JP2002365053A - Surveying machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve the problem that V2 is exceeded in the case of speedy rotation since the value of α is fixed in the conventional surveying machine for operating a buzzer and a lamp α ahead of a V2 direction when rotating the collimation direction of a collimation telescope 2 in an electronic theodolite and a total station, and it takes much time from the operation of the buzzer and lamp to the arrival at V2 in the case of slow rotation when setting α larger. SOLUTION: A rotational speed is detected. When it is fast, α is set larger. On the other hand, when it is slow, α is set smaller by correction.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a surveying instrument such as an electronic theodolite, and more particularly to an instrument having angle detecting means such as an encoder for detecting a turning angle of a surveying instrument main body.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a conventional surveying instrument of this kind, for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 4-49047 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No.
According to the publication, the surveying instrument body provided with the collimating telescope is rotatably held at least in the horizontal direction, and has angle detecting means for detecting the turning angle of the surveying instrument body. When the surveying instrument body is rotated to make the direction coincide with the set direction, when the deviation between the actual collimating direction and the set direction is within a range of a predetermined angle or less, there is a notifying means for notifying that fact. It has been known. in this way,
When the notification means is activated, the operator can recognize that the collimating direction of the collimating telescope has approached the set direction, and reduce the rotation speed of the surveying instrument main body to prevent the surveying instrument main body from rotating excessively. You can do so.

[0003]

In the conventional surveying instruments described in the above publications, the predetermined angle at which the notifying means operates is constant. Therefore, when the surveying instrument main body is rotated at a high speed, the notifying means operates. Even if the vehicle decelerates after that, there is a problem that the surveying instrument body is rotated too much because the vehicle cannot be decelerated in time. However, if the predetermined angle is set to be large, there is no problem when the surveying instrument body is rotated at a high speed, but when the surveying instrument body is rotated at a low speed, the notifying means is activated before the visual observation of the collimating telescope. It is necessary to rotate more angles until the collimated direction matches the set direction, and activates the notification means before the collimated direction matches the set direction to make sure that the collimated direction will soon match the set direction. The effect of giving notice is impaired.

[0004] In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a surveying instrument capable of operating the notifying means at an appropriate timing regardless of the rotation speed.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention is to hold a surveying instrument body provided with a collimating telescope so as to be rotatable at least in a horizontal direction, and to rotate the surveying instrument body at a rotation angle. When the surveying instrument body is rotated so that the collimating direction of the collimating telescope matches the set direction, the deviation between the actual collimating direction and the set direction is equal to or less than a predetermined angle. In a surveying instrument having a notifying means for notifying when it is within the range, the turning speed of the surveying instrument main body is detected, and a predetermined angle for operating the notifying means is increased or decreased according to the magnitude of the turning speed. It is characterized by the following.

According to this configuration, when the rotation speed is high, the problem that the surveying instrument body is excessively rotated by increasing the predetermined angle is eliminated. By reducing the absolute value of the threshold value, the time from the activation of the notification means to the coincidence of the collimation direction with the set direction does not become long.

Another aspect of the present invention is to have a surveying instrument body provided with a collimating telescope rotatably held at least in a horizontal direction, and to have an angle detecting means for detecting a turning angle of the surveying instrument body. When the surveying instrument body is rotated so that the collimating direction of the collimating telescope coincides with the set direction, when the deviation between the actual collimating direction and the set direction is within a range of a predetermined angle or less, the fact is described. In a surveying instrument having an informing means for informing, a deceleration predicting means for detecting a rotation speed of the surveying instrument main body and predicting a deceleration of the surveying instrument main body from the rotating speed is provided. The predetermined angle for operating the notification means is increased or decreased accordingly.

The deceleration may be predicted as described above, and the predetermined angle may be increased or decreased according to the magnitude of the deceleration instead of the magnitude of the rotation speed.

[0009]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Referring to FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes an example of a surveying instrument called an electronic theodolite.
The collimating telescope 2 is rotatably held between the support portions 11 vertically provided in pairs. The main body 10 is held rotatably in the horizontal direction with respect to the fixed portion 12. The vertical rotation angle of the collimating telescope 2 and the rotation angle of the main body are detected by an incremental optical rotary encoder 3 shown in FIG. The rotary encoder 3 has a sub-scale 32 on which the same scale line as the main scale 31 is displayed at a position 180 ° opposite to the annular glass plate, similarly to the main scale 31 on which the scale lines are displayed over the entire circumference of the annular glass plate. The collimator lens 34 converts the light emitted from the light emitting diode 33 into parallel rays, transmits the parallel rays to the main scale 31 and the sub-scale 32, and
5 to receive light.

Referring to FIG. 3, the main body 10 is turned 90 ° counterclockwise from the state where the collimating telescope 2 is collimating in the V1 direction.
A case is considered in which the collimating telescope 2 is rotated to change the collimating direction of the collimating telescope 2 to the V2 direction. Before turning the main body 10, a direction in which the main body 10 is turned 90 ° counterclockwise, that is, the V2 direction is set and input. The rotation angle from the V1 direction is detected by the rotary encoder 3 provided between the fixed part 12 and the main body 10. The surveying instrument 1 is not shown,
When the deviation between the actual collimating direction of the main body 10 and the set V2 direction falls within a range of a predetermined angle α ° or less,
When the main body 10 is rotated to the range of ± α ° with respect to the target V2 direction, the notification means is activated, a predetermined lamp is turned on, or a buzzer sounds. Therefore, the notifying means operates when it is turned counterclockwise (90-α) ° from the V1 direction.

In the present invention, the predetermined angle α ° is used as a variable of the rotation speed of the main body 10. When the rotation speed is high, the predetermined angle α ° is set to be large, and when the rotation speed is low, the predetermined angle α ° is set. The angle α ° was set to be small. For example, when the rotation speed is represented by an angular speed ω, α = α ₀ + Kω. Here, α ₀ is the minimum angle set as the predetermined angle α ° even when the main body 10 is rotated at a very low speed and the angular velocity is almost 0, and K is a constant determined by the mass of the main body 10 and the like. is there. In this embodiment, the predetermined angle α ° continuously changes depending on the level of the angular velocity.
The predetermined angle α ° may be set in two or more stages in advance, and may be appropriately selected from the angular velocities set according to the level of the angular velocity.

When the predetermined angle α ° is set as a function of the angular velocity as described above, there is no problem when the main body 10 is rotated at a constant angular velocity from the start to the stop, but the angular velocity is constant. Otherwise, the value of the predetermined angle α ° may greatly change depending on the angular velocity ω at which time point is used.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4, a plurality of rotation angles θ _{1 in the} course of rotation are defined assuming that the rotation angle of the main body 10 is θ.
From the angular velocities ω _{1 to} ω _n at θ to θ _n
= 90 ° may be predicted, and the predetermined angle α ° may be determined according to the deceleration ω ′ of the angular speed ω. For example, α = α ₀ + kω ′. Here, k is a constant.

Accordingly, when the deceleration ω _L 'at the position of θ = 90 ° is obtained from the change curve ω _L when the angular velocity ω is low, the predetermined angle α ° is (α ₀ + kω _L ') °. From the change curve ω _H when the angular velocity ω is high, θ =
When the deceleration ω _H ′ at the 90 ° position is obtained, the predetermined angle α ° in that case is (α ₀ + kω _H ′) °. If the change in the angular velocity ω is predicted from the angular velocity ω at a plurality of points and the predetermined angle α ° is determined according to the deceleration, the main body 10
The predetermined angle α ° can be set to an appropriate value even if the angular velocity ω changes during the rotation of.

In this embodiment, an incremental encoder is used as a rotary encoder, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example,
As shown in FIG. 5, a rotating disk 41 having several stages of slits formed over the entire circumference of an annular glass plate is provided. The light emitted from the light emitting diode 42 is turned into parallel light by a collimator lens 43 and rotated. A so-called absolute type, which is configured to transmit through the board 41 and receive light by the light receiving sensor 44 and detect an absolute position of an angle by a pattern of light received by the light receiving sensor 44, may be used.

[0016]

As is apparent from the above description, according to the present invention, the predetermined angle for operating the notifying means is increased or decreased according to the rotation speed of the collimating telescope. Even if the main body is rotated at a high speed, the operation of the notifying means does not cause the surveying instrument main body to rotate too much, and the notifying means operates even when the main body is rotated at a low speed. The time between pivoting to the set angle from the end is not unnecessarily long.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of a rotary encoder.

FIG. 3 is a plan view for explaining a rotation operation.

FIG. 4 is an angular velocity diagram in another embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram of another rotary encoder.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 surveying instrument 2 collimating telescope 3 rotary encoder

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A surveying instrument equipped with a collimating telescope is held rotatably in at least a horizontal direction, and has angle detecting means for detecting a turning angle of the surveying instrument main body. When rotating the surveying instrument main body to match the sub-direction to the set direction, when the deviation between the actual collimation direction and the set direction is within a range of a predetermined angle or less, there is a notifying means for notifying that fact. A surveying instrument characterized by detecting a turning speed of a surveying instrument main body and increasing or decreasing a predetermined angle for activating said notifying means according to the magnitude of the turning speed. 2. A collimating telescope, comprising: a surveying instrument main body provided with a collimating telescope which is rotatably held at least in a horizontal direction, and having angle detecting means for detecting a turning angle of the surveying instrument main body. When rotating the surveying instrument main body to match the sub-direction to the set direction, when the deviation between the actual collimation direction and the set direction is within a range of a predetermined angle or less, there is a notifying means for notifying that fact. The surveying instrument is provided with deceleration estimating means for detecting the rotation speed of the surveying instrument main body and estimating the deceleration of the surveying instrument main body from the turning speed, and the notifying means is provided in accordance with the magnitude of the estimated deceleration. A surveying instrument characterized by increasing or decreasing a predetermined angle for actuating.