JP2002309513A - Bridge and waterproofing construction method therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a bridge on which a bridge face waterproofing construction method is applied capable of performing waterproofing construction in which the whole floor slab is integrated, providing satisfactory waterproofing performance, quickening construction speed, allowing the construction on a wet concrete face, reducing adverse effect on the environment because it has no toxicity and is safe, and realizing low cost. SOLUTION: This bridge is constituted by forming a waterproofing layer made of a rubber emulsion waterproofing material on a surface of the bridge, forming a weatherproof coat layer made of a weatherproof coat material in a part where sunshine reaches, and constructing a protection member on the floor slab. Normal temperature vulcanization type rubber emulsion is preferable as the rubber emulsion waterproofing material, an acryl weatherproof coat material or an urethane weatherproof coat material is preferable as the weatherproof coat material, and an asphalt board is preferable as the protection member.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to a bridge subjected to a bridge surface waterproofing method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In addition to narrow bridges crossing rivers and straits, bridges such as roads and railways include viaducts constructed in urban areas and the like.

Conventionally, bridge surface pavement is constructed by asphalt pavement on a steel slab or a concrete slab.
In order to protect the slab, the slab is often subjected to a waterproofing method prior to pavement, and then paved thereon. Examples of the waterproofing method include a method of attaching a waterproof sheet, a method of applying a coating type waterproof material made of a rubber-based solvent, and a method of applying a urethane type coating waterproof material.

[0004]

However, the method of attaching the waterproof sheet is difficult to bond the joints between the sheets, it is difficult to waterproof the entire floor slab including the railing, and the weather resistance of the waterproof sheet. In many cases, there is a problem in that waterproofing cannot be integrated with the entire floor slab. The method of applying a coating-type waterproof material made of a rubber-based solvent has a problem in terms of environment and safety because a large amount of solvent evaporates during drying. There are problems such as dripping when sprayed thickly, and difficulty in drying the solvent inside and swelling due to drying of the coating type waterproof material from the surface. The method of applying a urethane-based coating type waterproof material is that the material before curing may have toxicity, there is a risk of generating toxic gas at the time of fire,
Poor adhesion to concrete necessitates the use of primer several times and is time-consuming. Since it cannot be adhered to a wet concrete surface, it requires drying time until it can be applied after rainfall, it is expensive, etc. There were challenges.

As a result of intensive studies of these problems, the present inventors have found that when a rubber emulsion-based waterproofing material is used on the bridge surface, a weather-resistant coating layer made of a weather-resistant coating material is applied to a portion exposed to sunlight, and a protective material is used for the floor slab, The entire floor slab can be waterproofed integrally, has good waterproofing performance, has a fast construction speed, can be applied to wet concrete surfaces, has no toxicity, is safe, has no adverse environmental effects, and is cost effective. They found that they were excellent, and reached the present invention.

[0006]

That is, the present invention comprises forming a waterproof layer made of a rubber emulsion-based waterproof material and, if necessary, a weather-resistant coat layer on the bridge surface, and applying a protective material to the floor slab. Wherein the rubber emulsion waterproofing material is a cold vulcanizable rubber emulsion, the weather resistant coating material is an acrylic weather resistant coating material or a urethane weather resistant coating material, and the protective material is asphalt. The bridge which is a system board, wherein the protective material is a rubber asphalt-based sheet, and a waterproof layer made of a rubber emulsion-based waterproof material and a weather-resistant coat layer if necessary are formed on the bridge surface, It is a bridge made by applying protective material to the plate and paving the surface of the protective material. A waterproofing method for a bridge is characterized in that a waterproofing layer made of a rubber emulsion-based waterproofing material and, if necessary, a weatherproof coating layer are formed on the bridge surface, and a protective material is applied to the floor slab.

[0007]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below.

The rubber emulsion waterproofing material of the present invention is preferably a room temperature vulcanization type rubber emulsion waterproofing material in terms of cost, workability, and adhesion when the concrete surface is in a wet state.

If a two-component spraying type is used as the cold-curable rubber emulsion-based waterproofing material and a spraying type is used as the weather-resistant coating material, the construction speed can be greatly improved.

Also, when the waterproof structure of the present invention is used, rain,
Even when the surface of the concrete structure is in a wet state due to fraying or washing with a water jet, it can be applied to a wet surface.

Although there are various types of rubber emulsion waterproofing materials of the present invention, room temperature vulcanization type rubber emulsion waterproofing materials are preferred in terms of cost, workability, and adhesion when the concrete surface is in a wet state. preferable.

As a room temperature vulcanizable rubber emulsion-based waterproofing material, oil-extended oil (hereinafter, referred to as "A agent") and a vulcanizing agent dispersed therein have high adhesion and good workability. A room temperature two-agent vulcanization type rubber emulsion-based waterproofing material (hereinafter referred to as a room temperature vulcanization type waterproofing material) composed of a B agent) is preferred. Room temperature vulcanization type waterproofing material, A agent and B
It is preferable to store the agents separately, and to mix the A agent and the B agent during construction. Among the room-temperature vulcanization-type waterproofing materials, those comprising a A agent containing a styrene-butadiene rubber emulsion as a rubber emulsion and a B agent containing an oil extended oil, a vulcanizing agent, and calcium oxide are preferable. Such room temperature two-agent vulcanization type rubber emulsions include those manufactured by Grace Co., Ltd. under the trade name "Procor 75" and the like.
r series and the like.

The room temperature vulcanizing type waterproof material is preferably a spray type in which the agent A and the agent B are sprayed while being mixed at the tip of the nozzle, since the pot life can be secured.

As the rubber emulsion used for the agent A, synthetic rubbers such as styrene butadiene rubber, chloroprene rubber, and isoprene rubber, and natural rubbers are used. Further, these rubbers may be mixed and used. Of these, styrene butadiene rubber is preferred in terms of vulcanization properties and economy, and chloroprene rubber is preferred in terms of improving flame retardancy.

The rubber solid content of the rubber emulsion is preferably from 5 to 50 parts by mass based on 100 parts by mass of the total solid content after mixing the agent A and the agent B from the viewpoint that good film performance is obtained.
0 to 25 parts by mass is more preferred.

In the agent A, a strong alkali such as KOH or NaOH as a pH adjuster is usually 1.5 parts by mass, and at most 2. It is preferable to use 5 parts by mass.

The oil-extended oil used for the agent B is more preferably a mixture of an aroma oil and a paraffin oil, since the viscosity can be easily adjusted and the rubber properties after vulcanization can be easily adjusted. Paraffin oil is used in 50 parts by weight of oil extended oil to adjust the viscosity when mixed with the agent A.
It is used at a ratio of not more than parts by mass.

The amount of the oil extended oil of the agent B is preferably 20 to 60% in the mixture of the agent A and the agent B.

Further, chlorinated paraffin can be used for improving the flame retardancy. Further, asphalt and the like can be used as the B agent, but the amount of use is desirably 30 parts by mass or less based on 100 parts by mass of the rubber solid content.

As the vulcanizing agent dispersed in the extended oil used in the agent B, a sulfur-based vulcanizing agent is preferable, and sulfur is more preferable. The amount of the vulcanizing agent used is preferably 0.5 to 15 parts by mass based on 100 parts by mass of the rubber solids.

Further, a vulcanization accelerator is used in combination with the agent B. Examples of the vulcanization accelerator include zinc isopropyl xanthate, zinc dibutyldithiocarbamate dibutylamine complex, and zinc oxide.

When zinc isopropyl xanthate is used, the amount of the vulcanization accelerator is preferably from 0.1 to 5.0 parts by mass based on 100 parts by mass of the rubber solid content, and zinc dibutyldithiocarbamate dibutylamine complex is used. When used, 0.1 to 5.0 parts by mass is preferable with respect to 100 parts by mass of rubber solids, and when zinc oxide is used, 0.5 to 20.0 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of rubber solids. Is preferred.

Further, additives such as fumed silica, polymer fiber and pulverized rubber may be used in the B agent in an amount of 0.5 to 25 parts by mass based on 100 parts by mass of the total solid content.

Further, as the agent B, a hygroscopic agent such as calcium oxide, portland cement, and calcium sulfate cement can be used. The moisture absorbent dehydrates the water in the agent A when mixed with the agent A, so that a drying step is not required and the adhesion of the structure is improved. Among the hygroscopic agents, calcium oxide is preferred.

The amount of the hygroscopic agent used is preferably 10 to 50% in the mixture of the A agent and the B agent.

The weather-resistant coating material of the present invention has weather resistance. As the weather-resistant coating material, an acrylic weather-resistant coating material or a urethane-based weather-resistant coating material is preferable in terms of good weather resistance and good adhesion to a layer made of a rubber emulsion-based waterproofing material, and an acrylic weather-resistant coating material. Is more preferred.

The acrylic weather-resistant coating material contains an acrylate resin. As the acrylate resin, various (meth) acrylate copolymers such as methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, and butyl (meth) acrylate can be used.

The acrylic weather-resistant coating material may be a material using a solvent-based resin or a material using an emulsion-based resin, but an emulsion-based material is preferable from an environmental point of view.

As the acrylic weather-resistant coating material, UV absorbers, antioxidants, pigments, extenders, and the like used for plastics and rubbers can be used as necessary.

An ordinary urethane-based weather-resistant coating material can be used similarly to the acrylic weather-resistant coating material. Examples of the urethane-based weather-resistant coating material include a weather-resistant urethane-based weather-resistant coating material containing a urethane resin having an aliphatic skeleton.

Further, an ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer or the like may be used as a modifier in the weather-resistant coating material of the present invention.

The weather-resistant coating material is usually 200 to 400 g / m
² is applied. In terms of the construction speed and the like, the spray coating type of the weather resistant coating material is preferable.

As the weather-resistant coating material, a spraying type spraying from the tip of the nozzle is preferable from the viewpoint of good workability.

As the protective material of the present invention, a protective material that can withstand high temperature and mechanical stress during pavement is used. As a protective material, an asphalt-based board is preferable because of its high protection performance.
Rubber asphalt-based sheets can also be used.

[0035] Among the asphalt-based boards, one in which both sides of a board made of asphalt are reinforced with fibers, paper, or the like, and the asphalt is made into a sandwich shape has strength, price,
And in terms of performance. If the asphalt board is applied before the vulcanization of the rubber emulsion-based waterproofing material, it can be well bonded to the rubber emulsion-based waterproofing material.

As the rubber asphalt-based sheet, a sheet obtained by laminating a heat-resistant polypropylene woven fabric on a rubber asphalt layer having a self-adhesive property (adhesive property) which can be applied at normal temperature can be used. The rubber asphalt sheet is applied after the vulcanization of the rubber emulsion waterproof material.

According to the present invention, a rubber emulsion-based waterproofing material is sprayed and applied to the concrete surface of a bridge to form a seamless and integrated waterproofing layer.

After appropriately vulcanizing the rubber emulsion-based waterproofing material, the weather-resistant coating material is coated on the surface of the rubber emulsion-based waterproofing material, particularly on a bridge railing, a bridge pier, a floor slab, etc., which is exposed to sunlight. Is preferred.

Depending on the temperature at the time of application, the weather-resistant coating material is usually applied 3 to 4 hours after spraying the rubber emulsion-based waterproof material. If the rubber emulsion-based waterproofing material is not sufficiently vulcanized, the weather-resistant coating material may be cracked during application. In the case where cracks occur in the weather-resistant coating material, the weather-resistant coating material may be applied by re-coating.

A protective material is applied to the floor slab on which asphalt is to be paved. Then, the bridge surface is paved by asphalt paving on the surface of the protective material.

[0041]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below based on embodiments.

Example 1 A concrete surface of a concrete structure comprising a viaduct floor slab and a railing was washed with high-pressure water to remove dust and the like. While in a wet state, a normal temperature vulcanization type waterproof material (product name "Procor 75", manufactured by Grace Co., Ltd.)
"Procor 75" is a spray type, styrene butadiene rubber is used as the rubber emulsion in agent A, and oil extended oil, vulcanizing agent, and hygroscopic agent are used in agent B, 1.5 m.
m was applied using an airless type spraying machine. Then, a protective material made of a 3 mm-thick asphalt-based board (a board in which both sides of a board made of asphalt are reinforced with paper and the asphalt is sandwiched) is placed on the surface of the floor slab coated with the room temperature vulcanization-type waterproofing material. did. Then, asphalt pavement was performed on the surface of the protective material. The asphalt pavement was peeled off after paving, and the adhesion was evaluated. However, the pavement layer was hardly peeled off and adhered well. Also, the protective material was not damaged at all by the asphalt pavement at high temperatures. On the other hand, in the area exposed to sunlight, such as a railing, 6 hours after applying the room temperature vulcanization type waterproofing material, an acrylic emulsion weatherproof coating material (commercially available, spray type, gray coloring) is applied to the surface of the room temperature vulcanization type waterproofing material. Product) was sprayed on to give about 300 g / m ² and applied. Twenty-four hours after the application of the weather-resistant coating material, a test specimen was cut out from the high-rail section, and the weather resistance was measured at a black panel temperature of 63 ° C. using a sunshine weatherometer. Even after 2,000 hours, no cracking occurred, no peeling or swelling was observed, and the weather resistance was good. A cross-cut test was performed to measure the adhesion between the waterproof layer made of a rubber emulsion-based waterproof material and the weather-resistant coat layer made of a weather-resistant coat material. Peeling was as good as 0/25. In addition, apart from the above, a room temperature vulcanization type waterproof material was sprayed on a concrete test piece, a weather resistant coating material was applied after vulcanization, and a tensile test was performed. Even after the concrete was cut, the waterproof layer and the weather-resistant coat layer were not cut, and showed an elongation of 200% or more. The ability of the weather-resistant coat layer to follow the waterproof layer was also good. The layer obtained by spraying an acrylic emulsion weather-resistant coating material on the surface of the room temperature vulcanization type waterproof material had good adhesion to concrete and a peel strength of 1.0 N / mm.

(Measurement method) Weather resistance: A sunshine weatherometer was used. Cross-cut test: According to JIS K 5400, 8.5.1. Select the condition of 2mm gap and 25 squares. Tensile test: According to JIS K6251. However, as the sample, a strip of concrete in which a waterproof layer and a weather-resistant coat layer were laminated was used. Elongation: According to JIS K6251. However, a waterproof layer made of a rubber emulsion-based waterproof material was used as a sample. Peeling strength: according to ASTM D 903-93.

Example 2 Example 1 was repeated except that a protective material made of a 1.6 mm thick rubber asphalt-based sheet (laminate of a heat-resistant polypropylene fabric on a rubber asphalt layer, commercially available) was used as a protective material. Performed similarly. Attempts were made to peel off the asphalt pavement layer after paving and the adhesion was evaluated, but the pavement layer was difficult to peel off and adhered well. Further, the waterproofing layer was hardly damaged by the asphalt pavement at a high temperature. 24 hours after applying the weather-resistant coating material,
Specimens were cut out from the railroad section and weather resistance was measured at a black panel temperature of 63 ° C. using a sunshine weatherometer. Even after 2,000 hours, no cracking occurred, no peeling or swelling was observed, and the weather resistance was good. In addition, as a result of a grid test, the peeling was as good as 0/25.
In addition, apart from the above, a room temperature vulcanization type waterproof material was sprayed on a concrete test piece, a weather resistant coating material was applied after vulcanization, and a tensile test was performed. Even after the concrete was cut, the waterproof layer and the weatherproof coating material were not cut, and showed an elongation of 200% or more. The ability of the weather-resistant coat layer to follow the waterproof layer was also good.
Furthermore, the acrylic vulcanization type weather resistant coating material is sprayed on the surface of the room temperature vulcanization type waterproof material, and the applied layer has good adhesion to concrete and a peel strength of 1.0 N / mm.
Met.

[0045]

According to the waterproofing method of the present invention, the entire floor slab can be integrally waterproofed, the waterproofing performance is good, the construction speed is fast, the construction can be performed on a wet concrete surface, there is no toxicity and the safety is high. A bridge with low environmental impact and excellent cost can be obtained. In particular, the use of the ordinary temperature two-agent vulcanization type rubber emulsion-based waterproofing material of the present invention has the following effects. 1) All work can be performed at room temperature, and heating is not required. 2) Since spraying can be performed, the construction speed is fast and it can be performed by a small number of people. 3) Good adhesion to concrete and no pretreatment such as primer is required. 4) Construction on wet concrete surface is possible. 5) It has good crack followability of concrete and is excellent in waterproofness. 6) The drying step is unnecessary, and the required thickness can be sprayed at one time (there is no difference between the sprayed thickness and the thickness after vulcanization). 7) It is environmentally friendly because there is no toxicity and no solvent is generated. 8) Even if the application surface after vulcanization is overcoated, the adhesiveness is good and an integrated waterproof layer is formed.

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A bridge formed by forming a waterproof layer made of a rubber emulsion-based waterproof material and a weather-resistant coat layer as required on the bridge surface, and applying a protective material to the floor slab. 2. The bridge according to claim 1, wherein the rubber emulsion-based waterproofing material is a room temperature vulcanizable rubber emulsion. 3. The bridge according to claim 1, wherein the weather resistant coating material is an acrylic weather resistant coating material or a urethane weather resistant coated material. 4. The bridge according to claim 1, wherein the protective material is an asphalt board. 5. The bridge according to claim 1, wherein the protective material is a rubber asphalt-based sheet. 6. A waterproof layer made of a rubber emulsion-based waterproof material and a weather-resistant coat layer formed as required on a bridge surface, a protective material is applied to a floor slab, and a pavement is provided on the protective material surface. Bridge. 7. A waterproofing method for a bridge, comprising forming a waterproofing layer made of a rubber emulsion-based waterproofing material and, if necessary, a weatherproof coating layer on the surface of the bridge, and applying a protective material to the floor slab. .