JP2002250273A - Suction/discharge device for fluid - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a suction/discharge device for a fluid capable of preventing a generation of a pulsation, continuously suctioning the fluid and continuously discharging the fluid at a constant flow rate and a pressure. SOLUTION: The suction/discharge device is provided with an inner cylinder turnably fitted to a fitting hole of a device body; a cylinder slidably fitted into the inner cylinder; and a plurality of through holes formed on the inner cylinder. When the cylinder is reciprocated in interlocking with a rotation of the inner cylinder and one of the through holes of the inner cylinder is communicated with a suction hole of the device body, the other through hole of the inner cylinder is communicated with the discharge hole of the device body. When the fluid is sucked from the suction hole communicated, the fluid is discharged from the discharged hole communicated.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a fluid suction / discharge device which can be used both as a multipurpose pump and as a compressor. More specifically, the present invention can continuously suction and discharge a fluid without substantially causing pulsation. The present invention relates to a fluid suction / discharge device using a rotary switching valve (rotary valve).

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a vacuum pump for evacuating the inside of a device to reduce the pressure has a drawback that pulsation is severely generated when the piston reciprocates, because pressure is generated when the piston is pushed and pressure is not generated when the piston is pulled.

A conventional high-pressure pump used as a boiler feed pump or the like has a drawback that the outlet pressure is similarly pulsated since a piston is used as a pump (plunger pump). Because it is pulsating like this,
Since the pointer of the pressure gauge for measuring the outlet pressure fluctuates up and down, the pressure gauge is currently provided with a breakage preventing means.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is intended to solve such a problem, and continuously sucks without substantially causing pulsation, and continuously with a constant flow rate and pressure. It is an object of the present invention to provide a suction and discharge device for a fluid that can be discharged.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a fluid suction / discharge device that can be used as a vacuum pump, a high-pressure pump, and also as a compressor. Conventionally, neither pumps that can be used as vacuum pumps or high-pressure pumps nor pumps that can be used as compressors are commercially available, and no such idea is known.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an inner cylinder rotatably fitted in a fitting hole of an apparatus body, and slidably fitted in the inner cylinder. The combined cylinder, a plurality of through-holes formed in the inner cylinder, and the cylinder reciprocate in conjunction with the rotation of the inner cylinder, and one of the through-holes of the inner cylinder sucks the apparatus body. When communicating with the hole, the other through hole of the inner cylinder communicates with the discharge hole of the apparatus main body, and when sucking fluid from the communicated communication hole, the fluid is discharged from the communicated discharge hole. It is characterized by the following.

The apparatus main body is not particularly limited as long as it has a fitting hole. Generally, an outer cylinder or a block having a fitting hole is used.

[0008]

Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention. An inner cylinder 1 is rotatably fitted to an outer cylinder 2 via a bearing 10. A cylinder 3 is slidably fitted in the inner cylinder 1, and a piston shaft 4 connected to the cylinder 3 is
Is rotatably fitted via a ball bearing 6 to a fitting hole in the side wall 5 ′. The ball bearing 6 is preferably formed of a known metal having high temperature resistance, high pressure and high speed.

On both sides of the inner cylinder 1, there are formed semicircular (180 °) through holes 7 and 8 which are long holes in the rotation direction. The two through holes 7, 8 are formed adjacent to or close to both side walls 5, 5 'of the inner cylinder, and the surfaces (18) opposed to each other are formed.
(A part rotated by 0 °) and a part separated in the sliding direction of the piston. Therefore, when one communicates with the discharge hole A (or C) of the upper outer cylinder, the other communicates with the suction hole D (or B) of the lower outer cylinder.

The outer cylinder 2 has two suction holes A and C
However, two discharge holes B and D are formed in the lower portion so as to face the suction holes A and C, respectively.

When the cylinder 3 reciprocates in conjunction with the rotation of the inner cylinder 1 and the one through hole 7 (or 8) communicates with the one suction hole C (or A) of the outer cylinder 2 ,
The other through-hole 8 (or 7) communicates with the discharge hole B (or D) of the outer cylinder 2 so that when the fluid is sucked from the one communication hole, the fluid is discharged from the other communication hole. It is configured. In the above embodiment, two suction holes and two discharge holes (A and C, B and D) are formed in the outer cylinder. This is because when one of the through holes 7 and 8 of the inner cylinder communicates with the suction hole C (or A) of the outer cylinder, the other through hole 7 and 8 of the inner cylinder becomes the discharge hole B (or D). The suction holes (A and C) and the discharge holes (B and D) may be in communication with each other.

A heat-resistant and wear-resistant concave ring (not shown) is fitted around the cylinder 3. Accordingly, there is no problem even if the cylinder 3 reciprocates at high speed at high temperature.

The pressure and / or flow rate of the fluid discharged from the communicating through-hole is detected, and the rotational speed of the inner cylinder 1 and the reciprocating speed of the cylinder 3 are controlled based on the detected signal. I have. Although one of the pressure and the flow rate of the fluid may be detected and controlled, it is preferable to detect both of them and control the pressure and the flow rate of the fluid to be discharged to be constant.

A first gear (bevel gear) 11 is connected to an end of the inner cylinder 1, and the first gear 11 is a second gear (bevel gear) fixed to a rotating shaft 12 of the motor. 13 and at right angles. A crankshaft 14 for reciprocating the piston shaft 4 is fixed to a rotating body 15 fixed to a rotating shaft 12 of the motor. First gear 11 and second
The gear 13 has the same number of teeth.
After one rotation, the piston shaft 4 makes one reciprocation.

The crankshaft 14 is fixed to a rotating body 15, and the rotation of the rotating body 15 causes the piston shaft 4 to reciprocate. When the rotating body 15 makes one rotation, the crankshaft 14 makes one reciprocation, and the inner cylinder 1 It makes one turn.

By changing the fixed position of the crankshaft 14 from the center of the rotating body 15 to the outer circular direction by the stroke adjusting screw 16, the amount of fluid suction / discharge can be changed. The suction / discharge amount can also be changed by changing the rotation speed of the motor.

As shown in FIG. 4, the pressure and / or flow rate of the fluid discharged from the through-hole communicated by the discharge pressure detecting pipe 17 and / or the flow rate detector 18 is detected, and control is performed based on the detected signal. Device (cascade control device) 19
By controlling the rotation speed of the reduction gear 22 via the automatic conversion mechanism 21 or the rotation speed of the reduction gear 22 via the motor 23 with rotation control, the rotation speed of the inner cylinder 1 and the rotation speed of the cylinder 3 are controlled. The reciprocating speed is controlled so that a fluid having a predetermined pressure can be sucked and discharged.

As shown in FIG. 1, even if there is only one fluid suction chamber (discharge chamber), the fluid can be continuously sucked and the fluid can be continuously discharged, thereby preventing pulsation. Can also.

FIG. 2 shows the open / closed state of the suction holes A and C and the discharge holes B and D of FIG. In this figure,
An example is shown in which the suction holes A and C, the discharge holes B and D, and the through-holes 7 and 8 of the inner cylinder are formed with 90 ° long holes in the rotation direction.

As shown in FIG. 2A, the start position is a position where the piston is pushed to the tip in this figure.
The suction holes A and C and the discharge holes B and D are closed. Suction hole A
Indicates a suction start state, and the discharge hole D indicates a state of the discharge start.

Then, when the inner cylinder rotates 90 °, FIG.
As shown in (2), the suction hole A completely communicates with the through hole 8 of the inner cylinder, and the discharge hole D completely communicates with the through hole 7 of the inner cylinder.

Further, the inner cylinder rotates 90 ° (180 ° rotational position).
Then, as shown in FIG. 2 (3), the piston is pulled to the rear end, and the instantaneous switching position between the suction port and the discharge port is obtained. The suction holes A and C and the discharge holes B and D are closed, the suction hole C is in a suction start state, and the discharge hole B is in a discharge start state.

Further, the inner cylinder rotates 90 ° (270 ° rotational position).
Then, as shown in FIG. 2D, the suction hole C completely communicates with the through-hole 7 of the inner cylinder, and the discharge hole B completely communicates with the through-hole 8 of the inner cylinder.

Further, the inner cylinder rotates 90 ° (360 ° rotational position).
Then, as shown in FIG. 2 (5), the process returns to the initial start position. That is, it is the position where the piston is pushed to the tip,
This is the instantaneous switching position between the suction port and the discharge port. In this state, the suction holes A and C and the discharge holes B and D are closed, the suction hole A is in a suction start state, and the discharge hole D is in a discharge start state.

FIG. 3 shows the suction holes A and C in one cycle.
5 shows the waveform of the amount of fluid sucked and discharged from the discharge holes B and D. From FIG. 3, it can be seen that a fixed amount of fluid is sucked and discharged at positions other than the instantaneous switching position.
This is because even if the size of the suction hole and the discharge hole is different,
This is because the moving speed of the piston is constant, and a constant amount of fluid is sucked and discharged. If one cycle is 0.5 seconds, the switching position is (1/500) × 2 seconds, so
Experiments have confirmed that this is substantially the same as a certain amount of fluid being sucked and discharged, and does not substantially cause pulsation.

FIG. 4 shows a state in which a plurality of chambers in which the cylinder reciprocates are provided, and a switching position of a communication hole for suction / discharge in one chamber and a switching position of a communication hole for suction / discharge in the other chamber are shifted. An example in which rotation is performed will be described.

That is, in the upper device (first piston block), the suction hole A is opened and C is closed, and the discharge hole D is opened and B is closed. Therefore, this state indicates a state in which fluid is sucked from A and discharged from D.

In this state, in the lower device (second piston block), the suction holes G are opened, E is closed, the discharge holes F are opened, and H is closed. Therefore, this state indicates a state in which fluid is sucked from G and discharged from F.
The first piston block and the second piston block rotate in opposite directions because the bevel gears 11, 11 mesh with the bevel gear 20 and rotate.

Therefore, the first piston block and the second piston block are in reverse rotation in the state shown in FIG.

Thus, when one device is at the switching position, the other device is not at the switching position. Further, the switching position of the communication hole for suction / discharge is not the position where the piston is completely pushed and the position where the piston is completely pulled out unlike the embodiment of FIG.

As described above, when two apparatuses of the present invention are used, the waveform of FIG. 3 becomes substantially constant, and pulsation can be almost completely eliminated. In FIG. 4, 27 is a chamber stable supply device, 26 is a chamber pulsation prevention device, and 32 is a check valve. By providing the chamber stable supply device, the fluid suction input can be performed stably, and by providing the chamber pulsation prevention device, the fluid discharge supply can be performed stably, but these are not necessarily required. Absent.

FIG. 5 shows another embodiment of the present invention, in which two kinds of fluids are quantified by separate suction / discharge devices 33 and 33 'of the present invention, and are mixed by a predetermined amount. 1 shows an apparatus. This shows, for example, the case of using as a proportional infusion pump. For example, in order to remove silica adhering in piping of a plant for producing steam, a chemical having a predetermined composition is injected. A proportional injection pump is used for the purpose of compounding this chemical. In this case, the suction / discharge device of the present invention requires the number of the chemicals to be compounded. However, if it is configured as shown in FIG. Can be.

When the gears 35, 35 'meshing with the gear 34 fitted and fixed to the rotating shaft (drive shaft) 12' connected to the motor rotate, they are fixed to the rotating shafts 36, 36 'of the gears 35, 35'. Bevel gears 13a and 13a 'rotate, and the bevel gear 1
Bevel gears 11a, 11a meshing at right angles with 3a, 13a '
′ Rotates, and the inner cylinders 1a and 1a ′ connected to the bevel gears 11a and 11a ′ rotate. The cylinders 38, 38 'fitted and fixed to the rotating shaft 12' have crankshafts 14a, 1
4a 'is connected to the crankshafts 14a, 14a.
′ Are reciprocated. In the drawings, reference numerals 37 and 37 'denote filters for filtering fluid to be sucked.

In the above embodiment, the gear 34, the gears 35, 3
5 ', bevel gears 13a, 13a' and bevel gears 11a, 11
Since the number of teeth a ′ is the same, the rotation axis 12
When '′ makes one rotation, the inner cylinders 1a and 1a' make one rotation, and the piston rods 4a and 4a 'make one reciprocation.

FIG. 6 shows another embodiment of the suction / discharge device of the present invention.
A cylindrical flange member 40 is fitted and fixed via an O-ring 39. In addition, a screw hole 41 is formed in the cylindrical flange member 40, and a nude is nakedly fitted through the screw hole and fixed to the outer cylinder 2 '. In the drawings, A and C are suction holes, and B and D are discharge holes. The suction hole and the discharge hole of the cylindrical flange member 40 are formed as screw holes, and the pipes are screwed and connected to the screw holes.

The inner cylinder 1 'is rotatably fitted to the outer cylinder 2', and the tip of the inner cylinder is in contact with the tip of the outer cylinder 2 'via a bearing 42. The rear end of the outer cylinder is formed in a large-diameter cylinder,
A bearing 43 and an oil seal 44 are interposed between the large-diameter cylindrical portion and the inner cylinder 1 ', and a rotary valve oil seal holding member 45 is fitted and fixed to the rear end of the large-diameter cylindrical portion. ing.

Rotary valve oil seal holder 4
5, a bearing 4 is provided between the rear end large-diameter cylindrical portion and the inner cylinder 1 '.
6, a rotary valve press fitting 47 is fitted and fixed.

A cylinder 3 'is slidably fitted in the inner cylinder 1' and a piston shaft 4 'connected to the cylinder 3'.
Are slidably fitted in fitting holes of the seal member 48 fitted in the inner cylinder 1 '. The rear end of the seal member 48 is formed in a concave portion, and a seal material 49 is fitted and fixed between the concave portion and the piston shaft 4 '.

The rear end of the piston shaft 4 'is fixed via a crankshaft 14b to a rotating body 15a fixed to the rotating shaft 12a of the motor. A spiral miter bevel gear 11b is fixed to the rear end of the inner cylinder 1 ', and the spiral miter bevel gear 11b meshes at right angles with a spiral miter bevel gear 13b fixed to the rotating shaft 12a.

As the sealing member 48 and the sealing material 49, for example, a metal sealing material containing aluminum and carbon or aluminum, carbon and silicon can be used. An appropriate sealing material that does not leak may be selected according to the type of fluid used.

FIG. 7 shows an embodiment of the suction / discharge device of the present invention when used as a pump for a fuel cell. A cylindrical flange member 40 is fitted and fixed to the outer cylinder 2 '. A fluid volume inlet (A, C) is connected to a volume chamber (pressure vessel) 27 'through a pipe, and a fluid discharge port (B, D) is connected to a volume chamber (pressure vessel) 26' through a pipe. Have been. The volume chamber is not always necessary, but when formed in this way, the fluid can always be stably sucked (input) and the fluid can always be stably discharged (supplied).

6 except that the drive shaft 12a of the motor 50 is connected via a universal joint 51.
Similarly, the bevel gears 11b and 13b mesh with each other, and the piston shaft is connected to a rotating body 15a connected to a drive shaft via a crankshaft 14b.

FIG. 8 shows another embodiment of the present invention, in which an inner cylinder 1 'can be rotatably fitted to an outer cylinder 2'. The first cylinder 3a and the second cylinder 3b are slidably fitted in the inner cylinder 1 'via a central partition wall 28. The two cylinders 3a, 3b
Are connected by a piston shaft 4 'slidably fitted to the partition wall 28.

In each cylinder accommodating chamber of the inner cylinder 1 ', elongated through holes 7a, 8a and 7b, 8b are formed in the rotation direction. In the outer cylinder 2 ', suction holes A, C, E, G and discharge holes B, D, F, H are formed. As in the above-described embodiment, if the through holes communicate with the suction holes, a fluid is supplied. The fluid is discharged when sucked and communicated with the discharge hole.

The two through holes 7a and 7b and 8a and 8b
They are formed slightly shifted in the rotation direction. Therefore, as in the embodiment of FIG. 4, the switching position can be shifted, so that the exhaust pulsation can be more completely eliminated.

The suction holes A, C, E, G and the discharge holes B, D,
The inner cylinder communication portions of F and H are formed in the volume chamber 31. This serves to regulate the pressure, and when used as a compressor, serves as a receiver tank.

The size of the long hole formed in the inner cylinder of the present invention is 60 ° C. or more and 180 ° C., preferably approximately 90 ° to 180 °.
°.

The device of the present invention does not use a check valve in the pump mechanism, and is a piston type, so that suction is reliably performed.
Since the same amount as the suction amount can be reliably discharged, pulsation is not caused, and energy is not lost and high accuracy is achieved. Therefore, the performance of the vacuum pump function is much higher than the conventional one.

Further, the discharge pressure becomes high because the principle of mechanically pushing with a piston works, so that it can be used as a compressor. It is the first time that the apparatus of the present invention can perform the functions of the vacuum pump and the compressor with one apparatus.

The apparatus of the present invention can discharge fluid at a high speed or a low speed by changing the number of rotations, and can keep the pressure and the flow rate of the discharged fluid constant.

The apparatus of the present invention can be used as a vacuum pump, a high-pressure pump, a fixed-rate transfer pump, or a compressor. As described above, there is no device which can be used for multiple purposes.

If the pump of the present invention is used as a high-pressure washing pump, it can be easily washed at a higher pressure than the conventional one, and can be provided at a lower price than the conventional one. Further, when used as a well pump, the degree of vacuum is high, so that it can be used as a deep well pump.

Further, if used as a fire pump, a water pump and a fountain pump, the pressure can be increased, so that
Water rises to a higher position than conventional pumps. Further, if used as a hydraulic pump, it can be supplied at higher cost and at a lower cost than conventional hydraulic pumps.

[0055]

According to the present invention, it is possible to continuously suck and discharge continuously at a constant flow rate and a constant pressure.
Pulsation can be avoided, and it can be used as a vacuum pump, a high-pressure pump, and also as a compressor.

[0056]

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the open / closed state of the rotary valve of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of intake / exhaust waveforms using the rotary valve of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a side view showing another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing another embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1, 1 ', 1a Inner cylinder 2, 2' Outer cylinder 3, 3 ', 3a, 3b Cylinder 4, 4' Piston shaft 7, 7a, 7b Inner cylinder through hole 8, 8a, 8b Inner cylinder through hole 11 , 11 ', 11a, 11a', 11b Bevel gears connected to the inner cylinder 12, 12 ', 12a Driving shafts (rotary shafts) of the motors 13, 13', 13a, 13a ', 13b Umbrellas connected to the inner cylinder Bevel gear meshing with gears 14, 14a, 14b Crankshaft 17 Discharge pressure detecting tube 18 Flow rate detector A, C, F, H Suction holes B, D, E, G Discharge holes

Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat II (reference) F04B 49/06 321 F04B 21/02 C // F04B 35/01 35/00 101Z F-term (reference) 3H045 AA03 AA09 AA12 AA22 AA25 AA38 BA19 BA20 CA01 CA06 CA09 DA05 DA21 EA13 EA14 3H070 AA03 AA05 BB06 BB15 CC03 DD04 DD22 DD63 3H071 AA01 AA06 BB01 CC25 DD06 DD12 DD13 DD72 DD73 3H075 AA06 AA18 BB03 BB12 CC03 DA03 DB03 DA03 DA03 DA03 DA03 DA04 CC93

Claims (11)

[Claims] An inner cylinder rotatably fitted in a fitting hole of an apparatus body, a cylinder slidably fitted in the inner cylinder, and a plurality of through holes formed in the inner cylinder. When the cylinder reciprocates in conjunction with the rotation of the inner cylinder and one of the through holes of the inner cylinder communicates with the suction hole of the apparatus main body, the other through hole of the inner cylinder is connected to the apparatus main body. A fluid suction device that is configured to communicate with the discharge hole of the first fluid discharge device and to discharge the fluid from the communicated discharge hole when sucking the fluid through the communicated suction hole. 2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the apparatus main body is an outer cylinder or a block having a fitting hole. 3. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the through-holes of the inner cylinder are formed on surfaces facing each other and on both sides in a length direction at positions separated in a sliding direction of the cylinder. 4. The apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the through-hole of the inner cylinder is formed as a long hole that is long in the rotation direction. 5. The apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the long hole of the inner cylinder is formed in a long hole of approximately 60 ° to 180 °. 6. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of sets of suction holes and discharge holes of the apparatus main body which can communicate with the through-holes of the inner cylinder are formed at opposing positions. Item. 7. A plurality of chambers in which the cylinder reciprocates are provided, and a switching position of a communication hole for suction / discharge in one chamber is shifted from a switching position of a communication hole for suction / discharge in the other chamber. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the total amount of fluid sucked and discharged from the communication holes of both chambers is made substantially uniform by rotating the plurality of inner cylinders. 8. A volume chamber capable of storing a predetermined volume of gas is connected to a suction pipe and a discharge pipe connected to each of the suction port and the discharge port.
Or the apparatus according to 7. 9. A pressure and / or flow rate of a fluid discharged from the communicating through-hole is detected, and a rotation speed of the inner cylinder and a reciprocating speed of the cylinder are controlled based on the detected signal. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the apparatus is configured to be capable of sucking and discharging a fluid having a predetermined pressure or flow rate. 10. An end of the inner cylinder is connected or formed to a first gear, the first gear meshing with a second gear fixed to a rotating shaft of a motor, and a piston of the cylinder. A crankshaft for reciprocating a shaft is fixed to a rotating shaft of the motor via a rotating body, and the piston shaft is reciprocated once when the inner cylinder makes one rotation. An apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims. 11. A suction and discharge device for the fluid, comprising: a vacuum pump;
2. A high pressure pump, a fixed transfer pump or a compressor.
The device according to any one of claims 10 to 10.