JP2002229519A - Display device and its driving method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain an image having a reduced amount of flicker in a display device that is driven by IC operated at a low voltage level. SOLUTION: The display device is provided with a display element, a video signal driving circuit and a scanning signal driving circuit. The element has a plurality of pixel electrodes arranged in a matrix manner, switching elements connected to the pixel electrodes, scanning electrodes, video signal electrodes and common electrodes. Moreover, storage capacitance provided between the pixel electrodes and the scanning electrodes excluding the scanning electrodes of this stage. The scanning signal driving circuit superimposes a coupling voltage (a storage capacitance coupling voltage) to a holding potential of the pixel electrode through the storage capacitance. At that time, at least two kinds of values are provided to the storage capacitance coupling voltages to be given to the pixel electrodes of each row. Then, the average value polarity of the storage capacitance coupling voltages is reversed for every two rows along the arrangement order of the rows.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to an active matrix type display device using a switching element such as a thin film transistor.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A display device using a liquid crystal is widely used as a thin and lightweight flat display for display devices of various electronic devices. Among them, an active matrix type liquid crystal display device using a switching element such as a thin film transistor is widely applied to a monitor display for a personal computer and a liquid crystal television due to its excellent image characteristics.

First, a basic configuration of an active matrix type display device will be described with reference to FIG. Display device 101
Is roughly composed of a scanning signal driving circuit 102, a video signal driving circuit 103, and a display element 106. The display device includes a plurality of pixel electrodes 108 arranged in a matrix, a plurality of switching elements 107 arranged corresponding to these, and a row direction (horizontal direction) corresponding to the matrix arrangement of the pixel electrodes. The main components are the plurality of scanning electrodes 104 arranged and the plurality of video signal electrodes 105 arranged in the column direction (vertical direction). Note that the video signal electrode 105 is electrically connected to the pixel electrode 108 via the switching element 107. Further, a common electrode (not shown; sometimes called a counter electrode, but will be referred to as a common electrode here) is provided opposite to the pixel electrode 108, and a liquid crystal is provided between the pixel electrode and the common electrode. And other display media are inserted. The video signal drive circuit 103 includes a plurality of video signal electrodes 10 of the display element 106.
5 is a drive circuit for applying a video signal. The scanning signal driving circuit 102 is a driving circuit that applies a scanning signal for controlling conduction of the switching element 107 to the plurality of scanning electrodes 104 of the display element 106.

As one driving method of this active matrix type liquid crystal display device, Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2-913 and AM-LC95 (AM-LCD95) are referred to.
There is a capacitive coupling driving method disclosed on pages 9 to 62. This is to apply a superimposed voltage to the pixel electrode potential through capacitive coupling between the storage capacitance and the pixel capacitance. Usually, a storage capacitor is formed between a pixel electrode and a preceding or succeeding scanning electrode (also referred to as a gate electrode or a gate line), and is superposed by changing the preceding or succeeding scanning voltage (gate voltage) in a stepwise manner. Voltage is being applied. The effect of this voltage superposition has the effects of lowering the video signal voltage (source voltage), reducing drive power, improving response speed, and improving drive reliability.

FIG. 3 shows an equivalent circuit of one pixel of a liquid crystal display device in which a storage capacitor Cst is formed between a pre-stage scanning electrode and a pixel electrode. FIG. 4 shows the potential of each part when this is driven. It is for doing. In FIG. 3, TF
T is a thin film transistor (Th) as a switching element
In Film Transistor, Cgd is the capacitance between the gate and the drain, Clc is the capacitance between the pixel electrode and the common electrode (capacity mainly formed by liquid crystal, but other media are added electrically in series or in parallel. Vg (n−n).
1) is the potential of the preceding scanning electrode, Vg (n) is the potential of the current scanning electrode, Vs is the video signal potential, Vd is the pixel potential, and Vf is the potential of the common electrode.

When a voltage is applied to the liquid crystal, if a signal having the same polarity is applied for a long time, a charge-up occurs, and the voltage-transmittance characteristic (TV characteristic) fluctuates or is deteriorated by ion decomposition. That happens. Therefore, it is common to apply positive and negative voltages alternately for each frame (display cycle).

Although the term "polarity of the voltage applied to the liquid crystal" is used here, it means the sign of the pixel electrode potential with reference to the common electrode potential unless otherwise specified. . In the following, the term “polarity of the pixel electrode potential” may be used, and this is completely synonymous with “the polarity of the voltage applied to the liquid crystal”.

Now, return to FIG. In odd frames, the video signal voltage takes a negative value and is Vsig (-). The scanning electrode potential Vg (n) at this stage is turned on level Vgo.
When it becomes n, the TFT becomes conductive (ON state) and the pixel potential Vd is charged to Vsig (-) (hereinafter, setting the potential of the scan electrode to Vgon is simply referred to as "selecting the scan electrode"). There is). Next, Vg (n) is turned off to bring the TFT into a non-conductive state (OFF state). During this time, the potential of the scanning electrode at the previous stage is a certain potential Vge.
(+) Is applied. Thereafter, V is applied to the previous scanning electrode.
When a downward step voltage from ge (+) to Vgoff is applied, a coupling voltage proportional to this voltage difference is superimposed downward on the pixel potential Vs (arrow in the figure).

In an even-numbered frame, the video signal voltage takes a positive value and is Vsig (+). Also in this case, the pixel electrode is set to Vsig (+) in the same manner as in the case of the odd frame.
Is charged. During this time, a certain potential Vge (−) is also applied to the previous scanning electrode. This time, an upward step voltage from Vge (−) to Vgoff is applied by the previous scanning electrode. A coupling voltage proportional to this voltage difference is superimposed on the pixel potential Vd in an upward direction.

In any case, a slight coupling voltage is further generated due to the influence of the step voltage applied to the scanning electrode at this stage, and this potential is maintained until the next charging. Note that the potential held at the pixel electrode at this time is referred to as a pixel electrode holding potential (if there is an off-leak current in the TFT or there is a potential change due to capacitive coupling from the video signal electrode, the pixel electrode holding potential is changed until the next charge. However, in such a case, the average value of the pixel electrodes during the period until the next charge may be defined.)

As a result, while a voltage having a small amplitude (Vsig (+) and Vsig (-)) is applied to the video signal electrode, a larger amplitude (Vdo (+) and Vdo (-) is applied to the pixel electrode in the display state. )) Can be applied. For example, a video signal I with an output voltage width of 5 volts
Using C, the voltage width applied to the liquid crystal is set to 10 volts or 15 volts.
The voltage can be increased to volts, and the liquid crystal can be driven at a voltage higher than the withstand voltage while using a low withstand voltage IC. This can be said to be due to the fact that different values of the coupling voltage are applied between the odd frame and the even frame. This is because if the magnitude and direction of both coupling voltages are the same, the range obtained by translating the video signal range by the coupling voltage as it is becomes only the range of the pixel electrode holding potential, and the effect of increasing the amplitude is obtained. It is not possible.

The period during which the scan electrode potential is Vge (+) or Vge (-) is called a compensation period, and the potential Vge (±) at this time is called a compensation potential (compensation voltage). Further, Vgoff is a scanning electrode potential at which the TFT is turned off, and this potential is held in most of the one frame period other than the period when Vgon or Vge (+) or Vge (-) is reached. (Excluding potential fluctuation due to crosstalk, etc.). That is, Vgoff can also be referred to as the scanning electrode potential in the display state. Note that the scanning signal drive circuit generally has Vgon, Vgoff, Vge
(+) And Vge (-) are output (however, Vge (+) = Vgoff or Vge (-)).
(-) = Vgoff may have three values).

[0013] Incidentally, the above-described superposition of voltages is nothing but the law of conservation of charge on the pixel electrode from another viewpoint. That is, the charge of the pixel electrode is stored from immediately before the charge of the pixel is completed and the scan electrode potential falls (the potential is Vgon) to the end of the Vge (±) period and the potential becomes Vgoff. For each of the odd frame and the even frame, the relational expression of (Equation 8) is obtained.

[0014]

(Equation 8)

When these are deformed, (Equation 9) is obtained.

[0016]

(Equation 9)

However, ΔVgon, ΔVge (+), ΔV
Ge (−), αgd, and αst are represented by (Equation 10) and (Equation 11).

[0018]

(Equation 10)

[0019]

[Equation 11]

In both equations (9), the second term on the right side (−α
stΔVge (+) and −αstΔVge (−)) correspond to the superimposed amount due to the coupling voltage via the storage capacitor Cst, and the third term on the right side (−αgdΔVgon) is the coupling voltage due to the scanning electrode at this stage (including the negative sign). Note) Hereinafter, the former (the second term on the right side) is referred to as a storage capacitance coupling voltage, the latter is referred to as a self-capacitance coupling voltage, and the sum thereof is referred to as a total coupling voltage. Note that the absolute value of the self-coupling voltage is also called a punch-through (field-through) voltage. In Expression 11, Ctot corresponds to the sum of the capacitances electrically connected to the pixel electrodes.

(Equation 9) is the same as that described above with reference to FIG. 4 (at the same time that the scanning signal drive circuit selects a certain row to make the TFT conductive, and is connected via the storage capacitor of that row. By setting the potential of another scan electrode to the compensation potential, the storage capacitance coupling voltage is superimposed on the pixel electrode holding potential) more clearly and quantitatively. According to (Equation 10), the storage capacitance coupling voltage is an amount proportional to the difference between the compensation potential and the display state potential (Vgoff), and this potential difference corresponds to the step voltage described with reference to FIG.

By the way, as described in FIG. 4, the pixel electrode is charged with a signal voltage whose polarity is inverted every frame. At this time, the entire screen may be inverted with the same polarity on a frame-by-frame basis (field inversion method), or alternatively, on a row-by-row basis with a reverse polarity (line inversion method) on a column-by-column basis. There are a method of inverting by inverting the polarity (column inversion method), and a method of inverting in a checkered pattern by combining line inversion and column inversion (dot inversion method). 5A, FIG. 5B, and FIG.
(C) and FIG. 5 (d). The video signal electrodes VSP and VSQ adjacent to each other are
When the voltage waveform applied to is drawn, it becomes like the waveform on the right side of each figure. In the case of field inversion and column inversion, the polarity of the video signal applied to the video signal electrode within one frame is constant. In the case of line inversion and dot inversion, the polarity of the video signal is selected each time the scanning electrode is selected. Is inverted. Also,
In the case of field inversion and line inversion, the polarity between adjacent video signal electrodes is the same, but in the case of column inversion and dot inversion, they have opposite polarities.

Here, the term "polarity of the video signal" is used, which is determined by the polarity of the potential finally held by the pixel electrode (that is, the same as the polarity of the voltage applied to the liquid crystal). It shall be defined correspondingly. That is,
A video signal whose polarity of the pixel electrode holding potential is positive is defined as positive polarity, and a video signal whose polarity of the pixel electrode holding potential is negative is defined as negative polarity.

Now, consider a case where an image having a uniform gradation is presented over the entire display area. If there is a difference in the transmittance (that is, luminance) of the liquid crystal between the positive polarity and the negative polarity, for example, in the case of the frame inversion method, the entire display area repeats light and dark every frame, so that the display area appears to flicker. This flicker is also called flicker. On the other hand, in the line inversion method, since the fluctuations in lightness and darkness are opposite to each other between adjacent rows, the two cancel each other out and flicker is reduced. The same applies to the case of the column inversion method because the adjacent columns cancel each other.
In the case of the dot inversion method, the image is canceled both between the adjacent rows and between the adjacent columns, so that the flicker is also small. As described above, in order to reduce flicker, it is desirable to adopt a method other than the field inversion.

When the circuit of FIG. 3 is arranged in a matrix as shown in FIG. 6 to form an array, it is difficult to perform the above-described capacitive coupling driving method by the column inversion method or the dot inversion method. is there. This is because, in the case of column inversion or dot inversion, for example, in FIG.
1 is selected and a pixel belonging to this scan electrode (scan electrode G
When charging the pixel between 0 and G1), the adjacent pixels are charged with opposite polarities. However, the storage capacitor coupling voltage given from the preceding scanning electrode has the same polarity over all the pixels in this row. This is because the effect of increasing the amplitude of the pixel electrode holding potential cannot be obtained for all the pixels.

The "polarity of the storage capacitance coupling voltage"
Is defined as a code based on the average value of two storage capacitance coupling voltages. Assuming that Vge (+)> Vge (−), as can be seen from the definition of the storage capacitance coupling voltage and (Equation 10), the storage capacitance coupling voltage −αs corresponding to the compensation potential Vge (+).
tΔVge (+) has a negative polarity, and −αstΔVge (−) corresponding to Vge (−) has a positive polarity (Vg
Note that the sign is opposite to the sign of e (±). In the sense that the average value is used as a reference, there is also a case where the polarity is particularly the average value.

In summary, the line inversion method enables the capacitive coupling driving method and reduces flicker for uniform display.

FIG. 7 shows the timing of the scanning electrode signal and the video signal in the even-odd frame in the case of performing the line-inversion type capacitive coupling drive in the array configuration of FIG.
When scanning is performed from top to bottom in FIG. 6, G0, G1,
The scan electrodes are selected in the order of G2, G3,... (That is, the potential becomes Vgon). That is, each row is sequentially selected in time according to the (spatial) arrangement order of the rows. Here, when a scanning electrode of a certain row is selected, the potential of another scanning electrode connected to the pixels belonging to that row via the storage capacitor is a compensation potential. According to the configuration of FIG. 6, for example, when G1 is selected, G0 is selected.
However, when G2 is selected, G1 is at the compensation potential. The storage capacitance coupling voltage is inverted for each row (as described above, the polarity of the storage capacitance coupling voltage is opposite to the polarity of the compensation potential), and has the opposite polarity in the even-odd frame. . Further, the polarity of the video signal is also inverted for each row corresponding to the polarity of the storage capacitor coupling voltage (the video signal S
The sign indicated by a circle above indicates the polarity). In FIG. 6, a cycle in which each row is sequentially scanned is called a 1H period.

Here, one supplementary explanation is given. As described above, the polarity of the video signal is defined to match the polarity of the voltage held in the liquid crystal after the application of the coupling voltage.
Therefore, in some cases, the potential Vsi of the video signal of the positive polarity
g (+) may be smaller than that of negative polarity Vsig (-). This will be described with reference to FIG. Now, a case of a normally white liquid crystal (a liquid crystal that is in a transmissive state (white) when the absolute value of the voltage applied to the liquid crystal is small and is in a cutoff state (black) when the absolute value of the voltage applied is large) will be considered as an example. At this time, the range of the video signal voltage in each of the even and odd frames (the range in which the voltage of the video signal can be taken between black and white) and
FIG. 8A shows the range of the pixel electrode holding potential after the storage capacitance coupling voltage is superimposed. In an even-numbered frame, the polarity of the pixel electrode holding potential is positive, and accordingly, the video signal is also defined as positive. Similarly, the polarity of the pixel electrode potential is negative in the odd-numbered frames, and the video signal is correspondingly defined as having a negative polarity. According to this figure, in the case of the gradation region near black, it is true that Vsig (+)> Vsig
(-), But in the case of a gradation area near white, Vsi
It can be seen that g (+) <Vsig (-). A normally black liquid crystal (a liquid crystal that is in a transmissive state (white) when the absolute value of the voltage applied to the liquid crystal is large, and is in a cut-off state (black) when the absolute value of the voltage applied is small) only changes between white and black in the figure. Is the same. When the polarity of the video signal in each frame is as shown in FIG.
ig (+)> Vsig (-).

As a more detailed supplement, FIG.
When the range of the pixel electrode holding potential is over the common electrode potential as in (c), if the definition of the polarity of the video signal described above is strictly applied, the polarity of the video signal is not constant depending on the gray level. become. However, most gradations are positive in odd frames and negative in even frames. For convenience, odd frames are called positive and negative frames are called negative regardless of gradation level.

For reference, as a method of performing the capacitive coupling drive method by column inversion or dot inversion, Asada et al., Journal of the Institute of Image Information and Television Engineers, Vol. 52, no. 7, pp9
It should be noted that there is a method described in J. 92-995 (1998). As the array configuration, as shown in FIG. 9, pixels that are vertically inverted for each column are used. In the case of this configuration, for example, a pixel surrounded by a circle is charged when the scan electrode G1 is selected, but a scan in which the storage capacitor Cst is connected between the odd-numbered columns S1 and S3 and the even-numbered columns S2 and S4. Since the electrodes are different (the odd-numbered column is connected to G2 and the even-numbered column is connected to G0), it is possible to apply a storage capacitor coupling voltage having a different polarity in the even and odd columns.

[0032]

In the (prior art), it has been described that the line inversion type capacitive coupling driving method has less flicker for uniform display. However, not all display patterns have a low flicker.

FIGS. 10A to 10D show examples of display patterns when attention is paid to 8 × 8 pixels. Pixels with diagonal lines indicate black (low gradation) display, and pixels without diagonal lines indicate white (high gradation) display. 10A corresponds to the uniform display described above, FIG. 10B shows a one-row pitch horizontal stripe pattern, FIG. 10C shows a one-row pitch vertical stripe pattern, and FIG. This is a checkered dot pattern. When a hatch pattern or the like is displayed on a display for a personal computer, patterns as shown in FIGS. 10B to 10D often appear. By the way, Microsoft
Windows 98, Microsoft Windows
"End of Windows" such as ws2000
The screen is also a checkered dot pattern.

In the case of the line inversion method, FIG.
This pattern coincides with the polarity reversal pattern of the pixel, so that the effect of offsetting brightness fluctuation between adjacent rows cannot be obtained, and flicker remains. In addition, Asada et al., Journal of the Institute of Image Information and Television Engineers, Vol. 52,
No. 7, even if column inversion or dot inversion driving is performed by adopting the configuration of pp992-995 (1998), the pixel polarity is still displayed when the patterns of FIGS. 10C and 10D are displayed, respectively. The pattern matches the reverse pattern, and flicker remains.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and has the advantages of the capacitive coupling driving method that can be driven by a low-voltage IC, and the flickering of each pattern shown in FIG. It provides a means to balance the advantages of being able to control.

[0036]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a display device including a display element, a video signal driving circuit, and a scanning signal driving circuit. The display element includes a plurality of pixel electrodes arranged in a matrix, a switching element connected thereto, a scan electrode, a video signal electrode, and a common electrode, and the pixel electrode and the scan A storage capacitor between the electrodes except for the scanning electrode at this stage, and the scanning signal driving circuit is configured to connect a holding voltage of the pixel electrode to a coupling voltage via the storage capacitor (hereinafter referred to as a storage capacitance coupling voltage). ), The storage capacitor coupling voltage applied to the pixel electrodes in each row has at least two values, and the polarity of the storage capacitor coupling voltage with respect to the average value of the row is When viewed in array order, N As an integer of 2 or more, characterized in that it is inverted every N lines is a display device.

Further, in the second display device according to the present invention, in the first display device according to the present invention, the polarity of the video signal applied to the pixel electrode when each row is selected is determined by applying the polarity to the pixel electrode in the row. A display device characterized by being inverted every N rows in accordance with the polarity of the average value of the applied storage capacitance coupling voltage.

The third display device of the present invention is the display device according to the second display device of the present invention, wherein N = 2.

A fourth display device according to the present invention is characterized in that, in the third display device according to the present invention, the scanning signal drive circuit selects each row sequentially in time according to the arrangement order of the rows. It is a display device.

A fifth display device according to the present invention is a display device including a display element, a video signal driving circuit, and a scanning signal driving circuit, wherein the display elements are arranged in a matrix. A pixel electrode, a switching element connected thereto, a scan electrode, a video signal electrode, and a common electrode, and the pixel electrode and the scan electrode except for the scan electrode at this stage. The scanning signal drive circuit has a function of superimposing a coupling voltage via the storage capacitor on a holding potential of the pixel electrode, and the scanning signal driving circuit has a function of accumulating the voltage applied to the pixel electrode in each row. The capacitance coupling voltage has at least two types of values, and the polarity of the storage capacitance coupling voltage with respect to the average value is inverted every two rows when viewed in the arrangement order of the rows. When you try A display device, wherein a direction in which a row to which the scan electrode to which the pixel electrode is connected via the storage capacitor belongs is coincident with a direction in which each row is sequentially selected in time. It is.

A sixth display device according to the present invention is a display device comprising a display element, a video signal driving circuit, and a scanning signal driving circuit, wherein the display elements are arranged in a matrix. A pixel electrode, a switching element connected thereto, a scan electrode, a video signal electrode, and a common electrode, and the pixel electrode and the scan electrode except for the scan electrode at this stage. The scanning signal drive circuit has a function of superimposing a coupling voltage via the storage capacitor on a holding potential of the pixel electrode, and the scanning signal driving circuit has a function of accumulating the voltage applied to the pixel electrode in each row. The capacitance coupling voltage has at least two types of values, and the polarity of the storage capacitance coupling voltage with respect to the average value is inverted every two rows when viewed in the arrangement order of the rows. When you try The direction in which the rows to which the scanning electrodes to which the pixel electrodes are connected via the storage capacitors belong is opposite to the direction in which each row is sequentially selected in time, and immediately after the selection of a certain row is completed. Characterized in that the potential of the scanning electrode in the row temporarily shifts to a constant potential,
A display device.

A seventh display device of the present invention is the display device according to the sixth display device of the present invention, wherein the constant potential is lower than the potential of the scanning electrode in a display state. .

The eighth display device according to the present invention is the display device according to the fifth or sixth display device according to the fifth or sixth display device of the present invention, wherein the pixel electrode of a certain row has the potential of the scanning electrode when the row is selected and when the row is not selected. The coupling voltage applied to the pixel electrode due to the difference is called a self-coupling voltage, and the sum of the storage capacitance coupling voltage and the self-coupling voltage is called a total coupling voltage. When two rows selected and superimposed with the storage capacitor coupling voltage having the same polarity are referred to as a first row and a second row, respectively, in a temporal selection order, the average polarity of the first row and the second row is equal to each other. Either the total coupling voltage when the positive storage capacitance coupling voltage is applied is not the same value, or when the storage capacitance coupling voltage with a negative average polarity in the first row and the second row is applied. The same coupling voltage has the same value Characterized in that there is a display device.

According to a ninth display device of the present invention, in the eighth display device of the present invention, the display medium is a normally white type, and the first and second rows have a positive average polarity. The total coupling voltage when the storage capacitance coupling voltage is given is ΔVcc (+, 1) and ΔVcc (+, 2), respectively, and the storage capacitance coupling whose average polarity is negative in the first row and the second row is negative. The total coupling voltage when a voltage is applied is ΔVcc (−, 1) and ΔVcc (−,
When (2) is satisfied, (Equation 1) is satisfied.
A display device.

A tenth display device according to the present invention is the display device according to the ninth display device according to the ninth display device of the present invention, wherein the storage capacity when the storage capacitor coupling voltage having a positive average polarity is applied to the first and second rows. The potential of the scanning electrode to which the capacitor is connected is Vge
(+, 1) and Vge (+, 2), the scan of the connection destination of the storage capacitor when the storage capacitor coupling voltage having a negative average polarity is applied to the first row and the second row. The potentials of the electrodes are Vge (-, 1) and Vge, respectively.
(-, 2), the ratio of the capacitance between the scanning electrodes and the pixel electrodes in the first row to the total capacitance electrically connected to the pixel electrodes is αgd (1), and the second row is Αgd is the ratio of the capacitance between the scanning electrode and the pixel electrode to the total capacitance electrically connected to the pixel electrode.
(2) A display device characterized by satisfying (Equation 2).

An eleventh display device according to the present invention is the display device according to the ninth display device according to the present invention, characterized by satisfying (Equation 3).

According to a twelfth display device of the present invention, in the eighth display device of the present invention, the display medium is of a normally black type, and the first and second rows have a positive average polarity. The total coupling voltage when the storage capacitance coupling voltage is given is ΔVcc (+, 1) and ΔVcc (+, 2), respectively, and the storage capacitance coupling whose average polarity is negative in the first row and the second row is negative. The total coupling voltage when a voltage is applied is ΔVcc (−, 1) and ΔVcc (−,
When 2), (Equation 4) is satisfied.
A display device.

A thirteenth display device according to the present invention is the display device according to the twelfth display device according to the twelfth display device, wherein the storage capacity when the storage capacitor coupling voltage having a positive polarity with respect to the average value in the first and second rows is applied. The potential of the scanning electrode to which the capacitor is connected is Vge
(+, 1) and Vge (+, 2), the scan of the connection destination of the storage capacitor when the storage capacitor coupling voltage having a negative average polarity is applied to the first row and the second row. The potentials of the electrodes are Vge (-, 1) and Vge, respectively.
(-, 2), the ratio of the capacitance between the scanning electrodes and the pixel electrodes in the first row to the total capacitance electrically connected to the pixel electrodes is αgd (1), and the second row is Αgd is the ratio of the capacitance between the scanning electrode and the pixel electrode to the total capacitance electrically connected to the pixel electrode.
(2) A display device characterized by satisfying (Equation 5).

A fourteenth display device of the present invention is the display device according to the twelfth display device of the present invention, characterized by satisfying (Equation 6).

According to a fifteenth display device of the present invention, in the eighth display device of the present invention, the display device monitors the potential of any one of the common electrode and the scanning electrode and feeds it back to the scanning signal drive circuit. A display device including a potential monitor unit.

A sixteenth display device of the present invention is the display device according to the fifteenth display device of the present invention, wherein the potential monitor predicts a coupling voltage correction factor, and sets the value to δVo, and sets a scanning signal drive circuit. Wherein the value of the total coupling voltage generated by the correction is corrected so as to satisfy (Equation 7).

According to a seventeenth display device of the present invention, in the eighth display device of the present invention, the display device monitors the potential of either the common electrode or the scanning electrode and feeds back the potential to the video signal drive circuit. A display device including a potential monitor unit.

According to an eighteenth display device of the present invention, in the display device of the fifth or sixth display device of the present invention, the potential of the scanning electrode at the time of selection and non-selection of a row with respect to a pixel electrode of a certain row is determined. The coupling voltage applied to the pixel electrode due to the difference is called a self-coupling voltage, and the sum of the storage capacitance coupling voltage and the self-coupling voltage is called a total coupling voltage. The total coupling voltage when the storage capacitance coupling voltage is given by ΔVcc (+),
Assuming that the total coupling voltage when the storage capacitance coupling voltage having a negative polarity with respect to the average value is given is ΔVcc (−), 走 査 ΔVcc (+) + ΔVcc ( −)｝ / 2, wherein the value of｝ / 2 is smaller than the value of a portion of the scanning electrode near the scanning signal drive circuit power supply end.

According to a nineteenth display device of the present invention, in the eighteenth display device of the present invention, the capacitance between the scanning electrode and the pixel electrode is smaller than the sum of the capacitance electrically connected to the pixel electrode. When the ratio is αgd, the value of αgd in a portion of the scanning electrode far from the scanning signal drive circuit feeding end is:
The display device is characterized in that the value is larger than a value of a portion of the scanning electrode near a scanning signal drive circuit power supply end.

A twentieth display device according to the present invention is the display device according to the eleventh, fourteenth, or sixteenth display device according to the present invention, in which ｛ΔVcc (+, 1) + ΔVcc (+, 2) + Δ
The value of Vcc (-, 1) + ΔVcc (-, 2)｝ / 4 is
A display device characterized in that the value is smaller than a value of a portion of the scanning electrode near a scanning signal drive circuit power supply end.

The twenty-first display device of the present invention is the twentieth display device of the present invention, and the second display device of the present invention is the first display device of the present invention. When the ratio of the capacitance between the pixel electrodes to the sum of the capacitances electrically connected to the pixel electrodes is αgd, the value of αgd in a portion of the scan electrode far from the scanning signal drive circuit power supply end is the value of the scan electrode. A display device characterized in that the value is larger than a value near a power supply end of a scanning signal drive circuit.

A twenty-second display device according to the present invention is a display device including a display element, a video signal driving circuit, and a scanning signal driving circuit, wherein the display elements are arranged in a matrix. A pixel electrode, a switching element connected thereto, a scan electrode, a video signal electrode, and a common electrode, and the pixel electrode and the scan electrode except for the scan electrode at this stage. The scanning signal drive circuit has a function of superimposing a coupling voltage via the storage capacitor on a holding potential of the pixel electrode, and the scanning signal driving circuit has a function of accumulating the voltage applied to the pixel electrode in each row. The capacitive coupling voltage has at least two values. When the display element is divided into unit blocks each having 2N rows, where N is an integer of 2 or more, only the odd-numbered rows of the 2N rows are focused on. Sometimes said Both the positive and negative rows with the positive polarity and the negative polarity of the integrated capacitance coupling voltage exist, and when attention is paid only to the even-numbered rows of the 2N rows, the positive and negative polarities of the storage capacitive coupling voltage are positive. And the scanning signal drive circuit sequentially and alternately sequentially selects a positive row and a negative row in which the polarity of the storage capacitance coupling voltage with respect to the average value is positive. It is a display device.

According to a twenty-third display device of the present invention, in the twenty-second display device of the present invention, the smallest one of N is an even number and only the odd-numbered one of the 2N rows of the unit block. When the attention is paid, the number of rows having the same average polarity as the average value of the storage capacitance coupling voltage is equal to the number of the negative rows, and when attention is paid only to the even-numbered rows of the 2N rows of the unit block, A display device, characterized in that there are the same number of rows each having a positive polarity and a negative row with respect to the average polarity of the capacitive coupling voltage.

According to a twenty-fourth display device of the present invention, in the twenty-second display device of the present invention, the smallest one of N is an odd number and only the odd-numbered one of the 2N rows of the unit block. When attention is paid, when the difference between the number of rows having a positive polarity and the average polarity of the storage capacity coupling voltage is ± 1 and only the even-numbered row among the 2N rows of the unit block is considered. The display device is characterized in that a difference between a row having a positive polarity and a negative polarity with respect to the average polarity of the storage capacitance coupling voltage is ± 1.

A twenty-fifth display device according to the present invention is the display device according to the twenty-third display device of the present invention, wherein the smallest one of N is 2.

According to a twenty-sixth display device of the present invention, in the twenty-fifth display device of the present invention, four rows included in the unit block are arranged in the order of arrangement in the first row, the second row, the third row, and the fourth row. It is referred to as a fourth row, and the pixel electrodes of the first row and the second row are provided with a storage capacitance coupling voltage having a positive average polarity, and the pixel electrodes of the third row and the fourth row are provided with a pair. The storage capacitance coupling voltage having a negative average polarity is applied, and the scanning signal driving circuit temporally changes the order of the first row, the third row, the second row, and the fourth row, or the second row and the third row. Row, first row, fourth row, or first row, fourth row, second row, third row, or second row, fourth row, first row, third row Order, or
The order of the third line, the first line, the fourth line, the second line, or the third line
Row, second row, fourth row, first row, or fourth row, first row, third row, second row, or fourth row, second row,
A display device characterized by selecting in the order of a third row and a first row.

A twenty-seventh display device according to the present invention is the display device according to the twenty-second display device according to the present invention, wherein:
A display device having a function of changing the order of presenting video signals in accordance with the order of temporal selection of each row.

A twenty-eighth scanning signal driving apparatus according to the present invention includes a plurality of pixel electrodes arranged in a matrix, a plurality of switching elements arranged corresponding to the plurality of pixel electrodes, and a matrix of the plurality of pixel electrodes. A plurality of scanning electrodes arranged in the row direction corresponding to the shape arrangement, and a storage element having a storage capacitance between the pixel electrode and the scanning electrode except for the scanning electrode at this stage A scanning signal driving device for driving the scanning signal driving device, wherein the scanning signal driving device has a function of superimposing a coupling voltage via the storage capacitor on a holding potential of the pixel electrode. There are at least two kinds of values of the storage capacitance coupling voltage output from each other, and the polarity of the storage capacitance coupling voltage with respect to the average value is inverted every N rows when N is an integer of 2 or more when viewed in the order of rows. are doing Characterized the door, it is a scanning signal driving device.

A twenty-ninth scanning signal driving apparatus according to the present invention comprises a plurality of pixel electrodes arranged in a matrix, a plurality of switching elements arranged corresponding to the plurality of pixel electrodes, and a matrix of the plurality of pixel electrodes. A plurality of scanning electrodes arranged in the row direction corresponding to the shape arrangement, and a storage element having a storage capacitance between the pixel electrode and the scanning electrode except for the scanning electrode at this stage A scanning signal driving device for driving the scanning signal driving device, wherein the scanning signal driving device has a function of superimposing a coupling voltage via the storage capacitor on a holding potential of the pixel electrode. There are at least two values of the storage capacitance coupling voltage output by the scanning signal driving device, and the scanning signal driving device provides the storage capacitance coupling voltage immediately before outputting a potential level for selecting a scanning electrode of a certain row. A scanning level driving device, wherein the polarity of the storage capacitance coupling voltage with respect to the average value is inverted every two rows when viewed in the arrangement order of the rows. .

A thirtieth scanning signal driving apparatus according to the present invention comprises a plurality of pixel electrodes arranged in a matrix, a plurality of switching elements arranged corresponding to the plurality of pixel electrodes, and a matrix of the plurality of pixel electrodes. A plurality of scanning electrodes arranged in the row direction corresponding to the shape arrangement, and a storage element having a storage capacitance between the pixel electrode and the scanning electrode except for the scanning electrode at this stage A scanning signal driving device for driving the scanning signal driving device, wherein the scanning signal driving device has a function of superimposing a coupling voltage via the storage capacitor on a holding potential of the pixel electrode. There are at least two kinds of values of the storage capacitance coupling voltage output by the scanning signal driving device, and the scanning signal driving device outputs a constant level potential immediately after outputting a potential level for selecting a scanning electrode of a certain row. It outputs a potential level for providing a storage capacitance coupling voltage, and the average polarity of the storage capacitance coupling voltage is inverted every two rows when viewed in the row arrangement order. A scanning signal driving device.

A thirty-first scanning signal driving apparatus according to the present invention includes a plurality of pixel electrodes arranged in a matrix, a plurality of switching elements arranged corresponding to the plurality of pixel electrodes, and a matrix of the plurality of pixel electrodes. A plurality of scanning electrodes arranged in the row direction corresponding to the shape arrangement, and a storage element having a storage capacitance between the pixel electrode and the scanning electrode except for the scanning electrode at this stage A scanning signal driving device for driving the scanning signal driving device, wherein the scanning signal driving device has a function of superimposing a coupling voltage via the storage capacitor on a holding potential of the pixel electrode. There are at least two kinds of values of the storage capacitance coupling voltage outputted by the scanning signal driving device. When the scanning signal driving device is divided into unit blocks each having 2N rows, where N is an integer of 2 or more, When attention is paid only to the number-th row, both the row having a positive polarity and a negative polarity with respect to the average polarity of the storage capacitance coupling voltage are present, and when attention is paid to only the even-numbered row of the 2N rows, Both the positive row and the negative row having the positive and negative polarities of the storage capacitance coupling voltage are present, and the scanning signal driving device is configured such that the positive and negative rows have the positive and negative polarities of the storage capacitance coupling voltage. A scanning signal driving device characterized in that selection is made alternately and sequentially in time.

A thirty-second method for driving a display device according to the present invention is a method for driving a display device comprising a display element, a video signal driving circuit, and a scanning signal driving circuit, wherein the display element is a matrix. A plurality of pixel electrodes arranged in a shape, a switching element connected thereto, a scanning electrode, a video signal electrode, and a common electrode, and the pixel electrode and the scanning electrode of this stage A scanning signal drive circuit for superimposing a coupling voltage via the storage capacitor on a holding potential of the pixel electrode; and The given storage capacitance coupling voltage has at least two types of values, and the polarity of the storage capacitance coupling voltage with respect to the average value is inverted every N rows when N is an integer of 2 or more when viewed in the order of rows. Table, characterized in that A driving method of the device.

A thirty-third driving method for a display device according to the present invention is a driving method for a display device comprising a display element, a video signal driving circuit, and a scanning signal driving circuit, wherein the display element is a matrix. A plurality of pixel electrodes arranged in a shape, a switching element connected thereto, a scanning electrode, a video signal electrode, and a common electrode, and the pixel electrode and the scanning electrode of this stage A scanning signal drive circuit for superimposing a coupling voltage via the storage capacitor on a holding potential of the pixel electrode; and The given storage capacitance coupling voltage has at least two types of values, and the polarity of the storage capacitance coupling voltage with respect to the average value is inverted every two rows when viewed in the row arrangement order, and is present in the display element. When we looked at rows The direction in which the row to which the scan electrode to which the pixel electrode of the row is connected via the storage capacitor is present coincides with the direction in which each row is sequentially selected in time. A driving method of the display device.

According to a thirty-fourth display device driving method of the present invention, in the thirty-third driving method of the present invention, the scanning signal driving circuit stores the potential immediately before outputting a potential level for selecting a scanning electrode of a certain row. A method for driving a display device, characterized by outputting a potential level for applying a capacitive coupling voltage.

A thirty-fifth method for driving a display element according to the present invention is a method for driving a display device comprising a display element, a video signal driving circuit, and a scanning signal driving circuit, wherein the display element is a matrix. A plurality of pixel electrodes arranged in a shape, a switching element connected thereto, a scanning electrode, a video signal electrode, and a common electrode, and the pixel electrode and the scanning electrode of this stage A scanning signal drive circuit for superimposing a coupling voltage via the storage capacitor on a holding potential of the pixel electrode; and The given storage capacitance coupling voltage has at least two types of values, and the polarity of the storage capacitance coupling voltage with respect to the average value is inverted every two rows when viewed in the arrangement order of the rows. The direction that is selected sequentially is shown in the table. In the element, when a certain row is viewed as a reference, the direction of the row to which the pixel electrode of the row belongs is opposite to the direction of the row to which the scan electrode connected via the storage capacitor exists, and the selection of the certain row is completed. Immediately after that, the potential of the scanning electrodes in the row temporarily shifts to a constant potential.

According to a thirty-sixth display device driving method of the present invention, in the thirty-fifth driving method of the present invention, the scanning signal driving circuit outputs a constant level immediately after outputting a potential level for selecting a scanning electrode of a certain row. A method for driving a display device, comprising: outputting a potential of a level, and then outputting a potential level for applying a storage capacitance coupling voltage.

A thirty-seventh method for driving a display device according to the present invention is a method for driving a display device comprising a display element, a video signal driving circuit, and a scanning signal driving circuit, wherein the display element comprises a matrix. A plurality of pixel electrodes arranged in a shape, a switching element connected thereto, a scanning electrode, a video signal electrode, and a common electrode, and the pixel electrode and the scanning electrode of this stage A scanning signal drive circuit for superimposing a coupling voltage via the storage capacitor on a holding potential of the pixel electrode; and The given storage capacitance coupling voltage has at least two values. When the display element is divided into unit blocks of 2N rows, where N is an integer of 2 or more, only odd-numbered rows of the 2N rows are used. And focused on Both positive and negative rows have positive and negative polarities of the storage capacitance coupling voltage, and when only the even-numbered rows of the 2N rows are focused on, Wherein both a positive row and a negative row are present, and the scanning signal drive circuit sequentially and temporally alternately selects a positive row and a negative row with respect to the average polarity of the storage capacitance coupling voltage. A method for driving a display device.

A thirty-eighth display apparatus according to the present invention is the display apparatus according to any one of the first to twenty-seventh aspects of the present invention, wherein the display medium is a liquid crystal. .

[0074]

(Embodiment 1) An example of an embodiment of the present invention will be described. The basic configuration of the display device is the same as that of FIG. 2, and the equivalent circuit of one pixel and the array configuration are also the same as those of FIGS. 3 and 6, respectively. However, the driving voltage waveforms generated by the scanning signal driving circuit and the video signal driving circuit are different from those in FIG. 7, and are shown in FIG.

In FIG. 1, the following points are common to FIG. That is, when scanning is performed from top to bottom in FIG. 6, the scanning electrodes are selected in the order of G0, G1, G2, G3,... (That is, temporally according to the spatial arrangement order of the rows). (Each row is sequentially selected.) However, when a scan electrode of a certain row is selected, the potential of another scan electrode connected to a pixel belonging to that row via a storage capacitor is a compensation potential. As in FIG. 7, for example, G0 is the compensation potential when G1 is selected, and G1 is the compensation potential when G2 is selected. As a result, the storage capacitance coupling voltage is superimposed on the pixel electrode potential (holding potential) in the display state. There are two kinds of values for the compensation potential, and therefore there are two kinds of values for the storage capacitance coupling voltage.

On the other hand, FIG. 1 is significantly different from FIG. 7 in the following point. That is, first, the average polarity of the coupling voltage given from the adjacent row when each row is selected (the definition of the term “polarity with respect to average” is 2 (as described in (Prior Art)) is 2). That is, each line is inverted. This corresponds to the fact that the polarity of the compensation potential is inverted every two rows. Secondly, correspondingly, the polarity of the video signal is inverted every two rows so that the effect of increasing the potential amplitude of the pixel electrode is obtained.

In the present embodiment, the display pattern as shown in FIG. 10 and the polarity (+ or −) of the pixel electrode potential are shown in FIG. 11 (this is for one of the odd and even frames). (In the other case, only + and-are reversed.) As can be seen from these figures, none of the display patterns in FIGS. 11A to 11D match the pattern of the polarity of the pixel electrode potential, and the brightness variation of the brightness for each frame is close to the neighboring pixels. Are offset each other, and flicker is suppressed. For example, in the case of FIG. 11A, the first and second rows (both +) are canceled with the third and fourth rows (both are −) (the same applies to the fifth and subsequent rows). In the case of FIG.
If attention is paid only to the bright part (high gradation part) of the display pattern, the first row (+) and the third row (-) are offset. Figure 1
Also in the case of 1 (c), in the column where the bright pattern is displayed, the first and second rows (both +) are offset by the third and fourth rows (both-). Also, in the case of FIG. 11D, if attention is paid only to the bright portion, the first row (+) and the third row (-) are offset in the odd columns, and
In even columns, the second row (+) and the fourth row (-) are canceled.

As described above, in the present embodiment, the advantages of the capacitive coupling driving method in which driving with a low-voltage IC is possible and the advantage that flicker can be suppressed even for each pattern shown in FIG. Can be compatible.

When a pattern that completely matches the polarity pattern of the pixel electrode holding potential is displayed as shown in FIG. 12, the even-odd frame luminance fluctuation canceling effect cannot be obtained, and flicker occurs. As far as this pattern is concerned,
In the configuration of the present embodiment, flicker becomes larger as compared with the conventional example (FIG. 7). However, the frequency of occurrence of the pattern shown in FIG. 12 in an actual personal computer output image or television image is extremely low as compared with the patterns shown in FIG. 10, and does not pose a practical problem.

(Consideration Regarding Horizontal Streak) The advantage of the capacitive coupling driving method that it is possible to drive with a low-voltage IC by the configuration of the first embodiment described above, and the structure of FIG. It was also shown that the advantage of suppressing flicker can be achieved. However, as a result of examining the configuration of (Embodiment 1), it became clear that horizontal stripes were slightly generated. The horizontal streak means that when an image having a uniform gradation is displayed on the entire screen, a light and dark pattern is generated every other line and appears as a horizontal stripe pattern. We analyzed the horizontal stripes in detail and obtained new knowledge on the mechanism of their development. Hereinafter, this will be described.

(Mechanism of Horizontal Streak 1—Previous Stage Scan Electrode Potential and Common Potential Fluctuation) The horizontal streak generating mechanism is firstly caused by a change in the previous stage scan electrode potential or common potential, and secondly by the recharge line spacing. It turned out that there were two things due to the difference. First, the first one will be described.

Until now, the equivalent circuit of one pixel has been represented as shown in FIG. 3 in the circuit configuration of FIG. 6, but this is a simplified equivalent circuit model for showing the minimum operation principle. Actually, each part has a stray capacitance, which is represented by a slightly more complicated equivalent circuit. FIG. 13 shows this.
13, in addition to FIG. 3, the capacitance Csf between the video signal electrode and the common electrode and the capacitance C between the video signal electrode and the scanning electrode
gs (Cgs between the previous scanning electrode and the video signal electrode is also illustrated).

Now, in the circuit configuration of FIG. 6, the scanning signal voltage waveform and the video signal voltage waveform (Vsig (+)) of FIG.
> Vsig (-)) to the power supply end of the scanning electrode (portion connected to the scanning signal drive circuit in FIG. 2) and the power supply end of the video signal electrode (portion connected to the video signal drive circuit in FIG. 2). FIG. 14 shows the potential waveforms of the scanning electrodes G0, G1, G2 and the common electrode inside the display element when the voltage is applied to ()). Since the scanning electrode is long in the horizontal direction and has its own resistance, the potential applied from the power supply end does not propagate directly to the inside of the display element, but receives the crosstalk from the video signal electrode via Cgs and the potential is increased. fluctuate. Further, since the common electrode also has a resistance, even if the potential of the common electrode is fixed at the end of the display element, the potential also fluctuates due to crosstalk from the video signal electrode via Csf. I do. The potential of each of the scanning electrodes and the common electrode increases instantaneously at the moment when the video signal increases stepwise, and then gradually returns to the equilibrium potential. On the other hand, at the moment when the video signal decreases stepwise, the potential decreases momentarily and thereafter gradually returns to the equilibrium potential.

Now, in the odd-numbered frame of FIG. 14, the moment when the selection is completed at the scanning electrode G1 (the moment represented by tA) and the moment when the selection is terminated at the scanning electrode G2 (the moment represented by tB) are compared. I do. At time tA, the potential of the scanning electrode G0, which is the preceding stage with respect to the scanning electrode G1, is slightly higher than the potential Vge (−) at the time of equilibrium. The same applies to the potential of the common electrode, which is slightly higher than the equilibrium potential Vf. On the other hand, at time tB, both the scan electrode G1 and the common electrode, which are preceding the scan electrode G2, have substantially equilibrium potentials.
Therefore, at time tA, the potential of scan electrode G0 is set to Vge.
(−) + ΔVg (+), and the potential of the common electrode is Vf + δVf
(Δ) (δVg (+), δVf (+)
+ In parentheses indicates that the video signal has a positive polarity. When Vsig (+)> Vsig (-), δ
Vg (+) and δVf (+) are both positive values).

Next, in the even-numbered frame, similarly, the moment when the selection is completed at the scanning electrode G1 (the moment represented by tC in FIG. 14) and the moment when the selection is terminated at the scanning electrode G2 (the moment represented by tD). ). in this case,
At time tC, the potential Vg at the time of equilibrium of both the scan electrode G0 and the common electrode, which is a stage preceding the scan electrode G1, is set.
e (+) and slightly smaller than Vf. At time tD, the potential Vge almost at the time of equilibrium
(+) And returns to Vf. Therefore, at time t
At C, the potential of the scanning electrode G0 is Vge (+) + δVg
(−), The potential of the common electrode is expressed as Vf + δVf (−) (− in parentheses of δVg (−) and δVf (−) indicates that the video signal has a positive polarity.
When ig (+)> Vsig (−), δVg (−), δ
Vf (-) is a negative value).

In consideration of the above, for the pixels belonging to the scan electrode G1 (hereinafter, referred to as the pixels in the first row), the equation of the charge conservation law shown in (Equation 8) above for each of the even and odd frames. Is obtained as shown in (Equation 12).

[0087]

(Equation 12)

However, the pixel electrode holding potential of this pixel is set to Vdo (−,
1) and Vdo (+, 1) (hereinafter, similarly, the positive video signal Vsig is applied to the pixel electrode in the m-th row.
The pixel electrode holding potential after charging (+) is Vdo (+,
m), and after charging the negative polarity video signal Vsig (-), it is represented by Vdo (-, m)). (Equation 1
By transforming 2), (Equation 13) is obtained.

[0089]

(Equation 13)

Where ΔVgon, ΔVge (+), ΔV
Ge (−), αgd and αst are represented by (Equation 10) and (Equation 11), and αlc is represented by (Equation 14).

[0091]

[Equation 14]

A pixel belonging to one scanning electrode G2 (hereinafter referred to as a pixel)
(Referred to as a pixel in the second row) at time tB and tD, both the pre-stage scanning electrode G1 and the common electrode have returned to almost equilibrium potentials.
The equation corresponding to (Equation 9) is as shown in (Equation 15).

[0093]

(Equation 15)

Next, consider the third row (row belonging to G3) and the fourth row (row belonging to G4). Referring to FIG. 1, the waveforms of the scan electrodes G3 and G4 in the odd frame are
The waveforms of the scanning electrodes G1 and G2 in the even-numbered frames are exactly the same, and the video signal potential waveform at that time is also exactly the same, including the relative timing with respect to the scanning electrodes. Furthermore, the waveform in the odd-numbered frame of G2 preceding G3 and the waveform of the even-numbered frame G0 preceding G1 are exactly the same. Further, the waveforms of the scan electrodes G3 and G4 in the even-numbered frame are exactly the same as the waveforms of the scan electrodes G1 and G2 in the odd-numbered frame, and the video signal potential waveform and the previous stage scan electrode potential waveform are also exactly the same. Therefore, in the third row and the fourth row, the same potential waveform as that of the first row and the second row in any of the scan electrode potential, the pixel electrode potential, and the common electrode potential is shifted by one frame. It's just that.
That is, the pixel electrode holding potentials Vdo (3, +) and Vdo (3, −) in each of the even and odd frames in the third and fourth rows.
And Vdo (4, +) and Vdo (4,-) are Vdo (1, +), Vdo (1,-) and Vdo (4), respectively.
(2, +), equal to Vdo (2, −).

Now, when the pixel electrode potential in the positive polarity is Vd
Assuming that o (+) and that at the negative polarity are Vdo (−), the effective value of the voltage applied to the liquid crystal is [Vdo
(+)-Vdo (-)] / 2. Therefore, the first
Liquid crystal applied voltage effective value Veff for pixels in rows 4 to 4
(1), Veff (2), and Veff (3), Ve
When ff (4) is calculated, Equation 16 is obtained.

[0096]

(Equation 16)

Here, Vgep is represented by (Equation 17).

[0098]

[Equation 17]

The third and fourth rows are the first and fourth rows, respectively.
Since the row and the second row are shifted by only one frame, the effective value is naturally equal to the first row and the second row in (Equation 16), respectively.

Now, in (Equation 16), Veff
(1) [= Veff (3)] and Veff (2) [= Ve
ff (4)], δVg (+)> 0, δVg
Since (−) <0, δVf (+)> 0, and δVf (−) <0, it can be seen that there is a relationship of (Equation 18).

[0101]

(Equation 18)

In other words, the effective value of the liquid crystal applied voltage in the pixels in the first row (and the third row) is
Row).

It can be considered that the display element is a unit in which a number of unit blocks consisting of the first to fourth rows are arranged in the vertical direction. Therefore, the magnitude of the liquid crystal applied voltage effective value is repeated every other row, and a liquid crystal transmittance, that is, a bright and dark stripe pattern (horizontal stripes) of luminance appears.

In the above, Vsig (+)> V
The description has been given on the assumption that the signal is sig (-). On the other hand, when Vsig (+) <Vsig (-), the directions of the potential fluctuations of the preceding scanning electrode and the common electrode in FIG. 14 are reversed, and δVg (+) and δVf (+) become negative, and δV
g (−) and δVf (−) become positive.
On the contrary, Veff (1)> Veff (2). However, there is still a difference between the two values, and a horizontal streak occurs.

When the waveform timing is represented in FIG. 7 as in (Prior Art), a unit block corresponds to two rows (a row belonging to G3 and a row belonging to G1 are completely equivalent, The rows belonging to G4 and the rows belonging to G2 are completely equivalent). In addition, the potential change in the even-numbered row is nothing but a shift in the odd-numbered row by one frame. Therefore, the effective value of the liquid crystal applied voltage is the same in all rows, and no horizontal streak occurs.

(Horizontal Streak Generation Mechanism 2—Recharge Line Difference) Next, the second mechanism, the recharge line difference, will be described. Before that, the phenomenon of recharge will be described first.

Now, as an example, after the scanning electrode G2 is selected in the odd-numbered frame in FIG. 1, the potential is changed from Vgon to V.
Attention is paid when shifting to ge (+). In the display element, in the vicinity of the portion (feeding end) connected to the scanning signal drive circuit (the point indicated by a in FIG. 2; hereinafter, referred to as "the portion of the scanning electrode near the scanning signal drive circuit feeding end"). This voltage change occurs quickly, but at a portion farther from the power supply end inside the display element (the point indicated by b in FIG. 2; hereinafter, referred to as a "part farther from the power supply end of the scanning electrode drive circuit"). The waveform is distorted due to the CR time constant of the scanning electrode itself, and the transition of the potential becomes gentle. The state of the scanning electrode potential waveform at a portion near and far from the power supply end is as shown by Vg in FIG. The pixel electrode potential Vd is substantially equal to the video signal voltage Vsig (+) when charging is completed, but fluctuates with a change in Vg due to capacitive coupling by Cgd in the equivalent circuit of FIG. 3 or FIG. . Vg from Vgon to Vge
When Vd changes to (+), the change in Vd due to capacitive coupling is ΔVa in (Equation 19) regardless of the distance from the power supply end.
It is represented by

[0108]

[Equation 19]

However, the TFT is not turned off immediately when the scanning electrode potential falls, but is turned off for the first time when it passes a switching threshold (a potential higher by a threshold voltage than the video signal electrode potential). (However, TF
T is the time when the potential of the video signal electrode in FIG.
It is supposed to be turned off before shifting toward the value Vsig (-) in the H period). Therefore, during a finite time from the start of the fall of the scanning electrode potential to the passage of the switching threshold, a current flows through the TFT in an attempt to compensate for the potential difference between the video signal electrode and the pixel electrode (between the source and drain of the TFT) caused by the penetration. I will. Therefore, the absolute value of the actual change of the pixel electrode potential is | ΔVa |
Smaller. If the voltage difference caused by the current flowing through the TFT is represented by ΔVb, the change in the pixel electrode potential is ΔVa + ΔVb. FIG. 15 shows how the pixel electrode potential Vd changes at this time. As the distance from the power supply end of the scanning signal drive circuit increases, the waveform of Vg becomes gentler,
ΔVb generally increases as the distance from the feeding end increases. The current flowing through the TFT at this time is called a recharge current, and the voltage difference ΔVb generated by this is called a recharge voltage.

In consideration of recharging, it is necessary to add the amount of charge (time-integrated recharge current) that has flowed into the pixel electrode as a result of the recharging on the left side in the charge conservation formula of (Equation 8). Assuming that this charge amount is Qb, a correction term Qb / Ctot appears on the right side of the equation (Equation 9) of the pixel electrode holding potential.
This is nothing but the recharge voltage ΔVb described above.

Based on the above, the cause of the occurrence of horizontal streaks will be considered in more detail.

When attention is paid to the odd-numbered frames in FIG. 1, the video signal when the scanning electrode G1 or G2 is selected is V
Although sig (+), after the selection is completed, the potential of G1 changes toward Vge (−), while the potential of G2 changes toward Vge (+). For G3 and G4, the video signal when both are selected is Vsig
(−), The potential after the selection is completed is V
Ge (+) and Vge (-). Therefore, focusing on the falling portion from Vgon for each scanning electrode, the scanning electrode potential waveform is drawn in an overlapping manner as shown in FIG.
become that way. The waveform itself differs between when changing toward Vge (+) and when changing toward Vge (-). Also, the switching threshold is Vsig
Considering the difference between the case where the battery is charged to (+) and the case where the battery is charged to Vsig (−) (Vt in the figure represents the threshold voltage of the TFT), the diagram shows the recharge current generation period in each row. become that way. Since all four recharge occurrence periods are different, the recharge voltages ΔVb are all different. Now, the recharge voltages in the first to fourth rows are represented by ΔVb (+, 1), ΔVb (+, 2), ΔVb (−,
3) and ΔVb (−, 4), as can be seen from the figure, it can be seen that there is a magnitude relationship as shown in (Equation 20).

[0113]

(Equation 20)

Similar considerations apply to even-numbered frames.
The recharge voltages in rows 4 to 4 are represented by ΔVb (−,
1), ΔVb (−, 2), ΔVb (+, 3), and Δ
Assuming that Vb (+, 4), there is a relationship of (Equation 21).

[0115]

(Equation 21)

This is because the third row and the fourth row are the first row, respectively.
This is due to the fact that the even and odd frames in the row and the second row are interchanged. Using the above ΔVb, the pixel electrode holding potentials Vdo (−, 1), Vdo (+,
1) and Vdo (-, 2), Vdo (+, 2)
Assuming that a recharge voltage term is added to the right side of (Equation 4),
It can be expressed as (Equation 22).

[0117]

(Equation 22)

Thus, the liquid crystal applied voltage effective values Veff (1), Veff (2), and Veff in each row are obtained.
(3) When Veff (4) is obtained, it becomes as shown in (Equation 23).

[0119]

(Equation 23)

Here, Vgep is the same as given by (Equation 17). From (Equation 23), Veff (1) to Veff
Comparing the magnitude of eff (4), according to (Equation 20),
It can be seen that there is a relational expression of (Equation 24).

[0121]

(Equation 24)

That is, it can be seen that the effective value of the liquid crystal applied voltage in the pixels in the first and third rows is smaller than that in the second and fourth rows.

The display element has a number of unit blocks consisting of the first to fourth rows arranged in the vertical direction. Therefore, the magnitude of the liquid crystal applied voltage effective value is repeated every other row, and a liquid crystal transmittance, that is, a bright and dark stripe pattern (horizontal stripes) of luminance appears.

When the waveform timing is represented in FIG. 7 as in (Prior Art), a unit block corresponds to two rows (a row belonging to G3 and a row belonging to G1 are completely equivalent, The rows belonging to G4 and the rows belonging to G2 are completely equivalent). In addition, the potential change in the even-numbered row is nothing but a shift in the odd-numbered row by one frame. Therefore, even if the recharge voltage is taken into consideration, the effective value of the liquid crystal applied voltage is the same for all rows, and no horizontal streak occurs.

(Summary of Considerations on Horizontal Streak) As described above, both horizontal streak generation mechanisms due to fluctuations in the pre-stage scanning electrode potential and common potential and differences due to the line spacing of recharging are considered. ) Or (Equation 24), the first row (or third row)
The effective value of the voltage applied to the liquid crystal differs between the second row (or the fourth row) and the second row (or the fourth row), indicating that a horizontal streak occurs. The pixel electrode holding potential when considering the above two mechanisms at the same time is based on (Equation 9).
What is necessary is just to add both the correction terms appearing in (Equation 13), (Equation 15), and (Equation 22). When the pixel electrode holding potential in each row is written down, including the meaning of organizing the analysis so far, the equation (Formula 25) is obtained.

[0126]

(Equation 25)

Here, ΔVcc (+) and ΔVcc
(-) Corresponds to the total coupling voltage and is represented by (Equation 26).

[0128]

(Equation 26)

The effective value of the liquid crystal applied voltage is expressed by (Equation 27).

[0130]

[Equation 27]

(Embodiment 2) On the basis of the above analysis, we will consider the horizontal stripes in the case of the panel in which the influence of the line difference of recharging is dominant among the two horizontal stripe generation mechanisms. We found a method to suppress the occurrence of blemishes. FIG. 17 shows the array configuration, and FIG. 18 shows the video signal and scanning signal waveforms. FIG. 17 shows the configuration of FIG. 6 of Embodiment 1 in which each pixel is inverted upside down. That is, for example, a TFT whose conduction is controlled by the scanning electrode G2
And rows with pixel electrodes (rows indicated by A in FIG. 17)
, The scan electrode to which the pixel electrode of that row is connected via the storage capacitor is G3, but such a scan electrode is on the lower side when viewed from the reference row A, that is, each row is temporally The feature is that it is consistent with the direction that is sequentially selected.

Referring to FIG. When scanning is performed from top to bottom in FIG. 17, as in (Embodiment 1),
The scanning electrodes are selected in the order of G0, G1, G2, G3,... (That is, each row is sequentially selected in time according to the spatial arrangement order of the rows). Further, when a scan electrode of a certain row is selected, the potential of another scan electrode connected to a pixel belonging to the certain row via a storage capacitor becomes a compensation potential as in the first embodiment. It is. In this case, for example, when G1 is selected, G2 becomes the compensation potential, and when G2 is selected, G3 becomes the compensation potential. The polarity of the storage capacitor coupling voltage with respect to the average value is inverted every two rows, and the polarity is also inverted in the even-odd frame. The polarity of the video signal is also inverted every two rows corresponding to the storage capacitance coupling voltage. The only difference is that in the first embodiment, the compensation period is provided after the selection period (period of Vgon) in each scanning signal waveform, but in the present embodiment, the compensation period comes before the selection period. That is, from the viewpoint of the scanning signal driving circuit, a potential level for selecting a scanning electrode in a certain row, that is, a potential level for applying a storage capacitor coupling voltage immediately before outputting Vgon, that is, a compensation potential is output. ). In this way, the voltage becomes Vgoff in any row after the selection period. Then, there is no difference between the two scanning signal waveforms in FIG. 16 described above with respect to the difference between the rows for recharging, and the same waveform is represented in any row. This is shown in FIG. In any of the odd and even frames, the recharge voltage becomes equal between the first row and the second row or between the third row and the fourth row, and
It becomes like 8).

[0133]

[Equation 28]

Then, in equation (27) of the effective value of the liquid crystal applied voltage, the term [Δ
Vb (+, 1) −ΔVb (−, 1)] and [ΔVb
(+, 2) −ΔVb (−, 2)] has the same value, and at least a horizontal streak due to recharging does not appear.
In other words, only horizontal streaks due to fluctuations in the subsequent scanning electrode potential and the common potential are provided, which is a great improvement as compared with the first embodiment.

(Embodiment 3) Another embodiment which can similarly remove a horizontal streak caused by a recharge voltage will be described. This uses the array configuration of FIG. 6 similarly to (Embodiment 1), and uses driving waveforms shown in FIG.
0 is used. In FIG. 6, when viewed from a certain row (unlike FIG. 17 of (Embodiment 2)), the direction of the row to which the scan electrode to which the pixel electrode of that row is connected via the storage capacitor belongs is This is opposite to the direction in which each row is sequentially selected in time.

The scan electrode waveform of FIG. 20 is almost the same as that of FIG. However, what is characteristic is that, when the selection of a row is completed and the voltage shifts to the compensation potential Vge (+), the voltage does not directly shift to Vge (+) but drops to Vge (-) and then Vg (-).
e (+) (from the point of view of the scanning signal driving circuit, the potential level for selecting the scanning electrode of a certain row, that is, a constant level potential immediately after outputting Vgon (Vge (−) in this case) ), And then output a potential level for providing a storage capacitor coupling voltage, that is, a compensation potential). In this case, the voltage value becomes the same (Ve (-)) immediately after the selection period regardless of the row. Therefore, the recharge voltage becomes equal in the first row and the second row or in the third row and the fourth row in any of the even and odd frames for the same reason as described in the second embodiment. 28)
The following relationship is obtained. At this time, the state of the recharge voltage in each row is the same as that shown in FIG. 19 except that the level of Voff is replaced with Vge (−).

Note that the voltage level to be shifted immediately after the selection is completed does not necessarily have to be Vge (-), but Vof (-).
f, Vge (+),
Other fixed potentials may be used. However, this potential is desirably at a level as low as possible in that the magnitude of the recharge voltage itself is small (the reason why the magnitude of the recharge voltage is preferably small will be described later). It is desirable to make it at least smaller than Vgoff.

(Embodiment 4) By the way, (Embodiment 2)
In and (Embodiment 3), the horizontal streaks caused by the recharging can be eliminated, but the horizontal streaks due to the fluctuations in the previous (or subsequent) scan electrode potential and the common potential still remain. Therefore, the coupling voltage devised as a means for suppressing this is set to 1
A method of changing each line will be described.

Now, in (Equation 25), ΔVcc (+)
And ΔVcc (−) are distinguished between even-numbered rows and odd-numbered rows (the specific method will be described later).
c (+, 1), ΔVcc (+, 2) and ΔVcc
(−, 1) and ΔVcc (−, 2). Then, it is expressed as (Equation 29).

[0140]

(Equation 29)

Here, ΔVcc (+, 3) = ΔVcc
(+, 1), ΔVcc (+, 4) = ΔVcc (+,
2), ΔVcc (−, 3) = ΔVcc (−, 1), ΔV
It is assumed that cc (−, 4) = ΔVcc (−, 2), and the equivalence between the first row and the third row and the equivalence between the second row and the fourth row are maintained. Also, by adopting (Embodiment 2) or (Embodiment 3), it is assumed that there is no difference between the rows of the recharge voltage as in (Equation 28), and the row number of ΔVb is omitted. For (Equation 29), Veff (1)
[= Veff (3)] and Veff (2) [= Veff (
(4)] is calculated as (Equation 30).

[0142]

[Equation 30]

That is, the condition for eliminating the horizontal streak is represented by (Equation 31).

[0144]

(Equation 31)

Here, the quantity appearing on the right side of (Equation 31) is referred to as a coupling voltage correction factor. It should be noted here that the value on the right side of (Equation 31) changes depending on the video signal voltage. Actually, the right side of (Equation 31) is a positive value when Vsig (+)> Vsig (-),
If Vsig (+) <Vsig (-), the value is a negative value (see the above-mentioned (consideration regarding horizontal streak)). Therefore, ΔV
cc (+, 1) −ΔVcc (−, 1) −ΔVcc (+,
2) Even if + ΔVcc (−, 2) is set to a certain appropriate value, the horizontal streak disappears only at a specific gray level.

Now, the same effective voltage difference ΔV = | Veff
(2) When there is -Veff (1) |, consider what gray level the horizontal streak is easy to see. Fig. 2 shows an example of a normally white liquid crystal.
It is expressed by a voltage-transmittance characteristic as shown in FIG. 1 (a), and the brightness ratio (contrast) of the light and dark of the stripe when there is a difference of ΔV between the gradation region close to white and the gradation region close to black is respectively It is represented by Tw / Tw 'and Tb / Tb' using the symbols in the figure. It is considered that the visibility of the horizontal stripe is determined by the brightness ratio between light and dark, but as can be seen from the figure, Tw / Tw '
Since <Tb / Tb ′, horizontal streaks are easier to see at gradations close to black. The same applies to the case of the normally black type, and it can be seen from FIG. 21B that horizontal streaks are easily seen at a tone close to black.

According to the above description, it is possible to expect a significant reduction in the horizontal streak by satisfying (Equation 31) with a tone close to black in both normally white and normally black. The gradation close to black corresponds to Vsig (+)> Vsig (−) in the case of normally white (see FIG. 8A), and conversely in the case of normally black
This corresponds to sig (+) <Vsig (-). Therefore, by satisfying the case of normally white (Equation 32) and the case of normally black (Equation 33), the horizontal streak can be significantly reduced.

[0148]

(Equation 32)

[0149]

[Equation 33]

Here, ΔVcc (+, m) and ΔVc
A specific method of changing c (-, m) (m = 1 or 2) for each row will be described. According to (Equation 26), ΔV
cc (+) and ΔVcc (−) are αst, αgd,
ΔVge (+) [= Vge (+) − Vgoff], ΔV
ge (−) [= Vge (−) − Vgoff], and Δ
It is represented by Vgon [= Vgon-Vgoff]. Therefore, any of these (of course, two or more) may be changed for each row. If each value of (Equation 26) is described in detail with distinction for each line, it becomes as (Equation 34). Therefore, as a condition for eliminating the horizontal streak, (Equation 34)
By substituting into (Formula 32) and (Formula 33),
For the normally white case (Equation 35), the normally black case (Equation 36) is obtained.

[0151]

(Equation 34)

[0152]

(Equation 35)

[0153]

[Equation 36]

In FIGS. 18 and 20, the storage capacitance coupling voltage for the pixels in the first row (or third row) is the second.
From line (or line 4) to line 2 (or line 4)
Is given from the first row (or the third row), so that in equation (34), ΔVg
Note that only e is the opposite of 1 and 2.

In order to realize (Equation 35) or (Equation 36), the compensation potential may be changed between the even-numbered row and the odd-numbered row, or αst (1) and αst ( (2) may be different values. Of course, both may be changed. It is effective to set αst (1) and αst (2) to different values by changing Cst in an even-odd row.

(Embodiment 5) After adopting (Embodiment 2) and (Embodiment 3), the pre-stage (or post-stage)
Another method for suppressing a horizontal stripe due to a change in the scanning electrode potential or the common potential will be described.

In the fourth embodiment, (Equation 31) was derived as a condition for eliminating the horizontal streak, but this could only be realized for a specific gradation level. Therefore, the value (coupling voltage correction factor) on the right side of (Equation 31) is directly or indirectly monitored so that (Equation 31) is satisfied for virtually any gradation level. This is to correct the total coupling voltage appearing on the left side of (Equation 31).

FIG. 22 is a diagram showing an example of a configuration for realizing this. In the basic configuration shown in FIG. 2, a potential monitor 110 for monitoring the potential of either the common electrode 109 or the scanning electrode 104 is provided, and the scanning signal is corrected according to the result. The voltage to be monitored may be the moment at which the selection of FIG. 14 is completed, that is, the time tA, tB, or tC, tD, or may be earlier than that within the 1H period (the latter has a larger potential fluctuation range, It is possible to monitor with a high S / N ratio, in which case the value of the coupling voltage correction factor can be known by multiplying by an appropriate conversion factor). Since both the scan electrode potential fluctuation and the common electrode potential fluctuation are ultimately induced by the video signal, it is sufficient to monitor at least one of them (of course, both may be monitored). According to the monitored result (Equation 31)
If the value of the compensation potential is corrected so as to match the above, the object can be achieved.

As a modification of the present configuration, instead of monitoring the potential fluctuation of the common electrode and the scanning electrode, a method of predicting the amount of potential fluctuation by performing an operation from the input video signal itself and feeding back the amount is performed. There is also. There is also a method of applying feedback to the video signal itself instead of applying feedback to the compensation potential.

Another problem caused by potential fluctuations of the preceding (or subsequent) scanning electrode and the common electrode is horizontal crosstalk (for horizontal crosstalk, see, for example, S. Tomita et al., Journal of JIS).・ Page 211 to 21 of Dee 1/2 (1993)
Page 8 (S. Tomita et. Al .: Journal)
al of the SID, 1/2 (1993)
pp 211-218)). It should be noted that this configuration can also suppress this horizontal crosstalk.

(Analysis of Swinging Horizontal Streak) By adopting each of the above methods, the horizontal streaking can be improved. However, it has been found that new problems arise. This is called a swinging horizontal streak. When the observer moves his / her gaze (neck) in the scanning direction (vertical direction) even if the observer does not see the horizontal streak in a state where his / her gaze is fixed, the horizontal streak can be seen. (Hereinafter, the horizontal streak described so far may be referred to as a fixed horizontal streak to clarify the distinction). We analyzed the mechanism of the occurrence of the horizontal streak.

This will be described with reference to FIG. This shows a change of the pixel electrode holding potential of each row in each frame in each of the above embodiments. The vertical axis corresponds to the row number, and the horizontal axis represents time (frame number). In the above embodiment, the pixel electrode holding potential Vdo is used.
(+, 1), Vdo (-, 1), and Vdo (+,
(2), (+, 1), (-, 1), and (+, 2), (-, 2) at places where Vdo (-, 2) is applied, respectively.
2) is attached. Lines 3 and 4 also
Since the first and second rows are shifted only by one frame, (+, 1), (−, 1), and (+, 2),
It is indicated by the symbol (-, 2).

Now, when the observer moves his / her gaze at a certain speed in the vertical direction, consider what kind of pattern the observer observes in time series. First, when the moving speed is 0 lines / frame, that is, when the line of sight is stationary, the pattern is observed as indicated by the arrow in the figure. That is, (+, 1) and (−, 1) are alternately observed in row numbers 1, 3, 5,.
In (4, 6,...), (+, 2) and (−, 2) are observed alternately. Therefore, the former observes the average luminance of (+, 1) and (−, 1), and the latter observes the average luminance of (+, 2) and (−, 2). These are nothing but luminances for Veff (1) and Veff (2) described in the horizontal stripe.

Next, consider the case where the line-of-sight moving speed is one line / frame (the case where the line of sight is moved downward is positive). For example, the frame No. When starting from line number 1 in (1), (+, 1), (-, 2), (-, 1),
Observe in the order of (+, 2), ... Also, the frame No.
If you start from line number 2 with 1, (+, 2)
(+, 1), (−, 2), (−, 1),. From the same point of view, it can be understood that four patterns always appear periodically regardless of the starting point. That is, in this case, no matter which part of the display area is viewed (+,
1), (+, 2), (−, 1), and (−, 2) mean brightness is observed, and no stripe pattern is observed.

Next, consider the case where the line-of-sight moving speed is 2 lines / frame. In this case, a pattern along the arrow is observed. Therefore, the frame No. When (1) starts at line number 1, (+, 1) is always observed. Similarly, (+, 2), (−, 1), and (−, 2) are always observed when starting from row numbers 2, 3, and 4, respectively. That is, observers are (+, 1), (+, 2),
The periodic fixed patterns arranged in the order of (−, 1), (−, 2),... Are observed. This results in a stripe pattern (horizontal streak) with a pitch of 4 rows.

Further, consider a case where the line-of-sight moving speed is 3 lines / frame. In this case, as in the case of one line / frame, it can be seen that four patterns always appear periodically regardless of the starting point. That is, in this case as well, when viewing any part of the display area, (+, 1), (+, 2), (-,
The average luminance of 1) and (−, 2) is observed, and no stripe pattern is observed.

Further, when the line-of-sight moving speed is 4 rows / frame or more, or when the line-of-sight moving speed is negative (this corresponds to moving the line of sight upward), each column has a periodicity of 4 lines pitch. Corresponds to any of the above four patterns (0, 1, 2, 3 rows / frame). Specifically, a pattern that can be seen at a line-of-sight moving speed of m rows / frame is obtained by dividing the remainder when m is divided by 4 by n (= m−
4 [m / 4]; [x] represents the maximum integer not exceeding x), which is exactly the same as the case of n rows / frame.

From the above, it can be seen that even if there is no horizontal streak at the time of stationary observation, a horizontal streak may occur when the line of sight is moved at 2 lines / frame. This is the swing horizontal line.

The conditions under which the horizontal streak occurs will be discussed in more detail. As can be seen from the above examination, the pattern that appears fixed by the line-of-sight movement of 2 lines / frame is (+,
1), (+, 2), (−, 1), (−, 2),. This means that a periodic luminance pattern can be seen in the vertical direction as shown in FIG. Here, the luminance for each pattern is T (+, 1), T (+, 2), T (−, 1), T (−,
2).

Next, what kind of spatial frequency components are included in the periodic pattern shown in FIG. Now, one cycle of the pattern of FIG. 24A is expressed as (Formula 37).

[0171]

(37)

However, x is used as the coordinate in the vertical direction, and 1
The line pitch is L. Here, T (x) is
Using 4L as a basic period, the data is expanded into a Fourier series as shown in (Equation 38).

[0173]

(38)

Here, a (n) and b (n) are Fourier coefficients, which correspond to components with a spatial period of 4 L / n. These are given by (Equation 39).

[0175]

[Equation 39]

(Equation 39) is specifically calculated with respect to T (x) of (Equation 37), as shown in (Equation 40).

[0177]

(Equation 40)

However, A, B, C, and D are (Equation 41)
Given by

[0179]

[Equation 41]

In (Equation 38), the component where n = 0 is a
(0) / 2 = D / 4, which is a component having an infinite spatial period and is nothing but the average luminance of the whole. Also, n =
The component of 1 corresponds to a spatial period of 4L (4 line pitch),
This is characterized by two quantities, A and B according to (Equation 40) and (Equation 41). The component of n = 2 corresponds to a spatial period of 2L (two line pitches) and is characterized by an amount of C. Since n ≧ 3 components are characterized by any of A, B, and C, they can be considered as harmonic components with respect to the fundamental components of n = 1 and 2.

Next, let us consider expressing each value of the transmittance of (Expression 41) in relation to the pixel electrode potential. Now, it is assumed that the relationship between the liquid crystal applied voltage (= pixel electrode holding potential−common electrode potential) and the luminance (transmittance) is represented by a curve as shown in FIG. Examples are shown). Then, it is assumed that this curve is linearly approximated in the vicinity of the actual liquid crystal applied voltage (considering both positive and negative polarities) and is represented by a straight line in the figure. This straight line is expressed as in (Expression 42), where To and K are certain constants.

[0182]

(Equation 42)

Here, Vdo is the pixel electrode holding potential, and Vf is the common electrode potential. The compound sign is + when the voltage applied to the liquid crystal is positive and − when the voltage is negative. FIG.
In the case of the normally white type as shown in (b), K <0. In the case of normally black type, it is expressed in the same form,
K> 0. Vdo (±,
m) (m = 1, 2), when (Equation 42) is applied,
(Equation 43).

[0184]

[Equation 43]

By substituting this into (Equation 41), (Equation 44)
Get.

[0186]

[Equation 44]

By the way, in (Equation 30), the difference between the even and odd lines of the effective value of the liquid crystal applied voltage was previously calculated as an amount representing the degree of the fixed horizontal streak. The part has exactly the same shape as the [] part in C of (Equation 44). That is, C is also an amount characterizing the fixed horizontal streak. Alternatively, it can be said that the component of the two-line pitch and the fixed horizontal streak in the swing horizontal streak merely appear in different forms. In that sense, it can be said that two characteristic amounts, A and B, corresponding to the four-line pitch component, appear only in the horizontal swing line.

Now, when only the four line pitch components (n = 1) are extracted from the Fourier series of (Equation 38), (Equation 45)
It can also be expressed as

[0189]

[Equation 45]

Here, φ is a certain phase constant. Thus, it is understood that the amplitude of the four-line pitch component corresponding to the swing horizontal line is represented by (A ² + B ² ) ^1/2 . That is, the condition for eliminating the horizontal swing line is (A ² + B ² )
It can be said that ^1/2 = 0, that is, A = 0 and B = 0.

(Embodiment 6-a) Here, what happens when the above discussion is actually applied in (Embodiment 1) is considered. By substituting the value of Vdo (Equation 25) obtained for the drive waveform of FIG. 1 into A and B of (Equation 44), (Equation 46) is obtained.

[0192]

[Equation 46]

Here, assuming that the potential fluctuation of the preceding (or subsequent) scanning electrode and the common electrode is proportional to the signal change amount, δVg (+), δVg (−), and δVf (+)
And δVf (−) may be regarded as having opposite signs and substantially equal absolute values. Then, in (Equation 46), these terms are offset by the difference, and (Equation 47) is obtained.

[0194]

[Equation 47]

However, the term attributable to recharging remains in A, and A ≠ 0. That is, in (Embodiment 1), a swing horizontal streak occurs.

(Embodiment 6-b) Next, the cases of (Embodiment 2) and (Embodiment 3), that is, FIG.
Alternatively, consider the case of the drive waveform of FIG. In this case, since the relational expression (Equation 28) relating to the recharge voltage is established, by substituting these relational expressions into (Equation 47), (Equation 48) is obtained.

[0197]

[Equation 48]

As a result, A = 0 is obtained, and the horizontal swing line is improved at least as compared with (Embodiment 6-a). As for B, the common electrode potential Vf
Since there is a degree of freedom in adjustment, it is possible to locally adjust B = 0. Therefore, it is also possible to eliminate the swinging horizontal streak locally but completely.

Here, “locally” is described, which means that the recharge voltage may have a distribution in the display area, whereas Vf is the potential of the common electrode covering the entire display area and is This is because the value cannot be individually adjusted in each part. In fact, as described earlier with reference to FIG. 15, the recharge voltage increases as the distance from the power supply end of the scanning signal drive circuit increases. Therefore, 1 in the display area for B in (Equation 48)
Even if Vf is adjusted so that B = 0 at a point, it is not always possible to set B = 0 at other points.

Therefore, in order to eliminate the horizontal streak on the entire surface, it is necessary to calculate ΔVsig (+) + Vsig
(−)｝ / 2+ {ΔVcc (+) + ΔVcc (−)} /
{Vsig (+) + Vsig (-)} / so that 2+ {ΔVb (+) + ΔVb (−)} / 2 is uniform in the plane.
2, or {ΔVcc (+) + ΔVcc (−)} / 2
(Or both of them) may be corrected. Then, by adjusting Vf, B = 0 in almost all areas.
Can be Now, in particular, ｛ΔVcc (+) + Δ
Considering correction of Vcc (-)｝ / 2, Δ ｛in a portion of the scan electrode far from the scanning signal drive circuit feed end is considered.
The value of Vcc (+) + ΔVcc (−)｝ / 2 only needs to be smaller than the value of the scan electrode at a portion near the scanning signal drive circuit feeding end. Note that this value is (Equation 2)
It can be expressed as (Equation 49) using 6).

[0201]

[Equation 49]

Therefore, in the display area, αst or αg
The objective can be achieved by giving a distribution to d. Note that it is more preferable to correct with αgd than to correct with αst. This is because, even if αgd is corrected, the difference between ΔVcc (+) and ΔVcc (−) in (Equation 26) is unchanged, and therefore, the effective value of the liquid crystal applied voltage given by (Equation 27) is αg
This is because the influence of the d correction is not exerted. If αst is corrected, the effective value of the voltage applied to the liquid crystal, and thus the luminance, will be distributed accordingly, which is not very desirable. When the correction is performed using αgd, ΔVgon is generally a positive value. Therefore, the value of αgd in a portion of the scan electrode far from the power supply end of the scan signal driving circuit is calculated by changing the value of αgd in a portion close to the power supply end of the scan electrode in the scan electrode. May be larger than the value in.

The equation for the effective value of the voltage applied to the liquid crystal (Equation 27)
In particular, αg
Even if d and αst are not corrected, the liquid crystal applied voltage itself may have some in-plane distribution. On the other hand, αgd and αs
Japanese Patent Application No. 2000-12268 discloses a method of correcting the in-plane distribution of the DC average level by giving the in-plane distribution to both of t and simultaneously correcting the distribution of the effective value of the liquid crystal applied voltage.
8 (this document attempts to equalize the DC average level in the plane to suppress flicker, but the DC average level is the average value of the pixel electrode holding potentials for positive and negative polarities. On the other hand, B in the present embodiment also includes a term relating to the average of the pixel electrode holding potentials, so that the flicker correction of the above-mentioned document and the in-plane distribution correction of B of the present embodiment can be seen mathematically. Will be the same). Of course, this method may be applied in the present embodiment.

In the above (Embodiment 3), it has been stated that the voltage level to be shifted immediately after the selection of the scanning electrode is completed should be as low as possible to reduce the recharge voltage. The reason for this is that, by reducing the recharge voltage, ｛ΔVb (+) + ΔV
This is because the in-plane distribution of b (−)｝ / 2 becomes small, and the swing streak can be further reduced without performing the above-described correction in particular (although it may be performed).

(Embodiment 6-c) Next, the cases of (Embodiment 4) and (Embodiment 5) will be considered.
In this case, the pixel electrode holding potential is represented by (Equation 29).
When A and B of (Equation 44) are calculated from this, (Equation 5)
0).

[0206]

[Equation 50]

It is to be noted that, again, from (Equation 46) to (Equation 47)
Similarly, it was assumed that components caused by potential fluctuations of the preceding (or subsequent) scanning electrode and the common electrode were canceled out. In addition, C is also described for convenience. First, (Equation 5
0), the condition for A = 0 is naturally (Equation 5)
It is represented by 1).

[0208]

(Equation 51)

However, even if A is not exactly strictly equal to 0, in order to at least reduce the absolute value of A and suppress the swing horizontal streak, ΔVcc (+, 1) −Δ
Vcc (+, 2) and ΔVcc (−, 1) −ΔVcc
(-, 2) may have the opposite sign. In this way, when these are added together,
Is close to zero. If this condition is expressed mathematically, (Equation 5)
It looks like 2).

[0210]

(Equation 52)

Looking at B in (Equation 50), this is the value of B in (Embodiment 6-b), that is, in B of (Equation 48), ｛ΔVcc (+) + ΔVcc
(−)｝ / 2 is ｛ΔVcc (+, 1) + ΔVcc (+,
2) + ΔVcc (−, 1) + ΔVcc (−, 2)｝ /
Just replaced by 4. Therefore, (Embodiment 6)
−b), in the discussion after (Equation 48), ｛ΔV
cc (+) + ΔVcc (−)} / 2 to ｛ΔVcc (+,
1) + ΔVcc (+, 2) + ΔVcc (−, 1) + Δ
If Vcc (-, 2)｝ / 4 is substituted, the discussion holds for the present embodiment. Note that the equation corresponding to (Equation 49) is now represented by (Equation 53).

[0212]

(Equation 53)

In the fourth embodiment, the condition (Equation 32) or (Equation 3) for suppressing the fixed horizontal streak while satisfying the condition (Equation 52) for reducing A is satisfied.
In order to satisfy the condition (3), the case of a normally white liquid crystal (Equation 54) and the case of a normally black liquid crystal (Equation 5) are used.
5) may be satisfied.

[0214]

(Equation 54)

[0215]

[Equation 55]

Here, further correction such as αgd is performed to
By reducing the in-plane distribution and adjusting Vf as soon as B = 0 almost over the entire surface, both the fixed horizontal streak and the swing horizontal streak can be suppressed.

In the configuration for monitoring the scan electrode potential and the common electrode potential as in (Embodiment 5), the coupling voltage correction factor predicted by monitoring the scan electrode potential and the common electrode potential, that is, αstδVg
(+) + ΑlcδVf (+) − αstδVg (−) − α
When the value of lcδVf (−) is δVo, (Equation 56)
If the value of the total coupling voltage is corrected to satisfy
Both 1) and (Equation 51) can be satisfied. That is, it is possible to eliminate the fixed horizontal streak and set A = 0.

[0218]

[Equation 56]

Further, the in-plane distribution of B is reduced by correcting αgd and the like, and Vf is adjusted so that B = 0 almost over the entire surface, thereby suppressing both the fixed horizontal streak and the swing horizontal streak. be able to.

(Supplementary Items Regarding Previous Descriptions) Here, (Embodiment 1) to (Embodiment 6)
Some supplementary items are described with respect to the description in c).

In the embodiments described above, the polarity is inverted every two rows. However, it is not always necessary to use every two rows, but every three or four rows. In general, N may be an integer of 2 or more and inverted every N rows. This is because even in such a case, the polarity does not coincide with the display pattern of FIG. But N
Is larger, various corrections must be performed between the N rows in order to eliminate the fixed horizontal streak and the swing horizontal streak, and the procedure becomes more complicated than in the case of every two rows. Therefore,
Most preferably every two lines.

Further, the scanning signal drive circuit selects each row temporally sequentially according to the arrangement order of the rows (in the plane). However, the temporal order of selection may be changed separately. However, it is desirable to sequentially select each row in time according to the arrangement order of the rows (in the plane), since it is not necessary to change the temporal order of the scanning signals, and a special signal processing circuit is not required. In the following (Embodiment 7), an example in which the temporal order of selection is changed will be described.

In the circuit configuration of FIG. 6, the scanning electrode of another row connected to the pixel of a certain row via the storage capacitor is one row before (one row above) that row, and In this case, it is one line later (one line below). However, this need not be the case. For example, two lines before, three lines before,... Or two lines after three lines,. It is only necessary to change the timing of the waveforms in FIG. 1, FIG. 18, or FIG. However, if the connection is made to a row that is too far away, it will straddle a number of scan electrodes, which is not desirable because unnecessary capacitance increases and crosstalk increases.

Further, the connection destination of the storage capacitor does not necessarily mean that all the pixels in the screen must be the scan electrodes one row before or one row in the same manner. For example, a certain row may be different from the previous row, a different row may be different from the previous row by three rows, or the connection destination may be different for each column as shown in FIG. 9 (two columns). Every three rows, etc.). Alternatively, it may be completely random.

(Comparison with Non-Capacitive Coupling Driving Method)
By the way, the description has been made on the assumption that the capacitive coupling driving method is used. On the other hand, the most common driving method other than the capacitive coupling driving method (for example, edited by Shoichi Matsumoto)
"Liquid Crystal Display Technology-Active Matrix LC
The following describes what happens when various methods of the present invention are applied to “D-” (the method described on pages 69 to 73 of Sangyo Tosho, 1996). The pixel equivalent circuit shown in FIG. 3 may be used. For example, as shown in FIG. 26, the connection destination of the storage capacitor may be an independent wiring indicated by Vc (n) instead of a scan electrode in another row. .

The driving waveform shown in FIG. 27 is used.
In this waveform, the polarity of the video signal is inverted every two rows, but the scanning signal waveform has no compensation period and Vgo
It is composed of only two potentials, n and Vgoff.
This is because Vge (+) = Vge (−) = V in FIG.
What is necessary is just to think that it has become goff. In the case of this driving method, a coupling voltage via the storage capacitor is not applied,
Only the self-coupling voltage will be superimposed.

In the case of the driving method shown in FIG. 27, the scanning electrode potential always shifts to Vgoff after a row is selected, so that at least a horizontal streak caused by a difference between rows in recharging does not occur. That is, it is not necessary to take measures such as (Embodiment 2) and (Embodiment 3). However, the potential fluctuation of the common electrode, the preceding (or subsequent) scanning electrode, or the Vc (n) wiring caused by the potential change of the video signal electrode also occurs in this driving method.

In this driving method, (Embodiment 4)
Consider now that the total coupling voltage (in this case, equal to the self-coupling voltage) is distinguished between even and odd rows.
In Embodiment 4 only Vge (+) = Vge
Since only (−) = Vgoff, the pixel electrode holding potential of each row is expressed in the same form as (Equation 29). This is rewritten in (Equation 57).

[0229]

[Equation 57]

As described above, it is assumed that there is no difference between the rows for recharging, and the row number of ΔVb is omitted. Further, in the case of the equivalent circuit as shown in FIG. 26, a horizontal streak is generated due to the potential fluctuation of the wiring Vc (n) instead of the preceding (or subsequent) scanning electrode. Therefore, the potential variation of the wiring Vc (n) is also expressed as δVg (+) or δVg (−) for convenience, and (Equation 57) is used as it is. In this equation, ΔVcc (+, 1), ΔVcc
(+, 2) and ΔVcc (−, 1), ΔVcc
(−, 2) is (Equation 34) and Vge (+, 1) = Vge
(−, 1) = Vgoff (1), Vge (+, 2) = V
This corresponds to the case where ge (−, 2) = Vgoff (2), and is expressed by (Equation 58).

[0231]

[Equation 58]

In the case of the driving method shown in FIG. 27, since there is no storage capacitance coupling voltage, ΔVcc (−, 1) and ΔVcc (+,
1) or ΔVcc (−, 2) and ΔVcc (+,
2) is inevitably equal. The index A of the horizontal swing line given by (Equation 57), (Equation 58) to (Equation 44),
When the index B and the horizontal line index C are obtained, the result is as shown in (Equation 59).

[0233]

[Equation 59]

Note that δVg (+), δVg (−), and δVf are obtained in the same manner as (Equation 47) is derived from (Equation 46).
(+) And δVf (-) were considered to have opposite signs and equal absolute values.

Here, (Formula 59) corresponds to the calculation formula (Formula 50) in the case of the capacitive coupling driving method. It should be noted that, in (Equation 50), by adjusting the total coupling voltage, C =
Although the horizontal streak caused by the potential fluctuation could be eliminated by satisfying the condition of (Equation 31), the total coupling voltage was included in the expression of C in (Equation 59). Therefore, it is impossible to set C = 0 (that is, it is not possible to eliminate a horizontal streak caused by a potential change). This is because there is no term of the storage capacitance coupling voltage in (Equation 58) and ΔVcc (−, 1) and ΔVcc (+,
1) or ΔVcc (−, 2) and ΔVcc (+,
2) cannot be set to an independent value.

The above can be summarized as follows. That is, in the driving method as shown in FIG. 27, since there is no freedom to set the total coupling voltage independently for the positive polarity and the negative polarity of the video signal, the potential generated when the polarity is inverted every two rows The horizontal streak caused by the fluctuation could not be eliminated. However, by adopting the capacitive coupling driving method such as the driving method shown in FIG. 18 or FIG. 20, the original effect of the capacitive coupling driving method such as lowering of the video signal voltage described in ((Prior Art)) is adopted. For the first time, the effect that the total coupling voltage can be independently set for the positive polarity and the negative polarity can be obtained, and further, the effect that the horizontal streak due to the potential fluctuation can be eliminated can be obtained.

[0237] Regarding the swing streak, Δ
Vcc (+, 1) = ΔVcc (+, 2), and ｛ΔVcc (+, 1) + ΔVc corresponding to the in-plane distribution of the recharge voltage factor {ΔVb (+) + ΔVb (−)} / 2.
c (+, 2)｝ / 2 [= ΔVcc (+, 1) = ΔVcc
If the in-plane distribution of (+, 2)] is corrected and Vf is adjusted to the optimum value, then A = B = 0. That is, the improvement can be made as far as the swing streak is concerned.

In addition to the driving method of FIG. 27, it is not surprising that a method of inverting the polarity line by line so as to make the horizontal stripes difficult to see as shown in FIG. However, when a one-row pitch vertical stripe pattern as shown in FIG. 10 (c) is displayed, it is not different from the driving method shown in FIG.
After all horizontal stripes occur.

(Embodiment 7) We have devised a method of eliminating the fixed horizontal streak and the swing horizontal streak from a completely different viewpoint. This is to operate the display element having the array configuration of FIG. 6 using the drive waveform of FIG. Hereinafter, this will be described.

When scanning is performed from top to bottom in FIG.
In the configuration up to this point, the scanning electrodes are selected in the order of G0, G1, G2, G3,...
gon). However, in the present embodiment, the scanning order is intentionally changed so that G0, G0
1, G3, G2, G4, G5, G7, G6, G8, G
9, and so on. That is,
A display element is a unit block composed of four rows (in this case, G1
To G4, G5 to G8,... Become unit blocks), the first, third, second, and fourth rows are temporally arranged in each unit block. To be selected.

In this manner, when a scanning electrode of a certain row is selected, the potential of another scanning electrode connected to a pixel belonging to the certain row via a storage capacitor is set to a compensation potential. . That is, corresponding to the configuration of FIG. 6, G0 is selected when G1 is selected, G1 is selected when G2 is selected, G2 is selected when G3 is selected, and G3 is selected when G4 is selected. , Respectively, at the compensation potential. Also, this storage capacitance coupling voltage is 2
Invert every other line. That is, taking an odd-numbered frame as an example, when the first row or the second row is selected, the storage capacitance coupling voltage (provided from another scan electrode) has a positive polarity (that is, the compensation potential is negative). When the third row or the fourth row is selected, the storage capacitance coupling voltage (given from another scan electrode) has a negative polarity (that is, the compensation potential is a positive polarity). The situation is the same even in the even-numbered frames, except that the respective polarities are reversed.

The polarity of the video signal is determined so as to correspond to the polarity of the storage capacitor coupling voltage. For example, the video signal when the first row or the second row is selected in an odd-numbered frame has a positive polarity, and the video signal when the third row or the fourth row is selected has a negative polarity. The situation is the same even in the even-numbered frames, except that the respective polarities are reversed.

The characteristic feature of this configuration is that the polarity is inverted every two rows in the positional arrangement order of each row (this is because the polarity inversion pattern as shown in FIG. 11 is obtained on the display screen). ), 1
This means that the polarity of the video signal is inverted every other row. In this case, the influence of the potential fluctuation of the scanning electrode and the common electrode in the preceding stage is also generated by inverting the polarity every 1H period according to the polarity of the video signal. In other words, according to the symbol shown in (Horizontal streak generation mechanism 1—previous stage scanning electrode potential and common potential fluctuation), in the odd-numbered frame, when the first row or the second row is selected, The potential fluctuations of the common electrode correspond to δVg (+) and δVf (+), respectively, and when the third or fourth row is selected, δVg (−) and δVf (−), respectively.
Corresponding to The situation is the same even in the even-numbered frames, except that the respective polarities are reversed. Then, (Equation 25)
Can be written as (Equation 60).

[0244]

[Equation 60]

It is to be noted that here (Embodiment 3) FIG.
After the selection of the row is completed,
, And there is no line-to-line difference in the recharge voltage (this is desirable, but is not necessarily required for the purpose of the present embodiment). Looking at (Equation 60), the first line and the second line
There is no difference between the pixel electrode holding potentials of the rows (or the third and fourth rows). Just in case, A of (Equation 41),
When B and C are calculated, (Equation 61) is obtained.

[0246]

[Equation 61]

That is, if B can be set to 0, both the fixed horizontal streak and the swing horizontal streak can be eliminated. B =
To set the value to 0, the method described so far may be adopted. That is, {ΔVcc (+) + ΔVcc (−)} /
For example, a method of giving an in-plane distribution to 2 may be adopted.

By the way, in order to obtain this effect, the polarity is inverted every two rows in the unit block composed of four rows in the positional order, and is accumulated every other row in the temporal order. It is sufficient if the polarities of the capacitive coupling voltage and the video signal are inverted. Now, assuming that a unit block is selected so that the first and second rows have a positive polarity and the third and fourth rows have a negative polarity in any of the even and odd frames, a temporal selection order satisfying this is selected. Is not necessarily the first row, third row,
The order is not limited to the order of the second row and the fourth row. For example, the second
Row, third row, first row, fourth row, first row, fourth row, second row, third row, or second row, fourth row, first row,
The order of the third row may be used (in any of the above-mentioned orders, the first and third rows are either the first row or the second row in time, and have opposite polarities. The second and fourth to be are on either the third or fourth row.) Alternatively, the third line, the first line, the fourth line, the second line,
Row, second row, fourth row, first row, fourth row, first row, third row, second row, or fourth row, second row, third row,
The order of the first row may be the same (in any order described above, the first and third rows are either the third row or the fourth row in time, and have opposite polarities. The second and fourth to be are either the first row or the second row).

It should be noted that the temporal order may be changed beyond the range of the unit block. For example, G
When rows belonging to 1, G2, G3, G4 are set as one unit block, and rows belonging to G5, G6, G7, G8 are set as another unit block, G1 → G3 → G5 → G7 →
When G2 → G4 → G6 → G8 is selected and the storage capacitance coupling voltage and the polarity of the video signal are alternately changed over time, the odd-numbered G1, G5, G2, and G6 have certain polarities. The even-numbered G3, G7, G4, G8 have their opposite polarities. Even in this case, the position is certainly 2
The polarity is inverted for each row. That is, the above effects are still obtained.

In implementing this embodiment, it is necessary to change the temporal order of the video signals presented to the video signal electrodes so as to correspond to the selection order of the rows. Therefore, it is desirable that the video signal drive circuit has a function of exchanging video signals in this order and presenting the video signals to each video signal electrode (of course, in a video signal processing device different from the video signal drive circuit, Such replacement may be performed).

Although the present embodiment is based on the configuration shown in FIG. 6, it is of course possible to use the configuration shown in FIG. However, in this case, the order of the scanning signals is changed, so that the selection period (the period of Vgon) in each scanning electrode is obtained.
It is possible that some lines may be replaced before and after the compensation period. In that case, it is desirable to temporarily shift to a constant potential immediately after the selection period as shown in FIG. 20 so as to suppress the variation of the recharge voltage in each row.

(Further Generalization of Embodiment 7) In the above (Embodiment 7), the polarity is inverted temporally every row, and the polarity is spatially (spatially) every two rows. Is reversed. Here, this is further expanded to consider a case in which the polarity is inverted every row in time, but the polarity is inverted every N rows in position (spatially) (N is 2 or more). Integer).

In this case, a unit block composed of 2N rows will be considered. First, how to arrange the polarities of each row in order to obtain a flicker reduction effect by polarity cancellation in the pattern of FIG. 10B will be considered. View. Now
When the pattern shown in FIG. 10B is displayed, light (high gradation) display is performed on odd rows, and dark (low gradation) display is performed on even rows. Therefore, in order to perform the polarity cancellation, it is necessary to include at least both the positive and negative storage capacitance coupling voltages (and the video signal) when paying attention only to the odd-numbered rows for which bright display is performed. . Alternatively, when the pattern in FIG. 10B is shifted by one line (that is, reversed in brightness), polarity cancellation is performed in the same manner. It is necessary that both the positive and negative storage capacitance coupling voltages (and video signals) are also included. In addition, if the positive and negative rows are alternately temporally selected from the 2N rows, the horizontal stripes caused by the potential fluctuation of the common electrode and the preceding (or subsequent) scanning electrode can be eliminated. Is obtained.

In order to reverse the polarity temporally for each row (that is, alternately), the same number of positive and negative rows having the average polarity of the storage capacitance coupling voltage in the unit block of 2N rows are equal to each other. (That is, N rows each) is desirable (even if the number is not the same, it is possible to alternately select rows of apparently positive and negative polarities by selecting any polarity a plurality of times) ).

In order to more effectively obtain the polarity canceling effect, it is preferable that the difference between the number of positive polarity rows and the number of negative polarity rows included when focusing only on the odd (or even) N rows is smaller. Most preferably, when N is an even number, the rows of positive and negative polarities are each N / 2 rows (that is, the same number and the difference is 0), and when N is an odd number, each row is (N + 1) / 2 rows and (N− 1) / 2 rows (that is, each number such that the difference is 1) is included. For example, in the case of N = 4, the positive and negative polarities are each two rows when focusing only on the odd-numbered rows or the even-numbered rows, and in the case of N = 5, the positive and negative polarities are 3 rows and 2 rows (or 2 rows, respectively). And 3 lines).

As an example, consider the case where N = 4. In this case, a unit block consisting of 2N = 8 rows is considered, and each row is set to 1, 2,..., 8. Table 1 shows the polarity of each row and the time selection order.

[0257]

[Table 1]

(Table 1) (a) shows that only the odd-numbered rows have three positive polarities and one negative polarity, while only the even-numbered rows have one positive polarity and one negative polarity. Are three. In addition, when viewed in a temporal selection order, odd numbers are always positive, and even numbers are always negative. Therefore, both the flicker reduction effect and the horizontal stripe reduction effect can be obtained while satisfying the above conditions. Next, (Table 1) and (b),
This means that the positive and negative polarities are two each, whether focusing only on the odd-numbered rows or only the even-numbered rows. Therefore, the flicker reduction effect can be obtained more effectively than the cases of (Table 1) and (a), and the horizontal stripe reduction effect can also be obtained.
Also, in the case of (Table 1) and (c), similarly to (Table 1) and (b),
Focusing only on the odd-numbered rows or focusing only on the even-numbered rows, there are two positive and two negative polarities,
(Table 1) The same effect as (b) can be obtained. However, since the relationship between rows 1-4 and rows 5-8 is exactly the same, N =
As 2, the unit block can be regarded as 2N = 4 rows. Next, (Table 1) and (d), this is a slightly special case. It is the same as (Table 1) (a) to (c) that both the positive polarity and the negative polarity are included whether attention is paid only to the odd-numbered rows or only the even-numbered rows. ,
The numbers of the positive polarity and the negative polarity in the eight rows are not the same. But,
By selecting the same row a plurality of times (in this example, selecting row 8 three times), a positive polarity row and a negative polarity row are alternately temporally selected. In this case, the flicker reduction effect and the horizontal stripe reduction effect are still obtained.

Also in the seventh embodiment, the scanning electrodes in another row connected to the pixels in a certain row via the storage capacitor are located one row before (one row above) or one row after (one row above) that row. One line down)
It doesn't have to be. For example, two lines before, three lines before,... Or two lines after three lines,. It is only necessary to change the timing of the waveform in FIG. However, if the connection is made to a row that is too far away, it will straddle a number of scan electrodes, which is not desirable because unnecessary capacitance increases and crosstalk increases.

Further, the connection destination of the storage capacitor does not necessarily mean that all the pixels in the screen must be the scanning electrodes one row before or one row in the same manner. For example, a certain row may be different from the previous row, a different row may be different from the previous row by three rows, or the connection destination may be different for each column as shown in FIG. 9 (two columns). Every three rows, etc.). Alternatively, it may be completely random.

(Supplement throughout) It has been described above that a liquid crystal is used as a display medium. However, even if the display medium is not necessarily a liquid crystal, any material whose optical characteristics such as transmittance changes depending on an applied voltage may be used. Can be used. For example, it may be an electro-optic crystal such as BSO (bismuth silicon oxide) or LiNbO3 (lithium niobate). Further, it may be an electrochromic material, a self-luminous diode, a laser, an electroluminescent material, or the like. Or DMD
(Deformable Mirror Device
e) and the like. However, liquid crystal is the cheapest, and it is desirable to use it.

When a liquid crystal is used, any other mode may be used. A TN (twisted nematic) liquid crystal, an IPS (in-plane switching) liquid crystal, or the like, a VA (vertical alignment) liquid crystal having a relatively high response speed and a high contrast can be used, or an MVA may be used.
(Multi-domain VA) A liquid crystal or another liquid crystal may be used. For example, an ECB (electrically controlled birefringent) type liquid crystal including a TN (twisted nematic) liquid crystal, an STN (super twisted nematic) liquid crystal, a VA liquid crystal (vertical alignment liquid crystal or homeotropic liquid crystal), a homogeneous alignment liquid crystal, etc., and a vent. Liquid crystal, IPS
(In-plane switching) liquid crystal, GH (guest-host) liquid crystal, polymer dispersed liquid crystal, ferroelectric liquid crystal, antiferroelectric liquid crystal, OCB (optically compensated birefringence) liquid crystal, discotech liquid crystal, and various other Mode can be used.

In the present invention, the entire configuration of FIG. 2 has been described as a “display device”.
May be regarded as an independent “scanning signal driving device” alone, and may be considered as a component (for example, an IC (integrated circuit)) used as a set together with a display element and a video signal driving circuit. In this case, by using a “scanning signal driving device” that outputs a scanning signal waveform as shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 18, FIG. 20, or FIG. 25, flicker reduction, fixed horizontal stripe reduction, swing horizontal stripe reduction, and the like can be achieved. The effect is obtained.

Although the present invention has been described mainly with respect to a direct-view type liquid crystal display panel, a liquid crystal element (polycrystalline Si type, single crystal Si type,
Alternatively, the present invention can be naturally applied to an SOI (silicon on insulator) type or the like. Although the switching element has mainly been described assuming a TFT (thin film transistor), MOSFETs used for single crystal Si or SOI, bipolar transistors, photodiodes, and the like are naturally included in the switching element. The case where the switching element is n-type (ON when the voltage is equal to or higher than the threshold voltage and OFF when the voltage is equal to or lower than the threshold voltage) has been mainly described.
F, ON below the threshold voltage). However, the sign of the potential described in this specification needs to be inverted. Alternatively, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-1
Even when both the p-type and the n-type are used as in 37246, it can be adopted. In this case, if the n-type is the more dominant of the p-type and the n-type (ie, if the current amount is large)
The description in this specification holds as it is. However, when the p-type is dominant, it is necessary to invert the sign of the potential.

In FIG. 2, the video signal drive circuit supplies power from the upper side of the display element. However, power may be supplied separately from below or from both upper and lower sides. Alternatively, power may be supplied alternately from every other row or every other row from above and below.

In FIG. 2, the scanning signal drive circuit supplies power from the left side of the display element. However, power may be supplied separately from the right side or from both right and left sides. Of course, power may be alternately supplied from the left and right every other row or every other row.

However, when power is supplied from both the left and right sides, the “portion of the scanning electrode near the scanning signal drive circuit power supply end” corresponds to the left and right ends of the display element, and the “part far from the scan electrode drive circuit power supply end of the scan electrode”. "Part" corresponds to the vicinity of the center of the display element.

In the above description, the scanning signal is left (or right)
Although the description has been made on the assumption that the video signal is supplied from above (or below), the present invention is applicable to a display device that separately supplies a scanning signal from above (or below) and a video signal from left (or right). (A direction parallel to the scanning electrodes is referred to as a row direction, and a direction parallel to the video signal electrodes is referred to as a column direction).

[0269]

As described above, according to the display device and the driving method of the present invention, the active matrix type display device employs the capacitive coupling driving method capable of reducing the driving voltage and the power consumption. In addition, flicker that occurs when a one-row pitch horizontal stripe pattern, a checkered pattern, or the like is displayed can be suppressed, and fixed horizontal stripes and swing horizontal stripes can be reduced. Therefore, the industrial value is extremely large.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a waveform diagram of signals generated by a scan electrode drive circuit and a video signal drive circuit of a display device of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an overall configuration diagram of a display device of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a one-pixel equivalent circuit diagram of the display device of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a waveform chart for explaining a capacitive coupling driving method.

FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining a polarity inversion pattern of a display area.

FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram showing an array configuration of a display device of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a waveform diagram of a capacitive coupling driving method according to a conventional technique.

FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a range of a video signal and a pixel electrode holding potential in the capacitive coupling driving method.

FIG. 9 illustrates an example of an array configuration of a display device.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a representative display pattern.

FIG. 11 is a diagram in which a polarity inversion pattern and a display pattern of a display area are drawn together.

FIG. 12 is a diagram of a two-row pitch horizontal stripe pattern

FIG. 13 is a detailed one-pixel equivalent circuit diagram of the display device of the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a waveform chart showing a state of fluctuation of a scanning electrode and a common electrode in the display device of the present invention.

FIG. 15 is a diagram for explaining a recharge voltage.

FIG. 16 is a view for explaining how to generate a recharge voltage when driven by the waveform of FIG. 1;

FIG. 17 is a circuit diagram showing another array configuration of the display device of the present invention.

18 is a drive waveform diagram corresponding to the display device having the array configuration of FIG.

FIG. 19 is a view for explaining how to generate a recharge voltage when driven by the waveform of FIG. 17;

20 is a driving waveform diagram corresponding to the display device having the array configuration of FIG.

FIG. 21 is a diagram showing applied voltage-transmittance characteristics of normally black and normally white display media.

FIG. 22 is an overall configuration diagram of a display device of the present invention having a potential monitor section.

FIG. 23 is a view for explaining a mechanism of occurrence of a horizontal streak.

FIG. 24 is a diagram for explaining spatial frequency decomposition of a swing horizontal stripe pattern

FIG. 25 is another drive waveform diagram of the display device of the present invention.

FIG. 26 is an equivalent circuit diagram of one pixel of a display device according to a conventional technique.

FIG. 27 is a driving waveform diagram of a display device according to a conventional technique.

FIG. 28 is a diagram showing a polarity pattern when the polarity is inverted for each column in the conventional technique.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 101 Display apparatus 102 Scan signal drive circuit 103 Video signal drive circuit 104 Scan electrode 105 Video signal electrode 106 Display element 107 Switching element 108 Pixel electrode 109 Common electrode 110 Voltage monitor

──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) G09G 3/20 621 G09G 3/20 621H (72) Inventor Takashi Okada 1006 Kadoma Kadoma, Kadoma, Osaka Matsushita Electric Within Sangyo Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Katsuhiko Kumakawa 1006 Kadoma, Kadoma, Osaka Prefecture Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.F-term (reference) 2H093 NA16 NA31 NA41 NC34 NC35 ND10 5C006 AC27 AF42 AF69 AF71 BB16 BC06 BF37 EC05 FA23 FA46 FA47 5C080 AA10 BB05 DD06 DD26 DD30 EE28 FF07 JJ01 JJ02 JJ03 JJ04 JJ05 KK02 KK43

Claims (38)

[Claims] 1. A display device comprising a display element, a video signal driving circuit, and a scanning signal driving circuit, wherein the display element is connected to a plurality of pixel electrodes arranged in a matrix and connected to the pixel electrodes. A switching element, a scanning electrode, a video signal electrode, and a common electrode, having a storage capacitance between the pixel electrode and the scanning electrode except for the scanning electrode at this stage, The scanning signal driving circuit has a function of superimposing a coupling voltage (hereinafter, referred to as a storage capacitance coupling voltage) via the storage capacitor on a holding potential of the pixel electrode, and the scan signal driving circuit is provided to the pixel electrode of each row. The storage capacitance coupling voltage has at least two types of values, and the polarity of the storage capacitance coupling voltage with respect to the average value is inverted every N rows, where N is an integer of 2 or more when viewed in the row arrangement order. Display device, characterized in that Place. 2. The polarity of a video signal applied to a pixel electrode when each row is selected is inverted every N rows corresponding to the average polarity of the storage capacitance coupling voltage applied to the pixel electrodes in the row. The display device according to claim 1, wherein: 3. The display device according to claim 2, wherein N = 2. 4. The display device according to claim 3, wherein the scanning signal drive circuit selects each row sequentially in time according to the row arrangement order. 5. A display device comprising a display element, a video signal driving circuit, and a scanning signal driving circuit, wherein the display element is connected to a plurality of pixel electrodes arranged in a matrix and connected to the pixel electrodes. A switching element, a scanning electrode, a video signal electrode, and a common electrode, and a storage capacitor between the pixel electrode and the scanning electrode except for the scanning electrode at this stage, The scanning signal drive circuit has a function of superimposing a coupling voltage via the storage capacitor on a holding potential of the pixel electrode. The storage capacitor coupling voltage applied to the pixel electrode in each row has at least two values. The polarity of the storage capacitor coupling voltage with respect to the average value is inverted every two rows when viewed in the order of arrangement of the rows, and in the display element, when viewed from a certain row, the pixels of the row The electrode is A display device, wherein a direction in which a row to which the scan electrodes connected via an amount are present coincides with a direction in which each row is sequentially selected in time. 6. A display device comprising a display element, a video signal driving circuit, and a scanning signal driving circuit, wherein the display element is connected to a plurality of pixel electrodes arranged in a matrix and connected to the plurality of pixel electrodes. A switching element, a scanning electrode, a video signal electrode, and a common electrode, and a storage capacitor between the pixel electrode and the scanning electrode except for the scanning electrode at this stage, The scanning signal drive circuit has a function of superimposing a coupling voltage via the storage capacitor on the holding potential of the pixel electrode, and the storage capacitor coupling voltage applied to the pixel electrode in each row has at least two values. The polarity of the storage capacitor coupling voltage with respect to the average value is inverted every two rows when viewed in the arrangement order of the rows, and in the display element, when viewed from a certain row, the pixels of the row The electrode is The direction in which the rows to which the scan electrodes belong connected via a quantity exists is opposite to the direction in which each row is sequentially selected in time, and immediately after the selection of a row is completed, the scan electrodes of that row are Wherein the potential of the display temporarily shifts to a constant potential. 7. The display device according to claim 6, wherein the constant potential is lower than a potential of the scanning electrode in a display state. 8. A coupling voltage applied to a pixel electrode of a certain row due to a potential difference of a scanning electrode between a time when the row is selected and a time when the row electrode is not selected is defined as a self-coupling voltage, And the total of the self-coupling voltages as the total coupling voltage. In the display element, the two rows in which the storage capacitor coupling voltages having the same polarity and which are continuously selected in time are superimposed on the first row, And the second row, the first row and the second row have the same total coupling voltage when the storage capacitance coupling voltage having a positive average polarity is applied, or the first row does not have the same value. 7. The display device according to claim 5, wherein the total coupling voltage when the storage capacitance coupling voltage having a negative average polarity in the second row is given is not the same value. 9. The display medium is of a normally white type,
The total coupling voltage when the storage capacitor coupling voltage having a positive polarity with respect to the average value in the first row and the second row is given by ΔVcc
(+, 1) and ΔVcc (+, 2), and the total coupling voltage when the storage capacitor coupling voltage having a negative average polarity in the first row and the second row is given as Δ, respectively.
9. The display device according to claim 8, wherein, when Vcc (-, 1) and .DELTA.Vcc (-, 2), (Equation 1) is satisfied. (Equation 1) 10. A potential of a scan electrode to which a storage capacitor is connected when a storage capacitor coupling voltage having a positive average polarity is applied in the first row and the second row is Vge (+, 1) and Vge (, respectively). +, 2), and the potential of the scan electrode connected to the storage capacitor when the storage capacitor coupling voltage having a negative average polarity is applied to the first row and the second row is Vge (- , 1) and Vge (−, 2), and the ratio of the capacitance between the scanning electrode and the pixel electrode in the first row to the total capacitance electrically connected to the pixel electrode is αgd (1). When a ratio of the capacitance between the scanning electrode and the pixel electrode in the second row to the total capacitance electrically connected to the pixel electrode is αgd (2), the expression (2) is satisfied. The display device according to claim 9, wherein: (Equation 2) 11. A method characterized by satisfying (Equation 3).
The display device according to claim 9. (Equation 3) 12. The display medium is of a normally black type, and the total coupling voltage when a storage capacitance coupling voltage having a positive average polarity in the first and second rows is given by ΔV.
cc (+, 1) and ΔVcc (+, 2), and the total coupling voltage when the storage capacitor coupling voltage having a negative average polarity is applied in the first row and the second row is ΔVcc ( 9. The display device according to claim 8, wherein (-, 1) and [Delta] Vcc (-, 2) satisfy (Equation 4). (Equation 4) 13. A potential of a scan electrode to which a storage capacitor is connected when a storage capacitor coupling voltage having a positive average value polarity is applied in a first row and a second row is Vge (+, 1) and Vge (, respectively). +, 2), and the potential of the scan electrode connected to the storage capacitor when the storage capacitor coupling voltage having a negative average polarity is applied to the first row and the second row is Vge (- , 1) and Vge (−, 2), and the ratio of the capacitance between the scanning electrode and the pixel electrode in the first row to the total capacitance electrically connected to the pixel electrode is αgd (1). When a ratio of the capacitance between the scanning electrode and the pixel electrode in the second row to the total capacitance electrically connected to the pixel electrode is αgd (2), Expression 5 is satisfied. 13. The method according to claim 12, wherein
The display device according to claim 1. (Equation 5) 14. A method according to claim 6, wherein:
The display device according to claim 12. (Equation 6) 15. The display according to claim 8, wherein the display device includes a potential monitor section for monitoring the potential of any one of the common electrode and the scanning electrode and feeding back the potential to a scanning signal driving circuit. apparatus. 16. The potential monitor predicts a coupling voltage correction factor, and when the value is δVo, corrects the value of the total coupling voltage generated by the scanning signal driving circuit so as to satisfy (Equation 7). The display device according to claim 15, wherein: (Equation 7) 17. The display according to claim 8, wherein the display device includes a potential monitor section for monitoring a potential of any one of the common electrode and the scanning electrode and feeding back the potential to a video signal driving circuit. apparatus. 18. A coupling voltage applied to a pixel electrode of a certain row due to a difference in potential of a scanning electrode between a time when the row is selected and a time when the row is not selected is referred to as a self-coupling voltage. The sum of the voltage and the self-coupling voltage is referred to as a total coupling voltage. In the display element, the total coupling voltage when the storage capacitance coupling voltage having a positive average polarity is given is ΔVcc (+), When the total coupling voltage when the storage capacitor coupling voltage having a negative value polarity is given is ΔVcc (−), ｛ΔVcc (+) + ΔV in a portion of the scan electrode far from the power supply end of the scan signal driving circuit.
7. The display device according to claim 5, wherein the value of cc (−) よ り 小 さ い / 2 is smaller than a value of a portion of the scan electrode close to a power supply end of the scan signal drive circuit. 8. 19. When a ratio of a capacitance between a scanning electrode and a pixel electrode to a total sum of capacitances electrically connected to the pixel electrode is αgd, a ratio of a scanning electrode in a portion far from a scanning signal driving circuit power supply end is set. 19. The display device according to claim 18, wherein the value of αgd is larger than a value of a portion of the scanning electrode near a power supply end of the scanning signal drive circuit. 20. ｛ΔVcc (+, 1) + ΔVcc in a portion of the scanning electrode far from the feeding end of the scanning signal driving circuit.
(+, 2) + ΔVcc (−, 1) + ΔVcc (−,
2) The value of｝ / 4 is smaller than the value of a portion of the scanning electrode near the scanning signal drive circuit feeding end.
The display device according to any one of claims 11, 14, and 16. 21. When a ratio of a capacitance between a scanning electrode and a pixel electrode to a total of capacitances electrically connected to the pixel electrode is αgd, a portion of the scanning electrode far from a scanning signal driving circuit power supply end. 21. The display device according to claim 20, wherein the value of αgd is larger than a value of a portion of the scan electrode near a power supply end of the scan signal drive circuit. 22. A display device comprising a display element, a video signal drive circuit, and a scan signal drive circuit, wherein the display element is connected to a plurality of pixel electrodes arranged in a matrix and connected to the plurality of pixel electrodes. A switching element, a scanning electrode, a video signal electrode, and a common electrode, and a storage capacitor between the pixel electrode and the scanning electrode except for the scanning electrode at this stage, The scanning signal drive circuit has a function of superimposing a coupling voltage via the storage capacitor on a holding potential of the pixel electrode. The storage capacitor coupling voltage applied to the pixel electrode in each row has at least two values. When N is an integer of 2 or more and the display element is divided into unit blocks each having 2N rows, when only odd-numbered rows of 2N rows are noticed, the average of the storage capacitance coupling voltage Value pole Both the positive and negative rows exist, and when attention is paid only to the even-numbered rows of the 2N rows, both the positive and negative rows with the average polarity of the storage capacitor coupling voltage are opposite. The display device, wherein the scanning signal driving circuit sequentially and alternately sequentially selects a row having a positive polarity and a negative row with respect to the average value polarity of the storage capacitance coupling voltage. 23. When the smallest one of N is an even number and attention is paid only to the odd-numbered row of the 2N rows of the unit block, the polarity of the storage capacitor coupling voltage with respect to the average value polarity is positive and negative. Are equal in number, and only the even-numbered rows of the 2N rows of the unit block are noticed.
23. The storage capacitor-coupling voltage according to claim 22, wherein the number of rows having a positive polarity and the number of rows having a negative polarity are equal in number.
The display device according to claim 1. 24. When the smallest one of N is an odd number and attention is paid only to the odd-numbered row of the 2N rows of the unit block, the average value polarity of the storage capacitance coupling voltage is positive and negative. Is ± 1, and when attention is paid only to the even-numbered rows of the 2N rows of the unit block, the row in which the average polarity of the storage capacitance coupling voltage is positive and negative 23. The display device according to claim 22, wherein the difference is ± 1. 25. The display device according to claim 23, wherein the smallest one of N is 2. 26. The four rows included in the unit block are referred to as a first row, a second row, a third row, and a fourth row, respectively, in the arrangement order, and the pixel electrodes in the first row and the second row are referred to as the first row, the second row, and the fourth row. Has a storage capacitance coupling voltage having a positive polarity with respect to the average value.
The storage capacitor coupling voltage having a negative average polarity is applied to the pixel electrodes of the row and the fourth row, and the scanning signal drive circuit temporally switches the first row, the third row, the second row, and the fourth row. In the order of the rows, or in the order of the second row, the third row, the first row, the fourth row, or in the order of the first row, the fourth row, the second row, the third row, or the second
Row, fourth row, first row, third row, or third row, first row, fourth row, second row, or third row, second row,
4th line, 1st line, or 4th line, 1st line, 3rd line
26. The display device according to claim 25, wherein selection is made in the order of a row, a second row, or a fourth row, a second row, a third row, and a first row. 27. The display according to claim 22, wherein the video signal driving circuit has a function of changing the presentation order of the video signals in accordance with the temporal selection order of each row. apparatus. 28. A plurality of pixel electrodes arranged in a matrix, a plurality of switching elements arranged corresponding thereto, and a plurality of switching elements arranged in a row direction corresponding to the matrix arrangement of the plurality of pixel electrodes. And a plurality of scanning electrodes,
And a scanning signal driving device for driving a display element having a storage capacitance between the pixel electrode and the scanning electrode except for the scanning electrode at the current stage, wherein the scanning signal driving device includes the pixel And a function of superimposing a coupling voltage via the storage capacitor on the holding potential of the electrode. The storage capacitor coupling voltage output by the scanning signal driving device has at least two values. The scanning signal driving device is characterized in that, when viewed in the order of arrangement of the rows, N is an integer of 2 or more and is inverted every N rows. 29. A plurality of pixel electrodes arranged in a matrix, a plurality of switching elements arranged corresponding thereto, and a plurality of pixel electrodes arranged in a row direction corresponding to the matrix arrangement of the plurality of pixel electrodes. And a plurality of scanning electrodes,
And a scanning signal driving device for driving a display element having a storage capacitance between the pixel electrode and the scanning electrode except for the scanning electrode at the current stage, wherein the scanning signal driving device includes the pixel The scanning signal driving device has a function of superimposing a coupling voltage via the storage capacitor on the holding potential of the electrode, and the scanning signal driving device outputs at least two values of the storage capacitor coupling voltage. Is to output a potential level for applying a storage capacitance coupling voltage immediately before outputting a potential level for selecting a scan electrode of a certain row, and the average polarity of the storage capacitance coupling voltage is in the row arrangement order. A scanning signal driving device characterized in that the scanning signal driving device is inverted every two rows when viewed. 30. A plurality of pixel electrodes arranged in a matrix, a plurality of switching elements arranged corresponding thereto, and a plurality of switching elements arranged in a row direction corresponding to the matrix arrangement of the plurality of pixel electrodes. And a plurality of scanning electrodes,
And a scanning signal driving device for driving a display element having a storage capacitance between the pixel electrode and the scanning electrode except for the scanning electrode at the current stage, wherein the scanning signal driving device includes the pixel The scanning signal driving device has a function of superimposing a coupling voltage via the storage capacitor on the holding potential of the electrode, and the scanning signal driving device outputs at least two values of the storage capacitor coupling voltage. Outputs a constant level of potential immediately after outputting a potential level for selecting a scanning electrode of a certain row, and thereafter outputs a potential level for applying a storage capacitance coupling voltage. The scanning signal driving device, characterized in that the average polarity is inverted every two rows when viewed in the arrangement order of the rows. 31. A plurality of pixel electrodes arranged in a matrix, a plurality of switching elements arranged corresponding to the plurality of pixel electrodes, and a plurality of switching elements arranged in a row direction corresponding to the matrix arrangement of the plurality of pixel electrodes. And a plurality of scanning electrodes,
And a scanning signal driving device for driving a display element having a storage capacitance between the pixel electrode and the scanning electrode except for the scanning electrode at the current stage, wherein the scanning signal driving device includes the pixel And a function of superimposing a coupling voltage via the storage capacitor on the holding potential of the electrode. The storage capacitor coupling voltage output by the scanning signal driving device has at least two values. As an integer, when the scanning signal driving device is divided into unit blocks each composed of 2N rows, when only the odd-numbered rows of the 2N rows are noticed, the rows in which the average polarity of the storage capacitance coupling voltage is positive When only the even-numbered row of the 2N rows is focused on, both the positive row and the negative row in which the polarity of the storage capacitor coupling voltage with respect to the average value polarity is present, The scanning signal driving device It is characterized in that to-average polarity of the storage capacitor coupled voltage sequentially selects alternately positive line and negative line time, the scanning signal driving device. 32. A method for driving a display device comprising a display element, a video signal drive circuit, and a scan signal drive circuit, wherein the display element includes a plurality of pixel electrodes arranged in a matrix, It has a connected switching element, a scanning electrode, a video signal electrode, and a common electrode, and has a storage capacitance between the pixel electrode and the scanning electrode except for the scanning electrode at this stage. The scanning signal drive circuit superimposes a coupling voltage via the storage capacitor on the holding potential of the pixel electrode, and the storage capacitor coupling voltage applied to the pixel electrode in each row has at least two values. Wherein the polarity of the storage capacitor coupling voltage with respect to the average value is inverted every N rows, where N is an integer of 2 or more when viewed in the row arrangement order. . 33. A method for driving a display device comprising a display element, a video signal driving circuit, and a scanning signal driving circuit, wherein the display element includes a plurality of pixel electrodes arranged in a matrix, It has a connected switching element, a scanning electrode, a video signal electrode, and a common electrode, and has a storage capacitance between the pixel electrode and the scanning electrode except for the scanning electrode at this stage. The scanning signal drive circuit superimposes a coupling voltage via the storage capacitor on the holding potential of the pixel electrode, and the storage capacitor coupling voltage applied to the pixel electrode in each row has at least two values. The polarity of the storage capacitor coupling voltage with respect to the average value is inverted every two rows when viewed in the order of arrangement of the rows, and the direction in which each row is sequentially selected in time is in the display element. I tried based on the line A driving method of the display device, wherein the pixel electrodes in the row coincide with a direction in which the row to which the scan electrode connected via the storage capacitor belongs is present. 34. The scanning signal driving circuit outputs a potential level for applying a storage capacitance coupling voltage immediately before outputting a potential level for selecting a scanning electrode of a certain row. A method for driving a display device according to claim 33. 35. A method for driving a display device comprising a display element, a video signal driving circuit, and a scanning signal driving circuit, wherein the display element includes a plurality of pixel electrodes arranged in a matrix, It has a connected switching element, a scanning electrode, a video signal electrode, and a common electrode, and has a storage capacitance between the pixel electrode and the scanning electrode except for the scanning electrode at this stage. The scanning signal drive circuit superimposes a coupling voltage via the storage capacitor on the holding potential of the pixel electrode, and the storage capacitor coupling voltage applied to the pixel electrode in each row has at least two values. The polarity of the storage capacitor coupling voltage with respect to the average value is inverted every two rows when viewed in the order of arrangement of the rows, and the direction in which each row is sequentially selected in time is in the display element. I tried based on the line When the direction of the row to which the scan electrode to which the pixel electrode of the row is connected via the storage capacitor is present is opposite to that of the row of the scan electrode of the row immediately after the selection of a row is completed. A method for driving a display device, wherein a potential temporarily shifts to a constant potential. 36. The scanning signal drive circuit outputs a constant level potential immediately after outputting a potential level for selecting a scanning electrode of a certain row, and thereafter outputs a potential level for applying a storage capacitance coupling voltage. The method for driving a display device according to claim 35, wherein the method is provided. 37. A method for driving a display device comprising a display element, a video signal driving circuit, and a scanning signal driving circuit, wherein the display element includes a plurality of pixel electrodes arranged in a matrix, It has a connected switching element, a scanning electrode, a video signal electrode, and a common electrode, and has a storage capacitance between the pixel electrode and the scanning electrode except for the scanning electrode at this stage. The scanning signal drive circuit superimposes a coupling voltage via the storage capacitor on the holding potential of the pixel electrode, and the storage capacitor coupling voltage applied to the pixel electrode in each row has at least two values. When N is an integer of 2 or more and the display element is divided into unit blocks each having 2N rows, when only odd-numbered rows of 2N rows are noticed, the average of the storage capacitance coupling voltage Value polarity Are both a positive row and a negative row, and when attention is paid only to the even-numbered row of the 2N rows, both the positive row and the negative row having the average polarity of the storage capacitance coupling voltage with respect to the average polarity exist. Wherein the scanning signal drive circuit sequentially and alternately selects a row in which the average polarity of the storage capacitance coupling voltage is positive and a row in which the polarity is negative in time sequence. 38. The display device according to claim 1, wherein the display medium is a liquid crystal.