JP2002349912A - Refrigerant-heated type air conditioner - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To resolve the problem of an air conditioner utilizing a refrigerant being brought into a dry state along with the increase in temperature in a room during heating and in an indoor release type combustor, with a room becoming not dried but a user being dissatisfied, due to generate of nitrogen oxide and the order. SOLUTION: At least a refrigerant-heated heat source apparatus is provided as an outdoor unit; the moisture content in exhaust gas exhausted from the refrigerant heating heat source apparatus is held in a total heat exchanger, and indoor air is humidified by using the moisture content.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a refrigerant heating type air conditioner provided with a refrigerant heating heat source device for heating a refrigerant during heating.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a means for complementing a dry state in a room in winter, it is general to use a humidifier of a feed water heater type or the like. On the other hand, a fan heater or the like that burns indoors and exhausts indoors is humidified by the moisture contained in the combustion exhaust gas, so that indoor drying is reduced.

Further, as known in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-203237, a conventional refrigerant-heated air conditioner discharges exhaust gas as it is to the atmosphere.

[0004] As a humidification method without water supply, there is a method in which moisture in the atmosphere is retained using a desiccant formed into a honeycomb shape, and is conveyed indoors as humidification air.

[0005]

However, in order to take in the moisture in the atmosphere into the room by desiccant, a large structure is required in order to obtain sufficient capacity even at low temperature and low humidity. In addition, sufficient heating is required to desorb the water once adsorbed on the desiccant, and at this time, a large amount of energy is required since both the adsorbed water and the structure constituting the desiccant must be heated. was there. Further, in the conventional refrigerant-heated air conditioner, the moisture in the combustion exhaust gas has been discharged to the air unnecessarily.

The present invention has been made to solve such a conventional problem, and provides an air conditioner capable of effectively utilizing moisture previously discarded for indoor humidification while burning fuel such as kerosene. The purpose is to.

[0007]

According to the present invention, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, at least a refrigerant heating heat source device is provided in an outdoor unit, and moisture in exhaust gas exhausted from the refrigerant heating heat source device is supplied to a total heat exchanger. It is a refrigerant heating type air conditioner characterized by holding and humidifying indoor air using the moisture.

[0008] With the above configuration, the moisture in the combustion exhaust gas, which has been conventionally wasted, can be effectively used for humidifying the room. Since only the moisture in the exhaust gas is retained by the moisture-permeable partition plate of the total heat exchanger, nitrogen oxides and carbon dioxide are separated from the moisture, and clean outdoor air is supplied to the indoor side in a humidified state. In addition, in the desorption of water, since the partition plate having moisture permeability is heated by the heat of the combustion exhaust gas, the air is blown and humidified while utilizing the heat, so that the energy can be effectively used. Further, in the conventional desiccant humidification system, the blowing means is required for both the suction side and the desorption side circuits, but in the present invention, it is required only for the intake side.

[0009]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION A refrigerant heating type air conditioner according to a first embodiment of the present invention includes at least a refrigerant heating heat source device in an outdoor unit, and removes moisture in exhaust gas discharged from the refrigerant heating heat source device. It is held in a total heat exchanger and humidifies room air using the moisture.

[0010] In the refrigerant heating type air conditioner according to the second embodiment of the present invention, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor is sent to the indoor heat exchanger through a connection pipe, and the refrigerant flowing out of the indoor heat exchanger is connected. In a refrigerant heating type air conditioner, which is heated by a refrigerant heating heat source device via a pipe and sent to the compressor, the water content in the exhaust gas is determined by a total heat exchanger disposed at an exhaust gas outlet of the refrigerant heating heat source device. Is held in the total heat exchanger, and outdoor air is supplied to the total heat exchanger by blowing means.

A refrigerant heating type air conditioner according to a third embodiment of the present invention sends a refrigerant discharged from a compressor to an indoor heat exchanger via a connection pipe, and connects the refrigerant flowing out of the indoor heat exchanger to the refrigerant. In an air conditioner heated by a refrigerant heating heat source device via a pipe and sent to the compressor, the moisture in the exhaust gas is completely removed by a total heat exchanger disposed at an exhaust gas outlet of the refrigerant heating heat source device. It is held in a heat exchanger and supplies room air to the total heat exchanger by a blowing means.

[0012] In a refrigerant heating type air conditioner according to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the total heat exchanger is formed by alternately stacking partition plates having moisture permeability and spacing plates for maintaining the flow path height.
A primary flow path and a secondary flow path for performing wet / dry exchange through the partition plate are formed in a direction substantially orthogonal to the primary flow path.

[0013] In a refrigerant heating type air conditioner according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention, the total heat exchanger is formed by alternately stacking partition plates having moisture permeability and spacing plates for maintaining the flow path height.
The primary flow path and the secondary flow path for performing wet and dry exchange via the partition plate pass through the entire heat exchanger by turning the direction by 90 degrees, and the primary flow path and the secondary flow path are substantially opposed to each other. Is formed.

[0014] In a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the refrigerant heating type air conditioner, the temperature when the exhaust gas is supplied to the total heat exchanger is 60 to 130 ° C.

In a refrigerant heating type air conditioner according to an embodiment of the present invention, the total heat exchanger is mainly composed of an inorganic structure having acid resistance.

[0016] In a refrigerant heating type air conditioner according to an eighth aspect of the present invention, the partition plate carries a hydrophilic synthetic zeolite.

In a ninth embodiment of the present invention, the synthetic zeolite has an average pore diameter of 0.3 to 0.6 nm.

[0018] In a refrigerant heating type air conditioner according to a tenth embodiment of the present invention, the partition plate is supported on a magnesium alloy or magnesium hydroxide.

An air conditioner according to an eleventh aspect of the present invention is characterized in that a heater for heating is disposed upstream of the total heat exchanger.

A twelfth embodiment of the present invention is directed to a refrigerant heating type air conditioner, wherein activated carbon is disposed in a humidifying air blowing circuit from the total heat exchanger to the indoor unit.

[0021] In a refrigerant heating type air conditioner according to a thirteenth embodiment of the present invention, an allyl isocyanate is provided in a humidification blower circuit from the total heat exchanger to the indoor unit.

According to a fourteenth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an air conditioner having a refrigerant heating system, wherein the allyl isocyanate is microencapsulated with gelatin or agar.

[0023]

(Embodiment 1) An embodiment of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a refrigerant heating type air conditioner according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. The refrigerant heating type air conditioner includes an indoor unit represented by the indoor heat exchanger 1, a compressor 2, an outdoor heat exchanger 3, a check valve 4 connected to the outdoor heat exchanger 3, a capillary tube, A connecting pipe 9 connecting an outdoor unit having a pressure reducing device 5 such as an expansion valve, a two-way valve 6, a four-way valve 7, and a check valve 8 and having respective components connected by piping;
10 to form a refrigeration cycle. In addition, in the outdoor unit, in addition to these components, a refrigerant heating device 11 as a heat source device for heating the refrigerant, a fuel tank 12 for supplying fuel to the refrigerant heating device 11, and A total heat exchanger section 13 is provided for adsorbing and desorbing moisture, and the combustion exhaust gas is discharged from an exhaust port 14 after passing through the total heat exchanger section 13. In addition, outdoor air is supplied from the outside air inlet 15 to the total heat exchanger section 13 by another blowing circuit 16. At this time, moisture adsorbed on the total heat exchanger section 13 is desorbed and guided to the blowing path 16. To the indoor unit. A sirocco fan or turbo fan type blower fan 17 and activated carbon filter 1 are provided in the middle of blower circuit 16.
A formulation 19 filled with 8 and allyl isocyanate is provided. The activated carbon filter 18 prevents the introduction of odors from the exhaust gas flow path and the outdoor air in the total heat exchanger, and the preparation 18 filled with allyl isocyanate has an antibacterial and antifungal action inside the ventilation circuit 16. The humidified outdoor air is discharged into the indoor space while being mixed with the air in the indoor unit ventilation circuit. For the blower circuit 16, a pipe having excellent heat insulation performance is used to prevent dew condensation of the humidified air.

When performing cooling, the refrigerant is compressed by the compressor 2 and condensed by the outdoor heat exchanger 3 through the four-way valve 7 to radiate heat in the same manner as a normal heat pump. 4, adiabatically expanded by the decompression device 5, evaporates in the indoor heat exchanger 1 through the connection pipe 9 to absorb heat, cools the room, and then connects the connection pipe 10, the four-way valve 7, the check valve Returning to the compressor 2 via 8. The connection pipe 9 is generally called a gas line, and the connection pipe 10 is called a liquid line.

On the other hand, at the time of heating, the refrigerant in the refrigeration cycle is heated by the heat generated by the combustion of the fuel sent from the fuel tank 12 in the refrigerant heating device 11, and this is heated by the transfer capacity of the compressor 2 to the four-way valve 7. Then, the refrigerant is sent to the indoor heat exchanger 1, where the refrigerant is condensed to radiate heat to heat the room and return to the refrigerant heating device 11 via the two-way valve 6. At this time, when the combustion of kerosene occurs in the refrigerant heating device 11, the hydrocarbon reacts with oxygen to form water and carbon dioxide. Therefore, the exhaust gas contains a lot of water vapor,
This water vapor is efficiently adsorbed and recovered in the total heat exchanger unit 13. At this time, since the exhaust gas contains a small amount of thermal NOx and SOx derived from the fuel together with carbon dioxide generated by combustion, the obtained adsorbed water shows acidity.

FIG. 2 is a view showing the principle configuration of the total heat exchanger section 13 for adsorbing and desorbing moisture. The total heat exchanger uses, as a partition plate 131 having moisture permeability, a sheet in which a synthetic zeolite having an average pore diameter of 0.4 nm is dispersed and supported on a sheet mainly composed of glass fiber having a fiber diameter of about 5 μm and a fiber length of 3 to 5 mm, A PET film is alternately stacked in a mountain shape as the spacing plate 132 for maintaining the flow path height, and the primary flow path and the secondary flow path for performing the wet / dry exchange via the partition plate are located in a method in which the flow path is orthogonal. . The heat of the exhaust gas allows the total heat exchanger section to be maintained in a heated state. As a result, even when the outdoor air having an outside air temperature of about 0 to 10 ° C. is blown, it is possible to desorb the air without using a heater for desorption, and for this purpose, exhaust gas is transferred to the upstream side of the total heat exchanger.
It had to be fed at 0-130 ° C. At 60 ° C. or lower, a heater is required, and at 130 ° C. or higher, it is difficult to adsorb moisture to zeolite. However, a refrigerant-heated air conditioner is often used in a cold region where heating capacity is insufficient due to frequent use of de-ice in general heat pump heating, so that outdoor air may be below freezing. For this purpose, it is preferable to arrange a heating auxiliary heater upstream as the auxiliary air is supplied to the total heat exchanger. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the principle configuration of such a total heat exchanger section for absorbing and desorbing moisture.

For example, when kerosene is used as fuel,
In a tatami room, when the heating is started, the rated combustion is almost 0.54
L / h is consumed. The amount of water generated by burning this kerosene is theoretically about 690 g. Also, when the temperature in the room gradually rises, the heat load decreases, depending on the heat insulation performance,
The consumption is 0.23 L / h. Even at this time, about 300 g of water is generated. When the combustion amount is too large to collect water, it is discharged from the exhaust port as water vapor.However, when the combustion amount is small, it is sufficiently recovered by the total heat exchanger, and the total heat exchanger can hold a certain amount of humidifying water or less. become. It is also possible to temporarily store the water generated when the combustion amount is large in the total heat exchanger. 10 tatami room at 20 ° C and relative humidity 50
%, The amount of water required to achieve a generally comfortable state is about 360 g. Therefore, depending on the ventilation state of the room, drying of the room can be achieved by using the moisture in the combustion exhaust gas to humidify the indoor side. Relaxed enough.

200 × 200 × 200 as total heat exchanger
The humidification amount of about 150 g was able to be obtained by continuing humidification under the condition of a fuel consumption of 0.23 L / h using a primary passage having a height of 2 mm and a primary passage and a secondary passage having a height of 2 mm.

(Embodiment 2) In this embodiment, the desorption from the total heat exchanger is performed using room air. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating a refrigerant-heated air conditioner according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. The description of the components of the refrigerant heating type air conditioner, which is the same as that of the first embodiment, is omitted. After the indoor air is obtained from the indoor unit and passes through the blower circuit 20, the indoor air humidified by the desorbed moisture that has passed through the total heat exchanger unit 21 is supplied to the indoor unit again through the blower circuit 16, and The air is released into the indoor space while being mixed with the air in the circuit. For the blower circuits 16 and 20, pipes having excellent heat insulating performance are used to prevent dew condensation of the humidified air.

FIG. 5 shows a total heat exchanger section 2 for adsorbing and desorbing moisture.
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a principle configuration of FIG. In the present embodiment, the passage for the exhaust gas and the passage for the humidifying air are configured so as to proceed in a substantially counterflow manner while turning the inside of the total heat exchanger by 90 degrees. The used material is almost the same as that of the first embodiment. A partition plate 211 having a moisture permeability and a synthetic zeolite dispersed and supported on a sheet mainly composed of glass fiber is used, and a spacing plate 212 for maintaining the flow path height is used. The PET film was processed into a mountain shape so that the flow path was rotated by 90 degrees, and alternately laminated. The heat of the exhaust gas allows the total heat exchanger section to be maintained in a heated state. As a result, the total heat exchanger had more humidity than outdoor air.
Since room air at around ° C. is blown, moisture can be desorbed without using a heater for desorption. Further, since the heat loss in the total heat exchanger section is small, the temperature at which exhaust gas is supplied to the upstream side of the total heat exchanger section can be made lower than in the first embodiment. As a result, more moisture can be supplied by humidification or a predetermined amount of humidification can be performed by a more compact total heat exchanger.

As the total heat exchanger, 200 as in the first embodiment was used.
A humidification amount of about 180 g could be obtained by continuing humidification under the condition of a fuel consumption of 0.23 L / h using a × 200 × 200 mm, and a primary passage and a secondary passage having a height of 2 mm. .

In this embodiment, hydrophilic zeolite is used. However, trace amounts of various unburned substances are contained in the exhaust gas. It also causes odor on the machine side. To prevent this, it was preferable to select a hydrophilic zeolite. In addition, zeolite has pores inside as generally called molecular sieve. Water has a molecular diameter of 0.28 nm, and hydrocarbon-based odor components have a molecular diameter of 0.6 nm or more. Therefore, optimizing the average pore diameter of zeolite also improves the selectivity of water adsorption. Further, the effect of suppressing odor generation can be obtained.

The preparation filled with allyl isocyanate used in the present invention is generally used by mixing with oil or fat or impregnating with silica gel, zeolite or the like. Encapsulation allows for more effective use. In other words, the antibacterial and antifungal effects are required when the user is using the humidifying function, and at that time, the inside of the blower circuit naturally has too much moisture. Gelatin and agar can expand and release allyl isocyanate when moisture is high, and can contract and suppress release of allyl isocyanate when moisture is low, so that a predetermined amount of allyl isocyanate can be used efficiently over a long period of time. .

[0035]

As is clear from the description of the above embodiment,
According to the first aspect of the invention, the moisture in the combustion exhaust gas, which has been wasted in the past, can be effectively used for humidifying the room.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the moisture in the combustion exhaust gas, which has been wasted in the past, can be effectively used for humidifying the room. Since only the moisture in the exhaust gas is retained by the moisture-permeable partition plate of the total heat exchanger, nitrogen oxides and carbon dioxide are separated from the moisture, and clean outdoor air is supplied to the indoor side in a humidified state. In addition, since the desorption of water is performed by the heat of the combustion exhaust gas, the air is blown while using the heat and humidified, so that the energy can be effectively used. Further, in the conventional desiccant humidification system, the blowing means is required for both the suction side and the desorption side circuits, but in the present invention, it is required only for the intake side.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, by supplying indoor air to the total heat exchanger, moisture can be desorbed without using a detachable heater at any time of the outside temperature. Becomes possible. Furthermore, since the heat loss in the total heat exchanger is small, the temperature at which exhaust gas is supplied to the total heat exchanger can be lower than that in the case of outdoor air. As a result, more moisture can be supplied by humidification or a predetermined amount of humidification can be performed by a more compact total heat exchanger.

According to the fourth aspect of the invention, the moisture in the combustion exhaust gas is adsorbed and recovered from the primary flow path to the partition plate, and the desorbed water is added to the air supplied from the secondary flow path. Therefore, adsorption and desorption can be performed for humidification with a compact structure. In addition, since the heat of the partition plate heated by the exhaust gas is also transferred to the desorbed air, efficient heat utilization is achieved, and the heater for desorption does not need to be used.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the primary flow path and the secondary flow path for performing the wet and dry exchange are turned by 90 degrees inside the total heat exchanger, and the primary flow path and the secondary flow path are substantially opposed to each other. When the water is passed and passed, the water is efficiently supplied from the primary channel for adsorbing water to the secondary channel for desorbing moisture, so that a compact structure is possible. Or more humidification is possible with the same volume.

According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the temperature at the time of supplying the exhaust gas to the total heat exchanger is set to 60 to 130 ° C., so that the moisture is efficiently collected and retained and desorbed in the total heat exchanger. I was able to.

According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, a total heat exchanger having excellent durability can be provided by constituting the total heat exchanger mainly with an inorganic structure having acid resistance.

According to the eighth aspect of the present invention, by using a hydrophilic zeolite, it is possible to make it difficult to adsorb substance molecules that cause odor.

According to the ninth aspect of the present invention, by limiting the average pore diameter of the zeolite, the selectivity can be improved such that water vapor molecules are adsorbed but substance molecules which cause odor generation are hardly adsorbed. Can be.

According to the tenth aspect of the invention, by using a magnesium-based alloy or magnesium hydroxide, it is possible to sufficiently neutralize the acid content contained in the exhaust gas.

According to the eleventh aspect of the present invention, the outdoor air is supplied to the total heat exchanger, and the collected water can be desorbed even when the outside air temperature is below freezing.

According to the twelfth aspect of the present invention, by arranging the activated carbon on the way of the humidifying air blow circuit, it is possible to sufficiently prevent the odor from entering the indoor unit from the total heat exchanger or the outdoor air.

According to the thirteenth aspect of the present invention, by disposing allyl isocyanate in the middle of the humidifying blower circuit, antibacterial and antifungal in the humidifier blower circuit can be sufficiently performed.

According to the invention, when allyl isocyanate is microencapsulated with gelatin or agar, when there is sufficient moisture in the ventilation circuit,
That is, the antibacterial and antifungal effects can be exhibited only when the user is using the humidifying function.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a refrigerant-heated air conditioner according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a principle configuration diagram of a total heat exchanger section according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the principle configuration of a total heat exchanger section according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a refrigerant-heated air conditioner according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a principle configuration diagram of a total heat exchanger section according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Compressor 2 Indoor heat exchanger 3 Outdoor heat exchanger 4 Check valve 5 Pressure reducing device 6 Two-way valve 7 Four-way valve 8 Check valve 9 Connection piping 10 Connection piping 11 Refrigerant heating device 12 Fuel tank 13 Total heat exchanger 14 Exhaust port 15 External air inlet 16 Ventilation circuit 17 Ventilation fan 18 Activated carbon filter 19 Formulation filled with allyl isocyanate 20 Ventilation path 21 Total heat exchanger

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continued on the front page F term (reference) 3L055 AA01 BA01 CA02 CA04 DA05 3L060 AA07 CC01 EE07 EE08 3L092 MA01 NA11 PA11

Claims (14)

[Claims] At least a refrigerant heating heat source device is provided in an outdoor unit, moisture in exhaust gas exhausted from the refrigerant heating heat source device is held in a total heat exchanger, and room air is humidified using the moisture. A refrigerant heating type air conditioner characterized by the above-mentioned. 2. A refrigerant discharged from a compressor is sent to an indoor heat exchanger via a connection pipe, and a refrigerant flowing out of the indoor heat exchanger is heated by a refrigerant heating heat source device via a connection pipe to produce the compressor. In the refrigerant heating air conditioner, the moisture in the exhaust gas is retained in the total heat exchanger by a total heat exchanger disposed at an exhaust gas outlet of the refrigerant heating heat source device, and the total heat exchanger is A refrigerant-heated air conditioner, characterized in that outdoor air is supplied to the air conditioner by a blowing means. 3. The refrigerant discharged from the compressor is sent to an indoor heat exchanger via a connection pipe, and the refrigerant flowing out of the indoor heat exchanger is heated by a refrigerant heating heat source device via a connection pipe to produce the compressor. In the air conditioner, the moisture in the exhaust gas is retained in the total heat exchanger by a total heat exchanger disposed at the exhaust gas outlet of the refrigerant heating heat source device, and indoor air is supplied to the total heat exchanger. Air supplied by a blowing means. 4. A primary flow path and a secondary flow path in which the total heat exchanger alternately laminates moisture-permeable partition plates and spacing plates for maintaining a flow path height, and performs dry / humidity exchange through the partition plates. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the next flow path is formed in a direction substantially perpendicular to the first flow path.
4. The refrigerant-heated air conditioner according to any one of items 1 to 3. 5. A primary flow path and a secondary flow path in which the total heat exchanger alternately laminates moisture-permeable partition plates and spacing plates for maintaining a flow path height, and performs dry / humidity exchange through the partition plates. 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the next flow path passes through the inside of the total heat exchanger after turning the direction by 90 degrees, and the primary flow path and the secondary flow path are formed in a substantially opposite flow direction. The refrigerant-heated air conditioner according to claim 1. 6. The air conditioner according to claim 1, wherein the exhaust gas is supplied to the total heat exchanger at a temperature of 60 to 130 ° C. 7. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the total heat exchanger is mainly composed of an inorganic structure having acid resistance.
7. The refrigerant-heated air conditioner according to any one of items 1 to 6. 8. The air conditioner according to claim 4, wherein a hydrophilic synthetic zeolite is supported on the partition plate. 9. The synthetic zeolite having an average pore size of 0.1.
The refrigerant-heated air conditioner according to claim 8, wherein the thickness is 3 to 0.6 nm. 10. The air conditioner according to claim 4, wherein the partition plate is supported by a magnesium alloy or magnesium hydroxide. 11. The heating device according to claim 1, wherein a heating heater is provided upstream of said total heat exchanger.
11. The refrigerant-heated air conditioner according to any one of items 1 to 10. 12. A refrigerant-heating air conditioner according to claim 1, wherein activated carbon is disposed in a humidification ventilation circuit from the total heat exchanger to the indoor unit. Machine. 13. The refrigerant-heated air conditioner according to claim 1, wherein an allyl isocyanate is provided in a humidification blowing circuit from the total heat exchanger to the indoor unit. . 14. The air conditioner according to claim 13, wherein the allyl isocyanate is microencapsulated with gelatin or agar.