JP2002237374A - Flexible flat heating element - Google Patents
Flexible flat heating elementInfo
- Publication number
- JP2002237374A JP2002237374A JP2001031915A JP2001031915A JP2002237374A JP 2002237374 A JP2002237374 A JP 2002237374A JP 2001031915 A JP2001031915 A JP 2001031915A JP 2001031915 A JP2001031915 A JP 2001031915A JP 2002237374 A JP2002237374 A JP 2002237374A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- fiber
- heating element
- electrode
- metal
- conductive
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、シートの全面に渡
って発熱させることができ、かつ自在に折り曲げること
のできる可撓性面状発熱体に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a flexible sheet heating element which can generate heat over the entire surface of a sheet and can be bent freely.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来、様々なところに面状発熱体が使用
されている。例えば、シリコーンゴム組成物にカーボン
ブラックを混合したシート状の発熱素子に、銅箔あるい
はアルミニウム箔を導電性接着剤で接着して発熱素子の
両面に電極を取り付けたものがある。この構成のもの
は、発熱素子の厚さが薄く、電極間距離が小さいため、
高い印加電圧は不要であるが、折り曲げると、電極と発
熱素子がシート面全体に渡って接着されているために、
折り曲げに対する抗力がシートの全面に作用し、柔軟に
折り曲げることができなかった。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, planar heating elements have been used in various places. For example, there is a device in which copper foil or aluminum foil is adhered to a sheet-like heating element obtained by mixing carbon black with a silicone rubber composition with a conductive adhesive, and electrodes are attached to both surfaces of the heating element. In this configuration, since the thickness of the heating element is small and the distance between the electrodes is small,
A high applied voltage is not required, but when folded, the electrodes and heating elements are bonded over the entire sheet surface,
The resistance to bending acts on the entire surface of the sheet, and the sheet cannot be bent flexibly.
【０００３】また、合成樹脂の表面に金属メッキを施し
て繊維に導電性を持たせ、この導電性繊維からなる編織
布又は不織布の両端に、電極として長尺の金属板を平行
に接着剤で接着して、あるいは熱融着させて導電性シー
トとしたものがある。この導電性シートは、電極として
金属板が取り付けられているため、自在に折り曲げるこ
とができず、用途が限られていた。Further, a metal plating is applied to the surface of a synthetic resin to impart conductivity to the fiber, and a long metal plate as an electrode is placed in parallel on both ends of a woven or nonwoven fabric made of the conductive fiber with an adhesive. Some of them are bonded or thermally fused to form a conductive sheet. Since this conductive sheet has a metal plate attached as an electrode, it cannot be bent freely, and its use has been limited.
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】このように、電極部も
含めて、十分に可撓性を有する発熱可能な導電性シート
は得られていなかった。本発明は、上記事情に鑑みてな
されたものであり、シートの全面に渡って一様に発熱さ
せることができ、かつ電極部も含めて自在に折り曲げる
ことのできる可撓性面状発熱体を提供することを課題と
している。As described above, a sufficiently flexible heat-generating conductive sheet including the electrode portion has not been obtained. The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and provides a flexible planar heating element that can uniformly generate heat over the entire surface of a sheet and that can be freely bent including an electrode portion. The task is to provide.
【０００５】[0005]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明の可撓性面状発熱
体は、無電解メッキ法又は電気メッキ法により、合成繊
維又は合成繊維と天然繊維との混紡からなる混紡繊維の
表面に金属皮膜を設けた導電性繊維からなる編織布又は
不織布の所望の箇所に電極が設けられ、該電極が編織布
又は不織布（以下、単に繊維布と称する）に金属糸を縫
い付けることによって形成されていることを特徴として
いる。According to the present invention, a flexible planar heating element is provided on a surface of a synthetic fiber or a blend fiber of a blend of a synthetic fiber and a natural fiber by electroless plating or electroplating. Electrodes are provided at desired locations on a woven or nonwoven fabric made of conductive fibers provided with a coating, and the electrodes are formed by sewing a metal thread to a woven or nonwoven fabric (hereinafter simply referred to as a fiber cloth). It is characterized by having.
【０００６】上記導電性繊維は、その表面に設けられた
金属皮膜の厚さが０．１〜１０μｍであり、表面抵抗は
０．０５〜１０Ω／ｃｍ2である。電極は、直径１００
μｍ以下の良導電性金属の金属細線を２０〜１０００本
縒り合わせた金属糸を繊維布に縫い込むことによって形
成するのが好ましい。また、使用する合成繊維は、ポリ
エステル繊維、ポリアミド繊維、ポリアクリル繊維及び
ポリオレフィン繊維のうちのいずれか又はこれらの混紡
からなるものとするとよい。[0006] The conductive fiber has a metal film provided on its surface having a thickness of 0.1 to 10 µm and a surface resistance of 0.05 to 10 Ω / cm 2 . The electrode has a diameter of 100
It is preferable to form by sewing 20 to 1000 fine metal wires of a good conductive metal having a size of not more than μm into a fiber cloth. Further, the synthetic fiber used is preferably made of any one of polyester fiber, polyamide fiber, polyacryl fiber and polyolefin fiber or a blend of these.
【０００７】[0007]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明をさらに詳細に説明
する。本発明の可撓性面状発熱体は、上記したように、
繊維の表面に金属皮膜を設けた導電性繊維からなる繊維
布の所望の箇所に、金属糸を縫い付けることによって電
極を形成し、通電することによって発熱可能としたもの
であり、電極部を含めて自在に折り曲げることができ
る。BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail. The flexible planar heating element of the present invention, as described above,
An electrode is formed by sewing a metal thread to a desired portion of a fibrous cloth made of a conductive fiber provided with a metal coating on the surface of the fiber, and heat is generated by energizing the electrode. Can be bent freely.
【０００８】導電性繊維は、ポリエステル繊維、ポリア
ミド繊維、ポリアクリル繊維及びポリオレフィン繊維の
うちのいずれか又はこれらの混紡からなる合成繊維又は
合成繊維と天然繊維との混紡からなる混紡繊維の表面
に、無電解メッキ法あるいは電気メッキ法により、厚さ
０．１〜１０μｍの金属皮膜を均一に設けることで形成
される。金属皮膜の厚さが０．１μｍ未満では十分な導
電性が得られず、他方、１０μｍを超えると発熱体とし
て必要な電気抵抗が得られず、かつ繊維の柔軟性が損な
われる。[0008] The conductive fiber may be any one of polyester fiber, polyamide fiber, polyacryl fiber and polyolefin fiber, or a synthetic fiber made of a blend of these, or a blended fiber made of a blend of a synthetic fiber and a natural fiber. It is formed by uniformly providing a metal film having a thickness of 0.1 to 10 μm by an electroless plating method or an electroplating method. When the thickness of the metal film is less than 0.1 μm, sufficient conductivity cannot be obtained. On the other hand, when the thickness exceeds 10 μm, the electric resistance required as a heating element cannot be obtained and the flexibility of the fiber is impaired.
【０００９】繊維表面のメッキに用いる金属としては、
銀、銅、ニッケル、コバルト、錫等が挙げられる。導電
性繊維を用いて面状発熱体とするには、形成する金属皮
膜の厚さを均一にすることが重要であり、これには、銅
とニッケルがメッキ浴の安定性、操作の容易性から好ま
しく、均一な厚さの皮膜が得られ易い。金属皮膜の厚さ
は上記０．１〜１０μｍの範囲内に納めるのが好まし
い。表面抵抗は、面状発熱体に適した０．０５〜１０Ω
／ｃｍ2とするのが好ましい。０．０５Ω／ｃｍ2未満で
は抵抗が小さく、ショートの危険性がある。他方、１０
Ω／ｃｍ2を超えると抵抗が大きくなりすぎて、面状発
熱体として使用することができない。Metals used for plating the fiber surface include:
Silver, copper, nickel, cobalt, tin and the like can be mentioned. In order to make a planar heating element using conductive fibers, it is important to make the thickness of the metal film to be formed uniform, including copper and nickel, which are stable in the plating bath and easy to operate. And a film having a uniform thickness is easily obtained. The thickness of the metal film is preferably within the range of 0.1 to 10 μm. Surface resistance is 0.05-10Ω suitable for sheet heating element
/ Cm 2 . If it is less than 0.05 Ω / cm 2 , the resistance is small and there is a risk of short circuit. On the other hand, 10
If it exceeds Ω / cm 2 , the resistance becomes too large and cannot be used as a sheet heating element.
【００１０】電極を形成するための金属糸は、直径１０
０μｍ以下の良導電性金属の細線を２０〜１０００本縒
り合わせたものを使用するのが望ましい。また、導電性
繊維を得るには、合成繊維又は合成繊維と天然繊維との
混紡からなる混紡繊維の表面を金属メッキすればよい
が、これに使用する合成繊維としては、ポリエステル繊
維、ポリアミド繊維、ポリアクリル繊維及びポリオレフ
ィン繊維のうちのいずれか又はこれらの混紡からなるも
のとするとよい。The metal thread for forming the electrode has a diameter of 10
It is desirable to use 20 to 1000 thin wires of a good conductive metal having a thickness of 0 μm or less. Further, in order to obtain conductive fibers, the surface of a synthetic fiber or a blended fiber composed of a blend of a synthetic fiber and a natural fiber may be metal-plated. It is good to consist of any one of a polyacryl fiber and a polyolefin fiber or a blend thereof.
【００１１】電極としての金属糸に用いる金属は、電気
抵抗の低い金、銀、白金、銅、アルミニウム、鉄、ニッ
ケル、ステンレス鋼あるいはこれらの合金等を使用する
ことができ、これらの材質からなる直径１００μｍ以下
の金属細線を２０〜１０００本縒り合わせることで、柔
軟性を有する縫糸とすることができ、ミシンであるいは
手縫いで縫い付けることにより、導電性を有する繊維布
に、柔軟性を有する電極を容易に取り付けることができ
る。なお、金属糸の太さは、直径１００μｍを超えると
切れ易くなり、ミシン加工が困難となる。The metal used for the metal thread as the electrode may be gold, silver, platinum, copper, aluminum, iron, nickel, stainless steel or an alloy thereof having a low electric resistance. A flexible sewing thread can be obtained by twisting 20 to 1,000 thin metal wires having a diameter of 100 μm or less, and a flexible electrode can be formed on a conductive fiber cloth by sewing with a sewing machine or by hand sewing. Can be easily attached. When the diameter of the metal thread exceeds 100 μm, it becomes easy to cut and the sewing becomes difficult.
【００１２】本発明の可撓性面状発熱体は、柔軟性に優
れ、一般の家庭用電源であるいは電池やバッテリーで発
熱させることができる。このため、携帯用座布団や防寒
ジャケット、保温シート等、保温・加熱を必要とする様
々な屈曲面等に好適に用いることができる。なお、携帯
用座布団の場合、ニッケル水素電池１．２Ｖを２〜４
本、防寒ジャケットの場合はニッケル水素電池１．２Ｖ
を４〜８本、保温シートの場合は１２Ｖバッテリー１個
で長時間保温することができる。以下、本発明の一実施
例として、携帯用座布団を例に挙げて説明する。The flexible planar heating element of the present invention has excellent flexibility and can be heated by a general household power supply or by a battery or a battery. For this reason, it can be suitably used for various bent surfaces and the like that require heat retention and heating, such as portable cushions, winter jackets, and heat retention sheets. In addition, in the case of a portable cushion, 1.2V of nickel-metal hydride
1.2V nickel-metal hydride battery in case of book and cold jacket
4 to 8 sheets, and in the case of a heat insulating sheet, one 12V battery can keep the heat for a long time. Hereinafter, a portable cushion will be described as an embodiment of the present invention.
【００１３】[0013]
【実施例１】図１は、携帯用座布団の斜視図であり、図
２の（ａ）は携帯用座布団の概略平面図、（ｂ）は概略
部分断面図をそれぞれ示している。先ず、Ｎｉ無電解メ
ッキ法により、太さ５０μｍのポリエステル繊維の表面
に、厚さ５μｍの金属皮膜を設け、表面抵抗が０．７Ω
／ｃｍ2の導電性繊維を得た。さらに、太さ０．０５ｍ
ｍφの銅細線を５０本縒り合わせて電極用金属糸を製作
した。携帯用座布団１は、上記導電性繊維を編んで得た
シートに電極用金属糸を縫い込み、電極３，４を形成し
て面状発熱体２とし、この面状発熱体２の上下面及び周
縁に発泡ウレタン等のクッション材５が充填され、絶縁
カバー６で包み込まれている。さらに、携帯用座布団１
の側面には、１２Ｖのバッテリー７が取り付けられ、ス
イッチ８でオン−オフ可能であり、電極部を含め全体が
柔軟に構成されている。Embodiment 1 FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a portable cushion, FIG. 2 (a) is a schematic plan view of the portable cushion, and FIG. 2 (b) is a schematic partial sectional view. First, a metal film having a thickness of 5 μm was provided on the surface of a polyester fiber having a thickness of 50 μm by Ni electroless plating, and the surface resistance was 0.7Ω.
/ Cm 2 of conductive fiber was obtained. Furthermore, thickness 0.05m
A metal thread for an electrode was manufactured by twisting 50 thin copper wires of mφ. The portable cushion 1 is formed by sewing a metal thread for an electrode on a sheet obtained by knitting the conductive fiber to form electrodes 3 and 4 to form a sheet heating element 2. The periphery is filled with a cushion material 5 such as urethane foam, and is wrapped with an insulating cover 6. In addition, a portable cushion 1
A 12V battery 7 is attached to the side of the device, and can be turned on and off by a switch 8, and the whole structure including the electrode portion is flexibly configured.
【００１４】本発明の可撓性面状発熱体は、上記実施例
１で挙げた携帯用座布団への利用に限定されるものでは
なく、保温もしくは加熱を要する様々な対象に利用する
ことができる。例えば、靴に取り付けることによって保
温靴、防寒用靴が得られ、また、長靴、安全靴、福祉靴
などやスリッパ等の履物全般に取り付けることによって
快適な保温が得られる。農業分野では、例えば、野菜類
の育苗器に取り付けて農業用育苗用保温器として利用す
ることができ、建築・土木分野では、保温ヒーター、暖
房ヒーター、結露防止ヒーター、凍結防止ヒーター、ロ
ードヒーティング、ルーフヒーティング等が挙げられ、
医療・福祉分野では、保温ヒーター、セラピーマット等
の温熱療法用に利用することができ、その他、ソーラー
システム等、様々な分野の様々な用途に利用することが
できる。The flexible sheet heating element of the present invention is not limited to the use of the portable cushion described in the first embodiment, but can be used for various objects requiring heat retention or heating. . For example, warm shoes and winter shoes can be obtained by attaching to shoes, and comfortable heat can be obtained by attaching to shoes such as boots, safety shoes, welfare shoes, and slippers. In the agriculture field, for example, it can be attached to vegetable seedling incubators and used as an incubator for agriculture seedlings. , Roof heating, etc.
In the medical and welfare fields, it can be used for heat therapy such as warming heaters and therapy mats, and can be used for various applications in various fields such as solar systems.
【００１５】[0015]
【発明の効果】本発明の可撓性面状発熱体は、上記構成
としたことにより、電極部を含めて自在に折り曲げるこ
とができ、極めて柔軟性に優れ、様々な用途に供するこ
とができる。As described above, the flexible planar heating element of the present invention can be freely bent including the electrode portion, and is extremely excellent in flexibility and can be used for various purposes. .
【図１】 本発明の可撓性面状発熱体の一例としての斜
視図である。FIG. 1 is a perspective view as an example of a flexible planar heating element of the present invention.
【図２】 図１に示した携帯用座布団を示し、（ａ）は
概略平面図、（ｂ）は概略部分断面図である。FIG. 2 shows the portable cushion shown in FIG. 1, wherein (a) is a schematic plan view and (b) is a schematic partial sectional view.
１……携帯用座布団 ２……面状発熱体 ３，４…電極 ５……クッション材 ６……絶縁カバー ７……バッテリー ８……スイッチ DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Portable cushion 2 ... Planar heating element 3, 4 ... Electrode 5 ... Cushion material 6 ... Insulating cover 7 ... Battery 8 ... Switch
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き Ｆターム(参考） 3B084 JF02 3K034 AA02 AA25 AA31 BB10 BB15 BB16 CA02 CA16 CA30 JA01 3K092 PP20 QA10 QB02 QB31 QB80 QC03 QC05 QC07 QC17 QC42 QC59 RF04 RF14 VV40 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page F term (reference) 3B084 JF02 3K034 AA02 AA25 AA31 BB10 BB15 BB16 CA02 CA16 CA30 JA01 3K092 PP20 QA10 QB02 QB31 QB80 QC03 QC05 QC07 QC17 QC42 QC59 RF04 RF14 VV40
Claims (4)
り、合成繊維又は合成繊維と天然繊維との混紡からなる
混紡繊維の表面に金属皮膜を設けた導電性繊維からなる
編織布又は不織布の所望の箇所に電極が設けられ、該電
極が編織布又は不織布に金属糸を縫い付けることによっ
て形成されていることを特徴とする可撓性面状発熱体。1. A woven or nonwoven fabric made of a conductive fiber in which a metal film is provided on the surface of a synthetic fiber or a blend fiber of a synthetic fiber and a natural fiber by electroless plating or electroplating. An electrode is provided at a location, and the electrode is formed by sewing a metal thread to a knitted or woven fabric or a non-woven fabric.
た金属皮膜の厚さが０．１〜１０μｍであり、表面抵抗
が０．０５〜１０Ω／ｃｍ2である請求項１に記載の可
撓性面状発熱体。2. The conductive fiber according to claim 1, wherein the metal film provided on the surface of the conductive fiber has a thickness of 0.1 to 10 μm and a surface resistance of 0.05 to 10 Ω / cm 2 . Flexible sheet heating element.
電性金属の金属細線を２０〜１０００本縒り合わせた金
属糸を繊維布に縫い込むことによって形成したものであ
る請求項１に記載の可撓性面状発熱体。3. The electrode according to claim 1, wherein the electrode is formed by sewing a metal thread obtained by twisting 20 to 1,000 fine conductive metal wires having a diameter of 100 μm or less into a fiber cloth. Flexible planar heating element.
リアミド繊維、ポリアクリル繊維及びポリオレフィン繊
維のうちのいずれか又はこれらの混紡からなる請求項１
に記載の可撓性面状発熱体。4. The synthetic fiber comprises one of polyester fiber, polyamide fiber, polyacryl fiber and polyolefin fiber, or a blend of these.
4. The flexible sheet heating element according to item 1.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001031915A JP2002237374A (en) | 2001-02-08 | 2001-02-08 | Flexible flat heating element |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001031915A JP2002237374A (en) | 2001-02-08 | 2001-02-08 | Flexible flat heating element |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2002237374A true JP2002237374A (en) | 2002-08-23 |
Family
ID=18895927
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001031915A Pending JP2002237374A (en) | 2001-02-08 | 2001-02-08 | Flexible flat heating element |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2002237374A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2011025889A (en) * | 2009-07-29 | 2011-02-10 | Toyota Boshoku Corp | Skin material of vehicle interior equipment |
| WO2015040639A1 (en) | 2013-09-19 | 2015-03-26 | Council Of Scientific And Industrial Research | Gold coated natural fibre as electrode materials and process for preparation thereof |
-
2001
- 2001-02-08 JP JP2001031915A patent/JP2002237374A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2011025889A (en) * | 2009-07-29 | 2011-02-10 | Toyota Boshoku Corp | Skin material of vehicle interior equipment |
| WO2015040639A1 (en) | 2013-09-19 | 2015-03-26 | Council Of Scientific And Industrial Research | Gold coated natural fibre as electrode materials and process for preparation thereof |
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