JP2002330977A - Detection circuitry for surgical handpiece system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide various circuit designs to be used for a switch assembly for use in a surgical handpiece system. SOLUTION: The circuit design is provided with a large number of functions including the detection of the presence and direction of electric conductivity. Such a circuit design is provided with a means for detecting and measuring the degree of influence of debris which is located between conductive members of a handpiece. Additionally, such a circuit design is provided with a means for identifying the type of a switch end cap attached to the handpiece. The handpiece body part and switch mechanism are electrically connected to one another in such a manner that the switch end cap can be freely rotated around the handpiece, thereby reducing the number of conducting members required for communicating the status of each switch.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS This patent application is incorporated by reference in US Provisional Patent Application Ser. Nos. 60 / 241,899 and 60.
Claims the benefits of / 242,272.

[0001]

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to ultrasonic surgical systems and, more particularly, to the simultaneous soft tissue repair of large and small blood vessels through the use of highly controlled ultrasonically vibrating devices such as blades or scalpels. An improved device for facilitating performing surgical procedures including incision and cauterization.

[0002]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION It is known that electrical scalpels and lasers can be used as a surgical device to perform two functions, simultaneous ablation and softening of soft tissue by ablating tissue and blood vessels. I have. However, such devices use extremely high temperatures to form a solidified state, resulting in vaporization and fuming and splashing. In addition, the use of such devices often creates relatively large areas of thermal tissue damage.

[0003] Cutting and cauterizing tissue with a rapidly vibrating surgical blade by an ultrasonic drive mechanism is also well known. Such a system is provided with a generator that generates an electrical signal of a specific voltage, current and frequency, for example, 55,500 cycles per second. The generator is connected via a cable to a handpiece, which contains a piezoelectric element forming an ultrasonic transducer. In response to a switch on the handpiece or a foot switch connected to the generator via another cable, a signal from the generator is supplied to the transducer, which causes a longitudinal oscillation of each element. Certain structures connect the transducer to the surgical blade, which causes the surgical blade to oscillate as the generator provides a signal to the transducer. Since the structure is designed to resonate at a given frequency, the operation initiated by the transducer is amplified.

[0004] The blades described above are often asymmetric in shape, and during a surgical procedure, a physician manipulates the handpiece to contact the blade with the tissue to be treated. Because the switch controlling the operation of the blade is located on the handpiece, the location of the switch may prevent a physician from contacting tissue in the desired orientation of the blade.
That is, the relative position between the switch and the blade prevents or makes it difficult for the physician to operate the blade in its proper position, even when the switch can be activated with his / her finger. there is a possibility.

[0005]

Therefore, a hand that allows a physician to freely access and operate on tissue without having to worry about the relative position between the switch and the blade. There is a need for a piece and switch assembly.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Various circuit designs for use in a surgical handpiece system are disclosed herein. The surgical handpiece system includes a switch end cap, the switch end cap being rotatable, and preferably a handpiece attached to a switch mechanism provided within the switch end cap. The main body part is detachably connected. The body portion of the handpiece and the switch mechanism can reduce the number of conductive members required for the switch end cap to rotate freely about the body portion of the handpiece to communicate the state of each switch. They are electrically connected to each other in a fashion.

In one embodiment, a detection circuit is provided in a component of the console, the console being connected to and supplying power to the body portion of the handpiece. For example, the detection circuit is designed to detect the presence and direction of electrical conductivity across a conductive member of the handpiece. The switch end cap described above includes a reduced number of conductive members for carrying signals for monitoring the state of each of a predetermined number of independent switches forming part of the switch end cap. It has circuitry that allows it to be used. Due to the circuit and configuration of each conductive member of the handpiece, two independent switches are provided by only two sets of conductive members, rather than three or more sets of conductive members, which would be required in conventional forms of circuit-based monitoring. It becomes possible to monitor the condition. This reduction in conductive members allows the handpiece configuration to be made smaller and more reliable.

In another aspect, the handpiece detection circuit and the switch end cap circuit provide a means for detecting and measuring the extent of debris entering between the conductive members of the handpiece. I do. In addition, the imperfect effects of the debris described above are reduced by the handpiece using the circuitry of the present invention.

In still another aspect, the switch comprises:
The end cap circuit can be used in combination with the detection circuit as a means for identifying the type of switch end cap attached to the body of the handpiece. By changing the circuit used in this switch end cap,
The type of end cap can be detected by the detection circuit.
Thus, a generator having this detection circuit can detect which type of switch end cap is attached to the handpiece.

[0010] Other features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of the invention which refers to the accompanying drawings.
The above and other features of each embodiment of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of these embodiments and illustrations thereof.

[0011]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION In FIG. 1, an ultrasonic surgical cutting and hemostasis system according to an example embodiment is indicated generally by the numeral 10. The system 10 includes a console or housing 20 for containing an ultrasound generator (not shown) and a control system located within the console 20 forming part of the system 10. The first cable 22 is the console 2
0 is connected to the handpiece 100 and acts to electrically connect between them. This first cable 22
Comprises a first set of wires (not shown) that enable electrical energy, i.e., drive current, to be supplied from the console 20 to the handpiece 100; Provides ultrasonic longitudinal movement of the surgical instrument 30. According to an exemplary embodiment, the surgical instrument 30 is preferably a sharp scalpel blade or shear. This instrument 30 can be used for simultaneous tissue dissection and cauterization.

The supply of the ultrasonic current to the handpiece 100 is controlled by a switch mechanism 110 arranged in the handpiece 100. As detailed below,
The switch mechanism 110 is connected to the console 20, or more specifically, to its generator, via one or more wires (not shown) of a first cable 22. Further, the generator can optionally be controlled by a foot switch 40 connected to the console 20 via a second cable 50. Thus, during use, the surgeon may provide an ultrasonic electrical signal to the handpiece 100 by actuating the switch mechanism 110 or the foot switch 40 on the handpiece 100 to activate the instrument 30 at the ultrasonic frequency. It can be vibrated in the longitudinal direction. The switch mechanism 110 is activated by the surgeon's hand and the foot switch 40 is activated by the surgeon's foot.

The console 10 of the generator includes a liquid crystal display 24 which displays an output level selected by various means, such as a maximum cutting output rate or a numerical output level associated with the cutting output. Can be used to direct. The liquid crystal display 20 can also be used to display other parameters in the system. Output switch 26 is used to start the device.
In the warm-up state, the message "standb
y) "light 28 lights up. When the operation preparation is completed,
The "ready" indicator 14 lights up,
The standby light goes off. The MAX indicator lights when the device supplies the maximum output. If less output is selected, the MIN indicator lights. This M
The output level when the IN indicator is activated is set by the button 16.

When performing a diagnostic test, the test is initiated by a “test” button 19. For safety reasons, for example, button 19 may be pressed in combination with switch mechanism 110 or foot switch 40 to ensure that the examination does not begin when the blade is in contact with the surgeon or other personnel. Can be. Further, if the switch mechanism 110 is to be activated in place of the foot switch 40, the "hand activation" button 18 on the front panel is selected to enable use of the button. There is a need.

The operation of the switch mechanism 110 or the switch 40 causes the ultrasonic handpiece 100 to operate.
When power is supplied to the scalpel, the assembly vibrates the scalpel or blade 30 longitudinally at about 55.5 kHz, the amount of longitudinal movement being provided depending on the user's adjustable choice. It changes in proportion to the amount of driving power (current). When providing a relatively high cutting power, the blade 30 may have about 40
It is designed to move longitudinally in the range of microns to 100 microns. Such ultrasonic vibration of the blade 30 occurs when the blade comes into contact with tissue,
The acceleration of the blade in the tissue converts the mechanical energy of the blade into thermal energy in a very narrow localized area. In addition, this localized heat forms a narrow zone of coagulation, which can reduce or eliminate bleeding in small blood vessels smaller than 1 millimeter in diameter. The cutting efficiency and degree of hemostasis of the blade will vary depending on the level of drive power supplied, the cutting speed of the surgeon, the nature of the tissue type and the vascularity of the tissue.

Referring now to FIGS. 2-7, the handpiece 100 is shown in greater detail, the ultrasound handpiece for converting electrical energy, indicated generally by the numeral 120, to mechanical energy. It contains a piezoelectric transducer, and this mechanical energy causes an oscillating motion along the length of both ends of the transducer. Preferably, the transducer 120 has a motion null between the ends of the stack.
point) in the form of a stacked ceramic piezoelectric element. A horn 130 is connected to the transducer 120 on one side. Furthermore, a (surgical) instrument 30 is fixed to a part of the horn 130. As a result, the instrument 30 vibrates longitudinally at the ultrasonic frequency speed of the transducer 120. Transducer 120
Perform the maximum operation when the transducer 120 is driven by a current of 380 mA RMS at the resonant frequency of the transducer. This is only a schematic description of the operation of the handpiece 100, and those skilled in the art will understand how to operate each particular component to achieve its ultrasonic surgical operation.

Each part of the handpiece 100 is designed so that its combination vibrates at the same resonance frequency. In particular, each component housed in the device is adjusted such that its final length is 波長 wavelength. As the diameter of the portion of the acoustic mounting horn 130 relatively close to the instrument 30 decreases, longitudinal movement back and forth along the length is amplified. Therefore, horn 13
0 and the instrument 30 are shaped and reduced to amplify the blade motion and provide a resonant resonance tuned to the rest of the acoustic system, thereby reducing the acoustics close to the instrument 30. The end of the mechanical mounting horn 130 performs the maximum fore-aft movement.

The handpiece 100 is the transducer 1
A body portion 150 is provided for housing internal operating components, including but not limited to the horn 20 and the horn 130. The main body portion 150 is connected to the main body portion 15 as described in detail later.
It is designed to engage against a switch end cap 200 (FIG. 2) that is rotatably coupled to zero. Preferably, the switch end cap 200
Is detachably connected to the main body 150. Body portion 150 has a distal end 152 and an opposite proximal end 154 attached to one end of cable 22. Body portion 150 can have any number of shapes and is designed to allow a user to easily grasp and comfortably hold handpiece 100 in a hand. Preferably, the body portion 150 is generally annular in shape, and in the exemplary embodiment, the handpiece 100 allows the user to grip around the handpiece 100 and rest the thumb and one or more fingers thereon. It has a design with multiple tapered sections that can be used. In the illustrated embodiment, body portion 150 is formed from a metallic material, but it will be understood that body portion 150 can be formed from a number of materials, including but not limited to plastic materials.

At the proximal end 154, an electrical adapter 156 is provided and is electrically connected to the cable 22 by one or more wires (not shown). Further, the electrical adapter 154 is
Is also electrically connected to other internal components of the handpiece 100, as will be described in more detail below, power can be selectively supplied to the handpiece 100 by the switch mechanism 110. The proximal end 154 is generally an end closed by the cable 22 disposed therein, while the distal end 152 is an end that is at least partially open. Horn 130
Extends in the direction of the tip 152, and the tip 132 of the horn 130 is connected to the tip 15 of the handpiece 100.
It extends from 2. Additionally, the tip 132 has a stud 456 or similar extending outwardly therefrom. Preferably, the stud 456 has a threaded stud and is designed to engage in a threaded manner with the instrument 30 to secure the instrument 30 and the handpiece 100. The device 30 has an insulative sheath 34 disposed about the blade portion 32 along with the blade portion (FIG. 5). In addition, the blade portion 32 has an exposed blade tip 36 that extends from the insulating sheath 34 and is available for contacting and cutting tissue or the like. Insulating sheath 34
Is formed of any suitable number of insulating materials, and in one embodiment, is formed of a plastic material.

At the tip 152, the main body 15
0 has a reduced diameter to form the flange member 160 (FIG. 3). This flange member 16
0 has a cavity 162 in which the horn 1
30 extend. In the illustrated embodiment, the flange member 160 has an annular shape, extends to a position immediately before the tip 132 of the horn 130, and further includes a portion of the horn 130 including the tip 132.
60 extend from the end. This flange member 160
Extends from the rest of body portion 150, a shoulder 164 is formed. Flange member 16
The zero outer surface 166 may have one or more ridges 166, schematically indicated by reference numeral 168, which ridges 168 extend annularly around the outer surface 166. . In the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG.
Each ridge 168 has an annular thread since the two ridges 168 are in the form of spaced apart threads and the outer surface 166 is annular in shape. It will be appreciated that the outer surface 166 described above is configured to complementarily engage the switch end cap 200.

As best shown in FIGS. 2 and 7, body portion 150 further includes a horn 130 within cavity 162.
First conductive finger element 1 arranged around
70. In an exemplary embodiment, the first conductive finger element 170 is an annular ring formed by a plurality of fingers 171 arranged radially around horn 130. Each finger 171 of the conductive finger element 170 is connected to the first portion 172 and each finger 17
It has a second portion 174 which constitutes one free end. This free second end 174 electrically engages another conductive member when the handpiece 100 is assembled, as described in more detail below. Preferably, this second end 174 bends in some places, adopts a generally zigzag shape, and is flexible enough that each finger 171 can bend with a constant applied force. In addition,
It will be appreciated that instead of having multiple fingers 171, it is also possible to have a single finger 171.

At the base end of the first portion 172,
Each finger 171 is connected to a conductive base ring, indicated schematically by reference numeral 176, which forms a conductive path between all fingers 171. Further, the first conductive base ring 1
Reference numeral 76 designates the first conductive finger element 170 as the main body part 1.
50, and more specifically, for proper positioning and positioning within the cavity 162. This first conductive base ring 176 is
0, which is fixed between the body portion 150 and the ring 176 in the cavity 162.
The use of more than one spacer 178 is electrically insulated from the conductive body portion 150. Due to the annular shape of the body portion 150 and the horn 130, the one or more spacers-178 are each in the form of an insulative ring structure and each finger 171 and the conductive body portion 1
50. Generally, the one or more spacers-178 are formed from any number of suitable plastic or elastic materials. Further, the first
Is separated from the horn 130 made of a conductive material such as a metal by a certain and sufficient distance.
1 or another part of the element 170 is the handpiece 1
There is no contact with horn 130 during assembly of 00. At least one spacer 178 is attached to each finger 1
By positioning between the body portion 150 and the body portion 150, each spacer 178 causes each finger 171 to attach to the body portion 15.
It acts so as to be slightly pushed inward from the zero conductive inner surface portion 151.

As already mentioned with reference to FIG. 3, the cable 22 serves to supply power to the handpiece and accordingly the first conductive finger element 1
70 is electrically connected to electrical adapter 156 by one or more wires (not shown), which connect the first conductive finger element 17 to electrical adapter 156.
0 extends along the length of the body portion 150. It is to be understood that since the body 150 is electrically connected to the cable 22, it is understood that the body 150 itself acts as an electrical path or wire, which will be described in more detail below. I do.

As best shown in FIGS. 4-7, the switch end cap 200 engages the body portion 150 so that the switch end cap 200
Can rotate freely about the body portion 150 of the handpiece during operation of the handpiece 100. This switch end cap 200 is the tip 2
02 and an outer shell 201 having an opposite proximal end 204
And the proximal end 204 of the switch end cap 200 is connected to the distal end 15 of the main body 150.
2 and engage it (FIG. 4). Outer shell 2
Numeral 01 has an outer surface portion 206 (FIG. 6), which has an outer shape that can be gripped and held by a user during operation of the handpiece 100.
The proximal end 204 of the outer shell 201 is essentially of a generally annular configuration, with the exemplary outer shell 201 tapering slightly inward and having a switch portion 210 ( FIG. 4) is formed. This slightly tapered portion forms a finger-shaped recess that is used during coupling of the switch end cap 200 to the body 150 or during rotational movement of the switch end cap 200 relative to the body 150. Enables the user to easily grasp and hold the outer shell 201.

In practice, the switch portion 210 is designated
A pair of finger portions having a pair of opposed outer shapes and indicated generally by numeral 12 (FIG. 1)
4 (FIG. 6) is formed by a pair of opposing concave button portions shown schematically by FIG. Preferably, one finger portion 212 is formed approximately 180 ° apart from the other finger portion 212 and one concave button portion 214 is formed approximately 180 ° apart from the other button portion 214. . The holding of the outer shell part 201 and the operation in the rotation direction are performed by the one finger part 21.
This can be done by placing the thumb on 2 and placing another finger, eg, the middle finger, on the other finger portion 212. This allows the index finger to rest on one of the button portions 214. Each button portion 214 is slightly tapered with respect to the proximal end 204, while the tapered portion for forming each finger portion 212 is at a rest position corresponding to the thumb and one or more fingers. It is even clearer that it adapts.

The outer shell part 201 has a bore hole 22 therethrough.
0 (FIG. 4) with its distal end 202 and proximal end 20
4 at least partially open. The bore 220 is sized to receive the first conductive member 230, and by arranging the conductive member 230 in the bore 220, the first conductive member 230 -It can be fixedly arranged in the end cap 200. In this exemplary embodiment, the first conductive member 230 is formed of a cylindrical member formed of a suitable conductive material such as a metal. The first conductive member 230 extends from a position near the distal end 202 to a position near the proximal end 204.
1 along a certain length. Preferably, the diameter of the opening at the tip 202 is the size of the conductive member 23.
0 is approximately the same size as the diameter of the conductive member 230, is axially aligned with the conductive member, allows access to the inside of the conductive member 230, and enables cleaning of the inside of the conductive member 230. ing.

As best shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, at the tip 202, a seal member 240 is disposed at an end of the conductive member 230. More specifically, the sealing member 240 is held in a groove formed in the outer shell 201 adjacent to the conductive member 230. Preferably, this sealing member 240 is formed of silicon. As described later in detail, the sheave member 240 is designed to prevent unnecessary foreign substances from entering the conductive member 230. When the switch end cap 200 is engaged with the handpiece body portion 150, the (surgical) instrument 30 extends into the conductive member 230 and the switch end cap 20
0 extends from the opening formed in the tip 202. Thus, the device penetrates the sealing member 240. Further, due to the elastic nature of the sealing member 240, the sealing member 240
To form a seal therebetween. This seal prevents any foreign material from entering through the opening formed in the distal end 202 of the outer shell 201, as this limits any material that may enter during the surgical procedure. I do.

As best shown in FIG. 6, near the proximal end 204, the switch end cap 200 has an annular platform 250 that is preferably concentric with the conductive member 230. The bore 220 is formed in the annular platform 250, and more specifically, the bore 22.
Since 0 starts at the annular platform 250, the annular platform 250 has an opening formed in its central portion. The annular platform 250 extends radially inward toward the base end portion 204 and has an inner surface portion 203 of the outer shell portion 201.
Extending away from another annular surface portion 252 extending therein. The annular platform 250 preferably has a diameter smaller than the diameter defined by the inner surface 203 of the outer shell 201, so that a gap 254 is formed between the annular platform 250 and the inner surface 203 of the outer shell 201. Have been. Therefore, the annular platform 250 can be considered as a spacer member. The conductive member 230 is configured such that a part of the conductive member 230 is separated from the annular platform 250 by the base end portion 204.
Has a certain length so as to extend into a cavity formed in the inner surface portion 203 of the outer shell portion 201 in FIG. The inner diameter of the outer shell 201 near the base end 204 can be slightly changed by one or more lip portions 258 formed on the inner surface 203 of the outer shell 201. These one or more lip portions 258 connect the handpiece body portion 150 to the switch end cap 20.
It acts to form an engaging surface portion of the handpiece 100 when coupled to a zero.

As best shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the switch end cap 200 also includes a pair of switch button members 270, which are button portions 214 formed within the shell 201. It is detachably fixed inside. Each switch button member 270 has a top surface 272 and includes a flange 274 supported against a retainer 275 formed as part of the outer shell 201. This flange 274 is attached to the cage 2
Sealed by 75 prevents any foreign matter or the like from entering the electronic switch components of the switch mechanism 110. Preferably, the retainer 275 is attached to the shell 201 by conventional techniques including a snap-fit configuration. Further, the first post 276 and the second post 276
Are spaced apart from each other by an intermediate lateral wall 280 formed therebetween. The upper surface portion 272 includes a first upright portion 282 and a second upright portion 284 spaced therefrom, and an intermediate concave portion 286 is formed therebetween. Therefore, the upper surface portion 27
2 indicates that the switch / button member 270 is moved from the intermediate concave portion 286 to the first upright portions 282 and the second upright portions 28.
It becomes slightly beveled as it transitions to 4. In the illustrated embodiment, the first post 276 is located generally lower than the first upright portion 282 and the second post 278 is located generally lower than the second upright member 284, and Pushes the first upright portion 282 downward, so that the first post 276 moves downward. Similarly, when the user sets the second upright portion 2
When 84 is pushed down, the second post 278 moves down.

The switch button members 270 are each designed to act as a switch button that can be pressed to selectively activate the handpiece 100, as described in more detail below. These switch / button members 270 are formed of a suitable material such as a plastic material, and preferably, these switch / button members 270 are formed of an elastic plastic material. In one example of an exemplary embodiment, each switch button member 270 is formed of silicon, a material that allows these members to be sufficiently resilient, and each member comprises a respective one of the button portions 214. It can be fitted and secured therein and provide an engagement surface corresponding to a finger or thumb during operation of the handpiece 100. In one example of an aspect of the invention, the outer shape of switch button member 270 allows the fingertip to easily rest between first upright portion 282 and second upright portion 284. In other words, the fingertip can be supported and stopped in the intermediate recess 286 without activating the switch mechanism 110. Because each switch button member 270 is located within each button portion 214, the switch button portions 270 are approximately 180 degrees apart from each other.
Also, the recess 286 allows each switch / button member 270 to be activated without accidental activation.
This is advantageous in that it provides a place for the user to rest his finger during the zero operation. This can be done by having the recess 286 located above the pivot position of each switch / button member 270.

Further, the switch end cap 20
0 also includes a pair of printed circuit boards (PCBs) 290 that form part of the electronic switch mechanism 110. These PCBs 290 are disposed in the outer shell 201, and each PCB 290 is disposed between the conductive member 230 and the switch / button member 270. These PCBs 290 extend longitudinally with respect to an axis passing through a bore 220 formed in the switch end cap 200. The distal end 292 of each PCB 290 is located near the distal end 202 of the switch end cap 200 and proximal to the seal member 240. Each PCB 290 has a proximal end 294 opposite its distal end 292. Note that these PCs
It will be appreciated that instead of using B290, another suitable electronic component may be used, such as a flexible circuit component known as a "flexprint".

A pair of fasteners 300 are mounted on each PCB 290
To electrically connect to the conductive member 230.
More specifically, since the PCB 290 is electrically connected to the conductive member 230, one side of the switch circuit according to the present invention is defined by the conductive member 230. A pair of fasteners 300 pass through each opening (not shown) formed in each PCB 290 and
Desired electrical connection is made between the conductive member 230 and the conductive member 230.

As shown in FIG. 5, the pair of fasteners 300 are disposed below the intermediate horizontal wall portion 280. Each button portion 214 formed in the outer shell 201 is formed in the button portion 214 to receive the first post 276 and the second post 278 of the switch button member 270, and each of the button portions 214 is formed with each other. It has openings that are spaced apart. The exemplary switch mechanism 110 described above is known as a rocker type switch mechanism, and according to an example embodiment, two switch button members 270 partially form the switch mechanism 110. are doing. Each switch button member 270 has two switch sets. For example, the first upright portion 282 and the first post 276 are associated with the first switch set, and the second upright portion 284 and the second
Post 278 is associated with the second switch set. Preferably, the first switch set of one switch button member 270 is identical to the first switch set of the other switch button member 270, which is located approximately 180 degrees from this. In one example of an exemplary embodiment, the first switch set is for a maximum power setting and the second switch set is for a minimum power setting (or for a power setting less than the maximum setting). It should be noted that the reverse design in which the first switch set can be designed for transmitting the minimum power to the handpiece 100 and the second switch set can be designed for transmitting the maximum power to the handpiece 100 is also the same. Can be said.

Each of the PCBs 290 described above can also be designed to provide a circuit having two different switch sets. It should be noted that a signal is supplied to a generator or the like in accordance with a portion of the switch / button member 270 touched by the user to supply at least two different levels of power to the handpiece 1.
It will be appreciated that any number of PCBs 290 can be used in the practice of the present invention, provided that each PCB 290 contains circuitry that can be supplied to 00. One example of a preferred type of PCB 290 is a dome switch type PCB 290, where the first dome (not shown) is crushed under a constant force to a first signal (eg, maximum power). Signal) is formed as part of the PCB 290 for generating the signal. This dome switch type PCB2
90 further comprises a second dome (not shown);
The second dome has a P for generating a second signal (eg, a minimum power signal) when crushed under a constant force.
It is formed as a part of CB290. It will be appreciated that the switch mechanism 110 of the present invention is not limited to generating signals for controlling power supply to the handpiece 100. That is, the switch mechanism 110 described above can be used to generate a signal for controlling another function of the handpiece 100.
For example, such control signals can be used to selectively control console functions, including, but not limited to, standby functions, diagnostic functions, and the function of switching console 20 on and off.

The first dome is connected to the first post 27.
6 below the first raised portion 2
82, the switch button member 270 pivots about the fastener 300 and the first post 276
The first post 276 moves down through each opening formed in the button portion 214 until it contacts B290. More specifically, the first post 2
76 contacts the first dome of PCB 290, which is collapsed. When the first dome is collapsed, current flows in a first direction through the PCB 290 and the entire switch mechanism 110. On the other hand, when the user presses the second upstanding portion 284, the second post 278 contacts and crushes the second dome, causing current to flow through the PCB 290 and the entire second switching mechanism 110 to the opposite second. Flows in the direction. It is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the use of the dome-type mechanism described above, but that any other mechanism that operates with normally closed switches closed can be used in the practice of the invention. Also, the action of squashing the dome is only one exemplary method of closing a normally open switch.

As best shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the switch end cap 200 further includes a second conductive finger element 310 disposed about the proximal end of the conductive member 230. . In this exemplary embodiment, the second conductive finger element 310
Is an annular ring-shaped member formed by a plurality of fingers 311 radially arranged around the conductive member 230. Each finger 311 of the conductive finger member 310 has a first portion 312 electrically connected to one of the PCBs 290 and a series-connected second portion 314 forming a free end of the finger 311.
have. This free second portion 314 makes electrical contact with another conductive member when assembling the handpiece 100, as will be described in more detail below. Preferably, this second
Portion 314 is bent in some portions to adopt a generally zigzag shape. The first conductive finger element 170 and the second conductive finger element 310
Can be formed from any number of suitable conductive materials.

The first part 312 and the second part 3
14, each finger 311 is connected to a conductive base ring, which is indicated schematically by the reference numeral 316, which base ring 316
1 form a conductive path (FIG. 6). The conductive base ring 316 is connected to the switch end cap 20.
It is also used to properly position and position the conductive finger element 310 in the zero. Preferably, the annular platform 250 includes a plurality of radially spaced tabs (not shown), which are electrically conductive fingers by inserting the conductive base ring 316 below the tabs. Holding element 310, a second portion 314 of each finger 311 is disposed between adjacent tabs and serves to extend from these tabs. By securing the conductive finger element 310 within the annular platform 250, the second portion 314 of the plurality of fingers 311 can be manipulated and moved in a direction that approximates or moves away from the conductive member 230. The number of the fingers 311 can vary depending on the exact application, and in one example embodiment, the conductive finger member 310 has six fingers 311.
These fingers 311 also have a mechanism for releasably holding switch end cap 200 against flange 160. When the switch end cap 200 is engaged with the handpiece body 150, each finger 311 bends inward due to engagement with the inner surface of the body 150. As each finger 311 bends inward in this manner, each finger 311 provides an outward biasing force against flange 160 to create a retaining force between switch end cap 200 and body portion 150. . Since the conductive finger element 310 partially forms an electrical path for the handpiece 100, the conductive finger element 3
It is important that 10 does not contact conductive member 230. It is understood that the switch end cap 200 preferably includes a number of additional spacer members that act to further insulate the conductive members in the switch end cap 200, i.e., the element 310 and the member 230. I think.

All conductor members used in the various embodiments of surgical device 10 (FIG. 1) are formed of any number of suitable conductive materials. In one embodiment, these conductive materials are stainless steel, gold-plated copper, beryllium-copper, titanium nitride, or a strong cleaning solution or conductive plastic that helps reduce the tendency to corrode due to autoclaving. Is formed.

Next, the assembly and operation of the handpiece 100 will be described with reference to FIGS. Switch end cap 200 includes stud 456 and horn 13
0 is removably attached to the handpiece body 150 by aligning the 0 with the inside of the conductive member 230. The stud 456 and the horn 130 are connected to the conductive member 23.
After aligning with the boring hole formed in
The end cap 200 is engaged with the flange member 160 so that the switch end cap 200 is
When properly fitted around the zero, a portion of stud 456 and horn 130 is located inside conductive member 230. However, the switch end cap 200
The stud 456 and the horn 130 do not contact the conductive member 230 when is attached to the body portion 150. The proximal end 204 of the switch end cap 200 is supported on or against a portion proximal to the shoulder 164. The stop member 391 formed in the switch end cap 200 engages the distal end 152 of the main body portion 150,
A stop is performed to limit further movement of the switch end cap 200.

The above stud 456 and horn 130
Is located at its proximal end inside the conductive member 230 so that the (surgical) instrument 30 is
Is secured in the switch end cap 200 by securing the More specifically, the device 30 preferably has a threaded hole at the end of the blade opposite the tip (FIG. 3).
Preferably, the device 30 is provided with the above-described screw holes in the studs 456.
The device 3 can be screwed into
0 is attached to stud 456 by fixing it to stud 456. The device 30 is the device 3
The instrument 30 in one direction until 0 is disengaged from the stud 456.
Can be easily removed for cleaning or replacement by simply twisting. When the device 30 is fixed to the stud 456, the insulating sheath 34 of the device 30 comes into contact with the sealing member 240 to form a seal, so that unnecessary foreign matter enters through the opening formed in the tip 202. It can be prevented from entering. Due to the elastic nature of the sealing member 240, the sealing member 240 conforms to the blade shape, and the elastic nature of the insulating sheath 34 forms a more effective seal.

According to another aspect of the present invention, the first conductive finger element 170 and the second conductive finger element 310 provide power to the switch mechanism 110 of the switch end cap 200 and the handpiece 100. And an electric path is formed between the cable 22 and the cable 22 which supplies the means for supplying the electric power. As best shown in FIG. 7, when the switch end cap 200 is attached to the body portion 150, each finger 171 of the first conductive finger element 170 has its first conductive It comes into contact with the outer surface 231 of the member 230 and receives a biasing force against it. This means that the switch end cap 20
This is caused when the first conductive member 230 is disposed between each finger 171 and the horn 130 when the 0 is attached. These conductive members 230 and each finger 1
The electrical conductivity of both 71 forms an electrical path between each PCB and the cable 22. This electrical connection enables the switch mechanism 11 when one of the switch button members 270 is pressed to collapse one of the domes and allow current to flow through the respective PCB 290.
Acts to complete one side of the zero circuit. When the user sets the first upright portion 282 and the second upright portion 28
4 (already pressed by the user), the flow of current through the switch mechanism 110 is interrupted by expanding the dome and interrupting the electrical path.
As a result, power supply to the handpiece 100 is stopped. It will also be appreciated that the switch mechanism 110 described above can include only a single button member 270.

While the switch mechanism 110 has been described generally as a normally open switch assembly in which a mechanism (such as one or more domes) is activated to close the switch, the switch mechanism 110 is described in the art. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the switch mechanism 110 can be a normally closed switch assembly. In such an embodiment, pressing one of the portions 282, 284 opens one of the switches and does not close it as in the other embodiments. Since the dual switch mechanism 110 has a current flow in a first direction and a second direction opposite thereto, opening one of the switches allows current to flow in only one direction. In such an embodiment, the generator or the like has a detection mechanism, such as a detection circuit, which detects the current flowing in the single direction, and reports this to the portions 282, 284. It is designed to be equal to one activation.

Therefore, the first electric path is connected to each PCB 2
90, fastener 300, conductive member 230, finger 171 and these fingers 171 are connected to cable 22.
Specified by one or more wires that electrically connect to the In other words, each finger 171 and the conductive member 23
0 serves to electrically bridge the body portion 150 and the switch mechanism 110 together. That is, current flows through cable 22 before reaching first finger element 170 via one or more wires. Thereafter, when the switch mechanism 110 is operated by one of the switch / button members 270, a current flows into the switch mechanism 110 due to the electrical connection between the fingers 171 and the conductive member 230.

In a similar manner, each finger 311 of the second conductive finger element 300 is
0 body portion 150 and receives a biasing force against it. Since the body portion 150 in this embodiment is formed of a conductive member and is electrically connected to one or more wires of the cable 22, the body portion 150 is used to complete the circuit of the switch mechanism 110. It is composed of a usable conductive member. Each finger 311 is sufficiently spaced from the conductive member 230 so that the switch end cap 200 is
When attached to zero, the finger 117 is actually located between the finger 311 and the conductive member 230.

Due to the elastic nature of the second portion 314 of each finger 311, the switch end cap 200
When attaching a, these fingers 311 can contact and bend inward or outward relative to body portion 150. Also, the first of the fingers 311
Is electrically connected to each PCB 290, so that the contact between the second end 314 and the body 150 completes the circuit of the switch mechanism 110 and activated the switch mechanism 110. Sometimes allowing current to flow through body portion 150 and second conductive finger element 310. In other words, each of the above PCB 29
0, the second conductive finger element 310 and the body portion 150 form and define a second current path.

The switch mechanism 110 can be considered as a mechanism including four switches each having a diode in series. More specifically,
First upright portion 2 of one switch / button member 270
82 corresponds to a first front switch, the second upright portion 284 of the one switch button member 270 corresponds to a first rear switch, and the other switch button member 2
The first upright portion 282 of 70 corresponds to a second front switch, and the second upright portion 284 of the other switch button 270 corresponds to a second rear switch. It will be appreciated that the front and rear switches described above have diodes in series with each other.
Preferably, each of the first front switch and the second front switch has the same diode orientation, and the first rear switch and the second rear switch have the same and opposite diode orientation. ing. The polarity of this diode depends on whether it is a component in the front switch or the rear switch. When the user presses one of the first upright portions 282, the corresponding first or second forward switch is activated by collapsing the associated PCB dome due to the force exerted by one of the first posts 276. I do. This causes current to flow through the handpiece 100 in the first direction. Also, when the user presses one of the second upright portions 284, the corresponding first or second rear switch will cause the associated PCB dome to collapse due to the force applied by one of the second posts 278. Operated by This allows current to pass through the handpiece 100 to a second
Flows in the direction of Therefore, in this embodiment, P
Four domes are formed as parts of the CB 290, and two domes are formed in each PCB 290.

The handpiece 100 can be designed such that the front switch comprises a maximum output switch with a front diode sending a signal for maximum power supply to the handpiece 100 for maximum vibration of the instrument 30. In this embodiment, the rear switch comprises a minimum output switch with a rear diode that sends a signal for minimum power to the handpiece 100 for minimum vibration of the instrument 30. Also, the generator is programmed to provide maximum output to the handpiece 100 when the generator senses or detects the current in the first direction by actuation of one of the front switches;
The generator is designed to provide minimal output to the handpiece 100 when sensing the current in the second direction. Also, if one of the front switch and one of the rear switches are accidentally pressed at the same time, the generator will be in the first position.
The current is continuously sensed in the direction and the second direction. Upon sensing a current in the opposite direction, the generator is programmed to shut off power to handpiece 100 until the condition is commutated. Preferably, an error or warning message also appears on the liquid crystal display 20.

Importantly, each finger 171 of the first conductive finger element 170 and each finger 311 of the second conductive finger element 310 do not contact each other during operation of the handpiece 100. Finger 171
Contact one of the fingers 311,
Since electric paths cross each other, an electric short circuit is likely to occur. Further, when an electrical short is present in the handpiece 100, the generator senses current in the first and second directions, thereby causing the generator to stop supplying power to the handpiece 100 and optionally Raises certain types of error or warning messages.

In another embodiment of the present invention, switch end cap 200 breaks the electrical connection formed between cable 22 and switch mechanism 110 housed in shell 201. And freely rotate around the handpiece body 150. One or more ridges 168 formed on the flange member 160 form an annular surface portion corresponding to the inner surface of the switch end cap 200 such that the switch end cap 200 It moves along when freely rotating around the tip 154. Advantageously, the switch end cap 200 and the body portion 150 are electrically connected by a rotatable first conductive finger element 170 and a second conductive finger element 310, respectively. Switch end
The cap 200 and the main body 150 are the handpiece 1
Rotate freely with respect to each other without interrupting the flow of current in 00. The second portions 174, 314 of each finger 171, 311 are sufficiently biased against the corresponding complementary conductive surface portions, respectively, so that these second portions 174, 314 It slides in a rotational direction along each conductive surface portion. Thus, switch end cap 200 rotates about body portion 150 to a desired position and continues to electrically communicate body portion 150 and the generator regardless of the position of switch end cap 200. Can be maintained. Because most blades 30 are asymmetric in nature, the surgeon may choose to change the position of each switch button member 270 relative to the instrument or blade 30 held in place within the handpiece 100. This is made possible by each finger element 170,310.

Each of the embodiments of the present invention described above provides a means for providing electrical communication between a switch and another electrical handpiece component without the need for undue wiring. Eliminate defects. This means that the switch end cap 200 may be used for cleaning and other purposes.
Can be easily separated from the main body portion 150. For example,
The above design allows for easy inspection of each member that provides electrical communication between the switch end cap 200 and the body portion 150. Therefore, the integrity of the first conductive finger elements 170 and the second conductive finger elements 310 can be checked at any time to ensure that they are maintained within their operating conditions.
Also, if it becomes necessary to replace or repair either the switch end cap 200 or the handpiece 150, the two parts can be quickly and easily separated and replaced or repaired. This also allows the surgical procedure to be continued in a manner that does not interfere.

Further, the switch end cap 200 described above places the two switch button members 270 approximately 180 ° apart from each other, thereby providing a preferred orientation, allowing the user (surgeon) to use the handpiece. It is ergonomically designed so that the user can easily touch both switch and button members 270 while the user 100 is gripped by the user. By arranging each of the switch button members 270 in two or more places, the user can easily and quickly operate one of the switch button members 270 closest to the activation finger. In other words, during typical manual operation of the switch end cap 200, the thumb and one or more other fingers are positioned approximately 180 ° apart from each other, which
The arrangement of the switch / button members 270 is compensated for and the stability is achieved. The 180 ° orientation allows the user to place one of the switch button members 270 in one of the switch button members 270 when the switch button members 270 are arranged in a large number of locations, for example, three.
There is also an operational advantage in that it becomes difficult to grip the surgical device 10 without the possibility of contacting and engaging the individual. That is, in the design of the present invention, the 180 ° orientation provides a constant gripping area for each switch / button member 270 that is not contacted by the user when the user is holding the device 10. Further, for example, finger portions 212 having opposed outer shapes are used.
Another design feature such as switch end cap 2
The switch end cap 200 is designed to provide a relatively good feel to the 00 and to allow the user to easily grip and rotate the switch end cap 200.

Accordingly, the present invention provides a surgical handpiece 100
And in the handpiece 100, the switch end cap 200 is maintained while maintaining the electrical connection.
The switch mechanism 110 of the switch end cap 200 is electrically connected to the handpiece body 150 in a manner that allows the camera to freely rotate about the handpiece body 150.

While the invention has been described as a freely rotatable system, it is within the scope of the invention that only the handpiece 100 is partially rotatable or non-rotatable. In such a case, multiple stop members or detents (not shown) are incorporated into the structure of the handpiece 100 and only the switch end cap 200 is partially with respect to the handpiece body portion 150. Can rotate. The degree of this rotation can therefore be selected by the method of manufacture and the stop members or detents arranged following it. In another embodiment, the detent is a switch end cap 200.
Can be formed to rotate incrementally in a ratchet-like manner. In addition, these detents are formed to provide this ratchet effect, to which complementary mating features are also formed. Also, the handpiece 100 can be designed such that rotation of the switch end cap 200 provides a specifiable rotation specified for the instrument 30. For example, when fixing to the horn 130, the device 30
The tool 30 can be designed so that the tool 30 always takes a fixed orientation state. For example, device 30 can assume a north-south (vertical) orientation. By using a detent or the like, the switch end cap 200 is initially set to a predetermined first
And the switch end cap 20
The rotation of the switch end cap 200
However, the rotation of the switch end cap 200 can be designated so as to rotate by a predetermined increment, for example, an increment of 90 °. This allows to provide the most preferred arrangement of the switch end cap 200 with the specified rotation system described above.

This patent application broadly discloses a method for rotating between the switch end cap 200 and the handpiece body portion 150, wherein a predetermined number of conductive paths are formed by mating electrical conductors. Think you will be understood. Each pair of these mating electrical conductors is designed to carry independent electrical signals.

In another embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 8,
The device of the present invention has a debris blocking connection between the handpiece body 150 and the switch end cap 200. In each of the embodiments already described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 8, the electrically conducting structure of these two engaging members in a manner allowing rotation between the two members. It is formed between them. In order to form an uninterrupted conductive structure that straddles these two members, it is desirable that these two conductive members are appropriately free of residues such as oxides and hard water precipitates. It is also desirable to eliminate the need for such clean contact conditions, as such clean contact conditions require proper cleaning and care.

One example of a method of providing an effective electrical conduction structure between the two conductive members is a sharp needle or pin contact member (eg, finger portions 174, 314) optionally spring loaded. ) Is to use. The sharp points at the ends of the contact member increase the contact force by a few pounds per square inch (PSI) to allow the permeation of the oxides and debris. These contact members may further include placing conductive grit material on the surface of the contact members such that the contact members have a rough grit-like appearance, or modifying the surface of the contact members. Depending on this, it may have a grit-like surface. By roughening the surface of these contact members or placing grit-like material on the surface, the contact members can scrape off any oxide residues or other debris relatively well. .
The rotation of the switch assembly wipes off this contact member,
Further, the contact integrity can be improved. Another method is to use a relatively high voltage (DC or AC) at every moment (or ongoing).
To the conductive fingers 171 and 311 to break any oxide barrier. This is particularly useful in the case of pointed fingers, as the electric field is higher when applied to a relatively confined space.
Yet another method is to use DC to evaluate the switch state.
The use of AC (alternating current) at a relatively high frequency instead of (direct current). Any oxides / residues present will themselves act as insulators, forming a capacitor straddled by the AC coupling member.

Next, another method is shown in FIG. In this embodiment, an insulator, generally indicated by the reference numeral 1005 in the form of a thin coating, is applied to the conductive members 1000, 1010 and the opposing member 1
020 and 1030 are formed. In an exemplary embodiment, the coating 1005 has a thickness of about 0.5 mm.
0001 inches (0.0003 cm) to about 0.002
It has a thickness of inches (0.005 cm). In addition,
Each of the above conductive members 1000, 1010, 1020, 10
It will be appreciated that 30 can comprise any number of types of conductive contact structures, including those already described herein with respect to FIGS. For example, these conductive members 1000, 1010, 1020, 103
O may comprise conductive rings, fingers, pins, etc. The conductive member 1000 is conductively engaged with the conductive member 1020, and the conductive member 1010 is
30 is engaged. In this exemplary embodiment, conductive members 1020, 1030 each include a conductive finger assembly similar to the assemblies described previously herein. An AC signal is used for the transmission of these switch states at a frequency high enough to consider the conductive members 1000, 1010 with a potentially insulating coating as the capacitive coupling to each switch. Exemplary frequencies are from about 1 KHz to about 200 KHz
It is. In other words, the conductive member 1010, the coating 1005, and the conductive member 1000 form a capacitor that allows coupling across the AC signal. It should be noted that the use of this AC signal is feasible without the presence of the coating 1005, and that in the event of mineralization / debris / oxide contamination, close metal contact is not necessary,
The signal allows for coupling.

In yet another embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2, handpiece 100 includes a mechanism for detecting when switch end cap 200 is attached to body portion 150, A mechanism for identifying whether the switch end cap 200 is attached to the main body 150 is also provided. The transmission of the switch state across these engagement-type conductive members has already been described in each of the above embodiments. For example, FIG. 2 illustrates a first engagement with conductive member 230.
Conductive finger element 170 and second conductive finger element 310 engaged against body portion 150
FIG. Although this is an example of a particular embodiment, it will be understood that the present invention broadly teaches how to transmit switch signals across the engagement portions of conductive members rotatable with respect to one another. .

The circuitry inside switch end cap 200 (eg, each PCB 290 in FIG. 6) is connected to electrically conductive members 230, 310 located within switch end cap 200. I have.
This circuit exhibits a constant impedance or conduction characteristic that can be measured at each conductive member. For example, to evaluate the conduction characteristics in both directions of current flow, a constant AC signal (eg, 2 KHz) is generated externally to each conductive member 23 of the switch end cap 200.
0,310. This makes it possible to measure non-linear and / or polarity dependent conduction and impedance characteristics. Bipolar signals offer certain additional advantages, as described below, but unipolar energy can also be implemented.

FIG. 9 shows an example of the detection circuit 1040. The detection circuit 1040 is formed by a transformer 1042, which has a signal supplied from a constant source 1049 to a primary winding 1041 of the transformer 1042. These signals have a predetermined pattern and shape, and in one example of an exemplary embodiment, each signal is a square or triangular pulse. The secondary winding 1043 of the transformer 1042 is connected to the switch end
It is connected to conductive members 1045 and 1047 in body portion 150 which are in electrical communication with each corresponding conductive member (not shown) of cap 200. It should be understood that these conductive members 1045, 1047 can have any number of types of conductive contact structures, including those already described herein with respect to FIGS. The transformer 1042 includes signal isolation means for patient safety. The magnitude of the pulse, which can be seen at test point TP1 (indicated by reference numeral 1044), is proportional to the electrical conductivity across each conductive member. These pulses are bipolar, with the amplitude of the positive pulse being proportional to conductivity in one direction and the amplitude of the negative pulse being proportional to conductivity in the opposite direction.

The signal at TP1 (1044) describes the amount of conductivity in each direction across each conductive member 1045, 1047. This output has both positive and negative pulses. The amplitude of the positive pulse describes the amount of conduction in one direction,
The amplitude of the negative pulse describes the amount of conduction in the opposite direction. The generator in the console 20 (FIG. 1) is TP1
(1044) is monitored, whereby each conductive member 1
The conduction state in each direction of the current flow across the 045 and 1047 can be determined. FIG. 10 (a) shows an embodiment of a circuit 1100 for use in switch end cap 200. Reference numeral 11 which forms a part of the switch mechanism 110 (FIG. 5)
The two switches, shown schematically at 10, 1120, are connected to their diodes 1130, 1140, respectively. These switches 1110 and 1120
Are connected to the cathodes of the diodes 1130 and 1140, respectively.
The other of 0 is connected to the anodes of its diodes 1130, 1140. Switch 1 for illustration purposes only
110 is connected to the anode of the diode 1130 and switch 1120 is connected to the diode 1130.
Description will be made assuming that the cathode is connected to the cathode 140. One of these switches 1110 and 1120 is the switch 1
It has a diode mounted opposite the other of 110 and 1120. This method uses two conductors to communicate the state of two switches 1110, 1120 across several rotatable sets of contact members (eg, each rotatable contact member shown in FIGS. 1-7). Enable. When the conventional circuit shown in FIGS. 9 to 10B is not used, three pairs of contact members are required to transmit the states of the two switches 1110 and 1120. By reducing the number of sets of contact members required to communicate the state of these switches, the switch mechanism is advantageous because it allows for a compact design to occupy relatively little space inside the handpiece. It is.

A constant AC signal is provided to each conductive member 1051, 1053 of the switch end cap 200. The amount of conduction detected in only one direction by a detection mechanism such as the detection circuit 1040 in FIG.
0, 1120 indicates that the switch 111 is being pressed, and the amount of conduction detected only in the opposite direction is the switch 111.
0, 1120 indicates that the other is being pressed.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 9, the square wave generator supplies a 9 volt peak-to-peak signal at about 2 kHz to the primary winding 1041 and the transformer 1042.
The resistor 1061 is connected to the primary winding 1041 as a means for measuring the current flowing through the transformer 1042 and the voltage across the transformer 1042.
Are provided in series. This voltage is TP1 (104
Monitored in 4).

Each conductive member 1045, 1047 does not have any conductive ability to span them (ie, none of the switches in the switch end cap are closed and straddles these members 1045, 1047). TP1 signal has a relatively large peak positive voltage of about +9 volts and a relatively large peak negative voltage of about -9 volts.
This peak voltage decreases with the magnitude of the amount of conduction sensed, and the polarity of the conduction affects the peak of the particular associated polarity and has substantially no effect on the opposite polarity peak.

The open / closed state of the switch 1110 is represented by the magnitude of the peak voltage of one polarity. This magnitude is relatively high when the switch is open, for example, about 9 volts. The size of the switch 11
If 0 is closed, it is relatively low, for example, about 3 volts. The same embodiment can be applied to the switch 1120 except that the polarity opposite to the above influences. Circuit 1100 uses three or more conductive members, as would be required in conventional forms of circuit monitors,
A means for monitoring the state of the two independent switches 1110 and 1120 together with only the two conductive members 1051 and 1053 is provided. This reduction in conductive members also allows the handpiece to be made more reliable.

The debris that straddles the conductive members 1045 and 1047 becomes conductive in both directions, and this condition can be easily detected by the circuit 1040 and used to determine that debris is present. it can. If conduction is seen in both directions, both the positive and negative peaks drop to an intermediate or lower magnitude. The above TP1 (1
044) (a console 2 in FIG. 1)
0) detects the presence of conduction in both directions and recognizes such simultaneous conduction in both directions as an invalid input. This disables activation of the handpiece and / or alerts the user to an adverse condition. Accordingly, the circuit includes means for preventing accidental activation by saline or blood, etc., straddling the conductive members 1045, 1047.

The circuit 1040 also has another function of detecting the presence of a fluid in the handpiece.
That is, such a fluid bridges the switch circuit in the handpiece and generally produces bipolar conduction across each trace. This effect is similar for conductive fluids straddling conductive members 1045, 1047, which can be detected by the generator, disabling activation or alerting the user. Thus, it is useful to use circuit 1040 to detect the presence of fluid in the handpiece independent of the switch circuit.

The circuit of FIG. 10 (a) is a locker on one side of the handpiece and a pair of switches 1110,
1120 is operated. The same circuit 1100 'can cause another pair of switches 1110', 1120 'located at different locations on the handpiece to act as rockers located 180 ° apart. Such a circuit 1100 'is shown in FIG. This figure 1
0 (b) are connected in parallel with each other, and FIG.
2 shows two circuits 1100 that can transmit the states of four buttons along two wires by the circuit design of FIG. More specifically, the two conductive members 1051, 1051 '
Are electrically connected in parallel, and the two conductive members 1053 and 1053 'are also electrically connected in parallel in the same manner. Thus, each of the switches 1110, 1
Any one of 110 ', 1120, 1120' can be monitored by the same detection circuit 1040 shown in FIG. 9 or any other suitable detection design.

Another additional advantage of the circuit 1040 is the ability to ignore accidental activation of switches of the opposite function, such as maximum on one side and minimum on the other side. The generator in console 20 (FIG. 1) considers this input invalid information, since pressing the portion of the switch associated with each of the maximum and minimum functions causes a two-way conduction. This increases the safety of operation.

Another advantage of the embodiment of FIG. 10A is the ability of the circuit 1100 to detect resistive shorts caused by debris / fluid straddling each conductive member 1051, 1053, the conduction of which is bi-directional. Therefore, the detection circuit 10
40 (FIG. 9). The amount of conductive debris artifact can be measured when none of the switches 1110, 1120 is pressed, or when only one of these switches 1110, 1120 is pressed. Circuit 1100 Circuit 1100
Is a modification of both switches 111 as shown in FIG.
0, 1120 and resistors 1160, 116
One is to use one diode 1150 which is connected to each switch 1110, 1120 via one. The detection circuit 1040 detects conduction in only one direction when one of the switches 1110 and 1120 is pressed,
The degree of conduction is determined by the resistance value. In one example of an exemplary embodiment, resistor 1161 has a resistance of 0Ω and resistor 1160 has a resistance between about 100Ω and 100Ω.
It has a resistance value of 0Ω. This method has the advantage that there is no conduction in the opposite direction except when debris is present. Therefore, the amount of artifacts due to debris can always be detected even when both switches are pressed. The resistance of this debris can be used to recalculate the actual resistance connected by the closed switch, thus improving the ability to identify which switch 1110, 1120 is being pressed regardless of the debris it can.

In another embodiment shown in FIG. 12, a resistor 1170 is added across switches 1110 and 1120. By adding this resistor 1170,
In particular, the amount of conduction in a single direction when each switch 1110, 1120 is open can be measured and compared to the expected resistance in that direction, so that the series contact resistance of the conductive member can be determined. In one example of an exemplary embodiment, resistor 1170 has a resistance of 2 KΩ, resistor 1061 has a resistance of 0 Ω,
Reference numeral 60 has a resistance of about 100Ω to 1000Ω. Combining this data with data related to conduction in the opposite direction (debris) allows an accurate evaluation of the contact state.

According to an example of the embodiment, the same two conductive members 1051,
1053 can be used to detect the presence and type of the switch end cap 200 attached to the handpiece body 150. One example of this method shown in FIG. 13 is a method of connecting a resistor 1180 across the conductive members 1051 and 1053 of the switch end cap 200 in the case of the switch end cap 200 including one or more switches. This resistor 1180 is about 500Ω
It may have a resistance of about 5000 Ω to about 5000 Ω. The presence of this resistor 1180 is due to the switch-type end cap 2
00 can be measured to detect the presence of 00. If the non-switch type end cap 200 has no resistor (or only a resistor having a different resistance value), the resistance of the conductive members 1051 and 1053 may be, for example,
Extremely high, such as about 1 MΩ (or a different resistance value),
A non-switched end cap 200 is shown attached.

Accordingly, a specific resistance value can be used according to the type of the switch type end cap 200 in order to further identify and identify various types of each adapter. One of the limitations of this type of resistance method is that the linear resistance of the debris on each conductive member 1051, 1053 can affect the measurement results. That is, this leads to incorrect identification or, at least, to unexpected resistance. One example of a method for dealing with such debris-induced errors in the resistance measurement of the switch end cap 200 is shown in FIG. In this embodiment, the condenser 1
Reference numeral 200 is disposed across each conductive member of the switch end cap 200. A properly selected capacitor 1200 has a constant high impedance at the nominal frequency (e.g., 2 KHz) used during the switch interrogation operation, but is proportional to that frequency when higher frequencies are applied. Resulting in a constant low impedance. Accordingly, various capacitor values (or capacitors in series with resistors) can be selected to identify a particular type of switch end cap 200. The impedance due to the debris depends on the resistance, and the impedance due to the capacitor depends on the frequency. Therefore, the above detection circuit 1040 (FIG. 9) measures the resistance due to debris at relatively low frequencies,
Furthermore, the combined impedance can be measured at relatively high frequencies. Therefore, preparations can be made for identification regardless of the debris.

FIG. 15 shows a similar method. In this embodiment, a resistor 1210 is used in series with inductor 1220 (or using an inductor with a high internal resistance that acts as a resistor). At relatively low frequencies, this inductor 12
Since 20 has a relatively low impedance, the above-described resistor is disposed across the conductive members 1051 and 1053. Also, at relatively high frequencies, the conduction in the resistor is relatively blocked and each conductive member 105
Debris straddling 1,1053 can be measured. Thus, the resistance of the debris can be taken into account, and the debris cannot easily disturb the method of identification by this resistor.

As shown in FIG. 16, to address the artifact involvement of debris resistance, a resistor 1230 is placed in series with the diode 1100, which conducts in only one direction. It has become. This allows the detection means to determine the resistance of the debris at one direction of current and the resistance of the combination of debris and identification resistor at another direction of current. As shown in FIG. 17, instead of using a diode in series with the resistor, resistor 1230 can be replaced with a Zener diode 1240 several volts below the peak applied voltage. This zener diode 1240 is out of the circuit in one direction and conducts in the opposite direction at the avalanche voltage, and this phenomenon is detectable. Another method, as shown in FIG. 18, is to use a back-to-back Zener diode or transorb device 1250 connected across each conductor 1051, 1053. This device 1250 conducts current in both directions when the voltage has reached the avalanche level. This method is useful when space constraints are tight and a single component needs to perform multiple functions, such as electrostatic discharge protection and identification of the switch end cap 200. Yet another variation, shown in FIG. 19, is to use a back-to-back Zener diode 1250 as each diode used by each switch 1110,1120. This further reduces parts count. In this embodiment, the above Zener
Device 1250 is a switch end cap 200
Identification, switch conduction control, and electrostatic discharge protection. 20 and 21 illustrate alternative circuit structures for using diode 1260 or zener diode 1270 to form and identify switch conduction levels, respectively.

In another embodiment, fluid / debris detection that would otherwise be undetectable is enabled. The use of the above circuit allows for the detection of fluid / debris bridging switch contacts or other areas on the circuit board, slip rings and the like. This is made possible by monitoring the level of each signal. This detection of fluid / debris can be used to alert the user of the condition and / or to lock out use of the handpiece 100. Some reasons for such detection, warning and / or lockout include avoiding use of the contaminated handpiece 100, handpiece 1 in dangerous electrical / mechanical conditions.
00, and prevention of use when the handpiece 100 is excessively used and is currently in a fatigue state, but is not limited thereto.

In many switch devices, including the devices started here, each positive or negative peak in the switch signal indicates the open or closed state of each switch. If a fluid / debris enters the handpiece 100 and is present on the switch, its conduction becomes resistive. For example, during a cleaning (eg, autoclave) process, moisture may enter and eventually condense as distilled water in the handpiece 100. Such resistive conduction results in a signal between the switch open signal and the switch closed signal. The signals in this "in between" area are detectable and can be used to inform the user of the intrusion of fluid / debris, or these signals can be Can be used to prevent use.

While the above circuit is suitable for use, alternative conduction detection circuits can be used in accordance with this embodiment. The central point of this embodiment is to detect unexpected resistive conduction across each circuit and each switch, which indicates a high likelihood of fluid / debris penetration into the unwanted area. . Placing the exposed conductor in a selected area, including on the printed circuit board or elsewhere in the handpiece 100, is not limited to the location of the switch of the handpiece 100 as well as the fluid at other locations within the handpiece. It can act as detecting means for detection.

As shown schematically in FIG. 22, the function of detecting intrusion of fluid / debris is performed by two conductive members 1310,
This can be further enhanced by placing reactive material 1300 close to 1320. In this embodiment, each component 1300, 1310, 1320 forms a sensor 1340 for detecting intrusion of fluid / debris. The reactive material 1300 has low electrical conductivity when dry, but facilitates conduction when wet or exposed to other chemical reactions. For example, 1300 salt crystals
It can be placed between two opposing and spaced wires 1310, 1320. Originally, salt crystals 1300 are not conductive, but they are reactive, and moisture makes these crystals 1300 conductive. This reactive material 13
00 may be located on each surface of conductive members 1310, 1320, or on a bridge (not shown) that may extend between them. In addition, the reactive material 1300 can be positioned to form a bridge between the conductive materials 1310, 1320. Such conductivity facilitated upon wetting is useful in detecting fluids having relatively low conductivity, such as water vapor condensates. Thus, in this embodiment, sensor 1340 detects fluid / water vapor intrusion. In the illustrated embodiment, sensor 1340 is formed by exposed conductive members 1310, 1320 (eg, wire or switch contact members) that are monitored by electronic circuitry as described above.
Therefore, this sensor 1340 can be incorporated into the switch contact circuit described above.

In addition to detecting fluid induced conduction between switch contact members, other sensors and wire gaps may be used to detect fluid intrusion elsewhere in handpiece 100. it can. In other words, the sensor 1340 can be separate from the switch circuit described above and provided elsewhere in the handpiece 100. In this case, sensor 1340 can be used as the same circuit used by the switch by simply connecting sensor 1340 to the same contact member as the switch. Alternatively, the sensor 1340 may simply be connected to a controller (e.g., the same as the controller connected to the detection circuit described above), which controller may be generated by the sensor 1340 including information on the presence of fluid / debris by the sensor 1340. The signal can be detected.

The identity of the various switch assemblies (ie, of different models or types or functions) attached to the handpiece body portion 150 is such that each variation represents one particular type of switch assembly. The determination can be made by using the modified example of each circuit described above. For example,
A resistor can be placed across the variable switches for the "type 1" switch assembly and the "type 2" switch assembly, but instead, this resistor Place it across the “full” switch. As a result, a negative peak is affected corresponding to type 1 and a positive peak is affected corresponding to type 2. The conduction detection circuit 1040 (FIG. 9) described above determines which peak is affected by the resistor, thereby determining the type of switch assembly. In addition, various resistor values across one switch are available for recognition purposes,
This results in different peak voltages, each peak voltage value representing a particular type of switch assembly.

Each conductive member 105 in the switch assembly
When using a condenser across 1,1053,
The value corresponding to each capacitor is changed so that each switch assembly has a different capacitor value. By sweeping / changing the frequency used by detection circuit 1040 (FIG. 9), detection circuit 1040 can determine the value of the capacitor and conclude the type of switch assembly installed. Other methods include placing a zener diode across a type 1 identification variable switch, and placing a zener diode across a type 2 identification full switch. It should be understood that the embodiments described herein can be further applied to other types of devices in which each switch controls other functions of controlling variable and full-wave ultrasound medical devices. Think.

The incorporation of the switch button member 270 described above into the handpiece 100 provides a convenient way to operate the handpiece 100. However,
There are situations where it is preferable to disable these switch / button members 270. For example, when the handpiece 100 is strongly grasped from above the button member 270, it is activated by a foot pedal instead. Another example is when the handpiece 100 is placed on a contoured surface portion that can act to press the button member 270 when not in use. Such a button member 270 can be disabled by the "standby" mode of the generator.

Another method of disabling button member 270 is a disable switch (not shown) located remotely from handpiece 100 including a switch on the front panel of the generator console.
It is a method by. In addition, the generator can be in standby mode to disable the finger switch and foot pedal. Console front
The disabling of the button member 270 by the panel can be a laborious process due to the fact that the handpiece 100 is in a sterile state and the console is not in a sterile state. Performing the disable function in is not practical. Thus, this type of disable operation requires exposing the user to a non-sterile environment. This violates many treatment guidelines.

Further, another way to disable button member 270 is to place another switch (not shown) on handpiece 100 that acts as a disable function. However, the additional switches in handpiece 100 take up space and increase cost and complexity.

According to the embodiments disclosed herein, a detection circuit is incorporated into the handpiece system so that the button member 270 of the handpiece is continuously monitored by a single detection circuit. ing. However, the system can be configured to disable the ability of the button member 270 to activate the output of the console. In other words,
The user can disable the button member 270 under certain conditions. One example of a method for accomplishing this is to disable the button member 270 with the button member 270 present on the handpiece 100. For example, a unique switch operation sequence can be used, and when a user presses one or more of the button members 270 according to the unique switch operation sequence, these button members 270 are disabled. It is understood that it is necessary to ensure that the unique switch operation sequence described above is not an expected sequence during use of the operation of the handpiece 100 such that the handpiece 100 is unintentionally disabled. Think. Similarly, it is necessary that the above sequence not be the sequence typically found during random handling of a handpiece.

Further, the above-mentioned system is provided with the above button member 2.
Simply pressing one or more of the buttons 70 or button members 27
It is also possible to configure so that one or more of zeros can be reactivated by pressing them according to a predetermined reactivation pattern.

One embodiment of the above-described operation sequence includes two button members 2 such as two rocker switches, for example.
Utilizes the fact that 70 exists. Each rocker button member 270 has two upright portions 282, 28
4, one activation mode (eg, full operation) is represented by one of these upright portions 282, 284, and the other activation mode (eg, variable operation) is upright portion 282, 284. Is represented by the other of In this embodiment, each rocker button member 270 is made of a hard material, each pivoting about a point, thereby preventing its ends from being pushed simultaneously. If the user accidentally depresses one activation mode on one button member 270 and simultaneously depresses another activation mode on another button member 270, the handpiece 100 is disabled. In this case, the opposite activation mode in each opposing switch is simultaneous (ie, within 0.3 seconds of each other)
And is kept pressed for a predetermined time.
These opposite activation modes are immediately followed (ie,
Release within 0.3 seconds after 0.3 seconds to 0.6 seconds after each other). The monitoring circuit detects this particular sequence (the opposite activation mode in each of the opposing switches that are released simultaneously and then substantially simultaneously after being held simultaneously pressed) and activated by each button member 270. Disables the execution of the activation, or sets the generator to standby mode.

In the above exemplary embodiment, the user re-enables each button member 270 by using the generator front panel or by rapidly changing (or reversing) the finger press change; Alternatively, the generator can be released from the standby state.

In another example of the sequence, the button member 270 is disabled or reactivated by a sequenced pressing method of a single switch according to a predetermined sequence pattern. For example, the handpiece 100 can be disabled (reactivated) by quickly changing to one mode, the other mode, and then to the one mode. In other words, if the user presses the full activation mode on the same button member 270, then presses the variable activation mode, and finally presses the full activation mode again, the monitor circuit will detect this sequenced operation. Handpiece 100
Is disabled (reactivated). The sequence may be reversed (i.e., variable-complete-variable) so that the monitor circuit disables (reactivates) upon detecting a sequenced actuation of the user, or It will be appreciated that another sequence can be programmed. Each pressing process is only for a certain short time (for example, one second). In this case as well, the user can control each button member 27 either by controlling the front panel of the generator or by repeatedly changing (or reversing) the rapid pressing of the switch by a finger.
It is possible to re-enable 0 or take the generator out of standby.

Although the rocker switch disclosed herein has two separate uprights (representing two activation modes), the method of disabling is described on one side. It will be understood that the invention is equally applicable in a handpiece configuration having a separate switch on the opposite side and a separate switch on the opposite side.

In another embodiment, the button member 270
Is an elastic locker whose one end or the other end is pressed. For example, the button member 270 is pressed at either the first upright portion 282 or the second upright portion 284. Unlike the rigid rocker switch described above, the elastic nature of the rocker button member 270 allows both ends of the button member 270 to be pressed simultaneously. Both ends of button member 270 (e.g., raised portions 282, 284) are pressed simultaneously to cause a disable / enable operation. Therefore, by pressing both ends of one button member 270 at the same time, a disabled state is generated, and the handpiece 100 is disabled. In addition, the switch 270 can be re-enabled by pressing its ends sequentially and simultaneously. Also, when only one end of the rocker-type button member 270 is pressed at a time, the rocker has a fairly light contact action, but this rocker pushes both ends simultaneously to close the switch contact member. Can be designed to require even higher pressure. Thus, the special function provided by pressing both ends simultaneously requires substantially higher pressure than light pressure for normal use. Since such a relatively high pressure operation has a clear advantage of being less likely to be accidentally started, the series of switch pressing operations described in the above embodiments can be eliminated.

Further, any of the above-described exemplary disabling techniques are typically selected to perform other functions that would otherwise be accessible only on the front panel of the console. It will be understood that it can be used for the purpose. Button member 2 above
Other functions that can be performed by the 70 include performing self-tests without the handpiece user touching the front panel, changing control settings, or other front-end operations.
This includes, but is not limited to, changing panel settings.

Further, the handpiece 100 described in FIGS. 1 through 7 is merely an exemplary device, and the above-described circuitry and detection means may be incorporated by reference herein on October 20, 2000, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Commonly assigned “Conductive Finger Adap Holding Method to Reduce the Number of Conductors”
No. 09 / 693,549, entitled "Tor Retention to Reduce Number of Conductors".
In other handpieces such as those disclosed in US Pat.
A surgical system as disclosed in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09 / 693,621, entitled "Ultrasonic Surgical System," filed Jan. 20, and commonly assigned. It is understood that it is preferred to be used in

While the present invention has been specifically shown and described with respect to preferred embodiments thereof, those skilled in the art will recognize that various changes in the above-described forms and detailed portions may be made within the scope and spirit of the present invention. It is understood that this can be done without deviating.

The embodiments of the present invention are as follows. (1) The detection circuit according to claim 1, wherein the device is a resistor. (2) the detection circuit has a switch function,
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the presence and type of the end cap are detected.
4. The detection circuit according to 1. (3) The detection circuit according to claim 1, wherein the supply source generates one of a square wave and a triangular pulse wave. (4) The detection circuit according to claim 1, wherein the transformer is provided with electrical insulation to ensure patient safety. (5) The detection circuit according to claim 1, wherein the magnitude of the pulse at the test point is proportional to the electrical conductivity across the plurality of conductive members.

(6) The pulse is bipolar and has a positive amplitude proportional to the electrical conductivity in one direction of the secondary winding and is proportional to the electrical conductivity in the other direction of the secondary winding. The detection circuit according to embodiment (5), having a negative amplitude. (7) The detection circuit according to claim 1, wherein the signal at the test point is conducted in each direction across the plurality of conductive members. (8) The apparatus further comprises a plurality of conductive members connected to the plurality of diodes and the plurality of switches, wherein each of the plurality of conductive members corresponds to a plurality of corresponding conductive members of the switch end cap. The detection circuit according to claim 2, wherein the detection circuits communicate with each other. (9) The detection circuit according to claim 2, wherein two circuits are connected in parallel so that state information of a large number of buttons in the handpiece can be obtained. (10) The detection circuit according to the embodiment (9), wherein status information of four buttons is obtained.

(11) The detection circuit according to the mode (10), wherein two detection circuits are connected in parallel, and two conductive members are connected in parallel. (12) The detection circuit according to the embodiment (8), further including a resistor connected in parallel to the plurality of conductive members. (13) The detection circuit according to the embodiment (8), further comprising a resistor and a device connected in series to the resistor. (14) The detection circuit according to the embodiment (13), wherein the resistor and the device are connected in parallel to the plurality of conductive members. (15) The detection circuit according to embodiment (14), wherein the device is one of a capacitor and an inductor.

(16) An embodiment further comprising a device connected in series to one of said plurality of diodes, wherein the resistance of the debris is determined in a unidirectional current. The detection circuit according to 8). (17) The detection circuit according to embodiment (16), wherein the device is one of a resistor and a Zener diode. (18) The detection circuit according to the embodiment (8), further including a transorb connected in parallel to the plurality of conductive members. (19) The detection circuit according to the embodiment (18), wherein the transorb includes a Zener diode connected in a back-to-back configuration. (20) The detection circuit according to the mode (8), further comprising a sensor in close proximity to the plurality of conductive members. (21) The detection circuit according to embodiment (20), wherein the sensor includes a reactive material. (22) The detection circuit of embodiment (21), wherein the reactive material facilitates conduction at a constant low electrical conductivity when dry and at least one of when wet and when exposed to a chemical reaction.

[0100]

As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a detection circuit capable of quickly and easily detecting the state of a switch related to the operation of the device, and an improved surgical device including the same.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a console for an ultrasonic surgical cutting and hemostasis system, and a handpiece and a foot switch according to an exemplary embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a partial perspective view of an exemplary handpiece and switch end cap.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view along a longitudinal direction of the handpiece.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along a longitudinal direction of the switch end cap.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the handpiece and the switch end cap taken along section line 5-5 of FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the switch end cap in a portion where the outer surface has been broken.

FIG. 7 is a partial enlarged cross-sectional view showing the electrical connection between the switch end cap and the handpiece body portion along line 7-7 of FIG. 4;

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of one exemplary method of electrically connecting conductive members employing a capacitive coupling arrangement between opposing conductive members.

FIG. 9 shows one for use in a handpiece assembly.
FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of three exemplary detection circuits.

FIG. 10 is a circuit diagram illustrating various embodiments of a circuit for use in a switch end cap according to an example embodiment.

FIG. 11 is a circuit diagram illustrating various embodiments of a circuit for use in a switch end cap according to an example embodiment.

FIG. 12 is a circuit diagram illustrating various embodiments of a circuit for use in a switch end cap according to an example embodiment.

FIG. 13 is a circuit diagram illustrating various embodiments of a circuit for use in a switch end cap according to an example embodiment.

FIG. 14 is a circuit diagram illustrating various embodiments of a circuit for use in a switch end cap according to an example embodiment.

FIG. 15 is a circuit diagram illustrating various embodiments of a circuit for use in a switch end cap according to an example embodiment.

FIG. 16 is a circuit diagram illustrating various embodiments of a circuit for use in a switch end cap according to an example embodiment.

FIG. 17 is a circuit diagram illustrating various embodiments of a circuit for use in a switch end cap according to an example embodiment.

FIG. 18 is a circuit diagram illustrating various embodiments of a circuit for use in a switch end cap according to an example embodiment.

FIG. 19 is a circuit diagram illustrating various embodiments of a circuit for use in a switch end cap according to an example embodiment.

FIG. 20 is a circuit diagram illustrating various embodiments of a circuit for use in a switch end cap according to an example embodiment.

FIG. 21 is a circuit diagram illustrating various embodiments of a circuit for use in a switch end cap according to an example embodiment.

FIG. 22 is a cross-sectional view of a sensor used to detect fluid / debris in a handpiece.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Ultrasonic surgical system 20 Console 22 First cable 24 Liquid crystal display device 30 Surgical instrument (blade) 40 Foot switch 50 Second cable 100 Handpiece 110 Switch mechanism 150 Handpiece main body 160 Flange member 200 Switch end cap

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on front page F-term (reference) 4C060 JJ25

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A detection circuit, comprising: a transformer operably connected in parallel to a primary source, the transformer having a primary winding and a secondary winding; A source for providing a drive signal to the primary winding of the transformer, and operably coupled to the primary winding of the transformer to measure current passing through the transformer A plurality of conductive members connected to a secondary winding of the transformer; and a test point connected to a primary winding of the transformer; A detection circuit in which each of the conductive members is in communication with a corresponding plurality of conductive members in the switch end cap. 2. A detection circuit for a switch end cap of a handpiece, comprising: a plurality of switches connected in parallel; and a plurality of diodes connected in series to each of the plurality of switches. A detection circuit, wherein the diodes are connected with opposite polarities and the circuit detects the presence of excess debris associated with the handpiece.