JP2002213712A - Burner - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a burner capable of improving injection performance by promoting atomization of fuel and suppressing the generation of NOx and soot and dust. SOLUTION: An atomized medium feed nozzle 24 through which an atomized medium fed in an atomized medium space 18 is brought into a swirl flow guided to an injection hole 20 is connected to the base end of the injection hole 20 of a burner tip 22 and a fuel feed hole 21' through which fuel fed in a fuel space 19 is brought into a swirl flow in the same direction as the swirl direction of the atomized medium and guided in the tangential direction of the outer peripheral part of the injection hole 20 to the injection hole 20 to constitute a burner 3.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

[0001] The present invention relates to a burner.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 9 shows an example of a burner device used for a boiler. A liquid fuel such as heavy oil or orimulsion is supplied to a central portion of a burner throat 2 formed on a boiler furnace wall 1 by steam or air. An ignition torch 4 for injecting and burning an ignition fuel such as light oil in an atomized manner by a spray medium such as steam or air; An ignition plug 5 for igniting an ignition torch 4 is provided so as to be able to be inserted into and removed from an insertion tube 6 provided near the burner 3.

In FIG. 9, reference numeral 7 denotes secondary air for combustion, and reference numeral 8 denotes a register vane for applying a swirling force to the secondary air 7.

[0004] Generally, the burner 3 is shown in FIGS.
As shown in FIG. 1, a fuel supply passage 9 for a liquid fuel such as heavy oil or an orimulsion and a spray medium supply passage 10 for a vapor or the like are provided therein.
A fuel flow path 12 communicating with the fuel supply flow path 9 and a spray medium flow path 13 communicating with the spray medium supply flow path 10 are formed at the tip of a cylindrical burner body 11 provided with A nozzle body 14 is provided, and a fuel orifice portion 15 communicating with the fuel flow path 12 is provided at a tip of the nozzle body 14.
And the spray medium passage hole 1 communicating with the spray medium flow path 13
And an orifice plate 17 in which a spray medium is supplied at the end of the orifice plate 17 in communication with the spray medium passage hole 16; A fuel space 19, which is located on the outer peripheral side of the fuel cell 18 and communicates with the fuel orifice portion 15, and is provided at a predetermined angle with respect to the axis so that the spray medium supplied to the spray medium space 18 is introduced; A burner tip 22 having a plurality of injection holes 20 extending radially and opening at a tip end thereof, and a fuel supply hole 21 communicating with the fuel space 19 and communicating with an intermediate position of the injection holes 20; The orifice plate 17 and the burner tip 22 are connected to the tip nut 2 screwed to the nozzle body 14.
3 has a configuration fixed to the nozzle body 14.

In the burner device as described above, first,
Insert the ignition torch 4 and the ignition plug 5 into the insertion tube 6,
With the tip of the ignition torch 4 and the spark plug 5 protruding from the tip end opening of the insertion tube 6 and positioned near the tip of the burner 3, the ignition fuel and the spray medium are guided to the ignition torch 4 and both. Are mixed and injected, ignited by the spark plug 5,
Next, the fuel and the spray medium are introduced into the burner 3 and mixed and injected, and the flame of the ignition torch 4 is used as an ignition source.
Is to be ignited.

In the case of the burner 3, as shown in FIG. 10, the spray medium is supplied from the spray medium supply flow path 10 to the spray medium space 18 of the burner chip 22 through the spray medium flow path 13 and the spray medium passage hole 16. Then, the fuel is guided from the spray medium space 18 to the injection holes 20, and the fuel is supplied from the fuel supply passage 9 to the fuel space 19 of the burner chip 22 through the fuel passage 12 and the fuel orifice portion 15. From the fuel supply hole 21 to the injection hole 20, the spray medium and the fuel are mixed in the injection hole 20, and the fuel is injected from the injection hole 20 in the form of a mist by the pressure of the spray medium. It is ignited by the flame of the torch 4 and burns.

When the burner 3 is ignited and the combustion of the fuel is started, the supply of the ignition fuel and the spray medium to the ignition torch 4 is stopped, and after the ignition torch 4 is extinguished, the ignition torch 4 and the ignition The plug 5 is pulled out from the insertion tube 6 so that the combustion by the burner 3 is continued.

[0008]

However, in the conventional burner 3 as described above, the injection hole 2 of the burner chip 22 is not provided.
Since the fuel is simply introduced from the fuel supply hole 21 into the injection hole 20 and merges with the spray medium that travels straight through the inside of the nozzle 0, the fuel is sprayed without being uniformly distributed at the outlet of the injection hole 20, Fuel with a relatively large particle size is unevenly distributed, making it difficult to maintain a good spray particle size of the fuel,
There was a problem that it led to an increase in NOx and dust.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and has as its object to provide a burner capable of promoting atomization of fuel to improve spray performance and suppressing generation of NOx and dust.

[0010]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a spray medium space to which a spray medium is supplied, a fuel space located on the outer peripheral side of the spray medium space and to which fuel is supplied, and A plurality of injection holes extending radially at a required angle and opening at the tip end, and a spray that communicates the spray medium space with the injection holes and guides the spray medium supplied to the spray medium space to the injection holes as a swirling flow. A burner chip having a medium supply hole and a fuel supply hole that communicates the fuel space with the injection hole and guides the fuel supplied to the fuel space to the injection hole as a swirling flow in the same direction as the swirling direction of the spray medium. A burner according to the present invention is provided.

A second aspect of the present invention is directed to a spray medium space to which a spray medium is supplied, and a fuel space which is located on an outer peripheral side of the spray medium space and to which fuel is supplied, is radially formed at a required angle with respect to an axis. A plurality of injection holes extending to the front end and opening the front end, a spray medium supply hole that communicates the spray medium space with the injection hole and guides the spray medium supplied to the spray medium space to the injection hole as a swirling flow; A fuel supply hole that communicates the fuel space with the injection hole and guides the fuel supplied to the fuel space to the injection hole as a swirling flow in a direction opposite to the swirling direction of the spray medium, and a burner chip having a burner chip. It depends on the burner.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a fuel space to which fuel is supplied, a spray medium space which is located on an outer peripheral side of the fuel space and to which a spray medium is supplied, and wherein the fuel supplied to the fuel space is introduced. A plurality of injection holes extending radially at a required angle with respect to the axis so as to open at the tip end, and a spray medium supply hole communicating with the spray medium space and communicating with an intermediate position of the spray hole. The present invention relates to a burner having a tip.

In the burner according to the third aspect of the present invention, the spray medium supply hole extending from the spray medium space is connected tangentially at the outer peripheral portion of the injection hole, and the spray medium supplied to the spray medium space is supplied from the spray medium supply hole. It is effective to adopt a configuration in which the fluid is guided as a swirling flow to an intermediate position of the injection hole.

According to the above means, the following effects can be obtained.

In the case of the burner of the first invention, the spray medium supplied to the spray medium space is guided from the spray medium supply hole to the injection hole as a swirling flow, and the fuel supplied to the fuel space is supplied to the fuel supply hole. From the spray medium is guided to the injection hole as a swirling flow in the same direction as the swirling direction of the spray medium, thereby increasing the mixing distance between the spray medium and the fuel in the injection hole. Are evenly mixed,
Fuel is injected in a mist form from the injection holes by the pressure of the spray medium, and combustion is performed.

In the case of the burner according to the second aspect of the invention, the spray medium supplied to the spray medium space is guided from the spray medium supply hole to the injection hole as a swirling flow, and the fuel supplied to the fuel space is supplied to the fuel supply hole. From the spray medium to the injection hole as a swirling flow in the direction opposite to the swirling direction of the spray medium, whereby the spray medium and the fuel collide in the injection hole and are uniformly mixed. Is sprayed from the injection holes in a mist state, and combustion is performed.

In the case of the burner according to the third aspect of the invention, the fuel supplied to the fuel space is guided to the injection holes, and the spray medium supplied to the spray medium space is supplied to the fuel flowing straight through the injection holes. It is guided from the hole to the midpoint of the injection hole and merges, but in this case, the momentum of the spray medium that is larger than the momentum of the fuel is effectively utilized, and the fuel is sealed in the injection hole by the spray medium. Therefore, the spray medium and the fuel are uniformly mixed in the injection hole, and the fuel is injected in a mist form from the injection hole by the pressure of the spray medium to perform combustion.

In the burner according to the third aspect of the present invention, the spray medium supply hole extending from the spray medium space is connected in a tangential direction at an outer peripheral portion of the spray hole, and the spray medium supplied to the spray medium space is sprayed from the spray medium supply hole. If a configuration is adopted in which the swirling flow is guided to a halfway position of the hole, the mixing distance between the spray medium and the fuel in the injection hole can be further increased.

As a result, in the burner of the present invention, as in the conventional burner, the fuel is simply introduced from the fuel supply hole into the injection hole and merges with the spray medium that travels straight in the injection hole of the burner chip. Unlike the above, the fuel is sprayed in a uniform distribution in the injection hole, the fuel having a large spray particle diameter is not unevenly distributed, and it becomes possible to maintain a good spray particle diameter of the fuel, and NOx and dust are generated. It becomes difficult.

[0020]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIGS. 1 to 4 show an example of an embodiment of the present invention. In the drawings, the portions denoted by the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. 9 to 1
3 is similar to the conventional one shown in FIG. 3, but the feature of this illustrated example is that as shown in FIGS.
2, a spray medium supply hole 24 that guides the spray medium supplied to the spray medium space 18 to the spray hole 20 as a swirl flow is connected to the base end of the spray hole 20, and a tangential direction at the outer peripheral portion of the spray hole 20 is provided. The fuel supply hole 21 ′ for guiding the fuel supplied to the fuel space 19 to the injection hole 20 as a swirling flow in the same direction as the swirling direction of the spray medium is connected to form the burner 3.

Next, the operation of the illustrated example will be described.

In the case of the burner 3, as shown in FIG. 1, the spray medium is supplied from the spray medium supply channel 10 to the spray medium space 18 of the burner chip 22 through the spray medium channel 13 and the spray medium passage hole 16. The spray medium supplied to the spray medium space 18 is guided from the spray medium supply hole 24 to the injection hole 20 as a swirling flow, and the fuel flows from the fuel supply passage 9 to the fuel passage 12 and the fuel orifice portion 15. The fuel supplied to the fuel space 19 of the burner chip 22 is supplied to the fuel space 19, and the fuel supplied to the fuel space 19 is guided from the fuel supply hole 21 ′ to the injection hole 20 as a swirling flow in the same direction as the swirling direction of the spray medium. As a result, the mixing distance between the spray medium and the fuel in the injection hole 20 becomes longer, so that the spray medium and the fuel are uniformly mixed in the injection hole 20 and the fuel is injected into the injection hole 20 by the pressure of the spray medium. From the mist, and combustion is performed.

As a result, as with the conventional burner 3, simply guiding the fuel from the fuel supply hole 21 into the injection hole 20 and joining it with the spray medium that travels straight through the injection hole 20 of the burner tip 22 does not mean. In contrast, the fuel is sprayed in a uniformly distributed manner in the injection hole 20, the fuel having a large spray particle diameter is not unevenly distributed, and it is possible to maintain a good spray particle diameter of the fuel, and it is difficult to generate NOx and dust. Become.

Thus, atomization of fuel can be promoted to improve the spraying performance, and the generation of NOx and dust can be suppressed.

On the other hand, as described above, the spray medium supply hole 24 for connecting the spray medium supplied to the spray medium space 18 to the spray hole 20 as a swirling flow is connected to the base end of the spray hole 20 in the burner chip 22. The fuel supplied to the fuel space 19 is tangentially formed at the outer peripheral portion of the injection hole 20 as a swirling flow in the same direction as the swirling direction of the spray medium.
As shown in FIG. 5, instead of connecting the fuel supply hole 21 ′ leading to the fuel supply hole 21 ′ and forming the burner 3, the fuel supplied to the fuel space 19 in the tangential direction on the outer peripheral portion of the injection hole 20 is supplied to the spray medium It is also possible to connect a fuel supply hole 21 ′ that leads to the injection hole 20 as a swirling flow in the direction opposite to the swirling direction.

In this case, the spray medium collides with the fuel in the injection hole 20 so that the fuel collides with the fuel, and the fuel is uniformly mixed. Therefore, atomization of fuel can be promoted to improve the spraying performance, and generation of NOx and dust can be suppressed.

FIGS. 6 and 7 show another embodiment of the present invention. In the figures, the parts denoted by the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. A fuel space 19 is formed on the base end side of the fuel space 19 so as to be located at the center thereof, and a spray medium space 18 is formed on the outer peripheral side of the fuel space 19. The bases of the plurality of injection holes extending radially at an angle and opening to the tip end communicate with the fuel space 19, and the spray medium supply hole 24 ′ extended from the spray medium space 18.
Is connected to an intermediate position of the injection hole 20, and the burner chip 2
The spray medium is guided from the spray medium supply hole 24 ′ into the injection hole 20 and merges with the fuel that travels straight through the inside of the second injection hole 20.

Along with this, in contrast to the conventional burner 3 shown in FIG. 10, the fuel supply flow path 9 for the liquid fuel such as heavy oil or olimulsion provided inside the cylindrical burner main body 11 and the steam or the like The positional relationship between the spray medium supply flow path 10 and the fuel flow path 12 formed in the nozzle body 14 and the spray medium flow path 13 are switched, and the fuel orifice portion formed in the orifice plate 17 is exchanged. The positional relationship between the nozzle 15 and the spray medium passage hole 16 is exchanged.

In the case of the burner 3 shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, fuel is supplied from the fuel supply passage 9 to the fuel space 19 of the burner chip 22 through the fuel passage 12 and the fuel orifice portion 15, and the fuel space 19 Is supplied to the spray hole 20, and the spray medium is supplied from the spray medium supply flow path 10 to the spray medium space 18 of the burner chip 22 via the spray medium flow path 13 and the spray medium passage hole 16, The spray medium supplied to the spray medium space 18 is supplied to the spray medium supply hole 24 ′.
From the injection hole 20 to the middle position.

Here, since the momentum of the spray medium is larger than the momentum of the fuel, in the arrangement like the conventional burner 3 shown in FIG. However, as shown in this example, when the spray medium is guided from the spray medium supply hole 24 ′ into the injection hole 20 and merges with the fuel that travels straight in the injection hole 20 of the burner chip 22, Since the momentum is effectively utilized and the fuel is sealed by the spray medium in the injection hole 20, the spray medium and the fuel are uniformly mixed in the injection hole 20, and the fuel is injected by the pressure of the spray medium. The fuel is injected in a mist form from the holes 20 to perform combustion.

As a result, unlike the conventional burner 3, unlike the conventional burner 3, the fuel is introduced from the fuel supply hole 21 into the injection hole 20 and merges with the spray medium that travels straight through the injection hole 20 of the burner chip 22. The fuel is uniformly distributed and sprayed in the injection hole 20 by the completely opposite operation, so that the fuel having a large spray particle diameter is not unevenly distributed, and it is possible to maintain a good spray particle diameter of the fuel. Is less likely to occur.

As described above, also in the examples shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the atomization of the fuel can be promoted to improve the spraying performance.
x and the generation of dust can be suppressed.

On the other hand, in the example shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, a spray medium supply hole 24 'extending from the spray medium space 18 is further provided.
As shown in FIG. 8, the spray medium is connected in a tangential direction at the outer peripheral portion of the injection hole 20, and the spray medium supplied to the spray medium space 18 is guided from the spray medium supply hole 24 ′ to a halfway position of the injection hole 20 as a swirling flow. With such a configuration, the mixing distance between the spray medium and the fuel in the injection hole 20 is increased, so that the spray performance can be further improved.

It should be noted that the burner of the present invention is not limited to the above-described example, but may be variously modified without departing from the gist of the present invention.

[0036]

As described above, according to the burner of the present invention, atomization of fuel can be promoted to improve the spraying performance.
An excellent effect of suppressing generation of NOx and dust can be obtained.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side sectional view of an example of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side sectional view of a burner chip according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line III-III of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line IV-IV of FIG. 2;

5 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an example in which fuel is guided from the fuel supply hole to the injection hole as a swirling flow in the direction opposite to the swirling direction of the spray medium, and is a cross-sectional view corresponding to the IV-IV cross section in FIG.

FIG. 6 is a side sectional view of another example of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a side sectional view of a burner chip according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a sectional view taken along line VIII-VIII of FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is an overall schematic configuration diagram illustrating an example of a burner device used in a boiler.

FIG. 10 is a side sectional view illustrating an example of a conventional burner, and is an enlarged sectional equivalent view of a portion X in FIG. 9;

FIG. 11 is a side sectional view of a burner chip in an example of a conventional burner.

FIG. 12 is a view taken in the direction of arrows XII-XII in FIG. 11;

FIG. 13 is a view taken in the direction of arrows XIII-XIII in FIG. 11;

[Explanation of symbols]

 3 Burner 18 Spray medium space 19 Fuel space 20 Injection hole 21 'Fuel supply hole 22 Burner chip 24 Spray medium supply hole 24' Spray medium supply hole

Claims (4)

[Claims] A spray medium space to which a spray medium is supplied;
A fuel space located on the outer peripheral side of the spray medium space and to which fuel is supplied, a plurality of injection holes extending radially at a required angle with respect to the axis and opening at the tip end; A spray medium supply hole that communicates the spray medium supplied to the spray medium space to the injection hole as a swirling flow, and a fuel medium that communicates with the fuel space and the injection hole, and sprays the fuel supplied to the fuel space. A burner chip comprising: a burner chip having a fuel supply hole that guides a swirling flow in the same direction as a swirling direction of a medium to an injection hole. 2. A spray medium space to which a spray medium is supplied;
A fuel space located on the outer peripheral side of the spray medium space and to which fuel is supplied, a plurality of injection holes extending radially at a required angle with respect to the axis and opening at the tip end; A spray medium supply hole that communicates the spray medium supplied to the spray medium space to the injection hole as a swirling flow, and a fuel medium that communicates with the fuel space and the injection hole, and sprays the fuel supplied to the fuel space. A burner, comprising: a burner tip having a fuel supply hole that guides a swirling flow in a direction opposite to a swirling direction of a medium to an injection hole. 3. A fuel space to which fuel is supplied, a spray medium space located on an outer peripheral side of the fuel space and to which a spray medium is supplied, and an axial center for introducing the fuel supplied to the fuel space. And a burner tip having a plurality of injection holes extending radially at a required angle and opening at the tip, and a spray medium supply hole communicating with the spray medium space and communicating with an intermediate position of the spray hole. A burner characterized by that: 4. A spray medium supply hole extending from the spray medium space is connected tangentially at an outer peripheral portion of the spray hole, and the spray medium supplied to the spray medium space is swirled from the spray medium supply hole to an intermediate position of the spray hole. The burner according to claim 3, wherein the burner is configured to be guided.