JP2002241155A - Gypsum composition and high density gypsum board and their manufacturing method - Google Patents
Gypsum composition and high density gypsum board and their manufacturing methodInfo
- Publication number
- JP2002241155A JP2002241155A JP2001034364A JP2001034364A JP2002241155A JP 2002241155 A JP2002241155 A JP 2002241155A JP 2001034364 A JP2001034364 A JP 2001034364A JP 2001034364 A JP2001034364 A JP 2001034364A JP 2002241155 A JP2002241155 A JP 2002241155A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- gypsum
- composition
- gypsum board
- density
- weight
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/14—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements
- C04B28/145—Calcium sulfate hemi-hydrate with a specific crystal form
- C04B28/146—Calcium sulfate hemi-hydrate with a specific crystal form alpha-hemihydrate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B11/00—Calcium sulfate cements
- C04B11/02—Methods and apparatus for dehydrating gypsum
- C04B11/024—Ingredients added before, or during, the calcining process, e.g. calcination modifiers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/30—Nailable or sawable materials
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】この出願の発明は、石膏組成
物と高密度石膏ボードおよびそれらの製造方法に関する
ものである。さらに詳しくは、この出願の発明は、廃棄
物をその特性を活かして再利用することができる石膏組
成物とネジ保持力の高い高密度石膏ボード、およびそれ
らを効率良く安価に製造することができる方法に関する
ものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a gypsum composition, a high-density gypsum board, and a method for producing the same. More specifically, the invention of this application makes it possible to efficiently and inexpensively manufacture a gypsum composition and a high-density gypsum board having a high screw holding power that can reuse waste by utilizing its properties. It is about the method.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術とその課題】建材等として多用される石膏
ボードに関しては、建築工法を合理化するものとして、
直接の釘止めを可能とする剛性が高く高密度な石膏ボー
ドの実現が期待されている。このような石膏ボードとし
ては、たとえば、石膏材料に繊維化したパルプ材を５〜
１５重量％程度添加したパルプ石膏ボード等が公知であ
るが、このパルプ石膏ボードは、製造過程において、添
加する繊維が嵩高となるために混練が困難となる欠点が
ある。また、混練水を著しく増量して混練する場合に
は、かえって石膏ボードの強度低下を引き起したり、乾
燥に時間とエネルギーを要するなどの問題が生じる。従
って、パルプ石膏ボードをラインで生産するにはパルプ
材の添加量を３重量％程度以下にまで下げなければなら
ず、十分な剛性を備えるパルプ石膏ボードは得られなか
った。2. Description of the Related Art Gypsum board, which is frequently used as a building material, is used to streamline the construction method.
The realization of a high-density gypsum board with high rigidity that enables direct nailing is expected. As such a gypsum board, for example, a pulp material fiberized into a gypsum material is used for 5 to 5 hours.
A pulp gypsum board to which about 15% by weight is added is known, but this pulp gypsum board has a drawback that kneading becomes difficult because the added fiber becomes bulky in a manufacturing process. In addition, when kneading is carried out by remarkably increasing the amount of kneading water, problems such as lowering the strength of the gypsum board and requiring more time and energy for drying occur. Therefore, in order to produce pulp gypsum board on a line, the amount of pulp added must be reduced to about 3% by weight or less, and a pulp gypsum board having sufficient rigidity has not been obtained.
【０００３】一方で、近年、各種の産業においてリサイ
クルへの取り組みが本格化してきており、建設業界にお
いても建設廃棄物を始めとする各種の廃棄物をリサイク
ルする気運が高まっている。例えば、特開平８−２３１
２５８には、パルプ材の代わりに紙チップを配合するこ
とで、リサイクルができ、剛性および密度が高められる
複合石膏ボードが提案されるなどしている。[0003] On the other hand, in recent years, various industries have begun to work on recycling, and the construction industry is increasingly motivated to recycle various wastes including construction wastes. For example, JP-A-8-231
No. 258 proposes a composite gypsum board in which paper chips are blended in place of pulp material, which can be recycled and have increased rigidity and density.
【０００４】そこで、この出願の発明は、以上の通りの
事情に鑑みてなされたものであり、従来技術の問題点を
解消し、建材等として有用で、廃棄物をその特性を活か
して再利用することができる石膏組成物および剛性の高
い高密度石膏ボード、さらにそれらを効率良く安価に製
造することができる方法を提供することを課題としてい
る。Accordingly, the invention of this application has been made in view of the above circumstances, solves the problems of the prior art, is useful as a building material, etc., and reuses waste by utilizing its characteristics. It is an object of the present invention to provide a gypsum composition and a high-density gypsum board having high rigidity, and a method for efficiently and inexpensively producing them.
【０００５】[0005]
【課題を解決するための手段】そこで、この出願の発明
は、上記の課題を解決するものとして、以下の通りの発
明を提供する。Accordingly, the invention of this application provides the following invention to solve the above problems.
【０００６】すなわち、まず第１には、この出願の発明
は、α型半水石膏を主成分とし、パルプスラッジが配合
されていることを特徴とする石膏組成物を提供する。That is, first of all, the invention of the present application provides a gypsum composition characterized by containing pulp sludge containing α-type hemihydrate gypsum as a main component.
【０００７】そして第２には、この出願の発明は、上記
第１の発明の石膏組成物を製造する方法であって、二水
石膏からなる石膏材料にパルプスラッジを加えて混合・
混練し、粒状または小塊状に加圧成型した組成物を、１
５０℃以上２５０℃以下の温度範囲で加熱して脱水させ
ることを特徴とする石膏組成物の製造方法や、第３に
は、その加熱は遠赤外線の照射により行うことを特徴と
する石膏組成物の製造方法を提供する。Secondly, the invention of this application is a method for producing the gypsum composition of the first invention, wherein pulp sludge is added to a gypsum material composed of gypsum dihydrate and mixed.
The composition kneaded and pressure-formed into granules or small lumps is mixed with 1
A method for producing a gypsum composition characterized by heating and dehydrating by heating in a temperature range of 50 ° C. to 250 ° C. And a method for producing the same.
【０００８】また、第４には、この出願の発明は、上記
の発明の石膏組成物をその主材料とし、補強材１〜１０
重量％、凝結遅延剤を含む水溶液３０〜５０重量％が添
加されて混練された混練物に振動を与えながら加圧成型
された板状体を、養生、硬化してなることを特徴とする
高密度石膏ボードや、第５には、その補強材が、ガラス
繊維、衣料廃棄物、ゴム質廃棄物のうちのいずれか１種
あるいは２種以上の混合物を解砕したものであることを
特徴とする高密度石膏ボードを提供する。[0008] Fourth, the invention of this application uses the gypsum composition of the above invention as a main material, and comprises reinforcing materials 1 to 10
% By weight, and a pressure-molded plate is cured and hardened while applying vibration to the kneaded material to which 30 to 50% by weight of an aqueous solution containing a setting retarder is added. Density gypsum board, and fifthly, the reinforcing material is a material obtained by crushing any one or a mixture of two or more of glass fiber, clothing waste, and rubber waste. To provide high density gypsum board.
【０００９】さらに、第６には、この出願の発明は、上
記発明の高密度石膏ボードの製造方法であって、石膏組
成物に、補強材１〜１０重量％、凝結遅延剤を含む水溶
液３０〜５０重量％を添加して混練した混練物を、振動
を与えながら加圧成型して板状体とし、養生、硬化させ
て高密度な石膏ボードとすること特徴とする高密度石膏
ボードの製造方法を、第７には、１０００〜２０００Ｈ
ｚの振動を加えることを特徴とする高密度石膏ボードの
製造方法を提供する。Sixth, the invention of this application relates to a method for producing a high-density gypsum board according to the above invention, wherein the gypsum composition contains 1 to 10% by weight of a reinforcing material and an aqueous solution 30 containing a setting retarder. The high-density gypsum board is manufactured by press-molding a kneaded product obtained by adding about 50% by weight to obtain a plate-like body while applying vibration, curing and curing to obtain a high-density gypsum board. Seventh, 1000-2000H
Provided is a method for manufacturing a high-density gypsum board, characterized by applying a vibration of z.
【００１０】[0010]
【発明の実施の形態】この出願の発明は、上記の通りの
特徴を持つものであるが、以下にその実施の形態につい
て説明する。BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The invention of this application has the features as described above, and embodiments thereof will be described below.
【００１１】まず、この出願の発明が提供する石膏組成
物は、α型半水石膏を主成分とし、パルプスラッジが配
合されている。α，β型の半水石膏、特にα型半水石膏
は、セッコウとして一般に広く使用されている二水石膏
等に比べて、たとえば、パルプ材等と混練する場合の混
水量が少量でよい。したがって、α型半水石膏を主成分
とする石膏組成物を実現することで、混練水を少なくし
ても繊維状のパルプ材等を大量に配合して成型体を得る
ことができ、剛性が高く、高密度な石膏ボード等の実現
が可能となる。この出願の発明の石膏組成物において
は、石膏成分のうちの６０％以上、より好ましくは６０
〜７０％程度がα型半水石膏であって、残りがβ型半水
石膏で構成されている。First, the gypsum composition provided by the invention of this application contains gypsum hemihydrate gypsum as a main component and pulp sludge. α, β-type hemihydrate gypsum, particularly α-type hemihydrate gypsum, requires a smaller amount of water when kneaded with, for example, a pulp material than gypsum or the like, which is generally widely used as gypsum. Therefore, by realizing a gypsum composition containing α-type hemihydrate gypsum as a main component, a molded body can be obtained by blending a large amount of fibrous pulp material or the like even if kneading water is reduced, and the rigidity is reduced. High and high density gypsum board can be realized. In the gypsum composition of the invention of this application, 60% or more, more preferably 60%, of the gypsum component.
About 70% is gypsum hemihydrate gypsum, and the rest is gamma hemihydrate gypsum.
【００１２】パルプスラッジは、木質パルプおよび粘土
質クレーを含有し、一般的に水分７０％、木質パルプ２
０％、粘土質クレー１０％という高含水状態で製紙工場
等から排出される産業廃棄物である。このようなパルプ
スラッジの一部は、脱水および乾燥させてクレー分を除
き、再生パルプとしてリサイクル資源としたり、更に焼
却してその焼却灰をセラミック原料の一部として再利用
したりもしている。しかしながら、パルプスラッジは保
水力が高く、乾燥させるだけでも大量のエネルギーを要
するため、その再利用は広く展開されておらず、大部分
のパルプスラッジが多額の費用で産業廃棄物のまま処分
されているのが現状である。そこで、この出願の発明に
おいては、石膏組成物にパルプスラッジを配合すること
で、産業廃棄物として処理されていたパルプスラッジを
乾燥等の手間をかけずに大量に再利用することができ
る。The pulp sludge contains woody pulp and clayey clay and generally has a water content of 70% and woody pulp 2
Industrial waste discharged from paper mills and the like in a high water content of 0% and clay clay 10%. A part of such pulp sludge is dewatered and dried to remove clay components, and is used as recycled resources as recycled pulp, and is further incinerated to reuse the incinerated ash as a part of ceramic raw materials. However, since pulp sludge has a high water retention capacity and requires a large amount of energy to dry, its reuse is not widely deployed, and most pulp sludge is disposed of as industrial waste at a large cost. That is the current situation. Therefore, in the invention of this application, by mixing pulp sludge with the gypsum composition, pulp sludge that has been treated as industrial waste can be reused in large quantities without trouble such as drying.
【００１３】この出願の発明の石膏組成物は、廃棄物と
して搬出されたパルプスラッジをそのまま二水石膏から
なる石膏材料に加えて混合・混練し、粒状または小塊状
に加圧成型した組成物を、１５０℃以上２５０℃以下の
温度範囲で加熱して脱水させることで製造することがで
きる。[0013] The gypsum composition of the invention of the present application is obtained by adding pulp sludge carried out as waste to a gypsum material composed of gypsum dihydrate as it is, mixing and kneading it, and pressing and molding into a granule or a small lump. , In a temperature range of 150 ° C. or more and 250 ° C. or less for dehydration.
【００１４】二水石膏としては、天然に産出され一般に
セッコウとして使用される二水石膏や、リン酸工業にお
いて副産されるリン酸石膏、電力脱硫セッコウ、排煙脱
硫セッコウ、さらには建設廃棄物である石膏ボードより
分別される石膏分等を用いることができる。Examples of the dihydrate gypsum include dihydrate gypsum naturally produced and generally used as gypsum, phosphate gypsum by-produced in the phosphoric acid industry, power desulfurization gypsum, flue gas desulfurization gypsum, and construction waste. A gypsum fraction separated from a gypsum board can be used.
【００１５】パルプスラッジとしては、製紙工場等から
排出されたままの高含水のパルプスラッジや、脱水され
含水率が低くなったパルプスラッジ等を使用することが
できる。パルプスラッジの含水率については、α半水石
膏の混水量が確保できればよいが、たとえば、通常排出
される、含水率が７０±１０％程度の高含水のパルプス
ラッジ等が好適に使用できる。また、たとえば、大気中
に数ヶ月間放置されたパルプスラッジ等も、その保水力
から約５０％近い水分は失われずに保持されているた
め、この発明の石膏組成物として用いることができる。
もちろん、乾燥させたパルプスラッジに混練水を配合し
て用いること等も可能である。パルプスラッジの木質パ
ルプ分および粘土質クレー分については、乾燥重量で、
それぞれ６０〜８０％程度、２０〜４０％程度であるこ
とが好ましい。As the pulp sludge, pulp sludge having a high water content as it is discharged from a paper mill or the like, pulp sludge dewatered to have a low water content, or the like can be used. As for the water content of the pulp sludge, it is sufficient that the water content of the α-hemihydrate gypsum can be ensured. Further, for example, pulp sludge that has been left in the atmosphere for several months can be used as the gypsum composition of the present invention, since approximately 50% of water is retained without loss due to its water retention capacity.
Of course, it is also possible to mix and use the kneading water with the dried pulp sludge. For the woody pulp content and clayey clay content of pulp sludge,
It is preferably about 60 to 80% and about 20 to 40%, respectively.
【００１６】この石膏組成物の主成分であるα型半水石
膏を二水石膏から得るには、二水石膏を１気圧以上の加
圧された水熱条件で脱水させる必要があるが、従来法の
ように高圧釜を用いる方法は非常にコストのかかる。そ
こでこの出願の発明においては、圧力釜を用いずに、簡
便にα型半水石膏を得るために、その含有物であるパル
プスラッジの性質を巧みに利用し、加熱中に石膏組成物
自身が水蒸気を拘束して組成物内の気圧を高く保つよう
にしている。[0016] In order to obtain α-type hemihydrate gypsum as a main component of the gypsum composition from gypsum dihydrate, it is necessary to dehydrate gypsum gypsum under a pressurized hydrothermal condition of 1 atm or more. The method using a pressure cooker like the method is very costly. Therefore, in the invention of this application, without using a pressure cooker, in order to easily obtain α-type hemihydrate gypsum, skillfully utilize the properties of the pulp sludge that is contained, the gypsum composition itself during heating The water vapor is constrained to keep the pressure in the composition high.
【００１７】すなわち、この出願の発明者らは、パルプ
スラッジが上記のように高い保水力を有していること、
とくに、パルプスラッジの含水のうち、木質パルプの成
分であるリグニン質に結合されている水分は１気圧では
容易に放出されないこと、さらには、カオリナイト、ハ
ロイサイトとして知られている粘土鉱物からなる粘土質
クレーは、ＯＨ基を有しており、その結晶層間に吸蔵ま
たは吸着している水分は約３００℃まで保持されること
に着目し、二水石膏をパルプスラッジとともに加熱する
ことにより、１気圧以上の高温水熱条件を実現すること
ができ、二水石膏からα型半水石膏が得られることを見
出した。また、二水石膏とパルプスラッジは、混合・混
練後に加圧造粒することで、加熱中の高圧の水蒸気をよ
り拘束することができ、水熱効果を高めるのに効果的で
あることを見出した。粒状体中の粘土質は脱水と共に凝
固することも効果的な作用となる。That is, the inventors of the present application have found that pulp sludge has a high water retention capacity as described above,
In particular, among the water content of pulp sludge, the moisture bound to the lignin, a component of woody pulp, is not easily released at 1 atm. Focusing on the fact that porous clay has OH groups and that moisture absorbed or adsorbed between its crystal layers is maintained up to about 300 ° C., by heating dihydrate gypsum together with pulp sludge, 1 atm. It has been found that the above high-temperature hydrothermal conditions can be realized, and α-type hemihydrate gypsum can be obtained from dihydrate gypsum. In addition, gypsum and pulp sludge were found to be more effective in increasing the hydrothermal effect by pressurizing and granulating after mixing and kneading, so that high-pressure steam during heating can be more restrained. Was. The coagulation together with dehydration of the clay in the granules is also effective.
【００１８】二水石膏とパルプスラッジの配合は、二水
石膏とパルプスラッジの乾燥重量比が１００：２０〜１
００：５０程度、より好ましくは、１００：３０〜１０
０：４０程度となるように配合することができる。The mixing ratio of gypsum and pulp sludge is such that the dry weight ratio of gypsum and pulp sludge is 100: 20 to 1
About 00:50, more preferably 100: 30 to 10
It can be blended so as to be about 0:40.
【００１９】上記の範囲で配合された二水石膏とパルプ
スラッジは、一般的な攪拌装置を用いて混合・混練し、
粒状または小塊状に加圧成型する。加圧成型の方法とし
ては、たとえば、二水石膏とパルプスラッジの混練物
を、板状に加圧成型した後小片状に切断してもよいし、
押出成形法等の従来法を利用してペレット状、小板状、
粒状、または小塊状等に成形してもよい。次いで、この
粒状または小塊状の組成物を、１５０℃以上２５０℃以
下の温度範囲で加熱して脱水させる。通常の二水石膏を
乾式法によって加熱すると１００〜１３０℃で分解脱水
が起こって粉化するが、この出願の発明の組成物の場合
は、１５０℃から徐々に表面層で粉化が始まり、その粉
化は温度の上昇と共に急速に進行する。そのため、加熱
温度は１５０℃以上とすることが効果的である。また、
組成物中の石膏の脱水が２５０℃で完了すること、木質
パルプ中のセルローズ成分の炭化が始ることから、加熱
温度は２５０℃以下とする。これにより、原料として用
いた二水石膏は、６０〜７０％程度がα型半水石膏に、
残りの全てがβ型半水石膏に変化される。粒状または小
塊状の組成物の大きさは、水蒸気の拘束条件を考慮して
肉厚１０ｍｍ程度以上とすることが好ましく、脱水効率
を考慮すると、肉厚は数十ｍｍ程度であることが好まし
い。The gypsum and pulp sludge blended in the above range are mixed and kneaded using a general stirring device.
Press molding into granules or small lumps. As a method of pressure molding, for example, a kneaded product of gypsum and pulp sludge may be cut into small pieces after being pressure-molded into a plate,
Using conventional methods such as extrusion molding, pellets, platelets,
It may be formed into granules or small lumps. Next, the granular or small lump composition is heated in a temperature range of 150 ° C. or more and 250 ° C. or less to be dehydrated. When ordinary dihydrate gypsum is heated by a dry method, decomposition and dehydration occurs at 100 to 130 ° C. to cause powdering. The powdering proceeds rapidly with increasing temperature. Therefore, it is effective to set the heating temperature to 150 ° C. or higher. Also,
Since the dehydration of the gypsum in the composition is completed at 250 ° C. and the carbonization of the cellulose component in the wood pulp starts, the heating temperature is 250 ° C. or less. As a result, about 60 to 70% of gypsum used as a raw material is converted into α-type hemihydrate gypsum,
All the rest is converted to beta-type hemihydrate gypsum. The size of the granular or small-lumped composition is preferably about 10 mm or more in thickness in consideration of water vapor restriction conditions, and is preferably about several tens mm in consideration of dehydration efficiency.
【００２０】この出願の発明においては、加熱は、遠赤
外線を照射して行うことが好ましい。特に、波長１０μ
ｍ前後の遠赤外線を用いると、極めて短時間で効率的な
脱水が可能となる。In the invention of this application, the heating is preferably performed by irradiating far infrared rays. In particular, wavelength 10μ
When far infrared rays of about m are used, efficient dehydration can be performed in a very short time.
【００２１】これによって、パルプスラッジの性質を巧
みに利用して、経済的に、α型半水石膏組成物を製造す
ることが可能となる。This makes it possible to economically produce an α-type hemihydrate gypsum composition by skillfully utilizing the properties of pulp sludge.
【００２２】また、この出願の発明が提供する高密度石
膏ボードは、上記の石膏組成物をその主材料とし、補強
材１〜１０重量％、水３０〜５０重量％が添加されて混
練された混練物に振動を与えながら加圧成型された板状
体を、養生、硬化して得られる。The high-density gypsum board provided by the invention of this application has the above-mentioned gypsum composition as a main material, and is kneaded by adding 1 to 10% by weight of a reinforcing material and 30 to 50% by weight of water. It is obtained by curing and curing a pressure-molded plate while applying vibration to the kneaded material.
【００２３】補強材は、高密度石膏ボードに弾性や靭
性、さらには木ねじ保持力を付与するものであり、この
出願の発明においては、成型の際の混水量に影響を与え
ない疎水性の補強材を用いることができる。具体的に
は、たとえば、ガラス繊維、衣料廃棄物を解綿した繊
維、発泡ウレタン等ゴム質廃棄物等をいずれか１種ある
いは２種以上の混合物として用いることが好ましい。補
強材の添加量は、１重量％未満では十分な弾性、靭性、
木ねじ保持力の向上が得られず、１０重量％を超過する
と成形体の剛性や密度が低下して好ましくないため、１
重量％以上１０重量％以下とすることができる。The reinforcing material imparts elasticity and toughness to the high-density gypsum board, and also retains wood screws. In the invention of this application, a hydrophobic reinforcing material that does not affect the amount of water mixed during molding is used. Materials can be used. Specifically, for example, it is preferable to use one or a mixture of two or more of glass fibers, fibers obtained by defatting clothing waste, and rubber wastes such as urethane foam. If the amount of the reinforcing material is less than 1% by weight, sufficient elasticity, toughness,
If the wood screw holding power is not improved, and if the content exceeds 10% by weight, the rigidity and density of the molded body are undesirably reduced.
It can be set to not less than 10% by weight and not more than 10% by weight.
【００２４】水は、石膏組成物と補強材を混練するため
のものであって、添加量は３０〜５０重量％、さらに
は、α型半水石膏の標準混水量に近い３５〜４０重量％
と少なくすることができる。また、混練のための水に
は、必要に応じて凝結遅延剤等を添加してもよい。The water is used for kneading the gypsum composition and the reinforcing material, and the amount of water added is 30 to 50% by weight, and furthermore, 35 to 40% by weight which is close to the standard mixed amount of α-type hemihydrate gypsum.
And can be reduced. Further, a setting retarder or the like may be added to the water for kneading, if necessary.
【００２５】石膏組成物、補強材および水の混練は、一
般的な攪拌装置等を利用して行なうことができる。これ
で得た混練物を、振動を与えながら所望の板状体に加圧
成型する。振動は、含水量が極めて少ないこの混練物の
チキソトロピー性を発現させ、高密度な成型体とするた
めに与えるものである。すなわち、混練物に振動を与え
ることで、混練物の見かけの粘性を一時的に低下させ
る。たとえば、含水量が５０％以下の混練物はパサパサ
とした粒状体であり、粉体成形のごとく静圧で加圧して
密充填な成型体を得るには少なくとも３０ｋｇｆ／ｃｍ
2以上の高い圧力が必要であった。しかしこの出願の発
明のように、振動を与えながら加圧成型すると、わずか
２〜３ｋｇｆ／ｃｍ2という低い圧力で混練物が流動化
しながら密充填された成型体を得ることができる。ま
た、建材原板などとして利用することができる大型の板
状成型体等も容易に得ることができる。加圧成型の際の
振動には、たとえば電磁振動板等の公知の振動装置を利
用することができ、その振動周波数は１０００〜２００
０Ｈｚ程度とすることができる。The kneading of the gypsum composition, the reinforcing material and the water can be carried out using a general stirring device or the like. The kneaded material obtained in this manner is pressed into a desired plate-like body while applying vibration. The vibration is applied to develop the thixotropic properties of the kneaded material having a very small water content and to form a high-density molded body. That is, by giving vibration to the kneaded material, the apparent viscosity of the kneaded material is temporarily reduced. For example, a kneaded product having a water content of 50% or less is a granular material having a dry texture, and at least 30 kgf / cm is required to obtain a densely-packed compact by pressing under static pressure as in powder compaction.
Two or more high pressures were required. However, when pressure molding is performed while applying vibration, as in the invention of this application, a kneaded material is fluidized at a pressure as low as only 2 to 3 kgf / cm 2 , and a tightly packed molded body can be obtained. In addition, a large-sized plate-shaped molded article or the like that can be used as a building material original sheet or the like can be easily obtained. A known vibration device such as an electromagnetic vibration plate can be used for the vibration at the time of pressure molding.
It can be about 0 Hz.
【００２６】このようにして得られた成型体を、養生、
硬化することで、高密度石膏ボードを得ることができ
る。この出願の発明の方法によると、成型の際に振動を
利用しているため、含水量が少ない混練物の流動化およ
び高密度充填を実現することができる。また、成型体の
もとの含水量が少なくてすむため、乾燥のための時間お
よび手間がかかることなく、簡便に高密度石膏ボードを
製造することができる。The molded body thus obtained is cured,
By curing, a high-density gypsum board can be obtained. According to the method of the invention of this application, since vibration is used during molding, fluidization and high-density filling of a kneaded material having a low water content can be realized. In addition, since the original moisture content of the molded body is small, it is possible to easily produce a high-density gypsum board without taking time and labor for drying.
【００２７】さらに、この出願の発明の方法は、リサイ
クル性が極めて高く、二水石膏、パルプスラッジおよび
補強材といった全ての原料に廃棄物を用いて高密度石膏
ボードを製造することができる。Furthermore, the method of the invention of this application has extremely high recyclability, and can produce high-density gypsum board using waste materials for all raw materials such as gypsum, pulp sludge and reinforcing material.
【００２８】このようにして得られた高密度石膏ボード
は、パルプ材および補強材が多量かつ高密度に配合され
てるため、建材ボード等として必要とされる弾性や靭性
に加え、釘および木ねじ保持力が従来に見られないほど
高く、たとえば木ネジ保持力が４０〜５０ｋｇｆと高
い、直接の釘止めが可能な高密度石膏ボードが実現され
る。The high-density gypsum board thus obtained contains a large amount and high density of pulp material and reinforcing material. Therefore, in addition to the elasticity and toughness required for a building material board and the like, it also holds nails and wood screws. A high-density gypsum board that can be directly nailed and that has a force so high as never before seen, for example, a wood screw holding force as high as 40 to 50 kgf is realized.
【００２９】以下に実施例を示し、この発明の実施の形
態についてさらに詳しく説明する。Examples will be shown below, and the embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail.
【００３０】[0030]
【実施例】（実施例１）石膏材料として電力脱硫石膏
を、パルプスラッジとして製紙工場から排出されたまま
の製紙パルプスラッジを使用し、石膏組成物を製造し
た。このパルプスラッジは、水分７３重量％、パルプ１
８．５重量％、粘土クレー８．５重量％から構成された
ものであった。石膏とパルプスラッジ（含水）は、重量
比１：１で配合し、二軸土練機を用いて強制混練した混
練物を、直径１０ｍｍの穴から押出すことで粒状体に成
形した。EXAMPLES (Example 1) A gypsum composition was produced by using electric power desulfurization gypsum as a gypsum material and papermaking pulp sludge as discharged from a paper mill as a pulp sludge. This pulp sludge has a water content of 73% by weight,
It consisted of 8.5% by weight and 8.5% by weight of clay clay. Gypsum and pulp sludge (water-containing) were blended at a weight ratio of 1: 1, and a kneaded product that had been forcibly kneaded using a biaxial kneader was extruded from a hole having a diameter of 10 mm to form a granular material.
【００３１】この粒状体を鉄板上に厚さ約３０ｍｍとな
るように敷き並べ、波長１０μｍの遠赤外線を照射する
ことにより、粒状体の中に挿入した温度計が２００℃と
なるまで加熱処理して石膏組成物を得た。The granules are laid out on an iron plate so as to have a thickness of about 30 mm, and irradiated with far-infrared rays having a wavelength of 10 μm, so that the thermometer inserted into the granules is heated to 200 ° C. Thus, a gypsum composition was obtained.
【００３２】この石膏組成物を示差熱分析した結果、石
膏分の６７％がα型半水石膏、３３％がβ型半水石膏で
あり、二水石膏が全て半水石膏に変化したことが確認さ
れた。 （実施例２）実施例１で得られた石膏組成物に対し、補
強材を３重量％、水を３５〜４５重量％添加して混練
し、２０００Ｈｚの電磁バイブレーターを用いて加圧荷
重を変化させて板状体に成型した。補強材には、衣料廃
棄物を解綿した衣料繊維と、ガラス繊維を別々に用い
た。Differential thermal analysis of this gypsum composition showed that 67% of the gypsum was α-type hemihydrate gypsum, 33% was β-type hemihydrate gypsum, and all gypsum was changed to hemihydrate gypsum. confirmed. (Example 2) To the gypsum composition obtained in Example 1, 3% by weight of a reinforcing material and 35 to 45% by weight of water were added and kneaded, and the pressing load was changed using a 2000 Hz electromagnetic vibrator. This was molded into a plate. As the reinforcing material, clothing fibers obtained by defatting clothing waste and glass fibers were separately used.
【００３３】衣料繊維を用い、成型時の加圧荷重を２〜
２．５ｋｇｆ／ｃｍ2としたときの混練物の流動性形成
を目視により観察した。その結果を表１に示した。Using clothing fibers, apply a pressure load of 2 to
The fluidity formation of the kneaded material at 2.5 kgf / cm 2 was visually observed. The results are shown in Table 1.
【００３４】[0034]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００３５】含水量が４０％の場合、混練物はパサパサ
の状態であったが、振動を与えながら加圧成型すること
で充分な流動性が得られた。含水量が３５％の場合は流
動性が不充分であったが、成形時の圧力を５ｋｇｆ／ｃ
ｍ2にまで上げることで成形が可能であることが確認で
きた。補強材として衣料繊維を用いる場合は、含水量４
０％程度が適していた。When the water content was 40%, the kneaded material was in a dry state, but sufficient fluidity was obtained by pressure molding while applying vibration. When the water content was 35%, the fluidity was insufficient, but the pressure during molding was 5 kgf / c.
It was confirmed that molding was possible by increasing the value to m 2 . When clothing fibers are used as the reinforcing material, the water content is 4
About 0% was suitable.
【００３６】また、補強材としてガラス繊維を用いた場
合、含水量３５〜４５重量％の全てで流動性が良く、高
密度に充填された板状の成型体が得られることが確認さ
れた。 （実施例３）実施例１で得られた石膏組成物に、衣料繊
維５重量％、水４０重量％を加えて混練し、２０００Ｈ
ｚの振動を加えながら加圧成型した成型体を、養生およ
び硬化させて、厚さ９．５ｍｍの高密度石膏ボードを製
造した。この高密度石膏ボードを試料とし、ＪＩＳ Ａ
６９０１に準じて建材としての主要な物性を計測し
た。その結果を表２に示した。It was also confirmed that when glass fiber was used as the reinforcing material, a plate-like molded product having good fluidity and a high density was obtained at all water contents of 35 to 45% by weight. (Example 3) To the gypsum composition obtained in Example 1, 5% by weight of clothing fibers and 40% by weight of water were added and kneaded.
The molded body press-molded while applying the vibration of z was cured and cured to produce a high-density gypsum board having a thickness of 9.5 mm. Using this high density gypsum board as a sample, JIS A
Main physical properties as building materials were measured according to 6901. The results are shown in Table 2.
【００３７】[0037]
【表２】 [Table 2]
【００３８】表２より、この出願の発明の高密度石膏ボ
ードは、直接の釘止めを目的とする建材などとして充分
な曲げ破壊荷重、耐衝撃性、木ネジ保持力等の物性を持
つことが示された。特に木ネジ保持力については、たと
えば従来の釘止めを目的した石膏ボードにおける木ネジ
保持力の５〜３５ｋｇｆをはるかに越える高い値を示す
ことが確認された。From Table 2, it can be seen that the high-density gypsum board of the invention of the present application has sufficient physical properties such as bending fracture load, impact resistance and wood screw holding power as a building material for direct nailing. Indicated. In particular, it has been confirmed that the wood screw holding force shows a much higher value than the wood screw holding force of 5-35 kgf in a conventional gypsum board for nailing.
【００３９】もちろん、この発明は以上の例に限定され
るものではなく、細部については様々な態様が可能であ
ることは言うまでもない。Of course, the present invention is not limited to the above-described example, and it goes without saying that various aspects of the details are possible.
【００４０】[0040]
【発明の効果】以上詳しく説明した通り、この発明によ
って、廃棄物をその特性を活かして再利用することがで
きる石膏組成物とネジ保持力の高い高密度石膏ボード、
およびそれらを効率良く安価に製造することができる方
法が提供される。As described above in detail, according to the present invention, a gypsum composition capable of reusing waste by utilizing its characteristics, a high-density gypsum board having a high screw holding power,
And a method for efficiently and inexpensively producing them.
【００４１】この出願の発明の石膏組成物と高密度石膏
ボードにおける原料には、全てリサイクルの対象とされ
ている廃棄物を用いることができる。石膏組成物につい
ては、特に処理コストが高い高含水のパルプスラッジ
を、排出されたまま、製造工程に導入できるため、経済
性が極めて高い。この出願の発明により、従来品を越え
る物性と、付加価値を持った石膏組成物と高密度石膏ボ
ードが実現される。As the raw materials for the gypsum composition and the high-density gypsum board of the invention of this application, all wastes to be recycled can be used. The gypsum composition is particularly economical because highly water-containing pulp sludge, which is particularly expensive to treat, can be introduced into the production process as it is discharged. According to the invention of this application, a gypsum composition and a high-density gypsum board having physical properties exceeding those of conventional products, and an added value are realized.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (51)Int.Cl.7 識別記号 ＦＩ テーマコート゛(参考） //(Ｃ０４Ｂ 28/14 Ｃ０４Ｂ 14:42 14:42 18:22 18:22 18:20 18:20 18:24） Ａ 18:24） 111:30 111:30 111:72 111:72 Ｂ２８Ｂ 1/08 Ｂ (72)発明者 近藤 義正 神奈川県鎌倉市岩瀬1306 Ｆターム(参考） 2E162 CA16 FA14 FC01 FD01 FD08 4G012 PA17 PA32 PA33 PD01 PE03 4G056 AA10 AA25 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. 7 Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) // (C04B 28/14 C04B 14:42 14:42 18:22 18:22 18:20 18:20 18 : 24) A 18:24) 111: 30 111: 30 111: 72 111: 72 B28B 1/08 B (72) Inventor Yoshimasa Kondo 1306 Iwase, Kamakura-shi, Kanagawa F-term (reference) 2E162 CA16 FA14 FC01 FD01 FD08 4G012 PA17 PA32 PA33 PD01 PE03 4G056 AA10 AA25
Claims (7)
ッジが配合されていることを特徴とする石膏組成物。1. A gypsum composition comprising α-type hemihydrate gypsum as a main component and pulp sludge.
法であって、二水石膏からなる石膏材料にパルプスラッ
ジを加えて混合・混練し、粒状または小塊状に加圧成型
した組成物を、１５０℃以上２５０℃以下の温度範囲で
加熱して脱水させることを特徴とする石膏組成物の製造
方法。2. A method for producing a gypsum composition according to claim 1, wherein pulp sludge is added to a gypsum material composed of gypsum dihydrate, mixed and kneaded, and pressed and formed into granules or small blocks. Is heated in a temperature range of 150 ° C. or more and 250 ° C. or less to dehydrate the gypsum composition.
特徴とする請求項２記載の石膏組成物の製造方法。3. The method for producing a gypsum composition according to claim 2, wherein the heating is performed by irradiation with far infrared rays.
し、補強材１〜１０重量％、水３０〜５０重量％が添加
されて混練された混練物に振動を与えながら加圧成型さ
れた板状体を、養生、硬化してなることを特徴とする高
密度石膏ボード。4. A kneaded material comprising the gypsum composition of claim 1 as a main material, a reinforcing material of 1 to 10% by weight and water of 30 to 50% by weight, and press-molding while applying vibration. A high-density gypsum board obtained by curing and curing a plate-like body.
ム質廃棄物のうちのいずれか１種あるいは２種以上の混
合物を解砕したものであることを特徴とする請求項４記
載の高密度石膏ボード。5. The reinforcing material according to claim 4, wherein any one or a mixture of two or more of glass fiber, clothing waste, and rubber waste is crushed. High density gypsum board.
ドの製造方法であって、石膏組成物に、補強材１〜１０
重量％、水３０〜５０重量％を添加して混練した混練物
を、振動を与えながら加圧成型して板状体とし、養生、
硬化させて高密度な石膏ボードとすること特徴とする高
密度石膏ボードの製造方法。6. The method for producing a high-density gypsum board according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the gypsum composition comprises reinforcing materials 1 to 10.
% By weight and 30 to 50% by weight of water are added and kneaded to form a plate-like body under pressure while applying vibration, and curing,
A method for producing a high-density gypsum board, which is cured to form a high-density gypsum board.
ことを特徴とする請求項６記載の高密度石膏ボードの製
造方法。7. The method for producing a high-density gypsum board according to claim 6, wherein a vibration of 1000 to 2000 Hz is applied.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001034364A JP4024004B2 (en) | 2001-02-09 | 2001-02-09 | Gypsum composition, high-density gypsum board and method for producing them |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001034364A JP4024004B2 (en) | 2001-02-09 | 2001-02-09 | Gypsum composition, high-density gypsum board and method for producing them |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2002241155A true JP2002241155A (en) | 2002-08-28 |
| JP4024004B2 JP4024004B2 (en) | 2007-12-19 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| JP2001034364A Expired - Fee Related JP4024004B2 (en) | 2001-02-09 | 2001-02-09 | Gypsum composition, high-density gypsum board and method for producing them |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007522067A (en) * | 2004-01-28 | 2007-08-09 | ユナイテッド・ステイツ・ジプサム・カンパニー | Improved manufacturing method of gypsum / fiberboard |
| JP2008526678A (en) * | 2005-01-07 | 2008-07-24 | ウォン パーク、ジョング | Method for producing recycled hardened body using waste gypsum |
| JP2011507794A (en) * | 2007-12-20 | 2011-03-10 | ユナイテッド・ステイツ・ジプサム・カンパニー | Low fiber calcining method for making gypsum fiberboard |
| CN102229488A (en) * | 2011-05-16 | 2011-11-02 | 云南省建筑科学研究院 | Formula of imitative wood filling slurry for building formwork supporting keel and processing method |
| CN102344260A (en) * | 2011-06-14 | 2012-02-08 | 昆山市瑞捷精密模具有限公司 | Composition for drying gypsum and preparation method of gypsum mold |
| KR101325479B1 (en) | 2013-06-10 | 2013-11-07 | 문교산업 주식회사 | Production method of dental gypsum block |
-
2001
- 2001-02-09 JP JP2001034364A patent/JP4024004B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007522067A (en) * | 2004-01-28 | 2007-08-09 | ユナイテッド・ステイツ・ジプサム・カンパニー | Improved manufacturing method of gypsum / fiberboard |
| JP2008526678A (en) * | 2005-01-07 | 2008-07-24 | ウォン パーク、ジョング | Method for producing recycled hardened body using waste gypsum |
| JP2011507794A (en) * | 2007-12-20 | 2011-03-10 | ユナイテッド・ステイツ・ジプサム・カンパニー | Low fiber calcining method for making gypsum fiberboard |
| CN102229488A (en) * | 2011-05-16 | 2011-11-02 | 云南省建筑科学研究院 | Formula of imitative wood filling slurry for building formwork supporting keel and processing method |
| CN102344260A (en) * | 2011-06-14 | 2012-02-08 | 昆山市瑞捷精密模具有限公司 | Composition for drying gypsum and preparation method of gypsum mold |
| KR101325479B1 (en) | 2013-06-10 | 2013-11-07 | 문교산업 주식회사 | Production method of dental gypsum block |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP4024004B2 (en) | 2007-12-19 |
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