JP2002317510A - Fire resisting construction for building - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide the fire resisting construction for building in which fire resisting performance can be ensured and design properties can be improved and natural light can also be taken in sufficiently. SOLUTION: The fire resisting construction for building has a fire detecting means detecting the outbreak of a fire in the building 1 and fire-resisting members 20 being moved so as to be abutted against the internal surface of the exterior wall of the building 1 and forming a fire-resisting partition when the fire is detected by the fire detecting means. Since the fire-resisting members 20 are abutted against the internal surface of the exterior wall only in the case of the fire and the fire-resisting partition is formed, the fire-resisting partition is not formed in the case of normality in addition to the sufficient ensuring of the required fire resisting performance, thus forming a section between upper and lower floor panels 3 in a continuous space. Accordingly, the section between the floor panels 3 can be constituted by arranging one curtain wall unit 10, design properties can be improved while a view can be enhanced and sufficient natural light can also be taken in.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a fireproof structure of a building, and can be used, for example, for a fireproof structure for preventing a fire from spreading in a curtain wall portion.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In buildings such as buildings, floors, walls, and the like are made of fire-resistant structures to prevent fire spread in the event of a fire, thereby constituting a fire protection compartment. The outer wall of such a building is often formed of a curtain wall (non-bearing wall), and it is necessary to adopt a structure for preventing the curtain wall from spreading.

More specifically, in order to prevent a fire from spreading to an upper floor in the event of a fire, as shown in FIG. 8, a portion including a portion in contact with a floor 71 of a fire prevention section is provided at a predetermined height H (90 cm in the Building Standard Law).
These parts must be partitioned by a fire-resistant structural material (fire-resistant panel) 72. In FIG. 8, the gap between the fire-resistant structural material 72 and the floor 71 is closed with an interlayer covering material 73 made of mortar, rock wool, or the like, so that the same fire resistance as the floor is secured.

As another method, as shown in FIG. 9, a predetermined dimension L (50 cm in the Building Standard Law) is measured from the outer wall surface.
It is also possible to adopt a structure that can prevent the spread of fire by forming the protruding eaves 75 of the fire-resistant structure, the floor, the sleeve wall, and the like continuously on the floor 71 of the fire prevention compartment.

[0005]

By the way, in a recent building, by adopting a glass curtain wall in which a curtain wall portion is constituted by a glass panel, it is possible to improve the visibility from the room and improve the design. In some cases, natural light is designed to enter the room sufficiently.

However, as shown in FIG. 8, when a floor portion or the like is partitioned by a refractory structural member 72 having a predetermined height, the refractory structural member 72 is disposed on the indoor side of the curtain wall. In order to prevent the material 72 from being visually recognized from the outside, a panel material other than a glass panel such as a fire-resistant panel was incorporated into the curtain wall disposed outside the fire-resistant structural material 72.

For this reason, when another curtain wall is formed of a glass panel, there is a problem that the sense of unity of the design is impaired. Further, since an area in which the fire-resistant structural material 72 is arranged is provided for each floor, the area where the glass panel can be arranged on the entire outer wall is reduced, the efficiency of capturing natural light is reduced, and the view from the room is also reduced. There were also problems.

On the other hand, when the eaves 75 are provided as shown in FIG. 9, since the eaves 75 are provided for each floor, the external design is restricted, and the efficiency of taking in natural light by the eaves 75 is reduced. Also, there was a similar problem that the view was reduced.

[0009] Such a problem is not limited to the case where the fire protection compartments are formed on the floors of the upper and lower floors, and the same applies to the case where the wall portions partitioning the rooms on the same floor are fire protection compartments. It also occurs when a fire protection compartment is formed by arranging structural materials, or when a fire protection compartment is formed by a sleeve wall protruding outside.

[0010] It is an object of the present invention to provide a fire-resistant structure of a building which can ensure fire-resistant performance, improve design, and sufficiently take in natural light.

[0011]

A fire-resistant structure for a building according to the present invention is a fire-resistant structure for preventing a fire from spreading in a building, comprising: fire detection means for detecting the occurrence of a fire in the building; And a refractory member which is movable (moved) so as to come into contact with the inner surface of the outer wall of the building when a fire is detected by the means to form a refractory section. In addition,
As the means for moving (moving) the refractory member, various actuators for rotating, sliding, expanding and contracting the refractory member can be used.

According to the present invention, when a fire is detected, the fire-resistant member is brought into contact with the inner surface of the outer wall to form a fire-resistant section, so that in the event of a fire, the necessary fire-resistant performance is sufficiently ensured. it can. In addition, in normal times (when no fire has occurred), no fire-resistant compartment is formed, and a continuous space can be formed between floors and walls, which are fire-protected compartments. For this reason, since there is no area partitioned by the fire-resistant structural material as in the related art, it is not necessary to separately cover that part with a panel material. For example, it is also possible to arrange a panel between floors to form a curtain wall. It can improve the design. Furthermore, since there is no area hidden by the fire-resistant structural material on the outer wall, if the outer wall is formed of a glass curtain wall, the view can be improved and natural light can be sufficiently captured.

A fire-resistant structure of a building according to the present invention is a fire-resistant structure for preventing a fire from spreading in a building, wherein a fire detecting means for detecting the occurrence of a fire in the building and a fire are detected by the fire detecting means. And a refractory member that is moved so as to protrude from the outer wall surface of the building when the refractory section is formed.

[0014] In the present invention as well, when a fire is detected, the fireproof member is projected from the outer wall surface to form an eave-like or sleeve-wall-like fireproof section. Sufficient fire resistance can be ensured. In addition, at normal times, the refractory member does not protrude from the outer wall,
The design can be improved, and if the outer wall is made of a glass curtain wall, there is no fireproof member that prevents the view of the eaves and sleeve walls, so the view can be improved and natural light can be sufficiently captured.

At this time, the refractory member is built in a wall material (for example, a hanging wall) protruding from a floor or a wall constituting a fire protection section of the building and disposed away from the inner surface of the outer wall to the indoor side. It is preferable that a fire-resistant section is formed by the fire-resistant member and the wall material when the abutment is in contact with the inner surface of the outer wall.

If such a fire-resistant section is made up of a wall material and a fire-resistant member, the movable fire-resistant member can be minimized in size, and can be driven quickly.

Further, it is preferable that the refractory member is arranged on a floor of a building so as to prevent fire from spreading on upper and lower floors of the building. If the fire-resistant structure of the present invention is provided on the floor of a building, the view and the capture of natural light can be effectively improved.

[0018]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows an outer wall portion of a building 1 to which the fire-resistant structure of the present invention is applied. Building 1
A skeleton 2 made of H-shaped steel coated with a fireproof is provided, on which a floor panel 3 made of concrete is placed and fixed to form a floor of a building. The floor panel 3 has a slab thickness of 100 mm or more, and is a floor having a fireproof structure capable of fire resistance for 2 hours. This floor constitutes a fire protection section.

Below the floor panel 3, a ceiling panel 4 is suspended from and supported by the skeleton 2, and forms a ceiling of the building. A floor panel 5 is mounted on the floor panel 3.

The outer wall of the building 1 is constituted by a unit type curtain wall in which a plurality of curtain wall units 10 are combined. Curtain wall unit 1
2, a frame formed by combining an upper frame 11, a lower frame 12, and left and right vertical frames 13 in a square frame shape, and a face material 15 held on the inner peripheral surface of the frame, as shown in FIG.
It is comprised including. Here, as the surface material 15, various panels such as a transparent glass panel, a heat ray reflection glass panel, and a metal panel can be used. In the present embodiment, a transparent heat ray reflection glass is used.

A bracket 16 is bolted to the upper frame 11 of the curtain wall unit 10, and the bracket 16 is fixed to the fastener 1 fixed to the frame 2 side.
7, the curtain wall unit 1
Numeral 0 is suspended and supported by the frame 2. The upper and lower curtain wall units 10 are engaged with each other by a joint member (not shown) arranged between the upper frame 11 and the lower frame 12. Thereby, the upper frame 1 fixed to the frame 2 by the bracket 16 and the fastener 17
On the other hand, the lower frame 12 of each curtain wall unit 10 arranged on the upper side is locked so as not to move in the indoor and outdoor directions.

From the lower surface of the floor panel 3 to the ceiling panel 4,
A hanging wall panel 6 constituting a hanging wall is bridged.
The hanging body panel 6 covers the skeleton 2 so as not to be exposed to the indoor space. The hanging wall panel 6 is disposed at a predetermined distance from the curtain wall unit 10 on the indoor side and is provided in parallel with the outer wall surface, and an upper panel 6A and a lower panel 6A from the upper panel 6A to the ceiling panel 4. And a lower panel 6B which is inclined obliquely downward so as to be located closer to the indoor side as it goes.

The lower panel 6B of the hanging wall panel 6 is provided with a fireproof panel 20 as a fireproof member whose one end is rotatably attached to the hanging wall panel 6. The fireproof panel 20 is configured to be rotatable from a state in which it is closely (built-in) to the hanging wall panel 6 to a state in which the other end is in contact with the curtain wall unit 10 (the state shown by a two-dot chain line in FIG. 2). ing.

Various mechanisms can be used as a mechanism for rotating the fire-resistant panel 20. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the motor 25 is connected to a rotation shaft 20A of the fire-resistant panel 20 via a gear or the like. The fireproof panel 20 is rotated by controlling the motor 25 by the controller 26. Specifically, the fire detector 30 installed in the building 1
When a fire is detected by the controller 2, the controller 2
6, the motor 25 is driven to rotate the refractory panel 20 until its lower end contacts the curtain wall unit 10.

The lower end of the refractory panel 20 (rotating shaft 20)
A on the other end opposite to the one end provided with A, so that the refractory panel 20 does not damage the face material 15 when it comes into contact with the face material (glass) 15 of the curtain wall unit 10.
A rubber cushioning material 21 is attached. The fireproof panel 20 is made of a material having a predetermined fireproof performance such as a calcium silicate plate.

As shown in FIG. 2, in the hanging wall panel 6, rock wool,
A refractory coating material 7 made of a calcium silicate plate or the like is attached by spraying or pasting to cover the hanging wall panel 6. The refractory coating 7 is also attached to the lower surface of the floor panel 3 and is provided in contact with the floor panel 3 which is a fire protection compartment. In addition, an electric blind 31 is also arranged on the lower surface of the floor panel 3 covered with the fireproof covering material 7.

In the present invention, the fireproof panel 20 is normally housed in close contact with the hanging wall panel 6. For this reason, the curtain wall unit 10
A continuous space is formed from the floor panel 3 to the floor panel 3 on the upper floor on the indoor side. Therefore, the curtain wall unit 10 having a height corresponding to this space, that is, a unit having the height of the floor panel 3 from the floor panel 3 on the upper and lower floors can be used. At this time, since the fireproof section of the curtain wall unit 10 has only the height dimension H2 of the floor panel 3 and the fireproof covering material 7 on the lower surface of the floor panel 3, a predetermined dimension (90 cm) defined by the Building Standards Law.
Is not secured.

When a fire occurs in the building 1 and the fire is detected by the fire detector 30, the motor 26 is driven by the controller 26 and the fireproof panel 20 is brought into contact with the curtain wall unit 10, that is, as shown in FIG. It is rotated to the state of the two-dot chain line.

Then, the curtain wall unit 10 is covered with the fireproof covering material 7 and the fireproof panel 20.
A fireproof section (fireproof section) in contact with the floor panel 3 is formed. The height dimension H1 of this fire prevention section is from the tip of the fireproof panel 20 to the upper surface of the floor panel 3, and has a predetermined dimension (9
0 cm) and can function well as a fire compartment.

When the fire is extinguished and the fire detector 30 is reset, the controller 26
5 is driven, and the refractory panel 20 is returned to a position where it comes into close contact with the hanging wall panel 6.

When the refractory panel 20 is arranged across a plurality of curtain wall units 10 in the width direction (in the direction of appearance) of the curtain wall unit 10, the refractory panel 20 contacts the vertical frame 13 of the curtain wall unit 10. The contacting portion may be formed such that a concave cutout portion is provided in the fireproof panel 20 according to the depth dimension, and the fireproof panel 20 is arranged along the face material 15 and the vertical frame 13 of the curtain wall unit 10. .

According to this embodiment, the following effects can be obtained. (1) In normal use, the fireproof panel 20 is attached to the hanging wall panel 6.
Since it is housed in a portion, the space between the upper and lower floor panels 3 can be formed as a continuous space. For this reason, since there is no area partitioned by the refractory structural material as in the related art, it is not necessary to arrange two curtain wall units between the upper and lower floor panels 3, and one curtain wall unit 10 is connected between the floor panels 3. It can be arranged over. Accordingly, the number of curtain wall units 10 to be installed is reduced, and the workability at the time of installation can be improved.

(2) Since the outer wall from the floor panel 3 to the floor panel 3 can be constituted by one curtain wall unit 10, the fireproof panel is provided in the area (the waist) where the fireproof structural material is arranged, as in the related art. And the degree of freedom of design can be increased as compared with the case where another curtain wall unit is provided in the opening. In particular, in the above-described embodiment, since the face material 15 is made of the transparent heat ray reflective glass, the entire upper and lower floors can be realized as a whole glass, that is, a glass facade of a floor to floor. Performance can be improved.

(3) Further, the curtain wall unit 1
Since the height dimension of the indoor space along 0 can be increased, it is possible to configure an indoor space that has high viewability and can take in plenty of natural light, and improves the comfort of the indoor space.

(4) In the event of a fire, the fireproof panel 20 is rotated to automatically form a fireproof section having a predetermined height, so that sufficient fireproof performance can be obtained. In addition, since the rotation of the fireproof panel 20 is performed by the motor 25 or the like,
It can be realized with a simple configuration, the increase in cost can be suppressed, and the fireproof structure of the present embodiment can be realized at relatively low cost.

(5) Since the fireproof panel 20 is automatically rotated in response to the detection by the fire detector 30, it is possible to reliably form a fire prevention section when a fire occurs, and to spread the fire, especially to the upper floor. The occurrence of fire spread can be prevented.

Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
This will be described with reference to FIG. In the following embodiments, the same or equivalent components as those in the above embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and the like, and description thereof will be omitted or simplified. In the present embodiment, the refractory panel 20 is not brought into contact with the curtain wall unit 10 by rotation as in the first embodiment, but is brought into contact by sliding movement.

That is, the fireproof panel 20 is normally
It is arranged in the space on the side of the skeleton 2 covered with the hanging wall panel 6, and when a fire occurs, it is pushed out of the room by a predetermined actuator and abuts on the curtain wall unit 10 to form a fire prevention section. It is configured. Therefore, the refractory covering material 7 is stuck on the hanging wall panel 6 from the lower surface of the floor panel 3 to the projecting opening from which the refractory panel 20 projects.

The actuator for moving (moving) the fireproof panel 20 toward the curtain wall unit 10 includes, for example, an actuator using a motor and a rack, an actuator using various springs such as a coil spring and a stopper,
Various actuators such as one using a piston and a cylinder and a fluid, one using an electromagnet, and the like can be used.

In this embodiment, the same effects (1) to (5) as in the first embodiment can be obtained. (6) In addition, since the movement of the refractory panel 20 is linear, it is possible to move the refractory panel 20 more quickly by devising the actuator than in the case of turning.

Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In the present embodiment, the fire protection compartment is formed on the indoor side of the curtain wall unit 10 in each of the above embodiments, whereas an eaves-like fire protection compartment is formed on the exterior side of the outer wall. That is, in the present embodiment, the refractory panel 20 is disposed on the floor panel 3 (the upper surface of the floor panel 3), and is configured to be slidable to the outside of the room by a predetermined actuator similar to the second embodiment. .

When a fire occurs, the fireproof panel 20
Is moved by the actuator so as to protrude from the outer wall, and is arranged in an eaves shape as shown by a two-dot chain line in FIG. If the protrusion dimension L1 from the outer wall surface at this time is set to a predetermined size (50 cm) or more, a fireproof eave (floor) is formed, and a fire prevention section is formed.

In this embodiment as well, since it is not necessary to form a fire protection section having a predetermined height in the indoor space, the same operation and effect as (1) to (3) of the first embodiment can be obtained. Can be. When a fire occurs, the fireproof panel 20
Is moved by the actuator, so that the same operation and effect as (5) and (6) of each of the above embodiments can be obtained.

(7) In addition, in the conventional fire protection section in the form of an eaves shown in FIG. 9, since the eaves 75 always protrude from the outer wall, the external design is restricted. However, in the present embodiment, only when a fire occurs, Since the fireproof panel 20 protrudes and is normally housed inside the outer wall and does not protrude than the outer wall, the degree of freedom of the external design of the outer wall of the building 1 is increased, and the design property can be improved.

Next, a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In the present embodiment, when an eave-like fire protection section is formed outside the room on the outer wall, the fireproof panel 20 is rotated to form an eave-like shape.

That is, in this embodiment, the fireproof panel 20 is arranged along the outer wall. When a fire occurs, the refractory panel 20 is rotated by a predetermined actuator such as a motor similar to the first embodiment,
As shown by a two-dot chain line in FIG. At this time, the protrusion dimension L1 from the outer wall surface is set to a predetermined dimension (50c
m) or more, an eave (floor) having a fire-resistant structure is formed to form a fire protection compartment.

In this embodiment, as in the third embodiment, (1) to (1) of each of the above embodiments are used.
The same operational effects as (5) and (7) can be obtained. (8) In addition, unlike the third embodiment, since the fireproof panel 20 is not disposed on the indoor side, the indoor space can be more effectively used, and the waterproof performance and the like can be improved.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. For example, in the first embodiment, as a mechanism for rotating the fireproof panel 20, as shown in FIG. 7, the lower end side of the fireproof panel 20 is moved in the indoor / outdoor direction by using a drive arm 50 and rotated. A mechanism may be used.
Similarly, in each of the above-described embodiments, the mechanism for rotating or sliding the refractory panel 20 may be appropriately set for implementation.

The surface material of the curtain wall unit 10 is not limited to the heat ray reflective glass panel, but may be a general glass panel, a tempered glass panel, or a metal panel. Further, the curtain wall is not limited to the unit-type curtain wall as in the above-described embodiment, and is configured by attaching a cubic, a blind or the like to a building frame at a construction site, and attaching a surface material such as glass or panel. A cubic curtain wall may be used.

Further, when the refractory panel 20 is rotated and moved, the refractory panel 20 is not limited to the case where the upper end is used as a fulcrum as in the above embodiment, but may be rotated about the lower end as a fulcrum. In such a configuration, the refractory panel 20 is disposed at the lower panel 6B obliquely disposed as in the above-described embodiment, and the upper end thereof is locked to the lower panel 6B with a stopper or the like, and the stopper is provided when a fire occurs. If removed, the fireproof panel 20 rotates by its own weight and comes into contact with the curtain wall unit 10, so that a fireproof section can be formed quickly with a very simple mechanism.

In the first and second embodiments, the fireproof panel 20 is formed by rotating or sliding the fireproof panel 20 from the hanging wall panel 6. For example, the fireproof panel is provided on the lower surface of the floor panel 3. The fireproof panel 20 may be supported so as to be slidable, and the fireproof panel 20 may be moved obliquely downward from the floor panel 3 and brought into contact with the curtain wall unit 10 to form a fireproof section. In short, it is only necessary that the fireproof panel 20 be moved to form a fireproof section having a predetermined height. However, if the fireproof compartment is formed by the fireproof covering material 7 of the hanging wall panel 6 and the fireproof panel 20 as in the above-described embodiment, the fireproof panel 20 can be minimized in size and the drive thereof can be performed quickly. There are advantages that can be done.

Further, the fireproof structure of the building of the present invention is not limited to the case where the fireproof sections are formed on the floors of the upper and lower floors as in each of the above-described embodiments, but also the fireproof structure for the partition wall between the rooms on the same floor. The same can be applied to the case of dividing. In addition, as the fire detector 30, a general detector such as a detector that detects temperature or smoke can be used. In a normal building or the like, since the fire detector 30 is set for disaster prevention, the fireproof panel 20 may be moved using the information.

[0053]

According to the fire-resistant structure of the building of the present invention, there is an effect that fire resistance can be ensured, design can be improved, and natural light can be sufficiently taken in.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a curtain wall portion to which a fireproof structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention is applied.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged vertical sectional view showing a floor portion of the embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a control system of the embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a main part of a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a main part of a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a main part of a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a main part of a modified example of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a main part of a conventional example of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a main part of a conventional example of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... building, 2 ... frame, 3 ... floor panel, 4 ... ceiling panel,
5 floor panel, 6 wall panel, 6A top panel,
6B: lower panel, 7: fireproof covering material, 10: curtain wall unit, 11: upper frame, 12: lower frame, 13: vertical frame, 15: face material, 16: bracket, 17: fastener, 20: fireproof panel, 20A: rotating shaft, 21: cushioning material, 25: motor, 26: controller, 30: fire detector, 31: electric blind, 50: drive arm, 71
... floor, 72 ... fire-resistant structural material, 73 ... interlayer covering material, 75 ...
Eaves

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A fire-resistant structure for preventing a fire from spreading in a building, comprising: a fire detecting means for detecting the occurrence of a fire in the building; and an inner surface of an outer wall of the building when the fire detecting means detects a fire. A fire-resistant structure for a building, comprising: a fire-resistant member that is moved so as to abut against the air-conditioner to form a fire-resistant compartment. 2. A fireproof structure for preventing a fire from spreading in a building, comprising: a fire detecting means for detecting occurrence of a fire in the building; and an outer wall of the building when a fire is detected by the fire detecting means. And a refractory member which is movable to protrude from the refractory compartment to form a refractory compartment. 3. The fire-resistant member is built into a wall material protruding from a floor or a wall constituting a fire-prevention section of the building and disposed away from the inner surface of the outer wall to the indoor side, and the fire-resistant member abuts on the inner surface of the outer wall. The fire-resistant structure of a building according to claim 1, wherein the fire-resistant section and the wall material form a fire-resistant section when the fire-proofing is performed. 4. The fire-resistant structure for a building according to claim 1, wherein the fire-resistant member is arranged on a floor portion of the building, and is configured to prevent fire from spreading on upper and lower floors of the building.