JP2002355689A - Apparatus for cleaning water flowing in closed water area - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an apparatus for cleaning water flowing in a closed water area constituted so as not only to reduce clogging with a pollutant but also to enhance the removing ratio of the pollutant. SOLUTION: The water cleaning apparatus is equipped with a front stage gravel bank body 6 arranged on the side of an external water area E and a rear stage gravel bank body 7 arranged on the side of the closed water area C. The particle size of gravel of the front stage gravel bank body 6 is made coarser than that of the gravel of the rear stage gravel bank body 7. A filter 8 is provided to the front of the front stage gravel bank body 6 and a backwashing device 18 is provided to the filter 8.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for purifying water flowing into a closed water area such as a sea, a lake, a pond, or the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Closed water areas in the sea, lakes, marshes, ponds, and the like are used as aquariums, fisheries research stations, research laboratories, farms, show pools, and other water tanks. When water is introduced into tanks, for example, A slit is provided in the embankment that forms the side wall of the water tank, and water is introduced from the slit in the embankment to enhance water exchangeability between the closed water area and the external water area, thereby maintaining and improving the water quality of the closed water area. There is known an apparatus for achieving this.
Further, there is also known an apparatus in which stones, gravel and the like are stacked to form a water-permeable embankment, and this embankment is used as a side wall of a water tank (see Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-3956).

[0003]

In the above-mentioned conventional apparatus for introducing water into a closed water area, in which a slit is provided in the embankment body, although the water exchangeability between the closed water area and the external water area is high, the embankment body itself is not provided. Has no purification function, and if the water in the external water area is not clean, there is a problem that it does not contribute to the improvement of the water quality in the closed water area.

[0004] On the other hand, in the case where a stone or gravel is piled up to have a water-permeable embankment, the contaminants can be removed by the filtering action of the stone and the gravel while passing through the embankment. However, this device has the problem that if the diameter of stones and gravel is reduced in order to improve the filtration rate, the passage of water will be blocked by pollutants, and the living organisms living between the stones and gravel will be affected. There is also a problem that the dissolved oxygen in the water decreases due to the respiratory action, and water with less dissolved oxygen is supplied to the closed water area.

[0005] The object of the present invention is to solve the above problems,
It is an object of the present invention to provide an apparatus for purifying inflow water in a closed water area in which clogging by pollutants is reduced and the pollutant removal rate is increased.

[0006]

Means for Solving the Problems and Effects of the Invention The present invention relates to a device for purifying water flowing into a closed water area such as a sea, a lake, a pond or the like. It has a front gravel embankment arranged and a rear gravel embankment arranged on the closed water area side, and the particle size of the former gravel embankment is made coarser than that of the latter gravel embankment .

In order to make the particle size of the former gravel levee larger than that of the latter gravel levee, for example, the former gravel levee may be coarse sand, and the latter gravel levee may be fine sand. The gravel levee may be gravel, and the later gravel levee may be coarse sand.

According to the apparatus for purifying inflow water in a closed water area according to the present invention, blockage is prevented by using a substance having a large particle size in the external water area, and pollutants can be prevented by using a substance having a small particle size in the closed water area. The removal rate is increased.

[0009] The above-mentioned apparatus for purifying inflow water in a closed water area preferably further comprises a filter arranged in front of the front gravel levee. Thereby, the blockage of the gravel embankment can be further prevented. In this case, it is preferable to further include a backwashing device for the filter. The backwashing device is extended, for example, to a backwashing pump, a backwashing water intake pipe communicating between the backwashing pump and the closed water area, and from the backwashing pump to near an outlet end of a discharge pipe of a filter. It is provided with a backwash water discharge pipe and a backwash gate capable of communicating the backwash water discharge pipe with the discharge pipe of the filter. In this case, the filter can be regenerated by appropriately backwashing the filter.

[0010] The filter may be arranged at a stage after the downstream gravel body. In this case, it is preferable that the former gravel levee has a coarse particle size so that it is difficult to block,
Further, it is more preferable to further include a backwashing device for removing pollutants from the filter to regenerate the processing capacity. This backwashing device includes, for example, a backwashing pump, a backwashing water intake pipe communicating the backwashing pump with the inside of the closed water area, and a backwashing water extending from the backwashing pump to a backwashing water introduction chamber communicating with the filter. Backwashed water with a flush water outlet pipe, an open gate for backwash provided in the backwash water introduction chamber, and a filter that passes vertically through the filter and has an upper end located at the top inside the casing and a lower end located outside the casing. And a discharge pipe. In this case,
Forced backwashing is performed by the pressure of the backwashing pump. Also,
The backwashing device may further include a backwash head tank that can raise the backwash water to a height equal to the water head corresponding to the sum of the path pressure loss to the filter and the clogging pressure loss of the filter. In this case, the backwash can be performed by natural gravity without setting the pressure of the backwash pump to be equal to or higher than the required backwash pressure. In any case, the filter can be regenerated by backwashing the filter with the backwashing device.

Further, it is preferable that a weir is provided between the former gravel levee body and the latter gravel levee body to allow inflow water to overflow. With this configuration, when the inflowing water overflows, oxygen is supplied into the water, and water suitable for growing organisms is supplied into the closed water area.

[0012]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of a purifying apparatus for inflow water in a closed water area according to the present invention. The apparatus (1) for purifying inflow water in a closed water area includes an external water area in a sea, a lake, a pond or the like.
A device for purifying water flowing from (E) to a closed water area (C), comprising: a rectangular parallelepiped casing (2); and a first, sequentially provided in the casing (2) along the water inflow direction. Second and third partition walls (3) (4) (5), first partition wall (3) and second partition wall (4)
Gravel embankment (6) and third partition (5)
A rear-stage gravel levee body (7) provided between the casing and the closed water area side wall (2b) of the casing (2), and a filter (8) provided in the external water area (E).

At the lower end of the outer water area side wall (2a) of the casing (2), a raw water inlet (9) which is always open is provided, and the closed water area side wall (2b) of the casing (2) is provided. At the lower end, a purified water outlet (10) opened and closed by an open / close gate (11)
Is provided.

The first partition wall (3) has a first storage tank (3) for storing water flowing into the casing (2) to a predetermined height between the casing and the outer water side wall (2a) of the casing (2). 12) is formed. Above the first partition wall (3), there is provided a weir (13) that allows water to overflow from the first storage tank (12) to the upstream gravel levee body (6).

The second partition wall (4) and the third partition wall (5) form a second storage tank (14) for storing water having passed through the preceding gravel levee body (6) to a predetermined height. I have. At the lower end of the second partition wall (4), the water flowing down from the top gravel levee body (6)
An inflow water passage hole (15) to be introduced into the storage tank (14) is provided. The upper end position of the third partition wall (5) is slightly above the upper surface of the second gravel levee body (7), so that the upper part of the third partition wall (5) is located in the second stage from the second storage tank (14). A weir (16) is formed in the gravel body (7) to allow water to overflow.

The particle size of the first gravel levee (6) is
The grain size is larger than that of (7). In this embodiment, the former gravel levee body (6) is formed of coarse sand, and the latter gravel levee body (7) is formed of fine sand.

The filter (8) is provided with a filter sand layer (8b) in the middle of the height of the tank (8a), and passes through a discharge pipe (17) provided at the lower end of the tank (8a). It is connected to the raw water inlet (9). This allows the sand layer to flow from the upper end of the tank (8a)
The water that has passed through (8b) is introduced into the casing (2).

The filter (8) is provided with a backwash device (18) for regenerating the filter (8). The backwashing device (18) is a backwashing pump (21) disposed on the top wall (2c) of the casing (2), and a backwashing pump (21) communicating with the inside of the closed water area (C). Washing water intake pipe (22) and drain pipe of filter (8) from backwash pump (21)
Backwash water outlet pipe extended to near the outlet end of (17)
(23) and a backwashing gate (24) that communicates the backwash water blow-off pipe (23) and the discharge pipe (17) of the filter (8) when it is moved downward in a freely movable manner. Become.

According to the apparatus (1) for purifying inflow water in a closed water area of the first embodiment, the water in the external water area (E) is separated from the former gravel embankment body.
Water is taken by a filter (8) provided in the preceding stage of (6), and here, most of pollutants are removed. The filtered water passes through the former gravel levee (6) and the latter gravel levee (7) to further remove its pollutants, and at the same time purifies the water by nitrification and denitrification by microorganisms. Will be Also, at the time of inflow from the first storage tank (12) to the front gravel levee body (6) and at the time of flowing from the second storage tank (14) to the rear gravel levee body (7), the inflow water flows into the weir (13) ( By flowing over 14), sufficient oxygen is supplied to the water introduced into the closed water area (C).

When the filtration resistance of the filter (8) rises due to the pollutants, the backwashing gate (24) is lowered downward as shown by the dashed line in FIG. 1 In addition to shutting off the storage tank (12), the backwash water outlet pipe (23) is connected to the discharge pipe (17) of the filter (8), and the backwash water is supplied to the filter (8). Can be backwashed. As a result, pollutants in the filter (8) are eliminated, and the filter (8) is regenerated.

FIGS. 2 and 3 show a second embodiment of the apparatus for purifying closed water area inflow water according to the present invention. In FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the closed water area inflow water purification apparatus (31) has a rectangular parallelepiped shape. A casing (32) and first, second, third, fourth, and fifth partition walls (33), (34), (35), (36) that are sequentially provided in the casing (32) along the inflow direction of water. ) (37) and the first partition (33)
Gravel embankment body (38) provided between the ground and the second partition wall (34)
A rear gravel body (39) provided between the third partition wall (35) and the fourth partition wall (36), a fifth partition wall (37) and a casing (3).
The filter (4) provided between the closed water area side wall (32b) of (2)
0).

Outer water side wall (32a) of casing (32)
Has a screen excluding the upper end,
Raw water is introduced through this screen. At the lower end of the closed water area side wall (32b) of the casing (32), a purified water outlet that is opened and closed by an open / close gate (42).
(41) is provided.

The first partition wall (33) is provided between the casing (32) and the outer water side wall (32a) for storing the water flowing into the casing (32) to a predetermined height. 43), and a first storage tank (43) is provided above the first partition wall (33).
There is a weir (44) that allows water to flow over the gravel embankment (38).

The second partition wall (34) and the third partition wall (35) form a second storage tank (45) for storing water having passed through the preceding gravel levee body (38) to a predetermined height. I have. At the lower end of the second partition wall (34), there is provided an inflow water passage hole (46) for introducing the water flowing from the top gravel levee body (38) from above to the second storage tank (45). I have. Above the third partition wall (35), there is provided a weir (47) that allows water to overflow from the second storage tank (45) to the downstream gravel levee body (39).

The particle size of the first gravel embankment (38) is
In this embodiment, the former gravel levee body (38) is formed of gravel, and the latter gravel levee body (39) is formed of coarse sand.

The fourth partition wall (36) and the fifth partition wall (37) form a third storage tank (48) for storing water having passed through the latter gravel levee body (39) to a predetermined height. I have. At the lower end of the fourth partition wall (36), there is provided an inflow water passage hole (49) for introducing the water flowing down from the top gravel levee body (39) into the third storage tank (48). I have. Above the fifth partition wall (37), a weir (50) for flowing water from the third storage tank (48) to the filter (40) is provided. The weir (50) can be closed by a backwash closing gate (51).

The filter (40) is provided with a backwashing device (52) for regenerating the filter (40). The backwashing device (52) is a backwashing pump (61) arranged on the top wall (32c) of the casing (32).
A backwash water intake pipe (62) for communicating the backwash pump (61) with the inside of the closed water area (C); and a third storage tank (4) from the backwash pump (61).
8) The backwash water outlet pipe (63) extended to the lower part of
A backwash water introduction chamber (64) arranged at the bottom of the storage tank (48) so as to surround the lower part of the fifth partition wall (37);
A pipe joint (103) for communicating the (63) with the backwash water introduction chamber (64),
Backwash water inlet (65) provided at the bottom of the fifth partition (37)
And a backwash opening gate (66) provided at the backwash water inlet (65), and a filter (40) vertically penetrating the upper end
A backwashed water discharge pipe (67) whose lower end is located outside the casing (32) at the top in (32).

According to the apparatus (31) for purifying inflow water in a closed water area of the second embodiment, the water in the external water area (E) is supplied to the casing (3).
2) Water is taken from the external water area side wall (32a) made of screen,
Here, large trash is removed. The water flowing into the casing (32) is divided into the first gravel levee body (38) and the second gravel levee body.
By passing through (39), pollutants are removed, and at the same time, purification of water by nitrification and denitrification by microorganisms is performed. Further, by passing through the filter (40), fine pollutants are also removed, and the transparency is further improved. Also, at the time of inflow from the first storage tank (43) to the former gravel embankment (38),
From the second storage tank (45) to the subsequent gravel embankment (39) and the third storage tank
At the time of inflow from (48) to the filter (40), the inflow water flows into the weir (44) (4
7) By flowing over (50), sufficient oxygen is supplied to the water introduced into the closed water area (C).

When the filtration resistance of the filter (40) increases due to the pollutants, the purified water outlet (41) provided on the closed water area side wall (32b) of the casing (32) is opened and closed by the open / close gate (42). ), The weir (50) for overflowing water from the third storage tank (48) to the filter (40) is also closed by the backwashing closing gate (51), and furthermore, the fifth partition wall (37). The gate (66) of the backwash water introduction port (65) provided at the lower part of ()) is opened, and the filter (40) can be backwashed by supplying backwash water. The backwash water introduction chamber (64) is an independent box, and when the backwash pump (61) having the required backwash pressure is started, all the backwash water flows into the filter (40) side. The backwashed water is discharged from the backwashed water discharge pipe (67) during the backwash, and is discharged from the purified water outlet (41) after the backwash.
As a result, pollutants in the filter (40) are eliminated, and the filter (40) is regenerated.

The backwashing device (52) for the filter in the second embodiment is based on forced backwashing by pump pressure, but natural gravity backwashing utilizing a difference in water level between compartments is also possible. . The embodiment is shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. In the third embodiment of the apparatus for purifying closed water area influent water according to the present invention shown in the same drawing, the configuration excluding a part of the backwashing device is the same as that of the second embodiment, and these configurations are the same. The description is omitted by attaching reference numerals.

The backwashing device (72) of the filter (40) of the third embodiment.
Is a backwash pump (61) disposed on the top wall (32c) of the casing (32), and a backwash water intake pipe (62) for communicating the backwash pump (61) with the inside of the closed water area (C). ) And the third from the backwash pump (61)
Backwash water outlet pipe (63) extended to the lower part of the storage tank (48)
And a backwash water introduction chamber (64) arranged so as to surround the lower part of the fifth partition wall (37) at the bottom of the third storage tank (48), and a partition plate with the third storage tank (48). And its upper end is the casing (3
A backwash head box (102) provided above the top wall (32c) of 2) and a pipe joint for communicating the backwash water discharge pipe (63) to the backwash water introduction chamber (64). (103), a backwash water inlet (65) provided at the lower part of the fifth partition wall (37), and a backwash opening gate (66) provided at the backwash water inlet (65).
And a backwashed water discharge pipe (67) whose upper end is located inside the casing (32) and whose lower end is located outside the casing (32), penetrating the filter (40) vertically.

According to the backwashing device (72) of the third embodiment, when the filtration resistance of the filter (40) rises, the casing (3
Purified water outlet provided on the closed water area side wall (32b) in 2)
(41) is closed by an open / close gate (42) and the third
A weir (50) that allows water to overflow from the storage tank (48) to the filter (40) is also closed by the backwash closing gate (51), and is provided at the lower part of the fifth partition wall (37). By keeping the gate (66) of the backwash water inlet (65) open and supplying backwash water, the filter (40) can be backwashed. The backwash water introduction chamber (64) and the backwash head box (102) are communicated with each other by an opening equal to the size of the backwash water introduction chamber (64). (64) and those entering through the bottom of the filter (40) in the compartment through the opening and those entering the backwash head tank (102). The water level on the backwash head tank (102) side is "path pressure drop to the filter (40)"
+ Ascending to a level equivalent to the water head corresponding to "clogging pressure loss of the filter (40)", and backwashing starts. Backwashed water is
During the backwash, the water is discharged from the backwashed water discharge pipe (67), and after the backwash, the water is discharged from the purified water outlet (41). As a result, pollutants in the filter (40) are eliminated, and the filter (40) is regenerated.

Either one of the backwashing device (52) of the second embodiment and the backwashing device (72) of the third embodiment is suitably employed, but it is also possible to combine both. According to the backwashing device (forced pressure backwashing) (52) of the second embodiment,
By increasing the pressure of the backwash pump (61), it is possible to cope with the degree of clogging of the filter in any way, and has the advantage of easy design and handling. According to (Natural gravity backwashing) (72), the backwash water introduction chamber (6
Since 4) is not pressurized, there is an advantage that the strength of the body of the casing (32) can be kept low.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing a first embodiment of a device for purifying inflow water in a closed water area according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view showing a second embodiment of the device for purifying closed water area inflow water according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of the same.

FIG. 4 is a front view showing a third embodiment of the device for purifying closed water area inflow water according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a plan view of the same.

[Explanation of symbols]

 (1) Purification device for inflow water in closed water area (6) Gravel levee body in front stage (7) Gravel levee body in downstream stage (8) Filter (18) Backwashing device (31) Purification device for inflow water in closed water area (38) Gravel front gravels Embankment (39) Rear gravel embankment (40) Filter (52) Backwashing device (72) Backwashing device (G) External water area (H) Closed water area

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) B01D 29/38 520A (72) Inventor Morihiko 1-7-89 Minami Kohoku, Suminoe-ku, Osaka Tsuchizo Shipbuilding Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Tsuyoshi Ogawa 1-7-89 Minami Kohoku, Suminoe-ku, Osaka F-term (reference) 4T003 AA01 BA07 CA02 DA01 EA01 EA22 EA23 EA31 4D041 BA03 BB04 BB12 BC22 CB00 CC04 4D066 AA07 AB10

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A device for purifying water flowing into a closed water area such as a sea, a lake, a marsh, a pond, etc., comprising: a first-stage gravel levee disposed on an external water area side; A purification device for inflow of inflow water in a closed water area, wherein the grain size of the former gravel levee is made coarser than the grain size of the latter gravel levee. 2. The apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a filter disposed upstream of the gravel levee body. 3. The apparatus according to claim 2, further comprising a backwashing device for the filter. 4. The apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a filter disposed downstream of the rear gravel body. 5. The apparatus according to claim 4, further comprising a backwashing device for the filter. 6. A method according to claim 6, wherein the first gravel body and the second gravel body are provided.
A weir for overflowing inflow water is provided.
The apparatus for purifying inflow water of a closed water area according to any one of the above.