JP2002223594A - Controller of motor/generator - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make a magnet-type synchronous generator for charging a battery function as a brushless DC motor for engine start, by supplying a power from the battery. SOLUTION: A first semiconductor device 72 and a first rectifier 73 are connected in parallel with each other between a coil 71 connected to a positive- side of a battery 22 and a positive-side line PL. A second semiconductor device 74 and a second rectifier 75 are connected in parallel with each other, between a negative-side line ML connected to the negative side of the battery 22 and the coil 71. A first capacitor 76 is provided between the coil 71 and the negative- side line ML. A second capacitor 77 is provided between the positive side line PL and the negative-side line ML. Three pairs of third semiconductor devices 78, respectively connected in series with each other, are provided between the positive side line PL and the negative-side line ML and third rectifiers 79 are connected in parallel with the respective semiconductor devices 78. The three connection points between the pairs of the third semiconductor devices 78 are respectively connected to three-phase coils in a motor/generator 5.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a motor / generator functioning as a three-phase magnet type synchronous generator for generating charging power of a battery after the engine is started. The present invention relates to a motor / generator control device that can function as a brushless DC motor that starts an engine by supply.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in charging a battery by rectifying AC power output from a generator driven by an engine, a charging voltage is controlled using a thyristor bridge, or a charging voltage is controlled using a chopper circuit. Control. On the other hand, when the engine that drives the generator is started, a DC motor that uses battery power or a DC motor that uses DC power obtained by rectifying AC power obtained from a commercial power supply as drive power is separately provided from the generator. It is common to prepare.

[0003]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In the above prior art,
An electric motor for starting the engine is required separately from the generator,
A control circuit for controlling the electric motor is also required separately from the circuit for charging the battery.

If a three-phase magnet type synchronous generator is used as the generator, the DC power from the battery is boosted and then supplied to the coils of each phase via a three-phase inverter circuit and the like. Can function as a brushless DC motor, and there is no need for a separate motor from the generator.However, a circuit that boosts DC power from the battery and a three-phase inverter circuit are combined with a circuit for charging the battery. Is required separately.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and provides a motor / generator functioning as a three-phase magnet type synchronous generator capable of charging a battery with a simple circuit configuration with a reduced number of parts. An object of the present invention is to provide a motor / generator control device that can function as a brushless DC motor that starts an engine.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an electric motor / generator connected to an engine so as to function as a three-phase magnet type synchronous generator for generating electric power for charging a battery. A control device for causing the motor to function as a brushless DC motor that rotates with power supplied from the battery before the engine is started, and a coil connected to the positive side of the battery and a current flowing to the coil side when conducting. A first semiconductor element connected in series to the coil having a switching function through which a current flows, and a first rectifier element connected in parallel to the first semiconductor element so as to prevent a current flow to the coil side. When conducting, a current flows from the coil side so that a connection point between the coil and the first semiconductor element is connected to a negative line connected to the negative side of the battery. A second semiconductor element provided in the second so as to prevent the flow of current from the coil side
A second rectifying element connected in parallel with the semiconductor element, a first capacitor provided between the positive side and between the coil and the negative side line of the battery, and a positive side of the battery via the first semiconductor element and the coil. And a second capacitor provided between the positive line connected to the negative line and the negative line, and has a switching function in which a current flows from the positive line to the negative line when conducting. Three sets of third semiconductor elements connected in series one by one, and six third rectifiers connected in parallel to the respective third semiconductor elements so as to block the flow of current from the positive side line to the negative side line. And a connection point of each set of third semiconductor elements is connected to a three-phase coil of the motor / generator. It is characterized in.

According to such a configuration, when charging the battery, the third semiconductor element and the second semiconductor element may be shut off and the switching state of the first semiconductor element may be switched and controlled, and the battery is driven by the engine. The current output from each phase coil of the motor / generator flows through each third rectifier element, and the DC voltage generated between the plus side line and the minus side line is divided into the first semiconductor element, the coil, the second rectifier element, and the The voltage is stepped down to a predetermined voltage by a step-down chopper composed of one capacitor, and the battery is charged. On the other hand, in order to make the electric motor / generator function as an electric motor for starting the engine by the electric power from the battery, the first semiconductor element may be cut off and the switching state of each of the third semiconductor element and the second semiconductor element may be switched and controlled. . Then, the DC voltage output from the battery is boosted and adjusted by the boosting chopper including the coil, the second semiconductor element, the first rectifying element, and the second capacitor, and the three-phase voltage including the third semiconductor element is adjusted. A predetermined DC voltage is sequentially applied to the coils of each phase by the inverter circuit, and the motor / generator rotates to start the engine. That is, a small number of components such as a second semiconductor element, a second rectifying element, and a second capacitor are provided in a three-phase inverter circuit and a step-down chopper necessary for causing the motor generator to function as a magnet synchronous generator for charging a battery. It is possible to make the motor / generator function as a brushless DC motor for starting the engine with a simple circuit configuration simply by adding.

[0008]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described based on one embodiment of the present invention shown in the attached drawings.

1 to 8 show an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a motor / generator, and FIG. 2 is a connection diagram of coils provided in a stator of the motor / generator. 3 is a circuit diagram showing the configuration of the control device, FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram showing a part of the internal configuration of the intelligent power module, and FIG.
FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram showing a partial configuration of a drive signal dividing circuit;
FIG. 7 is a timing chart of the circuit shown in FIG. 5, FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a state of the intelligent power module when the motor / generator functions as a magnetic synchronous generator, and FIG.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a state of an intelligent power module when a motor / generator functions as a brushless DC motor.

First, in FIG. 1, this electric motor / generator 5
Is connected to the engine 6 and functions as a brushless DC motor before the engine 6 starts, and functions as a three-phase magnet synchronous generator after the engine 6 starts.

The stator 7 of the motor / generator 5 is fixed and supported by a plurality of bolts 10 to a continuous sleeve 9 connected to an engine body (not shown) of the engine 6.
The crankshaft 11 of the engine 6 is coaxially disposed in the sleeve 9 so as to penetrate the stator 7 coaxially, and the rotor 8 is coaxially connected to an end of the crankshaft 11.

The stator 7 has a plurality of salient poles 12a on its outer periphery.
And a synthetic resin bobbin 13 that covers the stator core 12 so as to expose the distal end portions of the salient poles 12 a and a part of the inner peripheral surface of the stator core 12.
, 14V..., 14W..., Each of which has a plurality of U-phase, V-phase, and W-phase coils 14U. Are wound around the parts corresponding to.

Referring also to FIG. 2, coils 14U..., 14V.
One end of each of the wires 14W is individually connected to a conducting wire 15U, 15V, 15W, and each phase coil 14U, 14V, 14W ...
Is commonly connected to the conducting wire 15N as a neutral point.

Referring again to FIG. 1, the rotor 8 is formed into a bowl shape so as to cover the stator 7 and is slightly coaxially fastened to the end of the crankshaft 11 between the rotor yoke 16 and the stator 7. And a permanent magnet 17 fixed to the inner periphery of the rotor yoke 16 so as to form an appropriate air gap.

A cover 18 formed to cover the open end of the rotor yoke 16 is fixed to the sleeve 9.

In FIG. 3, a motor / generator 5 functions as a brushless DC motor before the engine 6 starts, and generates a three-phase magnet for generating AC power for charging the battery 22 after the engine 6 starts. The motor is controlled by a control unit 21 so as to function as a synchronous generator. The control unit 21 includes a rotation from a rotation position detector 20 for detecting the rotation position of the rotor 8 provided in the motor / generator 5. A position detection signal is input.

The rotational position detecting means 20 includes coils 14U..., 14V.
, And the rotational position of the rotor 8 is detected based on the induced voltage. Comparators 24U, 24U, which correspond to the coils 14U..., 14V. 24V, 24
W is provided.

The non-inverting input terminal of the comparator 24U corresponding to the U-phase coil 14U is connected to the U-phase coil 14U.
Are divided and inputted by voltage dividing resistors 25 and 26, and the voltages output from the comparators 24V and 24W corresponding to the V-phase coil 14V and the W-phase coil 14W. To the non-inverting input terminal, voltages output from the conductors 15V and 15W connected to one ends of the V-phase coil 14V and the W-phase coil 14W are divided and input like the comparator 24U.

Each of the comparators 24U, 24V, 24
The inverting input terminal of W has coils 14U.
, And 14W are divided by the voltage dividing resistors 27 and 28 and input.

That is, each of the comparators 24U, 24V,
24W outputs a high-level signal when the induced voltage of each of the coils 14U,..., 14V,.

Each of such comparators 24U, 24
V, the output voltage from 24W is divided by the voltage dividing resistors 29 ..., 30 ...
Then, the divided voltage is input to the sensorless motor control IC 36 constituting a part of the control unit 21.

The power supply voltage of the sensorless motor control IC 36 is a low voltage, for example, 5 V, and the voltage input from the rotational position detecting means 20 to the sensorless motor control IC 36 must be lower than the power supply voltage of the sensorless motor control IC 36. However, if the power supply voltage of each of the comparators 24U, 24V, 24W included in the rotational position detecting means 20 is set low, the voltage dividing ratio by the voltage dividing resistors 27, 28, 28 becomes large, and the detection error becomes large. Therefore, each comparator 24U, 24V, 24W
Is set to a high voltage, for example, 15 V, and the output voltage of each of the comparators 24U, 24V, 24W is
By dividing the pressure at 9,..., 30..., The detection accuracy can be increased.

Each of the comparators 24U, 24V, 24
On the input side of W, the connection point of the voltage dividing resistors 25 and 26 is
It is connected to the power supply voltage line via the diode 31 and grounded via the diode 32. The connection point of the voltage dividing resistors 27 and 28 is connected to the power supply voltage line via the diode 33. Diode 34
Are grounded via..., And with such a configuration, protection and malfunction prevention of the comparators 24U, 24V, 24W can be achieved.

The control unit 21 receives signals from the intelligent power module (hereinafter abbreviated as IPM) 35 and the rotational position detecting means 20 and generates drive signals for the coils 14U..., 14V. A sensorless motor control IC 36 for outputting, and a drive signal dividing circuit 37 for dividing a drive signal from the sensorless motor control IC 36 into drive signals corresponding to the IPM 35
And

The battery 22 is connected to the capacitor 40 via the start switch 23 and the relay switch 48, and is also connected to the IPM 35 and the control circuit power supply circuit 49. The relay switch 48 has a resistor 47 connected in parallel. You.

In FIG. 4, the IPM 35 is a battery 2
And a first IGBT as a first semiconductor element connected in series with the coil 71 connected to the positive side of the coil 2 via a relay switch 48 and a start switch 23.
72, a first diode 73 as a first rectifying element connected in parallel to the first IGBT 72 so as to block the flow of current to the coil 71 side, and a connection point between the coil 71 and the first IGBT 72 and the minus of the battery 22. IGBT 74 as a second semiconductor element provided between a negative side line ML connected to the negative side via a resistor 80
A second diode 75 as a second rectifying element connected in parallel to the second IGBT 74 so as to block the flow of current from the coil 71 side, and between the plus side of the battery 22 and between the coils 71 and the minus side line ML. A second capacitor 77 provided between a plus line PL connected to the plus side of the battery 22 via the first IGBT 72 and the coil 71 and the minus line ML; IGBTs as three sets of third semiconductor elements serially connected in pairs between the side line PL and the minus side line ML
, 78, 78,... To prevent the flow of current from the plus side line PL to the minus side line ML.
Are provided as six third rectifying elements, which are connected in parallel to the GBTs 78, 28, respectively.

First IGBT 7 having switching function
2 allows the current to flow to the coil 71 side when conducting, and connects between the coil 71 and the plus side line PL. The second IGBT 74 having a switching function allows the current to flow from the coil 71 side when conducting, and And between the connection point of the first IGBT 72 and the minus side line ML.

The gates of the first and second IGBTs 72 and 74 are connected to gate drive circuits 81 and 82 for switching between conduction and cutoff, respectively. 83
Is controlled by

The voltage adjustment circuit control unit 83 includes a coil 71
And a connection point of voltage dividing resistors 84 and 85 for connecting in series between the plus side of the battery 22 and the minus side line ML, and connecting the plus side line PL and the minus side line ML in series. Voltage dividing resistor 86,
87 connection points are connected. Thus, when charging the battery 22 by causing the motor / generator 5 to function as a three-phase magnet type synchronous generator, the voltage adjustment circuit control unit 83 sets the voltage divided by the voltage dividing resistors 84 and 85 to a voltage. Accordingly, when the switching state of the first IGBT 72 is switched and controlled, the second IGBT 74 is shut off, and the motor / generator 5 functions as a brushless DC motor for starting the engine 6, the voltage is divided by the voltage dividing resistors 86 and 87. The switching state of the second IGBT 74 is controlled in accordance with the applied voltage, and the first IGBT 72 is shut off.

The three sets of third IGBTs 78, 78... Having a switching function and connected in series one by one, and the six third diodes 79, 79. It constitutes an inverter 90 for driving a brushless DC motor, in which a current flows from the plus side line PL to the minus side line ML during conduction so that a pair is connected in series between the plus side line PL and the minus side line ML. Be done 3
Are connected to the three-phase coils 14U, 14V, 14W provided in the motor / generator 5.
(See FIG. 1).

The gates of the third IGBTs 78, 78,... Are connected to gate drive circuits 88, 88, respectively, for switching the conduction and cutoff of the respective IGBTs 78, and each of the gate drive circuits 88, 88,. It is controlled by the control unit 89.

When charging the battery 22 by causing the motor / generator 5 to function as a three-phase magnet-type synchronous generator, the inverter circuit control unit 89 controls each of the third IGBTs.
When the motor / generator 5 is caused to function as a brushless DC motor for starting the engine 6, the switching state of each of the third IGBTs 78, 78 is controlled.

Referring again to FIG.
Is interrupted when the DC voltage output from the battery 22 is low, and the DC current from the battery 22 flows into the capacitor 40 via the resistor 47 at the initial conduction of the start switch 23. . Therefore, the direct current from the battery 22 does not suddenly flow into the capacitor 40 according to the conduction of the start switch 23.

The relay switch 48 is connected to the capacitor 4
0 in cooperation with a relay coil 59 connected to
The relay coil 59 is composed of an FET 61
The DC voltage detection circuit 63 is connected to the gate of the FET 61 so as to make the FET 61 conductive as the DC voltage input from the capacitor 40 to the IPM 35 becomes equal to or higher than the set pressure.

The voltage adjustment circuit controller 83 of the IPM 35
The output signal of the OR circuit 62 is input to the inverter circuit control unit 89, and the output of the rotation speed detection circuit 64 and the output of the malfunction protection circuit 65 are input to the OR circuit 62 in parallel.

The rotation speed detection circuit 64 outputs a high-level signal as the rotation speed of the motor / generator 5 input from the sensorless motor control IC 36 becomes equal to or higher than the starting rotation speed of the engine 6. The sensorless motor control IC 36 receives the signal from the rotational position detecting means 20 and calculates the number of rotations of the motor / generator 5.

The IPM 35 has a function of detecting an input DC current, and the detected DC current is input to an overcurrent detection circuit 66. The overcurrent detection circuit 66
It is determined whether or not the DC current input to the PM 35 is equal to or greater than the set value. If the DC current is equal to or greater than the set value, a signal indicating that fact is input to the sensorless motor control IC 36. Thus, when the DC current input to the IPM 35 is equal to or greater than the set value, the sensorless motor control IC 36 functions as a brushless DC motor by reducing the pulse width of the drive signal applied to the drive signal dividing circuit 37. 14U..., 14 provided in the motor / generator 5
.., 14W... Are limited.

In FIG. 5, the drive signal dividing circuit 37
Includes resistors 68, 71 to 75, an NPN transistor 69, a PNP transistor 70, a buffer 76, and an inverter 77 in a portion corresponding to the U-phase coil 14U of the motor / generator 5.

Resistor 68, NPN transistor 69, PN
A series circuit including P transistor 70 and resistor 71 and a series circuit including resistors 72 and 73 are connected in parallel between a power supply and ground. NPN transistor 69
And a resistor 72 at the base of the PNP transistor 70,
The connection point of 73 is connected, and the connection point of the NPN transistor 69 and the PNP transistor 70 is connected to the connection point via the resistor 75. The drive signal output from the sensorless motor control IC 36 corresponding to the U-phase coil 14U is input to the connection point between the NPN transistor 69 and the PNP transistor 70 via the resistor 74, and the connection between the resistor 68 and the NPN transistor 69 is made. The point is connected to the buffer 76, and the connection point between the PNP transistor 70 and the resistor 71 is connected to the inverter 77.

The outputs of the buffer 76 and the inverter 77 are input to an inverter circuit control unit 89 of the IPM 35.

In such a circuit, A, B,
The signal of the portion indicated by C changes as shown in FIG. 6, and the signal (A) given to the drive signal dividing circuit 37 from the sensorless motor control IC 36 corresponding to the U-phase coil 14U is Inverter circuit 90 of IPM35
, A pair of 3Is corresponding to the U-phase coils 14U.
The signals are divided into two signals (C, B) corresponding to the GBTs 78, 78 and output from the drive signal dividing circuit 37.

The structure of the drive signal dividing circuit 37 of the portion corresponding to the V-phase coils 14V and the portion corresponding to the W-phase coils 14W of the motor / generator 5 is the same as the circuit shown in FIG. And the V-phase coil 14V ...
And a signal provided from the sensorless motor control IC 36 to the drive signal dividing circuit 37 in correspondence with the W-phase coil 14W, a pair of IGBTs 78, 78 provided in the inverter circuit 90 of the IPM 35 in correspondence with the V-phase coil 14V.
78, and the inverter circuit 90 is the W-phase coil 14
W are divided into two signals corresponding to the pair of IGBTs 78 provided in correspondence with W.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described. The rotational position detecting means 20 detects the induced voltages of the three-phase coils 14U..., 14V. Rotor 8 based on
Is configured to detect the rotational position of the motor, and the assembly work of the motor / generator 5 can be simplified.

That is, in the case where the rotation position of the rotor 8 is detected using a sensor such as a Hall element or a photocoupler, the sensor can be fixedly arranged with high accuracy close to the rotor 8 of the motor / generator 5. Difficult and complicated wiring for extracting signals from the sensor, which complicates the assembly operation. On the other hand, the rotational position of the rotor 8 is detected without using a sensor, and Assembly work can be simplified.

In charging the battery 22 by causing the motor / generator 5 to function as a three-phase magnet type synchronous generator, the second IGBT 74 is cut off as shown by a chain line in FIG.
Are shut off, and the switching state of the first IGBT 72 is switched and controlled in accordance with the voltage divided by the voltage dividing resistors 84 and 85.

Then, currents output from the phase coils 14U, 14V, 14W of the motor / generator 5 driven by the engine 6 flow through the third diodes 79, 79,..., And the coils 71, the first IGBT 72, the second Diode 7
5 and the first capacitor 76 function as the step-down chopper 91 so as to be surrounded by a chain line.

In the step-down chopper 91, the DC voltage generated between the plus side line and the minus side line PL, ML is stepped down to a predetermined voltage in accordance with the conduction / interruption of the first IGBT 72, and the first capacitor 76 The battery 22 is smoothed and charged.

On the other hand, in order to make the motor / generator 6 function as a brushless DC motor for starting and starting the engine 6 with the electric power from the battery 22, FIG.
, The switching state of each of the third IGBTs 78, 78,... Is controlled, and the switching state of the second IGBT 74 is switched in accordance with the voltage divided by the voltage dividing resistors 86, 87. Control.

Then, the coil 71, the second IGBT 7
4. The first diode 73 and the second capacitor 77
It functions as the step-up chopper 92 so as to be surrounded by a chain line.

In step-up chopper 92, the DC voltage output from battery 22 is stepped up to a predetermined voltage in accordance with conduction / interruption of second IGBT 74, and a predetermined DC voltage is adjusted by three-phase inverter circuit 90. The voltage is sequentially applied to the phase coils 14U, 14V, and 14W, and the motor / generator 5 rotates to start the engine 6.

That is, the two-phase inverter circuit 90 and the step-down chopper 91 required to make the motor generator 5 function as a magnet synchronous generator for charging the battery are provided with the second
The motor / generator 5 can function as a brushless DC motor for starting the engine with a simple circuit configuration in which the number of components is increased to the extent that the IGBT 74, the second diode 75, and the second capacitor 77 are added.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various design changes can be made without departing from the present invention described in the appended claims. It is possible.

For example, as a semiconductor element having a switching function, an FET or an SCR can be used instead of the IGBT.

[0054]

As described above, according to the present invention, a few components are slightly added to the three-phase inverter circuit and the step-down chopper necessary for the motor generator to function as the magnet type synchronous generator for charging the battery. With a simple circuit configuration just to add, it is possible to make the motor / generator function as a brushless DC motor for starting the engine.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view of a motor / generator.

FIG. 2 is a connection diagram of coils provided in a stator of an electric motor and a generator.

FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram illustrating a configuration of a control device.

FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram showing a part of the internal configuration of the intelligent power module.

FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram showing a partial configuration of a drive signal dividing circuit.

6 is a timing chart of the circuit shown in FIG.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a state of an intelligent power module when a motor / generator functions as a magnetic synchronous generator.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a state of an intelligent power module when a motor / generator functions as a brushless DC motor.

[Description of Signs] 5 ... Electric motor / generator 6 ... Engine 14U, 14V, 14W ... Coil 22 ... Battery 71 ... Coil 72 ... First IGBT 73 as first semiconductor element ... First diode 74 as first rectifier 74 Second IGBT 75 as second semiconductor element Second diode 76 as second rectifier 76 First capacitor 77 Second Capacitor 78: third IGBT as third semiconductor element 79: third diode as third rectifier ML: negative line PL: positive line

Claims (1)

[Claims] An electric motor / generator (5) connected to an engine (6) so as to function as a three-phase magnet type synchronous electric generator for generating electric power for charging a battery (22) is connected to the engine (6). ) Is a control device for functioning as a brushless DC motor that rotates with the electric power supplied from the battery (22) before starting, and is electrically connected to a coil (71) connected to the positive side of the battery (22). Sometimes, the first semiconductor element (72) connected in series to the coil (71) having a switching function in which a current flows to the coil (71) side, and blocks a current flow to the coil (71) side. The first rectifying element (73) connected in parallel to the first semiconductor element (72) in this manner and the coil (7) so that current flows from the coil (71) side when conducting.
1) and the negative line (M) connected to the connection point of the first semiconductor element (72) and the negative side of the battery (22).
L) and a second rectifier element connected in parallel to the second semiconductor element (74) so as to block the flow of current from the coil (71). (75), a first capacitor (76) provided between a plus side and a coil (71) of the battery (22) and a minus side line (ML), and the first semiconductor element (72) and the first capacitor (76). A second capacitor (77) provided between a plus line (PL) connected to the plus side of the battery (22) via the coil (71) and the minus line (ML); PL) has a switching function in which a current flows from the negative line (ML) to the negative line (ML).
And three sets of third semiconductor elements (78) connected in series between the minus side line (ML) and a pair of the third semiconductor elements (78), to block the flow of current from the plus side line (PL) to the minus side line (ML). And six third rectifying elements (79) connected in parallel to the respective third semiconductor elements (78), and the connection point of each set of the third semiconductor elements (78) is determined by the motor / generator ( 5) includes three-phase coils (14U,
14V, 14W), respectively.