JP2002365179A - Volatile organic matter measuring method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a volatile organic matter measuring method capable of measuring, accurately in a short time, a volatile organic matter discharged from an executed building material, and predicting accurately the kind and the generation quantity of the volatile organic matter discharged into a room after execution. SOLUTION: A sample T is stored inside the body 1002 of a small-sized closed vessel 10, and then a lid 1004 is coupled with the body 1002 to seal the vessel (S10). The temperature of a thermostat 12 is set and the humidity of a humidifier 14 is set (S12), and operation of the thermostat 12 and the humidifier 14 is started. Hereby, the temperature and the humidity in a storing space of the small-sized closed vessel 10 are maintained at set values (S14). Resultantly, the volatile organic matter is discharged from the sample T into the storing space of the small-sized closed vessel 10. After elapse of a prescribed time, the air in the storing space of the small-sized closed vessel 10 is gathered and the kind and the concentration of the volatile organic matter are measured and analyzed by a gas detector 16 (S16, S18).

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for measuring volatile organic substances emitted from construction materials.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in order to predict volatile organic substances to be released into the air from construction materials after the construction of the buildings, a composition table (MSDS) of the materials constituting the construction materials has been used.
Had to see. In addition, when measuring volatile organic substances released from actual construction materials, the construction materials were placed in a large-sized chamber, hermetically sealed, and the air in the chamber was collected and measured. In addition, in order to measure the effect of the deodorizing effect material, the deodorizing effect material was put in a large-sized chamber together with the construction building material, sealed, and the air in the chamber was collected and measured.

[0003]

However, in the method of estimating volatile organic substances based on the above-mentioned composition table, it is only possible to estimate the generation of volatile organic substances, and it is difficult to estimate the actual generation amount. Was. Although the above-mentioned composition table describes substances having a content of 1% or more, there is no description of trace substances of less than 1%, and the content of volatile organic substances is 1%.
If it is less than 1, the occurrence could not be predicted.
In addition, in the method of measuring volatile organic matter using the large-sized chamber, the superiority of each construction building material, that is, to give a difference in the amount of volatile organic matter emitted in each construction building material,
A large amount of construction materials were required, and it took time to measure. In addition, since actual construction materials are often composed of multiple composite materials, it is possible to determine which of the multiple types of volatile organic substances is released most by collecting indoor air after construction. Had to be measured. The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to accurately measure volatile organic substances emitted from construction materials in a short time, and to measure volatile organic substances emitted indoors after construction. It is an object of the present invention to provide a volatile organic substance measuring method capable of accurately predicting the type and amount of an organic substance. It is another object of the present invention to provide a volatile organic substance measuring method capable of accurately evaluating the effect of a deodorizing effect material.

[0004]

In order to achieve the above object, the method for measuring volatile organic matter of the present invention comprises the steps of: leaving a sample made of construction materials in a small sealed container for a predetermined period of time; A first step of discharging volatile organic matter into the small hermetic container; and a second step of measuring the type and concentration of the volatile organic substance contained in the air in the small hermetic container after the predetermined time has elapsed. It is characterized by the following.

[0005] Therefore, the measurement of the volatile organic substances discharged into the small hermetic container can be accurately performed in a short time.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the volatile organic matter measuring method of the present invention comprises leaving a sample made of construction material and a deodorizing effect material in a small hermetically sealed container for a predetermined period of time. A first step in which volatile organic substances are released into the small closed container from the above, and the released volatile organic substances are adsorbed or decomposed by the deodorizing effect material, and air in the small closed container after the predetermined time has elapsed. And a second step of measuring the type and concentration of the volatile organic substance contained in the organic solvent.

Therefore, by measuring the volatile organic substances released into the small closed container, the deodorizing effect of the deodorizing effect material can be accurately evaluated in a short time.

[0008]

Embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram showing a configuration of an apparatus necessary for performing the volatile organic matter measuring method according to the first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 2, in order to carry out the volatile organic matter measuring method of the first embodiment, a small sealed container 10, a constant temperature bath 12, a humidifier 14, a gas detector 1
6 are prepared. The small hermetic container 10 includes a main body 1002 having an open upper part, and a lid 1004 detachably connected to the upper part of the main body 1002. By coupling the lid 1004 to the main body 1002,
Inside the small airtight container 10, an accommodation space for accommodating the sample T made of a construction material, which is sealed from the outside, is formed. The small airtight container 10 is configured such that, for example, the volume of the accommodation space is 1.1 liter or more and 5 liters or less. The volume is smaller than the volume of a conventionally used large chamber. The main body 1002 has a first conduit 100 communicating the housing space with the outside.
6, a second conduit 1008 is provided.

The thermostatic chamber 12 is configured to house the small hermetic container 10 therein so as to maintain its temperature constant. The humidifier 14 is connected to the first pipe 10
By supplying air of a predetermined humidity to the small airtight container 10 through a line 06, the humidity in the housing space is kept constant. The gas detector 16 includes:
Air is collected from the space inside the small hermetic container 10 via the second conduit 1008, and the type and concentration of volatile organic substances contained in the air are measured.

The construction material constituting the sample T is as follows:
For example, flooring material, base material, plywood, wood, concrete, mortar, heat insulating material, tatami, resin flooring, plasterboard, GL bond, wallpaper, plastering material, various coating materials, paint, sound absorbing panels, dry panels, piers, Insect repellent, termite repellent,
Antifungal, antibacterial, baseboard, tile, cloth, glass, metal, etc. The construction material constitutes the interior of the room by using them alone or by combining them. The sample T is preferably configured in the same form as when these construction materials are actually constructed, and when the construction material is composited and constructed, the sample is also It is preferable that the form is combined in the same form as the actual construction. Further, in measuring the volatile organic substances discharged into the small-sized closed container 10 having a volume of 1.1 liter or more and 5 liters or less, the sample T has a size of 1000 cm ³ or less. preferable.

FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure of the volatile organic matter measuring method according to the present embodiment. Hereinafter, FIG.
The volatile organic matter measuring method will be described with reference to FIG. First, after the sample T is accommodated in the main body 1002 of the small airtight container 10, the lid 1004 is connected to the main body 1002 and sealed (step S10). Next, the temperature of the thermostat 12 and the humidity of the humidifier 14 are set (step S12), and the operations of the thermostat 12 and the humidifier 14 are started. As a result, the temperature and humidity of the accommodation space of the small hermetic container 10 are maintained at the set values (Step S14). As a result, volatile organic substances are released from the sample T into the storage space of the small closed container 10. In addition,
By setting the temperature and humidity to be equal to the temperature and humidity in the room where the construction material is constructed, it is possible to reproduce the indoor environment where the construction material is placed. After a lapse of a predetermined time, the gas detector 16 collects air in the storage space of the small hermetic container 10 to measure the type and concentration of the volatile organic substance (Step S16). Then
The measurement result obtained in step S16 is analyzed (step S18), and the operation ends.

According to the method of the present embodiment, the type and concentration of the volatile organic substance released from the construction material are measured by the above-described procedure, and the measurement results are analyzed, whereby the construction is performed using the construction material. In this case, it is possible to accurately predict the type and amount of the volatile organic substances released into the room. Further, the volume of the small closed container 10,
That is, since the accommodation space is as small as 1.1 liters or more and 5 liters or less, the amount of the sample can be reduced, and the ratio of the amount of volatile organic substances released from the sample to the volume of the accommodation space increases. There is an advantage that measurement of volatile organic substances can be performed in a short time. In addition, by setting the temperature and humidity in the small sealed container 10 to be equal to the temperature and humidity in an actual room, the type and amount of volatile organic substances emitted from the construction material in the actual room are reproduced. Therefore, it is advantageous for accurate analysis and prediction of volatile organic substances released into the room after construction. Further, by measuring a composite of a plurality of types of construction materials as the sample T, it is possible to analyze a plurality of types of construction materials.

In the present embodiment, the gas detector 16 is used to measure the type and concentration of the volatile organic substance, but a gas detector tube may be used instead. Examples of the gas detection tube include a Kitagawa type detection tube, a Dräger type detection tube, and a gas tech type detection tube. In addition, the type and concentration of the volatile organic substance may be measured using a device that performs analysis using a solid adsorption method or a liquid adsorption method. In addition, the type and concentration of the volatile organic substance may be measured using a simple gas detector (portable odor sensor). Further, the type and concentration of the volatile organic substance may be measured by a sensory test.

Although the temperature and humidity of the storage space in the small sealed container 10 are set to be equal to the temperature and humidity of the actual room, it is also possible to provide the same sunshine in the storage space as the environment of the room. Often, in this case, the measurement can be performed in a state closer to the actual indoor environment. Further, steam may be supplied to the storage space in the small hermetic container 10 in order to reproduce a situation in which the room becomes humid at the time of new construction. In this case, the amount of volatile organic substances soluble in water (eg, formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, alcohols) can be increased. It is optional to supply a gas or liquid vapor other than water vapor to the storage space in the small hermetic container 10.

Further, the measurement in the step S18 may be performed after the small closed container 10 is exposed to the outdoors for a predetermined time. In this case, the accommodation space is set to a temperature that follows changes in outdoor temperature and sunshine while being exposed to the outdoors.

If the small sealed container 10 is entirely or partially made of a transparent material, the condition in the storage space can be visually recognized, and the sample T can be illuminated. it can. In addition, the small sealed container 10
, A separable flask, a desiccator and the like can be used.

Next, actual measurement results will be described.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing measurement results of volatile organic substances emitted from a sample used for flooring construction and composed of a construction material in which a flooring material, an adhesive, and a base material are combined. FcO was used as the flooring material, an emulsion acrylic adhesive was used as the adhesive, and an EO particle board was used as the base material. A 2-liter metal separable flask was used as the small airtight container using the EO particle board. To measure volatile organic substances (formaldehyde concentration in this example), a Kitagawa gas detector tube was used.

The measurement conditions are as follows. Three types of cleaning of the sample surface were set. That is, sample A (washing with water-based wax), sample B (washing with water spray), and sample C (washing by wiping with chemical dust). The temperature and the humidity and the time of housing in the housing space are as follows. Condition 1: Before cleaning, temperature 35 ° C, humidity 35%, storage time 1 hour Condition 2: After cleaning, temperature 35 ° C, humidity 35%, storage time 1 hour Condition 3: After cleaning, temperature 35 ° C, humidity 65%, accommodation time 24 hours

As shown in FIG. 3, when the conditions 1 and 2 are compared, it can be seen that the concentration of each of the samples A, B and C has increased after washing. In addition, the concentration increases in the order of chemical dust, water spray, and aqueous wax, and it can be seen that the effect of suppressing the emission of volatile organic substances is in this order. In addition, when the conditions 2 and 3 are compared, the concentration of the sample C is lower than that of the samples A and B.
It is understood that the effect of the chemical dust is excellent as compared with that of the sample.

According to the first embodiment, the volatile organic matter released from the construction material can be accurately measured. Since volatile organic substances are generally harmful to the human body, a deodorizing effect material is installed in a room. Examples of the deodorizing effect material include activated carbon and a material containing activated carbon, diatomaceous earth and a material containing diatomaceous earth. Some building materials have an organic substance adsorption effect. In the present specification, the deodorizing effect material refers to a construction material having a function of adsorbing volatile organic substances and a function of decomposing volatile organic substances. Next, a second embodiment for measuring the effect of such a deodorizing effect material will be described. Second
This embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the small-sized airtight container 10 accommodates the deodorizing effect material together with the sample T and is sealed, and is kept in that state for a predetermined time.
The point is that the volatile organic solvent released from the construction material is adsorbed or decomposed by the deodorizing effect material. Then, the same procedure as in FIG. 1 (steps S10, S12, S1
4, S16, S18), the type and concentration of the volatile organic substance released into the accommodation space are measured. Therefore, according to the volatile organic matter measuring method of the second embodiment, the degree to which the deodorizing effect material adsorbs the volatile organic matter based on the measurement result of the type and concentration of the volatile organic matter released into the accommodation space. Alternatively, it can be accurately analyzed and evaluated whether or not it can be decomposed. It should be noted that the second embodiment has the same effects as the first embodiment.

[0021]

As described above, according to the method for measuring volatile organic matter of the present invention, volatile organic matter emitted from construction materials can be accurately measured in a short time, and is emitted into a room after construction. It is possible to accurately predict the type and amount of volatile organic matter generated. Further, according to the volatile organic matter measuring method of the present invention, the effect of the deodorizing effect material can be accurately evaluated.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure of a volatile organic matter measuring method according to the present embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram showing a configuration of an apparatus necessary for performing a volatile organic matter measuring method according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing measurement results of volatile organic substances emitted from a sample used for flooring construction and composed of a construction material in which a flooring material, an adhesive, and a base material are combined.

[Explanation of symbols]

 T sample 10 small sealed container 12 constant temperature bath 14 humidifier 16 gas detector

Claims (9)

[Claims] 1. a first step of releasing a volatile organic substance from the sample into the small hermetic container by leaving a sample made of construction material closed in a small hermetic container for a predetermined time; A second step of measuring the type and concentration of the volatile organic substance contained in the air in the small sealed container after elapse of. 2. A sample composed of construction building material and a deodorizing effect material are allowed to stand for a predetermined period of time in a sealed state in a small hermetic container, whereby volatile organic substances are released from the sample into the small hermetic container and released. A first step of adsorbing or decomposing the volatile organic substance by the deodorizing effect material, and a second step of measuring the type and concentration of the volatile organic substance contained in the air in the small sealed container after the predetermined time has elapsed. A volatile organic matter measuring method, comprising: 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the first step is performed in a state where an environment in the small airtight container is set to be equal to an indoor environment in which the construction material is constructed.
Or the volatile organic matter measuring method according to 2. 4. The volatile organic matter measuring method according to claim 3, wherein the indoor environment includes at least one of temperature, humidity, and sunshine. 5. The volatile organic substance measuring method according to claim 1, wherein the first step is performed in a state where steam, gas, or liquid vapor is supplied into the small closed container. 6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the measurement of the type and the concentration of the volatile organic substance in the second step is performed using a gas detector tube or a gas detector. Volatile organic matter measurement method. 7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the measurement of the type and concentration of the volatile organic substance in the second step is performed using a solid adsorption method or a liquid adsorption method. Volatile organic matter measurement method. 8. The volatile organic substance measuring method according to claim 1, wherein the measurement of the type and concentration of the volatile organic substance in the second step is performed by a sensory test. 9. The volatile organic substance measuring method according to claim 1, wherein the small closed container is entirely or partially made of a transparent material.