JP2002322768A - Waterproof sheet - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a waterproof sheet capable of improving durability by suppressing reduction in a plasticizer and maintaining excellent flexibility for a long term. SOLUTION: This waterproof sheet 10 is formed by putting a plasticizer shut-off layer 13 between upper and lower layers 11 and 12 comprising synthetic resins and laminating them, the upper layer 11 is an UV-shield layer which is high in an UV resistant effect, the lower layer 12 is a waterproof layer which is high in a maintaining effect of flexibility and elasticity, and the plasticizer shut-off layer 13 comprises an inorganic material such as metal foils.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a waterproof sheet which is mainly laid on a flat roof or a balcony of a building and used outdoors.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a waterproof sheet laid in such a manner as to be exposed on a land roof or a balcony of a detached house or the like, a sheet made of a soft synthetic resin such as vinyl chloride resin which is easy to manufacture, has a good appearance and is inexpensive is generally used. It is a target.

When a waterproof sheet made of such a vinyl chloride resin or the like is used outdoors in an exposed state, repeated expansion and contraction due to ultraviolet light, heat in summer, external environment such as rainwater, and temperature change are repeated. (Fatigue), etc., it becomes difficult to grow gradually. As a result, fine cracks are generated on the sheet surface, and the cracks propagate in the in-plane direction, that is, in the depth direction, and eventually break in winter (at a low temperature) when the sheet is hardest to expand and contracts. I often did.

In order to solve such problems, conventionally, measures have been taken to enhance the durability and dimensional stability of the sheet by interposing reinforcing fibers or the like between the middle part of the sheet, that is, the upper and lower layers. Was. When a test in which various loads such as ultraviolet rays, heat, and water are forcibly performed on a sheet in which such reinforcing fibers and the like are interposed, fine cracks are generated over the entire surface of the sheet. It was confirmed that the crack did not reach the back surface. That is, it is understood that the intermediate layer such as reinforcing fibers has a function of preventing propagation of cracks generated on the sheet surface in the depth direction.

However, even in such a sheet,
When actually used for a long period of time, the resin generally loses its flexibility and becomes hard, and eventually breaks in many cases. this is,
It is said that the plasticizer in the vinyl chloride resin gradually evaporates, flows out, and decreases due to the breaking of the molecular chain of the vinyl chloride resin and the reduction of the molecular weight of the vinyl chloride resin by ultraviolet irradiation.
That is, when reinforcing fibers are used as an intermediate layer between the upper and lower layers, the upper and lower layers are in direct contact with each other through the gaps between the reinforcing fibers, and the plasticizer is easily transferred between the upper and lower layers. When the plasticizer in the upper layer gradually starts decreasing from the upper layer and the amount of the plasticizer in the upper layer decreases, it is predicted that the plasticizer in the lower layer moves to the upper layer, and finally the plasticizer in the entire sheet decreases and becomes harder.

Therefore, in recent years, a waterproof sheet has been proposed in which a plasticizer blocking layer for preventing migration of a plasticizer is provided inside the sheet. In this type of waterproof sheet, a synthetic resin film is used as a plasticizer blocking layer, which can be easily fused and adhered to a vinyl chloride resin and can surely separate an upper layer from a lower layer.

[0007]

However, even with a waterproof sheet provided with a plasticizer blocking layer made of a synthetic resin film, the entire sheet may be cured and lose flexibility and stretchability. It is considered that the reason for this is that the plasticizer easily passes through the synthetic resin film because the plasticizer and the plasticizer in the plasticizer blocking layer have similar physical properties. It is expected that by improving the materials and additives of the synthetic resin film, the function of preventing the transfer of the plasticizer will be enhanced, but at present, sufficient reliability has not yet been obtained.

In view of the above, the present invention has been made in view of the above, and a waterproof sheet and a use of the waterproof sheet which can maintain a good flexibility for a long period of time by surely suppressing the reduction of the plasticizer and thereby improve the durability. The purpose is to provide a building.

[0009]

Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a waterproof sheet according to the present invention is a waterproof sheet formed by laminating a plasticizer blocking layer between upper and lower layers made of synthetic resin and laminating them. The plasticizer blocking layer is made of an inorganic material. Specifically, the plasticizer blocking layer is made of a metal foil or plate.

A waterproof sheet according to another invention is a waterproof sheet obtained by laminating a plasticizer blocking layer between upper and lower layers made of a synthetic resin and laminating the plasticizer blocking layer. It is characterized in that a large number of microvoids are formed to keep the contact area with the upper or lower layer of the plasticizer blocking layer small while maintaining the non-contact state between the layer and the lower layer.

Further, the waterproof sheet according to another invention has a plasticizer blocking layer interposed between upper and lower layers made of synthetic resin,
A waterproof sheet obtained by laminating these, wherein the upper layer is an ultraviolet ray shielding layer having a high resistance to ultraviolet rays, and the lower layer is a waterproof layer having a high effect of maintaining flexibility and elasticity. And

A building according to the present invention is characterized in that any one of the above waterproof sheets is laid on a roof or a floor of a balcony.

[0013]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIG. 1, a waterproof sheet (10) according to an embodiment of the present invention includes upper and lower layers (11) (1).
2) A plasticizer blocking layer (13) is interposed therebetween, and these are integrally laminated by heat fusion or the like.

The upper layer (11) is made of a polymerized vinyl chloride resin, and is an ultraviolet shielding layer having a high ultraviolet light resistance. The method of enhancing the ultraviolet light resistance is not limited to the polymerization of the resin, but may be, for example, an appropriate amount of a polymer additive. Further, the upper layer (11) is not limited to a single layer and may be a multilayer.

The lower layer (12) is made of a vinyl chloride resin containing a polymerized plasticizer and is a waterproof layer having a high effect of maintaining flexibility and elasticity. The method for increasing the flexibility and stretchability is not limited to the polymerization of the plasticizer, but may be, for example, an increase in the amount of the plasticizer contained in the vinyl chloride resin. Further, the lower layer (12) is not limited to a single layer and may be a multilayer.

The thicknesses of the upper and lower layers (11) and (12) are each set to 0.
The upper and lower layers (11) (1
The layer thickness ratio of 2) is set in the range of 3: 7 to 7: 3. Specifically, the layer thickness of the upper layer (11) is about 1 mm, and the lower layer (12)
Is set to about 0.7 mm.

The plasticizer blocking layer (13) is made of an iron or other metal foil or plate having good adhesion to the upper and lower layers (11) and (12), and ensures the upper layer (11) and the lower layer (12). It is interposed between the upper and lower layers (11) and (12) so that they do not come into direct contact with each other. The plasticizer blocking layer (13) is not limited to such a metal foil or metal plate material, but includes an upper layer (11) and a lower layer (12).
If they are not brought into direct contact with each other, or even if they are brought into contact, if the contact area is small, fibrous, granular or powdery metals may be used. In addition, inorganic materials other than metals may be used in the same manner as metals.

FIG. 2 shows the transition of the deterioration of the waterproof sheet (10) thus constructed due to long-term use. The upper layer (11), which is an ultraviolet shielding layer, has a plasticizer that gradually decreases. Although cracks are generated, ultraviolet rays are blocked. Even if the crack reaches the plasticizer blocking layer (13), there is no peeling of the upper layer (11) through which ultraviolet rays pass. Therefore, the UV resistance is maintained for a long time.

The plasticizer blocking layer (13) prevents cracks generated in the upper layer (11) from propagating to the lower layer (12), and also prevents the cracks from forming in the lower layer (1).
Prevents migration of plasticizer from 2) to upper layer (11). Therefore,
There is almost no decrease in the plasticizer in the lower layer (12).
2) maintains good flexibility and elasticity for a long time,
The waterproof effect lasts forever. The reason why the plasticizer blocking layer (13) made of an inorganic material such as a metal foil reliably prevents the migration of the plasticizer is that the inorganic material and the plasticizer have completely different physical properties, and the plasticizer blocking layer (13) It is considered that the plasticizer is in a state in which it cannot move inside.

FIG. 3 shows a building on which the above waterproof sheets (10) (10) are constructed. In this building, the roof (2
(0) Non-walking type floor, balcony (21), (22) walking type floor, and even the surface of the shed (23), the above waterproof sheet
(10) (10) ... is laid.

FIG. 4 shows the construction of the waterproof sheet (10) on the non-walking type floor of the roof (20). In the figure,
(25) is ALC, (26) is a gradient heat insulating material. In the case of a walking type floor, a floor finishing material or the like may be further laid on the surface of the waterproof sheet (10). By laying the above waterproof sheets (10) (10) in this way, it is possible to provide a building having excellent waterproof properties for a long period of time.

FIG. 5 shows a waterproof sheet (3) according to another embodiment.
0). The plasticizer blocking layer (3
1) is composed of a large number of synthetic resin particles (32) (32). And, in this plasticizer blocking layer (31), the upper layer (11)
While maintaining the non-contact state of the plasticizer blocking layer (31) with the upper and lower layers (11) and (12) while maintaining the non-contact state between the lower layer (12) and the lower layer (12), a large number of small voids (33) (33). Is formed. The structure of the upper and lower layers (11) and (12) in the waterproof sheet (30) is the same as that of the above-described waterproof sheet (10).
Is also laid in the building like the tarpaulin (10).

By forming the plasticizer blocking layer (31) in this way, propagation of cracks formed in the upper layer (11) to the lower layer (12) is prevented, and the plasticizer blocking layer (31) is removed from the lower layer (12). The path of the plasticizer that escapes to the upper layer (11) through 31) is reduced,
The reduction of the plasticizer in the lower layer (12) can be reduced. Therefore, even though the plasticizer barrier layer (31) made of a synthetic resin is used, the lower layer (12) maintains good flexibility and elasticity over a long period of time, and the waterproof effect is maintained forever.

As the plasticizer blocking layer (31), granules (3
2) Not only the aggregate of (32) but also the upper layer (1) of the plasticizer blocking layer (31) while maintaining the non-contact state between the upper layer (11) and the lower layer (12).
For example, a fibrous or powdery material may be used as long as it forms a large number of microvoids (33) (33)... Which reduce the contact area with 1) or the lower layer (12).

FIGS. 6 and 7 show a waterproof sheet (30) with a plasticizer blocking layer (31) interposed and a prevention sheet with a reinforcing fiber interposed (hereinafter referred to as "fiber composite sheet"). Surface state of both surfaces when UV irradiation test was performed
(Irradiation time 1800 hr) and the change in elongation rate of both. From the test results, in the fiber composite sheet, the occurrence of cracks in the upper layer (see FIG. 6 (a)) and a sharp decrease in elongation (see FIG. 7 (a)) are observed with the irradiation of ultraviolet rays. On the other hand, in the case of the waterproof sheet (30), the occurrence of cracks in the upper layer (11) is worse than in the fiber composite sheet (FIG. 6).
(See (b)), however, the decrease in elongation is significantly suppressed as compared with the fiber composite sheet (see FIG. 7 (b)). That is,
In the waterproof sheet (30), there is almost no migration of the plasticizer from the lower layer (12) to the upper layer (11), so that the upper layer (11) is greatly deteriorated, but the lower layer (12) is less deteriorated and flexible. It can be seen that is maintained.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and it goes without saying that many modifications and changes can be made to the above embodiment within the scope of the present invention.

[0027]

As is apparent from the above description, the waterproof sheet of the present invention has a plasticizer blocking layer made of an inorganic material such as a metal foil or a metal plate interposed between upper and lower layers made of a synthetic resin. Since the plasticizer blocking layer in which the micro voids are formed is interposed, cracks generated in the upper layer are prevented from propagating to the lower layer, and the migration of the plasticizer from the lower layer to the upper layer is reliably prevented, and the lower layer is prevented. , The flexibility and stretchability of the lower layer can be maintained for a long time, and the durability can be improved.

Further, the upper layer is an ultraviolet shielding layer having a high ultraviolet resistance, and the lower layer is a waterproof layer having a high effect of maintaining flexibility and elasticity. Since the plasticizer blocking layer having the function of preventing the transfer of the plasticizer is interposed, the deterioration due to the decrease in the plasticizer in the lower layer can be greatly delayed, whereby the durability can be improved.

Furthermore, if these waterproof sheets are laid on the roof of a building or the floor of a balcony, a building having excellent waterproof properties for a long period of time can be obtained.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a waterproof sheet according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a transition of deterioration due to long-term use of a waterproof sheet.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a building on which a waterproof sheet is laid.

FIG. 4 is a vertical sectional view of a rooftop floor.

FIG. 5A is a cross-sectional view of another waterproof sheet, and FIG. 5B is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a plasticizer blocking layer portion of the same.

FIG. 6 (a) is a photograph showing the surface state of the fiber composite sheet after the ultraviolet irradiation test, and FIG. 6 (b) is a photograph showing the surface state of the waterproof sheet of the present invention after the ultraviolet irradiation test.

7A is a diagram showing a change in elongation of the fiber composite sheet in an ultraviolet irradiation test, and FIG. 7B is a diagram showing a change in elongation of the waterproof sheet of the present invention in an ultraviolet irradiation test.

[Explanation of symbols]

 (10) (30) Waterproof sheet (11) Upper layer (12) Lower layer (13) (31) Plasticizer barrier layer (20) Rooftop (21) (22) Balcony (33) Micro gap

 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuing from the front page (72) Inventor Yoshihiro Tsujimoto 1-88, Oyodonaka, Kita-ku, Osaka Sekisui House Co., Ltd. F-term (reference) 4F100 AA01A AB01B AB33B AK01A AK01C AK15 BA03 BA06 BA10A BA10C CA04B DC11B DG01 GB07 JD09A JD20B JK08C JK17C JL00

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A waterproof sheet formed by laminating a plasticizer blocking layer between upper and lower layers made of a synthetic resin and laminating the plasticizer blocking layer, wherein the plasticizer blocking layer is made of an inorganic material. Sheet. 2. The waterproof sheet according to claim 1, wherein the plasticizer blocking layer is made of a metal foil or plate. 3. A waterproof sheet obtained by laminating a plasticizer blocking layer between upper and lower layers made of a synthetic resin and laminating the plasticizer blocking layer, wherein the plasticizer blocking layer has a non-contact state between an upper layer and a lower layer. A waterproof sheet characterized in that a large number of minute voids are formed while maintaining the area of contact with an upper layer or a lower layer of a plasticizer-blocking layer while maintaining the small area. 4. A waterproof sheet obtained by laminating a plasticizer blocking layer between upper and lower layers made of a synthetic resin and laminating the plasticizer blocking layer, wherein the upper layer is an ultraviolet shielding layer having a high ultraviolet light resistance effect, and the lower layer is Is a waterproof sheet characterized by a waterproof layer having a high effect of maintaining flexibility and elasticity. 5. A building, wherein the waterproof sheet according to claim 1 is laid on a roof or a floor of a balcony.