JP2002250149A - Vibration control device usable for earthquake and wind in common - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a vibration control device which is usable for an earthquake and a wind in common, and exerts a sufficiently large vibration control effect. SOLUTION: In a shear panel type vibration control device 4 which reduces vibration of a structure by deforming an energy absorbing member 15, metal system vibration absorbing materials such as a zinc-aluminum alloy or the like, of which the material strength has a high strain speed sensitivity and the strength is stable to a rise in the temperature in an energy absorbing process, in which work hardening due to plasticization hardly happens, and which has a sufficiently large deforming performance, are used as the energy absorbing member, and the energy absorbing material 15 is installed deformably with a constitution that the out-of-plane buckling is restrained, and, in face contact in the vibration transmitting direction inside of a frame of a load transmitting frame comprised by connecting force imparting members 10 and 11 and a movable member 12 to each other on a pin 13 in the shape of a parallelogram.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an energy absorbing member having a material strength having a high strain rate sensitivity, a stable strength against a temperature rise in an energy absorbing process, and a work hardening by plasticization. It belongs to the technical field of a shear panel type vibration damping device that uses a metal-based vibration absorbing material that hardly occurs and has a sufficiently large deformation performance and reduces the vibration of a structure by deforming the material. The present invention relates to a vibration control device which can be used for both earthquake and wind, and exerts a sufficiently large vibration control (or vibration control, hereinafter the same) effect.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, vibration damping devices used for building structures to absorb vibrations are roughly divided into (a) vibration damping devices for reducing shaking caused by an earthquake, (b) wind, etc. There are used two types of vibration damping devices that absorb vibrations caused by vibrations and improve comfort.

[0003] In the field of (a) a hysteresis type vibration damping device for seismic force, conventionally, a large number of vibration damping devices using an extremely low yield point steel as an energy absorbing member have been used.

[0004] A lead-filled type vibration damping device using lead is also provided.
For example, Japanese Patent No. 2647609 and Japanese Patent No. 2650153
It is publicly known as described in Japanese Patent Publication No.

Further, recently, as a superplastic material suitable for an energy absorbing member of a vibration damper, for example, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 11-2
It is known to use a zinc-aluminum alloy (Zn-Al alloy) for damping disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 22463. It is known that this superplastic material does not cause work hardening and strain deterioration, and thus has a property of maintaining stable vibration resistance for a long period of time.

Next, in order to improve the livability of a high-rise building or the like, a vibration damping device installed for the purpose of reducing the vibration of the building mainly due to the wind as shown in (b) above has an energy absorbing member. Many vibration damping devices using a viscous body or a viscous material (hereinafter, collectively referred to as a viscous material) are known.
It is used. Vibration damping devices using these viscous materials generally have excellent deformation performance.

[0007]

(I) The hysteresis system of the hysteresis system using the above-mentioned extremely low yield point steel, once subjected to a plastic strain history due to an earthquake or the like, processes the extremely low yield point steel itself. Hardening increases the yield load. Therefore, after the second time,
The energy absorption performance becomes unstable, for example, the elastic region of the extremely low yield point steel becomes longer, and the energy absorption performance decreases.

[0008] The ultra-low yield point steel also suffers from deterioration in mechanical properties when subjected to plastic strain, making it difficult to grasp the performance during continuous use and failing to maintain the initial damping performance. And it is necessary to replace the energy absorbing member (extremely low yield point steel).

(II) In the case of a lead-filled type vibration damping device using lead, the room temperature strength of lead itself is low, and therefore, the same level of vibration damping performance as a vibration damping device using extremely low yield point steel is realized. Requires a large amount of lead. However, since lead has a large specific gravity, the weight of the entire vibration damping device eventually increases, handling becomes poor, and the load on the structure is large. Furthermore, since lead is a toxic metal, its use is not preferred for environmental protection. In addition, for lead-filled vibration damping devices using lead, a mechanism has been proposed in which lead is sealed to cause equal volume deformation. However, since there is elastic deformation of the stiffening member, complete It is difficult to achieve volume deformation. In addition, lead conducts heat with respect to heat generation due to energy absorption,
The property of escaping is poor, and the strength is significantly reduced during repeated deformation. For this reason, it is easy to cause sagging, a gap occurs between the loading member that did not exist in the initial stage of encapsulation, and a problem such as a slip type plastic strain history and unstable vibration resistance performance was pointed out. I have.

(III) Next, a superplastic material "zinc-aluminum alloy (Zn-Al alloy)" as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-222643 is used as an energy absorbing member of the vibration damping device. If so, the following considerations must be overcome.

That is, this kind of superplastic material is work hardened,
Stable vibration resistance is maintained for a long time because it does not cause strain deterioration.On the other hand, the superplastic material `` room temperature high-speed superplastic alloy '' having a fine grain structure loses the stability of the metal structure, A processing method involving large heat input, such as "welding", cannot be performed on a joining means with a member (or a pressing jig). In addition, superplastic material "room-temperature high-speed superplastic alloy"
As compared with low yield point steels, when local buckling occurs, "strain concentration" is likely to occur, and there is a problem that a conventional buckling stiffening method cannot be used.

Further, although not as high as lead, superplastic materials have a reduced material strength due to heat generation during energy absorption, so that heat dissipation measures are an important issue.

(IV) Next, the vibration damping device using the above-mentioned viscous material has a very large temperature dependency of various characteristics, and the heat generation in the energy absorption process causes the rigidity to increase with the temperature rise of several tens of degrees Celsius.
Since the damping characteristics and the like are significantly reduced, the damping characteristics are rapidly reduced.

In summer and winter, the temperature to which the viscous material is exposed differs greatly, so that the vibration damping performance also differs greatly. Therefore, the place where the viscous vibration damping device is installed on the structure is not suitable around the outer wall where the temperature changes drastically, and is limited to a place near the living space where the temperature changes little.

Since viscous materials generally have a low material strength, the size of the apparatus itself increases, and there is a problem that the effective installation space for the structure is further limited.

(V) In the current vibration control technology, a hysteretic vibration control device for an earthquake and a viscous vibration control device for a wind need to be used for different purposes. There is no vibration damping device that can be used for both earthquakes and winds and can exhibit a sufficiently large vibration damping effect. It is for the following reasons.

For example, a vibration damping device using extremely low yield point steel
When designed to plasticize against an external earthquake force,
As a result of giving priority to the purpose of securing the deformation performance of the hysteretic energy absorbing material stably, in the extremely small amplitude region such as wind load for the purpose of improving livability, the extremely low yield point steel is used as the elastic region. And can hardly exhibit the energy absorbing ability.

Conversely, if a vibration damping device using, for example, an extremely low yield point steel is designed to be plastic with respect to wind for the purpose of habitability, an earthquake having a larger amplitude is experienced, and In the case of the above, in addition to the problem that the hysteretic type energy absorbing material has a deformation performance limit as described above, since the strength increases due to work hardening in the functional aspect thereafter, it is no longer possible to deal with external wind force. Only elastic behavior is exhibited, and effective energy absorbing ability cannot be exhibited, and so on.
Therefore, there is a problem that the energy absorbing member must be replaced.

That is, a hysteretic vibration damping device using an extremely low yield point steel or the like has a wind external force for improving the livability of the building or an earthquake external force for reducing the seismic response of the building. It is impossible to combine both functions.

On the other hand, in the case of a vibration damping device using a viscous material, the material strength has a strain rate dependency, and the deformation performance is better than that of a hysteretic material. Although it can exhibit energy absorption performance against both wind external force for the purpose of improvement and external force during a large earthquake, it has the following disadvantages.

In a large-amplitude region at the time of a large earthquake, heat resistance at the time of energy absorption causes a sudden decrease in proof strength, and vibration control performance is unstable. Also, in addition to the low stress level compared to ultra-low yield point steel, due to the problem of reduced strength as described above,
When an earthquake is targeted, the required number of vibration damping devices becomes very large, and it is very difficult to secure an installation space for the vibration damping devices. In other words, it is extremely difficult for a viscous vibration control device to have both the external wind force for improving the livability of the building and the external vibration force for reducing the seismic response of the building. It is.

(VI) Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a shear panel type vibration damping device which overcomes all the problems when the above-described superplastic material is used for an energy absorbing member of the vibration damping device.

A second object of the present invention is to use a metal-based vibration absorbing material which has excellent deformation performance, hardly causes work hardening due to plasticization and has high strain rate sensitivity as an energy absorbing member, and maximizes its material strength characteristics. This is a shear-type vibration damping device that has been devised to make the most of it. The vibration-damping performance works effectively and stably against vibrations caused by external wind and seismic forces in the building structure. An object of the present invention is to provide a multipurpose or multifunctional vibration damping device that does not require replacement of an absorbing member.

A further object of the present invention is to provide a heat radiating means for quickly dissipating generated heat of the energy absorbing member to suppress a rise in temperature. It is an object of the present invention to provide a vibration damping device in which the vibration damping performance is always stable on both sides of the large deformation caused by the vibration.

[0025]

As a means for solving the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, the vibration damping device according to the first aspect of the present invention, which can be used for both earthquake and wind, has a material strength as an energy absorbing member. Using a metal-based vibration absorbing material that has high strain rate sensitivity, stable strength against temperature rise in the energy absorption process, hardly causes work hardening due to plasticization, and has sufficiently large deformation performance, What is claimed is: 1. A shear panel type vibration damping device for reducing vibration of a structure by deforming said energy absorbing member, wherein said shearing panel type vibration damping device is provided within a frame of a load transmitting frame formed by connecting a load member and a movable member with pins in a parallelogram shape. The energy absorbing member is characterized in that its out-of-plane buckling is restrained and the energy absorbing member is deformably installed in a configuration in which the energy absorbing member is in surface contact with the vibration transmitting direction.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the vibration damping device which can be used for both earthquake and wind as set forth in the first aspect, the energy absorbing member is provided between the upper side and the force applying member which comes into surface contact with the energy absorbing member.
It is characterized in that a member for preventing lifting of the energy absorbing member when it is deformed is provided.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided the vibration damping device according to the first aspect, which is stiffened by stiffening ribs, is in surface contact with both surfaces of the energy absorbing member, and has an outer surface thereof. The heat dissipation fin is provided on the restraint plate for restraining bending.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the vibration damping device according to the first aspect, the energy absorbing member is made of a zinc-aluminum alloy.

[0029]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of a shear panel type vibration damping device which can be used for both earthquakes and winds according to the first to fourth aspects of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

First, FIG. 1 shows an embodiment in which a shear panel type vibration damping device 4 is installed using a V-shaped brace 3 in the plane of a ramen frame surrounded by columns 1 and beams 2. . Horizontal force and interlayer deformation due to an earthquake or wind load are transmitted to the vibration damping device 4 through the brace 3 and are attenuated. The application of the shear panel type vibration damping device 4 can also be carried out in a manner of transmitting horizontal force and interlayer deformation using studs or the like.

FIGS. 2 to 5 show that, as an energy absorbing member, the material strength has a high strain rate sensitivity, the strength is stable against a temperature rise in the energy absorbing process, An embodiment of a vibration damping device 4 that hardly occurs and uses a metal-based vibration absorbing material having sufficiently large deformation performance and deforms the material to reduce vibration of a structure is shown.

This shear panel type vibration damping device has upper and lower force members 10 and 11 and two rod-like movable members 12 and
12 are connected to each other by pins 13 so as to form a parallelogram (parallelogram link), thereby forming a load transmission frame exhibiting a so-called parallel link mechanism deformation.

In the example of FIG. 1, the brace 3 is joined to the mounting plate 10a of the upper loading member 10, and the mounting plate 11a of the lower loading member 11 is fixed to the lower beam 2 by means such as bolting. It is installed in such a way that it receives horizontal force such as earthquake and transmission of interlayer displacement and causes parallelogram deformation in the horizontal direction.

As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the frontal shape is formed in the parallelogram frame formed by the upper and lower force members 10 and 11 and the two movable members 12 and 12. An energy absorbing member 15 formed in the same shape and the same square (or a rectangular shape) is enclosed.

More specifically, the lower force member 1
1 and is enclosed by two restraining plates 16 and 16 and two movable members 12 and 12 which closely contact the front and rear surfaces of the energy absorbing member 15 to restrain out-of-plane buckling. In the closed space, the energy absorbing member 15 is provided so as to be shearable and deformable in a configuration in which the entire surface is in surface contact with the vibration transmitting direction. The plate thickness of the energy absorbing member 15 is formed uniformly.

Inside the lower force member 11, a bottom raising plate 17 for raising the bottom so that the bottom surface of the energy absorbing member 15 is higher than the position of the pin 13 is provided, and the energy absorbing member 15 is mounted thereon. Have been. A gap between the upper side (upper surface) of the energy absorbing member 15 and the horizontal lower bottom surface of the upper force applying member 10 is filled to realize a surface contact state, and the rising of the energy absorbing member 15 during deformation is prevented. A lifting prevention member 18 for preventing the rotation is provided (the invention according to claim 2).

The upper side of the restraining plate 16 is set at the same height as the upper side of the energy absorbing member 15, so that the effect of the out-of-plane buckling restraining effect is completely equalized. After all, the upper side of the restraint plate 16
The upper pressing member 10 is in contact with the lower bottom surface.

The outer surface of the constraining plate 16 is stiffened with sufficient strength to restrain out-of-plane buckling of the energy absorbing member 15 by vertical and horizontal stiffening ribs 19 arranged in a frame shape on almost the entire surface. Have been. As described above, the radiation fins 20 are provided on almost the entire outer surface of the restraining plate 16 except for the stiffening ribs 19, which are in surface contact with both surfaces of the energy absorbing member 15, and the energy absorbing member 15 is generated at the time of deformation. The heat is quickly radiated (the invention according to claim 3).

In the case of the shear panel type vibration damping device, when the load transmitting frame subjected to the horizontal load is deformed, the height is slightly reduced due to the parallelogram shear type deformation. The buckling stiffener is slightly distorted to maintain an equal volume. This action enables transmission of force without loosening and slippage as a whole.

The energy absorbing member 1 used in this vibration damping device
No. 5 has high strain rate sensitivity in material strength as described above, strength is stable against temperature rise in energy absorption process, hardly causes work hardening due to plasticization, and has sufficiently large deformation performance. And a zinc-aluminum alloy as described above can be applied (the invention according to claim 4).

The material strength used for the energy absorbing member 15 of the shear panel type vibration damping device has a high strain rate sensitivity, and the strength is stable with respect to a temperature rise in the energy absorption process. A metal-based vibration-absorbing material that hardly causes work hardening due to plasticization and has a sufficiently large deformation performance ”(hereinafter referred to as“ material M ”) is a metal material having a high strain rate dependence of strength, and is subject to strain deterioration. It is an energy-absorbing material that has excellent deformation performance and has a small decrease in strength due to heat generation during the energy absorption process. It is possible to provide a vibration damping device that exhibits excellent energy absorption capability in both of the “deformation” and does not require replacement.

The vibration damping device incorporating the energy absorbing member 15 has a low strain rate and small deformation area such as wind.
The energy absorbing member 15 yields and plasticizes early, and exhibits an energy absorbing effect. On the other hand, in an area of high strain rate and large deformation such as an earthquake, the strength increases due to the strength strain rate sensitivity of the energy absorbing member 15, so that yielding and plasticization can be delayed, so that an extremely large energy absorbing ability is exhibited. I do. In addition, unlike the conventional hysteresis type vibration damping device, there is almost no problem that, once plasticized, work hardening occurs. Therefore, the vibration damping device exerts an energy absorbing ability according to the external force level input to the building structure. This concept is shown in FIG. With the material M,
The mechanism for applying the plastic strain to the energy absorbing member 15 may be any mechanism such as compression-tensile, shear, torsion or bending deformation. Further, it is understood that the configuration of the vibration damping device is not particularly limited, such as a brace type, a shear panel type, and a stud type.

Here, "specifically, the material strength has high strain rate sensitivity" means that the strain rate sensitivity index m is 0.
Three or more materials are desirable. Here, m = (Lnσ ₂ / Lnσ
Given in the form of _{1) / (Lnv 1 / Lnv} 2). σ ₁ is
It is the flow stress of the material M at the strain rate v ₁ and σ ₂
Is a flow stress of the material M at the time of the strain rate v _2, v
_2> v _1. This is shown in FIG.

The “material whose strength is stable against temperature rise in the energy absorption process” means that the rate of decrease in material strength at around 100 ° C. is about room temperature (compared at the same deformation rate). (About 20 ° C.) is within 30% of the material strength.

"Material that hardly causes work hardening due to plasticization" means that there is almost no increase in material strength due to plastic strain history.

Further, “material having sufficient deformation performance”
Is a material having a ductility of 100% or more in a static tensile test at room temperature. If the material has such a large ductility, large deformation can be tolerated as the energy absorbing member 15.

The energy absorbing material 15 that satisfies all of the above conditions is specifically a room-temperature high-speed superplastic material.
Zn-Al alloy (JP-A-11-222643) and the like can be mentioned.

A disadvantage of the material M having the above energy absorption characteristics is that welding cannot be performed, so that a force transmission mechanism by welding cannot be used (a room-temperature high-speed superplastic alloy such as a Zn-Al alloy has a fine grain structure. It is characterized by the fact that the stability of the metal structure is lost due to the heat input by welding, and the energy absorption capacity cannot be exerted.) Special considerations are necessary because they are weak (the material does not work harden, so stable vibration resistance is maintained over a long period of time. On the contrary, if buckling deformation or stress concentration occurs extremely, local deformation concentrates And it will destroy even the most superplastic material.)

The present invention has been made in view of the above points. In particular, a) a load transmission mechanism other than welding is used for transmitting a force from the load-bearing frame to the energy absorbing member 15. b) The energy absorbing member 15 processed into a shape that avoids stress concentration under the above conditions is deformed. a) a mechanism and a function capable of maximally stiffening the buckling of the energy absorbing member 15 generated during deformation;
It is a multipurpose and high performance vibration damping device.

In addition, the metal-based vibration absorbing material M used as the energy absorbing member 15 is a harmless metal and has a specific gravity that is about half that of lead, so that it is lightweight and safe (environmentally friendly). Can be provided.

Further, since thermal conductivity is better than that of lead,
There is an advantage that the temperature rise of the material due to the strain is small. In particular, the above-mentioned Zn-Al alloy is much more excellent in room temperature strength and plastic deformation ability than lead, and thus its properties are optimally used for a vibration damping device. Since the energy absorbing member 15 is effectively cooled by the radiation fins 20 and the out-of-plane buckling is reliably prevented, a reduction in the proof stress of the vibration damping device is minimized, and the design performance is satisfied and maintained. That is, the vibration damping device of the present invention has a configuration in which the enclosed energy absorbing member 15 is constrained from six sides and employs a mechanism for causing the vibration absorbing material M to undergo quasi-equal volume deformation. It is used effectively and the proof stress is stable.

[0052]

Next, an embodiment of a vibration damping performance test performed using the vibration damping device having the above-described configuration will be described. The test is a horizontal force test. The used energy absorbing member 15 is the above-mentioned Zn-Al alloy, and its size and shape are a square having a length, width and thickness of 300 × 300 × 10 mm. The test conditions were an amplitude of ± 16 mm, 1.2 Hz, and 10 cycles. As a result of the test, FIG. 6 shows the load-displacement relationship (plastic strain history) of the vibration damping device having no heat radiation fins 20, and FIG. 7 shows the load-displacement relationship of the vibration damping device provided with the heat radiation fins 20. .

In short, according to FIG.
It has been confirmed that the vibration damping device provided with the above has a more stable hysteresis characteristic than the vibration damping device of FIG.

Further, FIG. 10 shows the vibration damping effect of the extremely low yield point steel (open circle) and the vibration damping device using the above-mentioned material M of the present invention for the energy absorbing member 15 (black circle). A comparison is shown. It is clear that the vibration damping device of the present invention exerts a good vibration damping effect on both earthquake and wind.

[0055]

[Effects of the present invention] The vibration damping device according to the first to fourth aspects of the present invention, which can be used for both earthquakes and winds, has an energy absorption capability varying from a small amplitude to a large amplitude according to the amplitude, thereby reducing the wind load. In the assumed small-amplitude region, plasticization occurs early with low stress to exhibit energy absorption capacity, and in the large-amplitude scenario, high stress results in an ideal property that can exhibit high energy absorption capacity according to external force. Show. In addition, even in the small amplitude region after the large amplitude experience, the reproducibility of the history is good, the vibration control device is versatile, does not require replacement of the energy absorbing member, and can be used stably for a long period of time.

That is, it exhibits excellent deformation performance even in the event of an earthquake, has a response reduction effect almost equivalent to that of a hysteresis type vibration damping device, and has a smaller effect than a vibration damping device having no speed sensitivity in the case of wind power. Response is low. This is because the proof stress of the vibration damping device, which is indicated by the decrease in the strain rate, becomes small and the plasticization occurs early, so that the energy absorbing effect is effectively exhibited.

In addition, the vibration damping device of the present invention is provided with heat radiating means for quickly dissipating the heat generated by the energy absorbing member generated in the energy absorbing process to suppress the temperature rise, so that the vibration damping performance is always stable. I have.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an elevation view showing an application example of a vibration damping device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view of the vibration damping device of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line III-III of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line IV-IV of FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line VV of FIG. 2;

FIG. 6 is a load-displacement diagram when there is no radiation fin.

FIG. 7 is a load-displacement diagram when a radiation fin is provided.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing a state in which a material M exhibits an energy absorbing ability according to an input external force level.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing a state of flow stress of a material M.

10 (a) to 10 (h) are performance diagrams showing a vibration damping effect of the vibration damping device of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 15 energy absorbing member (superplastic material) 10 upper loading member 11 lower loading member 12 movable member 13 pin 18 lifting prevention member 19 stiffening rib 16 restraint plate 20 radiation fin

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Takahisa Ogawa 1-5-1, Otsuka, Inzai City, Chiba Prefecture Inside the Research Institute of Takenaka Corporation (72) Inventor Toshio Saito 1-5-1, Otsuka, Inzai City, Chiba Prefecture (72) Inventor Koichi Makii Koichi Makii 1-5-5 Takatsukadai, Nishi-ku, Kobe City, Hyogo Prefecture Kobe Steel Engineering Co., Ltd.Kobe Research Institute (72) Inventor Yuichi Seki Kobe, Hyogo Prefecture 1-5-5 Takatsukadai, Nishi-ku, Kobe, Japan Kobe Steel, Ltd. Kobe Research Institute F-term (reference) 2E001 DG01 HB04 HB07 KA03 LA18 3J048 AA05 AC06 BC09 BD04 EA38

Claims (4)

[Claims] As an energy absorbing member, the material strength has a high strain rate sensitivity, the strength is stable against a temperature rise in an energy absorbing process, and hardly causes work hardening due to plasticization. What is claimed is: 1. A shear panel-type vibration damping device that uses a metal-based vibration absorbing material having a large deformation performance and reduces the vibration of a structure by deforming said energy absorbing member. Wherein the energy absorbing member is provided so as to be deformable in a configuration in which the out-of-plane buckling is restricted and the surface of the energy absorbing member is in surface contact with the vibration transmitting direction in a frame of the load transmitting frame formed by pin connection. A vibration control device that can be used for both earthquake and wind. 2. A lift preventing member when the energy absorbing member is deformed is provided between an upper side of the energy absorbing member and a force member in surface contact with the energy absorbing member.
The vibration damping device according to claim 1, which can be used for both earthquake and wind. 3. A radiating fin is provided on a restraining plate stiffened by a stiffening rib and in surface contact with both surfaces of the energy absorbing member to restrain buckling out of the surface. Vibration suppression device that can be used for both earthquake and wind described in. 4. The vibration damping device according to claim 1, wherein the energy absorbing member is a zinc-aluminum alloy.