JP2002329624A - Device and method for calculating distribution of magnetization - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a distribution-of-magnetization calculating device that can calculate the waveform of a magnetizing current flowing to a magnetizer required for calculating the distribution of magnetization in a magnet. SOLUTION: This distribution-of-magnetization calculating device calculates the distribution of magnetization in a magnetic material when the material is magnetized by impressing a magnetic field upon the material by means of the magnetizer. The device is provided with a magnetizing current waveform calculating means which calculates the waveform of the magnetizing current flowing to the magnetizer. The calculating means is provided with a setting means which sets the inherent parameter of the magnetizer, a computing means which computes the parameter corresponding to a system containing the magnetizer and magnetic material based on the inherent parameter set by means of the setting means and the characteristics of the magnetic material, and a calculating means which calculates the waveform of the magnetizing current flowing to the magnetizer based on the inherent parameter and the parameter matching with the system. The calculating device calculates the distribution of magnetization based on the waveform of the magnetizing current calculated by means of the magnetizing current waveform calculating means.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for calculating a magnetization distribution when a magnetic field is applied to a magnetic body to perform magnetization by numerical calculation.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, many attempts have been made to simulate the hysteresis phenomenon of magnets by numerical analysis for designing devices such as magnetic recording and electromagnetic actuators. In particular, the VMSW method is one of the methods for obtaining the magnetization distribution in a magnet when a strong magnetic field is applied to a hard magnetic material to perform magnetization.

[0003] In this method, an SW model (Stoner and Wa) representing the magnetization rotation behavior of uniaxially anisotropic crystal grains is used.
hlfarth model), which is based on a method of expressing the hysteresis characteristics as a set, and is a method modified to make each magnetization variable. The specific contents of this method are described in "Mori: A new static magnetic field analysis method for anisotropic materials and its verification by magnetization vector measurement,
Stationary / Rotating Machine Joint Study Group SA-91-6, RM-91
-15, pp51-60 (1991) "and" Mori: A new static magnetic field analysis method for anisotropic materials II, IEEJ Technical Meeting, Static Device / Rotating Machine Joint Study SA-91-2
5, RM-91-88, pp97-106 (199
1) ", wherein the permanent magnet is magnetized,
Analysis of the demagnetization process has been performed.

[0004] In addition, "M. Enokizono et.
al. : Magnetic Field Analysis
sis of Anisotropic Perman
ent Magnet Problems by Fi
Nite ElementMethod, IEEE T
rans. Magn. MAG-33, No. 2, p
pp. 1612-1615 (1997) "," Enozono, Tsuzaki: Magnetic Field Analysis on Anisotropic Permanent Magnet Problem, Magnetics Research Group MAG-96-25, Materials of the Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan.
1, pp21-30 (1996) "also reports the results of calculations of magnet magnetization and demagnetization processes using the VMSW method.

However, any of the above techniques,
In order to determine the magnetization distribution, it was necessary to newly develop a dedicated magnetic field analysis solver (apparatus) using the VMSW method, and the load was large. Further, a magnetizing current waveform is required as input data, and therefore a measurement is required in advance.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and it is an object of the present invention to make it possible to calculate a magnetizing current waveform of a magnetizer necessary for calculating a magnet magnetization distribution. It is an object to provide a distribution calculation processing device.

[0007]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, for example, a magnetization distribution calculation processing device of the present invention has the following configuration. That is, a magnetization distribution calculation device that calculates a magnetization distribution in a magnetic material when a magnetic field is applied to the magnetic material by the magnetizer and magnetizes the magnetic material. Means, and the magnetizing current waveform calculating means comprises: setting means for setting a unique parameter of the magnetizer; and the magnetizer and the magnetic material based on the set unique parameter and characteristics of the magnetic material. Calculating means for calculating a parameter corresponding to a system including a magnetic material, and calculating means for calculating a waveform of a current flowing through a magnetizer based on the unique parameter and a parameter corresponding to the system, The magnetization distribution is calculated based on the current waveform calculated by the current waveform calculation means.

[0008]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0009]

Embodiment 1 FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a magnetization distribution calculating device according to an embodiment of the present invention. A central processing unit (CPU) 101 for controlling the entire operation is connected via a bus 106 to a display device 102 for displaying analysis results and the like, and an input device 103 for inputting by an analyst.
Similarly, via the bus, a magnetization calculation program is stored, and various information during the control operation is stored and read out. The memory 104 stores data that cannot be stored in the system, and an external storage that stores data even after the system is terminated. Storage device 1
05 is connected.

As shown in FIG. 1, the program for calculating the magnetization distribution includes a magnetizing current waveform calculator, a complete magnetizing curve estimator,
It is composed of five sections: an initial magnetization process calculation section, a remanence magnetization calculation section, and a demagnetization process calculation section. As shown in FIG. 1, the data to be used include, as characteristics of the magnet, 1) initial magnetization curve, 2) minimum magnetic field H _b in the reversible magnetization rotation region, 3) residual magnetization M _r ,
4) χ _rec , 5) There are five magnet conductivities, and as data indicating the configuration of the magnetizer, 1) a divided model of the magnetizer, 2) the BH characteristic and conductivity of the magnetized yoke, and 3) the coil Number of turns, 4) coil resistance, 5) capacitor capacity,
6) There are six peak values of the magnetizing current.

In the following, each of the five calculation units for calculating the magnetization distribution of the magnet using data indicating the characteristics of the magnet and the configuration of the magnetizer will be described in detail.

1. Magnetizing Current Waveform Calculator The magnetizing current waveform calculator is a processing means for obtaining a current waveform (magnetizing current waveform) of a magnetizer when magnetizing a magnet based on data on the configuration of the magnetizer. The basic formula used in the magnetizing current waveform calculator and the processing flow will be described.

The power supply circuit of the magnetizer has an L as shown in FIG.
It is expressed as a CR circuit, and the magnetization is a capacitance C having a charge Q.
Is discharged through a coil having a resistance R and an inductance L. The equation (basic equation) of the power supply circuit at this time is as shown in equation (1-1).

[0014]

(Equation 1) This differential equation is divided into the following three cases according to R and 2√ (L / C).

[0015]

(Equation 2)

[0016]

(Equation 3)

[0017]

(Equation 4) In the above equation, the inductance L of the magnetizer is actually
Varies depending on the degree of magnetization saturation of the magnetizer, but here is treated as a constant (a value when a constant current specified by the user is passed).

FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a procedure for calculating a magnetizing current waveform by using the basic formulas (1-2) to (1-4). The contents will be described below.

In step S301, data of the magnetizer main body and data of the power supply circuit are read into the memory as data indicating the configuration and the like of the magnetizer. More specifically, the magnetizer split model for the magnetizer main body, the BH characteristics and conductivity of the magnetizing yoke, the number of turns of the coil, and the standard of the magnetizing current (constant value)
And the resistance R of the coil, the capacitance C of the capacitor, and the peak value I of the magnetizing current for the power supply circuit.

In step S302, step S301
The magnetic field calculation is performed by the finite element method based on the data of the magnetized main body read in the step (1), and the inductance L of the magnetized body is calculated. As a guide of the magnetizing current, a weak current that does not allow the magnetized yoke to reach the saturation region may be used.

In step S303, an initial value of the voltage V at both terminals of the capacitor of the power supply circuit is set. This initial value is 1
V.

In step S304, step S301
The charge amount Q of the capacitor of the power supply circuit is obtained from the capacitance C of the capacitor of the power supply circuit read in step S303 and the value of both terminal voltages V of the capacitor of the power supply circuit set in step S303.

In step S305, the magnetizing current waveform is
It is determined by the above equations (1-2) to (1-4).

In step S306, in step S305
The peak value of the magnetizing current waveform _peakSet as
I do.

In step S307, step S306
The in set J _peak, compared with the peak value of the user specified magnetizing current (peak value I read magnetizing current in step S301). If they sufficiently match, step S3
The magnetizing current waveform obtained in step 06 is used as the final result (step S307).

On the other hand, in step S308, J _peak is
If the peak value does not match the peak value of the magnetizing current specified by the user, the voltage V at both terminals of the capacitor of the power supply circuit is changed (step S308), and the process is repeated until the peak voltage matches.

Here, the finite element method is used for calculating the inductance L of the magnetizer in step S302.
Other methods such as a boundary element method, an integration method, and a difference method may be used.

2. Complete Magnetization Curve Estimation Unit The perfect magnetization curve estimation unit obtains a magnetization curve (a curve indicating the state of the magnetization M when the magnet is magnetized by applying the magnetic field H) to the magnetization distribution. In the measurement of the magnetization curve (BH curve), when a sufficient magnetic field (high magnetic field) is not applied until the saturation magnetization is reached, extrapolation of the already measured magnet magnetization curve (low magnetic field magnetization curve) Processing means for estimating up to the completely magnetized portion.

The flow of the process will be described after showing the method and the validity of the method.

1) Method of estimating the fully magnetized portion In estimating the completely magnetized portion, the BH curve is calculated by the following St.
This is performed as represented by the oner-Wohlfarth equation. Here, _HA is the anisotropic magnetic field of the magnet. The method will be described below.

[0031]

(Equation 5) To introduce the Stoner-Wohlfarth equation, first, the saturation magnetization _Ms is required. Here, it is determined by one of the following two methods.

A. Assuming isotropic magnet, twice the simple residual magnetization M _r. b. As shown in FIG. 4, the initial magnetization curve (FIG.
/ H ² extrapolation (approximate the complete magnetization curve with a quadratic curve) (FIG. 7B).

Here, FIG. 4A shows a magnetization curve when the magnetic field H is plotted on the horizontal axis and the magnetization M is plotted on the vertical axis, and FIG.
Is the 1 / ^{H 2} in the horizontal axis, the vertical axis represents the magnetization M, FIGS. 4 (a)
Plot the points based on the magnetization curve, the value of magnetization M when the 1 / H 2 ^{= 0} by approximating by a quadratic curve, i.e. diagrams for determine the saturation magnetization M _s.

Although the present invention is basically applicable to isotropic magnets, it is possible to apply the above-mentioned method b even when there is slight anisotropy. By allowing the user to select both, the range of use is expanded.

[0035] Next, the resulting determined squareness ratio R _s with the saturation magnetization M _s, and remanent magnetization M _r measurements (using the a 0.5), the measurement of the magnetization curve in the following steps The magnetization M with respect to the magnetic field H in a portion having no value is obtained.

(I) Reversible magnetization rotation region (in the magnetization curve, a region in which the hysteresis loop of the magnetization curve at the time of magnetization and the hysteresis loop of the magnetization curve at the time of demagnetization become one are shown in FIG.
_{b, M b)} any point _(H f of more regions), _M against _f), first, an arbitrary point by the following equation _{(2-5) (H} f,
M _f ), the magnetization rotation angle φ _f is obtained, and then (2-6)
The anisotropic magnetic field _HA is obtained from the equation.

FIG. 5 shows a magnetization curve when the magnetic field H is plotted on the horizontal axis and the magnetization M is plotted on the vertical axis. The magnetization curve at the time of magnetization and the magnetization curve above the reversible magnetization rotation region (H _b ) are shown. M _s is the saturation magnetization in the one described overlapping the magnetization curve of磁時reduced in the case of demagnetization of the magnetic field after application (the demagnetization curve), M _r denotes the residual magnetization.

The expression (2-5) is replaced by the expression (2-2).
M = M_fAnd solving for the magnetization rotation angle φ,
(2-6) is H = H in the equation (2-1)._fAnd anisotropic magnetic
World H _AIs solved.

When there are a plurality of points in the reversible magnetization rotation region, the average value of the anisotropic magnetic fields _HA is used (ie, all points higher than the magnetic field _Hb in the input data are used). .

[0040]

(Equation 6) (Ii) Using the anisotropic magnetic field _HA obtained in (i) above, the magnetization rotation angle φ with respect to the magnetic field H in the portion where there is no measured value of the magnetization curve is obtained by the equation (2-1). ),
The magnetization M is obtained by the equation (2-2). In (ii), Stoner-Wohlfar of the following equation (A-1)
It is necessary to determine the magnetization rotation angle φ when the magnetic field H and the anisotropic magnetic field _HA are given to the th equation.

[0041]

(Equation 7) Here, the equation (A-1) is set as the equations (A-2) and (A-3), and starting from φ = 0 using the Newton method, the equation (A-4) is repeated. , Magnetization rotation angle φ
Ask for.

[0042]

(Equation 8) By the above method, the magnetization M with respect to the magnetic field H is obtained. In general, the magnetization curve shows the saturation magnetization M _s as the magnetic field H increases.
, And the degree of the change becomes smaller. Therefore, when the magnetization curve is represented by a finite number of points, the magnetic field H
The larger the distance between the points, the larger the distance between the points can be represented by a small number of points. At this time, the magnetization M is given and the magnetic field H
In the method for determining the, it is difficult how given magnetization M (closer to the saturation magnetization M _s, it is necessary to reduce the distance),
According to this method, since the magnetic field H is applied, the interval between points can be easily set to be large, so that there is an advantage that the method is very convenient.

2) Validity of Method for Estimating Completely Magnetized Part Next, a method for confirming the validity of the extrapolated part of the BH curve obtained by the Stoner-Wohlfarth equation of 1) will be described.

[0044]

(Equation 9) The anisotropic magnetic field _HA obtained by the equation (2-6) is expressed by M
The tangent slope at _the point _r as chi _r (in the magnetization curve of FIG. 6 Demagnetized (demagnetization curve), the magnetization M when the magnetic field H = 0 M _r,
M the slope of the demagnetization curve as chi _r at point _r), it has been found that can be expressed by the following equation. In this formula <>
Means a spatial average value, and the value of <> is zero for a completely anisotropic magnet and 2/3 for a perfectly isotropic magnet.

The value of <> is given by the following equation for a representative particle model described later.

[0046]

(Equation 10) Therefore, 異 方 性_r obtained by substituting the anisotropic magnetic field _HA obtained by the above equation (2-6) into the equation (2-7) (the following equation (2-1)
By comparing 0)) with 曲線_r of the measured magnetization curve, the validity of the completely magnetized portion of the magnetization curve estimated above can be confirmed.

In calculating the <> of the equation (2-10) for the isotropic magnet, there are two methods, namely, a method using 2/3 and a method using (2-9). The difference between the two is small, and either may be adopted.

[0048]

[Equation 11]

3) Flow of the process of estimating the completely magnetized portion Next, the specific procedure of the process of estimating the completely magnetized portion will be described with reference to FIG.

In step S701, the characteristics of the permanent magnet, that is, the initial magnetization curve, the minimum magnetic field ( _Hb ) in the reversible rotating magnetization region, and the residual magnetization _Mr are read into the memory. These are all data obtained by measurement.

In step S702, the data of each point constituting the magnetization curve read in step S701 is
Find the magnetization M.

[0052] By the method of step S703 the a or b, obtains a saturation magnetization _{M s,} in step S704, obtains the squareness ratio _{R s.}

In step S705, an average magnetization rotation angle ω is obtained from equation (2-3). Step S706
Then, the anisotropic magnetic field _HA in the reversible magnetization rotation region is obtained by the equations (2-5) and (2-6).

In step S707, equation (2-1), (2)
The magnetization M with respect to the magnetic field H in the region where there is no measurement point is obtained by the equation -2).

[0055] the slope of the demagnetization curve of the residual magnetization _{M r} point in the magnetization curve than in step S708 (2-10) formula χ
_{Find r} .

3. Initial magnetization process calculation unit The initial magnetization process calculation unit divides the magnet into a finite number of elements and performs a finite element transient analysis of the applied magnetic field when a magnetic field H is applied from a magnetizer to each element from the state of zero magnetization. Calculation using a general magnetic field calculation such as a method, extracting the maximum magnetic field for each element, and calculating the magnetization (maximum magnetization point) for each element based on the maximum magnetic field and the characteristics of the magnet. is there. less than,
After showing the basis for using general magnetic field calculation such as the finite element method, the processing procedure in the initial magnetization process calculation unit will be described.

1) Grounds for using general magnetic field calculation such as the finite element method As shown in FIG. 8, a system in which an external magnetic field H ₀ is applied to a magnetic substance piece having a unit volume and an average magnetization M is induced is obtained. Is expressed by the following equation (the thermal and mechanical effects are not considered here).

[0058]

(Equation 12) Here the integral term of the equation, when that handled divided for convenience as "energy by the effective magnetic field H _{e ff"} "demagnetizing field H _d by energy" and be represented as (3-2) below Can be.

[0059]

(Equation 13) Next, each term on the right side of the equation (3-2) will be considered.

First, the principal axis of the demagnetizing factor tensor is a-axis, and b
Axially, the main value each _{N a,} when the _{N b (N b ≧ N a} ), demagnetizing energy in accordance with the principles of superposition, if the b-axis direction having a Mcos (θ-φ) in the a-axis direction Can be expressed by the following equation as the sum of the energies in the case of having the magnetization Msin (θ−φ). Here, the directions of the respective vectors are as shown in FIG. 8 in the case where the direction of the easy axis of magnetization and the direction of the hard axis of magnetization are respectively taken as indicated by the dashed arrows with respect to the magnetic piece having a unit volume indicated by the hatched area. Of the principal axes of the demagnetizing factor tensor, the angle between the a-axis and the easy axis direction is φ, the angle between the direction of the magnetization M and the easy axis direction is θ, and the angle between the external magnetic field H _O and the easy axis direction is Angle to make
far. In addition, μ ₀ is the permeability of vacuum.

[0061]

[Equation 14] Then magnetization energy, the effective magnetic field _{H eff} easy axis direction and hard axis direction of the respective components _H e, _{H h,} also magnetization component _M e in each direction, the _{M h} Mco
When replaced by sθ and Msinθ, it is expressed as follows.

[0062]

(Equation 15) On the other hand, the mutual energy with the external magnetic field H 2 _O is as follows.

[0063]

(Equation 16) From the above, the following specific formula (3-7) of the free energy U is obtained.

[0064]

[Equation 17] The variation principle is applied to the equation (3-7). That is, ∂U / ∂
By finding M = 0 and ∂U / ∂θ = 0, the following equations (3-8) and (3-9) are derived.

[0065]

(Equation 18) In order to determine the magnetization M of the anisotropic magnetic material piece, the simultaneous equations may be solved. Here, the case of a magnetic mass made of an isotropic material will be considered. At this time, in the minute part inside the magnetic body,

[0066]

[Equation 19] It may be. Also, because it is isotropic,

[0067]

(Equation 20) It is. Thus, equation (3-9) is expressed as follows.

[0068]

(Equation 21) Therefore, equation (3-13) is derived.

[0069]

(Equation 22) From (3-13), it is understood that the magnetization M, the external magnetic field H ₀ , the demagnetizing field H _d , and the effective magnetic field H _eff all have the same direction. On the other hand, at this time, the expression (3-8) becomes as follows.

[0070]

(Equation 23) Here, the demagnetizing field H _d and the effective magnetic field H _eff are (3-1)
5) and (3-16), (3-1)
Equation 4) is as shown in equation (3-17).

[0071]

(Equation 24) Magnetization M, external magnetic field H ₀ , demagnetizing field H _d , effective magnetic field H _eff
Are all in the same direction and from equation (3-17),
In the case of a block of isotropic magnets, it can be seen that the relationship between the magnetization M and the effective magnetic field H _{eff in} the equations (3-8) and (3-9) is the same as the magnetization phenomenon of the isotropic soft magnetic material.

Therefore, the initial magnetization process of the isotropic magnet can be obtained by a general magnetic field calculation such as the finite element method by treating the magnet portion as a soft magnetic material having an initial magnetization curve of the magnet. .

In the case where the initial magnetization process is calculated transiently, for example, by considering the time change of the magnetization current and the eddy current, there is a problem as to when the magnetization should be adopted. Therefore, here, the maximum value during the passage of time is used for each element when calculating the magnetic field by the finite element method.

[0074] Further, the prime magnetization process, of the magnetization of the particles, occurs magnetization reversal with particles of a predetermined distribution, so that performing future described as a vector sum of the particle magnetization becomes a finite value M _m .

2) Processing Procedure in Initial Magnetization Process Calculation Unit Next, a specific processing procedure in the initial magnetization process calculation unit will be described with reference to FIG.

In step S901, data of the main body of the magnetizer is read into the memory as data indicating the configuration and the like of the magnetizer. Specifically, a magnetizer split model in the magnetizer body,
It is a result obtained by the magnetizing current waveform calculator as the BH characteristic and conductivity of the magnetizing yoke, the number of turns of the coil, and the magnetizing current waveform.

In step S902, the complete magnetization curve obtained by the complete magnetization curve estimation unit and the conductivity of the magnet are read into the memory as the characteristic data of the magnet.

In step S903, a magnetic field calculation is performed by the finite element method or the like. The calculation is a nonlinear transient analysis taking into account the eddy currents and saturation of the yoke and magnet.

In step S904, the peak value of the temporal change of the magnetic flux density of each element is set as the maximum magnetic flux density point _Bm, and based on the maximum magnetic flux density point _Bm , the maximum magnetization point _Mm is obtained and stored in the external storage device. .

4. Remanent Magnetization Calculation Unit The remanence magnetization calculation unit is processing means for obtaining the remanent magnetization of the magnet when a predetermined magnetic field is applied to magnetize the magnet and the magnetic field is set to 0, and the maximum magnetization obtained by the initial magnetization process calculation unit is determined. determine the magnetization curve passing through the magnetization point M _m, it is calculated on the basis of the magnetization curve. The basic formula and the maximum magnetization point M _{m are described below.}
Then, a procedure for obtaining a magnetization curve through the following will be shown, and then the flow of processing in the remanent magnetization calculation unit will be described.

1) Basic formula in remanent magnetization calculation section Maximum magnetization point (H _m , M _m ) in the first quadrant of the demagnetization curve of the magnet
To the area immediately before the descent portion in the second quadrant, the simultaneous magnetization rotation model of the next single domain particle, that is, Stoner-W
It can be reproduced by the ohlfarth equation. Note that the expression (4-
In 1), H is an external magnetic field.

[0082]

(Equation 25)Where H_A(M_m) Was also determined by the above initial magnetization process calculation section
Maximum magnetization point (H_m, M _mAnisotropy in the demagnetization curve passing through
Sexual magnetic field. Also, M_s(M_m) Indicates magnetization shown in FIG.
In the curve, the maximum magnetization point (H_m, M_mDemagnetization through
The saturation magnetization of the curve, R_s(M_m) Is the angle of the demagnetization curve
It is a mold ratio. Note that these values are
It depends on the state of
(H_m, M_m).

Here, it is assumed that the squareness ratio of the demagnetization curve for each maximum magnetization point does not depend on the maximum magnetization point and is constant as follows (the same as the value of equation (2-4)).

[0084]

(Equation 26) When the demagnetization curve is a magnetization curve of a major loop (the magnetization curve of the major loop is a magnetization curve and a demagnetization curve when demagnetization is performed after applying a magnetic field equal to or more than a reversible magnetization rotation region (ie, _Hb or more). ), At the minimum magnetization point (H _b , M _b ) of the reversible rotation magnetization region, the magnetization rotation angle φ _b is changed from the expression (4-2) to the expression (4-6),
At this time, the anisotropic magnetic field _HA ( _Mb ) in this state is (4-
From equation (1), equation (4-7) is obtained.

[0085]

[Equation 27] Here, it is assumed that the anisotropic magnetic field H _A (M _b ) is proportional to the maximum magnetization point as in the following equation.

[0086]

[Equation 28] As described above, the demagnetization curve can be reproduced at an arbitrary maximum magnetization point (H _m , M _m ) in the procedure shown in the following 2).

[0087] 2) is shown below the procedure to determine the magnetization curve passing through the procedure maximum magnetization point M _m to determine the magnetization curve passing through the maximum magnetization point M _m. (I) (4-3), (4-5) determine the magnetization rotation angle ω from equation (4-6) determining the magnetization rotation angle phi _b of the reversible magnetization rotation region from the equation. Then, the anisotropic magnetic field H _A (M _m ) is obtained by the equations (4-7) and (4-8).

(Ii) Using the equation (4-1), the maximum magnetization
Point (H_m, M_m(H = H) _m) Magnetization rotation angle φ_m
Ask for. This uses the above equations (A-1) to (A-4).
You can ask.

(Iii) In the equation (4-2), φ = φ
_m, M = M_mIn addition, the saturation magnetization M _s(M_m)
You. This value is as in the following equation (4-9).

(Iv) For an arbitrary magnetic field H, (4-1)
After finding the magnetization rotation angle φ by the equation, the magnetization M is found by using the equation (4-2).

[0091]

(Equation 29) The magnetization at the time of H = 0 (the residual magnetization M _r (M
_m )) corresponds to the case of φ = 0 in the equation (4-2) (← equation (4-1) becomes φ = 0 when H = 0),
The following equation (4-1) obtained by substituting equation (4-9) into equation (4-2)
0).

[0092]

[Equation 30]

3) Processing Flow in Remanent Magnetization Calculator Next, a specific procedure in the remanence magnetization calculator will be described with reference to FIG. In step S1101, the magnetization including the minimum magnetic field H _b , the residual magnetization M _r , the saturation magnetization M _s , あ_{る rec,} and the complete magnetization obtained by the complete magnetization curve estimating unit, which are the magnetization curve data of the permanent magnet, are the permanent magnet magnetization curve data. Load a curve into memory.

In step S1102, step S110
Request squareness ratio R _s based on the residual magnetization M _r read in 1 and the saturation magnetization M _s. Generally, the value is close to 0.5.

[0095] reads the value M _m of the maximum magnetization points of each element obtained in step S1103 in the first magnetization process calculating section.

In step S1104, step S110
The direction of the magnetization vector at the maximum magnetization point M _m read in step 3 is calculated as the easy axis direction _{ｍ m} (this easy axis direction is necessary for a remanent magnetization process described later).

In step S1105, the anisotropic magnetic field H _A (M _m ) and the residual magnetization M
_{Find r} (M _m ). (I) The magnetization rotation angle ω is obtained from the equation (4-3). (Ii) According to equations (4-6) and (4-7), H
_{Find A} (M _s ). (Iii) For each element, the residual magnetization M
_{Find r} (M _m ). a. Determined from the complete deposition磁曲line _{H m} values for the maximum magnetization point _{M m} values read in step S1103. b. H _A (M _m ) is obtained by the equation (4-8). c. The magnetization rotation angle φ _m is obtained from the equation (4-1). d. M _r (M _m ) is obtained by the equation (4-10).

In step S1106, the direction 軸_{m of} the easy axis of each element, the residual magnetization M _r (M _m ), and the anisotropic magnetic field H _A
(M _m ) is output to the external storage device.

5. Demagnetization process calculation unit The demagnetization process calculation unit calculates the residual magnetization of each element calculated by the remanence magnetization calculation unit, and applies a magnetic field that generates the magnetization of each element to each element having the remanence. A means for calculating the magnetization of each element. A process for deriving a basic expression for obtaining the magnetization distribution in the demagnetization process will be described below, and then a processing procedure in the demagnetization process calculation unit will be described.

1) Basic formula for determining the magnetization distribution in the demagnetization process In calculating the demagnetization process, the starting point is the residual angle θ_rHave
Remanent magnetization M_rThe magnetization rotation angle θ is the magnetization volume
It shall be measured from the easy axis. And the magnetization is (M _r,
θ_r) State (state before change) to (M, θ) state
Free energy density when changed to (state after change)
Is defined as U. Also, magnetization in the absence of a demagnetizing field
The required work is to change the magnetization to M_rFrom M to M in the easy axis direction
Work required to change along_magAnd M is θ_r
Work shifted from the direction (anisotropic energy U_aniso)
Approximate with the sum of Then the change in free energy density U
Can be expressed as the sum of the following four contributions.

[0101]

(Equation 31) U _demag is a change in so-called demagnetizing field energy, and is expressed by the following equation.

[0102]

(Equation 32) a, b represents the direction of the main value _N a, _{N b} demagnetisation tensor _{(N a} ≦ _N b). Since the magnetizations M and θ (the angle between the magnetization M and the direction of the easy axis of magnetization) in the state after the change are unknown, each magnetization included in this equation can be replaced as follows. Here, φ is the angle (<90 deg) between the direction of the easy axis of magnetization and the direction of the demagnetizing field tensor a.
M _a and M _b are the components of the demagnetizing field tensor of the magnetization in the state after the change in each axial direction, _Mar and M _br are the components of the demagnetizing field tensor of the magnetization in the state of the axis before the change, and θ _r is the change. It represents respectively the angle formed between the magnetization M _r and the magnetization easy axis in the previous state (Fig. 12). In addition, μ ₀ is the permeability of vacuum.

[0103]

[Equation 33] The expression (5-2) is expressed as follows by the expression (5-3).

[0104]

(Equation 34) Next, in order to specifically write U _mag , the main part of the magnetization curve in the easy axis direction is approximated by a straight line. That is,

[0105]

(Equation 35)This χ_recIs the slope of this straight line, and the bend in the second quadrant
Immediate point and remanent magnetization M _rIs the slope of the line connecting the points
(FIG. 13). Thus, U_magIs represented by the following equation. What
FIG. 14 is a diagram showing the contents of the integration of this equation.
_magAre nothing but the shaded portions in FIG.

[0106]

[Equation 36] Here, the anisotropic energy U _aniso is expressed as follows, assuming that the anisotropic magnetic field is constant in a section up to a portion of the demagnetization curve up to the steep drop portion.

[0107]

(37) On the other hand, the mutual energy with the external magnetic field is as follows.

[0108]

(38) From the above, the specific expression of U is as follows.

[0109]

[Equation 39] The variation principle is applied to this U. That is, ∂U / ∂M =
By obtaining 0, ∂U / ∂θ = 0, the following simultaneous equations that determine M and θ are obtained.

[0110]

(Equation 40) In order to determine the magnetization of the anisotropic magnet, the simultaneous equations may be solved. Here, a magnet made of an isotropic material is considered.
At this time, in the minute part inside the magnet,

[0111]

[Equation 41] It may be. Also, because it is isotropic,

[0112]

(Equation 42) It is. From this, the expressions (5-10) and (5-11) are
It looks like this:

[0113]

[Equation 43]Here, the effective magnetic field in the minute portion inside the magnet is represented by H_eff
Then, H_effIs the external magnetic field H₀And demagnetizing field H_dAnd the sum of
The direction component parallel to the magnetization M is expressed as
H _effθ, The vertical component is H_eff⊥Then,
Each is described as follows. Where H_0θ,
H_dθIs the direction component parallel to the magnetization M of the external and demagnetizing fields.
Min, H_0⊥, H_d⊥Is the vertical component.

[0114]

[Equation 44] Thus, the equations (5-14) and (5-15) are expressed as follows.

[0115]

[Equation 45] M and θ are obtained by solving this equation. Next, when the equations (5-18) and (5-19) are applied to a magnetic field distribution expressed with respect to a reference coordinate axis (here, the direction of the X axis of the orthogonal coordinate system is used as a reference axis). Will be described.

As shown in FIG. 16, the direction of the axis of easy magnetization is tilted by _{ｍm with} respect to the reference axis.
Axis), H _eff and the direction of magnetization M
_{When eff} , Θ, the magnetic field H = (H _x , H _y ) can be expressed as follows. That is, the magnetic field H =
H _eff and Θ _eff for (H _x , H _y ) are determined.

[0117]

[Equation 46] Next, using the _{H eff} and theta _eff that Motoma' here, the magnetic field _{H = (H effθ, H eff⊥} ) is found as follows. Here, θ is an angle formed between the direction of the easy axis and the magnetization M, and Ω _eff is the direction of the easy axis and the effective magnetic field H.
_This is an angle formed with _eff .

[0118]

[Equation 47] As described above, H _{eff θ} and H _{eff 求} were obtained using the equations (5-20) to (5-25) with respect to the magnetic field H expressed in the orthogonal coordinate system based on the X-axis direction.

[0119] Thus further obtains the magnetization rotation angle θ using the formula (5-19), by obtaining the magnetization M with (5-18), the magnetization M _{= (M} x, _{M y)} by the following equation I get it.

[0120]

[Equation 48] As the magnetization after the demagnetization, the magnetic field H = (H
_x , H _y ) may be obtained as a self-consistent magnetization M (M and θ) that satisfies the expressions (5-18) and (5-19).

In the case of an isotropic magnet, the direction 容易_m of the axis of easy magnetization in the above demagnetization process may be the direction of the magnetic field immediately after the initial magnetization process, as shown in equation (5-13). .

In order to obtain the self-consistent magnetization M (M and θ), calculation is performed in the following procedure. (I) the direction of magnetization M ₀ of each element Motoma' the residual magnetization process and the direction of the easy axis, obtaining the theta _m. (Ii) Set the magnetization M ₀ to the initial value of the magnetization M after demagnetization to be obtained. (Iii) For each element, determine the angle θ between the magnetization M and the easy axis determined in (i). This θ is 0 for the first time,
After the repetition of (x), the value of θ obtained in (viii) is obtained. (Iv) Using the magnetization M, a magnetic field calculation is performed on the magnet alone by the finite element method. (V) If necessary, perform post-processing after magnetic field calculation to obtain a magnetic field result. Specifically, for example, when the finite element method is used for the magnetic field calculation, the magnetic flux density B is obtained.
9) is used to convert to a magnetic field H (permeability of the magnet part is μ ₀ + _χrec ). (Vi) a magnetic field _{H = (H x, H y} ) from the formula (5-20)
By using (5-22), H _eff and Θ _eff are obtained. (Vii) Ω _eff is obtained from the equation (5-25), and the equation (5)
−23) and (5-24) from H _{eff θ} and H _{eff ⊥}
Ask for. (Viii) θ is obtained from the equation (5-19), and (5-1)
8) Calculate the magnetization M from: Note that here the anisotropy field _{H A,} using the _H A _{(M m)} obtained in (4-8). (Ix) Θ is obtained from the equation (5-28), and the equation (5-2) is obtained.
6) A new magnetization M is obtained from (5-27). (X) Using the new magnetization M obtained in (ix), (i)
Steps ii) to (vii) are repeated until a self-consistent magnetization M is obtained. Note that, in practice, (viii)
When finding new θ and M, the convergence is improved by introducing a relaxation coefficient that corrects only the variation of 0.2 to 0.8 instead of updating (replacement) the old θ and M as they are. improves.

[0123]

[Equation 49]

2) Processing Flow in Residual Magnetization Calculation Unit Based on the above, the remanence magnetization calculation unit performs processing according to the flow shown in FIG.

In step S1701, the direction of the axis of easy magnetization _ｍm and the residual magnetization M _r (M
_m ), read the result of the anisotropic magnetic field _HA into the memory.

In step S1702, initial values of the magnetization magnitude M and the direction θ are set. The size is _Mr ( _Mm ),
The direction is a direction (θ = 0) that coincides with the easy axis of magnetization.

In step S1703, the magnetization vector is represented by the x and y components (M _x , M _y ) of the orthogonal coordinates.

In step S1704, the magnetization distribution (M _x ,
Using M _y ), a magnetic field calculation is performed for the magnet alone. Use a general magnetic field calculation solver such as the finite element method.

[0129] Step S1705 the magnetic flux density in the part of the result obtained magnet field calculation _{(B x,} B y) from the magnetic field _(H x, H _y) obtained.

At step S1706, the magnetic field (H _x ,
H _y ), based on equations (5-20) to (5-22),
H _eff and Θ _eff are obtained.

In step S1707, (5-23)-
According to equation (5-25), Ω_eff, H _effθ, H
_eff⊥Ask for.

In step S1708, equation (5-18) is used.
The new magnitude M and direction θ of the magnetization are obtained using the equation (5-19).

In step S1709, it is determined whether or not the magnitude M and the direction θ of the magnetization have sufficiently converged. If the convergence is insufficient, the process returns to step S1703, and step S1 is executed.
The processing from 703 to step S1708 is repeated.
On the other hand, if it is determined in step S1709 that the magnetization M and the direction θ have sufficiently converged, the process advances to step S1710 to calculate (5-26), (5-2) from the magnetization M and the direction θ.
The magnetization vector is obtained from the expression 7), and as a result of the magnetization distribution,
Output to an external storage device.

Here, when calculating the demagnetization process,
Although the gradient χ _rec of a straight line connecting the point just before the bent portion of the second quadrant of the demagnetization curve and the point of the residual magnetization M _r was used, this gradient is generally obtained by 完全_r ((2- 10)
Has substantially the same value as in the expression, and may be substituted by で_r .

In the equations (5-20) to (5-28),
Although the description has been made by limiting the calculation to two dimensions on the xy plane, as will be easily understood, this is extended to a three-dimensional equation, and in the step of S1704, a three-dimensional magnetic field calculation solver is used. It is also easy to obtain a three-dimensional magnetization distribution. Therefore, it was used in the above calculation procedure (5-
The expressions (20) to (5-28) are not limited to the two-dimensional expressions as described above, but also include expressions extended to three dimensions.

Using a magnetizing calculator having the magnetizing current waveform calculator, the complete magnetizing curve estimator, the initial magnetization process calculator, the residual magnetization calculator, and the demagnetization process calculator, a cylindrical permanent magnet The example which performed the magnetization calculation of is shown.

FIG. 18 shows an example of a divided model of a magnetizer.
801 is a coil, 1802 is a magnet. FIG. 19 shows a calculation result of a current waveform when a current is caused to flow by connecting a capacitor to the magnetizer by the magnetizing current waveform calculator. The peak current ( _Jpeak ) was set to 10 kA, and it was confirmed that the current waveform was close to the actually measured value.

FIG. 20 shows the result of creating a complete saturation magnetization curve based on the initial magnetization curve obtained by the measurement. The magnetic field H is plotted on the horizontal axis, and the magnetization M is plotted on the vertical axis. The measurement results are plotted for the magnetic field region shown in 2001, and the results calculated by the perfect magnetization curve estimator for the magnetic field region shown in 2002 are plotted. It can be seen that a perfect saturation magnetization curve is obtained.

FIG. 21 (a) shows the result of the initial magnetization process calculation by the initial magnetization process calculation unit, FIG. 21 (b) shows the result of the remanence magnetization calculation by the remanence magnetization calculation unit, and FIG. 21 (c) shows the calculation of the demagnetization process by the demagnetization process calculation unit The figure which displayed the magnetization distribution in the magnet afterward with the arrow is shown. FIG. 21D illustrates the state of the magnetic flux of the magnet alone using the result of the magnetization distribution obtained by the demagnetization process calculation in the demagnetization process calculation unit.

As described above, by displaying the results of the respective calculation units in the form of a diagram, the magnetization calculation process can be understood very easily.

FIG. 22 is a comparison of the magnetic flux density distribution on the magnet surface of the magnet alone with the experimental results. It can be seen that a calculation result that matches the measured value very well is obtained. FIG. 23 summarizes the data necessary for performing the calculations for the above-described magnetization calculation method described above.
The data presented here are those that can be measured, investigated or determined relatively easily.

[0142]

[Embodiment 2] In the magnetizing current waveform calculating section of Embodiment 1, the user specifies the inductance L of the magnetizer, the capacitance C of the capacitor, and the resistance R of the coil in the LCR circuit.
The peak value of the magnetizing current waveform specified by the user was obtained by adjusting the voltage between both terminals of the capacitor within the program.

However, in this case, the user specifies the voltage between both terminals of the capacitor in the power supply circuit, and adjusts the resistance of the coil (the resistance of the coil as viewed from the entire power supply circuit) within the program, thereby allowing the user to specify the voltage. The peak value of the magnetized current waveform obtained may be obtained. FIG. 24 shows the flow of calculation in the magnetizing current waveform calculation unit in implementing this method. The difference from FIG.
At 403, an initial value of the coil resistance (R) is set,
The point is that in step S2408, a change is made to update the resistance R of the coil. As a result, data necessary for performing the magnetization calculation is as shown in FIG. 25, and the voltage between both terminals of the capacitor of the magnetizer is read instead of the coil resistance of the magnetizer.

According to the present embodiment, calculation can be easily performed even when the resistance of the coil in the magnetized circuit is unknown.

[0145]

Third Embodiment In the first embodiment, as shown in the equation (4-8), it is assumed that the anisotropic magnetic field is proportional to the maximum magnetization point. This assumption assumes that the anisotropic magnetic field is equal to the saturation magnetic flux density M of the demagnetization curve passing through the maximum magnetization point as shown in the following equation (4-8) ′.
It is more accurate to make it proportional to _s (M _m ).

[0146]

[Equation 50]Then, the demagnetization curve using this assumption is obtained by the following procedure.
be able to. (I) Calculating the magnetization rotation angle ω from the equations (4-3) and (4-5)
From Equation (4-6), the magnetization rotation in the reversible magnetization rotation region is obtained.
Turning angle φ_bAsk for. (Ii) saturation magnetization M_s(M_m) To an appropriate value (M_sdegree)
Set to. (Iii) Anisotropic magnetic field according to (4-7), (4-8) '
World H_A(M_m). (Iv) Using the equation (4-1), the maximum magnetization point (H_m, M
_m(H = H) _m) Magnetization rotation angle φ_mAsk for. This
Is obtained using the above equations (A-1) to (A-4).
Can be. (V) In the equation (4-2), φ = φ_m, M = M_mToo
And the saturation magnetization M_s(M_m). This value is calculated by the formula (4-
It is as 9). (Vi) The saturation magnetization M found_s(M_m) Using (ii)
The calculations of i) to (v) are performed again. This process is performed with the saturation magnetization M_s
(M_mRepeat until) is sufficiently converged. (Vii) The determined anisotropic magnetic field H_A(M_m), Saturation magnetization
M_s(M_m), For any magnetic field H, (4-
After obtaining the magnetization rotation angle φ by the equation (1), the equation (4-2) is changed to
Is used to determine the magnetization M.

[0147] Further, it is possible to obtain the (iii) ~ (v) using the obtained phi _m as converged solution of (4-10) residual magnetization _M r _{(M m)} by expression.

[0148]

Fourth Embodiment In the first to third embodiments, the method and procedure for performing the magnetization calculation are described with respect to the magnetization current waveform calculation unit, the complete magnetization curve estimation unit, and the initial magnetization process calculation unit that constitute the magnetization calculation device. The description has been made on the five parts, the remanent magnetization calculation section and the demagnetization process calculation section.

In this embodiment, a description will be given of a module in which these components are actually incorporated, and a configuration of the entire apparatus.

FIG. 26 is a diagram for explaining the modules constituting the apparatus, the input data file, the result data file, and the flow of the magnetization calculation. In the figure, those starting with P indicate effective form program modules, those starting with Q are input data to be prepared by the user, and those starting with R are files emitted by the program.

P02 is a magnetization current waveform calculation module incorporating the above-described magnetization current waveform calculation section, P03 is a complete magnetization curve estimation module incorporating the complete magnetization curve estimation section, and P04 is the initial magnetization process. The initial magnetization process calculation module incorporating the calculation module, and P05 is a remanence / demagnetization process calculation module incorporating the remanence calculation module and the demagnetization process calculation module. Also, here, a magnetization division model automatic generation module shown in P01 is newly added. This module uses the number of poles and diameter of magnetized magnet, the thickness of coil of magnetizer, and the number of turns of coil per slot as input data, and automatically generates a divided model of the shape corresponding to the input data internally. . Many magnets used in motors and the like generally have a cylindrical shape. When magnetizing a magnet having a predetermined shape in this way, a magnetized splitter model is generated in accordance with the magnet.

Q01 is a data file representing the shape of the magnetizer, Q02 is a data file of the power supply circuit of the magnetizer, and Q03 is a point sequence representing the initial magnetization curve of the magnet (a combination of a magnetic field and a magnetization, or (Combination of magnetic flux densities). Q04 is data representing the shape of the major loop of the magnet. Q03 and Q04 are obtained by measuring the magnetic properties of the magnet with a BH curve tracer or the like.

FIG. 28 (a) shows an example of the specific contents of the power supply circuit data of the magnetizer of Q02. The data of the reference value 2801 of the magnetizing current, the number of turns 2802 of the coil, the peak value 2803 of the magnetizing current, the capacitance 2804 of the capacitor, and the voltage 2805 at both terminals when the capacitor is charged are stored.

FIG. 28B shows an example of data of a point sequence representing the initial magnetization curve of the magnet of Q03. Ten sets of the magnetic field H and the magnetic flux density B are set as the point sequence data.

FIG. 28 (c) shows an example of data representing the shape of the major loop of the magnet of Q04. The minimum magnetic field H _b (2806) of the reversible magnetization rotation region and the residual magnetization M _r (280
7), and χ _rec (2808).

Here, the magnetic properties and conductivity of the magnetized yoke and the conductivity of the magnet are determined by the program modules P02 to P02.
It is assumed that it is built in P05.

As described above, the data is separately managed by the characteristic data of the magnet and the characteristic data of the magnetizer, so that the system can be easily managed and used.

Next, the procedure and data flow for actually performing the magnetization calculation using these input data and program modules will be described.

First, the user activates the magnetizer split model automatic generation module P01. Then, the module reads the data Q01 from the file, and outputs a file R01 of the divided model of the magnetizer according to the contents. FIG.
(A) shows an example of the generated divided model.

FIG. 27B is a diagram displayed for easy understanding of the material distribution in the divided model. It should be noted that when actually displaying the divided model, it is easy to understand that the divided models are displayed in different colors for each material. In particular, in the main magnetization calculation, the permanent magnet 2701, the magnetized yoke 2702, the air 2703,
The + coil 2704 and the −coil 2705 may be displayed in different colors.

Next, the user activates the magnetizing current waveform calculation module P02. This module reads the power supply circuit data Q02 of the magnetizer from the file and outputs the calculated magnetizing current waveform as a template R02 of the input file for initial magnetization calculation according to the input format of the initial magnetization process calculation module.

Next, the user activates the complete magnetization curve estimation module P03. This module includes a magnet initial magnetization curve data file Q03, a magnet major loop data file Q04, and a template R0 of an input file for initial magnetization calculation.
2, the complete magnetization curve obtained here is added to the contents of the file R02, and the initial magnetization calculation input data R0
Output as 3.

Next, the user enters the initial magnetization process calculation module P
04 is started. In this module, the initial magnetization calculation input data R03 containing the magnetization current waveform data and the complete magnetization curve
After reading the magnet major loop data file Q04 and the magnetizer split model file R01, the built-in initial magnetization process calculation unit calculates the initial magnetization and outputs the initial magnetization file R04. The first magnetization file R04
Also includes division model data.

Finally, the user activates the residual magnetization / demagnetization process calculation module. This module is the first magnetized file R
04 is read, the residual magnetization and the demagnetization process calculation unit are used to calculate the residual magnetization and the magnetization distribution after the demagnetization process, and output them to the file R05 and the file 06, respectively.

Since the remanent magnetization calculation unit and the demagnetization process calculation unit are in the same module, the direction of the easy axis 磁化_m , which is data to be transferred between the two, and the remanence magnetization M
_r (M _m ) and the anisotropic magnetic field _HA (M _m ) are delivered not inside a file but inside the module.

Although not shown here, file R0
A module for displaying a magnetization current waveform of elapsed time × current value as shown in FIG.
A module for displaying a complete magnetization curve as a magnetic field × magnetization curve as shown in FIG.
A module is prepared for displaying the state of the magnetization distribution of R04, R05, and R06 in vectors.

By preparing the plotting module in this way, it is possible to track the magnetization calculation process very easily. The functions of these plotting modules are
As a part of the above five calculation module functions, they may be included therein.

As described in this embodiment, the module for performing the magnetization calculation along the magnetization calculation process is divided into several modules, each of which is an independent program, so that only a part of the data is obtained. It is possible to eliminate redundant calculation waste when performing calculations by changing the calculation, and it is possible to perform magnetization calculation while tracking the calculation process one by one.

[0169]

Another object of the present invention is to provide a storage medium storing a program code of software for realizing the functions of the above-described embodiments to a system or an apparatus, and to provide a computer (or CPU) of the system or apparatus. And MPU) read and execute the program code stored in the storage medium.

In this case, the program code itself read from the storage medium implements the functions of the above-described embodiment, and the storage medium storing the program code constitutes the present invention.

Examples of the storage medium for supplying the program code include a floppy disk, hard disk, optical disk, magneto-optical disk, CD-ROM, and CD.
-R, a magnetic tape, a nonvolatile memory card, a ROM, or the like can be used.

When the computer executes the readout program code, not only the functions of the above-described embodiment are realized, but also the OS (Operating System) running on the computer based on the instructions of the program code. ) May perform some or all of the actual processing, and the processing may realize the functions of the above-described embodiments.

Further, after the program code read from the storage medium is written into a memory provided in a function expansion board inserted into the computer or a function expansion unit connected to the computer, based on the instruction of the program code, It goes without saying that the CPU included in the function expansion board or the function expansion unit performs part or all of the actual processing, and the processing realizes the functions of the above-described embodiments.

[0174]

As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to obtain the magnetizing current waveform of the magnetizer required for calculating the magnetization distribution of the magnet by calculation.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a magnetization distribution calculation device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram solved by a magnetization current waveform calculation unit of the magnetization distribution calculation device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a processing flow performed by a magnetization current waveform calculation unit of the magnetization distribution calculation device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining a method of obtaining saturation magnetization by 1 / H ² extrapolation in a magnetization current waveform calculation unit of the magnetization distribution calculation device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a reversible magnetization rotation region of a magnetization curve.

FIG. 6 is a diagram to explain the χ _r.

FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a processing flow performed by a complete magnetization curve estimation unit of the magnetization distribution calculation device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of a magnetization rotation model for explaining the contents of an initial magnetization process calculation unit of the magnetization distribution calculation device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 shows a processing flow performed by an initial magnetization process calculation unit of the magnetization distribution calculation device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining a method of calculating residual magnetization by the magnetization distribution calculation device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a processing flow performed by a remanent magnetization calculation unit of the magnetization distribution calculation device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating a demagnetization process of an anisotropic magnet.

FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating χ _rec .

FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating calculation of integration of H _eff .

FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating a demagnetization process of an isotropic magnet.

FIG. 16 is a diagram for explaining rotation of magnetization in a demagnetization process by an angle measured from a reference axis.

FIG. 17 is a diagram showing a processing flow performed by a demagnetization process calculation unit of the magnetization distribution calculation device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 18 is a diagram illustrating an example of a magnetizer split model according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 19 is a diagram illustrating an example of a calculation result of a current waveform by the magnetization distribution calculation device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 20 is a diagram illustrating an example of a result of a full saturation magnetization curve estimation unit of the magnetization distribution calculation device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 21 is a diagram illustrating an example of a result of an initial magnetization process calculation unit, a remanence magnetization calculation unit, and a demagnetization process calculation unit of the magnetization distribution calculation device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 22 is a diagram illustrating an example of a result of obtaining a surface magnetic flux density distribution of a single magnet using the magnetization distribution of the magnet obtained by the magnetization distribution calculation device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 23 is a diagram showing a list of input data required by the magnetization distribution calculation device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 24 is a diagram showing a processing flow performed by a magnetization current waveform calculation unit of the magnetization distribution calculation device according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 25 is a diagram showing a list of input data required by the magnetizing current calculation means of the magnetization distribution calculation device according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 26 is a diagram illustrating an example of a main module and a data flow included in a magnetization distribution calculation device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 27 is a diagram showing an example of a divided model of a magnetizer of the magnetization distribution calculation device according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 28 is a diagram illustrating an example of an input data file for performing magnetization calculation of the magnetization distribution calculation device according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 101 CPU 102 display device 103 input device 104 external storage device 105 memory 106 bus

[Procedure amendment]

[Submission date] May 1, 2001 (2001.5.1)

[Procedure amendment 1]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] Claims

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

[Claims]

Claims (24)

[Claims] 1. A magnetization distribution calculation device for calculating a magnetization distribution in a magnetic material when a magnetic field is applied to the magnetic material by the magnetizer and magnetized, the magnetization distribution calculating a current waveform flowing in the magnetizer. A current waveform calculating means, wherein the magnetizing current waveform calculating means comprises: setting means for setting a unique parameter of the magnetizer;
Calculating means for calculating parameters corresponding to a system including the magnetizer and the magnetic material based on the set unique parameters and characteristics of the magnetic material; and Calculating means for calculating a waveform of a current flowing through the magnetizer based on the parameter, and calculating a magnetization distribution based on the current waveform calculated by the magnetizing current waveform calculating means. . 2. The magnetization distribution calculating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein parameters unique to the magnetizer and parameters indicating characteristics of the magnetic material are managed independently. 3. The magnetizing current waveform calculating means, wherein the setting means includes, as parameters unique to the magnetizer, a divided model of the magnetizer, magnetization characteristics of a magnetizing yoke, conductivity of the magnetizing yoke, and a coil. 3. The magnetization distribution calculation device according to claim 2, wherein the number of turns, the resistance of the coil, the capacitance of the capacitor, and the peak value of the magnetization current are set. 4. The magnetizing current waveform calculating means, wherein the calculating means calculates a magnetic field based on the set parameters and calculates an inductance of the magnetizer when a predetermined current flows. Claim 3
3. A magnetization distribution calculation device according to claim 1. 5. The magnetizing current waveform calculating means, wherein the calculating means calculates (1−1) based on the inductance and a predetermined value set for a voltage across the capacitor.
A magnetizing current waveform is obtained from equations 2) to (1-3), and the voltage across the capacitor is set so that the difference between the peak value of the magnetizing current waveform and the peak value of the magnetizing current is equal to or less than a predetermined value. The magnetization distribution calculation according to claim 4, wherein a magnetization current waveform when a difference between the magnetization current waveform and a peak value of the magnetization current is equal to or smaller than a predetermined value is obtained. apparatus. 6. A magnetization curve when a high magnetic field is applied, among magnetization curves indicating a state of magnetization when a magnetic field is applied to the magnetic material and magnetized, is calculated based on characteristics of the magnetic material. 2. The apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a complete magnetization curve estimating means, wherein the magnetization distribution is calculated using the magnetization curve.
6. The magnetization distribution calculation device according to any one of items 1 to 5. Wherein said full deposition磁曲line estimating means, representing characteristics of the magnetic material, the magnetization curve of the low magnetic field, and the residual magnetization M _r, hysteresis wear磁時and Demagnetized of magnetization curve A minimum magnetic field _Hb that does not occur is read, and a saturation magnetization _Mr is calculated based on the characteristics of the magnetic material. Based on the saturation magnetization _Mr and the residual magnetization _Mr ,
From the equations (2-3) and (2-4), the magnetization rotation angle ω is obtained, and based on a point (H _f , M _f ) on an arbitrary magnetization curve equal to or more than the minimum magnetic field _Hb , (2-5) ) And (2-6)
From the formula, the anisotropic magnetic field _HA is obtained, and the magnetization rotation angle φ in a high magnetic field is calculated from Newton using formulas (A-2) to (A-4) from formulas (2-1) and (2-2). The magnetization distribution calculation apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the calculation is performed by a method. Wherein said saturation magnetization _{M s,} the residual magnetization _{M r}
The magnetization distribution calculation device according to claim 7, wherein the value is twice as large as the following. 9. The magnetization distribution calculator according to claim 7, wherein the saturation magnetization _Ms is calculated based on the magnetization curve of the low magnetic field. Wherein said anisotropic magnetic field H _A can in claim 7, wherein the minimum average of the values calculated for a plurality of points on the magnetic field H _b or more of any of the magnetization curve The magnetization distribution calculation device according to the above. 11. The anisotropic magnetic field H_A, The magnetization rotation angle
ω, the saturation magnetization M _sBased on the following formula,
And the slope of the tangent at the point of zero magnetic field in the magnetization curve χ_rTo
The complete magnetization curve estimation means calculates
To show the validity of the magnetization curve at the emitted high magnetic field.
The magnetization distribution calculation device according to claim 7, wherein: 12. A magnetization distribution calculating method for calculating a magnetization distribution in a magnetic material when the magnetic material is magnetized by applying a magnetic field to the magnetic material, the method comprising calculating a waveform of a current flowing through the magnetizer. A current waveform calculating step, wherein the magnetizing current waveform calculating step comprises: setting a unique parameter of the magnetizer;
A calculation step of calculating parameters corresponding to a system including the magnetizer and the magnetic material based on the set unique parameters and characteristics of the magnetic material; and Calculating a current waveform flowing through the magnetizer based on the parameters and calculating a magnetization distribution based on the current waveform calculated by the magnetizing current waveform calculating step. . 13. The magnetization distribution calculation method according to claim 12, wherein parameters unique to the magnetizer and parameters indicating characteristics of the magnetic material are managed independently. 14. In the magnetizing current waveform calculating step, the setting step includes, as parameters unique to the magnetizer, a divided model of the magnetizer, magnetization characteristics of a magnetizing yoke, conductivity of the magnetizing yoke, and a coil. 14. The method according to claim 13, wherein the number of turns, the resistance of the coil, the capacitance of the capacitor, and the peak value of the magnetizing current are set. 15. In the magnetizing current waveform calculating step, the calculating step performs a magnetic field calculation based on the set parameters, and calculates an inductance of the magnetizer when a predetermined current flows. Claim 1.
5. The method for calculating a magnetization distribution according to item 4. 16. In the magnetizing current waveform calculating step, the calculating step is based on the inductance and a predetermined value set to a voltage between both ends of the capacitor.
A magnetizing current waveform is obtained from the expressions 2) to (1-3). The magnetization distribution calculation according to claim 15, wherein a magnetization current waveform when a difference between the magnetization current waveform and a peak value of the magnetization current is equal to or smaller than a predetermined value is obtained. Method. 17. A magnetization curve when a high magnetic field is applied, among magnetization curves indicating a state of magnetization when a magnetic field is applied to the magnetic material and magnetized, is calculated based on characteristics of the magnetic material. 17. The method according to claim 13, further comprising a step of estimating a complete magnetization curve, wherein the magnetization distribution is calculated using the magnetization curve. 18. The full deposition磁曲line estimation step indicates the characteristics of the magnetic material, the magnetization curve of the low magnetic field, and the residual magnetization M _r, hysteresis wear磁時and Demagnetized of magnetization curve minimum reading and a magnetic field H _b does not occur, based on said characteristics of the magnetic material, it calculates the saturation magnetization M _r, wherein a saturation magnetization M _r, on the basis of said residual magnetization M _r,
The magnetization rotation angle ω is obtained, and based on a point (H _f , M _f ) on an arbitrary magnetization curve that is equal to or greater than the minimum magnetic field _Hb , the equation (2-5) and the equation (2-6)
From the formula, the anisotropic magnetic field _HA is obtained, and the magnetization rotation angle φ in a high magnetic field is calculated from Newton using formulas (A-2) to (A-4) from formulas (2-1) and (2-2). The method according to claim 17, wherein the magnetization distribution is calculated by a method. 19. The saturation magnetization M _s is equal to the residual magnetization M
_19. The method according to claim 18, wherein _r is twice as large as _r . 20. The method of claim 19, wherein the saturation magnetization M _s is claim and calculating on the basis of the magnetization curve of the low magnetic field 18
3. A method for calculating a magnetization distribution according to item 1. 21. The apparatus according to claim 18, wherein the anisotropic magnetic field _HA is an average value of values calculated for a plurality of points on an arbitrary magnetization curve equal to or _larger than the minimum magnetic field _Hb. The method for calculating the magnetization distribution described above. 22. The anisotropic magnetic field H_A, The magnetization rotation angle
ω, the saturation magnetization M _sBased on the following formula,
And the slope of the tangent at the point of zero magnetic field in the magnetization curve χ_rTo
In the above, the calculation in the complete magnetization curve estimation step is performed.
To show the validity of the magnetization curve at the emitted high magnetic field.
19. The method according to claim 18, wherein the magnetization distribution is calculated. 23. A storage medium storing a control program for causing a computer to implement the magnetization distribution calculation method according to claim 12. A control program for causing a computer to realize the magnetization distribution calculation method according to any one of claims 12 to 22.