JP2002335884A5 - - Google Patents

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JP2002335884A5
JP2002335884A5 JP2001145904A JP2001145904A JP2002335884A5 JP 2002335884 A5 JP2002335884 A5 JP 2002335884A5 JP 2001145904 A JP2001145904 A JP 2001145904A JP 2001145904 A JP2001145904 A JP 2001145904A JP 2002335884 A5 JP2002335884 A5 JP 2002335884A5
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molecular weight
royal jelly
protein
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freshness
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【特許請求の範囲】
【請求項1】
ローヤルゼリー中の下記に示す性質を有する分子量約10000未満の低分子量タンパク質を指標とすることを特徴とする、ローヤルゼリーの鮮度の評価方法。
1)トーソー株式会社製TSKゲルG3000SW(7.5×30cm)をカラムとして用いて、0.3M塩化ナトリウム、0.05%アジ化ナトリウム含有0.1M燐酸緩衝液(pH7.0)を展開液とし、流速を0.3ml/min、カラム温度を35℃に設定し、280nmの吸光度で検出する高速液体クロマトグラフィーにおいて、保持時間35〜45分にピークを有するタンパク質であり、分子量が約10000未満の低分子量タンパク質。
2)トリシン−SDSポリアクリルアミドゲル電気泳動により測定される分子量が約10000未満の低分子量タンパク質。
【請求項2】
鮮度の指標物質である分子量約10000未満の低分子量タンパク質の、ローヤルゼリー中総タンパク質量あたりに占める割合が、44重量%以下である場合に、生理活性が十分に発揮されると評価することを特徴とする、請求項1に記載のローヤルゼリーの鮮度の評価方法
[Claims]
(1)
A method for evaluating the freshness of royal jelly, characterized by using, as an index, a low-molecular-weight protein having a molecular weight of less than about 10,000 and having the following properties in royal jelly .
1) Using a TSK gel G3000SW (7.5 × 30 cm) manufactured by Tosoh Corporation as a column, a developing solution of 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.0) containing 0.3 M sodium chloride and 0.05% sodium azide, A protein having a peak at a retention time of 35 to 45 minutes in high performance liquid chromatography in which the flow rate is set to 0.3 ml / min, the column temperature is set to 35 ° C., and the absorbance at 280 nm is detected, and the protein has a low molecular weight of less than about 10,000. Molecular weight protein.
2) Low molecular weight proteins having a molecular weight of less than about 10,000 as measured by Tricine-SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.
(2)
If the ratio of low-molecular-weight protein having a molecular weight of less than about 10,000, which is an indicator of freshness, to the total protein in royal jelly is 44% by weight or less, it is evaluated that the physiological activity is sufficiently exhibited. The method for evaluating freshness of royal jelly according to claim 1.

一方、ローヤルゼリー中に、下記に示す性質を有するタンパク質:
1)トソー株式会社製TSKゲルG3000SW(7.5×30cm)をカラムとして用いて、0.3M塩化ナトリウム、0.05%アジ化ナトリウム含有0.1M燐酸緩衝液(pH7.0)を展開液とし、流速を0.3ml/min、カラム温度を35℃に設定し、280nmの吸光度で検出する高速液体クロマトグラフィーにおいて、保持時間35〜45分にピークを有するタンパク質であり、分子量が約10000未満の低分子量タンパク質
2)トリシンSDSポリアクリルアミドゲル電気泳動により測定される分子量が約10000未満の低分子量タンパク質
存在することは知られておらず、又該分子量約10000未満の低分子量タンパク質の
起源は、元々含まれているものの他、熱によ分子量約10000以上の高分子量タンパク質の分解により生成したものであり、それに伴いローヤルゼリーの種々の生理活性が低下することも知られていなかった。更に、その分子量約10000未満の低分子量タンパク質がローヤルゼリーの鮮度の指標になることも知られていなかった。
On the other hand, a protein having the following properties in royal jelly :
1) bets over saw Ltd. TSK gel G3000SW the (7.5 × 30 cm) using as a column, 0.3 M sodium chloride, 0.05% sodium azide 0.1M phosphate buffer an eluent (pH 7.0) and then, set the flow rate of 0.3 ml / min, the column temperature 35 ° C., in a high-speed liquid chromatography detecting at 280nm absorbance is a protein having a peak at retention time 35-45 min, a molecular weight of about 10000 Less than low molecular weight proteins ,
2) a low molecular weight protein having a molecular weight of less than about 10,000 as measured by Tricine - SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis ;
There it is not known that is present, also the origin of the low molecular weight proteins of molecular weight less than about 10,000, in addition to those included originally produced by the decomposition of by that molecular weight of about 10,000 or more high molecular weight proteins to the heat are as hereinbefore, various physiological activities of royal jelly with it has not been known to decrease. Furthermore, it has not been known that the low molecular weight protein having a molecular weight of less than about 10,000 serves as an indicator of the freshness of royal jelly.

【0006】
【課題の解決手段】
この様な状況に鑑みて、本発明者らは鋭意研究努力を重ねた結果、ローヤルゼリー中の鮮度の指標物質が分子量約10000未満の低分子量タンパク質であり、且つ該タンパク質が熱により分子量10000以上の高分子量タンパク質が分解することにより生成し、このような分解によりローヤルゼリーの種々の生理活性が低下することを見出し、発明を完成させるに至った。該タンパク質について、以後、単に「分子量約10000未満の低分子量タンパク質」或いは「分子量10000未満低分子量タンパク質」と表現することがある。即ち、本発明は、次に示す技術に関するものである。
(1)ローヤルゼリー中の下記に示す性質を有する分子量約10000未満の低分子量タンパク質を指標とすることを特徴とする、ローヤルゼリーの鮮度の評価方法。
1)トーソー株式会社製TSKゲルG3000SW(7.5×30cm)をカラムとして用いて、0.3M塩化ナトリウム、0.05%アジ化ナトリウム含有0.1M燐酸緩衝液(pH7.0)を展開液とし、流速を0.3ml/min、カラム温度を35℃に設定し、280nmの吸光度で検出する高速液体クロマトグラフィーにおいて、保持時間35〜45分にピークを有するタンパク質であり、分子量が約10000未満の低分子量タンパク質。
2)トリシン−SDSポリアクリルアミドゲル電気泳動により測定される分子量が約10000未満の低分子量タンパク質。
(2)鮮度の指標物質である分子量約10000未満の低分子量タンパク質のローヤルゼリー中総タンパク質量あたりに占める割合が、44重量%以下である場合に生理活性が十分に発揮されると評価することを特徴とする、(1)に記載のローヤルゼリーの鮮度の評価方法
以下、本発明について、実施の形態を中心に説明を加える。
[0006]
[Means for solving the problem]
In view of such a situation, the present inventors have made intensive research efforts, and as a result, the indicator substance of freshness in royal jelly is a low molecular weight protein having a molecular weight of less than about 10,000, and the protein has a molecular weight of 10,000 or more due to heat. generated by decomposing the high molecular weight proteins, found that lowering various physiological activities of royal jelly by such degradation, thereby completing the invention. Hereinafter, the protein may be simply referred to as “low molecular weight protein having a molecular weight of less than about 10,000” or “low molecular weight protein having a molecular weight of less than 10,000”. That is, the present invention relates to the following technology.
(1) A method for evaluating the freshness of royal jelly, wherein a low-molecular-weight protein having a molecular weight of less than about 10,000 and having the following properties in royal jelly is used as an index .
1) Using a TSK gel G3000SW (7.5 × 30 cm) manufactured by Tosoh Corporation as a column, a developing solution of 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.0) containing 0.3 M sodium chloride and 0.05% sodium azide, A protein having a peak at a retention time of 35 to 45 minutes in high performance liquid chromatography in which the flow rate is set to 0.3 ml / min, the column temperature is set to 35 ° C., and the absorbance at 280 nm is detected, and the protein has a low molecular weight of less than about 10,000. Molecular weight protein.
2) A low molecular weight protein having a molecular weight of less than about 10,000 as measured by tricine-SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.
(2) To evaluate that the physiological activity is sufficiently exhibited when the ratio of the low molecular weight protein having a molecular weight of less than about 10,000, which is an indicator of freshness, to the total protein content in royal jelly is 44% by weight or less. The method for evaluating the freshness of royal jelly according to (1) , which is characterized in that :
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described focusing on embodiments.

【0007】
【発明の実施の形態】
(1)本発明のーヤルゼリーの成分である鮮度の指標物質
本発明の鮮度の指標物質は、ローヤルゼリーに含有されていることを特徴とする。ローヤルゼリーの化学的組成は、生産地により、多少の差異はあるが、水分65〜70%、タンパク質15〜20%、炭水化物10〜15%、脂肪1.7〜6%、灰分0.7〜2%含むとされている。ローヤルゼリーの生物学的・薬理学的作用については、老化予防作用、酵素作用、抗菌作用、抗腫瘍作用、血液・循環器に対する作用などが知られている。本発明に係るローヤルゼリーは、分子量約10000未満の低分子量タンパク質が、ローヤルゼリー中総タンパク質量あたりに占める割合が44重量%以下であることを特徴とする
。このタンパク質は本発明者らによって、はじめてローヤルゼリー中で確認された成分であり、このタンパク質は、熱により分子量約10000以上の高分子量タンパク質の分解により生成したものであり、分子量約10000未満の低分子量タンパク質の含有量が増加すると、ローヤルゼリーの種々の生理活性が低下する。ローヤルゼリーの生理活性として、例えば、限界運動量増強作用、肝細胞増殖促進作用、血中アンモニア濃度抑制作用、血中乳酸蓄積抑制作用などの活性を発現することを見出している。ここで、この該タンパク質の含有量であるが、前記効果を十分に発揮する為には、分子量約10000未満の低分子量タンパク質が、ローヤルゼリー中総タンパク質量あたりに占める割合が、多くても44重量%以下であることが好ましい。このタンパク質はGPCカラムを用いた高速液体クロマトグラフィーによって定量する事ができる。即ち、該指標物質の多少により、ローヤルゼリーの効果の程度がわかる。更に、ローヤルゼリーを採取直後より、経時的に保存し、この指標物質を定量した場合、この指標物質の含有量は、特に、40℃及び50℃の高温で単調に増加し、それに伴い、上記したローヤルゼリーの種々の生理活性も同様に減少するため、分子量約10000未満の低分子量タンパク質は、ローヤルゼリーの鮮度の指標物質であることがわかる。
[0007]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
(1) an indicator substance freshness freshness indicator substance present invention is a component of the B Yaruzeri of the present invention is characterized in that it is contained in the royal jelly. The chemical composition of royal jelly varies slightly depending on the place of production, but the water content is 65-70%, protein 15-20%, carbohydrate 10-15%, fat 1.7-6%, ash content 0.7-2. % and it is to contain. As for the biological and pharmacological actions of royal jelly, anti-aging action, enzymatic action, antibacterial action, antitumor action, action on blood and circulatory organ, etc. are known. The royal jelly according to the present invention is characterized in that a low molecular weight protein having a molecular weight of less than about 10,000 accounts for 44% by weight or less of the total protein content in the royal jelly. This protein is present inventors, the first time a component has been identified in royal jelly, this protein is one produced by the decomposition of molecular weight of about 10,000 or more high molecular weight proteins by heat, a molecular weight less than about 10000 Low As the content of the molecular weight protein increases, various biological activities of royal jelly decrease. As a physiological activity of royal jelly, for example, it has been found that royal jelly exerts activities such as a limiting momentum enhancing effect, a hepatocyte proliferation promoting effect, a blood ammonia concentration suppressing effect, a blood lactate accumulation suppressing effect. Here, as for the content of the protein, in order to sufficiently exert the above-mentioned effects, the ratio of low-molecular-weight proteins having a molecular weight of less than about 10,000 to the total protein in royal jelly is at most 44% by weight. % Is preferable. This protein can be quantified by high performance liquid chromatography using a GPC column. That is, the degree of the effect of royal jelly can be determined by the amount of the indicator substance. Furthermore, immediately after collection of royal jelly, it is stored over time, and when this indicator substance is quantified, the content of this indicator substance monotonically increases, especially at high temperatures of 40 ° C. and 50 ° C. Since various physiological activities of royal jelly are similarly reduced, it is understood that low-molecular-weight proteins having a molecular weight of less than about 10,000 are indicators of royal jelly freshness.

(2)高速液体クロマトグラフィーによるローヤルゼリーの鮮度の指標物質の分析
本発明のローヤルゼリー中の分子量約10000未満の低分子量タンパク質は、高速液体クロマトグラフィーにより特定できることを特徴とする。上記の指標物質は、高速液体クロマトグラフィーによるゲル濾過でも識別・定量することが出来る。従って、この様な分析結果をもって、品質管理や効果の鑑別・評価に使用することもできる。かかるゲル濾過分析は、通常に知られている方法に従って行えば良く、この様な好ましい例としては、例えば、トソー株式会社製TSKゲルG3000SWをカラムとして用いて、0.3M塩化ナトリウム、0.05%アジ化ナトリウム含有0.1M燐酸緩衝液(pH7.0)を展開液とし、流速を0.3ml/min、カラム温度を35℃に設定し、280nmの吸光度で検出した結果、鮮度の指標タンパク質量を求めることができる。この分析条件下で、上記指標タンパク質は、保持時間35分〜45分にピークとして現れる。また、既知分子量のゲル濾過分析の結果より、上記指標物質の分子量は、約10000未満と確定された。
(2) Analysis of Indicator Substance of Freshness of Royal Jelly by High Performance Liquid Chromatography The low molecular weight protein having a molecular weight of less than about 10,000 in the royal jelly of the present invention is characterized in that it can be identified by high performance liquid chromatography. The above-mentioned indicator substances can also be identified and quantified by gel filtration using high performance liquid chromatography. Therefore, such analysis results can be used for quality control and for discrimination / evaluation of effects. Such gel filtration analysis may be performed according to methods known in the normally Examples of such preferred embodiment, for example, by using a preparative chromatography saw Ltd. TSK gel G3000SW as a column, 0.3 M sodium chloride, 0 As a developing solution, 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.0) containing 0.05% sodium azide was used, the flow rate was set to 0.3 ml / min, the column temperature was set to 35 ° C., and the absorbance at 280 nm was detected. The indicator protein amount can be determined. Under these analytical conditions, the indicator protein appears as a peak at a retention time of 35-45 minutes. Also, from the result of gel filtration analysis of known molecular weight, the molecular weight of the indicator substance was determined to be less than about 10,000.

(4)電気泳動によるローヤルゼリー中の分子量約10000未満の低分子量タンパク質の定性方法
本発明のローヤルゼリー中の分子量約10000未満の低分子量タンパク質は、トリシンSDSポリアクリルアミドゲル電気泳動によりタンパク質の構成やタンパク質の分子量を分析することができる。この電気泳動法はSchagger(Schagger, H. et al., Anal.
Biochem., 166, 368-379 (1987))の方法によって行うことができる。特に限定されないが、好ましい方法としては、水溶性ローヤルゼリータンパク質(3%ローヤルゼリー水溶液(W/V))をポリアクリルアミドゲル(10%均一)にて、トリシンを含む電極液にて電流20mAで電気泳動し、クマシーブリリアントブルーにより染色して、タンパク質を特定する方法である。この様な電気泳動に於ける本発明のタンパク質の分子量は、分子
量マーカーとしてペプチドマーカーキット(ファルマシアバイオテク社)を用いた場合、約10000未満と決定された。
(4) Method for qualitative determination of low molecular weight protein having a molecular weight of less than about 10,000 in royal jelly by electrophoresis The low molecular weight protein having a molecular weight of less than about 10,000 in the royal jelly of the present invention is obtained by tricine - SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Can be analyzed for its molecular weight. The electrophoretic methods Schagger et al (Schagger, H. et al., Anal.
Biochem., 166, 368-379 (1987)). Although not particularly limited, a preferred method is to electrophorese a water-soluble royal jelly protein (3% royal jelly aqueous solution (W / V)) on a polyacrylamide gel (10% uniform) with an electrode solution containing tricine at a current of 20 mA. And staining with Coomassie Brilliant Blue to identify the protein. The molecular weight of the protein of the in the present invention to such electrophoresis, when a peptide marker kit (Pharmacia Biotech) as a molecular weight marker, was determined to less than about 10,000.

<実施例1>
各種保存温度条件下に於けるローヤルゼリーの鮮度の指標である分子量約10000未満の低分子量タンパク質をトソー株式会社製TSKゲルG3000SWをカラムとして用いて、0.3M塩化ナトリウム、0.05%アジ化ナトリウム含有0.1M燐酸緩衝液(pH7.0)を展開液とし、流速を0.3ml/min、カラム温度を35℃に設定したGPCにより含有率を測定した。即ち、ローヤルゼリーを4℃、20℃、40℃及び50℃に保存し、0日(スタート時の新鮮なローヤルゼリー中の分子量約10000未満の低分子量タンパク質の含有量/ローヤルゼリー中の総タンパク質量(%)),1日後,3日後,5日後,7日後のローヤルゼリー中の分子量約10000未満の低分子量タンパク質の含有量を測定した。表1に示すように、4℃における保存では、子量約10000以上のタンパク質が分解をされず、7日後まで分子量約10000未満の低分子量タンパク質は増加しなかった。また、20℃保存の条件では、5,7日後に、分子量約10000未満の低分子量タンパク質は多少増加し45.2%となった。一方、高温の40℃及び50℃保存の条件では、1〜7日後まで、分子量約10000未満の低分子量タンパク質は経時的に増加し7日後でそれぞれ、63.8%及び74.1%に増加した。即ち、この分子量約10000未満の低分子量タンパク質はローヤルゼリーの鮮度の指標物質となりうることがわかる。
<Example 1>
Using low molecular weight protein having a molecular weight less than about 10,000, which is an index of the in royal jelly freshness various storage temperatures preparative chromatography saw Ltd. TSK gel G3000SW as a column, 0.3 M NaCl, 0.05% azide A 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.0) containing sodium chloride was used as a developing solution, and the content was measured by GPC at a flow rate of 0.3 ml / min and a column temperature of 35 ° C. That is, the royal jelly was stored at 4 ° C., 20 ° C., 40 ° C. and 50 ° C., and stored for 0 days (content of low molecular weight protein having a molecular weight of less than about 10,000 in fresh royal jelly at the start / total protein amount in royal jelly (% )), The content of low molecular weight protein having a molecular weight of less than about 10,000 in royal jelly was measured after 1 day, 3 days, 5 days, and 7 days. As shown in Table 1, in storage at 4 ° C., not molecular weight of about 10,000 or more proteins degradation, low molecular weight proteins having a molecular weight of less than about 10000 until after 7 days did not increase. In addition, under the condition of storage at 20 ° C., the low molecular weight proteins having a molecular weight of less than about 10,000 slightly increased to 45.2% after 5 or 7 days. On the other hand, under the conditions of high temperature storage at 40 ° C. and 50 ° C., low molecular weight proteins having a molecular weight of less than about 10,000 increase with time until 1 to 7 days, and increase to 63.8% and 74.1% after 7 days, respectively. did. That is, it is understood that this low-molecular-weight protein having a molecular weight of less than about 10,000 can serve as an indicator of freshness of royal jelly.

<実施例2>
マウス抗疲労試験を指標として、実施例1の50℃で経時的に保存したローヤルゼリーの生理活性試験を行った。即ち、実験動物としてddYマウス、5週齢、雄、1群10匹を用いた。ローヤルゼリーの投与方法として、ローヤルゼリーの凍結乾燥物を生換算で5%になるように粉餌(CEー2)に混ぜて2週間自由摂取させた。(計算上の摂取量は5g/Kg)抗疲労試験として、京大松元式マウス運動量測定流水層を用いた。水層の水流量は8L/分で流し、マウスを遊泳させ、7秒間以上息継ぎが出来なくなった時点を遊泳時間とした。群分けとして、1群はコントロール(通常食)、2群は、新鮮なローヤルゼリー投与群、3群は、50℃で1日保存したローヤルゼリー投与群、4群は、50℃で3日保存したローヤルゼリー投与群、5群は50℃で5日保存したローヤルゼリー投与群、6群は50℃で7日保存したローヤルゼリー投与群とした。ウスは泳ぎの上手いものと下手なものがおり、下手なものは遊泳を重ねても遊泳時間がほとんど伸びなかった。従って、マウスの選定として、投与前遊泳時間において40分以上泳いだものだけを選出し実験に供した。実験のスケジュールとして、まず、マウスを週1回遊泳させた。1週目に予備遊泳させ、2週目に投与前遊泳時間を測定した。4週目に投与開始後2週目の遊泳時間を測定した。結果を平均遊泳時間比(投与前の遊泳時間を1とした場合の投与後の遊泳時間の比を平均したもの。)として表2に示す。これより、ローヤルゼリーの鮮度の指標物
質である分子量約10000未満の低分子量タンパク質の含有量が少ないものほど遊泳時間がのびていることがわかる。従って、該タンパク質含量がローヤルゼリーの薬理活性の1つである抗疲労活性に対して極めて良好な相関があることが確かめられた。
<Example 2>
Using the mouse anti-fatigue test as an index, the physiological activity test of the royal jelly of Example 1 stored at 50 ° C. over time was performed. That is, ddY mice, 5 weeks old, male, 10 animals per group were used as experimental animals. As a method of administering royal jelly, a lyophilized product of royal jelly was mixed with a powdered feed (CE-2) so that the lyophilized product became 5% on a raw conversion basis, and allowed to freely ingest for 2 weeks. (Calculated intake is 5 g / Kg) As an anti-fatigue test, a flowing water layer for measuring the momentum of a mouse at Kyoto University Matsumoto was used. The water flow rate of the aqueous layer was 8 L / min, and the mice were allowed to swim. The point at which breathing could not be carried out for 7 seconds or longer was taken as the swimming time. As a grouping, 1 group was a control (normal diet), 2 groups were a fresh royal jelly administration group, 3 groups were a royal jelly administration group stored at 50 ° C. for 1 day, and 4 groups were a royal jelly stored at 50 ° C. for 3 days. The administration group, group 5 was a royal jelly administration group stored at 50 ° C for 5 days, and group 6 was a royal jelly administration group stored at 50 ° C for 7 days. Mouse has a cage thing as a poor good of swimming, a poor thing did not extend most of the time swimming even piled up swimming. Therefore, only mice that swim for 40 minutes or more during the pre-administration swimming time were selected and subjected to the experiment. As a schedule for the experiment, first, the mice were allowed to swim once a week. Preliminary swimming was performed in the first week, and swimming time before administration was measured in the second week. The swimming time was measured two weeks after the start of administration on the fourth week. The results are shown in Table 2 as the average swimming time ratio (average of the swimming time ratio after administration when the swimming time before administration is 1). From this, it can be seen that the lower the content of the low molecular weight protein having a molecular weight of less than about 10,000 which is an indicator of the freshness of royal jelly, the longer the swimming time. Therefore, it was confirmed that the protein content had a very good correlation with the anti-fatigue activity, one of the pharmacological activities of royal jelly.

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