JP2002303246A - Thermal decomposition complex with hydraulic turbine generator unit - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce the total energy cost by driving a hydraulic generator with the hydraulic power of the head and recovering the hydraulic power as the electric power. SOLUTION: A processed material obtained through the thermal decomposition by a thermal decomposing means 20 is recovered by a recovering means 50. The processed material is introduced into a carbide combustion furnace 52 by a carrying means 51, and at the carbide combustion furnace 52, the processed material is burned and incinerated. The emission gas generated at the carbide combustion furnace 52 is introduced into a coking gas combustion furnace 40 to be burned. Then, from the emission gas at the coking gas combustion furnace 40, hot water is recovered by a heat exchanger 62. A first hydraulic power generator unit installed with difference in the height from the thermal decomposition facility is driven with the hot water recovered by the heat exchanger 62, and after that, the hot water is introduced into a hot water utilizing facility 65 via a pipeline 64. Then, a second hydraulic generator unit 66 with difference in the height from the hot water utilizing facility 65 is driven with the hot drain used at the hot water utilizing facility 65, and after that, the hot drain is released via a pipeline 67.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a pyrolysis treatment in which an object to be treated such as various kinds of waste, sludge, incinerated ash, fly ash and soil is subjected to indirect heating treatment to reduce the volume by drying, carbonization, incineration, etc. At the facilities in the facility, the generated hot water is reused, and at that time, the heating water is supplied to the facilities using the pipeline, and the hydraulic power in the pipeline drives the turbine generator to generate electricity. The present invention relates to a pyrolysis complex equipped with a water turbine power generator for reducing the running cost of total energy.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Various types of waste are increasing year by year, and various techniques have been proposed for their disposal. In one of the pyrolysis facilities, where waste is heated and thermally decomposed, high-temperature exhaust gas is generated, which is used to generate steam and drive a steam turbine to generate electricity. Have been done.

On the other hand, various facilities (leisure facilities, pools, etc.) that use steam as low-temperature hot water also use hot water (the inventors have disclosed JP-A-11-72).
No. 210).

[0004] In particular, in the latter case, since the thermal decomposition treatment facility and the various treatments are isolated, the two facilities are connected by a pipeline, and means for transferring hot water by the pipeline is adopted. In addition, hot water after consumption is discharged and discharged. Further, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H8-237997 discloses a proposal for generating electricity using a water turbine generator by effectively utilizing drainage from buildings such as rainwater.

In addition, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. Hei 8-745 discloses a method in which a turbine generator is provided in a lower discharge line in a facility and is effectively used.
No. 14, JP-A-5-168298, and the like, which generate power using irrigation water and river water, are known.

[0006]

In a pyrolysis treatment facility in which wastes are heated and thermally decomposed, an object to be treated (including a decomposition gas) is burned at 850 ° C. or more for 2 seconds or more. To prevent re-synthesis of dioxin, the exhaust gas is rapidly cooled to 200 ° C. or lower and sent to a bag filter, where it is purified and discharged.

As a result, a large amount of cooling water (heat exchange water) is required to rapidly cool the exhaust gas temperature from 850 ° C. to 200 ° C., and thereafter, the cooling water is cooled to 50-60 ° C. (heat exchange water). Currently, it is collected as warm water, transferred to various facilities, and reused.

However, little attention has been paid to utilizing hydraulic power in the middle of a pipeline.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and uses a hydraulic power of a height drop between a thermal decomposition treatment facility and a hot water utilization facility and between a hot water utilization facility and a discharge channel to generate a water turbine. It is an object of the present invention to provide a pyrolysis treatment complex equipped with a water turbine power generation device capable of driving a water turbine and recovering hydraulic power as electric power so as to reduce total energy cost.

[0010]

According to the present invention, in order to achieve the above object, the object to be treated is subjected to a heat treatment, the object to be treated is reduced in volume, and the generated decomposition gas is burned. It consists of a pyrolysis treatment facility that generates high-temperature exhaust gas and heat-exchanges the high-temperature exhaust gas to obtain heating water, and a heating water utilization facility located at a fixed position with a height drop from this pyrolysis treatment facility,
The pyrolysis treatment facility and the heating water utilization facility are connected by a pipeline, and a turbine power generator is installed in the pipeline,
The present invention is characterized in that a turbine generator is driven by hydraulic power flowing through a pipeline to generate power.

[0011] Further, the heated water utilization facility and a water discharge channel provided at a fixed position with a height drop from the heated water utilization facility are connected by a pipeline, and a turbine generator is installed in the pipeline. The turbine is driven by hydraulic power flowing therethrough to generate power.

[0012]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a conceptual configuration diagram of a thermal decomposition processing complex equipped with a water turbine power generator according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which a decomposition vessel having screw-type stirring and conveying means is stacked in two stages. It is an embodiment of the present invention.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 10 denotes a charging means for charging an object to be processed, which comprises a hopper 11 and a screw conveyor 12 driven by a motor M.

Numeral 20 denotes a thermal decomposition means for heating and thermally decomposing the object to be treated. The thermal decomposition means 20 comprises two decomposition vessels 21 and 22 arranged vertically, and one end of the upper decomposition vessel 21. The object to be processed is supplied from the supply port 21a of the
1b, the mixture is transferred to the discharge port 21c while being stirred, and is loaded into the lower decomposition container 22 through the supply port 22a via the flexible joint 23, and the conveying means 22b of the decomposition container 22
The liquid is transferred to the discharge port 22c while being stirred and discharged from the discharge port 22c. Conveying means 2
1b and 22b is made of a screw or spiral conveyors, is driven to rotate at a respective motor M ₁ and M _2.

The decomposition vessels 21 and 22 are each heated by external heating means. This external heating means comprises a heating jacket HJ that covers the entire decomposition vessels 21 and 22 and a partition plate 2.
4, 28a, 28b to form hot air gas chambers 21d and 22d separately surrounding the decomposition vessels 21 and 22,
These two chambers communicate with each other through a communication port 25 provided at one end of the partition plate 24.

Reference numeral 30 denotes a gas turbine power generator, which is one of the gas engine power generators, and includes a gas turbine 31, a combustor 32 for supplying combustion gas to the gas turbine 31, and an air compressor driven by the gas turbine 31. 33 and generator 3
And 4. The exhaust gas discharged from the gas turbine 31 is introduced into a hot blast furnace 39 as heating means by the exhaust gas via an exhaust pipe 36 connected to the heating jacket HJ, and is combined with the hot blast gas by the combustion burner 37. And is used as a heat source for heating the decomposition vessels 21 and 22.

That is, the hot blast stove 39 raises the temperature to a predetermined temperature by the exhaust gas from the gas turbine generator 30 and the hot blast gas from the combustion burner 37, and uses the raised hot blast gas as a heating source of the thermal decomposition means 20. , Decomposition container 2
2 is heated to, for example, 600 ° C. When the temperature of the decomposition container 22 reaches a predetermined temperature, the combustion burner 37 is controlled to be stopped or throttled. Note that the combustion burner 37 is not required if the object can be thermally decomposed at the exhaust gas temperature of the gas turbine generator 30 (400 to 500 ° C.).

The cracked gas (carbonized gas or steam) generated during the heat treatment in the cracking vessels 21 and 22 is supplied to a steamy gas combustion furnace 40 provided at the lower part of the cracking vessel 22 by a steam pipe 26 and a carbonized gas pipe. It is introduced by 27 and burned. Since the steam pipe 26 and the dry distillation gas pipe 27 are arranged and heated in the heating jacket HJ, it is possible to avoid problems such as the solidification and clogging of the organic components due to adhesion.

On the other hand, the decomposition vessel 21 is a furnace for drying and dechlorination. For example, air is introduced from a temperature control air supply blower 44 into a hot air gas so that the furnace can be heated at 350 ° C., and the temperature is lowered. Adjust the temperature. A portion of the hot air gas that has flowed out of the heating jacket HJ is circulated and reused using a circulating blower 42 described later, or is used for heating compressed air of a gas turbine. Others are discharged from the chimney via the heat exchanger 61.

The hot water may be recovered by the heat exchanger 61. The recovered hot water is supplied as a hydropower to a hydroelectric generator described below.

Reference numeral 41 denotes a combustion burner for heating the gas carbonization gas combustion furnace 40, which burns fuel to raise the temperature of the carbonization gas combustion furnace 40 to 850 ° C. or more (for 2 seconds or more) and burns the decomposed gas to make it harmless. . In order to introduce the cracked gas into the dry distillation gas combustion furnace 40, the cracked gas is drawn into the dry distillation gas combustion furnace 40 from the nozzle 43 by using the circulation blower 42.

Numeral 50 denotes a recovery means for recovering the processed material (carbide) obtained by the thermal decomposition by the thermal decomposition means 20.
The treated material collected at 0 is introduced into a carbide burning furnace 52 using a transport means 51 such as a pipe conveyor, where the treated material is burned and ashed. Exhaust gas generated during combustion in the carbide combustion furnace 52 is introduced into the carbonization gas combustion furnace 40 through the ash catcher 53 and burned. Exhaust gas after combustion in the carbonization gas combustion furnace 40 recovers hot water by a heat exchanger 62 and lowers the exhaust gas temperature to 200 ° C. or lower. The exhaust gas is purified by a bag filter and passed through an exhaust blower. Exhaust from the chimney.

The hot water recovered by the heat exchanger 62 drives the first hydroelectric generator 63 installed at a height difference from the thermal decomposition treatment facility, and then uses hot water (heating water) through a pipeline 64. It is introduced into the facility 65. After that, the hot water used in the hot water utilization facility 65 drives the second hydroelectric generator 66 installed at a height difference from the hot water utilization facility 65, and is discharged through the pipeline 67.

The first and second hydroelectric generators 63 and 66
For example, a cross flow turbine is used.

FIG. 2 shows the first and second hydroelectric generators 63 and 6.
FIG. 6 is a schematic configuration diagram showing how power is generated using a height drop of a water channel. In FIG. 2, after hot water obtained in a pyrolysis treatment facility 60 is stored in a storage tank 60a provided in the facility, The water is supplied to a water turbine 63a of a first hydroelectric generator 63 that is installed in the middle of the pipeline 64 and that is arranged with a height drop from the pyrolysis treatment facility 60. Water wheel 6
3a is driven by the supplied hot water, whereby the generator 6
3b operates to obtain a predetermined power.

The hot water passing through the pipeline 64 is introduced into a hot water utilization facility 65. In the hot water utilization facility 65, after using the introduced hot water, the hot drainage is stored in the storage tank 65.
stored in a. When the hot waste water from the tank 65a is discharged to the water discharge channel 68 via the pipeline 67, the second hydraulic power is installed in the middle of the pipeline 67 and is arranged with a height drop from the hot water utilization facility 65. Generator 6
6 is supplied to the water wheel 66a. The water wheel 66a is driven by the supplied hot water, whereby the generator 66b operates,
A predetermined power is obtained.

FIGS. 3A and 3B show the pipeline 6
It is a schematic block diagram which shows the water wheels 63a and 66a and the generators 63b and 66b arrange | positioned in 4,67.

Next, a series of heat treatments of the above embodiment will be described. First, before charging an object to be treated, the gas turbine 31 of the gas turbine power generator 30 is started, and exhaust gas from the gas turbine 31 is introduced into the hot stove 39.
Hot air gas is generated by the combustion burner 37 as necessary, and a hot air gas of a predetermined temperature is obtained by both.

The hot air gas is supplied to the hot air gas inlet 54 → the lower hot air gas chamber 22 d → the communication port 25 → as shown by the arrow.
Decomposition containers 22 and 2 through hot air gas chamber 21d in the upper stage
After heating 1, a part thereof is introduced into the carbonization gas combustion furnace 40 by the circulation blower 42. Another part is supplied to the heating means 35 provided in the gas turbine generator 30 to heat the compressed air sent to the combustor 32, and the other part is supplied by the heat exchanger 61. After collecting part of the heat as warm water, it is discharged. The collected hot water is
Supplied to drive the hydroelectric generator 63.

When the drying and dechlorination treatment is performed in the upper decomposition vessel 21 and the volume reduction treatment by carbonization is performed in the lower decomposition vessel 22, the temperature in the lower decomposition vessel 22 is reduced by hot air gas. For example, the temperature is adjusted to be heated to 600 ° C. The temperature in the upper decomposition vessel 21 is, for example, 350 ° C.
The air for temperature adjustment is introduced into the hot air gas by the blower 44 as a temperature adjusting means so as to heat the hot air.

After reaching a predetermined temperature (within one hour after the start-up), the object to be processed is charged from the charging means 10 and thermal decomposition is started. The cracked gas generated by the thermal decomposition is introduced into the dry distillation gas combustion furnace 40 through the steam conduit 26 and the dry distillation gas pipe 27, and is burned together with the circulating gas by the circulation blower 42.

The temperature in the lower decomposition vessel 22 is set to 60
In order to maintain the temperature at 0 ° C., it is necessary to raise the temperature in the hot air gas chamber 22d by 50 to 100 ° C., which cannot be increased at the exhaust gas temperature of the gas turbine. The insufficient temperature is compensated for by the combustion temperature of the combustion burner 37. The combustion of the combustion burner 37 is set so that it can be stopped or throttled after reaching a predetermined temperature.

In the dechlorination treatment in the decomposition vessel 21 in the upper stage, a treatment agent (chemical: powder of sodium hydrogencarbonate, for example) which is in contact with an organic halogen compound and produces harmless chloride is mixed with the object to be treated. The mixture fed from the feeding means 10 is heated. In this heat treatment, from the mixing ratio of the mixture to be treated, the processing conditions such as the temperature at which the harmful component is precipitated, the time, the amount of the deposition and the addition amount of the chemical that can be sufficiently removed by reacting with the harmful component are investigated in advance. The treatment is carried out at a temperature (200 ° C. to 350 ° C.) and time that can cover this.

In the decomposition vessel 21 in the upper stage, drying is performed, and the produced organic halogen compound is contacted with the added chemical to produce harmless chlorides (such as sodium chloride). Make sure that no harmful organic halogen compounds (such as dioxins) remain in the gas.

As the treating agent to be mixed or added to the article to be treated, use is made of an alkali substance which reacts with HCl (hydrogen chloride) as an organic halogen compound to produce harmless chloride (such as sodium chloride). For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-155326 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No.
JP-A-10-235186, JP-A-10-235
No. 187, alkaline earth metal, alkaline earth metal compound, alkali metal, alkali metal compound,
Specifically, calcium, lime, slaked lime, calcium carbonate, dolomite, silicate (such as calcium silicate), sodium hydrogen carbonate, sodium carbonate, sodium sesquicarbonate, natural soda, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide,
One of potassium hydrogen carbonate and potassium carbonate is selected, or several types are mixed and used. As an amount to be used, 5 to 30% by weight of the material to be treated is mixed or added.

For example, sodium bicarbonate (Na
When HCO ₃ ) is used, a decomposition gas of the HCl component is generated in the dechlorination furnace which is the first heat treatment furnace.
Reacts immediately with sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO ₃ )
+ (HCl) → (NaCl) + (H ₂ O) + (CO ₂ ), producing harmless sodium chloride (NaCl) and eliminating harmful HCl from the decomposition gas. Thereby, the detoxification of the HCl component in the decomposed gas and the detoxification of the object to be processed are simultaneously performed.

The object to be treated after the harmful components are precipitated is sent to the lower decomposition vessel 22 via the flexible joint 23 as described above, where it is carbonized, and the carbide is recovered by the recovery means 50. Since there is no gas containing harmful components such as HCl and dioxins in the decomposition vessel 22, the carbides do not adsorb these harmful substances, so they can be reused as harmless carbides if necessary as fuel. it can.

The carbide generated as described above, that is, the carbonized processed product is introduced into a carbide (ashed) combustion furnace 52 to be ashed and burned by the conveying means 51 and burned. The combustion furnace 52 uses, for example, a rotary kiln-type combustion furnace, incinerates and burns the carbide introduced from one end while rotating it, and discharges the ash from the other end. The exhaust gas generated in the carbide combustion furnace 52 is introduced into the carbonization gas combustion furnace 40 via the ash catcher 53 and burns together with the steam and carbonization gas. The ash catcher 53 is for minimizing the movement of ash to the carbonization gas combustion furnace 40.

The reason why the dry distillation gas combustion furnace 40 and the carbide combustion furnace 52 are configured differently as in the above embodiment is as follows.

Since the exhaust gas burned in the carbonization gas combustion furnace 40 is sucked by the exhaust blower after the bag filter, if both furnaces are integrally formed, the ash is sucked and the ash is sucked to the heat exchanger 62 and the bag filter. Will be carried to
This is to prevent this and minimize the ash content included in the exhaust gas and moving. It is for the above reason that the ash catcher 53 is provided to reduce ash moving to the carbonization gas combustion furnace 40.

The so-called dry distillation gas combustion furnace 40 is separated from the heating jacket HJ to be separately provided, and fuel is sprayed and injected into the exhaust gas discharged from the gas turbine 31 of the gas turbine power generator 30, so-called combustion. An after-bar method may be adopted. Also, the decomposition container 21,
22 may be configured using a rotary kiln system.

[0043]

As described above, according to the present invention, the hydraulic power of the height difference between the thermal decomposition treatment facility and the hot water utilization facility and between the hot water utilization facility and the water discharge channel is recovered in the thermal decomposition treatment facility. Water is obtained from hot water, and the turbine generator is driven during the transfer to recover the hydraulic power as electric power.This makes it possible to easily use electric power inside and outside the facility, and has the advantage of reducing total energy cost. is there.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a conceptual configuration diagram of a pyrolysis treatment complex provided with a water turbine power generator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating a state where first and second hydroelectric generators generate electric power by using a height drop of a water channel.

FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a water turbine and a generator arranged in a pipeline.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Input means 11 ... Hopper 12 ... Screw conveyor 20 ... Thermal decomposition means 21, 22, 60, 70 ... Decomposition container 23 ... Flexible joint 24, 28a, 28b ... Partition plate 25 ... Communication port 26 ... Decomposition gas conduit 27 ... Temperature Adjusting means 30 ... Gas turbine power generator 39 ... Hot stove 40 ... Carbonized gas combustion furnace 42 ... Circulation blower 43 ... Nozzle 44 ... Temperature control air supply blower 50 ... Recovery means 51 ... Conveying means 52 ... Carbide combustion furnace 53 ... Ash catcher 61, 62: heat exchanger 63: first hydraulic power generator 64, 67: pipeline 65: hot water utilization facility 66: second hydraulic power generator

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page F term (reference) 3H072 AA02 AA23 AA26 BB08 CC42 CC71 3H074 AA01 AA12 BB10 CC11 CC31 3K061 AA23 AB02 AC01 AC02 AC03 FA03 FA10 FA12

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. An object to be treated is subjected to a heat treatment to reduce the volume of the object to be treated, to generate a high-temperature exhaust gas by burning the generated decomposition gas, and to exchange heat with the high-temperature exhaust gas for heating water. And a pyrolysis treatment facility that obtains, from this pyrolysis treatment facility, a heating water utilization facility located at a fixed position with a height drop, connecting the pyrolysis treatment facility and the heating water utilization facility by a pipeline, Install a turbine generator on the pipeline,
A pyrolysis treatment complex equipped with a turbine generator, wherein a turbine generator is driven by hydraulic power flowing through a pipeline to generate power. 2. A pipeline is connected between the heated water utilization facility and a water discharge channel provided at a fixed position with a height drop from the heated water utilization facility, and a water turbine power generator is installed in the pipeline. The thermal decomposition treatment complex provided with the turbine generator according to claim 1, wherein the turbine generator is driven by hydraulic power flowing through the turbine to generate power.