の別の実施態様の部分断面図で、第２図に対応する図面；第４図：上側被覆と下側被覆が設けられた、本発明による中底のさらに別の実施態様の部分断面図で、第２図に対応する図面；第５、６及び７図：本発明によるさらに別の実施態様の部分断面図で、第２図に対応する図面であり、これらの実施態様には上側被覆と下側被覆が追加可能である；第８図：前記靴の縦方向に対して直角の靴の前足部の概略部分断面図であり、本発明による中底の実施態様は支持構造を形成するように靴の甲材料に接続され、構造性靴底の弾力性材料のうねりをより良く示すため、断面は中底の縦軸に対して鋭角に取られたもので、第１図に示されるように靴底の縦方向に対して直角にさらに延在するものである；第９図：さまざまな表面領域が示された、本発明による中底の実施態様の上側被覆の概略平面図であって、さまざまな表面領域が示され、それに設けられた異なる緩衝要素によって、人間の足の解剖学的特徴に適合する異なる復元力が存在するものである；第１０図：本発明による靴底の他の実施態様の断面を示し、第２図乃至第７図に対応する図面；第１１図：本発明による靴に用いられる中底の図面であり、構造性靴底は外底の外包材料に埋め込まれているため外底のみが見え、加えて、構造性靴底を超えて延在する外底のエッジ領域はハッチングされた線で示されている；第１２図：本発明による靴に設けられた中底の好ましい実施態様の概略平面図であり、外底の上側部分は構造性靴底が見れるように取り除かれている；第１３図：靴底の縦方向に対して直角な本発明による靴底に用いられる中底の、たとえば第１１図の線Ｉ−Ｉに沿った、概略断面図であり、構造性靴底の弾力性材料のうねりをより良く示すため、断面は中底の縦軸に対して鋭角に取られたものである；第１４図：中底を靴の甲材料にしっかりと接続するために用いられる靴型とともに中底を示す、第１３図に対応する図面；第１５図：中底なしの第１４図の靴型の図面であり、垂直にハッチングされた領域は連続する中敷きが占めるスペースに対応する；第１６図：中底が靴の甲材料に接着された後であるが、靴の甲材料にはまだトリミング又は突出長さにグラインダーをかけることによってテーパーがつけられていない、本発明による靴底の製造途中における、靴型の、靴の甲材料の、及び、中敷きの、第１３図乃至１５図のような、断面図における状態；第１７図：本発明による靴の場合における、中底と靴の甲材料との間の仕上げられた接続の断面図；第１８図：靴の甲材料、他の図面に見られるように部分的である、中底、中敷き及び表底の分解断面図；第１９図：本発明に使用されるべき構造性靴底の平面図。構造性靴底を用いた、第１から１９図までに図示した実施態様において、またその他の可能な実施態様においても、構造性靴底は欧州特許明細書０３７３３３６Ｂ１及び公開番号０４３４０７６Ａ２で公開された欧州特許出願に、“インレイ”（“アインラーゲ”）という名称で呼ばれて請求され、説明され、及び／又は図示された態様で、提供されることが好ましい。ただし本発明の範囲の中で、横方向には安定で縦方向には柔軟性がある構造の硬くて弾性を有したバネ様の材料、例えばバネ鋼又は横方向を剛性にする材料を用いた他の構造性靴底も用いられる。本発明によって靴及び中底に提供される構造性靴底は一般に少なくとも前足部の領域に、好ましくは靴底又は足裏の全面積に、又は足の接地領域全体に広がっている。個々の範囲は本発明による中底が用いられる靴の、個々の型式及び用途によって様々である。多くのあり得る例の一つだけを示すならば、この中底が高い踵を有し、土踏まずの領域が地面から離れている婦人用のパンプスに用いられる場合は、本発明によって作られた中底は一般に、歩行の際に地面と伸縮性の接触をする前足部の部分にのみ広がる。第１図から第１９図までの実施態様において提供される、前述した基本構造を有する構造性靴底は、さらに言えば硬くて弾性（伸縮性）のあるシート材料、好ましくはバネ鋼で一体に形成される。この材料は厚さが均一で、靴底の縦方向とは直角の方向に断面形状を有しており、縦方向に切った断面形状は第２から８図まで及び第１０図の断面図に概念的に示されるような仕方で形成されており、実質的に前足部の領域全体、好ましくは実質的に足裏全体又は足の接地面積全体に広がっており、周期的に反復し、また浅溝付き、段付き、桁付き、深溝付き、さざなみ状、ビーズないし数珠玉状、蛇行形、蛇行状、ジグザグ又は台形状に形成されている。図面に基づいて以下に説明される本発明の実施態様においては、説明の便のために構造性靴底はいずれも断面図（ほぼ構造性靴底の縦方向に作成されたもの）においてさざなみ状の、好ましくはうねうねと曲がった断面形状を有するバネ鋼を有している。これは実用においてたまたま優秀性がわかったものである。しかしながら、この替わりに、横方向に安定で縦方向には柔軟性のある構造性靴底の構造が得られるものであれば、前述したいずれかの形式の断面形状、あるいは言及されなかった他の形式の断面形状もまた提供されてよい。さらに、これは第１図及び第８図にのみ示されているものであるが、他の図面に示される本発明による中底はいずれもエッジ領域２を有してもよい。このエッジ領域は少なくとも構造性靴底の縁部に接合しており、かつそれを越えて広がっており、好ましくは繊維補強を有するあるいは有しない柔らかい材料、好ましくは伸縮性・弾力性のある材料、例えばゴム、天然ゴム、エラストマーなどで作られ、かつ靴の製造過程において靴の甲材料（上部材料）３（第８図を見よ）と重なり、重なり領域４で靴の甲材料に強固に接合され、こうして中底５と靴の甲材料（上部材料）３は前述したように自己支持性の靴の構造を形成する。これに関連してエッジ領域２は第８図に示されるように、好ましくは外方に向かって、及び／又は上方に向かって−つまり足の方に向かって−テーパーがつけられながらアーチ状に伸びている。エッジ領域２は好ましくは第１図に示されるように構造性靴底の周囲に連続的に設けられるが、これは個々の靴の形式及び用途によっていろいろである。例えば前述した婦人用パンプスの場合は、前足部の領域にのみ、靴の外方に向かって設ければ済む。他方、もし在来の方法で本発明の中底が靴構造の中に一体化されるならば、このようなエッジ領域２は省略されてもよい。具体的に言えば第１及び８図において、このようなエッジ領域２付きで図示されている中底５の場合も、エッジ領域２は省略されてもよい。第１から１０図までに図示される、本発明による中底のいろいろな実施態様を、以下においてより詳しく説明するが、中底はさらに後の方で述べる差異は別として、柔らかい、伸縮性（弾性）のある、特にゴム伸縮性（ゴム弾性）のある、弾力性のあるバネ様の材料で作られる緩衝要素の配置及び設計において様々である。第１図によれば緩衝要素６は個別の、塊状の、規則的な形、例えば球体、立方体、略立方体などの六面体及び六面体プリズムないし六角柱の形をした緩衝体であり、これらは横方向断面形状で形成される凹部７に非固定式に配列されるか、あるいは強固に接合される。第１図においては、説明の便のためにこのような緩衝要素６は一部の凹部にのみ示されているが、それらはすべての凹部に備えられてもよい。また、第１図には様々な形の塊状の緩衝体が同一の中底５に示されているが、同一の中底に第１図に示されるよりも多い、あるいは少ない種類の形状の緩衝体が用いられてもよい。例えばただ１種類の形状の、例えば球状の、緩衝体が用いられてもよい。さらにまた、第１図から離れるならば、同一の凹部７に異なる形状の緩衝体が隣り合って配列されてもよい。最後に、第２図に点線で示されるように、個別の、塊状の、規則的な形をした、より小さな緩衝要素８が、凹部７の底に落ち着いているより大きい塊状の緩衝要素６の間に付加的に配置されてもよい。第２図にさらに示されているように、ここに図示されている実施態様においては、構造性靴底１の上側の凹部７とは対照的に、構造性靴底１の下側の凹部９は充填材料１０で満たされている。この充填材料は好ましくは柔らかい、弾性（伸縮性）のある、特にゴム弾性（ゴム伸縮性）のある、弾力のあるバネ様の材料であり、地面の方を向いた面１１を有している。この面は平坦で、構造性靴底の断面のレベルの外部にある。すなわち、充填材料１０は地面へ向かう方向において構造性靴底の下側の突出部１２のレベルを越している。第２図の実施態様による緩衝体６−及び場合により８−ばかりでなく第３から１０図までによる実施態様の、後に説明される緩衝体においても、これらの緩衝体は中底の上側及び／又は下側において、構造性靴底１の上側及び／又は下側を越えて、又は構造性靴底１の断面領域を越えて、柔らかい、弾性的に曲がりうる不連続の突起部−構造性靴底の材料に対して−として突出してもよい。このようにして本発明によって、構造性靴底１の上に支持された三次元的緩衝系が提供されるが、これについては本発明の残りの実施態様を説明した後でさらに詳しく説明する。再び第２図を参照するならば、緩衝体６−及び場合により８−によって形成され、構造性靴底１の断面の範囲を越えて突出している突起部の上に、被覆１３が配置されている。この被覆は中底（インソール）５の上面−第１図では省略されている−を形成し、足受け台又は交換式足受け台の支持部としての機能を有してもよい。この被覆１２は中底５の縁部で構造性靴底１に接合されてもよく、この際気密式に接合されることが好ましい。そうすることによって緩衝要素６−及び場合により８−の間の空間が密閉された空気室を形成し、これもまた緩衝部材として働く。最後に、第２図の実施態様においては、充填材料１０の平坦な表面１１によって形成される中底の下面には、表底（アウトソール）の断面形状を形成するアウトソール突起部１５を有する表底（アウトソール）１４が、例えば加硫又は接着剤接着によって接合されている。靴の個々の形式又は意図される用途によっては、表底１４もまた省略されてもよく、あるいは充填材料１０や構造性靴底の下面に備えられる緩衝要素によって表底が形成されてもよい。これについては後の図面に基づいて説明する。また、塊状の緩衝体の形をとる緩衝要素６及び８は、第１図の図示とは異なって、構造性靴底１の全幅にわたって伸びる棒状の緩衝要素であってもよく、したがって、例えば、第２図の緩衝体６及び８は、個々の凹部７の全長に亘って伸びる円形断面の棒であってもよい。このような棒状の緩衝要素はさらにその長さ方向とは直角に延在する凹部を備えてもよく、この場合この凹部は一つの凹部７の中に隣り合って配列された球の間の隙間と同様に働く。同じことは第４から８図まで及び第１０図による緩衝要素にもあてはまる。これらは構造性靴底１と一体化された突起部を形成し、好ましくはそれぞれが構造性靴底の全幅に亘って伸びる。このような突起に長さ方向に対して直角な凹部が備えられるならば、凹部は隣り合う突起の間で互い違いに配置されてもよい。第３図に示される実施態様の、本発明による中底は、緩衝要素１６が構造性靴底１の下側の凹部９にも配置されている点において、第２図の実施態様とは実質的に異なっている。これらの緩衝要素は個別の、塊状の緩衝体の形で非固定式に配置されるか、あるいは強固に接合されており、その下側の領域は柔らかくて、弾性的に曲がりうる個別の突起として、構造性靴底１の下面を越えて突出している。換言すれば、下方への方向において構造性靴底１の断面の範囲を越えて突出している。ところで、第１及び２図との関連で述べられた説明は第３図にもあてはまる。これに関して付け加えれば、第３図においては構造性靴底の上側ばかりでなく下側にも緩衝性空気室が、緩衝要素１６の間に形成される。第２図に関連して上側について説明したのと同様に、この目的のためには表底１４は構造性靴底１の縁部に、気密式に接合される。第４図に示される中底５の実施態様は、緩衝要素１７が構造性靴底１と一体化された突起部として構造性靴底１の下面に形成される、という点において、第３図による実施態様とは異なっている。この場合緩衝要素は構造性靴底１に、例えば加硫又は接着剤接着によって一体化される。また、緩衝要素１７は−第３図とは対照的に−下方を向いた構造性靴底の突出部１８の上に備えられている。したがって、この場合に得られる緩衝特性は、緩衝要素１６が構造性靴底１の下向きの凹部９に配置される第３図の場合とは異なっている。しかしながらいずれの場合も−第３図及び第４図のいずれにおいても−構造性靴底１上に備えられる緩衝要素１６及び１７は、それぞれ表底の突起１５の上に配置され、表底の突起１５に働く衝撃及び振動が直接に緩衝要素１６及び１７に伝わって緩衝されるようになっている。しかしながら個々の靴の型式及び用途によっては表底１４は平坦な表底であってもよい。第４図において、構造性靴底の横方向を向いた突起が連続的に表底１４と接触しているか、あるいは接着剤による接着又は加硫によって表底に結合されているならば、それぞれ独立した空気室１９が、もしそれが構造性靴底の側面の縁部で仕切られているならば、緩衝室として形成される。同じことは第２及び３図においても、緩衝要素６及び１６がそれぞれ棒状の緩衝体の形をとっており、それが構造性靴底の全幅にわたってそれぞれ上部の被覆１３又は表底１４に結合されている場合は、あてはまる。第５から８図まで、及び第１０図によれば構造性靴底１の上側及び下側に設けられた緩衝要素は上下それぞれの被覆に属する突起部の形をとっており、該被覆は構造性靴底１の上側及び下側に、例えば加硫によって、あるいは接着によって、強固に接合されており、−構造性靴底１の硬さとの関係において−柔軟で、弾性、特にゴム弾性を有した、弾力のあるバネ様素材でできている。この場合、この特定の被覆の突起部の間の中間領域は、もちろん突起と協力して緩衝の作用をする。前述の図面における異なる設計は次の通りである。（ａ）第５図においては、構造性靴底１の上側に緩衝要素２０で形成された突起部は上側の凹部７の上にのみ設けられており、構造性靴底１の下側に緩衝要素２１で形成された突起部は構造性靴底１の下側の凹部９の上に配置されている。（ｂ）第６図において、緩衝要素２２で形成される突起部は構造性靴底１の上側の突出部１８の上に設けられており、緩衝要素２３で形成される突起部は構造性靴底１の下側の突出部１２の上に配置されている。（ｃ）第７図においては、緩衝要素２４で形成される突起部は構造性靴底１の上側の突出部７の上に設けられており、緩衝要素２５で形成される突起部は構造性靴底１の下側の突出部１２の上に配置されている。（ｄ）第８図においては、緩衝要素２６で形成される突起部は構造性靴底１の上側の突出部１８の上に形成されており、緩衝要素２７で形成される突起部は構造性靴底１の下側の凹部９の上に配置されている。（ｅ）第１０図においては、緩衝要素２９で形成される突起部は構造性靴底１の上側の凹部７と突出部１８の上に交互に設けられており、緩衝要素３０で形成される突起部は構造性靴底１の下側の凹部９と突出部１２の上に交互に配置されている。得られる可能性は上に示した例に尽きるものではないが、上に示した例によって、個々の靴の型式及び用途によって様々な緩衝及び足受け効果が足の方向に対して得られ、また−これと対照的に−同様な又は異なる緩衝効果が地面の方向に対して得られることがわかる。これを個々の場合について三次元的に説明すれば、第５図においては足の方向、地面の方向ともコルゲーション（波ないし段）の低い部分における緩衝、第６図においては足の方向、地面の方向ともコルゲーションの高い部分における緩衝、第７図においては足の方向にはコルゲーションの低い部分における緩衝、地面の方向にはコルゲーションの高い部分における緩衝、第８図においては足の方向にはコルゲーションの高い部分における緩衝、地面の方向にはコルゲーションの低い部分における緩衝、最後に第１０図においては足の方向と地面の方向においてコルゲーションの高い部分と低い部分の両方における緩衝が得られる。この際すべての場合において構造性靴底１は弾力性ないしレジリエンスを有するが硬い支持土台としての役目を果たすと共に前記緩衝要素をおのおのの緩衝動作に関して切り離す役目を果たす。緩衝要素は構造性靴底１の上側及び／又は下側の異なる領域においてその形状、密度、弾性、回復力、ショア硬度等について異なるように形成され、配列されてもよい。このようにして、第９図に例示したように、足の方向に対しては異なる緩衝性及び／又は足受け性を有する、すなわち、例えば異なる回復力を有する個々の領域が生じ、及び／又は、地面の方向に対しては異なる緩衝性及び／又は接地性を有する個々の領域が生じる。異なる程度の柔軟性又は硬さ（例えばショア硬度値）を有する緩衝要素が構造性靴底又は中底の同一の表面領域に備えられてもよい。この場合、例えば、同一の表面領域において、より柔らかい緩衝要素が構造性靴底の断面でより硬い緩衝要素よりも突出するようにすると、段階的緩衝効果が得られるので好ましい。本発明によって三次元的緩衝システムを得る手段としては次のようなものがある：（ａ）任意に選ばれる圧力分布、（ｂ）緩衝性空気室、（ｃ）交換可能な断面形状又は靴ごとに選択し得る断面形状、（ｄ）交換可能な中敷き又は靴ごとに選択し得る中敷き、例えば２種類又は３種類の靴幅から選べる中敷き、（ｅ）あらゆるスポーツ及びあらゆる用途のために任意に選択できる、三次元のすべての方向及び表面領域において任意に調整できる緩衝特性、特に広範囲のショア硬度値、抵抗力及び／又は回復力を有する緩衝要素、（ｆ）用途によって選択し得る強度性能、特に構造性靴底の設計に依存する横方向の安定性の程度及び縦方向の柔軟性の程度、特にその厚さ、硬度、弾性その他の材料特性を広範囲に選べるバネ鋼製の底、（ｇ）非常に小さな中底の合計高さ、すなわち好ましくは最大３ｍｍ、例えば厚さ１．５ｍｍの足受け中敷きを有する靴底の場合、厚さ１．５ｍｍの表底とそれに付けられた厚さ０．５ｍｍの表底断面形状を入れて合計高さは地面から足裏まで６．５ｍｍ、本発明によって、靴製造業者にとっては非常に多様なスポーツシューズ及び実用靴を製造するための単位設計のシステムが提供されるが、その中には次のようなものがある。（１）交換可能で各種の幅から選択できる足受け、（２）足の方向に対しては非常に様々な態様に考え得る緩衝及び足受けのシステムを有すると共に、地面の方向に対しては前記緩衝及び足受けのシステムとは概して独立で、機械的に絶縁されており、かつ同様に非常に様々な態様に設計し得るシステムを有する中底、（３）製造的な意味で交換可能な断面形状（平坦な表底の可能性も含む）を有する、すべてのスポーツ用途及びすべてのその他用途のための表底、この場合例えば各種の断面形状を製造するために金型製造業者からスタンプ装置が提供され得る。さらにまた、本発明は生体力学に関連して特に有利であり、詳しく述べるならばとりわけ次の理由によって有利である。硬くて、弾性のバネ様の材料、例えばバネ鋼、で作られた横方向に安定で縦方向には柔軟性の構造を有する構造性靴底を持たない通常の履物においては、足の方向に対して備えられた緩衝及び足受けの手段と、地面の方向に対して配置された緩衝及び接地手段とは、互いに非常に大きな機械的影響を有するので、足方向への効果と地面方向への効果は互いに分離することができない。このことは結果として足の解剖学及び足の生体力学に負の影響を与える。例えば踵が自由に動くことの結果として内転の増加、土踏まずの曲がりの増加、炎症性の扁平足の発症及び推進力の損失などが起こる。本発明によって、硬くて弾性のバネ様の材料、例えばバネ鋼、で作られた横方向に安定で縦方向には柔軟性の構造を有する構造性靴底と、−対照的に−柔らかくて、弾性のバネ様の緩衝要素が組み合わされ、後者は構造性靴底を土台として個々の突起を形成するように配置され、この突起が構造性靴底の断面の範囲を越えて突出するように組み合わされることの効果として、足の方向に対する緩衝及び足受けのシステムと地面の方向に対する緩衝及び接地のシステムとは機械的に絶縁され、したがって互いに概して独立となる。このようにして足の方向に対する緩衝及び足受け性を、地面の方向に対する緩衝及び接地性とは独立に最適化することができるので、負荷された足の解剖学及びその生体力学的な協同動作は、負の影響を受けず、むしろ最適に補助される。このことが就中エネルギーの損失を防止する。なぜならば靴の変型や踏面の変型によってもたらされる足の変型はもはや起こらないからである。本発明の長所として、足に面する緩衝要素が足の脂肪パッドに適合したショア硬度を与えられることができると言うことは、足の脂肪パッドの解剖学的状態のシミュレーションを意味する。この脂肪パッドは足にかかる衝撃を吸収し、緩衝し、圧力を骨に分散する上で非常に重要な機能を有している。すなわち、人間の踵は結合組織によって囲まれた強固な部屋に小球状の脂肪のパッドがつまっており、これが急激なショックを変型のエネルギーによって、また有効な力を骨に伝達することによって吸収し、推進に必要な構造が変型しないようにする機能を有している。足の方向に対して構造性靴底に備えられた、足受け性を有する緩衝要素は、したがって踵の解剖学的構造を拡大するものである。すなわち本発明による、足の方向に対して中底に配置された緩衝要素の層は、踵の脂肪パッドを下向きの方向にある程度延長すると言う意味において、踵の生理学的な受け台の要素となるのである。本発明によって、横方向には安定で縦方向には柔軟性の構造の、硬い、弾性を有したバネ様の材料で作られた構造性靴底と、−対照的に−柔らかい、弾性を有したバネ様の材料で作られた緩衝要素を包含し、該緩衝要素が、構造性靴底の上側及び／又は下側に備えられ、かつ弾性的に曲がりうる個々の突起として構造性靴底の上側及び／又は下側から、特には断面の範囲から少なくとも部分的に突出しているような、中底が提供される。第１７図に、第１１図の線Ｉ−Ｉに沿った断面図として部分的に、すなわち中底及び靴の甲材料の下部の領域のみについて、示される本発明の実施態様による靴、及び第１８図に分解図として、第１７図と同様な断面について、ただし中敷と表底を付け加えて示される本発明の実施態様による靴は、次のものを包含している：（ａ）横方向には安定で縦方向には柔軟性の構造の、硬い、弾性を有したバネ様の材料で作られた内底１０２としての構造性靴底と、−対照的に−柔らかくて柔軟性の外包材料で作られた外底１０３とからなる中底１０１、この場合内底１０２は外底１０３に慣習的な方法で埋め込まれており、外底１０３は内底１０２の境界１０２ａ（併せて特に第１１図を見よ）を越えて広がっている；（ｂ）内底１０１とともに靴の内側１０６を区切る靴の甲材料（上部材料）１０５；この場合構造性靴底又は内底１０２を越えて広がる外底１０３のエッジ領域１０４は靴の甲材料１０５に、重なり領域１０７（特に第１６、１７図を見よ）において強固に接合されている。第１３、１４、１７図及び第１８図が示すように、靴の甲材料１０５及び中底１０１は重なり領域１０７において断面でテーパーがつけられている。すなわち、外底１０３のエッジ領域１０４と、それに接合するべき靴の甲材料１０５のエッジ領域１０８は斜めに削り落とされている。この場合、第１８図によれば、本発明による靴の実施態様の重なり領域１０７の断面において靴の甲材料（上部材料）１０５及び中底１０１の材料はアーチ状をなしてさらに伸びている。ここに図示された実施態様の場合、靴の甲材料１０５と中底１０１は重なり領域１０７において接着剤によって互いに接合されている。付け加えれば、この実施態様において、第１１、１２、１３図及び第１６から１８図までが示すように、中底１０１はエッジ領域１０４を除いては平坦である。第１８図によれば、中底１０２の外側には表底１１９が接合される(この例では分解した状態で図示されている)。構造性靴底又は内底１０２はこの場合、前述した構造性靴底１と同様に、好ましくは次の特徴を有している。（ａ）構造性靴底又は内底１０２は実質的に足の領域全体に、特に実質的に足の接地領域（平地において正常な足の姿勢で足が地面に接触する領域）全体に広がっている；（ｂ）構造性靴底又は内底１０２は均一な厚さの硬くて弾性のある材料で一体に形成される。（ｃ）構造性靴底又は内底１０２は靴底の縦方向とは直角の方向に断面形状を有している(特に第１２図を見よ)。（ｄ）横方向断面形状１１０は実質的に靴底１０２の領域全体にわたって伸びている。（ｅ）バネ様のシート材料は浅溝付き、段付き、桁付き、深溝付き、さざなみ状、ビーズないし数珠玉状、蛇行形、蛇行状、ジグザグ又は台形状の横方向断面形状１０を有している；（ｆ）横方向断面形状１１０は周期的に反復し、かつ特定すれば、特に第１２図に、これに加えて第１３、１４図及び第１６から１８図までに明らかなように、その反復の周期は構造性靴底又は内底１０２の縦方向の広がりよりも短い。正常で健康な足に対しては横方向断面形状は縦方向に対して好ましくは７４度から８５度の角度を有し、特に好ましい態様においてはこの角度は７７度である。この実施態様においては、内底１０２を越えて広がるエッジ領域１０４は、中底１０１の縁部全体のまわりを通って、靴の甲材料１０５に、例えば接着剤による接着によって、強固に接合される。本発明による靴を製造するための、本発明による工程の、好ましい実施態様は次の通りである。（ａ）以上において図面の図を参照して説明された形式の中底５又は１０１を製作する。（ｂ）同じく以上において図面を参照して説明されたような靴の甲材料１０５を製作する。（ｃ）第１６図からわかるように、中底５又は１０１及び靴の甲材料１０５を、靴型１１１上に配置する。（ｄ）第８及び１６図に示されるように内底１又は１０２を越えて広がる外底３又は中底５のエッジ領域２又は１０４が靴の甲材料１０５と重なるように、靴型合わせする。（ｅ）第８図、第１６図及び第１７図に示されるように、重なり領域４又は１０７において、靴の甲材料１０５と中底５又は１０１を、互いに強固に接合する。本発明による工程の、本実施態様においては、第８、１３及び１４図に示されるように、中底のエッジ領域２又は１０４は靴の甲材料３又は１０５に強固に接合される以前に、あらかじめテーパーがつけられている。第１６及び１７図（特に第１６図の点線を見よ）から明らかなように、靴の甲材料３又は１０５と、本例の場合は備えられる中底５又は１０１との接着剤による接着の後で、靴の甲材料３又は１０５には同様にテーパーがつけられる。このようにして、第８及び１７図が図示するように、平滑で、断面においてほとんど太りのない接合領域が、靴の甲材料３又は１０５と中底５又は１０１との間に生じる。第１４、１５及び１６図がさらに示すように、靴型１１１は平坦な下面１１２を包含し、その上に、本例の場合は平坦な中底１０１が、靴の甲材料１０５が靴型合わせされる以前に、付けられる。もし中底５の表面が内側において平坦でない場合は靴型１１１はそれに適合した下面１１２を有してもよい。加えて第１８図から明らかなように、その厚さが靴型の１１４の部分に相当する中敷き１１３が靴型１１１上に与えられ、さらに第１８図によれば、中底１に接着剤接着される、表底１１５が与えられる。横方向には安定で縦方向には柔軟性の中底を有する靴の構造の基本的な概念は、個々の足に対して最適化された地面との連絡系を提供することにある。この連絡系は推進装置の自然な形での作動を可能にし、同時に立つこと、歩くこと、踏み出すことの安全性を保証し、かつその緩衝性と正確なフィット性によって、地面との関係における運動の過程での誘導を保証する。構造性靴底又は内底１、１０２と、外底１０、１０３又は緩衝要素と、必要に応じて上側及び／又は下側の被覆とからなる中底５、１０１において、安定性、踏み出しの安全性、及び誘導性の現象は構造性靴底又は内底１、１０２に統合され、上側緩衝要素６、８、１６、１７、２０〜３０又は外底１０、１０３による緩衝性及び足受け性は構造性靴底又は内底１、１０２に統合され、上側緩衝要素又は外底１０３及び必要に応じて上側の被覆１３、１１３によって規定される甲の中でのフィット性は構造性靴底又は内底に統合され、誘導性は外底１０、１０３又は構造性靴底又は内底１、１０２の下部の下側緩衝要素によって統合され、必要に応じて外底１４又は９によって補助される。このシステムは健康な足には最適化された床の上を裸足で歩くように歩くことを可能にし、又は許し、障害のある足には自然な裸足歩行に似た足取りが可能なように、機能を回復させる。好ましくはバネ鋼からなる、構造性靴底又は内底１、１０２は、緩衝要素６、８、１６、１７、２０〜３０及び／又は外底１０、１０３と共に、新規な目的に役立つ。中底５、１０１は靴の甲材料３、１０５でできた甲及び外底１４、１０９をそれに取り付け、中敷き１３、１１３をその上に置くべき基礎を形成するばかりでなく、それ又は本発明による靴を規定する要素である。構造性靴底又はバネ鋼底１又は１０２の輪郭形状は靴底の望ましい形状及び寸法に左右される。横方向のコルゲーションの配置は前足部領域でボールラインに一致するべきである。構造性靴底又は内底１又は１０２は半外底１０又は完全な外底１０３で外包されてもよい。これらの外底は好ましくはグラインダーをかけたり、また接着剤で接合することの可能な材料で作られる。上述の意味では、第５〜８図及び第１０図の緩衝要素は構造性靴底１を完全に外包する外底を形成する。構造性靴底又は内底１、１０２の範囲は足の最大負荷領域を包含する；これに関連して足の輪郭は、構造性靴底又は内底１、１０２によってカバーされるべき最大圧力領域よりも大きいことが考慮に入れられなければならない。この要因は構造性靴底又は内底１、１０２を外側の縁部１１６まで広げず、靴底の縁部１１６よりも靴底の内側へ後退させるために利用されてもよい。おおざっぱに言えば、好ましくはバネ鋼の中芯の形をとる構造性靴底又は内底１、１０２の場合、すべての側において靴底の外縁部両端１１６の間の間隔の１０〜１５％、好ましくは１２％が減少されてもよい。この割合は点Ａ、Ｂ（第１１図）における靴底１０３の長さにわたって、また中底５又は外底１０３の底幅にわたって、点Ｅ、Ｆ、Ｇ、Ｈ、Ｋ、Ｌ及びＺにおける対応する構造線上でとられた割合である。これによってエッジ領域２及び１０４が生じる。ＡＫ６４による中底の設計を基礎にすべきである。中底５、１０１の構造性靴底又はバネ鋼製中芯１、１０２の領域において表面は平坦でもよい。中底５、１０１の領域中の領域２、１０４すなわちバネ鋼又は構造性靴底のない領域では、前記中底は上方に向かって斜めに伸び、かつ靴型合わせしろ１１７（第１６図を見よ）のための空間を作るためにグラインダーをかけられてもよい。中底５、１０１はしたがって外縁部（例えば第８及び１３図を見よ）において甲革又は甲３、１０５の厚さにまで削り落とされる。その結果として甲の安定性と靴底の安定性はいずれも損なわれることはない。構造性靴底又は内底１、１０２においては中物は必要とされない。なぜならば靴型合わせしろ１７は中芯で補強された中底の下層の高さにまで削り落とされるからである(第８、１６及び１７図を見よ)。靴型の形状は中敷き１３、１１３の容積を考慮に入れる(第１５図を見よ)。これに関連して、製造されるべき中敷き１３、１１３の沈み込みの深さがあらかじめ明らかにされるべきである。靴型の形状は靴型が中敷き１３、１１３の容積を確保し、また対応する沈み込みの深さを持つことを補助する。特に靴型１１１は必要に応じて底部領域１１２において平坦にされることを考慮に入れ、靴型容積の計算は靴型の平坦な底部１１２を考慮に入れるべきである。なぜならば理想的な円形が長円形に変わり、加えて底面が平坦になるからである(第１４、１５及び１６図を見よ)。その結果、ボール部の周囲長を一定とするならば、ボール部の容積は小さくなってしまう。計測的及び計算的な手段の結果として、一定のボール部容積を保証するために、靴型の周囲長は全領域に亙って拡大される。中芯又は構造性靴底１、１０２のない中底の領域５、１０１において凹面を与える斜めに削り落とされた部分が、靴型の形状において考慮に入れられる。したがって靴型としては、その外縁部に斜めに落とされた部分１１８（第１５図を見よ）を有し、中芯又は構造性靴底１、１０２の領域では全く平坦な設計を有するか、又は突起を備えられた中底の上面（第５〜８及び１０図を見よ）に対応する形状を与えられた靴型が製作される。甲の領域１０５から靴型合わせしろ１１７へのスムースな移行を保証し、それによって個々の足への靴の適合を改善するために、斜めに落とされた部分１１８は二段階になっていてもよい。構造性靴底又は内底１、１０２は平坦面の方向において、足と中底の間の適合性を与える。構造性靴底２、１０４のない、とりわけバネ鋼のない、中底５、１０１のエッジ領域２、１０４は、足の方向を向いた形状において、好ましくはわずかに凹面とされる。このようにすることによって、靴型合わせしろ１１７のために付加的な空間が存在することが保証される。この凹面は盆形（トラフ形）の形状をもたらすことが、中底の外周部でわかる(第８及び１３図を見よ)。この盆形は中敷き１３、１１３で埋められてもよい。これに対応して、中敷き１３、１１３は正確に納まるために、中底の形状のネガ型になっていることが好ましい。中底の、より柔らかく、より柔軟性で、構造性靴底あるいは中芯のないエッジ領域２、１０４によって足へのフィットが改善され、個々の差異は中敷き１３、１１３及び靴紐の締め方によって埋め合わされる。中敷き１３、１１３は例えば２ないし７ｍｍ、好ましくは５ｍｍの厚さを有している。前足部領域よりも後足部領域について言えることであるが、中敷きは高級な材料で製造されるべきであり、取り外し可能であり、良好な履き心地を有しており、できればサンドイッチ形の構造をとることによって、足衛生学の要求を完全に満たすものである。中敷き１３、１１３の容積は靴型１１１（第１５図を見よ）の設計において考慮に入れられる。横方向に安定な中底の効果として、靴底領域における一点集中的な磨滅は起こらない。磨滅は二次元的である。その結果として、靴底の高さを低くすることができる。表底１４、１１５の断面形状は靴の形式によって変わるが、原則として、断面形状を低くすることが重要である。断面形状は第１８及び１９図に示されるように、ブリッジ方式で低減されてもよい。これは重量を節約し、靴底のバー効果を低減し、それによって柔軟性を増し、より高い地面の反動力を得るためである。本発明によって靴、中底及び製造工程に提供され、用いられる構造性靴底は、少なくとも構造性靴底の前足部領域において、横方向の補強方向Ｑが構造性靴底の縦方向の軸Ｌに対して７０°から８６°、好ましくは７４°から７８°、特に好ましくは７７°の鋭角αをなして伸びるような方法で形成されることが好ましい(非限定的な例として第１及び１２図を見よ)。鋭角αは縦方向の軸から構造性靴底の足外側部に向かって伸びる横方向補強のなされる部分と、鋭角αの測定点から足の後部に向かって伸びる縦方向の軸Ｌの一部との間の角度として定義される。さらにまた、構造性靴底は、少なくとも構造性靴底の後部領域において、横方向補強方向Ｑが構造性靴底の縦方向の軸Ｌに対して９５°から１２０°、好ましくは１００°から１１５°、特に好ましくは１０３°の傾斜角βをなして伸びるような方法で形成されることが好ましい。傾斜角βは縦方向の軸から構造性靴底の足外側部に向かって伸びる横方向補強のなされる部分と、傾斜角βの測定点から足の後部に向かって伸びる縦方向の軸Ｌの一部との間の角度として定義される。これらの角度はここに特定される構造性靴底のすべての形式において提供されてよく、横方向の補強が構造性靴底の材料の内部的構造化によって得られるか、それとも例えば靴底の縦方向に対して直角方向に伸びる、断面形状又は剛性要素などの外部的構造化によって得られるかによらない。靴底の縦方向とは直角の方向に剛性にするこの形式の要素は、例えば前述した第１図の実施態様の変形であって、一線上に互いに隣り合って並ぶ、互いに伸縮性に連結された、ウェルト型の要素７であっても良い。第１９図は本発明に特に好便に用いられる内底を上から見た所を示している。このものは横方向に安定で縦方向には柔軟性の構造の、硬くて、弾性を有したバネ様の材料で作られている。その中で歩行の過程で力のかかる点の並ぶ形が曲がりくねった線２００として示されており、例えば線２００に実質的にあるいは近似的に直角に伸びる横方向の断面形状がＱで示されている。このような方法で、構造性靴底又は内底及びそれを用いた靴は生体力学的及び身体的な法則が、靴を用いた歩行あるいは走行によって著しく損なわれることのないように、また好ましくはかえって補助され、増進されるように構成されている。したがってこのような生体力学的及び身体的な法則に高度に順応した中底又は構造性靴底が提供されることが好ましく、このものを構造性靴底又は中底又は内底として靴に適用すれば、個々の意図された実用的用途に順応した、前記法則の最良の効果を実用上で与える靴が得られる。したがってこの構造性靴底又は中底又は内底は、特定の領域において、スポーツの種類によって特有の、及び／又は足にとって適当な負荷のかかり方が、最高度に実現されるように設計される。歩行の過程で、アモーティゼーション段階−すなわち歩行中に足が地面に休んでいる段階−に相当する瞬間に、地面の反動力が発生する。地面の反動力の総体は「負荷線」すなわち力のかかる点が並ぶ線の上に存在する。負荷線は着地点から踵の中央にかけては足の外縁部を通り、そこからボールの中央を通り、さらに親指又は第二指へと、うねうねと曲がって走っている。本発明による、負荷線に関する横方向の補強の形の取り方によって、地面の反動力は最も確実に地面から足へ、また足から地面へ伝達される。これは歩行者又はランナーの足に対して、加速的な効果を持つことがあり得る。本発明によれば単位設計システムによって靴を構成することができるが、その本質的な要素は中底５、１０１であり、このものは好ましくはバネ鋼からなる、コルゲーションを有する中芯１、１０２を有する。この中芯１、１０２の領域で中底５、１０１はまったく平坦である。中底５、１０１の中芯のないエッジ領域２、１０４は、縁部から対応する測定軸Ａ−Ｂ、Ｇ−Ｈ、Ｅ−Ｆ又はＫ−Ｌ（第１１図参照）に沿って靴底中央部領域へ向かって約１２％までを占めてもよい。結果として、足の誘導性、安定性、さらには踏み出しの安全性の要素が失われることはない。中底５、１０１の中芯のないエッジ領域２、１０４は足の方向に向かって曲げられ、盆形（トラフ形）の形状が生じる(第１８図を見よ)。中芯のない、強く曲げられた領域は靴型合わせしろ１７のための空間を提供する。靴型合わせしろ１７は中底の下面の高さまで削り落とされる(第１６及び１７図)。中底５、１０１の上面に生じる盆形の形状は中敷き１３、１１３によって埋め合わされる。中敷きの上面は好ましくは平坦で、下面では盆形形状に納まり、かつ足受け性及び足衛生上の性質を最大限に有している。中敷き１３、１１３は好ましくは交換可能である。内底１、１０２の横方向に安定な構造のために、表底の磨滅が二次元で起こる（すなわち靴底の特定の領域に限定されない）ので、表底１４、１１５の高さと容積は低減されることができる。中底５、１０１の中芯１、１０２によってバー効果が起こらないように、表底１４、１１５は分割されてもよい。したがってこの形式の靴の底金型の合計高さは非常に低くすることができ、足が地面に近くなる(第１８図)。特定の実施態様において高さの内訳は次の通りである；表底（アウトソール）：１−２ｍｍ中物（ボトムフィラー）：０ｍｍ（不必要であるから）中底（インソール）：２ｍｍ中敷き（インレイソール）：２−５ｍｍ底金型の合計高さ（ソールモールド）：７ｍｍ踵は望みの靴性能に対応して設計される。ブロックヒールの場合必要に応じてアーティキュレーション（関節、節接合）が組み込まれる。中敷き１３、１１３に関しては、好ましい実施態様において以下の事項が特に重要である。中敷きはスポーツシューズの場合のように、足を受ける役目をする。その外側は（靴型に対応して）斜めに落とされている；必要な幅に対応して厚さは変化する；例えば踵の領域に、例えば緩衝要素を包含している。本発明による靴の好ましい実施態様の特別な利点は：中物が必要とされないので、靴の位置を下げることができる。安定性は中底が負担する。表底の厚さ２．５ｍｍ、中底の厚さ２．５ｍｍとすれば（中敷きなしの場合）足は地面から５ｍｍしか離れない；しかしながら好ましくはバネ鋼からなる中底の効果で保護と安定性は失われない。構造性靴底又は内底は欧州特許明細書０３７３３３６Ｂ１及び欧州特許出願０４３４０７６Ａ２（公開番号）に説明され、図示されたインレイの様々な実施態様に対応して設計され、改変され得ることを付言する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Shoes, their production and use The present invention relates to a shoe and a method for manufacturing the same, and a sport to which the present invention can be applied very advantageously. It relates to the preferred use as art shoes. Advantageous as sports shoes But in addition to street shoes, working shoes and house shoes The present invention also has a very remarkable advantage when used as such. The invention is all Is applicable to the following types of shoes. In particular, the object of the invention is on the one hand the outstanding lateral stability and excellentness of its sole part. Low cost, reasonable and relatively easy to manufacture With the potential of the method, the wearer is not harmed by hard parts of the ground, Is to ensure contact with the ground. According to the invention, this objective is: (A) Hard, elastic, spring-like material with a stable structure in the horizontal direction and a flexible structure in the vertical direction Sole sole made from material, and conversely, made from soft and flexible material Extending beyond the edge of the structural sole and securely connected to the structural sole An insole consisting of an edge region, (B) The upper material of the shoe (upper part) connected to the insole and adjacent to the inside of the shoe together with the insole Materials) and A shoe comprising The midsole edge region, which extends beyond the edge of the structural sole, is the upper material (the upper material) of the shoe. ) Overlaps and is firmly connected to the shoe upper material in the overlapping area, thus the insole and the shoe A set of upper materials (upper material) is achieved by the shoes forming a self-supporting shoe structure You. In this way, a shoe is made according to the invention. The sole is relatively thin on the outside May be supplemented by outsole, but not necessary-stability in the horizontal direction and flexibility in the vertical direction Is a hard point on the ground that has a characteristic and is attached to a sharp stone, for example. In the case of shoes with exotic soles, to the extent previously not possible with shoe manufacturing technology. And can be manufactured thinly. Such a very thin, but laterally stable and longitudinally flexible, Until now, shoes with soles that evenly distribute the point of concentration of power throughout the tread Good and direct ground contact, which was not achievable, is obtained, which When the shoe is used as a sports shoe, it is best for special sports fields. Provides great performance. In this connection, a book with a set of insole and shoe upper material (upper material) It is particularly important that the shoes according to the invention have good stability throughout the structure. Sideways The midsole, which is stable in the vertical direction and flexible in the vertical direction, and is stable even under pressure, Together with the material, it forms a self-supporting structure. This not only has high stability, but also Occasionally, because of this stability, it can be manufactured to be very lightweight, so that the wearer can When it comes to volume and proximity to the ground, it's almost like barefoot walking. I feel it. The shoes according to the invention are provided preferentially for use as sports shoes, At this point, applying the above-mentioned advantages of the shoe according to the invention, Elegant street shoes can be manufactured along with other shoes for various purposes. Should be noted. In some embodiments of the invention, the insole is opposite the hard, resilient, spring-like material. In addition, the outsole made of soft and flexible outer packaging material, The sole is preferably buried in the outsole in a customary manner, the outsole crossing the midsole boundary Extend, forming an edge region there. In a particularly preferred embodiment of the shoe according to the invention, the upper material and the insole of the shoe are provided with Tapered in cross section to face each other in the overlap area, This allows the overlap region to have no thickness increase or at least substantially Make sure there isn't enough thickness to be noticed, and the rest of the insole area and shoe upper material And leads to. In a preferred embodiment of the shoe according to the invention, not only with regard to thickness but also with regard to shape. The transition between the shoe upper material and the midsole, which is particularly advantageous, is also associated with the shoe upper material and the midsole. This is achieved by arcuating the cross section of the overlap in the material. Furthermore, in the case of the shoe according to the invention, the excellent transition between the upper material and the insole of the shoe is Of the instep material and the insole are bonded to each other with an adhesive etc. Thus, it can be achieved. This results in embodiments of this type facing each other as described above. Insole and shoe upper when provided with mating section taper A relatively large bonding area is obtained which guarantees a particularly strong and stable connection with the material. Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment, the midsole of the shoe according to the invention has a flat structure . In a particularly preferred way, it is present on the midsole of the shoe according to the invention in the form of a structural sole. The inner bottom has the following characteristics. (A) The inner sole extends at least almost entirely over the forefoot portion, but preferably Extending over the entire area or over the foot contact area; (B) The inner bottom is integrally formed from a hard and elastic sheet material having a uniform thickness. ; (C) the inner sole is contoured at right angles to the longitudinal direction of the sole; (D) The cross-sectional shape is preferably at least substantially throughout the forefoot area. Or almost the entire sole area, or almost the entire foot contact area Extend across; (E) The elastic sheet material is made of shallow groove, step, girder, deep groove, bead The cross section of a rosary, meandering, meandering, zigzag or trapezoidal Have (F) The cross-sectional shape is a periodic interval substantially shorter than the length of the sole (sole). To repeat periodically. Lateral reinforcement is longitudinally flexible and laterally reinforced, i.e. laterally Achieved with strengthened planar material. In a particularly preferred manner, the material of the structural sole is spring steel, while the structural sole is The material of the outer bottom optionally covering is preferably leather, rubber, natural rubber, plastic, Cork composition material, that is, cork powder or plastic bonded with a binder, and And / or a composite material containing cork powder and / or fiber material. The midsole edge region extending beyond the structural sole, while the sole is at the top of the shoe (A) Allows good connection to the material, while the overlap area is as narrow as possible It is clear from the above that it has a width that is retained, The edge region of the outer sole extending beyond the sex sole is the width of the midsole in the edge region, It preferably has a width of 5 to 20%, in particular 10 to 15%, more particularly 12%. New Finally, an edge region extending beyond the structural sole, for example on the outsole, is preferred. Or around the edge of the insole, and is firmly fixed to the upper (upper) material of the shoe It will be understood that the present invention is not limited to this Depending on the application to the shoe, the connection between the aforementioned shoe upper material and the insole may be part of the insole. The edge region alone is sufficient. Finally, the Shore hardness of elastic materials, especially hard and elastic spring-like materials Is the lateral stiffness of the structural sole so that overall forefoot stepping stability is obtained And / or the Shore hardness of the upper material of the shoe is The hardness (sic) is within a range that is not substantially harder than the material of the structural sole. You. The manufacturing process of the shoe according to the present invention comprises: (A) A spring-like material that is stable in the horizontal direction and flexible in the vertical direction and has a hard and elastic structure Made from soft soles and, conversely, made from soft and flexible materials , Extending beyond the edge of the structural sole and securely connected to the structural sole Manufacturing an insole consisting of (B) Upper (upper) material of the shoe, preferably with the insole spread inside the shoe Manufactures (C) Line up the insole and shoe upper material in the last, (D) the upper of the shoe so as to overlap the edge region extending beyond the structural sole (top) Match the material to the last, (E) The upper (upper) material of the shoe and the insole are firmly connected to each other in the overlapping area Including. In some embodiments, the manufacture of the midsole is made from a softer, more flexible material. Providing an outer sole on the structural sole, wherein the structural sole is preferably provided in a conventional manner. And extending beyond the boundaries of the structural sole. The process according to the invention provides that the upper material of the shoe and the insole are mutually Facing in cross section so that they face each other, the insole is preferably a shoe Before being firmly connected to the instep material, its edges are tapered while the shoe The upper material is preferably tapered only after being firmly joined to the insole You. Furthermore, the shoe upper material is firmly attached to the insole in the overlapping area by adhesive bonding. Joining is preferred. The last (foot last) used in the manufacturing process of the shoe according to the present invention is an insole The specific thickness of the midfoot and the insole so that it can be worn with the footrest That is, the size is equivalent to a thickness obtained by adding the thickness of the footrest. Furthermore, it is preferred to use a last with a flat insole, together with a flat insole. New Finally, although not required, in most cases the adhesive is applied to the outside of the midsole, for example by gluing. As for the outsole applied to special-purpose shoes to be attached, the outsole is an insole, That is, it can be integrated with the back of the outsole. High stability of this insole, And an inner sole obtained from the shoe according to the present invention, and an inner sole and the upper material of the shoe. As a result of the other features already mentioned of the self-supporting structure, the outsole is the outsole of the corresponding conventional shoe Can be significantly thinner. As already mentioned above, the shoes of the present invention can be used as ordinary street shoes or working shoes. A remarkable length, both as shoes and, in a particularly advantageous way, as sports shoes Can be used in conjunction with places. For sports shoes, in particular, Not exclusive, golf shoes, tennis shoes, jogging shoes, India Sports shoes, athletic shoes, outdoor sports shoes, Jump shoes, dance shoes, or mountain climbing shoes. other Depending on the characteristics, the effect of selling the intended use and the effect of protecting health and enhancing performance Fruit has both. The effect is the same as above, and also very high stability under load And the high elastic restoring force of the midsole. Therefore, to give an example, in the case of a golf shoe configured according to the present invention, In particular, due to proximity to the ground and other features of the shoe according to the invention. Improved load stability, high rotational kinematics and excellent torsion The impact performance is significantly improved. In the case of a high jump, as the test shows, Higher heights can be achieved. For climbing shoes, the ground conditions, even if Such as pebbles substantially reduce the movement of pressure, which is particularly important, Sometimes very flat soles, thus providing contact with close ground, can cause I, for example, reduce the risk of twisting. With the great reduction of the risk of this injury and the high stability and lightness of the shoes according to the invention Improving close contact with the ground, by the way, is a key factor in all types of sports. And is a crucial advantage of the invention in all street shoes . Due to the proximity to the ground, the invention achieves better stepping stability. Earth It can be compared (sic) to the lower placement of the foot in the shoe relative to the surface. In addition, the invention relates to an insole and, in particular, but not exclusively, to a shoe according to the invention. And a sports system in which the shoe according to the invention can be applied very advantageously. In the fuse, it relates to the manufacturing process. Advantageously applied to sports shoes But such as street shoes, working shoes and house shoes It can be applied to other shoes with considerable advantages. The insole according to the invention is Applicable to IP shoes. The underlying purpose is, among other things, very good lateral stability and longitudinal flexibility With as thin as possible, so that the contact between foot and ground is as close as possible On the one hand, the outstanding cushioning and support of the foot and the other on the ground. Manufacture of an insole that guarantees excellent cushioning and enhanced contact in the direction of contact It is. According to the invention, this objective is: (A) A spring-like material that is stable in the horizontal direction and flexible in the vertical direction and has a hard and elastic structure And structural soles made from (B) Conversely, it is a cushioning element made of a soft and elastic spring-like material. Provided on the upper and / or lower side of a hard and elastic spring-like material, For soft elastic materials, as a protruding structure that bends softly and elastically, or For soft elastic materials, as a separate protrusion that bends softly and elastically, Projecting above and / or below the structural sole on the upper and / or lower side A shock-absorbing element; Achieved by insole including In this way, the invention allows the use of an insole. The structural sole is horizontal The direction is stable, and the vertical direction is a flexible, rigid, elastic, elastic An upper cushioning element made from a fuzzy material with cushioning and foot support in the direction toward the foot Receiving a lower cushioning element having a cushioning and contact-promoting effect in the direction towards the element and / or the ground. It functions as a base part for holding. This structure according to the invention has a minimum distance between the sole and the ground, i.e. While being closest to (A) high cushioning against forces, shocks and vibrations between the foot and the ground; (B) With optimal foot support, (C) optimal adaptation and contact promotion between foot and ground; That is, as small as possible, previously impossible with shoe technology. The necessary conditions for indirect contact can be satisfied at the same time. This is the case, for example, in German Patent Application 196217737. Self as described in 7 A structure consisting of the insole forming the self-supporting shoe structure and the upper material of the shoe , Especially when the insole according to the invention is connected to the upper material of the shoe, That is, Laterally Stable, Structure made from hard, stretchable and elastic material with flexible structure in the longitudinal direction Sex soles, in this case, Same as the material of the buffer element, vice versa, Soft and flexible material , Or with an edge region made from a material similar to this material, by this, Structure The edge region extending beyond the manufacturable sole can be combined with the shoe upper material in the finished shoe. Overlap, In the overlap area, it is firmly connected to the shoe upper material, So the insole When the set with the shoe upper material forms a self-supporting shoe structure, Applied. A preferred embodiment of the insole according to the invention is Integral to the structural sole, In particular, Structure Is firmly connected to the structural sole to form a Preferably the width of the structural sole The cushioning elements provided throughout each are individual, Massive buffer and / or It is identified by taking the form of a protrusion. Individual, The size of the massive buffer is Smaller than the width of the insole, Structural soles around If it has a periodically repeating cross-sectional shape, Arranged in a recess with a transverse cross section, Protruding part of lateral cross section or size that protrudes beyond minimum cross section Is preferred. Individual, Regarding the shape of the massive buffer, They are, For example, ball body, cube, Hexahedrons such as approximately cubes, Prismatic body, Rhombus, Cones such as cones, A regularly formed body is preferred. According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, Individual, The massive buffer is Preferably, Contour extending over a specific midsole width Attached, And / or a rod-type buffer provided with a protrusion and a recess. You. in addition, Buffers on the same midsole may have different Shore hardness values No. The structural sole provided on the insole according to the present invention, Preferably, Above and / or Is composed of a recess on the lower side and a protrusion, Preferably, Regularly Especially preferred Or are arranged in a horizontal cross-sectional shape, It is formed. in addition, The structural soles Of foot It does not need to extend over the entire area, Preferably, At least over the forefoot area Extending. In such structural soles, Individual, The massive buffer is Structure Provided in the upper and / or lower recesses of the shoe sole, And / or integral with structural soles The protrusion of For example, by adhesion or vulcanization, Above and / or below the structural sole It is securely connected to the recess and / or the protrusion. However, Integral with the structural sole, Above and / or below the structural sole Preferably by heat fusion or bonding, Soft and elastic, firmly affixed Supplied as a cushioning element in the form of a protrusion attached to a cover made of spring-like material It is also possible to manufacture projections that are to be made. In a particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention, The insole according to the invention is Soft and elastic A protrusion made of a spring-like material with elastic elasticity, (A) Only on the upper protrusion of the structural sole, Or Only on the recess, Also Is on both the protrusion and the recess, And / or (B) Only on the lower protrusion of the structural sole, Or Only on the recess, Also Is on both the protrusion and the recess To be provided on a specific surface area of the structural sole or on the entire surface of the structural sole Is composed of This allows The "tip" of the protrusion on the upper and / or lower side of the midsole is same At different heights. in addition, The arrangement and distribution of materials in the midsole of the present invention Above and / or below the midsole In a specific surface area or the entire surface of the structural sole on the side, (A) Valley located between protrusions made of soft, stretchable and elastic material The floor in between further, Made of soft and elastic spring-like material, Construction Located inside or outside the region of the height of the upper or lower recess of the sex sole, Or (B) a valley located between protrusions made of a soft and elastic spring-like material; The floor in between Made of structural sole material. That is, Structural soles are soft The part is not covered by a stretchy and elastic material . Another particularly preferred embodiment of the insole according to the invention is Above and / or below the midsole Above, the coating is identified by being placed on the protrusion. Soft and elastic ba The valley located between the projections made from the material like Ne, Above and / or below the midsole To On a given surface area of the structural sole, Or Formed on the entire surface of the structural sole, Cooperates with the coating to define a closed chamber filled with air or a compressible fluid or material like, A cover is placed between the valleys. In this way, Only protrusions made from soft, elastic, spring-like material Not The space between the protrusions is Very advantageously, Formed as a "buffering element", Therefore the entire surface area of the insole is a clever three-dimensional effect buffer, foot support, ground adaptation structure do it, It is formed entirely. The covering on the upper side of the midsole is preferably a replaceable footrest, on the other hand, Lower side of midsole The top coating is provided as the outsole. Outsole is Preferably glued to the insole, for example Such as contoured protrusions and bumps, It may or may not have an outsole protrusion. For the outsole integrated into the midsole structure, Outsole projections-as cross-sectional shape of the outsole To the extent provided-soft, resilient, spring-like, located below the structural sole It is disposed on the entire surface of the insole or a predetermined surface area on the protrusion made of the material. This These outsole projections A soft, elastic, spring-like material on the underside of structural soles? As a projection made from Have the same spacing and / or the same width. The coating on the upper side of the midsole and / or the coating on the lower side of the midsole, Soft and elastic Shore hardness different from spring-like material, In particular, Has high Shore hardness. Also, Soft The spring-like material having elasticity is Shows that are different on the lower side of the insole and on the upper side of the insole May have hardness, And / or In various surface areas, And / or Insole May have different Shore hardness in the same surface area above and / or below . A predetermined region where the structural sole is upper and / or lower, Or Flexible top or bottom If there is no cushioning element made of a spring-like material that is easily elastic Is The concave part of the structural shoe sole is May be filled with filler, Its surface is preferably flat Tan At the highest position on the protrusion of the structural sole, Or On the upper side, Or On the lower side, To position. A spring-like material that is hard, stretchable and elastic, In particular, Middle bottom laterally May be spring steel to reinforce on the other hand, Conversely, it is soft, elastic and elastic Spring-like material with properties Preferably, Rubber, Natural rubber and / or elastomer -Wood, Or More generally, It is a material with rubber elasticity. As mentioned above, Structure The concave part of the shoe sole is Its predetermined surface area, Or On the entire upper or lower side When filled with filler, As used for cushioning elements, the same, So soft A spring-like material with elasticity, Or leather, Cork composition material, That is, they are joined with a binder Cork powder, Or Contains plastic and / or cork powder and / or fiber material The composite material Provided by such a filler. Stable in the horizontal direction, A rigid, elastic, spring-like material with a longitudinally flexible structure, One of them is For example, Flexible or elastic in the longitudinal direction of the sole, Each other, Or one Towards Such as connected rods Rigid part extending perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the sole Including a structure made of wood, Or it may be itself. The shoe according to the invention also Particularly suitable for treating foot disorders. Laterally stable Because it is the sole, Of the desired foot part to be strictly defined and permanently positioned For emphasis, With dent of foot support, Orthopedic soles that affect the mechanism of the foot, Stuffing, Can be used for pads. By the way, By this reference, European Patent Specification 0373336B1 and the public The disclosure of the European patent application published under the number 0434076A2 is: Those two "Inlay" ("Einlage") described and claimed in As well as being successfully provided as a structural sole, Manufacture of said shoes and insole according to the invention The disclosure of this patent specification of the fabrication process is made (sic). Another further development of the invention is that Specified in the claim. The above and other features and advantages of the present invention include: 1 to 1 of the drawings 9 in accordance with a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention in connection with FIG. Will be revealed. In the drawing, These embodiments are shown schematically and Those The drawings are as follows. Figure 1: A schematic plan view of a preferred embodiment of the insole according to the invention; Figure 2: FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view taken along line A at the center of FIG. To learn more, No. 1 additional top and bottom coatings not shown in FIG. Figure 3: Provided with an upper coating and a lower coating, Another embodiment of the insole according to the invention Is a partial sectional view of A drawing corresponding to FIG. 2; Figure 4: Provided with an upper coating and a lower coating, Still another embodiment of the insole according to the invention In a partial cross-sectional view of the embodiment, A drawing corresponding to FIG. 2; Fifth, Figures 6 and 7: FIG. 6 is a partial cross-sectional view of yet another embodiment according to the present invention; Fig. 2 It is a drawing corresponding to These embodiments include a topcoat and A lower coating can be added; Figure 8: It is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of the forefoot portion of the shoe perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the shoe, An insole embodiment according to the present invention provides a shoe upper material to form a support structure. Connected to To better show the swell of the elastic material of the structural sole, The cross section is taken at an acute angle to the longitudinal axis of the insole, Shown in Figure 1 Extending further at right angles to the longitudinal direction of the sole; Figure 9: Various surface areas were shown, Above the midsole embodiment according to the invention FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view of the coating, Different surface areas are shown, Set it up With different damping elements Matches the anatomical characteristics of the human foot Different restoring forces exist; Figure 10: FIG. 4 shows a cross section of another embodiment of a shoe sole according to the invention, FIG. 2 to FIG. 7 Drawings corresponding to; FIG. 11: It is a drawing of the insole used for shoes according to the present invention, Outer sole with structural sole Because it is embedded in the outer packaging material, only the outer bottom is visible, in addition, Construction The edge area of the outer sole that extends beyond the sole of the shoe is indicated by a hatched line. It is shown; FIG. 12: FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view of a preferred embodiment of an insole provided on a shoe according to the present invention. And The upper part of the outer sole has been removed to reveal the structural sole There; FIG. 13: The midsole used for the sole according to the invention, which is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the sole, , For example, along the line II in FIG. It is a schematic sectional view, Construction In order to better show the swell of the elastic material of the elastic shoe sole, Cross section is vertical in the middle bottom Taken at an acute angle to the axis; FIG. 14: With the last used to securely connect the insole to the upper material of the shoe Also show the insole, Drawing corresponding to FIG. 13; Figure 15: 14 is a drawing of the last of FIG. 14 without an insole; Vertically hatched The area corresponds to the space occupied by successive insoles; FIG. 16: After the insole is glued to the shoe upper material, The shoe upper material is still Taper by grinding the rim or protruding length Not attached, During the manufacture of a shoe sole according to the present invention, shoes Of type Of shoe upper material, as well as, Insole, As shown in FIGS. 13 to 15 What State in cross section; FIG. 17: In the case of a shoe according to the invention, Finishing between insole and shoe upper material Sectional view of the connection made; FIG. 18: Shoe upper material, Partial as seen in other drawings, Insole, Insole Exploded sectional view of the bottom and outsole; Figure 19: 1 is a plan view of a structural shoe sole to be used in the present invention. Using structural soles, In the embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 19, Also In other possible embodiments, The structural sole is disclosed in European Patent Specification 033733. European Patent Application published under 6B1 and Publication No. 0434076A2, “Inle I "(" Einlage ") Explained, And / or Is in the form shown, Preferably it is provided. However, within the scope of the present invention, Hard, elastic, spring-like material with a structure that is stable in the horizontal direction and flexible in the vertical direction Fee, Other structural soles using, for example, spring steel or transverse stiffening materials may also be used. It is. The structural sole provided on the shoe and insole according to the invention generally comprises at least a forefoot In the area of Preferably over the entire area of the sole or sole, Or spread all over the foot contact area ing. The individual areas of the shoe in which the insole according to the invention is used, Individual models and applications Depends on To show just one of many possible examples, This insole is high Have a heel, Used for pumps for women whose arch area is off the ground If Insoles made according to the present invention are generally Elastic contact with the ground when walking It spreads only to the part of the forefoot that touches. Provided in the embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 19, The basic structure described above The structural sole that has Speaking more, a hard and elastic (stretchable) sheet material, Good More preferably, they are integrally formed of spring steel. This material has a uniform thickness, With the vertical direction of the sole Has a cross-sectional shape in the direction at right angles, The cross-sectional shape cut in the vertical direction is shown in Figs. And in the manner conceptually shown in the cross-sectional view of FIG. Real Qualitatively the entire forefoot area, Preferably over substantially the entire sole or the foot contact area Is spreading, It repeats periodically, Also with a shallow groove, Stepped, With digits, With deep groove, Sa Rippled, Beads or beads Meandering, Meandering, Zigzag or trapezoidal Have been. In the embodiments of the present invention described below with reference to the drawings, For explanation All of the structural soles are cross-sectional views (substantially created in the longitudinal direction of the structural sole) In the shape of ripples, Spring steel preferably having a undulating and curved cross-sectional shape have. This has been found to be excellent in practical use. Only while doing, Instead of this, Structural soles that are stable in the horizontal direction and flexible in the vertical direction If the structure can be obtained, A cross-sectional shape of any of the types described above, Or words Other types of cross-sectional shapes not affected may also be provided. further, This is only shown in FIGS. 1 and 8, Other drawings Any of the insoles according to the invention shown in FIG. This edge The di region is at least joined to the edge of the structural sole, And spread beyond it And Soft material, preferably with or without fiber reinforcement, Preferably Is an elastic / elastic material, For example, rubber, Natural rubber, Made of elastomer etc. And In addition, the upper material (upper material) 3 (see FIG. 8) of the shoe is heavy during the manufacturing process of the shoe. Become In the overlap area 4, it is firmly joined to the shoe upper material, Thus the insole 5 and the upper of the shoe The charge (upper material) 3 forms the structure of the self-supporting shoe as described above. About this Continuously, the edge area 2 is as shown in FIG. Preferably towards the outside, Passing And / or upwards-that is, towards the foot- It extends like an arch. The edge region 2 is preferably structured as shown in FIG. It is provided continuously around the sole of the sex shoe, This depends on the type and application of each shoe Various. For example, in the case of the pumps for women mentioned above, Only in the forefoot area , All you have to do is to face the outside of the shoe. On the other hand, If the insole of the present invention is shoes in a conventional way If integrated into the structure, Such an edge region 2 may be omitted. Specifically, in FIGS. 1 and 8, It is illustrated with such an edge region 2 In the case of insole 5 The edge region 2 may be omitted. Illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 10, The various embodiments of the insole according to the invention , As explained in more detail below, The difference between the insole and the later do it, soft, With elasticity (elasticity), Especially with rubber elasticity (rubber elasticity) Variations in the arrangement and design of cushioning elements made of resilient spring-like materials You. According to FIG. 1, the cushioning element 6 is separate, Massive, Regular shape, For example, a sphere, Cubic body, A hexahedron such as a substantially cubic and a hexahedral prism or hexagonal prism shaped buffer Yes, These are arranged in a non-fixed manner in the recesses 7 formed in the transverse cross-sectional shape, Alternatively, they are firmly joined. In FIG. For convenience of explanation, such a cushioning element 6 is provided in some recesses. Is shown, They may be provided in all recesses. Also, In FIG. Is shown in the same midsole 5 with various forms of massive buffers, First in the same insole More than shown in the figure, Alternatively, a small number of types of cushions may be used. No. For example, only one type of shape, For example, spherical, A buffer may be used. Sa In addition, If you move away from Figure 1, Buffers of different shapes are adjacent to the same recess 7 They may be arranged together. Finally, As shown by the dotted line in FIG. Individual, mass Like Regularly shaped, The smaller cushioning element 8 Settle at the bottom of the recess 7 It may be additionally arranged between larger, massive block elements 6. As further shown in FIG. In the embodiment shown here Is In contrast to the upper recess 7 of the structural sole 1, The recess 9 on the lower side of the structural sole 1 It is filled with a filling material 10. This filling material is preferably soft, Elasticity (extension With shrinkage) Especially with rubber elasticity (rubber elasticity), With elastic spring-like material Yes, It has a surface 11 facing the ground. This surface is flat, Breaking of structural soles Outside the level of the plane. That is, Filling material 10 in the direction towards the ground Beyond the level of the protrusion 12 below the structural sole. The buffer 6- and possibly 8- according to the embodiment of FIG. Of the embodiment according to FIG. Also in the buffer described later, These buffers The body is above and / or below the midsole The upper and / or lower side of the structural sole 1 Beyond, Or, beyond the cross-sectional area of the structural sole 1 soft, Elastically bendable It may project as a discontinuous protrusion-relative to the material of the structural sole. like this According to the present invention, A three-dimensional cushioning system supported on the structural sole 1 is provided. But This will be described in more detail after describing the remaining embodiments of the present invention. I will tell. Referring again to FIG. Formed by the buffer 6- and optionally 8- And On the protrusion projecting beyond the cross-sectional area of the structural sole 1, Coating 13 Are located. This covering is the upper surface of the insole 5-omitted in FIG. Forming- Has a function as a support for a footrest or replaceable footrest Is also good. This covering 12 may be joined to the structural sole 1 at the edge of the midsole 5, this It is preferable to be joined in a very airtight manner. By doing so, the buffer element 6- and Optionally, the space between 8-forms a closed air chamber, This is also a cushioning member Work. Finally, In the embodiment of FIG. The flat surface 11 of the filling material 10 On the lower surface of the insole formed Outsole that forms the cross-sectional shape of the outsole Outsole 14 having tosole projection 15 For example, vulcanization or bonding They are joined by adhesive bonding. Depending on the particular type of shoe or the intended use , Outsole 14 may also be omitted, Alternatively, the filling material 10 or the lower surface of the structural shoe sole The outsole may be formed by the cushioning element provided in. This is shown later in the figure Explanation will be given based on the plane. Also, The cushioning elements 6 and 8 in the form of massive buffers are Different from the illustration in Fig. 1 hand, It may be a rod-shaped buffer element extending over the entire width of the structural sole 1, did So, For example, The buffers 6 and 8 in FIG. Extending over the entire length of each recess 7 The rod may have a circular cross section. Such a rod-shaped cushioning element is The direction may be provided with a recess extending at a right angle, In this case, this recess is It works like a gap between balls arranged next to each other. The same is shown in Figures 4 to 8 The same applies to the buffer element according to FIG. These are integrated with the structural sole 1 To form a projection Preferably each extends the full width of the structural sole You. If such a projection is provided with a recess perpendicular to the length direction, The recess is It may be arranged alternately between adjacent projections. In the embodiment shown in FIG. The insole according to the invention is The cushioning element 16 is a structural shoe In that it is also located in the recess 9 below the bottom 1 The embodiment of FIG. Are different. These cushioning elements are separate, Non-fixed in the form of massive buffers Placed or Or they are firmly joined, The area below it is soft, As individual projections that can bend elastically, Projecting beyond the lower surface of the structural sole 1 You. In other words, Projecting beyond the cross-section of the structural sole 1 in the downward direction are doing. by the way, The description given in connection with FIGS. 1 and 2 also applies to FIG. In this regard, In FIG. 3, not only the top but also the bottom of the structural sole There is a buffer air chamber on the side, Formed between the cushioning elements 16. Upper side in relation to FIG. As explained above, For this purpose the outsole 14 is the edge of the structural sole 1 In the department, It is joined in an airtight manner. The embodiment of the insole 5 shown in FIG. Buffer element 17 integrated with structural sole 1 Formed on the lower surface of the structural shoe sole 1 as a projected portion, In that regard, Third It differs from the illustrated embodiment. In this case the cushioning element is on the structural sole 1, example For example, they are integrated by vulcanization or adhesive bonding. Also, The cushioning element 17- In contrast-are provided on projections 18 of the structural sole which face downwards. did So, The cushioning properties obtained in this case are: The cushioning element 16 faces down the structural sole 1 3 is different from the case of FIG. However, in any case In each case-in both FIGS. 3 and 4-a buffer provided on the structural sole 1 Elements 16 and 17 are Each is arranged on the protrusion 15 on the outsole, Outer bottom protrusion 15 So that shocks and vibrations acting on the Has become. However, depending on the type and use of each shoe, the outsole 14 may be flat. It may be the outsole. In FIG. The laterally directed protrusions of the structural sole continuously contact the outsole 14 Do you know it, Or bonded to the outsole by gluing or vulcanizing Then Independent air chambers 19 If it is on the side edge of the structural sole If it is partitioned, Formed as a buffer chamber. The same is shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. Even if Buffer elements 6 and 16 each take the form of a rod-shaped buffer, that is Connected to the top covering 13 or the outsole 14, respectively, over the entire width of the structural sole. If you have Applicable. From Fig. 5 to 8, And according to FIG. 10 on the upper and lower sides of the structural sole 1 The cushioning element takes the form of a projection belonging to the upper and lower coverings, The coating Are on the upper and lower sides of the structural sole 1, For example, by vulcanization, Or by gluing , It is firmly joined, -In relation to the hardness of the structural sole 1-flexible, Bullet sex, Especially with rubber elasticity, Made of elastic spring-like material. in this case, This The intermediate area between the protrusions of the particular coating of Of course, in cooperation with the protrusion I do. The different designs in the above figures are as follows. (A) In FIG. A protrusion formed by the cushioning element 20 on the upper side of the structural sole 1 The raised portion is provided only on the upper concave portion 7, Loose under the structural sole 1 The projection formed by the striking element 21 is located above the recess 9 on the lower side of the structural sole 1 Have been. (B) In FIG. The protrusion formed by the cushioning element 22 is on the structural sole 1 Is provided on the side projection 18, Projection formed by buffer element 23 Are arranged on the lower protrusion 12 of the structural sole 1. (C) In FIG. 7, The protrusion formed by the cushioning element 24 is It is provided on the upper protrusion 7, Projection formed by buffer element 25 Are arranged on the lower protrusion 12 of the structural sole 1. (D) In FIG. The protrusion formed by the cushioning element 26 is Formed on the upper protrusion 18, Projection formed by buffer element 27 The part is arranged on the lower recess 9 of the structural sole 1. (E) In FIG. The protrusion formed by the cushioning element 29 is the structural sole 1 Are provided alternately on the upper concave portion 7 and the projecting portion 18. Buffer element 30 Is formed on the lower concave portion 9 and the protruding portion 12 on the lower side of the structural sole 1. They are placed on each other. The possibilities are not limited to the examples given above, According to the example shown above, hand, Depending on the type and application of each shoe, various cushioning and foot support effects can be And obtained Also-in contrast-similar or different buffering effects may be applied in the direction of the ground. It can be seen that it can be obtained. If we explain this three-dimensionally for each case , In Figure 5, the direction of the foot, The direction of the ground is corrugated (waves or steps) Buffering in the lower part, In FIG. 6, the direction of the foot, Corgeshi in the direction of the ground Buffer in the higher part of the In Fig. 7, the corrugation Buffering in the lower part, Buffer in high corrugations in the direction of the ground , In FIG. 8, in the direction of the foot, cushioning at the high part of corrugation, Ground In the direction of the low corrugation buffer, Finally, in FIG. Both the high and low corrugations in the foot direction and the ground direction This provides a buffering solution. In all cases, the structural sole 1 is not elastic or A resilient but rigid support base and said cushioning element Serves to decouple each with respect to the buffering operation. The cushioning element has its shape in different regions on the upper and / or lower side of the structural sole 1 , density, Elastic, Resilience, Formed differently for shore hardness etc. Arranged You may. In this way, As exemplified in FIG. 9, Different for the direction of the foot Has a cushioning property and / or a foot support property, That is, Have different resilience, for example Individual areas arise, And / or Different cushioning for the direction of the ground and / or Individual areas with grounding properties are created. Buffer elements having different degrees of flexibility or hardness (eg, Shore hardness values) are structured May be provided on the same surface area of the sole or insole. in this case, For example, Same In the surface area of Softer cushioning elements provide harder cushioning at the cross section of the structural sole If you protrude beyond the element, This is preferable because a stepwise buffering effect can be obtained. Means for obtaining a three-dimensional buffer system according to the present invention include the following. RU: (A) arbitrarily selected pressure distribution, (B) a buffered air chamber, (C) an interchangeable cross-sectional shape or a cross-sectional shape that can be selected for each shoe; (D) replaceable insoles or insoles that can be selected for each shoe, For example, two or three Insole that can be selected from different types of shoe width, (E) optional for any sport and any use; Three-dimensional Cushioning properties that can be adjusted arbitrarily in all directions and surface areas of Especially wide Range of Shore hardness values, Shock-absorbing element having resistance and / or recovery, (F) strength performance that can be selected depending on the application; Sideways that depend on the design of structural soles in particular Degree of directional stability and degree of longitudinal flexibility, Especially its thickness, hardness, Bullet Spring steel bottom with a wide selection of properties and other material properties, (G) the total height of the very small insole, That is, preferably up to 3 mm, For example Thickness 1. For a sole with a 5 mm insole sock, the thickness is 1. 5mm table Bottom and thickness attached to it. The total height is 5 mm 5. From the ground to soles 5mm, The present invention allows a wide variety of sports shoes and products for shoe manufacturers. A unit design system for manufacturing shoe is provided, including the following: There is something. (1) Interchangeable feet that can be selected from various widths, (2) There are various types of cushioning and footrest A cushioning and foot support system in the direction of the ground. Systems are generally independent of, mechanically insulated, and An insole with a system that can be designed in an embodiment, (3) It has a replaceable cross-sectional shape (including the possibility of flat outsole) in terms of manufacturing. Outsole for all sports uses and all other uses In some cases, for example, a stamping machine may be An arrangement may be provided. Furthermore, the present invention is particularly advantageous in connection with biomechanics, and This is particularly advantageous for the following reasons. Laterally stable and vertical made of a hard, elastic, spring-like material, such as spring steel Ordinary footwear that does not have a structural sole with a flexible structure Cushioning and footrest means provided for the direction, and arranged for the direction of the ground The shock absorbing and grounding means have a very large mechanical effect on each other, And ground effects cannot be separated from each other. This is the consequence Negatively affects foot anatomy and foot biomechanics. For example, the heel moves freely Increased adduction, increased arch arching, and inflammatory flatfoot And loss of propulsion occurs. According to the invention, a lateral made of a hard and elastic spring-like material, for example spring steel A structural sole with a structure that is stable in the direction and flexible in the longitudinal direction-in contrast-soft Combined with an elastic spring-like cushioning element, the latter based on a structural sole Arranged to form individual protrusions that extend beyond the cross-section of the structural sole. The effect of the protruding combination is that the cushioning and The footrest system and the cushioning and grounding system for ground direction are mechanically Insulated and thus generally independent of each other. In this way, in the direction of the foot Optimize cushioning and footing independently of the cushioning and contact with the ground. The anatomy of the loaded foot and its biomechanical co-operation Not negatively affected, but rather optimally assisted. This is especially energy loss To prevent Because of the change of foot caused by the change of shoes or tread For it will not happen anymore. It is an advantage of the present invention that the cushioning element facing the foot is adapted to the fat pad of the foot. Saying that it can be given a stiffness depends on the anatomical condition of the fat pads on the feet Means simulation. This fat pad absorbs and cushions the impact on the foot It has a very important function in distributing pressure to bone. In other words, the human heel is filled with globular fat in a rigid room surrounded by connective tissue. Pads are clogged, which can cause sudden shocks by changing energy. Absorbs the effective force transmitted to the bone, and does not deform the structure required for propulsion Function. Footrests provided on the structural sole in the direction of the foot The resilient cushioning element thus enlarges the heel anatomy. That is, according to the present invention, the layer of the cushioning element arranged on the midsole with respect to the direction of the foot, Heel physiology in the sense that the fat pad of the heel is extended to some extent in the downward direction It is an element of a scientific cradle. The present invention provides a rigid, resilient structure that is stable in the horizontal direction and flexible in the vertical direction. And, in contrast to a structural sole made of a spring-like material that has A cushioning element made of a spring-like material, wherein the cushioning element is located above the structural sole. Structural as individual projections provided on the side and / or underside and which can be elastically bent At least partially projecting from the upper and / or lower side of the sole, in particular from the area of the cross section An insole is provided as if you were. FIG. 17 is a partial cross-sectional view taken along line II of FIG. According to the embodiment of the invention shown only in the area of the sole and the lower part of the shoe upper material Shoes, and exploded view in FIG. 18, with the same cross section as in FIG. 17, but with an insole A shoe according to an embodiment of the present invention, shown with the addition of an outsole, includes: Is: (A) A rigid, elastic spring with a structure that is stable in the horizontal direction and flexible in the vertical direction. And-as opposed to a soft sole as an inner sole 102 made of a similar material. An insole 101 comprising an outer sole 103 made of a flexible outer packaging material; The inner bottom 102 is embedded in the outer bottom 103 in a conventional manner, 103 is beyond the boundary 102a of the inner bottom 102 (also see especially FIG. 11) And spread; (B) Upper material (upper material) 1 of the shoe that separates the inner side 106 of the shoe together with the inner sole 101 05; In this case, the edge region 1 of the outer sole 103 which extends beyond the structural sole or inner sole 102 04 in the upper 105 of the shoe, in the overlap area 107 (especially see FIGS. 16 and 17) Are firmly joined together. As shown in FIGS. 13, 14, 17 and 18, the shoe upper material 105 and the insole Reference numeral 101 denotes a tapered section in the overlapping region 107. Ie The edge area 104 of the outer sole 103 and the shoe upper material 105 to be joined to it. The edge region 108 is cut off diagonally. In this case, according to FIG. 18, the overlap area 107 of the embodiment of the shoe according to the invention In the cross section, the material of the shoe upper material (upper material) 105 and the material of the inner sole 101 are arched It is growing further. In the embodiment shown here, the shoe upper 10 5 and the insole 101 are bonded to each other by an adhesive in an overlapping area 107. You. In addition, in this embodiment, from FIGS. 11, 12, 13 and 16 As shown in FIG. 18, the insole 101 is flat except for the edge region 104. . According to FIG. 18, the outer sole 119 is joined to the outside of the inner sole 102 in this example. Is shown disassembled). The structural sole or inner sole 102 is in this case preferred, similar to the structural sole 1 described above. Specifically, it has the following features. (A) The structural sole or inner sole 102 covers substantially the entire foot area, in particular substantially All areas where the foot touches the ground with a normal foot posture on flat ground Spread throughout the body; (B) The structural sole or inner sole 102 is made of a hard and elastic material having a uniform thickness. Formed. (C) Structural sole or inner sole 102 has a cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the sole. (See especially FIG. 12). (D) the cross-sectional shape 110 extends substantially throughout the area of the sole 102; ing. (E) Spring-like sheet material has shallow grooves, steps, girders, deep grooves, and ripples Shape, beads or beads, meandering, meandering, zigzag or trapezoidal lateral Has a cross-sectional shape 10; (F) the transverse cross-sectional shape 110 repeats periodically and, if specified, In the figures, in addition to FIGS. 13, 14 and FIGS. As such, the period of the repetition depends on the longitudinal extent of the structural sole or inner sole 102. Too short. For normal and healthy feet, the cross-sectional shape is good for the vertical It preferably has an angle of 74 to 85 degrees, and in a particularly preferred embodiment, Is 77 degrees. In this embodiment, the edge region 104 extending beyond the inner bottom 102 is Passing around the entire edge of the sole 101 to the shoe upper material 105, e.g. It is firmly joined by bonding. A preferred embodiment of the process according to the invention for producing a shoe according to the invention is It is as follows. (A) Insole 5 or 101 of the type described above with reference to the drawings To manufacture. (B) Shoe upper 105, also as described above with reference to the drawings. To produce (C) As can be seen from FIG. 16, the insole 5 or 101 and the upper material 105 of the shoe are removed. , Placed on the last 111. (D) Outer bottom that extends beyond inner bottom 1 or 102 as shown in FIGS. 3 or so that the edge area 2 or 104 of the insole 5 overlaps the upper 105 of the shoe Next, adjust the last. (E) As shown in FIG. 8, FIG. 16 and FIG. At 07, the shoe upper material 105 and the insole 5 or 101 are firmly connected to each other. Combine. In this embodiment of the process according to the invention, it is shown in FIGS. As such, the insole edge region 2 or 104 is firmly attached to the shoe upper material 3 or 105. It is pre-tapered before joining. Figures 16 and 17 (Special 16 (see dotted line in FIG. 16). In the example, after gluing with the insole 5 or 101 provided, the upper of the shoe Material 3 or 105 is similarly tapered. In this way, the eighth and the first As FIG. 7 illustrates, the joining region which is smooth and almost not thick in cross section is It occurs between the upper material 3 or 105 of the shoe and the insole 5 or 101. 14th, 15th and As FIG. 16 further shows, the last 111 includes a flat lower surface 112 on which the In this case, the flat insole 101 is before the shoe upper material 105 is matched with the last. Is attached to. If the surface of the insole 5 is not flat inside, the last 111 May have a lower surface 112 adapted thereto. In addition, as apparent from FIG. 18, the thickness corresponds to the portion 114 of the last. Insole 113 is provided on the last 111, and according to FIG. An outsole 115 is provided that is glued. The basic concept of the structure of a shoe that is stable in the horizontal direction and has a flexible insole in the vertical direction is To provide an optimized ground contact system for the individual feet. This ream The link system allows the propulsion device to operate in its natural form, while standing, walking, Assures safety and secures the ground with its cushioning and precise fit. Guarantees guidance during the movement in relation to the surface. Structural sole or inner sole 1,102, outer sole 10,103 or cushioning element, if required Stability in the insole 5, 101, optionally with upper and / or lower coatings, Stepping safety and inductive phenomena are integrated into the structural sole or inner sole 1,102. Depending on the upper cushioning elements 6, 8, 16, 17, 20-30 or outer soles 10, 103 The cushioning and foot support are integrated into the structural sole or inner sole 1, 102 and the upper cushioning element Or the upper defined by the outer sole 103 and, if necessary, the upper covering 13,113. The fit inside is integrated into the structural sole or the inner sole and the inductive is the outer sole 10, 10 3 or integrated by the lower cushioning element at the bottom of the structural sole or inner sole 1, 102, Assisted by outer sole 14 or 9 as needed. This system is optimized for healthy feet and walks barefoot on an optimized floor Enable or forgive, and allow disabled feet to walk in a manner similar to natural barefoot walking So, restore function. The structural sole or inner sole 1, 102, preferably made of spring steel, has a cushioning element 6, 8, 16, 17, 20, 30 and / or outer sole 10, 103 together with a new purpose Useful. The insole 5, 101 is an upper made of shoe upper material 3, 105 and the outer sole 14, 10 9 to it and form the basis on which the insoles 13, 113 are to be placed It is not the element that defines it or the shoe according to the invention. Structural sole or ba The profile of the steel sole 1 or 102 depends on the desired shape and dimensions of the sole. side The orientation of the corrugations should match the ball line in the forefoot area . The structural sole or inner sole 1 or 102 is wrapped with a semi-outer sole 10 or a complete outer sole 103 It may be. These outer soles are preferably ground or glued. Made of materials that can be joined. In the above sense, FIGS. The illustrated cushioning element forms an outer sole completely enclosing the structural sole 1. The area of the structural sole or insole 1, 102 encompasses the maximum load area of the foot; Relatedly, the contour of the foot should be covered by the structural sole or inner sole 1,102 Greater than the maximum pressure area must be taken into account. This factor does not extend the structural sole or inner sole 1, 102 to the outer edge 116, It may be used to retract more inside the sole than the bottom edge 116. Roughly speaking, a structural sole or inner sole, preferably in the form of a core of spring steel In the case of 1, 102, the spacing between the outer edges 116 of the sole on all sides is 1 0-15%, preferably 12%, may be reduced. This ratio is calculated for points A and B (first 1) over the length of the sole 103 and also the sole width of the insole 5 or the outer sole 103 Over the corresponding structural lines at points E, F, G, H, K, L and Z It is the ratio that was obtained. This results in edge regions 2 and 104. By AK64 Should be based on insole design. Surface in the region of the structural sole of the insole 5, 101 or the spring steel core 1, 102 May be flat. Region 2, 104 in the region of the insole 5, 101, ie spring steel or In the area without the structural sole, the insole extends diagonally upwards, and Use a grinder to make room for the assembling 117 (see FIG. 16). You may be beaten. The insole 5, 101 is therefore at the outer edge (see for example FIGS. 8 and 13) It is cut down to the thickness of the upper or upper 3, 105. As a result, the stability of the instep Neither the stability of the shoe nor the sole is compromised. No midsole is required in the structural sole or insole 1,102. because The last 17 is cut down to the height of the lower midsole reinforced with the core (See FIGS. 8, 16 and 17). The shape of the last takes into account the volume of the insoles 13, 113 (see FIG. 15). This In connection with this, the depth of subduction of the insoles 13, 113 to be manufactured Should be clarified. The shape of the last is the last of the insoles 13, 113 To help secure and have a corresponding subduction depth. In particular, the last 111 Taking into account that it is flattened in the bottom area 112 if necessary, Should take into account the flat bottom 112 of the last. Because ideal This is because the round shape changes to an oval shape and the bottom surface is flattened (fourteenth, fifteenth and fifteenth). And Figure 16). As a result, if the peripheral length of the ball portion is constant, the volume of the ball portion becomes smaller. I will. Guaranteed constant ball volume as a result of measurable and computational measures To do so, the perimeter of the last is enlarged over the entire area. Core or structural sole 1 Are diagonally cut off to give a concave surface in the midsole regions 5, 101 without the Is taken into account in the shape of the last. Therefore, as a last, the portion 118 (15th portion) which is obliquely dropped on the outer edge portion is used. See figure), and in the area of the core or structural soles 1, 102 a completely flat design The upper surface of the insole, which has or is provided with projections (see FIGS. 5-8 and 10) A last with a corresponding shape is produced. Match the last from the instep area 105 117 ensures a smooth transition, thereby improving the fit of the shoe to the individual foot To do so, the obliquely dropped portion 118 may be in two stages. Structural sole or insole 1, 102 fits between foot and midsole in direction of flat surface Give sex. Insole 5, 1 without structural sole 2, 104, especially without spring steel 01, the edge regions 2, 104 are preferably in the shape of the foot. The surface is slightly concave. In this way, the last of the last To ensure that additional space exists. This concave surface is trough-shaped The resulting shape can be seen at the outer periphery of the midsole (see FIGS. 8 and 13). This tray The shape may be filled with insoles 13,113. Correspondingly, the insole 13, 1 13 is preferably a negative type with an insole shape in order to fit accurately. Softer, more flexible, midsole, structured sole or centerless edge Regions 2 and 104 improve the fit to the foot, with individual differences It is compensated by the way of fastening 113 and shoelaces. The insole 13, 113 is, for example, It has a thickness of 2 to 7 mm, preferably 5 mm. Hindfoot than forefoot area As can be said of the area, the insole should be made of high quality materials. It is removable, has good comfort and is preferably a sandwich By taking the form structure, it completely meets the requirements of foot hygiene. Insole 13 and 113 are taken into account in the design of the last 111 (see FIG. 15). Can be As a result of the laterally stable midsole, one-point intensive wear in the sole area occurs. No. Attrition is two-dimensional. As a result, the height of the sole can be reduced it can. The cross-sectional shape of the outsole 14, 115 varies depending on the type of shoe, but in principle, It is important to reduce the cross-sectional shape. The cross-sectional shape is shown in FIGS. As described above, the power consumption may be reduced by a bridge method. This saves weight and the bar on the sole To reduce the effect, thereby increasing flexibility and obtaining higher ground reaction force is there. Structural soles provided and used in shoes, insoles and manufacturing processes according to the present invention include: At least in the forefoot region of the structural sole, the lateral reinforcing direction Q is 70 ° to 86 °, preferably 74 ° to 78 ° with respect to the longitudinal axis L of It is preferably formed in such a way that it extends at an acute angle α of 77 °. (See FIGS. 1 and 12 for a non-limiting example). The acute angle α is structural from the longitudinal axis The part where the lateral reinforcement extends toward the outside of the sole of the shoe sole and the measurement point of the acute angle α Is defined as the angle between the part of the longitudinal axis L extending from You. Furthermore, the structural sole may be laterally at least in the rear region of the structural sole. Direction reinforcement direction Q is preferably from 95 ° to 120 ° with respect to the longitudinal axis L of the structural sole. From 100 ° to 115 °, particularly preferably 103 °. It is preferably formed by such a method. The angle of inclination β is from the longitudinal axis to the structural shoe The part where the lateral reinforcement extends toward the outside of the sole of the sole and the measurement point of the inclination angle β Is defined as the angle between the part of the longitudinal axis L extending from You. These angles are provided for all types of structural soles specified here Whether lateral reinforcement is obtained by internal structuring of the material of the structural sole, Or a cross-sectional shape or rigid element, e.g., extending perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the sole Irrespective of whether it is obtained by external structuring. This type of element, which makes it rigid in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the sole, is, for example, described above. 1 is a variant of the embodiment of FIG. It may also be a welt-type element 7, which is connected to the gender. FIG. 19 shows a top view of the inner bottom, which is particularly conveniently used in the present invention. It is a rigid, elastic bar with a structure that is stable in the horizontal direction and flexible in the vertical direction. Made of ne-like material. Among them, the shape where the points where power is applied in the process of walking Shown as a serpentine line 200, eg, substantially or near line 200 Similarly, the lateral cross-sectional shape extending at a right angle is indicated by Q. In this way, Structural soles or inner soles and shoes made from them are subject to biomechanical and physical laws. It should not be significantly impaired by the walking or running Instead, it is configured to be assisted and enhanced. So this is Insole or structural sole that is highly adapted to such biomechanical and physical laws This is preferably applied to the shoe as a structural sole or insole or inner sole. The best effect of the above rules, adapted to the individual intended practical application, is To give the shoes to give. Therefore, this structural sole or insole or inner sole is In the territory, specific negatives for the type of sport and / or appropriate for the feet It is designed to achieve the highest possible loading. In the process of walking, Corresponds to the phase of phase-that is, when the foot rests on the ground while walking At a moment, a ground reaction occurs. The total ground reaction is the "load line" or force. Points are on the line where the points are located. The load line is the foot from the landing point to the center of the heel. Through the outer edge of the ball, from there through the center of the ball, to the thumb or second finger. It is running with a bend. Form of lateral reinforcement with respect to the load line according to the invention The ground reaction force is most reliably from the ground to the foot and from the foot to the ground. Is transmitted. This has an accelerating effect on pedestrian or runner feet There can be. According to the present invention, shoes can be configured by the unit design system, The essential elements are the insole 5, 101, which is preferably made of spring steel, It has a corrugated core 1, 102. In the area of cores 1 and 102 The insole 5, 101 is quite flat. Edge area without center of insole 5, 101 2, 104 are the corresponding measurement axes AB, GH, EF or KL from the edge (No. (See FIG. 11) to about 12% toward the midsole region. As a result, the elements of foot guidance, stability, and stepping safety are lost. Never. The centerless edge areas 2, 104 of the insole 5, 101 are bent in the direction of the foot. And a trough-shaped shape results (see FIG. 18). Strong song without core The raised area provides space for the last. Margin 1 7 is cut down to the level of the lower surface of the midsole (FIGS. 16 and 17). The tray-shaped shape generated on the upper surface of the insole 5, 101 is filled with the insole 13, 113. Are combined. The upper surface of the insole is preferably flat, and the lower surface fits in a tray shape. It has the properties of foot support and foot hygiene to the maximum. Insole 13, 113 is good Preferably they are interchangeable. Outer sole wear occurs in two dimensions due to the laterally stable structure of the inner sole 1, 102 (I.e., not limited to a particular area of the sole), The volume can be reduced. Bar by the cores 1, 102 of the insole 5, 101 Outsole 14, 115 may be split so that no effect occurs. Therefore this The total height of the shoe bottom mold in the form of shoes can be very low and the feet close to the ground (FIG. 18). In a particular embodiment, the height breakdown is as follows: Outsole (outsole): 1-2mm Medium (bottom filler): 0 mm (because it is unnecessary) Middle sole (insole): 2mm Insole (inlay sole): 2-5mm Total height of bottom mold (sole mold): 7mm The heel is designed for the desired shoe performance. For block heels as required Articulation (joint, node joint) is incorporated. As for the insoles 13, 113, in a preferred embodiment, is important. The insole serves to receive the foot, as in sports shoes. Outside Is dropped diagonally (corresponding to last); thickness varies according to required width Include, for example, cushioning elements in the region of the heel, for example. The special advantages of the preferred embodiment of the shoe according to the invention are: Since no midsole is required, the position of the shoe can be lowered. Stability is insole bear. 1. Outsole thickness 5 mm, midsole thickness2. 5mm (without insole The foot is only 5 mm from the ground; however, preferably from spring steel The protection and stability is not lost by the effect of the insole. The structural sole or inner sole is described in European Patent Specification 0 373 336 B1 and European Patent Application 0 Various embodiments of the inlay described and illustrated in 434076A2 (public number) It can be designed and modified accordingly.

【手続補正書】【提出日】平成１１年９月６日（１９９９．９．６）【補正内容】５乃至２０％、特に１０乃至１５％、さらに特に１２％の幅を有することが好ましい。最後に、構造性靴底を超えて延在する、たとえば外底の、エッジ領域は、好ましくは中底の縁全周にわたっており、靴の上部（甲）材料にしっかりと固定されることが分かると思われるが、本発明はこれに限られず、特定の状況下や特別な靴への適用によっては、前述の靴の甲材料と中底との間の接続は、中底の一部のエッジ領域のみでも十分である。最後に、硬く弾性を有したバネ様の材料のショア硬さは、前足部の全体的踏み出しの安定が得られるように、構造性靴底の横方向の剛性が得られる範囲内にあり、及び／又は、靴の上部（甲）材料のショア硬さは、該材料が実質的に構造性靴底の材料よりも硬くないような範囲内にある。本発明による靴の製造プロセスは、（ａ）横方向は安定し、縦方向は柔軟な構造の硬く弾性を有したバネ様の材料から作られる構造性靴底と、逆に、柔らかく柔軟性のある材料から作られ、構造性靴底の縁を超えて延在し、構造性靴底にしっかりと接続されたエッジ領域とからなる中底を製造し、（ｂ）好ましくは中底ともに靴の内側に広がるようにされた靴の甲（上部）材料を製造し、（ｃ）中底と靴の甲材料を靴型に並べ、（ｄ）構造性靴底を超えて延在するエッジ領域に重なるように靴の甲（上部）材料を靴型に合わせ、（ｅ）靴の甲（上部）材料と中底を重なり領域で、中底と甲（上部）材料とからなるユニットが自己支持靴構造を形成するように、互いにしっかりと接続することを含む。ある実施態様では、中底の製造は、逆に柔らかく柔軟性のある材料から作られる構造性靴底上に外底を提供し、構造性靴底は、好ましくは慣習的方法で、外底に埋め込まれ、構造性靴底の境界を越えて延在させることを含む。本発明によるプロセスは、靴の甲材料と中底とには、その重なり領域で互いに向かい合うように断面においてテーパーがつけられており、中底は好ましくは靴この場合構造性靴底又は内底１０２を越えて広がる外底１０３のエッジ領域１０４は靴の甲材料１０５に、重なり領域１０７（特に第１６、１７図を見よ）において、中底と上部（甲）材料とからなるユニットが自己支持靴構造を形成するように、強固に接合されている。第１３、１４、１７図及び第１８図が示すように、靴の甲材料１０５及び中底１０１は重なり領域１０７において断面でテーパーがつけられている。すなわち、外底１０３のエッジ領域１０４と、それに接合するべき靴の甲材料１０５のエッジ領域１０８は斜めに削り落とされている。この場合、第１８図によれば、本発明による靴の実施態様の重なり領域１０７の断面において靴の甲材料（上部材料）１０５及び中底１０１の材料はアーチ状をなしてさらに伸びている。ここに図示された実施態様の場合、靴の甲材料１０５と中底１０１は重なり領域１０７において接着剤によって互いに接合されている。付け加えれば、この実施態様において、第１１、１２、１３図及び第１６から１８図までが示すように、中底１０１はエッジ領域１０４を除いては平坦である。第１８図によれば、中底１０２の外側には表底１１９が接合される(この例では分解した状態で図示されている)。構造性靴底又は内底１０２はこの場合、前述した構造性靴底１と同様に、好ましくは次の特徴を有している。（ａ）構造性靴底又は内底１０２は実質的に足の領域全体に、特に実質的に足の接地領域（平地において正常な足の姿勢で足が地面に接触する領域）全体に広がっている；（ｂ）構造性靴底又は内底１０２は均一な厚さの硬くて弾性のある材料で一体に形成される。（ｃ）構造性靴底又は内底１０２は靴底の縦方向とは直角の方向に断面形状を有している(特に第１２図を見よ)。（ｄ）横方向断面形状１１０は実質的に靴底１０２の領域全体にわたって伸びている。（ｅ）バネ様のシート材料は浅溝付き、段付き、桁付き、深溝付き、さざなみ状、ビーズないし数珠玉状、蛇行形、蛇行状、ジグザグ又は台形状の横方向断面形状１０を有している；（ｆ）横方向断面形状１１０は周期的に反復し、かつ特定すれば、特に第１２図に、これに加えて第１３、１４図及び第１６から１８図までに明らかなように、その反復の周期は構造性靴底又は内底１０２の縦方向の広がりよりも短い。正常で健康な足に対しては横方向断面形状は縦方向に対して好ましくは７４度から８５度の角度を有し、特に好ましい態様においてはこの角度は７７度である。この実施態様においては、内底１０２を越えて広がるエッジ領域１０４は、中底１０１の縁部全体のまわりを通って、靴の甲材料１０５に、例えば接着剤による接着によって、強固に接合される。本発明による靴を製造するための、本発明による工程の、好ましい実施態様は次の通りである。（ａ）以上において図面の図を参照して説明された形式の中底５又は１０１を製作する。（ｂ）同じく以上において図面を参照して説明されたような靴の甲材料１０５を製作する。（ｃ）第１６図からわかるように、中底５又は１０１及び靴の甲材料１０５を、靴型１１１上に配置する。（ｄ）第８及び１６図に示されるように内底１又は１０２を越えて広がる外底３又は中底５のエッジ領域２又は１０４が靴の甲材料１０５と重なるように、靴型合わせする。（ｅ）第８図、第１６図及び第１７図に示されるように、重なり領域４又は１０７において、靴の甲材料１０５と中底５又は１０１を、中底と上部（甲）材料とからなるユニットが自己支持靴構造を形成するように、互いに強固に接合する。本発明による工程の、本実施態様においては、第８、１３及び１４図に示されるように、中底のエッジ領域２又は１０４は靴の甲材料３又は１０５に強固に接合される以前に、あらかじめテーパーがつけられている。第１６及び１７図（特請求の範囲１．（ａ）横方向は安定し、縦方向は柔軟な構造の硬くて弾性を有したバネ様の材料から作られる構造性靴底（１，１０２）と、逆に、柔らかく柔軟性のある材料から作られ、構造性靴底（１，１０２）の縁を超えて延在し、構造性靴底にしっかりと接続されたエッジ領域（２，１０４）とを含む中底（５，１０１）と、（ｂ）中底（５，１０１）に接続され、また中底（５，１０１）ともに靴の内側（１０６）に隣接する靴の上部材料（３，１０５）と、を含む靴であって、構造性靴底（１，１０２）の縁を超えて延在する中底（５，１０１）のエッジ領域（２，１０４）は、靴の上部材料（３，１０５）に重なり、重なった領域（４，１０７）で靴の上部材料（３，１０５）にしっかりと接続され、よって中底（５，１０１）と靴の上部材料（３，１０５）のセットが自己支持靴構造を形成する靴。２．請求の範囲第１項による靴において、靴の上部材料（３，１０５）及び中底（５，１０１）は重なり領域（４，１０７）において互いに向かい合うように断面にテーパーがつけられていることを特徴とする靴。３．請求の範囲第１項又は２項による靴において、靴の上部材料（３，１０５）及び中底（５，１０１）の材料は、重なり領域（４，１０７）において断面が弧状に延在することを特徴とする靴。４．請求の範囲第１項、２項又は３項による靴において、靴の上部材料（３，１０５）と中底（５，１０１）は接着によって重なり領域（４，１０７）において接続されていることを特徴とする靴。５．請求の範囲第１項乃至４項のいずれかひとつによる靴において、構造性靴底（１，１０２）を超えて延在するエッジ領域（２，１０４）は、関連した側方エッジ領域における中底の幅の、又は、関連した前方及び後方エッジ領域における中底の長さの５乃至２０％、好ましくは１０乃至１５％、さらに特に好ましくは１２％の幅を有することを特徴とする靴。６．請求の範囲第１項乃至５項のいずれかひとつによる靴において、構造性靴底（１，１０２）を超えて延在するエッジ領域（２，１０４）は、中底（５、１０１）の縁全周、又は、中底の縁の一部にわたっており、中底（５，１０１）の縁全周又は中底の縁の一部で靴の甲材料（３、１０５）にしっかりと接続されていることを特徴とする靴。７．請求の範囲第１乃至６項のいずれかひとつによる靴において、構造性靴底（１，１０２）が、次の特徴を有することを特徴とする靴。（ａ）構造性靴底（１，１０２）は、少なくとも前足部分のほぼ全体に、好ましくは足裏の面積ほぼ全体にわたって、もしくは、足の接地領域全体にわたって延在し；（ｂ）構造性靴底（１，１０２）は、均一な厚さの硬くて弾性のあるシート材料から一体に形成され：（ｃ）構造性靴底（１，１０２）は、靴底の縦方向に対して直角に輪郭付けられ；（ｄ）横方向断面形状（１１０）は、少なくとも前足部領域のほぼ全体に、好ましくは足裏の面積ほぼ全体にわたって、もしくは、足の接地領域ほぼ全体にわたって延在し；（ｅ）弾性シート材料は、浅溝付き、段付き、桁付き、深溝付き、ビード状ないし数珠玉状、蛇行形、蛇行状、ジグザグ又は台形状の横方向断面形状（１１０）を有し、（ｆ）横方向断面形状（１１０）は、靴の長さよりも実質的に短い周期間隔で周期的に反復する。８．請求の範囲第１乃至７項のいずれかひとつによる靴において、構造性靴底（１，１０２）は、縦方向は柔軟で、幅方向に横に硬くされたバネ鋼、又は、ひとつ以上の平板もしくは平たい材料からなることを特徴とする靴。９．請求の範囲第１乃至８項のいずれかひとつによる靴において、中底（５、１０１）は請求の範囲第２５乃至５２のいずれかひとつによる中底であることを特徴とする靴。１０．請求の範囲第１乃至９項のいずれかひとつによる靴において、硬く弾性を有したバネ様の材料、のショア硬さは、前足部の全体的踏み出しの安定が保証されるように、構造性靴底（１，１０２）の横方向の剛性が得られる範囲内にあり、及び／又は、靴の上部材料（３，１０５）のショア硬さは、該材料が実質的に構造性靴底（１，１０２）の材料よりも硬くないような範囲内にあることを特徴とする靴。１１．請求の範囲第１乃至１０項のいずれかひとつによる靴において、表底( １４，１１５)は、中底（５、１０１）の外側に取り付けられていることを特徴とする靴。１２．請求の範囲第１乃至１１項のいずれかひとつによる靴において、中底( １０１)は、硬くて弾性を有したバネ様の材料とは逆に、柔らかくて柔軟性のある外包材料から作られた表底（１０３）を有し、構造性靴底（１０２）は中底として好ましくは慣習的な方法で表底に埋められ、表底（１０３）は構造性靴底（１０２）の境界（１０２ａ）を越えて延在し、そこでエッジ領域を形成することを特徴とする靴。１３．請求の範囲第１２項による靴において、外包材料は、革、ゴム、天然ゴム、プラスチック、コルク組成材、又は、プラスチック及び／又はコルク粉及び／又は繊維材料を含有する複合材からなることを特徴とする靴。１４．請求の範囲第１２項又は１３項による靴において、内底の領域において、中底（５）は上側が平坦であることを特徴とする靴。１５．請求の範囲第１項乃至１１項のいずれかひとつによる靴において、硬くて弾性を有したバネ様の材料とは逆に、柔らかくて弾性を有したバネ様の材料から作られた緩衝要素（６，８，１６．１７，２０〜３０）は、構造性靴底（１）の上側及び／又は下側に設けられ、かつ、中底（５）の上側及び／又は下側において、構造性靴底（１）の上側及び／又は下側を、好ましくは断面領域を、超えて、弾性的に曲がる個別の突起として、突出することを特徴とする靴。１６．(ａ) 横方向は安定し、縦方向は柔軟な構造の硬く弾性を有したバネ様の材料から作られる構造性靴底（１，１０２）と、逆に、柔らかく柔軟性のある材料から作られ、構造性靴底（１，１０２）の縁を超えて延在し、構造性靴底（１，１０２）にしっかりと接続されたエッジ領域（２，１０４）とを含む中底（５，１０１）を製造し、（ｂ）好ましくは中底ともに靴の内側（１０６）に広がるようにされた靴の上部材料（３，１０５）を製造し、（ｃ）中底（５，１０１）と靴の上部材料（３，１０５）を靴型（１１１）にて整え、（ｄ）構造性靴底（１，１０２）を超えて延在するエッジ領域（２，１０４）に重なるように靴の上部材料（３，１０５）を靴型に合わせ、（ｅ）中底（５，１０１）及び靴の上部材料（３，１０５）よりなるユニットが自己支持靴構造を形成するように、靴の上部材料（３，１０５）と中底（５，１０１）を重なり領域（４，１０７）で互いにしっかりと接続することを含む靴の製造方法。１７．請求の範囲第１６項による方法において、その重なり領域（４，１０７）における靴の上部材料（３，１０５）と中底（５，１０１）とには、互いに向かい合うように断面においてテーパーがつけられており、中底のエッジ領域（２，１０４）は靴の上部材料（３，１０５）にしっかりと接続される前にテーパーがつけられ、一方、靴の上部材料（３，１０５）は、好ましくは、中底（５，１０１）にしっかりと接続された後にのみテーパーが付けられることを特徴とする靴の製造方法。１８．請求の範囲第１６項又は１７項による方法において、靴の上部材料（３，１０５）は、接着によって重なり領域（４，１０７）において中底（５，１０１）にしっかりと接続されることを特徴とする靴の製造方法。１９．請求の範囲第１６項、１７項又は１８項による方法において、特定の足のサイズと中敷き（１３，１１３）又は足受けの有効な厚みとを足した厚みに相当する厚みの靴型（１１１）を使用することを特徴とする靴の製造方法。２０．請求の範囲第１６項乃至１９項のいずれかひとつによる方法において、構造性靴底（１，１０２）の領域において上側が平坦な中底（５，１０１）とともに平坦な下面（１１２）を有する靴型（１１１）を使用することを特徴とする靴の製造方法。２１．請求の範囲第１６項乃至２０項のいずれかひとつによる方法において、さらに、表底（１４，１１５）が中底（５，１０１）に取り付けられることを特徴とする靴の製造方法。２２．請求の範囲第１６項乃至２１項のいずれかひとつによる方法において、中底（１０１）の製造は、硬くて弾性を有したバネ様の材料とは逆に、柔らかくて柔軟性のある外包材料から作られた外底（１０３）の製造を含み、構造性靴底（１０２）は内底として好ましくは確実な方法で外底（１０３）に埋められ、該外底（１０３）は構造性靴底（１０２）の境界（１０２ａ）を越えて延在し、そこでエッジ領域を形成することを特徴とする靴の製造方法。２３．請求の範囲第１６項乃至２１項のいずれかひとつによるプロセスにおいて、請求の範囲第２５〜５２項のいずれかひとつによる中底（５）を使用し、中底（５）の製造は、硬くて弾性を有したバネ様の材料とは逆に、柔らかくて柔軟性のある材料から作られた緩衝要素（６，８，１６，１７，２０〜３０）が、中底（５）の上側及び／又は下側において、構造性靴底（１，１０２）の上側及び／又は下側、好ましくは断面領域、を超えて、弾性的に曲がる個別の突起として突出するものであり、構造性靴底（１）の上側及び／又は下側に設けられることを、含むことを特徴とする靴の製造方法。２４．ハウスシューズ、ストリートシューズ、ワーキングシューズ、治療用シューズ又はスポーツシューズとして、特に、ゴルフシューズ、テニスシューズ、ジョギングシューズ、インドアスポーツシューズ、アスレチックシューズ、アウトドアスポーツシューズ、ハイジャンプシューズ、ダンスシューズ、又は登山用シューズとしての請求の範囲第１項乃至１５項のいずれかひとつによる靴の使用。２５．特に、請求の範囲第１項〜１５項のいずれかひとつによる靴、及び、また特に、請求の範囲第１６〜２３項のいずれかひとつによる方法のための中底であって、（ａ）横方向は安定し、縦方向は柔軟な構造の硬く弾性を有したバネ様の材料から作られる構造性靴底（１）と、（ｂ）逆に、柔らかく弾性を有したバネ様の材料から作られた緩衝要素（６，８，１６，１７，２０〜３０）であって、硬く弾性を有したバネ様の材料の上側及び／又は下側に設けられ、かつ、中底（５）の上側及び／又は下側において、構造性靴底（１）の上側及び／又は下側を、好ましくはその断面領域を、少なくとも部分的に超えて、弾性的に曲がる個別の突起として、突出する緩衝要素と、を含む中底。２６．請求の範囲第２５項による中底において、緩衝要素（６，８，１６，１７，２０〜３０）は、個別の、塊状の緩衝要素(６，８，１６)、及び／又は、構造性靴底（１）と一体の緩衝要素（１７，２０〜３０の形態をとることを特徴とする中底。２７．請求の範囲第２６項による中底において、個別の、塊状の緩衝要素（６，８，１６）の寸法は、中底の幅に対して小さいことを特徴とする中底。２８．請求の範囲第２６項又は２７項による中底において、個別の、塊状の緩衝要素（６，８，１６）は、規則正しく形成された立体であり、好ましくは、球体、６面体、円筒体、立方体、角柱体、ひし形体、又は錐体であることを特徴とする中底。２９．請求の範囲第２６項又は２８項による中底において、個別の、塊状の緩衝要素（６，８，１６）は、構造性靴底の特定の幅を超えて延在し、好ましくは輪郭付けられ、及び／又は突出部及び凹部が設けられた棒状の緩衝要素であることを特徴とする中底。３０．請求の範囲第２５項乃至２９項による中底において、緩衝要素（６，８，１６，１７，２０〜３０）は、異なる材料特性、特に、異なるショア硬度値、変形に対する抵抗力、及び／又は、レジリエンスを有することを特徴とする中底。３１．請求の範囲第２５項乃至３０項による中底において、構造性靴底（１）は、その上側及び／又は下側上の凹部（７，８）と突出部（１２，１８）とを含み、好ましくは、規則正しく、特に好ましくは、構造性靴底の特定の幅全体にわたって、又は、構造性靴底の一部分を超えて延在する横方向断面形状に整列されて、形成される中底。３２．請求の範囲第２６項乃至３１項による中底において、個別の、塊状の緩衝要素（６，８，１６）は、構造性靴底（１）の上側及び／又は下側の凹部（７，９）に設けられ、及び／又は、構造性靴底（１）と一体である緩衝要素（１７、２０〜３０）は、造性靴底（１）の凹部（７）内及び／又は突出部（１８）上にしっかりと取りつけられ、構造性靴底（１）の上側及び／又は下側に好ましくは加硫又は接着で、しっかりと取り付けられた柔らかく弾性を有したバネ様の材料から作られたカバーに付属する突起として形成される中底。３３．請求の範囲第３１項又は３２項による中底において、緩衝要素（６，８，１６，１７，２０〜３０）によって形成された柔らかくて弾性を有したバネ様の材料から作られた突起は、（ａ）それぞれ、構造性靴底（１）の上側の突出部（１８）上に、又は、凹部（７）上に、又は突出部（１８）上と凹部（７）上の両方に、及び／又は、（ｂ）それぞれ、構造性靴底（１）の下側の突出部（１２）上に、又は、凹部（９）上に、又は突出部（１２）上と凹部（９）上の両方において、構造性靴底（１）の所定の表面領域もしくは構造性靴底（１）の表面全体に設けられることを特徴とする中底。３４．請求の範囲第３３項による中底において、緩衝要素(６，１６，２０，２１)によって形成された柔らかく弾性を有したバネ様の材料から作られた突起は、構造性靴底（１）の上側及び／又は下側の凹部（７，９）上の構造性靴底（１）の所定の表面領域又は表面全体に設けられていることを特徴とする中底。３５．請求の範囲第３３項又は第３４項による中底において、緩衝要素（２２，２３）によって形成された柔らかく弾性を有したバネ様の材料から作られた突起は、構造性靴底（１）の上側及び／又は下側の凹部（１２，１８）上の構造性靴底（１）の所定の表面領域又は表面全体に設けられていることを特徴とする中底。３６．請求の範囲第３３項、３４項又は３５項による中底において、緩衝要素（６，１７，２４，２５）によって形成された柔らかく弾性を有したバネ様の材料から作られた突起は、（ａ）その凹部（７）上の構造性靴底（１）の上側上と、（ｂ）その突出部（１２）上の構造性靴底（１）の下側上に構造性靴底（１）の所定の表面領域又は表面全体に設けられていることを特徴とする中底。３７．請求の範囲第３３項乃至３６項のいずれかひとつによる中底において、緩衝要素（２６、２７）によって形成された柔らかく弾性を有したバネ様の材料から作られた突起は、（ａ）その突出部（１８）上の構造性靴底（１）の上側上と、（ｂ）その凹部（９）上の構造性靴底（１）の下側上に構造性靴底（１）の所定の表面領域又は表面全体に設けられていることを特徴とする中底。３８．請求の範囲第３３項による中底において、緩衝要素（２９，３０）によって形成された柔らかく弾性を有したバネ様の材料から作られた突起は、構造性靴底（１）の所定の表面領域又は表面全体に、構造性靴底（１）の上側及び／又は下側において、その突出部（１２，１８）及び凹部（７，９）上に交互に設けられていることを特徴とする中底。３９．請求の範囲第２５項乃至３８項のいずれかひとつによる中底において、構造性靴底（１）の所定の表面領域又は表面全体に、中底（５）の上側及び／又は下側上において、柔らかく弾性を有したバネ様の材料から作られる突起間に位置する谷間の床は、同様に柔らかく弾性を有したバネ様の材料からなることを特徴とする中底。４０．請求の範囲第３９項による中底において、柔らかく弾性を有したバネ様の材料の谷間の床は、構造性靴底（１）の上側及び／又は下側の凹部の高さの領域内で、構造性靴底（１）の所定の表面領域又は表面全体に配されていることを特徴とする中底。４１．請求の範囲第３９項又は４０項による中底において、柔らかく弾性を有したバネ様の材料の谷間の床は、構造性靴底（１）の上側及び／又は下側の凹部の高さの領域の外側、特に断面領域の外側に、構造性靴底（１）の所定の表面領域又は表面全体に配されていることを特徴とする中底。４２．請求の範囲第２５項乃至４１項のいずれかひとつによる中底において、構造性靴底（１）の所定の表面領域又は表面全体において、柔らかく弾性を有したバネ様の材料から作られる突起間に位置する谷間の床は、構造性靴底（１）の材料によって、中底の上側及び／又は下側上に形成されることを特徴とする中底。４３．請求の範囲第２５項乃至４２項のいずれかひとつによる中底において、緩衝要素（６，８，１６，１７，２０〜３０）により形成された突起上に、中底（５）の上側及び／又は下側に被覆（１３，１４）が配され、柔らかく弾性を有したバネ様の材料の突起間に位置する谷は、被覆（１３，１４）と協働して、好ましくは空気又は他の圧縮性流体もしくは材料で充満された密閉室（１９）を画定するように、好ましくは、中底の上側及び／又は下側上に、構造性靴底（１）の所定の表面領域又は表面全体に形成、又は、被覆（１３，１４）によって架橋されることを特徴とする中底。４４．請求の範囲第４３項による中底において、中底（５）の上側上の被覆（１３）は、好ましくは、取替え可能な足受けであることを特徴とする中底。４５．請求の範囲第４３項又は４４項による中底において、中底（５）の下側上の被覆（１４）は、好ましくは中底に接着された、また、好ましくは、輪郭付けられた突起やこぶなどの、表底突起（１５）からなる、表底であることを特徴とする中底。４６．請求の範囲第４５項による中底において、表底突起（１５）は、中底（５）の表面全体又は所定の表面領域において、構造性靴底（１）の下側上に配された柔らかく弾性を有したバネ様の材料からなる突起上に配され、表底突起（１５）は、好ましくは、構造性靴底（１）の下側上の柔らかい弾性を有したバネ様の材料から作られる緩衝要素（１６，１７）の突起と実質的に同間隔及び／又は実質的に同じ幅を有することを特徴とする中底。４７．請求の範囲第４５項又は４６項による中底において、中底（５）の上側上の被覆（１３）及び／又は中底（５）の下側上の被覆（１４）は、緩衝要素（６，８，１６，１７，２０〜３０）の柔らかい弾性を有したバネ様の材料と異なるショア硬さ、好ましくは、より高いショア硬さを有することを特徴とする中底。４８．請求の範囲第２５項乃至４７項のいずれかひとつによる中底において、緩衝要素（６，８，１６，１７，２０〜３０）の柔らかい弾性を有したバネ様の材料は、中底（５）の上側において、中底の下側とは異なる、ひとつ以上の材料特性、特に、ショア硬さを有し、及び／又は、緩衝要素（６，８，１６，１７，２０〜３０）の柔らかい弾性を有したバネ様の材料は、中底（５）の上側及び／又は下側のいろいろな表面領域で、異なる材料特性、特に、ショア硬度値を有することを特徴とする中底。４９．請求の範囲第２５項乃至４８項のいずれかひとつによる中底において、構造性靴底（１）の凹部（７，９）は、その所定の表面領域又は表面全体又はその下側が好ましくは柔らかい弾性を有したバネ様の充填材料（１０）で埋められ、その表面は好ましくは平坦であり、構造性靴底（１）の上側又は下側の突出部（１２，１８）の一番高い位置に、又は、その上又は下に、位置することを特徴とする中底。５０．請求の範囲第２５項乃至４９項のいずれかひとつによる中底において、硬くて弾性を有したバネ様の材料は、バネ鋼及び／又は、逆に柔らかくて弾性を有したバネ様の材料は、ゴム、天然ゴム及び／又はエラストマー材料であることを特徴とする中底。５１．請求の範囲第２５項乃至５０項のいずれかひとつによる中底において、中底（５）は、少なくとも構造性靴底（１）の縁に接続され、かつ、構造性靴底（１）の縁を超えて延在する、柔らかい、好ましくは弾性のある材料から作られたエッジ領域（２）を備え、前記エッジ材料は、靴の製造の途中で、中底（５）と靴の上部材料（３）とのセットが自己支持靴構造を形成するように、靴の上部材料（３）と重なり、その重なり領域において靴の上部材料（３）にしっかりと接続されるに適しており、エッジ領域（２）は、外側に向かう方向にテーパーがつけられ、及び／又は弧状に上に向かって伸びる断面形状に形成されることを特徴とする中底。５２．請求の範囲第２５項乃至第５１項のいずれかひとつによる中底において、構造性靴底（１）は、請求の範囲第７項に特定された特徴を有することを特徴とする中底。５３．請求の範囲第２５項乃至５２項のいずれかひとつによる中底において、構造性靴底は、好ましくは、足裏全体にわたって延在し、（ａ）歩くとき、力のかかるポイントは、着地点から、足の外側の縁の領域において踵の中心又は中央を通り、そこからボールの中心又は中央を通り、さらに親指又は第二指へと、走る負荷線（２００）に沿って生じ、（ｂ）横方向補強方向Ｑは、力のかかるポイントの線（２００）に実質的に垂直に延在するか、構造性靴底の縦方向軸に対して異なる傾斜角のいくつかの領域を含むことを特徴とする中底。５４．スポーツシューズ、ハウスシューズ、ストリートシューズ、治療用シューズ又はワーキングシューズとして、特に、ゴルフシューズ、テニスシューズ、ジョギングシューズ、インドアスポーツシューズ、アスレチックシューズ、アウトドアスポーツシューズ、ハイジャンプシューズ、ダンスシューズ、又は登山用シューズとしての請求の範囲第２５項乃至５３項のいずれかひとつによる中底の使用。５５．請求の範囲第１乃至５３項のいずれかひとつによる靴、中底、方法又は使用において、構造性靴底（１）は、欧州特許明細書０３７３３３６Ｂ１又は公開番号０４３４０７６Ａ２を持つ欧州特許出願に記述、表示及び／又はクレームされたインレイであることを特徴とする靴、中底、方法又は使用。[Procedure amendment] [Submission Date] September 6, 1999 (September 9, 1999) [Correction contents] It preferably has a width of 5 to 20%, in particular 10 to 15%, more particularly 12%. New Finally, an edge region extending beyond the structural sole, for example on the outsole, is preferred. Or around the edge of the insole, and is firmly fixed to the upper (upper) material of the shoe It will be understood that the present invention is not limited to this Depending on the application to the shoe, the connection between the aforementioned shoe upper material and the insole may be part of the insole. The edge region alone is sufficient. Finally, the shore hardness of a hard, elastic, spring-like material is determined by the overall forefoot tread. In order to secure the stability of the shoe, it should be within the range where the lateral rigidity of the structural sole can be obtained. And / or the Shore hardness of the upper material of the shoe is such that the material is substantially structural It is in a range that is not harder than the material of the sole. The manufacturing process of the shoe according to the present invention comprises: (A) A spring-like material that is stable in the horizontal direction and flexible in the vertical direction and has a hard and elastic structure Made from soft soles and, conversely, made from soft and flexible materials , Extending beyond the edge of the structural sole and securely connected to the structural sole Manufacturing an insole consisting of (B) Upper (upper) material of the shoe, preferably with the insole spread inside the shoe Manufactures (C) Line up the insole and shoe upper material in the last, (D) the upper of the shoe so as to overlap the edge region extending beyond the structural sole (top) Match the material to the last, (E) The upper (upper) material of the shoe and the insole overlap in the area where the insole and upper (upper) material overlap. Firmly connected to each other so that the units consist of a self-supporting shoe structure Including. In some embodiments, the manufacture of the midsole is made from a softer, more flexible material. Providing an outer sole on the structural sole, wherein the structural sole is preferably provided in a conventional manner. And extending beyond the boundaries of the structural sole. The process according to the invention provides that the upper material of the shoe and the insole are mutually Facing in cross section so that they face each other, the insole is preferably a shoe In this case, the edge region 1 of the outer sole 103 which extends beyond the structural sole or inner sole 102 04 in the upper 105 of the shoe, in the overlap area 107 (especially see FIGS. 16 and 17) The unit consisting of the insole and the upper (upper) material forms a self-supporting shoe structure As such, they are firmly joined. As shown in FIGS. 13, 14, 17 and 18, the shoe upper material 105 and the insole Reference numeral 101 denotes a tapered section in the overlapping region 107. Ie The edge area 104 of the outer sole 103 and the shoe upper material 105 to be joined to it. The edge region 108 is cut off diagonally. In this case, according to FIG. 18, the overlap area 107 of the embodiment of the shoe according to the invention In the cross section, the material of the shoe upper material (upper material) 105 and the material of the inner sole 101 are arched It is growing further. In the embodiment shown here, the shoe upper 10 5 and the insole 101 are bonded to each other by an adhesive in an overlapping area 107. You. In addition, in this embodiment, from FIGS. 11, 12, 13 and 16 As shown in FIG. 18, the insole 101 is flat except for the edge region 104. . According to FIG. 18, the outer sole 119 is joined to the outside of the inner sole 102 in this example. Is shown disassembled). The structural sole or inner sole 102 is in this case preferred, similar to the structural sole 1 described above. Specifically, it has the following features. (A) The structural sole or inner sole 102 covers substantially the entire foot area, in particular substantially All areas where the foot touches the ground with a normal foot posture on flat ground Spread throughout the body; (B) The structural sole or inner sole 102 is made of a hard and elastic material having a uniform thickness. Formed. (C) Structural sole or inner sole 102 has a cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the sole. (See especially FIG. 12). (D) the cross-sectional shape 110 extends substantially throughout the area of the sole 102; ing. (E) Spring-like sheet material has shallow grooves, steps, girders, deep grooves, and ripples Shape, beads or beads, meandering, meandering, zigzag or trapezoidal lateral Has a cross-sectional shape 10; (F) the transverse cross-sectional shape 110 repeats periodically and, if specified, In the figures, in addition to FIGS. 13, 14 and FIGS. As such, the period of the repetition depends on the longitudinal extent of the structural sole or inner sole 102. Too short. For normal and healthy feet, the cross-sectional shape is good for the vertical It preferably has an angle of 74 to 85 degrees, and in a particularly preferred embodiment, Is 77 degrees. In this embodiment, the edge region 104 extending beyond the inner bottom 102 is Passing around the entire edge of the sole 101 to the shoe upper material 105, e.g. It is firmly joined by bonding. A preferred embodiment of the process according to the invention for producing a shoe according to the invention is It is as follows. (A) Insole 5 or 101 of the type described above with reference to the drawings To manufacture. (B) Shoe upper 105, also as described above with reference to the drawings. To produce (C) As can be seen from FIG. 16, the insole 5 or 101 and the upper material 105 of the shoe are removed. , Placed on the last 111. (D) Outer bottom that extends beyond inner bottom 1 or 102 as shown in FIGS. 3 or so that the edge area 2 or 104 of the insole 5 overlaps the upper 105 of the shoe Next, adjust the last. (E) As shown in FIG. 8, FIG. 16 and FIG. At 07, the shoe upper material 105 and the insole 5 or 101 are placed on the insole and upper ) The units made of material form a self-supporting shoe structure, Join firmly. In this embodiment of the process according to the invention, it is shown in FIGS. As such, the insole edge region 2 or 104 is firmly attached to the shoe upper material 3 or 105. It is pre-tapered before joining. Figures 16 and 17 (Special The scope of the claims 1. (A) A rigid and elastic spring with a stable structure in the horizontal direction and a flexible structure in the vertical direction Shoe sole (1,102) made from similar materials, and, on the contrary, soft and flexible And extending beyond the edge of the structural sole (1,102), An insole (5,101) including an edge region (2,104) securely connected to the When, (B) connected to the midsole (5,101), and both the midsole (5,101) A shoe upper material (3,105) adjacent to the side (106); A shoe comprising Edge of the insole (5,101) extending beyond the edge of the structural sole (1,102) The area (2,104) overlaps the upper material of the shoe (3,105) and the overlapping area ( 4,107) is firmly connected to the upper material of the shoe (3,105) and thus the insole Set of (5,101) and shoe upper material (3,105) form a self-supporting shoe structure Shoes to do. 2. A shoe according to claim 1, wherein the upper material (3,105) and the middle of the shoe. So that the bottoms (5,101) face each other in the overlap area (4,107) Shoes with a tapered cross section. 3. 3. A shoe according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the upper material of the shoe (3,105). ) And the material of the insole (5,101) have a cross-section in the overlap region (4,107). A shoe extending in an arc shape. 4. 4. The shoe according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the upper material (3, 105) and the insole (5,101) in the overlap area (4,107) by bonding Shoes that are connected. 5. A shoe according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the shoe is structural The edge area (2,104) extending beyond the bottom (1,102) is At the width of the midsole in the edge area or at the associated front and rear edge areas 5 to 20% of the length of the insole, preferably 10 to 15%, more preferably Shoes having a width of 12%. 6. A shoe according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the shoe is structural. The edge region (2, 104) extending beyond the bottom (1, 102) is the midsole (5, 1). 01) or over part of the edge of the midsole, and the midsole (5,101) It is firmly connected to the shoe upper material (3, 105) around the entire edge or part of the insole Shoes. 7. A shoe according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it has a structural sole. A shoe characterized in that (1,102) has the following features. (A) The structural sole (1,102) is preferred over at least substantially the entire forefoot portion. Or the entire foot area, or the entire foot contact area. Extending straight; (B) The structural sole (1, 102) is a hard and elastic sheet material of uniform thickness Formed from the material: (C) The structural sole (1, 102) is contoured at right angles to the longitudinal direction of the sole. Re; (D) The cross-sectional shape (110) is good at least over substantially the entire forefoot region. Preferably, almost the entire foot area or almost the entire foot contact area Extending over the body; (E) The elastic sheet material is made of shallow groove, step, girder, deep groove, bead Cross-sectional shape of a bead, meandering, meandering, zigzag or trapezoidal 110) (F) the cross-sectional shape (110) is at periodic intervals substantially shorter than the length of the shoe; Repeat periodically. 8. A shoe according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the sole is structural. (1,102) is a spring steel which is flexible in the vertical direction and hard in the width direction, or A shoe comprising at least one flat or flat material. 9. The shoe according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the insole (5, 101) is an insole according to any one of claims 25 to 52 Features shoes. 10. In a shoe according to any one of claims 1 to 9,, HardElasticity The shore hardness of the spring-like material, which has the assurance of overall forefoot stabilization To be,Within a range where the lateral rigidity of the structural sole (1, 102) can be obtained. And / or Shore hardness of the upper material (3,105) of the shoe is:The materialIs substantial Especially within a range that is not harder than the material of the structural sole (1,102). Shoes 11. The shoe according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the outsole ( 14, 115) is attached to the outside of the midsole (5, 101). And shoes. 12. The shoe according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the insole ( 101) is soft and flexible, contrary to a hard, elastic, spring-like material. Outsole (103) made from an outer wrapping material, the structural sole (102) having an insole And preferably buried in the outsole in a conventional manner, the outsole (103) being a structural sole ( 102) extending beyond the boundary (102a) of which the edge region is formed Shoes. 13. 13. A shoe according to claim 12, wherein the outer packaging material is leather, rubber, natural rubber. Plastic, cork composition, or plastic and / or cork powder and Shoes comprising a composite material containing a fiber material. 14． 14. A shoe according to claim 12 or 13, wherein in the region of the inner sole , Midsole (5) Is a shoe characterized in that the upper side is flat. 15. The shoe according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the shoe is hard. Soft and elastic spring-like material as opposed to elastic and spring-like material Cushioning elements (6,8,16.17,20-30) made from structural soles (1) Above and / or below the insole, and above and / or below the insole (5). And above the upper and / or lower side of the structural sole (1), preferably beyond the cross-sectional area Shoes that protrude as individual projections that bend elastically. 16. (a) Stable in the horizontal direction and flexible in the vertical direction. Structural soles made from materials (1,102) and, conversely, soft and flexible materials And extending beyond the edge of the structural sole (1,102) and forming the structural sole (1 , 102) with an edge region (2, 104) firmly connected to , 101). (B) on the shoe, preferably adapted to extend on the inside (106) of the shoe together with the insole Producing part materials (3,105), (C) The insole (5,101) and the upper material (3,105) of the shoe are converted into the last (111). Tidy, (D) an edge region (2,104) extending beyond the structural sole (1,102); Match the upper material (3,105) of the shoe to the last so that it overlaps the (E)A unit consisting of an insole (5,101) and a shoe upper material (3,105) Form a self-supporting shoe structure,Shoe top material (3,105) and midsole (5,101) are firmly connected to each other in the overlapping area (4,107) And a method for producing shoes. 17． 17. The method according to claim 16, wherein the overlap region (4,107) ), The upper material (3,105) and the midsole (5,101) of the shoe are facing each other. It is tapered in cross section to fit, and the midsole edge region (2 , 104) taper before being firmly connected to the upper material (3, 105) of the shoe While the upper material of the shoe (3,105) is preferably insole (5,1 01) is characterized by being tapered only after being firmly connected to How to make shoes. 18. 18. The method according to claim 16 or 17, wherein the upper material (3) of the shoe. , 105) are glued to the midsole (5, 10) in the overlapping area (4, 107). A method for producing shoes, characterized in that the shoe is firmly connected to (1). 19. A method according to claim 16, 17 or 18, wherein the specific foot The thickness of the inlay (13, 113) or the effective thickness of the footrest A method for manufacturing a shoe, comprising using a last (111) having a corresponding thickness. 20. A method according to any one of claims 16 to 19, An inner sole (5, 101) having a flat upper side in the region of the structural sole (1, 102); Characterized in that a last (111) having a flat lower surface (112) is used. How to make shoes. 21. A method according to any one of claims 16 to 20, wherein In addition, it is noted that the outsole (14, 115) is attached to the midsole (5, 101). How to make shoes. 22. A method according to any one of claims 16 to 21, wherein The manufacture of the insole (101) is softer, as opposed to a hard, elastic, spring-like material. And the manufacture of an outsole (103) made from a flexible outer packaging material, comprising: (102) is preferably embedded in the outer sole (103) as an inner sole in a reliable manner,The Outer bottom (103) It extends beyond the boundary (102a) of the structural sole (102) and A method for manufacturing a shoe, comprising forming an edge region here. 23. A process according to any one of claims 16 to 21 Using the insole (5) according to any one of claims 25 to 52, The manufacture of the bottom (5) is soft and flexible, as opposed to a hard and elastic spring-like material Cushioning elements (6,8,16,17,20-30) made of conductive material Above and / or below the sole (5), above and below the structural sole (1,102). And / or beyond the lower, preferably cross-sectional area, as individual projections that bend elastically Projecting and being provided above and / or below the structural sole (1) A method for producing shoes, comprising: 24. House shoes, street shoes, working shoes, therapeutic shoes Fuses or sports shoes, especially golf shoes, tennis shoes, Jogging shoes, indoor sports shoes, athletic shoes, outer Todo sports shoes, high jump shoes, dance shoes, or mountain climbing Use of a shoe according to any one of claims 1 to 15 as a shoe . 25. In particular, shoes according to any one of claims 1 to 15, and In particular, insole for a method according to any one of claims 16 to 23 So, (A) A spring-like material that is stable in the horizontal direction and flexible in the vertical direction and has a hard and elastic structure Structural shoe sole (1) made from (B) Conversely, cushioning elements (6, 6) made of a soft, elastic, spring-like material 8, 16, 17, 20 to 30), which is a hard and elastic spring-like material And / or below the insole (5). On the side, the upper and / or lower side of the structural sole (1), preferably Individual projections that bend elastically, at least partially beyond the cross-sectional area And a protruding cushioning element, Including insole. 26. 26. The insole according to claim 25, wherein the buffer element (6, 8, 16, 1) is provided. 7, 20-30) may be individual, massive cushioning elements (6, 8, 16) and / or structures. The cushioning element (17, 20 to 30) which is integral with the shoe sole (1) Insole to do. 27. 27. The insole according to claim 26, wherein the individual, bulky cushioning elements (6). , 8, 16), wherein the dimensions of the insole are smaller than the width of the insole. 28. 28. The insole according to claim 26 or 27, wherein the individual, bulky looses are provided. The opposing elements (6, 8, 16) are regularly formed solids, preferably spherical Characterized in that it is a body, a hexahedron, a cylinder, a cube, a prism, a rhombus, or a cone Insole to do. 29. 29. The insole according to claim 26 or 28, wherein the individual, bulky looses are provided. The striking elements (6, 8, 16) extend beyond a certain width of the structural sole and are preferably A rod-shaped cushioning element which is contoured and / or provided with protrusions and recesses; Insole characterized by: 30. The insole according to claims 25 to 29, wherein the buffer element (6, 8) , 16, 17, 20-30) have different material properties, in particular different Shore hardness values, Insole characterized by having resistance to deformation and / or resilience . 31. Insole according to claims 25 to 30, wherein the structural sole (1) Include recesses (7, 8) and protrusions (12, 18) on the upper and / or lower side thereof. And preferably, regularly, particularly preferably over a specific width of the structural sole. Aligned in a cross-sectional shape that extends vertically or beyond a portion of the structural sole And the insole formed. 32. The insole according to claims 26 to 31, wherein the individual, massive loose The opposing elements (6, 8, 16) are provided with recesses (7, 7) on the upper and / or lower side of the structural sole (1). , 9) and / or a cushioning element (17) which is integral with the structural sole (1) , 20-30) in the recess (7) and / or on the protrusion (18) of the manufacturable sole (1). To Securely mounted, preferably on the upper and / or lower side of the structural sole (1) Vulcanized or glued, firmly attached, soft, elastic, spring-like material An insole formed as a protrusion attached to a cover made from. 33. The insole according to claim 31 or 32, wherein the buffer element (6, 8) , 16, 17, 20-30) soft and elastic spring-like The protrusion made from the material of (A) respectively on the upper protrusion (18) of the structural sole (1) or in the recess (7) or on both the protrusion (18) and the recess (7) and / or , (B) respectively on the lower protrusions (12) of the structural sole (1) or in recesses On (9) or on both the protrusion (12) and the recess (9) Provided over a predetermined surface area of the structural sole (1) or the entire surface of the structural sole (1) Insole characterized by being able to. 34. 33. The insole according to claim 33, wherein the buffer element (6, 16, 20, 2) is provided. The protrusion made from the soft and elastic spring-like material formed by 1) The structural sole (1) on the upper and / or lower recesses (7, 9) of the structural sole (1); A) an insole provided on a predetermined surface area or the entire surface. 35. The insole according to claim 33 or claim 34, wherein the buffer element (22) , 23), made of a soft, elastic, spring-like material formed by The origin is the structure on the upper and / or lower recesses (12, 18) of the structural sole (1). Characterized in that it is provided on a predetermined surface area or the entire surface of the sole (1). bottom. 36. A midsole according to claim 33, 34 or 35, wherein the buffer element is Soft and elastic spring-like material formed by (6,17,24,25) The protrusions made from the ingredients (A) on the upper side of the structural sole (1) on the recess (7); (B) on the underside of the structural sole (1) on its protrusion (12) Characterized in that it is provided on a predetermined surface area or the entire surface of the structural sole (1). Insole to do. 37. In the midsole according to any one of claims 33 to 36, Soft and resilient spring-like material formed by the cushioning elements (26, 27) The projection made from (A) on the upper side of the structural sole (1) on its protrusion (18); (B) on the underside of the structural sole (1) on its recess (9) Characterized in that it is provided on a predetermined surface area or the entire surface of the structural sole (1). Insole to do. 38. 33. The insole according to claim 33, wherein the buffer element (29, 30) Protrusions made from a soft, elastic, spring-like material formed by Over a predetermined surface area or the entire surface of the sole (1), the upper side of the structural sole (1) and / or Are alternately provided on the projections (12, 18) and recesses (7, 9) on the lower side. Insole characterized by being done. 39. In the midsole according to any one of claims 25 to 38, Over a predetermined surface area or the entire surface of the structural sole (1), above the insole (5) and / or Is located on the lower side between the protrusions made of a soft, resilient, spring-like material. The valley floor to be placed is also made of a soft, elastic, spring-like material. The insole to symbolize. 40. 40. The insole according to claim 39, wherein the spring is soft and elastic. The floor of the valley of the material of the invention is in the height range of the upper and / or lower recesses of the structural sole (1). Within the region, is arranged on a predetermined surface area or the entire surface of the structural sole (1). Insole to feature. 41. 40. The insole according to claim 39 or claim 40, wherein the insole is soft and elastic. The floor of the valley of spring-like material that has been set up is the upper and / or lower recess of the structural sole (1). Outside the area of the height of the sole, in particular outside the cross-sectional area, the predetermined surface area of the structural sole (1) An insole, characterized by being distributed over an area or the entire surface. 42. In the midsole according to any one of claims 25 to 41, Soft and elastic over a given surface area or the entire surface of the structural sole (1) The floor of the valley, located between the protrusions made of spring-like material, A midsole formed on the upper and / or lower side of the midsole by a material . 43. In the midsole according to any one of claims 25 to 42, An insole on the protrusion formed by the buffer element (6, 8, 16, 17, 20-30) Coatings (13, 14) are arranged on the upper and / or lower side of (5), and are soft and elastic. The valleys located between the projections of the spring-like material are cooperated with the coatings (13, 14) and Preferably defining a closed chamber (19) filled with air or other compressible fluid or material. As defined, preferably on the upper and / or lower side of the insole, the structural sole (1) Formed on a given surface area or over the entire surface, or crosslinked by coating (13, 14) Insole characterized by being done. 44. 43. An insole according to claim 43, wherein the covering on the upper side of the insole (5). 13) The insole, which is preferably a replaceable footrest. 45. The insole according to claim 43 or claim 44, wherein the underside of the insole (5). The upper coating (14) is preferably glued to the insole and is also preferably contoured It is an outsole comprising an outsole projection (15), such as an indented protrusion or a bump And the insole. 46. 45. The insole according to claim 45, wherein the outsole protrusion (15) is 5) on the underside of the structural sole (1) over the entire surface or in a predetermined surface area. Is disposed on a protrusion made of a soft, elastic, spring-like material. 5) is preferably a spring-like with soft elasticity on the underside of the structural sole (1) Substantially the same distance as the projections of the cushioning elements (16, 17) made of An insole characterized by having substantially the same width. 47. 47. The midsole according to claim 45 or 46, above the midsole (5). The coating (14) on the underside of the upper coating (13) and / or the insole (5) may be 6,8,16,17,20-30) is different from a spring-like material having soft elasticity. Insole characterized by having a high Shore hardness, preferably a higher Shore hardness . 48. In the midsole according to any one of claims 25 to 47, Spring-like with soft elasticity of the buffer element (6, 8, 16, 17, 20-30) The material is one or more materials that are different above the midsole (5) than below the midsole. Properties, in particular Shore hardness, and / or cushioning elements (6, 8, 16, 17, The spring-like material with soft elasticity of 20-30) is above the midsole (5) and / or Or different material properties, especially the Shore hardness value, in the different surface areas below Insole characterized by that. 49. In the midsole according to any one of claims 25 to 48, The recesses (7, 9) of the structural sole (1) may be provided in a predetermined surface area or on the entire surface or on that surface. Is filled with a spring-like filling material (10), preferably having soft elasticity. , Its surface is preferably flat and the upper or lower protrusion of the structural sole (1) Characterized in that it is located at the highest position of (12, 18) or above or below it And the insole. 50. In the midsole according to any one of claims 25 to 49, A hard, elastic, spring-like material can be spring steel and / or, conversely, soft and elastic. The spring-like material possessed is rubber, natural rubber and / or elastomer material Insole characterized by: 51. In the midsole according to any one of claims 25 to 50, The midsole (5) is connected to at least the edge of the structural sole (1) and is structured Made from a soft, preferably elastic material, extending beyond the edge of (1) Edge region (2), said edge material being in the middle of the manufacture of the shoe, the insole (5) The upper part of the shoe, such that the set of and the upper material of the shoe (3) forms a self-supporting shoe structure Overlaps with the material (3) and firmly attaches to the upper material (3) of the shoe in the overlap area Suitable for being connected, the edge region (2) being tapered in the outward direction. And / or formed in a cross-sectional shape extending upward in an arc. The insole to symbolize. 52. In the midsole according to any one of claims 25 to 51, The structural sole (1) has the features specified in claim 7; And the insole. 53. In the insole according to any one of claims 25 to 52, The structural sole preferably extends over the sole of the foot, (A) When walking, the point where force is applied should be from the landing point to the area of the outer edge of the foot. Through the center or center of the heel, and then from the center or center of the ball, Further along the running load line (200) to the thumb or second finger, (B) The lateral reinforcement direction Q is substantially perpendicular to the line of force (200). Some of the angles of inclination that extend directly or differ with respect to the longitudinal axis of the structural sole Including the area Insole characterized by that. 54. Sports shoes, house shoes, street shoes, therapeutic shoes Shoes or working shoes, especially golf shoes, tennis shoes, Jogging shoes, indoor sports shoes, athletic shoes, outer Todo sports shoes, high jump shoes, dance shoes, or mountain climbing An insole according to any one of claims 25 to 53 as a shoe use. 55. A shoe, an insole, a method or a shoe according to any one of claims 1 to 53 In use, the structural sole (1) may be of European Patent Specification 0 373 336 B1 or public. Description, indication and / or claim in European patent application having open number 0434076A2 Shoe, insole, method or use, characterized in that it is a shaped inlay.

───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (81)指定国ＥＰ(ＡＴ，ＢＥ，ＣＨ，ＤＥ，ＤＫ，ＥＳ，ＦＩ，ＦＲ，ＧＢ，ＧＲ，ＩＥ，ＩＴ，ＬＵ，ＭＣ，ＮＬ，ＰＴ，ＳＥ)，ＡＵ，ＢＲ，ＣＡ，ＨＵ，ＪＰ，ＭＸ，ＮＯ，ＰＬ，ＵＳ (72)発明者メイヤーガードドイツ国バッドディッチェンバッハ 73342 シェーンビュール８ (72)発明者メイヤーアチムドイツ国バッドディッチェンバッハ 73342 インデンチェルゲルテン 10 【要約の続き】 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続き Continuation of front page (81) Designated country EP (AT, BE, CH, DE, DK, ES, FI, FR, GB, GR, IE, IT, LU, MC, NL, PT, SE), AU, BR, CA, HU, JP, MX, NO, PL, US (72) Inventor Meyer Guard Bad Ditchenbach 73342 Schönbühl 8 (72) Inventor Meyer Aim Bad Ditchenbach 73342 Inden Cergerten 10 [Continued abstract]

Claims

[Claims] 1. (A) A rigid and elastic spring with a stable structure in the horizontal direction and a flexible structure in the vertical direction Shoe sole (1,102) made from similar materials, and, on the contrary, soft and flexible And extending beyond the edge of the structural sole (1,102), An insole (5,101) including an edge region (2,104) securely connected to the When, (B) connected to the midsole (5,101), and both the midsole (5,101) A shoe upper material (3,105) adjacent to the side (106); A shoe comprising Edge of the insole (5,101) extending beyond the edge of the structural sole (1,102) The area (2,104) overlaps the upper material of the shoe (3,105) and the overlapping area ( 4,107) is firmly connected to the upper material of the shoe (3,105) and thus the insole Set of (5,101) and shoe upper material (3,105) form a self-supporting shoe structure Shoes to do. 2. A shoe according to claim 1, wherein the upper material (3,105) and the middle of the shoe. So that the bottoms (5,101) face each other in the overlap area (4,107) Shoes with a tapered cross section. 3. 3. A shoe according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the upper material of the shoe (3,105). ) And the material of the insole (5,101) have a cross-section in the overlap region (4,107). A shoe extending in an arc shape. 4. 4. The shoe according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the upper material (3, 105) and the insole (5,101) in the overlap area (4,107) by bonding Shoes that are connected. 5. A shoe according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the shoe is structural The edge area (2,104) extending beyond the bottom (1,102) is At the width of the midsole in the edge area or at the associated front and rear edge areas 5 to 20% of the length of the insole, preferably 10 to 15%, more preferably Shoes having a width of 12%. 6. A shoe according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the shoe is structural. The edge region (2, 104) extending beyond the bottom (1, 102) is the midsole (5, 1). 01) or over part of the edge of the midsole, and the midsole (5,101) It is firmly connected to the shoe upper material (3, 105) around the entire edge or part of the insole Shoes. 7. A shoe according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it has a structural sole. A shoe characterized in that (1,102) has the following features. (A) The structural sole (1,102) is preferred over at least substantially the entire forefoot portion. Or the entire foot area, or the entire foot contact area. Extending straight; (B) The structural sole (1, 102) is a hard and elastic sheet material of uniform thickness Formed integrally from the ingredients; (C) The structural sole (1, 102) is contoured at right angles to the longitudinal direction of the sole. Re; (D) The cross-sectional shape (110) is good at least over substantially the entire forefoot region. Preferably, almost the entire foot area or almost the entire foot contact area Extending over the body; (E) The elastic sheet material is made of shallow groove, step, girder, deep groove, bead Cross-sectional shape of a bead, meandering, meandering, zigzag or trapezoidal 110) (F) the cross-sectional shape (110) is at periodic intervals substantially shorter than the length of the shoe; Repeat periodically. 8. A shoe according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the sole is structural. (1,102) is a spring steel which is flexible in the vertical direction and hard in the width direction, or A shoe comprising at least one flat or flat material. 9. The shoe according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the insole (5, 101) is an insole according to any one of claims 25 to 52 Features shoes. 10. A shoe according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the shoe has elasticity. The shore hardness of certain materials, especially hard, resilient spring-like materials, is Lateral stiffness of the structural sole (1,102) to ensure the stability of strategic steps And / or Shore hardness of the shoe upper material (3,105) The hardness (sic) is substantially harder than the material of the structural sole (1,102). A shoe characterized by being within a range that is not desirable. 11. The shoe according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the outsole ( 14, 115) is attached to the outside of the midsole (5, 101). And shoes. 12. The shoe according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the insole ( 101) is soft and flexible, as opposed to a spring-like material that is hard and elastic. Outsole (103) made from an outer wrapping material, the structural sole (102) having an insole And preferably buried in the outsole in a conventional manner, the outsole (103) being a structural sole ( 102) extending beyond the boundary (102a) of which the edge region is formed Shoes. 13. 13. A shoe according to claim 12, wherein the outer packaging material is leather, rubber, natural rubber. Plastic, cork composition, or plastic and / or cork powder and Shoes comprising a composite material containing a fiber material. 14． 14. A shoe according to claim 12 or 13, wherein in the region of the inner sole Shoes, characterized in that the insole (1) has a flat upper side. 15. The shoe according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the shoe is hard. Soft and elastic spring-like material as opposed to elastic and spring-like material Cushioning elements (6,8,16,17,20-30) made from structural soles (1) Above and / or below the insole, and above and / or below the insole (5). And above the upper and / or lower side of the structural sole (1), preferably beyond the cross-sectional area Shoes that protrude as individual projections that bend elastically. 16. (a) Stable in the horizontal direction and flexible in the vertical direction. Structural soles made from materials (1,102) and, conversely, soft and flexible materials And extending beyond the edge of the structural sole (1,102) and forming the structural sole (1 , 102) with an edge region (2, 104) firmly connected to , 101). (B) on the shoe, preferably adapted to extend on the inside (106) of the shoe together with the insole Producing part materials (3,105), (C) The insole (5,101) and the upper material (3,105) of the shoe are converted into the last (111). Tidy, (D) an edge region (2,104) extending beyond the structural sole (1,102); Match the upper material (3,105) of the shoe to the last so that it overlaps the (E) The upper material (3,105) of the shoe and the insole (5,101) overlap the area (4,4). 107) Connect firmly to each other And a method for producing shoes. 17． 17. The method according to claim 16, wherein the overlap region (4,107) ), The upper material (3,105) and the midsole (5,101) of the shoe are facing each other. It is tapered in cross section to fit, and the midsole edge region (2 , 104) taper before being firmly connected to the upper material (3, 105) of the shoe While the upper material of the shoe (3,105) is preferably insole (5,1 01) is characterized by being tapered only after being firmly connected to How to make shoes. 18. 18. The method according to claim 16 or 17, wherein the upper material (3) of the shoe. , 105) are glued to the midsole (5, 10) in the overlapping area (4, 107). A method for producing shoes, characterized in that the shoe is firmly connected to (1). 19. A method according to claim 16, 17 or 18, wherein the specific foot The thickness of the inlay (13, 113) or the effective thickness of the footrest A method for manufacturing a shoe, comprising using a last (111) having a corresponding thickness. 20. A method according to any one of claims 16 to 19, An inner sole (5, 101) having a flat upper side in the region of the structural sole (1, 102); Characterized in that a last (111) having a flat lower surface (112) is used. How to make shoes. 21. A method according to any one of claims 16 to 20, wherein In addition, it is noted that the outsole (14, 115) is attached to the midsole (5, 101). How to make shoes. 22. A method according to any one of claims 16 to 21, wherein The manufacture of the insole (101) is softer, as opposed to a hard, elastic, spring-like material. And the manufacture of an outsole (103) made from a flexible outer packaging material, comprising: (102) is preferably buried in the outer bottom (103) as an inner bottom in a secure manner, Extends beyond the boundaries (102a) of the manufacturable sole (102) and forms an edge region there. A method for producing shoes, comprising: 23. A process according to any one of claims 16 to 21 Using the insole (5) according to any one of claims 25 to 52, The manufacture of the bottom (5) is soft and flexible, as opposed to a hard and elastic spring-like material Cushioning elements (6,8,16,17,20-30) made of conductive material Above and / or below the sole (5), above and below the structural sole (1,102). And / or beyond the lower, preferably cross-sectional area, as individual projections that bend elastically Projecting and being provided above and / or below the structural sole (1) A method for producing shoes, comprising: 24. House shoes, street shoes, working shoes, therapeutic shoes Fuses or sports shoes, especially golf shoes, tennis shoes, Jogging shoes, indoor sports shoes, athletic shoes, outer Todo sports shoes, high jump shoes, dance shoes, or mountain climbing Use of a shoe according to any one of claims 1 to 15 as a shoe . 25. In particular, shoes according to any one of claims 1 to 15, and In particular, insole for a method according to any one of claims 16 to 23 So, (A) A spring-like material that is stable in the horizontal direction and flexible in the vertical direction and has a hard and elastic structure Structural shoe sole (1) made from (B) Conversely, cushioning elements (6, 6) made of a soft, elastic, spring-like material 8, 16, 17, 20 to 30), which is a hard and elastic spring-like material And / or below the insole (5). On the side, the upper and / or lower side of the structural sole (1), preferably Individual projections that bend elastically, at least partially beyond the cross-sectional area And a protruding cushioning element, Including insole. 26. 26. The insole according to claim 25, wherein the buffer element (6, 8, 16, 1) is provided. 7, 20-30) are individual, bulky cushioning elements (6, 8, 16) and / or Cushioning element (17, 20-30) integral with the structural sole (1) And the insole. 27. 27. The insole according to claim 26, wherein the individual, bulky cushioning elements (6). , 8, 16), wherein the dimensions of the insole are smaller than the width of the insole. 28. 28. The insole according to claim 26 or 27, wherein the individual, bulky looses are provided. The opposing elements (6, 8, 16) are regularly formed solids, preferably spherical Characterized in that it is a body, a hexahedron, a cylinder, a cube, a prism, a rhombus, or a cone Insole to do. 29. 29. The insole according to claim 26 or 28, wherein the individual, bulky looses are provided. The striking elements (6, 8, 16) extend beyond a certain width of the structural sole and are preferably A rod-shaped cushioning element which is contoured and / or provided with protrusions and recesses; Insole characterized by: 30. The insole according to claims 25 to 29, wherein the buffer element (6, 8) , 16, 17, 20-30) have different material properties, in particular different Shore hardness values, Insole characterized by having resistance to deformation and / or resilience . 31. Insole according to claims 25 to 30, wherein the structural sole (1) Include recesses (7, 8) and protrusions (12, 18) on the upper and / or lower side thereof. And preferably, regularly, particularly preferably over a specific width of the structural sole. Aligned in a cross-sectional shape that extends vertically or beyond a portion of the structural sole And the insole formed. 32. The insole according to claims 26 to 31, wherein the individual, massive loose The opposing elements (6, 8, 16) are provided with recesses (7, 7) on the upper and / or lower side of the structural sole (1). , 9) and / or a cushioning element (17) which is integral with the structural sole (1) , 20-30) in the recess (7) and / or on the protrusion (18) of the manufacturable sole (1). On the upper and / or lower side of the structural sole (1) Is Vulcanized or glued, firmly attached, soft, elastic, spring-like material An insole formed as a protrusion attached to a cover made from. 33. The insole according to claim 31 or 32, wherein the buffer element (6, 8) , 16, 17, 20-30) soft and elastic spring-like The protrusion made from the material of (A) respectively on the upper protrusion (18) of the structural sole (1) or in the recess (7) or on both the protrusion (18) and the recess (7) and / or , (B) respectively on the lower protrusions (12) of the structural sole (1) or in recesses On (9) or on both the protrusion (12) and the recess (9) Provided over a predetermined surface area of the structural sole (1) or the entire surface of the structural sole (1) Insole characterized by being able to. 34. 33. The insole according to claim 33, wherein the buffer element (6, 16, 20, 21) a projection made of a soft and elastic spring-like material formed by (21) Are located on the upper and / or lower recesses (7, 9) of the structural sole (1). (1) An insole provided on the predetermined surface area or the entire surface. 35. The insole according to claim 33 or claim 34, wherein the buffer element (22) , 23), made of a soft, elastic, spring-like material formed by The origin is the structure on the upper and / or lower recesses (12, 18) of the structural sole (1). Characterized in that it is provided on a predetermined surface area or the entire surface of the sole (1). bottom. 36. A midsole according to claim 33, 34 or 35, wherein the buffer element is Soft and elastic spring-like material formed by (6,17,24,25) The protrusions made from the ingredients (A) on the upper side of the structural sole (1) on the recess (7); (B) on the underside of the structural sole (1) on its protrusion (12) Characterized in that it is provided on a predetermined surface area or the entire surface of the structural sole (1). Insole to do. 37. In the midsole according to any one of claims 33 to 36, Soft and resilient spring-like material formed by the cushioning elements (26, 27) The projection made from (A) on the upper side of the structural sole (1) on its protrusion (18); (B) on the underside of the structural sole (1) on its recess (9) Characterized in that it is provided on a predetermined surface area or the entire surface of the structural sole (1). Insole to do. 38. 33. The insole according to claim 33, wherein the buffer element (29, 30) Protrusions made from a soft, elastic, spring-like material formed by Over a predetermined surface area or the entire surface of the sole (1), the upper side of the structural sole (1) and / or Are alternately provided on the projections (12, 18) and recesses (7, 9) on the lower side. Insole characterized by being done. 39. In the midsole according to any one of claims 25 to 38, Over a predetermined surface area or the entire surface of the structural sole (1), above the insole (5) and / or Is located on the lower side between the protrusions made of a soft, resilient, spring-like material. The valley floor to be placed is also made of a soft, elastic, spring-like material. The insole to symbolize. 40. 40. The insole according to claim 39, wherein the spring is soft and elastic. The floor of the valley of the material of the invention is in the height range of the upper and / or lower recesses of the structural sole (1). Within the region, is arranged on a predetermined surface area or the entire surface of the structural sole (1). Insole to feature. 41. 40. The insole according to claim 39 or claim 40, wherein the insole is soft and elastic. The floor of the valley of spring-like material that has been set up is the upper and / or lower recess of the structural sole (1). Outside the area of the height of the sole, in particular outside the cross-sectional area, the predetermined surface area of the structural sole (1) An insole, characterized by being distributed over an area or the entire surface. 42. In the midsole according to any one of claims 25 to 41, Soft and elastic over a given surface area or the entire surface of the structural sole (1) The floor of the valley, located between the protrusions made of spring-like material, A midsole formed on the upper and / or lower side of the midsole by a material . 43. In the midsole according to any one of claims 25 to 42, An insole on the protrusion formed by the buffer element (6, 8, 16, 17, 20-30) Coatings (13, 14) are arranged on the upper and / or lower side of (5), and are soft and elastic. The valleys located between the projections of the spring-like material are cooperated with the coatings (13, 14) and Preferably defining a closed chamber (19) filled with air or other compressible fluid or material. As defined, preferably on the upper and / or lower side of the insole, the structural sole (1) Formed on a given surface area or over the entire surface, or crosslinked by coating (13, 14) Insole characterized by being done. 44. 43. An insole according to claim 43, wherein the covering on the upper side of the insole (5). 13) The insole, which is preferably a replaceable footrest. 45. The insole according to claim 43 or claim 44, wherein the underside of the insole (5). The upper coating (14) is preferably glued to the insole and is also preferably contoured It is an outsole comprising an outsole projection (15), such as an indented protrusion or a bump And the insole. 46. 45. The insole according to claim 45, wherein the outsole protrusion (15) is 5) on the underside of the structural sole (1) over the entire surface or in a predetermined surface area. Is disposed on a protrusion made of a soft, elastic, spring-like material. 5) is preferably a spring-like with soft elasticity on the underside of the structural sole (1) Substantially the same distance as the projections of the cushioning elements (16, 17) made of An insole characterized by having substantially the same width. 47. 47. The midsole according to claim 45 or 46, above the midsole (5). The coating (14) on the underside of the upper coating (13) and / or the insole (5) may be 6,8,16,17,20-30) is different from a spring-like material having soft elasticity. Insole characterized by having a high Shore hardness, preferably a higher Shore hardness . 48. In the midsole according to any one of claims 25 to 47, Spring-like with soft elasticity of the buffer element (6, 8, 16, 17, 20-30) The material is one or more materials that are different above the midsole (5) than below the midsole. Properties, in particular Shore hardness, and / or cushioning elements (6, 8, 16, 17, The spring-like material with soft elasticity of 20-30) is above the midsole (5) and / or Or different material properties, especially the Shore hardness value, in the different surface areas below Insole characterized by that. 49. In the midsole according to any one of claims 25 to 48, Structure The recesses (7, 9) of the manufacturable sole (1) may be provided in their predetermined surface area or in their entirety or in their entirety. The lower side is preferably filled with a spring-like filling material (10) having soft elasticity, Its surface is preferably flat and the upper or lower protrusion () of the structural sole (1) 12, 18), at or above or below the highest position Insole to do. 50. In the midsole according to any one of claims 25 to 49, A hard, elastic, spring-like material can be spring steel and / or, conversely, soft and elastic. The spring-like material possessed is rubber, natural rubber and / or elastomer material Insole characterized by: 51. In the midsole according to any one of claims 25 to 50, The midsole (5) is connected to at least the edge of the structural sole (1) and is structured Made from a soft, preferably elastic material, extending beyond the edge of (1) Edge region (2), said edge material being in the middle of the manufacture of the shoe, the insole (5) The upper part of the shoe, such that the set of and the upper material of the shoe (3) forms a self-supporting shoe structure Overlaps with the material (3) and firmly attaches to the upper material (3) of the shoe in the overlap area Suitable for being connected, the edge region (2) being tapered in the outward direction. And / or formed in a cross-sectional shape extending upward in an arc. The insole to symbolize. 52. In the midsole according to any one of claims 25 to 51, The structural sole (1) has the features specified in claim 7; And the insole. 53. In the insole according to any one of claims 25 to 52, The structural sole preferably extends over the sole of the foot, (A) When walking, the point where force is applied should be from the landing point to the area of the outer edge of the foot. Through the center or center of the heel, and then from the center or center of the ball, Further along the running load line (200) to the thumb or second finger, (B) The lateral reinforcement direction Q is substantially perpendicular to the line of force (200). Some of the angles of inclination that extend directly or differ with respect to the longitudinal axis of the structural sole Including the area Insole characterized by that. 54. Sports shoes, house shoes, street shoes, therapeutic shoes Shoes or working shoes, especially golf shoes, tennis shoes, Jogging shoes, indoor sports shoes, athletic shoes, outer Todo sports shoes, high jump shoes, dance shoes, or mountain climbing An insole according to any one of claims 25 to 53 as a shoe use. 55. A shoe, an insole, a method or a shoe according to any one of claims 1 to 53 In use, the structural sole (1) may be of European Patent Specification 0 373 336 B1 or public. Description, indication and / or claim in European patent application having open number 0434076A2 Shoe, insole, method or use, characterized in that it is a shaped inlay.