JP2002210359A - Device and method for decomposing chemical substance by using electromagnetic wave - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a device and a method for decomposing stable chemical substances such as organic chlorine compounds. SOLUTION: An oscillator 201 generating electromagnetic wave, an antenna 202 transmitting and radiating the electromagnetic wave, and a mixture of chemical substances to be decomposed and a reaction auxiliary agent for decomposing the chemical substances are inputted into the device which is provided with an output pipe 203 for discharging the chemical substances decomposed by radiating the electromagnetic wave into the chemical substances and the reaction auxiliary agent, and on the antenna or in the pipe a catalyst 204 are placed for promoting reaction.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for decomposing chemical substances, and more particularly to a method for decomposing stable chemical substances such as various dyes, PCB (polychlorinated biphenyl) and dioxin (polychlorinated dibenzo-paradioxin). It relates to a method and an apparatus suitable for use.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Decomposition apparatuses and methods for accelerating the decomposition of dioxin and the like, which are harmful to living organisms and known as extremely stable chemical substances, by injecting microwaves into flue gas have been conventionally known. Various proposals have been made. For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-299762 proposes a pollutant gas removal method in which a pollutant gas in a gas is irradiated with microwaves to be decomposed. Further, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-123317 proposes a device that simultaneously irradiates a stack with a contaminated gas with microwaves and removes dioxin in the combustion gas by using a photocatalyst in that portion. Further, for example, JP 2000
In the -5564 publication, a high-temperature heat-resistant heating element through which the primary smoke is ventilated is installed in the secondary combustion device that treats the primary smoke,
A flue gas treatment device capable of dioxin treatment by irradiating the part with microwaves has been proposed. Each of these prior arts is directed to polluting gases.

[0003]

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a stable chemical substance (various dyes, PCs, etc.) applicable to waste liquids and the like, including pollutant gases.
B, an organic chlorine compound such as dioxin). Another object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus and a method for reducing costs.

[0004]

The method of the present invention, which provides means for solving the above-mentioned problems, comprises a chemical substance to be decomposed and a reaction auxiliary (such as an oxidizing agent or a reducing agent) for decomposing the chemical substance. ) Is mixed, and the mixture is irradiated with electromagnetic waves to accelerate the reaction and perform decomposition.

[0005] The apparatus of the present invention comprises a means for generating electromagnetic waves, a means for transmitting and irradiating the electromagnetic waves, a chemical substance to be decomposed, and a reaction aid for decomposing the chemical substance. And a means for generating and outputting a decomposed chemical substance by irradiating the input chemical substance and the reaction assistant with electromagnetic waves and decomposing the chemical substance.

[0006]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION In an embodiment of the present invention, a chemical substance to be decomposed and a reaction auxiliary (oxidizing agent, reducing agent, etc.) for decomposing the chemical substance are mixed and irradiated with electromagnetic waves. Accelerates reaction and decomposes. As a method of irradiating the electromagnetic wave, an antenna, a cavity, a waveguide, or the like is used.

In the embodiment of the present invention, a catalyst may be coated on the antenna surface or placed in the cavity to promote the reaction.

An embodiment of the present invention comprises a first means for generating an electromagnetic wave (101 in FIG. 1, 202 in FIG. 2, etc.) and a second means for transmitting and irradiating the electromagnetic wave (102 in FIG. 1). ,
2, etc.) and a chemical substance to be decomposed and a reaction aid for decomposing the chemical substance are input from the input end, transferred to the output end, and then on the path from the output end to the output end. ,
An electromagnetic wave is emitted from the second means, and a third means (103, FIG. 1) for outputting a decomposed chemical substance from an output end.
203 in FIG. 2).

In the embodiment of the present invention, a catalyst for accelerating the reaction (105, FIG. 1)
2 etc. of FIG. 2) are arranged.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the means for transmitting and irradiating the electromagnetic wave comprises a waveguide, a cavity, or an antenna.

[0011]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention;

[First Embodiment] A first embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the first embodiment of the present invention, a microwave waveguide is used. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the configuration of the first exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 1, a first embodiment of the present invention includes an oscillator 101 and a waveguide 102,
The waveguide 102 includes a pipe 103 therein, and the pipe 103 partially surrounds an electromagnetic wave shield 104 around the pipe 103.
Is provided. The chemical substance to be decomposed before the reaction and the reaction assistant 110 are introduced from the input end of the pipe 103, and the decomposed chemical substance 111 after the reaction is output from the output end.
A reaction promoting catalyst 105 is provided in the pipe 103 and includes a cavity adjusting ferrite 106 serving as a magnetic field generating means.

Electromagnetic wave 100 output from oscillator 101
Is guided directly to the waveguide 102 (or may be guided from the waveguide to the cavity). The electromagnetic wave using the waveguide 102 generally has a short wavelength and is used in a microwave region, for example, a home microwave oven (2.45 GHz).

In the waveguide 102, a portion where the energy density of the electromagnetic wave is high and a portion where the energy density is low are unevenly distributed.

The energy density of electromagnetic waves is unevenly distributed.
It is a kind of cavity (it functions equivalently as a cavity), and ferrite 106 for adjusting the cavity is used.
(Ferrite for cavity adjustment) is installed, and its position and the like are variably adjusted from the outside.

Since a chemical reaction is promoted in a portion having a high energy density, a solvent in which a chemical substance to be decomposed and a reaction aid are mixed is flowed through the portion. This may be in a gaseous state.

The pipe 103 through which a chemical substance flows is made of a member through which electromagnetic waves can easily pass. In this embodiment, a catalyst 105 for promoting the reaction is provided.

In this embodiment, an electromagnetic wave shield 104 is provided around a part of the pipe 103 in order to prevent the electromagnetic wave from being absorbed by an extra portion. At the input end and the output end of the pipe 103, openable and closable lids (not shown) are provided, and the mixture of the chemical substance and the reaction assistant is mechanically sealed (confined) during the reaction, and decomposed after the reaction. It may be configured to discharge a chemical substance.

[Embodiment 2] Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. In this embodiment, a dipole antenna (dipole antenna) is used for electromagnetic wave irradiation, and an electromagnetic wave having a longer wavelength is used as compared with the first embodiment. An oscillator of a long wavelength electromagnetic wave is superior in cost to a short wavelength oscillator. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the configuration of the second embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 2, a second embodiment of the present invention includes an oscillator 201 and a dipole antenna 20.
2, a metal tube 203 for shielding electromagnetic waves, a chemical substance to be decomposed before the reaction and a reaction aid 210 are introduced from an input end of the metal tube 203, and a decomposed chemical substance 211 after the reaction is introduced from an output end. Is output.

In the dipole antenna 202, the length of the antenna is a half wavelength, and the energy of the electromagnetic wave is concentrated at the center thereof, but changes due to the presence of the metal tube 203. Therefore, conditions (design dimensions, oscillator power, energy, etc.)
Optimum design is made according to.

The cross section of the metal tube 203 is arbitrary, and may be a circle or a rectangle. The metal tube 203 has both a shielding function for preventing electromagnetic waves from leaking to the outside and a function for concentrating electromagnetic waves to promote a chemical reaction.

In the second embodiment, the surface of the antenna 202 is coated with a catalytic substance (for example, a platinum film). This may be similarly coated on the inner wall of the metal tube 203.

[Embodiment 3] Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described. In this embodiment, a coaxial antenna is used for electromagnetic wave irradiation. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the configuration of the third exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 3, a third embodiment of the present invention includes an oscillator 301 and a coaxial antenna 302.
A coaxial antenna 302 comprising a core shaft 305 forming an antenna unipolar and a metal tube forming an antenna unipolar; and a metal tube 303 (concentric with the coaxial antenna 302) for shielding electromagnetic waves. A chemical substance to be decomposed before the reaction and the reaction assistant 310 are introduced from the end, and a decomposed chemical substance 311 after the reaction is output from the output end.

In the coaxial antenna 302, basically, electromagnetic waves leaking to the outside are extremely reduced. It is also an antenna that supports relatively high frequencies. Since the electromagnetic wave energy is concentrated between the central core axis 305 and the peripheral metal tube 303 (coaxial antenna 302), the structure is suitable for flowing a chemical substance into that portion. The surface in contact with each chemical substance is coated with a catalytic substance or the antenna itself is made of the catalytic substance 304. The catalyst substance may be arranged inside the coaxial antenna 302 (inside the metal tube) as in the first embodiment. The catalytic substance is disposed in a portion where the electromagnetic wave energy is concentrated. Regarding the antenna shape, besides the one shown in FIG.
Various modifications are applied.

Embodiment 4 Next, a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described. In this embodiment, a parallel antenna is used for electromagnetic wave irradiation. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the configuration of the fourth embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 4, a fourth embodiment of the present invention includes an oscillator 401, a parallel electrode 402 connected to the oscillator 401 and forming a parallel antenna (antenna single pole), and a pipe 403 containing the parallel electrode 402. The chemical substance to be decomposed before the reaction and the reaction aid 410 are introduced from the input end of the pipe 403, and the decomposed chemical substance 411 after the reaction is output from the output end.

In this embodiment, a parallel electrode type (parallel plate type electrode) antenna is installed in the pipe 3 through which the reactant flows, and when the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave is shorter than that of the electrode,
A uniform electric field (electric field) is spatially applied between the electrodes 402.

In the above embodiment, a high-frequency power supply is used as a power supply, but a high-voltage impulse power supply may be used. This is because, when operated at a duty of 10 −3 / cycle, an extremely large electric field (electric field) is generated in the parallel electrode plate 402 as compared with the normal AC operation. Since the electric field acts directly on the electrons in the chemical substance, a large chemical reaction can be expected. Also in this case, a catalyst is used.

FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining the duty. The time during which the voltage V1 is applied is t1, and then t2
During this time, no voltage is applied. In this case, duty = t1 / (t1 + t2) (1).

Therefore, the chemical reaction takes place within the time t1. Power supply systems are known where the time of t1 is microseconds and the time of t2 is milliseconds, and a large electric field can be generated for a short time (but long enough for a chemical reaction to occur).

[Embodiment 5] Next, a fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described. In this embodiment, a heater / flow controller is added upstream of the antenna. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the configuration of the fifth embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 6, a fifth embodiment of the present invention includes an oscillator 601, a dipole antenna 602, and a metal tube 603, and a heater / flow controller 605 upstream of the antenna 602 of the metal tube 603. It has. The chemical substance to be decomposed before the reaction and the reaction assistant 610 are introduced from the input end of the metal tube 603, and the decomposed chemical substance 611 after the reaction is output from the output end. The antenna 602 may be a coaxial type or a parallel plate electrode.

If the reaction between the substance to be chemically decomposed and its reaction assistant is an endothermic reaction or the reaction greatly changes depending on the temperature, the chemical substance is heated before the electromagnetic wave treatment. You may. This may be before or after mixing with the auxiliaries.

If the chemical reaction is exothermic and the temperature rises too high, a cooler may be used.

Since the chemical reaction varies depending on the external conditions, a flow controller for adjusting the flow rate of the mixed chemical substance is provided so that the chemical reaction proceeds optimally.

Embodiment 6 Next, a sixth embodiment of the present invention will be described. In this embodiment, a pressurizer / stirrer is added. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the configuration of the sixth embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 7, a sixth embodiment of the present invention includes an oscillator 701, a dipole antenna 702, and a metal tube 703, and the metal tube 703 includes a mixing pump 7
05 (with a stirrer) and a pressure pump 706. The chemical substance to be decomposed before the reaction and the reaction assistant 710 are introduced from the input end of the metal tube 703, and the decomposed chemical substance 711 after the reaction is output from the output end. The antenna 70
2 may be a coaxial type or a parallel plate electrode.

The pressure is increased by a pressure pump 706 to promote a chemical reaction. In order to mix chemical substances well, a mixing pump 705 is provided as a stirrer. Mixing pump 705
When is made of a metal member, electromagnetic waves can also be stirred.

[Embodiment 7] As a seventh embodiment, the results of an experiment will be described with reference to FIG. In this experiment, a test tube is used as a tube for temporarily generating a mixture of a chemical substance to be decomposed and an auxiliary agent and generating a decomposed chemical substance, instead of a pipe for transferring a solvent.

A test tube 801 is filled with distilled water / 10% hydrogen peroxide solution (solution 2) 805 and chlorobenzene / dichlorobenzene (chemical substance 3) 804. That is, chlorobenzene is prepared as a stable chemical substance to be decomposed,
Prepare hydrogen peroxide / water as a reaction aid. Since these have different specific gravities, they are separated into respective layers in the test tube 801. A stainless steel rod 802 having a length of 150 mm and a diameter of 5 mm was placed in a test tube 801. The surface of the stainless steel bar 802 is coated with platinum. As the electromagnetic wave, a 2.45 GHz microwave 800 used in a home microwave oven was used. Test tube 80
1 stainless steel rod 802
It has two wavelengths and has a function of concentrating a kind of electromagnetic wave energy. The surface of the stainless steel bar 802 is coated with platinum so as to promote a chemical reaction. As the catalyst layer, other than platinum, palladium, rhodium, strontium oxide, or the like may be used.

In the experiment, the temperature of the solvent was kept at 100 ° C., and the pressure was slightly higher than the atmospheric pressure by closing the lid 803, but the pressure was almost the atmospheric pressure, and the irradiation time of the electromagnetic wave was 5 minutes. Preliminary experiments have shown that microwaves are well absorbed by distilled water / hydrogen peroxide solution, but hardly absorbed by chlorobenzene and dichlorobenzene. Further, when chlorobenzene or the like is decomposed, chlorine is separated in the solvent, and the degree of decomposition can be known by detecting the chlorine by an ion chromatography method.

The microwaves are absorbed by the solution 2 and the temperature of the chemical / stainless steel bar 802 in the test will increase. The following samples were tested using this experimental apparatus. It is shown in Table 1. The sample names are A, B, C, and D, respectively.

[Table 1]

In the experiment, in order to examine the effect of the microwave, the case where the temperature was simply kept at 100 ° C. and the case where the microwave was irradiated were compared. Table 2 shows the results of each experiment.
(Microwave irradiation) and Table 3 (non-irradiation).

[Table 2] (Microwave irradiation)

[Table 3] (No microwave irradiation) Note) 0.0 ^* is below the detection limit

As described above, in the samples A and B, chlorine was hardly separated by simply increasing the temperature, and distilled water and the solvent before the experiment remained separated. Also, when hydrogen peroxide solution was used, chlorine was slightly detected.

On the other hand, in the experiment irradiated with microwaves, chlorine was slightly detected even with distilled water alone, and in the case of sample C, almost all of chlorine was quantitatively separated from chlorobenzene. .

In the test after the experiment, it was found that the solution and the chemical substance were mixed and became opaque, and the chemical reaction proceeded as a whole.

Therefore, the effect of the microwave could be clearly shown. Similarly, an experiment was conducted on the effect of a stainless steel rod, and the effect was clarified.

Thus, experiments have demonstrated the principle of promoting the reaction / decomposition of chemical substances by microwaves even in such a liquid-like substance.

The present invention is not limited to the application of pollutant gases in flue gas as in the prior art disclosed in the above-mentioned patent publications, but may also be applied to waste liquids from chemical factories and the like. And In particular, it is difficult to decompose stable chemical substances such as dyes, and at present it is decomposed by putting a catalyst in extremely high temperature and high pressure, and the range is expanded to such uses.

Further, in the prior art, only the use of microwaves is disclosed. However, since the direct action that promotes the chemical reaction is considered to be an electric field, not only microwaves but also a wider range of electromagnetic waves are used. In particular, if the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave is longer than that of the microwave, the cost of the oscillator per unit output is greatly reduced, which is industrially advantageous. In this case, the use of an antenna is indispensable to concentrate electromagnetic energy,
An antenna / cavity is installed inside / outside a reaction tower (piping) to promote the reaction.

Further, since the antenna is provided in a part of the portion where the electromagnetic wave energy is concentrated, a catalytic substance is applied to the surface of the antenna, or the catalytic substance is disposed in the vicinity thereof.

By using a pulse power source as a power source, an extremely strong electric field is applied in a short time (but longer than the time when a chemical reaction occurs).

Further, depending on the application, the pressure / temperature / flow rate may be adjusted to promote a chemical reaction. Such a configuration is difficult to apply to exhaust gas treatment.

[0054]

As described above, according to the present invention,
The present invention has a remarkable effect that it is suitable for decomposing chemical substances in polluted gas and is applicable to decomposing chemical substances in waste liquid.

According to the present invention, not only microwaves but also a wider range of electromagnetic waves can be used. If the wavelength of the electromagnetic waves is longer than that of the microwaves, the cost of the oscillator per unit output is greatly reduced. It is industrially superior.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a first exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a configuration of a second exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a configuration of a third exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a configuration of a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining a duty in a pulse power supply.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a configuration of a fifth exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a configuration of a sixth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a configuration of a seventh example (experiment) of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 100 electromagnetic wave 101 oscillator 102 waveguide / cavity 103 pipe 104 electromagnetic wave shield 105 reaction promoting catalyst 106 cavity adjusting ferrite 110 mixture of decomposable chemical substance and reaction aid 111 decomposed chemical substance 201 oscillator 202 dipole antenna 203 electromagnetic shield Tube for reaction 204 Reaction promoting catalyst 210 Mixture of decomposable chemical substance and reaction aid 211 Decomposed chemical substance 301 Oscillator 302 Coaxial antenna 303 Metal tube 304 Reaction promoting catalyst 305 Core 310 Reaction with decomposable chemical substance Mixture of auxiliaries 311 Decomposed chemical substance 401 Oscillator 402 Parallel electrode 403 Metal tube 404 Reaction promoting catalyst 410 Mixture of decomposed chemical substance and reaction auxiliaries 411 Decomposed chemical substance 601 Oscillator 602 Antenna 603 Metal tube for electromagnetic wave shielding 604 Catalyst for promoting reaction 605 Heater & flow controller 610 Mixture of decomposing chemical substance and reaction assistant 611 Decomposed chemical substance 601 Oscillator 702 Antenna 703 Metal tube for electromagnetic wave shielding 704 Reaction promotion Catalyst 705 Mixing pump (stirrer) 706 Pressure pump 710 Mixture of decomposable chemical substance and reaction aid 711 Decomposed chemical substance 800 Microwave 801 Test tube 802 Stainless steel rod 803 Lid 804 Chemical substance (chlorobenzene / dichlorobenzene) ) 805 Solution 2 (distilled water / hydrogen peroxide solution)

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Noriyuki Sugiyama 3-77 Minatomachi, Tokoname-shi, Aichi F-term in Inax Corporation (reference) 2E191 BA12 BA13 BD00 BD11 BD13 4G075 AA37 BA05 CA24 CA54 4H006 AA05 AC13 AC26

Claims (33)

[Claims] 1. A first means for generating an electromagnetic wave, a second means for transmitting and irradiating the electromagnetic wave, and a chemical substance to be decomposed and a reaction assistant for decomposing the chemical substance are inputted. The second chemical means is irradiated with an electromagnetic wave from the second means to output the decomposed chemical substance to the input chemical substance and the reaction assistant.
An apparatus for decomposing chemical substances using electromagnetic waves, comprising: 2. A chemical substance using electromagnetic waves according to claim 1, wherein a catalyst for accelerating a reaction is disposed in said second means and / or said third means. Decomposition equipment. 3. A pipe for inputting a chemical substance to be decomposed and a reaction aid for decomposing the chemical substance from an input end and transferring the chemical substance to an output end. On the path leading to the output end, the electromagnetic wave is irradiated on the chemical substance to be decomposed and the reaction aid, and from the output end, comprises a tube that outputs the decomposed chemical substance. The apparatus for decomposing chemical substances using electromagnetic waves according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein said second means comprises a waveguide, a cavity,
4. The apparatus for decomposing chemical substances using electromagnetic waves according to claim 1, wherein the apparatus comprises an antenna. 5. The electromagnetic wave according to claim 1, wherein the chemical substance and the reaction assistant are transferred to the third means in a solvent or gas state in which the chemical substance and the reaction assistant are mixed. Chemical decomposition equipment using 6. An oscillator for generating an electromagnetic wave, a waveguide for guiding the electromagnetic wave, and a mixture of a chemical substance to be decomposed and a reaction aid for decomposing the chemical substance, are inputted from an input end. A pipe that is introduced into the waveguide, extends inside the waveguide, is led out of the waveguide, and outputs a decomposed chemical substance from an output end thereof. An apparatus for decomposing chemical substances using electromagnetic waves. 7. An apparatus for decomposing a chemical substance using electromagnetic waves according to claim 6, wherein said pipe is made of a member transmitting electromagnetic waves. 8. An apparatus for decomposing a chemical substance using electromagnetic waves according to claim 6, wherein an electromagnetic wave shielding means is provided around a part of said pipe. 9. An apparatus for decomposing a chemical substance using electromagnetic waves according to claim 6, wherein a cavity-adjusting means for generating a magnetic field is provided in a portion forming a cavity of said pipe. 10. An apparatus for decomposing a chemical substance using electromagnetic waves according to claim 6, wherein said cavity adjusting means is made of ferrite. 11. An apparatus for decomposing a chemical substance using electromagnetic waves according to claim 6, wherein the position of said cavity adjusting means in said pipe is variable. 12. The apparatus for decomposing a chemical substance using electromagnetic waves according to claim 6, wherein a catalyst for promoting a reaction is provided in said pipe. 13. The apparatus for decomposing a chemical substance using electromagnetic waves according to claim 6, wherein a catalyst for accelerating a reaction is provided in a portion of said pipe forming said cavity. 14. An oscillator for generating an electromagnetic wave, an antenna for transmitting and irradiating the generated electromagnetic wave, accommodating the antenna, and reacting with a chemical substance to be decomposed before reaction from an input terminal upstream of the antenna. Auxiliaries are entered,
A pipe through which the decomposed chemical substance after the reaction is output from an output end downstream of the antenna, wherein: a device for decomposing a chemical substance using electromagnetic waves. 15. An apparatus for decomposing a chemical substance using electromagnetic waves according to claim 14, wherein said antenna comprises a dipole antenna. 16. An apparatus for decomposing chemical substances using electromagnetic waves according to claim 14, wherein said antenna comprises a coaxial antenna. 17. The apparatus for decomposing a chemical substance using electromagnetic waves according to claim 14, wherein said antenna is provided with plate-shaped electrodes facing each other. 18. The method according to claim 14, wherein the tube is made of a metal member.
Decomposition device for chemical substances using electromagnetic waves. 19. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a catalyst substance for promoting a reaction is provided on a surface of said antenna.
The apparatus for decomposing a chemical substance using electromagnetic waves according to any one of Items 4 to 17. 20. The reaction system according to claim 14, wherein a catalyst substance for promoting a reaction is disposed on the inner wall of the tube.
The apparatus for decomposing a chemical substance using electromagnetic waves according to any one of claims 7 to 10. 21. The apparatus for decomposing chemical substances using electromagnetic waves according to claim 17, wherein said oscillator is driven by a pulse power supply. 22. The electromagnetic wave as claimed in claim 14, wherein the pipe is provided with one of a heating means and a cooling means and / or a flow rate adjusting means. Decomposition equipment for used chemical substances. 23. The apparatus for decomposing chemical substances using electromagnetic waves according to claim 14, wherein said pipe is provided with a stirring means and / or a pressurizing means. . 24. The apparatus for decomposing a chemical substance using electromagnetic waves according to claim 1, wherein the reaction assistant comprises an oxidizing agent or a reducing agent. 25. The apparatus for decomposing a chemical substance using electromagnetic waves according to any one of claims 1, 6, 14 to 17, wherein the electromagnetic waves are microwaves. 26. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said electromagnetic wave has a longer wavelength than a microwave.
The apparatus for decomposing a chemical substance using electromagnetic waves according to any one of claims 7 to 10. 27. A chemical substance to be decomposed is mixed with a chemical substance to be decomposed and a reaction assistant for decomposing the chemical substance, and the mixture is irradiated with electromagnetic waves to accelerate the reaction to decompose the chemical substance. A method for decomposing chemical substances using electromagnetic waves. 28. An oscillator for generating an electromagnetic wave, comprising: a waveguide;
28. The method for decomposing a chemical substance using electromagnetic waves according to claim 27, wherein the electromagnetic waves are irradiated using one of a cavity and an antenna. 29. The method according to claim 27, wherein the electromagnetic wave is irradiated by an antenna connected to an oscillator that generates the electromagnetic wave, and a catalyst is coated on the antenna surface to promote a reaction. How to decompose the chemicals used. 30. The chemical substance using electromagnetic waves according to claim 27, wherein a catalyst is provided in a path for transferring the chemical substance to be decomposed and the reaction assistant to promote the reaction. Decomposition method. 31. The method according to claim 27, wherein the electromagnetic wave is a microwave. 32. The electromagnetic wave according to claim 27, wherein the electromagnetic wave is irradiated by an antenna connected to an oscillator that generates the electromagnetic wave, and the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave is longer than that of the microwave. How to decompose the chemicals used. 33. The chemical substance using electromagnetic waves according to claim 26, wherein the chemical substance and the reaction assistant are transported in the pipe in a mixed solvent or gas state. Decomposition method.