JP2002320869A - Vertical crusher for producing aggregate - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a vertical crusher for producing aggregate, capable of efficiently producing crushed sand for aggregate, each of the particles of which has radiused corners and accordingly a round shape close to the particle shape of natural sand, in a good yield, while suppressing the formation of fine powder that has <=150 μm particle size and is unsuitable as aggregate. SOLUTION: This vertical crusher is provided with: a rotary table 2 having a dish- like upper surface 2A comprised of a circular horizontal face and an inclined annular face the height of which is gradually increased from the outer peripheral circle of the circular horizontal face toward the outer periphery of the inclined annular face and which has a 1-30 deg. inclination; and crushing rollers 3 each of which is provided with two peripheral faces that are formed so as to have different inclinations in relation to the rotary shaft of the roller 3 from each other, and brought into contact with a part of the circular horizontal face and a part of the inclined annular face of the table 2, respectively. Thus, any short passage phenomenon can effectively be prevented from being caused without increasing the amount of fine powder unsuitable as aggregate, and thereby the amount of a crushed material having large particle size can be minimized and also the amount of a material to be re-crushed by the crusher can be reduced and accordingly, the energy consumption for the crushing can be reduced.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a vertical crusher for producing crushed sand mainly for crushing raw materials such as granite, andesite, serpentine, hard sandstone and the like to produce aggregates such as crushed sand. An object of the present invention is to provide a vertical crusher for aggregate suitable for producing crushed sand as an aggregate raw material such as concrete aggregate.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a vertical crusher has been used in producing aggregates by crushing raw stones such as granite, andesite, serpentine, and hard sandstone. The vertical pulverizer includes a casing forming an outer shell, a rotary table driven and rotated by an electric motor or the like, and an outer peripheral portion of an upper surface of the rotary table (sometimes referred to as a rotary table upper surface) in a circumferential direction. A plurality of crushing rollers disposed at equally dividing positions, wherein the crushing roller is connected to a hydraulic cylinder via an arm rotatably mounted on the casing, and is connected to the hydraulic cylinder. The operation is such that the rotary table is pressed in the direction of the upper surface of the rotary table, driven by the upper surface of the rotary table via the raw material, and rotated.

[0003] Above the rotary table of the casing,
A raw material input port for inputting a raw material to be crushed is provided on the upper surface of the rotary table, and when the raw material is input from the raw material input port to the upper surface of the rotary table, the input raw material is removed from the upper surface of the rotary table. And the crushing roller, the crushed material is crushed, and the crushed raw material passes over a dam ring provided around the outer edge of the upper surface of the rotary table, falls below the rotary table, and falls below the rotary table. Are taken out of the vertical pulverizer as pulverized products from a lower outlet provided in the pulverizer.

Further, the casing is provided with a gas inlet for introducing gas below the rotary table,
An upper outlet is provided above the turntable to discharge the gas. During the operation of the vertical pulverizer, gas is introduced from the gas inlet to generate a gas flow of gas upward from below the rotary table in the casing. Therefore, the fine powder having a small diameter is blown up among the raw materials that have passed over the dam ring, rises in the casing, and is extracted as a small amount of fine powder from the upper outlet.

[0005] The pulverized product taken out from the lower outlet is
It is conveyed to a classifier such as a sieve to be classified and separated into coarse particles (sometimes called coarse powder) and fine particles (sometimes called fine powder). After the fine powder is taken out, the fine powder is removed by a means such as pneumatic classification or water washing to obtain a product, and the coarse particles are again fed into a vertical mill, where they are again ground.

[0006] The pulverized product pulverized by the vertical pulverizer is:
During the pulverization, the upper surface of the rotary table and the pulverizing roller simultaneously strongly receive the compressing action and the shearing action, and are crushed to form a rounded and rounded particle shape, thereby obtaining a shape close to natural sand. In addition, if crushed sand having rounded and rounded particles is used as an aggregate such as crushed sand for concrete, the fluidity of the concrete at the time of construction is good, so that crushed sand having high added value is obtained.

[0007]

However, many of the pulverized products produced by the conventional vertical pulverizer are taken out of the pulverizer without being sufficiently pulverized. Particularly, the raw material is not caught by the pulverizing roller. When a phenomenon called a short path occurs in which the material passes through the rotary table at once and is discharged outside the machine without being crushed, there is a problem that a very large crushed material is taken out of the machine.
The large crushed material discharged outside the machine by the short pass,
Thereafter, the mixture is separated by a classifier and crushed again. However, this step is not preferable from the viewpoint of energy saving, and it has been required to minimize the amount of crushed material to be crushed again. As a method of solving this problem, there is a method of extremely increasing the height of the dam ring, but this solution has a problem that the generation of fine powder of 150 μm or less which is unsuitable as an aggregate is extremely increased. I was

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and relates to a vertical crusher for producing aggregate, which crushes rough stone to produce crushed sand, and is particularly suitable for an aggregate material such as concrete aggregate. The present invention relates to an operation method of a vertical pulverizer for producing aggregate, which produces rounded, rounded and granular crushed sand at a high yield.

[0009]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a vertical crusher for producing aggregate according to the present invention comprises: (1) a rotatable crushing roller disposed on an upper surface of a rotary table; To the top of the rotary table,
In a vertical aggregate crusher for manufacturing aggregate by crushing an ore charged on the upper surface of the rotary table between the upper surface of the rotary table and the peripheral surface of a crushing roller, the upper surface of the rotary table is a circular horizontal surface. An annular inclined surface that rises outward from the outer periphery of the circular horizontal surface is formed in a dish shape, and the inclination angle of the annular inclined surface is in a range from 1 degree to 30 degrees,
The crushing roller forms two peripheral surfaces having different inclination angles with respect to the rotation axis of the crushing roller, and the peripheral surface of the crushing roller contacts a part of the circular horizontal plane and a part of the annular inclined surface. Configured.

[0010]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of a vertical crusher 1 (sometimes referred to as a vertical crusher 1) for producing aggregates according to the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. 1 to 3 show an embodiment according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural explanatory view for explaining the structure of a vertical crusher. FIG. 2 is a flow sheet of a sand crusher using a vertical crusher. FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram for explaining the shape of the crushing roller of the vertical crusher. FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram for explaining the shape of a crushing roller of a conventional vertical crusher.

The vertical pulverizer 1 used in the present embodiment comprises:
As shown in FIG. 1, a casing 1A forming an outer shell of a vertical crusher 1 and a turntable 2 rotated by being driven by an electric motor via a speed reducer 2B installed below the crusher.
And a plurality of crushing rollers 3 arranged at positions that equally divide the outer peripheral portion of the rotating table upper surface 2A, which is the upper surface of the rotating table, in the circumferential direction. Arm 6 rotatably mounted on the upper arm 6
And a lower arm 6A formed integrally with the upper arm 6 and connected to a piston rod 9 of a hydraulic cylinder 8, which is pressed in the direction of the rotary table upper surface 2A by the operation of the hydraulic cylinder 8 to thereby rotate the rotary table upper surface 2A. The rotation is driven by the material to be ground.

The rotary table upper surface 2 of the casing 1A
In the upper part of the center of A, a raw material inlet 35 and a raw material charging chute 13 for charging the raw material to the rotary table upper surface 2A are provided. And the charged raw material is supplied to the turntable upper surface 2A.
, The rotary table upper surface 2A moves to the outer peripheral portion of the rotary table upper surface 2A while drawing a spiral trajectory, and is caught and ground by the rotary table upper surface 2A and the crushing roller 3.

The raw material bitten by the rotary table upper surface 2A and the crushing roller 3 passes over the dam ring 15 provided around the outer edge of the rotary table upper surface 2A, and the outer peripheral portion of the rotary table upper surface 2A. To the annular passage 30 (which may be referred to as an annular space portion 30) which is a gap between the casing 1A and the lower portion of the vertical passage 1 as a pulverized product. The structure is taken out.

The casing 1A is provided with a gas inlet 33 for introducing a gas below the rotary table 2 and an upper outlet 39 for discharging the gas above the rotary table. During operation of the vertical pulverizer 1, gas (air in this embodiment) is introduced from the gas inlet 33, and a gas flow is generated in the casing 1A from the lower part of the rotary table to the upper part. I have. Therefore, the fine powder having a small diameter in the raw material that has passed over the dam ring is blown up, rises in the casing 1A, and is discharged as fine powder from the upper outlet 39. The amount of the fine powder to be taken out is small as in the conventional case, and in the present embodiment, the amount of the introduced gas is adjusted to be about 2 to 5%.

Further, in the vertical pulverizer 1 of the present embodiment, a pressure gauge (not shown) is attached so that the tension pressure P1 applied to the oil chamber on the rod side of the hydraulic cylinder 8 can be measured. The structure is such that the tension pressure P1 can always be measured.

The value measured by the pressure gauge is converted by an amplifier and sent to a control panel which is a pressure control device of the crushing roller. The control panel is composed of a calculator, a comparator, a setting device, etc., calculates the measured value, compares it with the set value set in the setting device in advance, and based on the result, presses the crushing roller. The configuration is such that the pressure of the pressure oil sent to the hydraulic cylinder 8 of the hydraulic device 36 can be controlled.

The shape of the crushing roller 3 and the shape of the rotary table 2 used in the present embodiment will be described below. As shown in FIG. 3, the rotary table 2 used in the present embodiment has a rotary table upper surface 2A, which is the upper surface thereof, formed of a circular horizontal surface and an annular inclined surface that increases from the outer peripheral circle toward the outer periphery at an inclination angle θa. Formed in a dish shape. The tilt angle θa of the rotary table upper surface 2A in the present invention is represented by the tilt angle of the rotary table upper surface 2A with respect to the horizontal plane.

Further, the crushing roller 3 forms two circumferential surfaces having different inclination angles with respect to the rotation axis of the crushing roller 3, and the two circumferential surfaces are separated from each other at a point of 0.5 W with respect to the width W of the crushing roller 3. The faces were different. Note that an angle between a line perpendicular to the rotation axis of the crushing roller 3 and a vertical line is θb (15 degrees in the present embodiment). Here, the peripheral surface on the tip end side of the crushing roller 3 is configured to have an inclination angle θb so as to be in contact with a horizontal portion (part of a circular horizontal plane) on the upper surface of the rotary table 2 when pressed against the rotary table 2. In addition, the peripheral surface on the root side of the crushing roller 3 is configured to be in contact with an annular inclined surface that increases toward the outer periphery at an angle of θa (20 degrees in the present embodiment). As shown in FIG. 3, the inclination angle θb of the peripheral surface of the crushing roller 3 in the present invention is represented by the inclination angle of the crushing roller 3 with respect to the rotation axis.

Here, the shape of the crushing roller 3 which comes into contact with the generally horizontal rotary table 2 is superior in terms of the biteability of the raw material. However, in the conical type crushing roller 3 as shown in FIG. 4A, since the residence time of the object to be crushed on the rotary table 2 cannot be long, the raw material which is not sufficiently crushed as described above Is often taken out of the machine, which causes the above-mentioned problem such as occurrence of a short path. If the entire peripheral surface of the crushing roller is brought into contact with an inclined surface that rises toward the outer periphery in order to lengthen the residence time, the raw material is poor in biting properties, which causes vibration of the apparatus. In the case of the spherical type grinding roller 3 as shown in FIG. 4 (2), there is a disadvantage that the raw material is excessively pulverized and fine powder is easily generated.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the present invention is configured such that the peripheral surface of the tip side of the crushing roller 3 which largely affects the biting property of the raw material is in contact with the horizontal surface of the rotary table 2 so that the crushing of the material to be crushed is performed. In addition, the dwell time is increased by improving the squeezing property and by contacting the peripheral surface on the root side of the crushing roller 3 with an annular inclined surface that rises toward the outer periphery of the turntable 2.

If the inclination angle θa of the inclined surface which rises toward the outer periphery is less than 1 degree, the effect of increasing the residence time is substantially lost, and if the inclination angle θa exceeds 30 degrees, the residence time is reduced. Is too long, which is not suitable for producing aggregates and the like. Therefore, it is preferable that the angle of the inclined surface is 30 degrees or less. The angle θa is 10 to 30.
It is particularly preferable to be within the range of degrees, and within this range, the effect of preventing a short path and lengthening the residence time is particularly high. In order to effectively exhibit the effects of the present invention, the boundary of the peripheral surface is set to a position of 0.3 to 0.75 W with respect to the width W of the crushing roller 3 as shown in FIG. Is preferred.

Next, a flow sheet of a sand crusher using the vertical crusher 1 will be described with reference to FIG. The sand crushing apparatus used in the embodiment of the present invention includes a raw material hopper 42, a vertical crusher 1 sieve classifier 20, a bag filter 46, an exhaust fan 45, an air classifier 50, an exhaust fan 55, and the like. The sieve classifier 20 includes a primary screen 20A, a secondary screen 20B, and a hopper 20.
C and the like.

Here, the raw material charged into the raw material hopper 42 is connected so that it can be charged into the vertical grinder 1 through a raw material inlet 35, and the raw material pulverized by the vertical grinder 1 is a pulverized product. As a result, the pulverized product is taken out of the vertical pulverizer 1 through the lower outlet 34 and is taken out. The taken out pulverized product is the primary screen 20A of the sieve classification device 20 (in the present embodiment, the size of the screen mesh is vertical. (5 mm, width 5 mm).

The sieve classifier 20 includes a primary screen 20
A and the secondary screen 20B (in the present embodiment, the size of the screen mesh is 3.5 mm in height and 3.5 mm in width)
The input pulverized product is classified twice, and the raw material having a large particle size that cannot pass through the primary screen 20A is transferred to the raw material input port 3 through a transport device such as a bucket elevator 41.
5 to the vertical pulverizer 1 so that it can be pulverized again. Note that the pulverized product that has passed through the secondary screen of the classification device 20 is configured to be fed into the pneumatic classification device 50 and is classified there.

An operation method of the vertical pulverizer 1 according to the present embodiment having the above-described configuration will be described below. Raw material (granite in the present embodiment), which is a raw material charged into the vertical crusher 1 from the raw material hopper 42, is fed from a raw material input port 35 provided at a central upper portion of the upper surface 2 </ b> A of the rotary table of the vertical crusher 1. 13, it is thrown into the center of the turntable upper surface 2A from above the turntable upper surface 2A.

The input raw material is supplied to the turntable upper surface 2A.
When the centrifugal force is generated by the rotation, the rotary table upper surface 2A moves to the outer periphery of the rotary table upper surface 2A while drawing a spiral trajectory, and the rotary table upper surface 2A and the rotary table upper surface 2A And is crushed by being crushed between the crushing roller 3 and the crushing roller 3.

Most of the pulverized raw material bitten by the rotary table upper surface 2A and the pulverizing roller 3 has a dam ring 1
5 and is thrown out of the annular passage 30 between the outer peripheral surface of the rotary table 2A and the inner peripheral surface of the casing 1A and falls down the annular passage 30. Taken out to

At this time, in the vertical pulverizer 1 according to the present invention, the raw material can be easily bitten between the pulverizing roller 3 and the rotary table, and the raw material is gradually reduced by the annular inclined surface rising toward the outer periphery. The dwell time can be adjusted by damming. Even if the input raw material tries to pass through the rotary table at a dash, it cannot hit the inclined surface of the upper surface 2A of the rotary table, and therefore cannot make a short pass.

As described above, it is possible to prevent the short path by making the dam ring 15 extremely high. However, if the dam ring 15 is made extremely high to prevent the short path, the dam ring 15 stays on the turntable 2A. The layer thickness of the raw material becomes extremely thick, and as a result, the residence time becomes too long, and the raw material is excessively crushed, thereby causing a problem that a large amount of fine powder unsuitable as crushed sand for aggregate is generated. .

In comparison, the vertical pulverizer 1 of the present embodiment
Then, the residence time of the raw material on the rotary table can be adjusted without impairing the biteability of the raw material by the above-described operation, and the raw material can be pulverized as needed. Therefore, a phenomenon called a short path can be effectively prevented without excessively crushing the raw material.

The vertical pulverizer 1 of this embodiment has three pulverizing rollers and a table rotation speed of 73 RP.
M, the center diameter D of the grinding roller is 0.4 m, the diameter T of the table is 0.64 m, and the height of the dam ring 15 is about 20 mm from the table upper surface 2A.

The pulverized material taken out of the vertical pulverizer 1 through the lower outlet port 34 through the pulverizing process as described above is introduced into a sieve classifier 20 and classified. The pulverized material having a large particle size that cannot pass through the primary screen 20A in the sieve-type classification device 20 is re-input into the vertical pulverizer 1 from the raw material input port 35 via a transport device such as a bucket elevator 41, and is pulverized again. You. And the crushed product which passed only the primary screen and could not pass the secondary screen,
It is taken out as crushed sand for aggregate suitable for aggregate and becomes the product as it is.

The pulverized material that has passed through the secondary screen is introduced into a pneumatic classifier 50. The pneumatic classifier 50 is
By pneumatic classification, fine powder of 150 μm or less is removed by a predetermined ratio from the pulverized material that has passed through the secondary screen, so that the crushed sand with the amount of fine powder of 150 μm or less reduced to 10% or less is crushed sand suitable for aggregate. The product is taken out from below the device 50 to obtain a product.

The fine powder having a size of 150 μm or less removed by the pneumatic classification device 50 is unsuitable as crushed sand for aggregate, and thus is used as crushed sand used for other purposes (for example, for roadbed).

In the sand crushing apparatus using the vertical crusher 1 of the present embodiment, the short path is effectively prevented by the above-described operation without effectively increasing unsuitable fine powder as aggregate. Next screen 20A
It is possible to reduce as much as possible the pulverized material having a large particle size that cannot pass through.

[0036]

As described above, the vertical pulverizer for producing aggregate according to the present invention can effectively prevent a short path without increasing unsuitable fine powder as an aggregate by the above-described operation. This has a remarkable effect that it is possible to reduce the amount of pulverized material having a large particle diameter as much as possible and to reduce the amount of pulverized material to be pulverized again by the vertical pulverizer, thereby achieving energy saving.

Further, according to the sand crushing apparatus using the vertical pulverizer for producing aggregate according to the present invention, 150 μm unsuitable as aggregate is used.
Since the generation of fine powder of m or less is small, the yield of the crushed sand for the aggregate is good, and the crushed sand can be efficiently produced.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural explanatory view for explaining a structure of a vertical crusher according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a flow sheet of a sand crusher using a vertical crusher according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a shape of a crushing roller of the vertical crusher according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram for explaining the shape of a crushing roller of a conventional vertical crusher, wherein (1) shows a case of a conical type, and (2) shows a case of a spherical type.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Vertical grinder 2 Rotary table 2A Rotary table upper surface 3 Grinding roller 6 Upper arm 6A Lower arm 13 Raw material input chute 15 Dam ring 35 Raw material input port D Central diameter of crush roller W Width of crush roller W

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A rotatable crushing roller is arranged on the upper surface of a rotary table, and the crushed roller is pressed against the upper surface of the rotary table, so that the ore put on the upper surface of the rotary table is brought into contact with the upper surface of the rotary table and the peripheral surface of the crushing roller. In the vertical type pulverizer for producing aggregate by pulverizing the rotary table, an upper surface of the rotary table is formed into a circular horizontal surface and an annular inclined surface which rises outward from an outer periphery of the circular horizontal surface. Formed into
The angle of inclination of the annular inclined surface is in a range of 1 degree to 30 degrees, and the crushing roller forms two peripheral surfaces having different inclination angles with respect to the rotation axis of the crushing roller. A vertical crusher for producing aggregates, wherein a peripheral surface is shaped to be in contact with a part of the circular horizontal surface and a part of the annular inclined surface.