JP2002342563A - Computing computer program for 'environmental risk' of environmental accounting, and system and method for managing 'environment maintaining cost' of environmental accounting - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for computing the 'environmental risk' of a mechanism for environmental accounting and a computer program for actualizing the method and further to provide a computation managing method for 'environmental maintaining costs'. SOLUTION: Provided are (1) a procedure for computing an 'area range' wherein a 'factor affecting a living area' exerts influence from data (a) and (b) mentioned below, (2) a procedure for computing the population in a range around the point where the 'factor affecting the living area' is present from the 'area range' and data (c) mentioned below, and (3) a computer program which follows a procedure for computing the 'environmental risk' of the 'factor affecting the living area' from the population and data (d) mentioned below. Here, the data (a) show the 'frequency distribution function' of the 'factor affecting the living area' as an object of the 'environmental risk' computation, the data (b) the 'threshold' of the influence frequency of the 'factor affecting the living area', the data (c) a population distribution represented by a coordinate system, and the data (d) the amount of damage to a sufferer.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and a computer program for calculating costs used in environmental accounting, and more particularly to a computer program for calculating "environmental risk" which is one of the items of cost calculation. Things. One of the features is related to a program that calculates "environmental risk" such as "in the case of the diffusion of a target substance into the atmosphere" by relating the following data or the data of a) to d). is there. The data of ~ is the data of "basic function of frequency distribution of reference factor",
Correction data of the basic function of "factors affecting living area", "threshold" data of frequency of "factors affecting living area", population distribution data represented by a coordinate system,
The data of the victim's damage amount is equivalent, and a) to d) are a) “frequency distribution function” data of “factors affecting the living area” to be calculated for “environmental risk”, b)
"Threshold" data on the frequency of "factors affecting the living area", c) population distribution data expressed in a coordinate system,
d) Damage amount data of the victim corresponds. Further, the present invention relates to a system for managing “environmental maintenance costs” including cost information of “environmental risks” calculated by the computer program, and a management method thereof.

2. Description of the Related Art Guidelines by the Environment Agency (Ministry of the Environment) (20
(2000 report) states, "To promote sustainable and efficient environmental conservation activities while maintaining good relations with society, we aim to achieve sustainable development. Environmental accounting defines a mechanism for grasping (measuring), analyzing and publishing, as quantitatively as possible (displayed on a monetary or physical basis) the cost of conservation and the effects obtained from environmental conservation efforts as much as possible. In addition, we propose that a system should be developed to quantitatively calculate the necessary costs for the reduction of the environmental load caused by economic activities of companies and other entities in society, or for the preservation of these, in a monetary manner. "Economic activists" of companies and others are considering to create this mechanism. However, in practice,
“Economic activities” (including organizations that involve economic activities in all fields, such as companies, public facilities such as schools and hospitals, and research institutes) are complex and diverse in their economic activities. Looking at the "economic activity", the "units" that constitute the "economic activity" (for example, "units such as a laboratory of company A, b process of factory B, X-ray examination room of hospital C, etc." ) Can be considered based on the above-mentioned environmental accounting. If you decide the composition of each “unit”,
Environmental costs or “economic activities” related to economic activities between
Environmental costs (hereinafter referred to as "environmental maintenance costs") can be prevented from being duplicated or omitted, or even if it can be configured, the method of quantitative evaluation in each "unit" In reality, there are a number of issues, such as whether or not sharability can be ensured, and no solution has been proposed, including any of these issues. In the past, “environmental maintenance costs” used to account for the costs required to respond to environmental impacts at the stage when they had any impact on the environment. Also, the amount tended to be very large, and "economic activities" had a heavy burden on cost management. Here, the “environmental risk” cost according to the present invention is to predict the possibility of impact on the environment in advance with respect to the above, calculate the cost of the risk in the event of this impact in advance, and send it to environmental accounting. Expenses including this are calculated in advance, and based on this, new unprecedented attempts can be made, such as use in various measures and investment decisions.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for calculating "environmental risk" in a mechanism for achieving the above-mentioned environmental accounting, and a computer program for realizing the method. Further, the present invention provides a system capable of calculating "environmental maintenance costs" including "environmental risk" costs as "economic activities" of companies and the like, and a method of managing "environmental maintenance costs". According to the present invention, the activities of the "economic activity" with respect to the environment can be automatically, promptly and finely corrected in detail, and the management of the "economic activity" can be quickly and reliably reduced. The cost and environmental impact is minimized, and if these systems are socially integrated,
As a result, total environmental protection, including "economic activities" of society as a whole, and reduction of social costs can be achieved accurately and promptly.

The above objects of the present invention have been attained by the following means (a) to (h). That is, a) a method of calculating an “environmental risk” cost, which is one of the “environmental maintenance costs” of the “environmental accounting”, comprising the following steps 1) to 4). How to calculate the “environmental risk” cost of “factors affecting the sphere”. 1) a step of calculating the “exposure amount” of the “factors affecting the living area” to be calculated to the people in the living area, 2) a step of calculating the “probability of disease” from the above “exposure amount”, 3 4) calculating the “disease population” from the above “disease probability” and the population distribution of the living area; 4) multiplying the “disease amount” of the disease victim by the “disease population” to obtain “factors affecting the living area”. The process of calculating the "environmental risk" cost of B) A method of calculating “environmental risk” costs, which is one of the “environmental maintenance costs” of “environmental accounting,” and comprising the following steps 1) to 4) How to calculate the “environmental risk” cost of “influencing factors”. 1) a step of calculating the “exposure amount” of the “factor affecting the living area” of the “factor affecting the living area” to be calculated from the “frequency distribution function” of the “factor affecting the living area”; ) A step of setting the "regional range" of the living area from the "frequency distribution function" and the "threshold" of the frequency; 3) a step of calculating the population of the "regional range" from the "regional range"; 4) The process of calculating the "environmental risk" of the "factors affecting the living area" by integrating the damage amount to the population. C) A computer program that calculates the “environmental risk” cost, which is one of the “environmental maintenance costs” of environmental accounting, by operating a computer. In a computer program that calculates the “environmental risk” cost of “factors affecting the sphere,” 1) the “disease probability distribution” based on the “factors affecting the living sphere” by relating the following data a) and b) 2) a procedure for calculating the “disease population” centering on the point where “factors affecting the living sphere” exists by relating the “disease probability distribution” and the data of c) below; ) By relating the “disease population” to the data of d) below,
A computer program that executes procedures for calculating the "environmental risk" cost of "factors affecting the living area". a) "frequency distribution function" data of "factors affecting the living area" for which "environmental risk" is calculated; b) disease probability data; c) population distribution data expressed in a coordinate system; d) damage Of victim's damage amount. D) A computer program that calculates the “environmental risk” cost, which is one of the “environmental maintenance costs” of environmental accounting, by operating a computer. In the computer program for calculating the "environmental risk" cost of "factors affecting the environment," 1) the "factors affecting the living area" to be calculated by relating the data of a) and b) below 2) Calculate the population within the area centered on the point where the "factor affecting the living area" exists by relating the "area range" and the data of c) below. Procedure 3) A computer program for executing a procedure of calculating “environmental risk” of “factors affecting living sphere” by relating the population to the data of d) below. a) "frequency distribution function" data of "factors affecting living area" to be calculated for "environmental risk"; b) "threshold value" data of influence frequency of "factors affecting living area" C) Population distribution data expressed in a coordinate system; d) Damage amount data of victims. E) A computer program that calculates the "environmental risk" cost, which is one of the "environmental maintenance costs" of environmental accounting, by operating a computer. In the computer program for calculating the "environmental risk" of the "factors to give", 1) a procedure for calculating the "frequency distribution function" of the "factors affecting the living area" to be calculated by relating the following data: 2) The following data is related to the “frequency distribution function” to calculate the “regional range” affected by the “factor affecting the living area”. 3) The “regional range” and the following data are calculated. A procedure for calculating the population within a range centered on the point where the "factor affecting the living area" exists, and 4) relating the population to the following data to determine the "factor affecting the living area". Computer program to execute the procedure for calculating the "environmental risk" of "." Data of "Basic function of frequency distribution of reference factor", Correction data of the basic function of "Factor affecting living area", "Threshold value" of frequency of "Factor affecting living area"
Data, population distribution data represented in a coordinate system, and data on the amount of victim damage. F) A computer program that calculates the “environmental risk” cost, which is one of the “environmental maintenance costs” of environmental accounting, by operating a computer. In a computer program for calculating the “environmental risk” in diffusion, 1) a procedure for calculating the “diffusion concentration distribution function” of the target substance by relating the following data, 2) the “diffusion concentration distribution function” Procedure for calculating the “regional area” affected by the target substance by correlating the data, 3) Calculating the population within the area centered on the point where the target substance exists by relating the “regional area” and the following data 4) A computer program for executing a procedure for calculating an “environmental risk” in the case where the target substance is diffused into the atmosphere by associating the population with the following data. Data of the basic function of the diffusion concentration distribution of the reference substance into the atmosphere, correction data of the basic function of the target substance, "threshold" data of the concentration of the target substance, population distribution data expressed in a coordinate system, Damage amount data. G) A computer program that calculates the “environmental risk” cost, which is one of the “environmental maintenance costs” of environmental accounting, by operating a computer. The target substance is linked to the following data a) to d). In a computer program for calculating the "environmental risk" in the diffusion of air into the atmosphere, 1) a procedure for calculating the "regional area" affected by the target substance by associating the data of a) and b) below; A procedure for calculating the population within a range centered on the point where the target substance is present by relating the “range” to the data of c) below. 3) Relating the population to the data of d) below to obtain the atmosphere of the target substance. Computer program that performs procedures to calculate the "environmental risk" in the case of spread to the environment. a) data on the distribution function of the concentration of the target substance in the atmosphere, b) data on the "threshold" of the concentration of the target substance, c) population distribution data expressed in a coordinate system, d) data on the amount of damage to the victim . H) In each of the procedures 1) of e) and f) above,
The computer program according to any one of the above items e) to c), wherein the method of relating the data to the above is by substituting the “factor affecting the living sphere” corresponding to the coefficient of the basic function or the coefficient of the target substance. D) The method of relating to the data of the “frequency distribution function” or “diffusion concentration distribution function” in the procedure 2) described in the above e) and f), and a) of the procedure 1) described in the above d). b) wherein the method of relating the data of b) is a method of obtaining these common solutions.
Or a computer program according to the above. G) The method of relating the data of "regional area" in step 3) described in each of the above e) and f) and the data of "regional area" in step 2) described in c) above and the data of c). The computer program according to any one of the above items e) to g), wherein the method of causing is a product of the area of the “regional area” and the population distribution data of c), respectively. C) The method for relating data with population in step 4) described in e) and f) above, and
9. The computer program according to any one of the above items e) to g), wherein the method of relating the population of step 4) to the data of d) according to the above is based on the product of the population and the data of d), respectively. B) A computer system for managing "environmental maintenance costs" of environmental accounting generated by the economic activities of the "economic activities" in the "economic activities" comprising several "units"; And B) a device capable of inputting environmental maintenance cost information for each of a plurality of "sections" and communicating with a computer or a computer subsystem. B) After inputting the information, communicating with the computer or the computer subsystem. C) In a computer system in which the computer or the computer subsystem has a function of receiving and storing the information in the communication means, the information to be input to one of the plurality of “sections” may include “Environmental risk” calculated by the program described in (1) or (2)
A computer system characterized by cost information. S) A computer system for managing "environmental maintenance costs" of environmental accounting generated by the economic activities of the "economic activities" in the "economic activities" comprising several "units"; And B) a device capable of inputting environmental maintenance cost information for each of a plurality of "sections" and communicating with a computer or a computer subsystem. B) After inputting the information, communicating with the computer or the computer subsystem. C) a computer having a function in which the computer or the computer subsystem receives and stores the information in the communication means, and totals and displays the information by “division” and / or “unit”. In the system, the information to be input to one of the plurality of "sections" is the above e), f)
Or g) a computer system characterized in that it is information on "environmental risk" costs calculated by the program described in the above. C) A computer system for managing "environmental maintenance costs" of environmental accounting caused by the economic activity of the "economic activity" in the "economic activity" comprising several "units"; And B) a device capable of inputting environmental maintenance cost information for each of a plurality of "sections" and communicating with a computer or a computer subsystem. B) After inputting the information, communicating with the computer or the computer subsystem. C) the computer or computer subsystem has a function of receiving and storing the information in the communication means, and a function of calculating using the information and preset information; Create correction information from the calculation result,
In a computer system having a function of transmitting the correction information to the "unit", the information to be input to one of the plurality of "divisions" is the "environmental risk" calculated by the program described in e), f) or g) above. "A computer system characterized in that it is cost information. B) A method of managing “environmental maintenance costs” in environmental accounting generated by the economic activities of the “economic activity” in the “economic activity” comprising several “units”; Inputting the “environmental maintenance cost” information for each of a plurality of predetermined “divisions” by using a device capable of inputting and communicating in B), and B) inputting the information input for each of the “divisions” to a computer or a computer subsystem. Transmitting and storing the information; C) “segmenting” and / or “unit” the stored information.
In the method for managing “environmental maintenance costs”, the information to be input to one of the plurality of “categories” is described in the above item e), item f) or item g). "Environmental maintenance costs" management method characterized by information on "environmental risk" costs calculated by the program. (B) a method of managing “environmental maintenance costs” in environmental accounting caused by economic activities of the “economic activity” in the “economic activity” comprising several “units”; A step of inputting "environmental maintenance cost" information for each of a plurality of predetermined "divisions" by a device capable of inputting and communicating; and B) transmitting the information input for each of the "divisions" to a computer or a computer subsystem. C) tabulating the stored information for each “section” and / or “unit”, and this information and an information value preset for each “section” and / or “unit”. D) a step of creating correction information from the calculation result, and E) a step of communicating the correction information to a device capable of displaying / outputting the "unit". Maintenance costs Wherein the information to be input to one of the plurality of "categories" is information on "environmental risk" costs calculated by the program described in (e), (c) or (g). How to manage environmental maintenance costs. J) "c) Population distribution data represented by a coordinate system" described in c), d) and g) and "population distribution data represented by a coordinate system" described in e) and c) above 4. The computer program according to any one of the above items c) to c), wherein the computer program is population distribution data that varies as a function of time. This has been achieved by:

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION In the present invention, an "economic activity body"
Is an organization organized to provide goods, services (services), information, etc., that have an impact on the environment through their activities, such as factories, sales offices, communication providers, hospitals, Includes all social infrastructure organizations, such as transportation companies. These are organizations that compose, function, and complement each other as their mission, but at the same time, have aspects that affect the environment through their activities. Here, this example will be described with reference to FIG. The example of FIG. 1 schematically illustrates the impact on the environment at a certain factory and the cost (cost) related to the environment at that time. In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a factory, to which a cost 2 for product raw materials and a cost 3 for product processing (equipment operation costs, equipment maintenance costs, personnel costs, etc.) are input. At this stage, the above costs have been incurred. These have already affected the environment through the production and transportation of raw materials, and the operating costs of equipment (electricity, gas, water, etc.) have also been impacted on the environment. It is impossible to imagine without taking into account the effects of Next, product 4
Can be viewed as so-called by-products at the same time that it is manufactured, but waste heat, exhaust gases (such as carbon dioxide), wastewater,
Vibration, waste (by-products, trash, etc.) are generated. In order to suppress the influence on the living area outside the factory, costs 5 such as the operation and maintenance costs of the facilities for performing these and the costs required for recycling are incurred. Next, there is a distribution cost 6 for transporting the product 4 to the consumer. In this case, it is conceivable that the cost 7 such as the operation and maintenance cost of the heat-insulating warehouse may occur when the heat insulation is required for some products. Further, it is common that an operating cost 8 for promoting this is also generated. Although it seems that operating costs do not include any environmentally influential factors, materials for business activities (goods for sales promotion, etc.) are also subject to the same environment as production at the above-mentioned factories. Influencing factors are included. These costs are included in the items to be calculated as “environmental maintenance costs” management items of the environmental accounting in the present invention. The “environmental maintenance cost” according to the present invention refers to those outlined above, etc., but conceptually, the “economic activity” is obtained by the cost for environmental protection or reduction or improvement and the environmental protection efforts. This means that the effect obtained is quantitatively grasped as cost. The above is, as an example, 1
The outline related to one factory of one company has been explained. In this way, in the "units" constituting the "economic activity", the factors affecting the environment and the costs thereof are complicated and varied, so In fact, the complexities of "economic activists", which are aggregates of "units", are even more complex. Also, here, “units” are considered to be independent, but when examined in detail, one “unit” has multiple functions, and another In some cases, it is important to calculate an accurate “environmental maintenance cost” by avoiding their duplication. It is expected to come. The “unit” in the present invention indicates the “unit” of the organization constituting the “economic activity”, as is clear from the above-described example. In the above example, factories, logistics, sales, etc. can be grasped as "units".
It is preferable to calculate “units” in more detail in calculating “environmental maintenance costs”. The smallest "unit" may refer to a single person. To calculate the “environmental maintenance cost” according to the present invention,
Items for cost calculation are shared. Here, it is referred to as “division”. Specific examples of the “division” according to the present invention include those shown in Table 1 below.

[Table 1] Table 1 shows a "category table of environmental conservation activities", and as described therein, the "categories" include "costs for preventing air pollution" and "costs for preventing water pollution".
In addition, such as "acquisition, operation, maintenance, etc. of waste gas abatement equipment", "acquisition, operation, maintenance, measurement, etc. of water treatment equipment" etc. Input in the “division” according to the present invention. With this “division”, each “unit” can input its “environmental maintenance cost” from at least “inputable devices” arranged in each “unit”. The "device capable of inputting" may be a so-called workstation or a computer including a personal computer, as long as it is a device capable of inputting, but is preferably a device capable of simultaneously outputting. In addition, a type that can mainly be input (for example, a type having a small output screen of a mobile phone and a limited output function) may be used. Similarly, the "device capable of outputting / displaying" according to the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it can mainly output / display. In addition, the device preferably has a function of communicating with another “unit” or a computer such as a host computer. In the environmental accounting according to the present invention, there is provided a system for inputting and managing numerical values of "environmental maintenance costs" for each "division" as described above. The “environmental risk” cost according to the present invention is:
This corresponds to one of the “divisions”. In this way, a device capable of inputting the cost (amount) measured for each “section” is preferably arranged for each “unit” described above, and can be input from here. Numerical data can be tabulated on a computer via communication means.
In this case, the computer is preferably a so-called host computer having a large processing capacity. In addition, the computer system according to the present invention refers to a computer system such as a host computer or a computer subsystem through communication means including the Internet or the like, and indicates the entire system. Here, the computer subsystem means a network computer system having a limited scale such as a LAN. Hereinafter, a configuration example of the system according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In the figure, (2-a) through (2-
n) is the “unit” that makes up the “economic activity” (2-1)
Represents NET in the figure indicates a network such as the Internet, and the computer (2-3) is a server S
It is preferable to have a LAN connection. The computer (2-3) (hereinafter, the computer is described as a host computer in a preferred embodiment) is NE
It has a function of receiving and storing information on “environmental maintenance costs” totaled for each “unit” by communication means including T. Also,
This stored information can be totaled for each of the same "divisions", for each "division" arbitrarily selected among different "divisions", for each "unit", Preferably has a function of arbitrarily selecting “units” and “sections” and summing them. In addition, the host computer (2-
In 3), correction information is created (calculated) by calculating from the stored information and information on set values stored in advance in the computer (values set as targets for “environmental maintenance costs”). It is preferable to have a function that can perform the functions. Here, the correction information is, when the “environmental maintenance cost” calculated as described above is different from the target value, information on optimization for approaching the target value (for example, information that has been set as the target value that has been set and information calculated. Correction information that corrects the deviation information to the optimal value of the future economic activity plan in consideration of the current economic activity situation and the future economic activity plan target). The correction information preferably has the communication function as a function on the host computer (2-3) side in order to communicate with the “unit”. The host computer (2-
3) memorize the communication of the series of information including the sequential response of such a system, and use this information to summarize and display "environmental accounting costs" at any time for reporting. It is preferable to have a function that can perform This can be quickly and accurately used as the management information for the management policy of the “economic activity”, and the “environmental maintenance cost” management system and the management method according to the present invention can be used to manage the “economic activity”. In other words, it can be directly reflected directly in management. In addition, in the above-mentioned system, since it has a communication function and the content of the information to be communicated is related to the management as described above, it has confidentiality or information protection, Therefore, it is necessary and preferable to add various known security functions to the system. Although the system has been described above, aspects of the operation of the system will be described. First, the “units” (2-2a) to (2-2) of the system according to the present invention are described.
n) “Environmental maintenance costs” calculated for each “category”
Is entered. The input cost information is transmitted to the host computer (2-3) immediately or at an arbitrary time via NET or the like. Host computer (2-
In 3), as described above, storage, totalization, creation of correction information, and transmission of the correction information can be appropriately performed. In addition, as described above, information on communication with the unit is stored, and this is totaled. ,
Display (including, of course, the printout function) and report, which allows you to manage the environmental accounting of "economic activities". In the above “Category”, “Environmental risk” cost according to the present invention can be cited as one of the costs to be input. The purpose of this is to calculate the “environmental maintenance cost” in the environmental accounting before it occurs. In the past, much of the “environmental maintenance costs” were accounted for after the costs required for environmental improvement or reduction of environmental impacts were applied after the economic impact of the activities on the environment was realized. He had to pay a lot of money to manage the expenses. On the other hand, the possibility of impact on the environment is predicted in advance, the risk in the event of this impact is calculated in advance, the cost is calculated in advance in environmental accounting, and the cost is calculated in advance. It is possible to systematically prevent the occurrence of risks, and the activities of "economic activities" can respond to the environment in advance, and as a result, the total cost of "economic activities" can be reduced and society can be reduced. Environmental protection can be achieved at the same time. An example will be described with reference to FIG. 3 to confirm the position of the “environmental risk” cost. FIG. 3 shows a mode of “division” in each “unit”. "Unit" (3-3a) to (3-3)
In n), each cost is input based on a "class" (3-4) as represented by a "unit" (3-3b). As described above, the “environmental risk” cost according to the present invention is set as one of the “divisions”. The “environmental risk” cost according to the present invention can be calculated by a method having the following steps 1) to 4) (hereinafter referred to as “method 1”). 1) The step of calculating the “exposure amount” of the “factors affecting the living area” to be calculated to the people in the living area 2) The step of calculating the “disease probability” from the above “exposure amount” 3) The above Step of calculating “disease population” from “disease probability” and population distribution of the living area 4) Add “disease amount” of the disease victim to “disease population” and “factors affecting living area” Step of Calculating “Environmental Risk” Cost Here, “factors affecting living sphere” may be various factors as described later. The above “exposure dose” indicates the degree of influence of a factor that a person in the living area suffers, and when the factor is a specific chemical substance, the amount that the person ingests into the human body through diffusion to the atmosphere. It can be cited as one index. When a radioactive substance is a factor of interest, the amount of radiation exposure of the human body can be mentioned. The calculation of the “exposure dose” can be obtained by obtaining a “diffusion concentration distribution” using a model for predicting the fate of the target substance into the atmosphere. Many atmospheric dispersion models are known as fate prediction models.
Keyey's fugacity model is widely used. As a risk assessment system using these models, USES developed by the US EPA, EUUSEs developed by the EU, and chemP developed by the JCIA
The HESA 21 and the like are known, and the “diffusion concentration distribution” is obtained, and the “exposure amount” can be calculated. The data of the basic function of the diffusion concentration distribution of the reference substance into the atmosphere, which will be described later, or the data of the diffusion concentration distribution function of the substance to be calculated into the air, can also be obtained by using the risk assessment method. Obtainable.
The “frequency distribution” described later has the same concept as the “diffusion concentration distribution”, and accordingly, the “frequency distribution function”
Can be considered as a concept similar to the “diffusion concentration distribution function”. That is, when a substance in the air or underwater environment is targeted, it can be regarded as a “diffusion concentration distribution function”. The distribution of the sound level at each point that has been specified and measured can be regarded as a “frequency distribution function”. In any case, the distance from the position where the influence factor exists and the distribution of the influence degree can be taken as a function. The “disease probability” according to the present invention is obtained from the above-mentioned “exposure dose”.
That is, it can be obtained from the correlation between the amount of exposure and the probability of disease. For example, Dose-Response for exposure of a certain target (for example, exposure to diffusion of a certain substance)
Curve can be created. That is, the probability can be obtained by using a method of extrapolating the influence at each concentration exposure from the value of the maximum tolerated dose in animal experiments. The “disease probability” obtained in this way can be used as a “threshold value” according to the present invention if a certain value or more. In addition, as described above, the “disease probability” can be considered to be similar to the “frequency distribution function” when the “exposure dose” is a function of the distance from the factor. When calculating the total amount of damage to the "environmental risk" cost, consider the "disease probability distribution" of the distance from the factor and calculate the total amount by assuming the amount of damage at each distance You can also. The “disease population” may calculate the number of sick people using the “threshold value” described above, or use the “disease probability distribution” described above to calculate the number of people whose probability exceeds zero. The number may be calculated. In the latter case, the damage amount is set according to the disease probability, as described above.In the former case, the damage amount may be calculated by setting the damage amount slightly more coarsely. May be set as one value, and the damage amount may be obtained as a simple product of this and the “disease population”. As another method for calculating the “environmental risk” cost according to the present invention, a method having the following steps 1) to 4) (hereinafter referred to as “method 2”):
Can be calculated. 1) A step of calculating the “exposure amount” of the “factor affecting the living area” to be calculated from the “frequency distribution function” of the “factor affecting the living area” to the person in the living area 2) A step of setting the "regional range" of the living area from the "frequency distribution function" and the "threshold value" of the frequency 3) a process of calculating the population of the "regional range" from the "regional range" 4) Step of calculating “environmental risk” of “factors affecting living area” by integrating the amount of damage The step of setting “regional range” in the above is the “frequency distribution function” (“factors affecting living area”). Is expressed as a function of the distance from the point where "is present" and the frequency distribution) and the frequency "threshold" (constant value of frequency), for example, by a method of obtaining a common solution. , Focusing on points where "factors affecting the living area" exist, A fixed range can be obtained, and the obtained range is treated as the “regional range” here. Further, the above-mentioned "method 1"
With respect to the above, a computer program for carrying out this can also be cited as the invention according to the present invention. In other words, the computer program is a computer program for calculating the “environmental risk” cost, which is one of the “environmental maintenance costs” of environmental accounting, by operating the computer. In a computer program that calculates the “environmental risk” cost of “factors affecting the sphere,” 1) the “disease probability distribution” based on the “factors affecting the living sphere” by relating the following data a) and b) 2) a procedure for calculating the “disease population” centering on the point where “factors affecting the living sphere” exists by associating the “disease probability distribution” with the data of c) below; 3) By relating the “disease population” to the data of d) below,
A computer program that executes procedures for calculating the "environmental risk" cost of "factors affecting the living area". a) "Frequency distribution function" data of "factors affecting the living area" to be calculated for "environmental risk" b) Disease probability data c) Population distribution data expressed in a coordinate system d) Damage to victims Data on amounts can be cited. As described above, the term “relative” in the above 1) means that the “frequency distribution function” can be regarded as a function of the distance from the position where the “influencing factor” exists and the distribution of the degree of influence, as described above. The function of the distribution may be multiplied by the “disease probability” described above, whereby the object is to convert the “frequency distribution” into the “disease probability distribution”. In the above 2), "associate" refers to integrating "population distribution" with "disease probability distribution" and integrating. Thus, the number of persons having each disease probability is calculated. The term “related” in 3) above means that the number of persons having each disease probability is multiplied by the damage amount per person (the amount varies depending on the probability), and the sum of these is calculated. Further, with respect to the above-mentioned “method 2”, a computer program for executing the method can also be cited as the invention according to the present invention. That is, this is a computer program that operates a computer to calculate an “environmental risk” cost, which is one of the “environmental maintenance costs” of environmental accounting. In the computer program for calculating the "environmental risk" cost of "factors affecting the environment," 1) the "factors affecting the living area" to be calculated by relating the following data a) and b) 2) calculate the population within the area around the point where the "factors affecting the living area" exist by relating the "area range" with the data of c) below. 3) a computer program for executing the procedure of calculating the “environmental risk” of the “factors affecting the living sphere” by associating the population with the data of d) below. a) "Frequency distribution function" data of "factors affecting the living area" to be calculated for "environmental risk" b) "Threshold value" data of the influence frequency of "factors affecting the living area" c ) Population distribution data expressed in a coordinate system d) Damage amount data of victims "Relate" in 1) above, as described above,
Since the "frequency distribution function" can be regarded as a function of the distribution of the distance from the position where the "influencing factor" exists and the degree of influence, the "threshold"
As a common solution (the solution can be taken as the distance from the point where the "factors affecting the living area" exist), which results in the existence of the "factors affecting the living area" It is possible to calculate the "regional range" centered on the point where the information is obtained. The term "associate" in 2) above refers to integrating "population distribution" with "regional range" and integrating. This calculates how many people are considered to be ill. The term "associate" in 3) above means that the amount of damage per person is multiplied by the number of persons considered to be ill, and the sum of these is calculated. Here, as described above, the number of persons considered to be ill in 2) is integrated so as to have a “disease probability” as in the above “method 1”, and each damage amount according to the probability is integrated. Then, a method of calculating the sum may be adopted.
Regarding the above-mentioned “method 2”, the following method can be cited as a preferable embodiment up to the procedure of calculating the “regional range”. That is, the program for calculating the “environmental risk” cost according to the present invention relates the data described in the following items or the data described in a) to d).
It can be calculated. Here, in the present invention,
The “factors affecting the living sphere” include, for example, “substances that diffuse into the atmosphere (gas, soot, particulate matter, etc.)”, “sounds having low frequencies that affect the living sphere”, and “diffusion into the ocean”. Substances (e.g., heavy metals) "can be calculated for the" environmental risk "of such factors, and the" factors affecting the living sphere "are not only in the air, but also in the ocean, It can also be applied to "environmental risks" related to the effects on the environment such as rivers and lakes and the effects on the soil environment. Here, the case of a substance that diffuses into the atmosphere will be further described below based on the invention described in claim 6, but the present invention is not limited to this. In the computer program for calculating the "environmental risk" cost related to "diffusion of the target substance into the air" according to the present invention, the following data can be related and calculated by the procedures described below. . According to the present invention
Here, the data can be shown as follows. Data of the basic function of the diffusion concentration distribution of the reference substance into the air Correction data of the basic function of the target substance Threshold data of the concentration of the target substance Population distribution data expressed in a coordinate system Data of the damage amount of the victim Can be shown. The above “data of the basic function of the diffusion concentration distribution of the reference substance into the atmosphere” refers to a case where a unit amount (for example, 1 kg) of a reference substance (for example, propane) is left in an open space in a steady state (1 atm). Is a basic function of the diffusion concentration distribution at the time when the reference substance is completely diffused into the atmosphere as a function of the diffusion distance, and this is data. For example, USES, EU developed by EPA in the United States
The data may be created using the EUSES developed by the Japan Chemical Industry Association and the chemPHESA21 developed by the Japan Chemical Industry Association, or the data may be defined experimentally.
This may be stored in a computer in advance, or may be obtained by communication from another computer via communication means. When the program according to the present invention is stored in a recording medium, the program may be stored in the medium. The program according to the present invention may of course be stored in a medium, or may be obtained by communication from another computer by communication means.
Similarly, the location of the various data described below is not limited. The basic function according to the present invention may be the above-described data according to the present invention, wherein a function of a concentration distribution that changes every unit time immediately after the release of the reference substance is used as data of a quadratic function. In this case, the result of the “environmental risk” cost calculated by the computer program can be a dynamic result over time. The "correction data of the basic function of the target substance" according to the present invention is "environmental risk"
In order to calculate the diffusion concentration distribution function of the target substance, the basic function described above is used to correct each constant term (diffusion coefficient term, etc.) of the function between the target substance and the reference substance. It refers to the data of the necessary correction term, and can be taken as a function of the diffusion concentration distribution and the diffusion distance in the same manner as the basic function. This function may also be data as a quadratic function similarly to the above basic function, and may be data relating to the function. The “threshold value data of the concentration of the target substance” according to the present invention can be determined based on the degree of influence of the substance to be calculated for the “environmental risk” on the human body. In the case of a substance having a high degree of influence, the threshold data may be a value close to almost zero, and in the case of a substance having a small degree of influence, the data may be large to some extent. To consider this impact, for example,
It can also be obtained by extrapolation using Dose-Response curve described above. It should be noted that the computer program according to the present invention can basically be handled in the same manner whether it is a uniform diffusion type or a non-uniform diffusion type. The “population distribution data represented by the coordinate system” according to the present invention is data for considering the influence on the place where a substance targeted for calculation of “environmental risk” is handled and its surroundings. A regional range of a place to be handled is represented by a coordinate system (for example, X, Y coordinates (for example, latitude and longitude coordinates)), and data obtained by associating population density data in the coordinate system with the coordinates. It is preferable that this population density data is treated as having a property of fluctuating as a function of time, with fluctuations in population movement or the like with time, and is therefore constantly updated to population distribution data that is temporally present. Preferably, therefore, the computer program according to the present invention uses population distribution data that varies as a function of time.
Therefore, in the computer system according to the present invention, in addition to the population distribution data in the system,
It is also preferable to use an updated database that resides outside the system. Further, in some cases, it is also preferable to use population distribution data of future prediction for temporal fluctuation. This is preferable because when an economic activity entity makes a new investment, it is possible to make an investment decision in advance from the viewpoint of environmental risks. That is, for example, even when a company installs a new factory in a place where the population is currently close to zero, it is possible to calculate the “environmental risk” cost in the future by using the prediction data, It can be used as a judgment material for investment in installation. The “data on the amount of damage to the victim” according to the present invention refers to the amount obtained by converting the amount of damage in a past pollution suit or the like per person. (Willingness to pay). FIG. 4 shows the above-described data and the result of the relation between the data and the procedures. Procedure 1) is as follows. First, the wavy line (4-a) in the upper diagram of FIG. 4 represents a basic function of the above-mentioned basic substance diffusion concentration distribution into the atmosphere, which can be expressed as a function from the above data. The solid line (4-b) represents the diffusion concentration distribution function of the substance to be calculated for the above-mentioned "environmental risk" in the function of the above (4-a). , And can be expressed as a function on the figure in the same manner as described above. In this case, the calculation for relating the data to the data of the basic functions is to calculate the coefficient terms (diffusion coefficient term, concentration coefficient term, mobility term) of the known target substance or actually A method of calculating a diffusion concentration function of a substance to be calculated by applying a coefficient when the activity is performed. on the other hand,
In this procedure 1), it is also preferable to use a method of directly calculating a diffusion concentration function of a substance to be experimentally calculated without using a method of calculating from a basic function. In addition, as shown in (4-s) in the upper diagram of FIG. This is applied to the diffusion concentration distribution function of the substance to specify the distance r from the existence point (x, y) of the target substance, and is basically set as the diffusion concentration distribution range as a circle having radius r. This is an example of the description of the procedure 2). This corresponds to the lower diagram of FIG. As a method of relating the data of step 2) to the diffusion concentration function, a method of substituting and calculating the data of the diffusion function is given. Also, a calculation method for finding a common solution by treating the data as one density distribution function is one idea and is preferable. In this case, or it is naturally preferable to apply the wind influence factor to the above-described basic function data. Further, it is of course preferable to simultaneously apply climatic factors such as temperature, pressure, and humidity. Step 3) is a process of converting population distribution data having population density information at each coordinate point represented by a coordinate system as data into a point (x,
This is a procedure for applying to a certain area range represented by the range of the radius r determined in y) above and calculating the number of population within the range. In this case, the way to relate
One method is to calculate the population density information by integrating the population density information from the area within a circle with a radius r centered on the (x, y) point in the data having the above X and Y coordinates as one method. And the method is preferred. And procedure 4)
As described above, by integrating the amount of damage data per victim to the number of the population, it is possible to calculate the “environmental risk” cost in the environmental accounting for the target substance.

EXAMPLES The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto. (Example 1) The following virtual example was set. That is, FIG.
It is assumed that a factory is located at the coordinates (1, 1) of the area A having the population density as shown in FIG. This plant uses methanol. Although the data of the population distribution in FIG. 5 is displayed on the screen, the numerical values in the unit cells divided by the X and Y axes indicate the population data. Further, this data can be temporally varied independently in each cell, but FIG. 5 shows the population distribution state at an arbitrary time. The "environmental risk" cost of methanol in this case was calculated by computer using the program according to the invention. Here, the wind speed was set to 0 as a setting condition. As a basic function of the diffusion concentration, a mathematical model used in chemPHASE21 developed by the Japan Chemical Industry Association was used. The program according to the present invention is stored in a computer (manufactured by PC300GL IBM), and “threshold” information (input a virtual value,
The same applies hereinafter) and coordinate-population distribution information (X, Y as described above)
Information on the number of populations in the cells (unit: Km) divided by the axis, information on the damage amount of methanol, and coefficients for converting the diffusion concentration distribution function into the disease probability distribution of chronic diseases caused by methanol were input and stored. The coefficient to be converted to the disease probability distribution is Do in a toxicity test using animals.
It was determined from the relationship between the amount of exposure and the disease probability using a se-response curve or the like. Further, the coordinate point (1, 1) and the substance name “methanol” to be calculated were input to the computer. Here, in order to confirm the experiment, the program according to the present invention was partially modified, the program was stopped at the time of the above-mentioned step 3), and an instruction was given to display the calculation result at that time. I let it. As a result, the result of the circular range at a distance of 2.7 Km from the factory was obtained from the previously stored “threshold” data and the diffusion concentration distribution function of methanol, and FIG. It was found that the population was calculated from the population distribution data and the above coordinate values. Furthermore, when the program was continued, the per-capita damage amount data stored in advance was used, and as a result, the amount (38.4 million yen) as the “environmental risk” cost was calculated. (Reference Example) Charts of the computer program according to the present invention are shown in FIGS. FIG. 6 shows an embodiment according to claim 2 of the present invention, and FIG. 7 shows an embodiment according to claim 6 of the present invention. (Example 2) ChemP developed by Japan Chemical Industry Association
An example using a mathematical model used in HASE 21 will be described. FIG. 8 shows a density distribution function obtained under the following conditions. The height of the chimney placed on top of the standing methanol: 10 m Wind speed: 1 m / s Ambient temperature: 15.2 ° C Methanol gas temperature: 15.2 ° C (no difference from the ambient temperature)

According to the present invention, it is possible to calculate an environmental risk which could not previously be obtained before the risk occurs, and it is possible to calculate the cost in advance including environmental accounting.
"Economic actors" such as companies can see the risks from environmental accounting before making a business investment,
It can be used as an investment decision material. In addition, in terms of environmental accounting in the current business, it is possible to predict in advance the potential impact on the environment, including the scale, so that "economic activities" can systematically prevent risks from occurring. This enables the activities of the "economic activator" to respond to the environment in advance, and as a result, the reduction of the total cost of the "economic activator" and the protection of the social environment can be achieved at the same time. In addition, the “environmental maintenance costs” including the “environmental risks” can be quickly and accurately calculated as “economic activities”,
Also, based on this, it is possible to provide a system and a management method that can manage environmental accounting and even the activities of "economic activities", and as a result, total environmental protection and social cost reduction of society as a whole can be accurately achieved. Can be achieved quickly.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 shows an example of an economic activity of an “economic activity entity” and has “units”.

FIG. 2 shows an example of a system for managing “environmental maintenance costs” according to the present invention. FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a heat developing device according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 shows an example of “unit” and “division” according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic explanatory diagram confirmed by running a program according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 relates to the same first embodiment as above.

FIG. 6 relates to a reference example according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 relates to the same reference example as above.

FIG. 8 shows an example of a diffusion concentration distribution function using chemPHASE21 of the JCIA.

Claims (17)

[Claims] 1. A method of calculating an “environmental risk” cost, which is one of “environmental maintenance costs” of “environmental accounting”, comprising the following steps 1) to 4). A method to calculate the "environmental risk" cost of "factors affecting living area". 1) The step of calculating the “exposure amount” of the “factors affecting the living area” to be calculated to the people in the living area 2) The step of calculating the “disease probability” from the above “exposure amount” 3) The above Step of calculating “disease population” from “disease probability” and population distribution of the living area 4) Add “disease amount” of the disease victim to “disease population” and “factors affecting living area” Process for calculating "environmental risk" costs 2. A method for calculating an “environmental risk” cost, which is one of “environmental maintenance costs” of “environmental accounting”, comprising the following steps 1) to 4). A method to calculate the "environmental risk" cost of "factors affecting living area". 1) A step of calculating the “exposure amount” of the “factor affecting the living area” to be calculated from the “frequency distribution function” of the “factor affecting the living area” to the person in the living area 2) A step of setting the "regional range" of the living area from the "frequency distribution function" and the "threshold value" of the frequency 3) a process of calculating the population of the "regional range" from the "regional range" 4) The process of calculating the "environmental risk" of the "factors affecting the living area" by integrating the amount of damage 3. A computer program for operating a computer to calculate an “environmental risk” cost, which is one of the “environmental maintenance costs” of environmental accounting, and relates the following data a) to d). In a computer program to calculate the “environmental risk” cost of “factors affecting the living area”, 1) relating the following data a) and b), the “factors affecting the living area” Procedure for calculating the “disease probability distribution”; 2) Calculating the “disease population” centering on the point where the “factors affecting the living area” exist by relating the “disease probability distribution” and the data of c) below. 3) linking the “disease population” with the data of d) below,
A computer program that executes procedures for calculating the "environmental risk" cost of "factors affecting the living area". a) "Frequency distribution function" data of "factors affecting the living area" to be calculated for "environmental risk" b) Disease probability data c) Population distribution data expressed in a coordinate system d) Damage to victims Amount data 4. A computer program for operating a computer to calculate an “environmental risk” cost, which is one of the “environmental maintenance costs” of environmental accounting, comprising: a)
In a computer program that calculates the "environmental risk" cost of "factors affecting the living area" by relating the data of ~) d), 1) try to calculate by relating the data of a) and b) below To calculate the “regional area” affected by the “factors affecting the living area”. 2) The existence of “factors affecting the living area” by relating the “regional area” to the data in c) below. 3) Execute the procedure of calculating the “environmental risk” of the “factors affecting the living area” by relating the population to the data of d) below. Computer program to let. a) "Frequency distribution function" data of "factors affecting the living area" to be calculated for "environmental risk" b) "Threshold value" data of the influence frequency of "factors affecting the living area" c ) Population distribution data expressed in coordinate system d) Damage amount data of victim 5. A computer program for operating a computer to calculate an “environmental risk” cost, which is one of the “environmental maintenance costs” of environmental accounting. In a computer program that calculates the “environmental risk” of “factors affecting the environment”, 1) the “frequency distribution function” of the “factors affecting the living sphere” to be calculated by relating the following data
2) The following data is related to the “frequency distribution function” to calculate the “regional area” affected by “factors affecting the living area”. 3) The “regional area” Calculating the population within a range centered on the point where the "factor affecting the living area" exists by relating the following data to the following data; 4) relating the population and the following data to the " Computer program that executes the procedure for calculating the "environmental risk" of the "factors affecting the environment". Data of "Basic function of frequency distribution of reference factors" Correction data of the basic function of "Factors affecting living area""Thresholdvalue" of frequency of "Factors affecting living area"
Data Population distribution data expressed in coordinate system 6. A computer program for calculating the “environmental risk” cost, which is one of the “environmental maintenance costs” of environmental accounting, by operating a computer. In a computer program for calculating the "environmental risk" in the diffusion to the atmosphere, 1) a procedure for calculating the "diffusion concentration distribution function" of the target substance by relating the following data; 2) the "diffusion concentration distribution function" To calculate the “regional area” affected by the target substance by linking the following data to “3.) 3) Within the area centered on the point where the target substance exists by linking the“ regional area ”and the following data 4) A computer that executes the procedure for calculating the “environmental risk” in the case of diffusion of the target substance into the atmosphere by relating the population to the following data. Program. Data of the basic function of the diffusion concentration distribution of the reference substance into the air Correction data of the basic function of the target substance Threshold data of the concentration of the target substance Population distribution data expressed in a coordinate system Data of the damage amount of the victim 7. A computer program for operating a computer to calculate an “environmental risk” cost, which is one of the “environmental maintenance costs” of environmental accounting, and relates the following data a) to d). A computer program to calculate the “environmental risk” of the diffusion of the target substance into the atmosphere by: 1) calculating the “regional area” affected by the target substance by associating the following data a) and b); ) A procedure for calculating the population within a range centered on the point where the target substance is present by associating the “regional area” with the data of c) below; 3) relating the population to the data of d) below; A computer program that executes procedures to calculate the "environmental risk" in the case of the diffusion of a target substance into the atmosphere. a) Data of the distribution function of the concentration of the target substance in the atmosphere b) "Threshold value" data of the concentration of the target substance c) Population distribution data expressed in a coordinate system d) Data on the amount of damage to the victim 8. The method according to claim 5, wherein the data relating to the data in step 1) is related to the “factor affecting the living sphere” corresponding to the coefficient of the basic function or the coefficient of the target substance. 7. The computer program according to claim 5, wherein the computer program is replaced. 9. A method for associating data with “frequency distribution function” or “diffusion concentration distribution function” in step 2) according to claims 5 and 6, and a) in step 1) according to claim 7
The computer program according to claim 5, 6 or 7, wherein the method for relating the data of (b) and (b) is a method of obtaining a common solution. 10. A method for associating data with “regional area” in step 3) according to claim 5 and claim 6.
6. The method of relating the data of c) and the "regional area" in the procedure 2) described in the step 2) is based on the product of the area of the "regional area" and the population distribution data of c).
The computer program according to 6 or 7. 11. The method for associating data with population in step 4) according to claim 5 and claim 6 and the method for associating data with d) in step 4) according to claim 7 include: 8. The computer program according to claim 5, which is based on a product of the data of d). 12. A computer system for managing "environmental maintenance costs" of environmental accounting generated by economic activities of said "economic activities" in "economic activities" comprising several "units", a). A device capable of inputting environmental maintenance cost information arranged for each of the "units" for each of a plurality of "divisions" and communicating with a computer or a computer subsystem; b) the computer or the computer subsystem after inputting the information; (C) in a computer system having a function of receiving and storing the information by the communication means, wherein the computer or the computer subsystem has information to be input to one of the plurality of "sections". It is the information of "Environmental risk" cost calculated by the program described in 5, 6, or 7. Computer system. 13. A computer system for managing "environmental maintenance costs" of environmental accounting generated by economic activities of said "economic activities" in "economic activities" comprising several "units", a) A device capable of inputting environmental maintenance cost information arranged for each of the "units" for each of a plurality of "divisions" and communicating with a computer or a computer subsystem; b) the computer or the computer subsystem after inputting the information; C) a function in which the computer or the computer subsystem receives and stores the information in the communication means, and totals and displays the information for each “section” and / or “unit”. 8. The computer program according to claim 5, wherein information to be input to one of the plurality of "sections" is provided. "Environmental risk" calculated by
A computer system characterized by cost information. 14. A computer system for managing "environmental maintenance costs" of environmental accounting generated by economic activities of said "economic activities" in "economic activities" consisting of several "units", a) A device capable of inputting environmental maintenance cost information arranged for each of the "units" for each of a plurality of "divisions" and communicating with a computer or a computer subsystem; b) the computer or the computer subsystem after inputting the information; C) the computer or computer subsystem has a function of receiving and storing the information in the communication means, and a function of calculating using the information and the preset information. Having correction information created from the calculation result;
8. An "environmental risk" cost calculated by the program according to claim 5, 6 or 7, wherein in a computer system having a function of communicating correction information to the "unit", information input to one of the plurality of "sections" is calculated. A computer system characterized in that it is information of a computer. 15. A method of managing “environmental maintenance costs” of environmental accounting generated by economic activities of “economic activities” in “economic activities” comprising several “units”, wherein: A step of inputting "environmental maintenance cost" information for each of a plurality of predetermined "divisions" using a device capable of inputting and communicating in "units"; b) a computer or computer for inputting the information input for each of the "divisions" Transmitting to the subsystem and storing the same; c) "segmentation" and / or "unit" of the stored information.
A method for managing "environmental maintenance costs", comprising a step of totalizing and displaying each time, wherein information to be input to one of the plurality of "sections" is obtained by the program according to claim 5, 6, or 7. "Environmental maintenance costs" management method characterized by information on calculated "environmental risks" costs. 16. A method of managing “environmental maintenance costs” caused by economic activities of an “economic activity” in an “economic activity” comprising several “units”, the method comprising: a) inputting in a “unit”; And devices that can communicate,
"Environmental maintenance cost" information is divided into multiple "classifications"
B) transmitting the information input for each "section" to a computer or computer subsystem and storing the information; c) storing the stored information in "sections" and / or "units". ), Calculating the comparison of this information with the information value set in advance for each "section" and / or "unit"; d) creating correction information from the above calculation results; A method of managing environmental maintenance costs, comprising the step of communicating correction information to a device capable of displaying / outputting the "unit", wherein information input to one of the plurality of "sections" is claimed. A method for managing “environmental maintenance costs”, which is information on “environmental risk” costs calculated by the program described in 5, 6, or 7. 17. The population distribution data represented by (c) a coordinate system according to claim 3, 4, or 7, and claims 5 and 6.
8. The computer program according to claim 3, wherein the "population distribution data represented by a coordinate system" is population distribution data that varies as a function of time.