JP2002210620A - Assembling method and treating method utilizing indication information and assembly assembled by the assembling method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method simply and certainly carrying out a matter that an appropriate processing corresponding to an inherent characteristic of each member is applied without requiring a complex work when an inherent information regarding an individual member and a size of the member can be treated and the opposed members are combined each other and when the members having a size becoming an appropriate combination condition each other are selected and a processing corresponding to the characteristic is applied to the member. SOLUTION: In the method for assembling the assembly by combining a plurality of opposed members each other, inherent information regarding a size of individual member necessary for a combination of those members is previously indicated on a surface of the member prior to an assembling step. The information indicated on the member is read by the assembling step and the members having a size becoming an appropriate combination condition each other are selected.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for assembling members using information processing of characteristics of individual industrial members and a method for treating members themselves.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In the industrial field, there are a wide variety of uses for assembling opposing members, and a typical example is a mechanical component that requires a fit such as a clearance fit or an interference fit. , Upper and lower punches and sleeves in a press forming die, which is an assembly capable of relatively moving members, rolling elements and inner and outer rings in rolling bearings, pistons and cylinder liners in internal combustion engines, or piston pins and pistons and connecting rods. I have no time.

[0003] Furthermore, as an assembly that cannot relatively move parts that require an intermediate or interference fit, fixing of a rim and a boss in a gear, fitting of a bearing bush into a housing, and fitting of a ceramic gas turbine rotor. There are fastening portions between the shaft portion of the ceramic rotor and the metal shaft, and the relative dimensions of the connecting portions are important even when connecting members like these.

[0004] Although the shape and dimensions of the members are distributed with a certain variation, in the fitting, in order to satisfy appropriate fitting conditions, the variation in the shape and dimensions of the members is reduced by machining to achieve high precision. Has been done. However, there are cases where sufficient processing accuracy cannot be ensured or where machining cannot be applied.In such a case, conventionally, the shape and dimensions of the members are individually measured, and based on the measurement results, several measures are taken. For each dimension range,
Parts were sorted out to form several size range lots.

After the opposing members are classified into several size range lots, appropriate opposing size range lots are selected and assembled using the members in each lot. Dimension range lot division may be performed for each of the opposing members, but only for members with relatively large variation due to insufficient machining accuracy or application of machining, In some cases, the shape and dimensions of the opposing members are matched according to the representative size of each size range lot.

However, in the case of this method, it is not possible to exclude the influence of the dimensional variation within the lot of the dimensional range, so that it cannot be said that a sufficiently appropriate fitting condition can be realized. Therefore, based on the unique dimensional data of each member, processing such as processing the opposing members into dimensions that provide appropriate fitting conditions or selecting one having such dimensions is performed. Accordingly, a method of realizing a combination having an appropriate fitting condition has been considered.

For example, in the related art, individual dimensional data of a member is written on a measurement recording paper, a number or an identification code is attached to the member, and a relative number is set based on the dimensional data described on the recording paper. Efforts have been made to apply the above-described processing to members to be processed.

[0008]

However, as described above, the method of managing the members by writing the individual dimensional data of the members on the measurement recording paper one by one, as the number of the members increases, Data entry work becomes complicated,
The work of reading data from the recording paper has become complicated, and the time required for the work of writing and reading has become enormous. In addition, there have been problems that errors in writing and reading occur frequently.

Such a reading error is considered to be a root cause of the problem that the member itself and the data are handled separately. In particular, a large number of members are moved to a place far away from a machined place. However, when combined with the opposing member, the problem becomes more remarkable because information is exchanged with the member without sufficient transmission between workers.

The present invention has been made in view of such a conventional situation, and an object of the present invention is to integrally handle individual information relating to individual members and dimensions of the members, and the like. When selecting opposing members with dimensions that are suitable for combining conditions when combining opposing members, or when applying processing corresponding to the characteristics to members, appropriate processing corresponding to the unique characteristics of each member To provide a method that can be performed simply and reliably without complicated work.

[0011]

According to the present invention, in a method of assembling an assembly by combining a plurality of opposing members, an individual member necessary for the combination of the members is preliminarily placed on a member surface before an assembling process is started. Characteristic information relating to the dimensions of the members is displayed, the information displayed on the members is read in the assembling process, and based on the information, members having dimensions satisfying appropriate combination conditions are selected. Assembly method (No. 1)
Invention) is provided.

Further, according to the present invention, in a method of assembling an assembly by combining a plurality of opposing members, individual members necessary for the combination of the members are preliminarily placed on one member surface before starting an assembling step. In the assembly process, the information displayed on the member is read, and based on the information, the other member is manufactured so that appropriate combination conditions are satisfied, and the one member is manufactured. And an assembling method (second invention) characterized by combining with (1).

Further, according to the present invention, there is provided an assembly (third invention) assembled by any of the above-described assembling methods.

Further, according to the present invention, there is provided a member (fourth invention) displaying the information used in any of the above-described assembling methods.

Further, according to the present invention, a plurality of members include
In a method of performing a process corresponding to the characteristics of the member, information on the unique characteristics of each member is displayed in advance on the surface of the member before entering the processing step, and the information is read in the processing step, and the information is read. And a processing method (fifth invention) characterized in that a processing corresponding to the characteristic of the member is performed based on the above.

Further, according to the present invention, there is provided a member (sixth invention) that has been processed by any of the above-described processing methods.

Further, according to the present invention, there is provided a member (seventh invention) displaying the information to be processed by any of the above-described processing methods.

[0018]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS As described above, the first invention is a method for assembling an assembly by combining a plurality of opposing members with each other. It is necessary to display unique information on dimensions of individual members, read information displayed on the members in the assembling process, and select members having dimensions satisfying appropriate combination conditions based on the information. Features.

In this way, by displaying the unique information on the dimensions of the member on the surface of the member, the unique information on the dimensions of the individual member and the member can be integrally handled, and the members facing each other can be handled. When the members are combined, members having dimensions satisfying appropriate combination conditions can be easily and reliably selected.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in a method of assembling a similar assembly, unique information relating to dimensions of individual members required for a combination of those members is displayed on one member surface before starting an assembling process. In the assembling process, information displayed on the member is read, and based on the information, the other member is manufactured so as to satisfy appropriate combination conditions, and is combined with the one member.

As described above, the other member having an appropriate dimension corresponding to the dimension is created from the unique information on the dimension of each member displayed on the surface of one member, and by combining the two, an appropriate Assemblies assembled under conditions can be easily produced.

The first and second aspects of the invention can be particularly suitably used for assembling an assembly that requires a plurality of opposing members to be fitted with each other. Further, in the first and second inventions, characters and barcodes can be used as the information display format. The information can be displayed by ink application, laser, sand blast, chemical corrosive action, or the like. When information is represented by ink, it is preferable to use an inkjet method or a thermal transfer method.

A third invention is an assembly assembled by the method according to the first or second invention, and as described above, is assembled with members having dimensions satisfying appropriate combination conditions. It can be suitably used in various applications. A fourth invention is a member before assembly in which the information used in the method according to the first or second invention is displayed, and the information is displayed in advance in various formats and means as described above. Then, the assembling method of the first or second invention is realized based on the information.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in a method of performing a process corresponding to the characteristics of a plurality of members on a surface of the member, information on a characteristic characteristic of each member is displayed in advance before the processing step. In the processing step, the information is read, and a process corresponding to the unique characteristics of the member is performed based on the information.

As described above, by displaying the information on the unique characteristics of each member on the surface of the member in advance, it is possible to integrally handle the unique information on the characteristics of each member and the member, Appropriate processing suitable for the characteristics of the member can be easily and reliably performed.

In the fifth invention, the same information display format and display means as those in the first and second inventions can be used.

[0027] A sixth invention is a member that has been treated by the method according to the fifth invention, and as described above, an appropriate treatment corresponding to the inherent characteristics of the member has been easily and reliably performed. It has become something. Further, a seventh invention is a member before processing in which the information to be processed by the method according to the fifth invention is displayed, and the information is displayed in advance in various formats and means as described above. The processing method of the fifth invention is realized based on the information. Although the material of these members is not particularly limited, for example, those made of ceramics are preferably used.

[0028]

EXAMPLES Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail based on examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.

(Embodiment 1) As a specific embodiment of the assembling method according to the present invention, a method of assembling a sleeve and upper and lower punches in a press die will be described. Although the press mold as shown in FIG. 1 is widely used industrially, under press conditions, the press material does not leak out of the mold,
The function that the upper and lower punches 23a and 23b slide smoothly in the sleeve 21 is required. Therefore, the inner diameter of the sleeve 21 and the outer diameters of the upper and lower punches 23a and 23b are required to have a strict fitting accuracy for realizing a clearance of several microns suitable for sliding and a surface roughness suitable for sliding. As the press-type material, a stainless material, a cemented carbide or a ceramic material is used. Generally, the sleeve inner diameter is
The upper and lower punches are processed by a cylindrical grinder and the like, while the inner and lower punches are processed by an inner grinder and the like.

As shown in FIG. 2, the sleeve 21 is fixed to a rotatable chuck 25, and the inner peripheral surface of the sleeve 21 is machined by an internal grinding machine while rotating the sleeve 21 and the grinding wheel shaft 29 in opposite directions. In such a case, it is very difficult to increase the processing accuracy because the diameter of the grindstone 27 becomes small, the processing conditions become severe, and the grindstone wear becomes intense. Difficult. As the sleeve material becomes a hard material such as a cemented carbide or a ceramic material represented by silicon nitride or silicon carbide, high-precision processing becomes more difficult.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 3, the upper and lower punches 23 a and 23 b are fixed to the rotatable chuck 25, and while the sleeve 21 and the grinding wheel shaft 29 are rotated in opposite directions,
When the outer peripheral surfaces of the upper and lower punches 23a and 23b are machined by a cylindrical grinder, the diameter of the grindstone 27 can be increased. Therefore, the wear of the grindstone is relatively small, and the rigidity of the grindstone shaft is relatively increased. Processing is possible.

In addition, it is difficult to accurately measure and inspect the processing dimensions during processing due to the problem of the temperature condition of the workpiece and the measurement environment, and it is necessary to carry the workpiece once to an inspection room equipped with a measurement environment for measurement. There is. In particular, the measurement of the sleeve inner diameter is extremely difficult compared to the measurement of the outer diameter of the upper and lower punches, and from these, it has been extremely difficult to obtain a press die having an appropriate combination of fittings.

Therefore, the inner diameter of the sleeve whose inner peripheral surface has been finished in advance is measured by a three-dimensional measuring machine or a cylindrical gauge in an inspection room, and the inner diameter dimension information is displayed as a bar code on the outer surface of the sleeve. Next, bar code information displayed on the outer surface of the sleeve was read in the processing chamber, and the outer diameter of the upper and lower punches was processed based on the information. This makes it possible not only to obtain a combination of the sleeve and the upper and lower punches having an appropriate clearance, but also to process the outer diameter of the upper and lower punches in accordance with the inner diameter of the sleeve. Dimensions can be easily controlled in sleeve inner diameter processing.

(Embodiment 2) As still another specific embodiment of the assembling method according to the present invention, a method of assembling a ceramic gas turbine rotor will be described. The relationship between the sleeve and the upper and lower punches in the press die shown in the first embodiment is a clearance fit, but the same applies to a tight fit. FIGS. 4A and 4B show a ceramic gas turbine rotor, in which a ceramic rotor 31 receiving high-temperature exhaust gas and a metal shaft 35 are fastened by shrink fitting or press fitting. As shown in the figure, the shaft 33 of the ceramic rotor 31 is pressed into a hole provided in the metal shaft 35. In this case, too, high precision is required for the inner diameter of the hole of the metal shaft and the outer diameter of the rotor shaft. Therefore, the same assembling method as the press die of the first embodiment is effective.

That is, the inner diameter of the hole of the metal shaft whose inner peripheral surface has been finished in advance was measured in an inspection room, and the information of the inner diameter was displayed as a bar code on the outer surface of the metal shaft. Next, bar code information displayed on the outer surface of the metal shaft was read in the processing chamber, and the outer diameter of the shaft portion of the ceramic rotor was processed based on the information. This makes it possible not only to obtain a combination of the ceramic rotor and the metal shaft having an appropriate clearance, but also to machine the outer diameter of the shaft portion of the ceramic rotor according to the inner diameter of the hole of the metal shaft. Therefore, there is a margin in the allowable range of the processing size of the bore diameter of the metal shaft,
Dimension control in the inside diameter processing of the hole became easy.

(Embodiment 3) As still another specific embodiment of the assembling method according to the present invention, a method of assembling a rolling bearing will be described. In the relationship between the inner ring 43, the outer ring 45, and the rolling element 41 in the rolling bearing shown in FIG.
Since the groove 45a of the outer race 45 is subjected to the inner surface grinding, the same assembling method as the press die of the first embodiment is effective.

That is, the inner diameter of the groove of the outer ring whose inner peripheral surface has been finished in advance is measured in an inspection room, and the inner diameter dimension information is displayed as a bar code on the outer surface of the outer ring. next,
In the processing room, barcode information displayed on the outer surface of the outer ring was read, and the rolling elements and the inner ring were processed based on the information. This makes it possible to obtain a combination of the outer ring, the inner ring, and the rolling elements having appropriate fitting dimensions.

[0038]

As described above, according to the present invention, individual members and unique information relating to dimensions and the like of the members can be integrally handled, and when combining opposing members, an appropriate combination When selecting members having the required dimensions, or when performing a process corresponding to the characteristics of a member, it is necessary to perform an appropriate process corresponding to the unique characteristics of each member. Without
Simple and reliable.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a structure of a press die.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing a method of grinding the inner peripheral surface of a press-type sleeve.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing a grinding method of an outer peripheral surface of an upper and lower punch of a press die.

FIGS. 4A and 4B are explanatory views showing a combined state of a ceramic rotor and a metal shaft in a ceramic gas turbine rotor, wherein FIG. 4A is an overall view and FIG. 4B is an enlarged view of a portion A of FIG.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing a combined state of an inner ring, an outer ring, and a rolling element in a rolling bearing.

[Explanation of symbols]

Reference numeral 21: sleeve, 23a: upper punch, 23b: lower punch, 25: chuck, 27: grinding wheel, 29: grinding wheel shaft, 31
... ceramic rotor, 33 ... shaft part, 35 ... metal shaft, 41 ... rolling element, 43 ... inner ring, 45 ... outer ring, 45a ...
Groove.

Claims (23)

[Claims] 1. A method for assembling an assembly by combining a plurality of opposing members with each other, wherein unique information relating to dimensions of individual members required for the combination of the members is displayed on a member surface in advance before starting an assembly process. In addition, in the assembling method, information displayed on the members is read in an assembling process, and members having dimensions satisfying appropriate combination conditions are selected based on the information. 2. A method of assembling an assembly by combining a plurality of opposing members, wherein before entering an assembling step, unique information relating to dimensions of individual members required for the combination of the members is previously written on one member surface. Displaying, reading the information displayed on the member in the assembling process, based on the information, manufacturing the other member so as to satisfy appropriate combination conditions, and combining with the one member. How to assemble. 3. The assembling method according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of members facing each other require fitting. 4. The assembling method according to claim 1, wherein a display format of the information is a character. 5. The assembling method according to claim 1, wherein a display format of the information is a barcode. 6. The assembling method according to claim 4, wherein the information is displayed by ink. 7. The method for displaying information by ink is an ink jet method or a thermal transfer method.
The assembling method described. 8. The assembling method according to claim 4, wherein the information is displayed by a laser. 9. The assembling method according to claim 4, wherein the information is displayed by sandblasting. 10. The assembling method according to claim 4, wherein the information is displayed by a chemical corrosion action. 11. An assembly assembled by the assembly method according to claim 1. Description: 12. A member displaying the information used in the assembling method according to any one of claims 1 to 10. 13. A method for subjecting a plurality of members to processing corresponding to the characteristics of the members, wherein information relating to the unique characteristics of each member is displayed on the surface of the members in advance before entering the processing step. Reading the information in a step, and performing a process corresponding to the unique characteristics of the member based on the information. 14. The processing method according to claim 13, wherein a display format of the information is a character. 15. The processing method according to claim 13, wherein the display format of the information is a barcode. 16. The processing method according to claim 14, wherein the information is displayed by ink. 17. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method of displaying the information by ink is an ink jet method or a thermal transfer method.
6. The processing method according to 6. 18. The processing method according to claim 14, wherein the information is displayed by a laser. 19. The processing method according to claim 14, wherein the information is displayed by sandblasting. 20. The processing method according to claim 14, wherein the information is displayed by a chemical corrosion action. 21. A member which has been processed by the processing method according to claim 13. Description: 22. A member on which the information to be processed by the processing method according to claim 13 is displayed. 23. The material is ceramics.
Or the member according to 22.