JP2002231285A - Solid polymer fuel cell system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a solid polymer fuel cell system designed to be compact by accommodating a gas-liquid separating part, a condensing part and a condensed water storing part in one container. SOLUTION: This solid high polymer fuel cell system is structured to have a double container by providing an external casing 10 on its outside and an internal casing 11 on the inside. It is equipped with a gas-liquid separating part 12 formed between the external casing 10 and the internal casing 11, a condensing part 13 formed on the head side of the inside of the internal casing 11, and a condensed water storing part 14 formed on its bottom side, and the gas-liquid separating part 12 and the condensed water storing part 14 are connected to each other.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to a polymer electrolyte fuel cell system for effectively recovering ion-exchanged water and heat from fuel cell exhaust gas and a part of fuel cell cooling water.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, fuel cell systems have been spotlighted as high-efficiency energy conversion devices. Several types of fuel cell systems are in operation or under research and development. Among them, polymer electrolyte fuel cells using protons as the electrolyte have a compact structure, high power density, and are simple. Since it can be operated by a simple system, it is attracting attention as a power supply source not only for stationary distributed power sources but also for space, vehicles, and households.

[0003] In addition, fuel cell systems are expected to be so-called cogeneration systems that skillfully utilize the heat generated during electrochemical reactions.

[0004] As described above, a fuel cell system with high expectations, particularly a polymer electrolyte fuel cell system, is mainly composed of a fuel cell body, a fuel reforming system, a power control system, an energy source recovery system such as heat and water, and the like. Have been.

[0005] The fuel cell body has a membrane bulb composite in which a proton conductive solid polymer membrane is sandwiched between gas diffusion electrodes with a catalyst layer, and a gas supply groove as a current collector on both outer sides thereof. It is configured by alternately arranging separators made of a material having low permeability in a laminated manner.

The gas diffusion electrode has a fuel electrode on one side,
The remaining one side is provided with an oxidizer electrode, and a fuel gas containing hydrogen as a main component and air are separately supplied through a gas supply groove of a separator. The supplied gas generally flows more than the theoretical flow rate. The polymer electrolyte fuel cell body electrochemically generates electric power as a DC power supply.

[0007] A fuel reforming system is a system for generating a fuel gas containing hydrogen as a main component from a hydrocarbon fuel such as a city gas. After the removal, the hydrocarbon-based fuel is reformed into a fuel gas containing hydrogen as a main component by adding steam, for example, by a chemical reaction using a catalyst. At that time, since the reaction gas contains a large amount of carbon monoxide (CO), the catalyst of the polymer electrolyte fuel cell body may be poisoned.

For this reason, the fuel reforming system is provided with a CO shift reactor and a CO selective oxidizer, and has a CO concentration of several tens pp.
m and supply it to the polymer electrolyte fuel cell body.

Further, the power control system increases the DC voltage electrochemically generated in the polymer electrolyte fuel cell main body by a chopper circuit or the like, further converts the DC voltage into an AC voltage by an inverter, and supplies the AC power. The load is being adjusted.

An energy source recovery system for heat and ion-exchanged water separates water vapor contained in exhaust gas supplied from a polymer electrolyte fuel cell main unit or a fuel reforming system. Ion-exchanged water is recovered.

As another example of the polymer electrolyte fuel cell system, pure hydrogen may be used as the fuel. In this case, the use of pure hydrogen eliminates the need for a fuel reforming system, and the energy source recovery system recovers heat and ion exchange water supplied only from the polymer electrolyte fuel cell body.

As shown in FIG. 20, a conventional polymer electrolyte fuel cell system has a fuel reforming system 1,
The fuel cell main body 2, the gas-liquid separator 3, condensing heat exchanger 4 comprises a blower 5, in the fuel reforming system 1, for example, CH ₄ and C
Hydrocarbon fuel such as ₃ H ₈ is reformed into hydrogen and supplied to the fuel electrode 2 a of the fuel cell body 2.

[0013] Further, the polymer electrolyte fuel cell system comprises:
Part of the air from the blower 5 is supplied to the air electrode 2 of the fuel cell body 2.
b, and the remainder is supplied to the combustion section 1a of the fuel reforming system 1.

The fuel cell main body 2 reacts the hydrogen supplied to the fuel electrode 2a with the air supplied to the air electrode 2b,
DC power is generated electrochemically.

After the generation of DC power, the exhaust gas discharged from the fuel electrode 2a contains a large amount of saturated water vapor, but also contains carbon dioxide gas and unreacted hydrogen. Therefore, when supplying the exhaust gas to the gas-liquid separator 3, the polymer electrolyte fuel cell system separates hydrogen from the exhaust gas into ion-exchanged water and carbon dioxide gas, and separates the separated hydrogen from the blower 5. The air is supplied to the combustion section 1a of the fuel reforming system 1 together with the air, where the combustion gas is generated to reform the hydrocarbon-based fuel into hydrogen. The water is supplied to the condensation heat exchanger 4 together with the water vapor from the air electrode 2b to serve as a heat source. The heat is exchanged with a source to be heated such as tap water W, and the tap water W is heated to make hot water. We use for hot water supply.

The condensed water containing carbon dioxide gas separated by the gas-liquid separator 3 is supplied to a bubbling chamber 8 provided in the condensing heat exchanger 4, where the air bubbles supplied from the blower 5 are purified. Carbon dioxide is separated and absorbed depending on the capacity.

In another example of the polymer electrolyte fuel cell system, for example, as shown in FIG. 21, a direct contact type condensing heat exchanger 6 and an indirect contact type condensing heat exchanger 7 are provided. Of the exhaust gas from the fuel electrode 2 a separated into hydrogen and water vapor containing carbon dioxide gas by the separator 8, the separated water vapor containing carbon dioxide gas is supplied to the bubbling chamber 8 provided in the direct contact condensing heat exchanger 6. Here, carbon dioxide gas is separated and absorbed by the ability to purify air bubbles supplied from the blower 5. The condensed water from which the carbon dioxide gas has been separated is supplied to an indirect contact type condensing heat exchanger 7 via a pump 9, where it exchanges heat with, for example, tap water W and gives heat to the tap water W to make it hot water. Is returned to the direct contact heat exchanger 6 and steam containing carbon dioxide gas from the combustion section 1a of the fuel reforming system 1 and the air electrode 2
The heat exchange by direct contact with the combined water with the steam from b is performed to recover the heat of the combined water.

As described above, in the conventional polymer electrolyte fuel cell system, heat such as water vapor generated when electrochemically generating DC power is skillfully recovered and energy is effectively used. .

[0019]

In the conventional polymer electrolyte fuel cell system shown in FIG. 20 and FIG. 21, in addition to unreacted hydrogen, carbon dioxide gas, water vapor, Since water is contained, the water or the like enters the combustion section of the fuel reforming system, and there is a risk that the flame may be extinguished. For this reason, when an energy source such as heat or ion-exchanged water is recovered by the condensing heat exchanger 4, a bubbling device for removing carbon dioxide gas and a gas-liquid separator 3 for separating unreacted hydrogen or steam water are separately provided. Had been provided.

However, when the bubbling device and the gas-liquid separator 3 are separately provided, the polymer electrolyte fuel cell system
Many installation areas must be secured. For this reason, the polymer electrolyte fuel cell system has been required to realize a compact size by integrating the bubbling device and the gas-liquid separator 3 into the condensing heat exchanger 4.

In particular, in the case of the direct contact type condensing heat exchanger 6, when hot water is used by using the recovered energy, the condensed water such as steam is ion-exchanged water. 7 was required, and some measures were required from the point of size reduction.

The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a polymer electrolyte fuel cell system which is compact and can be easily installed with a small installation area. .

[0023]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A polymer electrolyte fuel cell system according to the present invention has the following objects.
As described in claim 1, in a polymer electrolyte fuel cell system in which a gas-liquid separator and a condensing heat exchanger are combined with a fuel cell body using a solid polymer for an electrolyte membrane, the condensing heat exchanger is An outer casing on the outside and an inner casing on the inner side are provided as a double container, and a gas-liquid separator formed between the outer casing and the inner casing, and a head side of the inner casing. And a condensed water storage part formed on the bottom side, and the gas-liquid separation part and the condensed water storage part are connected to each other.

Further, in order to achieve the above object, the polymer electrolyte fuel cell system according to the present invention has a through hole between the condensing section and the condensed water storage section. It has a plate.

In order to achieve the above object, the polymer electrolyte fuel cell system according to the present invention, as described in claim 3, wherein the condensing section houses the heat transfer tube, and the tube of the heat transfer tube is provided. The heat exchange is performed by flowing a heat medium to the outside and cooling water in the heat transfer tubes.

In the polymer electrolyte fuel cell system according to the present invention, in order to achieve the above object, the heat transfer tube is formed in a meandering shape in the axial direction of the condensing section. It is arranged in.

Further, in the polymer electrolyte fuel cell system according to the present invention, in order to achieve the above object, the heat transfer tube is formed in a spiral shape and the condensing section is formed. They are arranged in a meandering manner in the axial direction.

Further, in the polymer electrolyte fuel cell system according to the present invention, in order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the heat transfer tube formed in a spiral shape has a column on a central axis. It is provided.

Further, in the polymer electrolyte fuel cell system according to the present invention, in order to achieve the above object, as described in claim 7, the condensing section has a transmission extending in a meandering shape in the axial direction. A heat pipe is accommodated, and a partitioning means is provided at an intermediate portion of the heat transfer pipe in an axial direction.

Further, in the polymer electrolyte fuel cell system according to the present invention, in order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the partition means is formed in a mesh shape as described in claim 8.

Further, in the polymer electrolyte fuel cell system according to the present invention, in order to achieve the above object, the partition means is constituted by a perforated plate.

In order to achieve the above object, the polymer electrolyte fuel cell system according to the present invention has a tenth aspect.
As described above, the perforated plate is characterized in that the density distribution of the holes is different.

In order to achieve the above object, the polymer electrolyte fuel cell system according to the present invention has an eleventh aspect.
As described in the above, the gas-liquid separation unit has an inlet on the bottom side of the outer casing and an outlet on the head side of the outer casing.

Further, the polymer electrolyte fuel cell system according to the present invention is intended to achieve the above object.
As described in the above, the condensed water storage unit combines and temporarily stores the condensed water from the gas-liquid separation unit and the condensed water from the condensing unit, and removes carbon dioxide contained in the water storage chamber and the combined condensed water. And a bubbling chamber.

In order to achieve the above object, the polymer electrolyte fuel cell system according to the present invention has the following features.
As described in the above, the water storage chamber and the bubbling chamber are each partitioned by a partition plate, and the openings of the partition plates that partition each chamber are alternately arranged so that condensed water flows in a meandering shape. .

In order to achieve the above object, the polymer electrolyte fuel cell system according to the present invention has the following features.
As described in, the partition plate that partitions the bubbling chamber,
It is provided with a top plate that extends in an inclined manner toward the inner casing from the bent portion.

In order to achieve the above object, the polymer electrolyte fuel cell system according to the present invention has the following features.
As described in the above, the ceiling plate has a long hole.

Further, the polymer electrolyte fuel cell system according to the present invention has the above-mentioned structure.
As described above, the bubbling chamber accommodates a bubbling stone that removes carbon dioxide contained in condensed water by forming air bubbles.

[0039]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, embodiments of a polymer electrolyte fuel cell system according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings and reference numerals attached to the drawings.

FIGS. 1 to 3 are schematic views showing a first embodiment of a condensing heat exchanger applied to a polymer electrolyte fuel cell system according to the present invention. 1 to 3, FIG. 1 is a front sectional view of a condensing heat exchanger applied to a polymer electrolyte fuel cell system according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a view from the direction of arrows AA in FIG. FIG. 3 is a side view as seen from the direction of arrows BB in FIG.

The condensing heat exchanger according to the present embodiment has an inner casing 11 inside an outer casing 10 and is formed as a pressure vessel, and a gas-liquid separator 12 is provided between the outer casing 10 and the inner casing 11. In the inside of the inner casing 11, a condensing portion 13 is provided on the head side, and a condensed water reservoir 14 and a bubbling portion 15 are provided on the bottom side.

The outer casing 10 is provided on the bottom side thereof, for example, a fuel electrode inlet 16 connected to a fuel electrode (both not shown) of the fuel cell body, and provided on the head side thereof, for example. Outlet 17 connected to a combustion section (both not shown) of the fuel system, and exhaust gas containing unreacted hydrogen, carbon dioxide, water vapor and water from the anode is passed through the anode inlet 16. It is guided to the gas-liquid separation unit 12, where it is subjected to gas-liquid separation into hydrogen or water vapor and water by utilizing the density difference, and the separated hydrogen or the like is supplied to the combustion unit through the combustion unit outlet 17, while After temporarily storing the separated water at the bottom, the separated water is supplied to the condensed water reservoir 14 via the pipes 18a, 18b, 18c. At that time, the supply of water is performed using a pressure difference between the outer casing 10 and the inner casing 11.

The inner casing 11 has a condensing section 13 on the head side and a condensed water storage section 14 and a bubbling section 15 on the bottom side, respectively.
4 as shown in FIG. 4, for example, D diameter, φ3-4P,
It is divided by a perforated plate (punched metal) 24 having a thickness of t8 mm.

The inner casing 11 side is, for example,
An oxidant exhaust gas inlet 19 for guiding steam containing carbon dioxide gas supplied from an air electrode (both not shown) of the fuel cell body and a combustion section of the fuel reforming system to the condensation section 13, and a condenser section 13. The oxidizing exhaust gas outlet 20 for supplying the oxidizing exhaust gas after the heat exchange to the outside is provided in the condenser 13.

The condensing section 13 is made of, for example, SUS31
A plurality of heat transfer tubes 21 having a diameter of 1/8 inch, for example, at least two or more tubes are arranged in a parallel meandering manner, and the outside of the tube is guided while being meandered from, for example, tap water introduced from the heat transfer tube inlet 22. Heat from the flowing oxidant exhaust gas is given to become hot water, and the hot water is supplied to the outside through the heat transfer pipe outlet 23, for example, as hot water supply.

On the other hand, the inner casing 11 side is
The first condensed water storage section 14 and the bubbling section 15 divided by the perforated plate 24 and the third condensed water (ion exchange water) temporarily store the first water storage chamber 25 so as to flow in a meandering manner.
A partition plate 26, a second partition plate 29 for partitioning the second water storage section 27 and the bubbling chamber 28, and a third partition plate 31 for partitioning the bubbling chamber 28 and the third water storage chamber 30;
The positions of the open ends of the partition plates 26, 29, 31 are alternately different.

The second partition plate 29 is provided with a ceiling plate 33 which extends obliquely toward the fuel electrode inlet 16 of the outer casing 10 with the bent portion 32 as a boundary. This ceiling plate 33
For example, as shown in FIG. 5, a long hole 34 having a diameter of 1.5 mm, a length of 11 mm, and a thickness of 0.8 mm is provided.

In the bubbling chamber 28, for example, φ1
For example, a bubbling stone 36 for appreciation fish connected to a / 4 inch air pipe 35 is accommodated, and carbon dioxide contained in condensed water is separated and absorbed by bubbles blown out of the bubbling stone 36. The bubbling stone 36 is made of an alumina sintered body, and has heat resistance,
It has excellent chemical resistance and can cope with contamination. The third water storage chamber 30 is provided with the condensed water supply pipe 3.
The bubbling chamber 28 removes carbon dioxide gas and supplies condensed water to a fuel cell body, a fuel reforming system, and the like.

In the condensing heat exchanger having such a configuration, the exhaust gas containing unreacted hydrogen, water vapor and water supplied from the fuel electrode of the fuel cell body is supplied to the fuel electrode inlet 16.
Is supplied to the gas-liquid separation unit 12 through which the water is separated into hydrogen or the like and water using the density difference. The separated hydrogen is supplied to the combustion section of the fuel reforming system via the fuel section outlet 17, while the water is supplied to the condensed water storage section 14 via the pipes 18 a, 18 b, 18 c. At that time, the gas-liquid separation unit 1
2 plays a role of a heat insulating layer located outside the condensing section 13 and the condensed water storage section 14, so that heat radiation from the condensing section 13 to the outside can be prevented. In addition, since the gas-liquid separation unit 12 is connected to the condensed water storage unit 14 via the pipes 18a, 18b, 18c, the separated water can be reliably supplied to the condensed water storage unit 14.

On the other hand, the temperature containing carbon dioxide and water vapor supplied from the air electrode of the fuel cell body and the combustion section of the fuel reforming system to the condensing section 13 through the oxidant exhaust gas inlet 19 is about 110 ° C. (dew point about 75 ° C.). C) while flowing outside the at least two or more heat transfer tubes 21 arranged in a meandering manner, flows through the tube from the heat transfer tube inlet 22, for example, exchanges heat with tap water, and exchanges the tap water. The water is warmed to a temperature of about 40 ° C. The hot water is supplied to the outside through the heat transfer tube outlet 23 as hot water.

The oxidant exhaust gas that has undergone heat exchange with tap water loses heat to generate gas and condensed water, and the gas is discharged to the outside via the oxidant exhaust gas outlet 20 and the condensate is discharged. Water is collected in the condensed water storage unit 14 via the perforated plate 24 and the top plate 33, where it is combined with the water from the gas-liquid separation unit 12.

The combined condensed water flows in a meandering manner from the first water storage chamber 25 to the bubbling chamber 28 via the second water storage chamber 27, and in the bubbling chamber 28, from the air pipe 35 to the bubbling stone 3.
The carbon dioxide gas is separated and absorbed by the air bubbles supplied through 6 to lower the electric conductivity, and is supplied to the third water storage chamber 30. The combined condensed water collected in the third water storage chamber 30 and having reduced solubility of carbon dioxide gas is supplied to a fuel reforming system or the like via a condensed water supply pipe 37.

As described above, in the present embodiment, the gas-liquid separation unit 12 is provided on the outside, the condensation unit 13 is provided on the inside head side, and the condensed water storage unit 14 is provided on the bottom side. Since liquid separation, heat exchange between gas and water, and treatment of condensed water are versatilely processed in one vessel, the condensing heat exchanger can be made much more compact and can be installed sufficiently with a small installation area.

FIGS. 6 to 8 are schematic views showing a second embodiment of the condensation heat exchanger applied to the polymer electrolyte fuel cell system according to the present invention. 6 to 8, FIG. 6 is a front sectional view of a condensing heat exchanger applied to the polymer electrolyte fuel cell system according to the present invention, and FIG. 7 is viewed from the direction of arrows CC in FIG. FIG. 8 is a plan view, and FIG. 8 is a side view as seen from the direction of arrows DD in FIG. The same components as those of the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals.

In the condensation heat exchanger according to the present embodiment, an expanded metal plate 38 is accommodated in the condensing section 13 and arranged along the pipe axis direction at an intermediate portion of the heat transfer pipe 21 arranged in a meandering shape in the axial direction. It is provided. The expanded metal plate 38 has a mesh shape (SW 4.0 m) as shown in FIG.
m, LW 8.0 mm, t 0.8 mm).

Conventionally, the oxidant exhaust gas guided to the condenser 13 through the oxidant exhaust gas inlet 19 has a temperature of about 110 ° C.
Therefore, the condensed water in the condensed water reservoir 14 may evaporate. As the amount of evaporation increases, the load on the condenser 13 increases accordingly.

In this embodiment, attention is paid to such a point, and an expanded metal plate 38 is provided along the tube axis direction of the heat transfer tube 21 to generate more condensed water during heat exchange of the heat transfer tube 21. The condensed water is allowed to fall into the condensed water storage part 14 to prevent the condensed water remaining in the condensed water storage part 14 from evaporating.

Therefore, according to the present embodiment, during the heat exchange of the heat transfer tubes 21 by the expanded metal plate 38, more condensed water is generated and dropped into the condensed water storage section 14,
During this time, the expanded metal plate 38 is brought into a wet state, the gas flow rate is increased, and the water vapor contained in the gas is diffused more quickly, so that the heat transfer performance can be improved. Further, since the expanded metal plate 38 is fixed to the inner casing 11,
1 can be increased.

FIGS. 10 to 12 are schematic views showing a third embodiment of the condensing heat exchanger applied to the polymer electrolyte fuel cell system according to the present invention. In addition, in FIGS.
10 is a front sectional view of a condensing heat exchanger applied to the polymer electrolyte fuel cell system according to the present invention, FIG. 11 is a plan view seen from the direction of arrows EE in FIG. 10, and FIG. F-
It is the side view seen from the arrow F direction. The same components as those of the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals.

The condensing heat exchanger according to the present embodiment is housed in the condensing part 13 and disposed in the middle part of the heat transfer tube 21 arranged in a meandering shape in the axial direction, similarly to the second embodiment. Along with the expanded metal plate 38,
The condensed water storage section 14 is formed in a wider water storage chamber 39 in which no accessories are stored. The expanded metal plate 38 has a mesh shape (S) as in the second embodiment.
W 4.0 mm, LW 8.0 mm, t 0.8 mm). The reason why the bubbling chamber is not provided is that the present embodiment is applied when pure hydrogen is used as the fuel.

As described above, in the present embodiment, the expanded metal plate 38 is provided in the condensing section 13, and more condensed water generated during the heat exchange of the heat transfer tubes 21 falls into the water storage chamber 39 of the condensed water storage section 14. In addition, since the volume of the water storage chamber 39 is increased, more condensed water can be treated. The larger water storage chamber 39 is effective when using pure hydrogen fuel.

FIGS. 13 to 15 are schematic views showing a fourth embodiment of the condensing heat exchanger applied to the polymer electrolyte fuel cell system according to the present invention. 13 to 15,
13 is a front sectional view of a condensing heat exchanger applied to the polymer electrolyte fuel cell system according to the present invention, FIG. 14 is a plan view seen from the direction of arrows GG in FIG. 13, and FIG. H-
It is the side view seen from the arrow H direction. The same components as those of the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals.

In the condensing heat exchanger according to the present embodiment, the center axis of the outer casing 10 and the center axis of the inner casing 10 are deviated from each other.

The condensing heat exchanger according to the present embodiment comprises heat transfer tubes 21, 21 accommodated in a condensing portion 13 of an inner casing 11.
Are formed in a spiral shape, and the heat transfer tubes 21 and 21 formed in a spiral shape are arranged in a meandering manner in the axial direction of the condensing portion 13, while the heat transfer tubes 2 arranged in a meandering shape
A punched metal plate 40 is provided at an intermediate portion between the reference numerals 1 and 21. This punched metal plate 40
As shown in (1), the distribution of the holes 41 (φ3-4P, t0.8 mm) is alternately formed in a “none” region R and a “dense” region S.

As described above, in the present embodiment, while the heat transfer tubes 21 and 21 formed in a spiral shape are arranged in a meandering shape, the density distribution of the holes 41 between the heat transfer tubes 21 and 21 arranged in a meandering shape is set to “ A punching metal plate 40 is provided, which is divided into a “no” region R and a “dense” region S, and is alternately different.
The density distribution of the holes 41 of the punched metal plate 40 is made coarse and dense to improve the gas flow, and to diffuse the water vapor, together with the spiral formation of No. 1 and the increase in the heat transfer area due to the meandering arrangement. Therefore, the heat exchange rate can be further increased, and more heat energy can be recovered.

FIGS. 17 to 19 are schematic views showing a second embodiment of the condensing heat exchanger applied to the polymer electrolyte fuel cell system according to the present invention. 17 to 19,
FIG. 17 is a front sectional view of a condensing heat exchanger applied to the polymer electrolyte fuel cell system according to the present invention, FIG. 18 is a plan view seen from the direction of arrows II in FIG. 17, and FIG. J-
It is the side view seen from the arrow J direction. The same components as those of the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals.

In the condensing heat exchanger according to this embodiment, similarly to the fourth embodiment, the heat transfer tubes 21 and 21 housed in the condensing portion 13 of the inner casing 11 are formed in a spiral shape, and are formed in a spiral shape. The formed heat transfer tubes 21 and 21 are arranged in a meandering shape, and a punched metal plate 40 is installed between the heat transfer tubes 21 and 21 arranged in a meandering shape, while the axial direction of the center of the spiral heat transfer tubes 21 and 21 is set. Are provided along the support.

As described above, in the present embodiment, the pillars 42 are provided along the axial direction of the central portions of the spiral heat transfer tubes 21 and 21 to reduce the gas passage area and increase the gas flow velocity. In addition, the heat transfer performance can be improved by promoting the diffusion of the water vapor contained in the gas. Further, since the column 42 is fixed to the inner casing 11, the inner casing 11
Can be increased in strength.

[0069]

As described above, in the condensation heat exchanger applied to the polymer electrolyte fuel cell system according to the present invention, the casing is formed as a double cylinder, and gas-liquid is provided between the outer casing and the inner casing. A separate section is provided, a condensing section is provided on the head on the inner casing side, and a condensed water storage section is provided on the bottom side on the inner casing side, so that one casing can be made multifunctional and compact. The installation area can be reduced.

Further, since the condenser applied to the polymer electrolyte fuel cell system according to the present invention is provided with means for improving the heat transfer coefficient of the heat transfer tube housed in the condensing section, the heat generated from the fuel cell body or the like can be improved. Energy can be sufficiently recovered.

In the condenser applied to the polymer electrolyte fuel cell system according to the present invention, the gas-liquid separation unit is connected to the condensed water storage unit to process more condensed water.
Since the condensed water reservoir is provided with a means for removing carbon dioxide contained in the condensed water, the condensed water can be sufficiently used again in a fuel reforming system or the like.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front sectional view showing a first embodiment of a condensation heat exchanger applied to a polymer electrolyte fuel cell system according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view seen from the direction of arrows AA in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a side view as seen from the direction of arrows BB in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram showing a perforated plate applied to a condensing section in the first embodiment of the condensing heat exchanger.

FIG. 5 is a conceptual diagram showing a partition plate applied to a condensed water reservoir in the first embodiment of the condensing heat exchanger.

FIG. 6 is a front sectional view showing a second embodiment of the condensation heat exchanger applied to the polymer electrolyte fuel cell system according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a plan view seen from the direction of arrows CC in FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is a side view as seen from the direction of arrows DD in FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is a conceptual diagram showing an expanded metal plate applied to a condensing section in a second embodiment of the condensing heat exchanger.

FIG. 10 is a front sectional view showing a third embodiment of the condensation heat exchanger applied to the polymer electrolyte fuel cell system according to the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a plan view seen from the direction of arrows EE in FIG. 10;

FIG. 12 is a side view as seen from the direction of arrows FF in FIG. 11;

FIG. 13 is a front sectional view showing a fourth embodiment of the condensing heat exchanger applied to the polymer electrolyte fuel cell system according to the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a plan view seen from the direction of arrows GG in FIG. 13;

FIG. 15 is a side view as seen from the direction of arrows HH in FIG. 14;

FIG. 16 is a conceptual diagram showing a punched metal plate applied to a condensing section in a fourth embodiment of the condensing heat exchanger.

FIG. 17 is a front sectional view showing a fifth embodiment of the condensing heat exchanger applied to the polymer electrolyte fuel cell system according to the present invention.

FIG. 18 is a plan view as seen from the direction of arrows II in FIG. 17;

FIG. 19 is a side view as seen from the direction of arrows JJ in FIG. 18;

FIG. 20 is a schematic system diagram showing a conventional polymer electrolyte fuel cell system.

FIG. 21 is a schematic system diagram showing another conventional polymer electrolyte fuel cell system.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Fuel reforming system 1a Fuel part 2 Fuel cell main body 2a Fuel electrode 2b Air electrode 3 Gas-liquid separator 4 Condensing heat exchanger 5 Blower 6 Direct contact condensing heat exchanger 7 Indirect contact condensing heat exchanger 8 Bubbling chamber 9 Pump 10 Outer casing 11 Inner casing 12 Gas-liquid separation unit 13 Condensing unit 14 Condensed water storage unit 15 Bubbling unit 16 Fuel electrode inlet 17 Combustion unit outlet 18a, 18b, 18c Pipe 19 Oxidant exhaust gas inlet 20 Oxidant exhaust gas Outlet 21 Heat transfer tube 22 Heat transfer tube inlet 23 Heat transfer tube outlet 24 Perforated plate 25 First water storage room 26 First partition plate 27 Second water storage room 28 Bubbling room 29 Second partition plate 30 Third water storage room 31 Third partition plate 32 Folded part 33 Top plate 34 Slot 35 Air pipe 36 Bubbling stone 37 Condensed water supply pipe 38 Expanded metal plate 3 9 water storage room 40 perforated metal plate 41 hole 42 support

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page F term (reference) 3L103 AA05 BB50 CC02 CC26 DD06 DD38 5H026 AA06 5H027 AA06 BA01 BA05 BA16 DD06

Claims (16)

[Claims] 1. A polymer electrolyte fuel cell system in which a gas-liquid separator and a condensing heat exchanger are combined with a fuel cell body using a solid polymer for an electrolyte membrane, wherein the condensing heat exchanger has an outer casing on the outside. Is provided with an inner casing on the inside to form a double container, a gas-liquid separator formed between the outer casing and the inner casing, and a condensation formed on the head side of the inside of the inner casing. And a condensed water storage section formed on the bottom side, and wherein the gas-liquid separation section and the condensed water storage section are connected to each other. 2. The polymer electrolyte fuel cell system according to claim 1, wherein a perforated plate is provided between the condensing section and the condensed water storage section. 3. The solid high-condensation unit according to claim 1, wherein the condensing section accommodates the heat transfer tube, and causes a heat medium to flow outside the heat transfer tube and a cooling water to flow inside the heat transfer tube to perform heat exchange. Molecular fuel cell system. 4. The polymer electrolyte fuel cell system according to claim 3, wherein the heat transfer tubes are arranged in a meandering manner in the axial direction of the condenser. 5. The heat transfer tube is formed in a spiral shape,
4. The polymer electrolyte fuel cell system according to claim 3, wherein the condensing section is arranged in a meandering manner in the axial direction. 6. The polymer electrolyte fuel cell system according to claim 5, wherein the spirally formed heat transfer tube has a support on a central axis. 7. The condensing section accommodates a heat transfer tube extending in a meandering shape in the axial direction, and has a partitioning means in an intermediate portion of the heat transfer tube in the axial direction. 7. The polymer electrolyte fuel cell system according to any one of claims 6 to 6. 8. The polymer electrolyte fuel cell system according to claim 7, wherein the partition means is formed in a mesh shape. 9. The polymer electrolyte fuel cell system according to claim 7, wherein the partitioning means comprises a perforated plate. 10. The polymer electrolyte fuel cell system according to claim 9, wherein the perforated plate has a different density distribution of holes. 11. The polymer electrolyte fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the gas-liquid separation unit has an inlet on a bottom side of the outer casing and an outlet on a head side of the outer casing. system. 12. The condensed water storage unit combines and temporarily stores condensed water from the gas-liquid separation unit and condensed water from the condensation unit, and removes carbon dioxide contained in the water storage chamber and the combined condensed water. The polymer electrolyte fuel cell system according to claim 1, further comprising a bubbling chamber. 13. The water storage chamber and the bubbling chamber are separated from each other by a partition plate, and the openings of the partition plates that partition the respective chambers are alternately arranged so that condensed water flows in a meandering manner. The polymer electrolyte fuel cell system according to claim 11, wherein 14. The polymer electrolyte fuel cell according to claim 12, wherein the partition plate for partitioning the bubbling chamber includes a top plate that extends in an inclined manner toward the inner casing with the bent portion as a boundary. system. 15. The polymer electrolyte fuel cell system according to claim 13, wherein the top plate has a long hole. 16. The polymer electrolyte fuel cell system according to claim 11, wherein the bubbling chamber contains a bubbling stone for removing carbon dioxide contained in condensed water by forming air bubbles.