JP2002206546A - Needle bearing - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a needle bearing low in cost while having sufficient bearing performance against radial load and axial load to solve a problem resulting from defective lubrication. SOLUTION: This needle bearing 20 comprises a shell outer ring 32 forming a bearing space continued to the outer peripheral face 1b side and the end face 1a side of a rotating shaft 1, a radial side needle 24 disposed in the bearing space on the outer peripheral face side with the rolling surface thereof in contact with both of the inner peripheral surface of the shell outer ring and the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft, and a thrust side needle 30 disposed in the bearing space on the end face side with the rolling surface thereof in contact with an annular rotating race 27 disposed along the end face of the rotating shaft. A plurality rows of grooves are radially formed in the end face of the rotating shaft, and the rotating race comes into contact with the end face to provide a communication passage 36 for communicating the bearing space on the outer peripheral face side to the bearing space on the end face side between the end face and the rotating race.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an improved needle bearing used for a rotor portion of an automatic transmission, a manual transmission, an air compressor for a car cooler, etc. of an automobile, and a bearing portion of a general industrial machine.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 20 shows a bearing for supporting a rotating shaft 1 of a rotor portion of an air compressor for a car cooler, for example, a radial needle bearing 2 for bearing a radial load, and a thrust bearing for bearing an axial load. Two types of bearings, the needle bearing 3 and the needle bearing 3, are used.

[0003] The radial needle bearing 2 includes a plurality of needles 5 rotatably held by a retainer 4 and a shell-shaped outer ring 6. The outer ring 6 is fitted and fixed in a recess 7 a of a housing 7. The rolling surfaces of the plurality of needles 5 are in contact with the inner surface of the outer race 6 and the rotating shaft 1 to support the radial load applied between the housing 7 and the rotating shaft 1, while controlling the relative rotation between the housing 7 and the rotating shaft 1. It is free.

[0004] The thrust needle bearing 3 contacts a plurality of needles 9 rotatably held by a retainer 8, a fixed race 10 provided on the housing 7 side, and an end face 1 a of the rotating shaft 1. And a rotating race 11 sandwiching the plurality of needles 9 with the fixed-side race 10. The thrust needle bearing 3 supports an axial load applied to the rotating shaft 1 while the rotating race 11 rotates.

[0005]

By the way, the bearing shown in FIG. 20 has a large number of parts because the radial needle bearing 2 and the thrust needle bearing 3 are incorporated at positions apart from each other, and many bearings are incorporated in each bearing. It is unavoidable that labor and time are consumed and the cost is increased.

In the bearing of FIG. 20, lubricating oil is supplied to the concave portion 7a of the housing 7, and an oil film is formed on the rolling surfaces of the radial needle bearing 2 and the thrust needle bearing 3 to reduce sliding friction. Although the frictional heat is taken off to the outside, for example, when lubricating oil is supplied from the arrow A, the rotating race 11 of the thrust needle bearing 3 almost prevents the flow of the lubricating oil from the radial needle bearing 2 side to the thrust needle bearing 3. It is possible to prevent the thrust needle bearing 3 from burning or locking. Further, since the rotation race 11 of the thrust needle bearing 3 is not restrained from moving in the radial direction, it may be eccentric with respect to the axis of the rotary shaft 1 during installation. May move and become eccentric. When the rotating race 11 is eccentric as described above, there is a possibility that problems such as a reduction in the life of the thrust needle bearing 3, abnormal friction, and bearing lock may occur.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and a first object is to provide an inexpensive bearing while exhibiting sufficient bearing performance with respect to radial loads and axial loads, and to cause poor lubrication. A second object of the present invention is to provide a needle bearing which can solve the problem described above, and has a sufficient bearing performance as in the first object to thereby provide an inexpensive bearing while preventing eccentricity of a rotating race. Accordingly, the present invention provides a needle bearing that can eliminate problems such as a shortened bearing life, abnormal friction, and bearing lock.

[0008]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a needle bearing according to a first aspect of the present invention comprises an outer peripheral surface of a rotary shaft that surrounds an outer peripheral surface near an end surface of the rotary shaft and near the end surface. A shell-shaped outer ring defining a continuous bearing space on the surface side and the end face side; and a rolling surface contacting both the inner peripheral surface of the shell-shaped outer ring and the outer peripheral surface of the rotary shaft in the bearing space on the outer peripheral surface side. A plurality of radial side needles arranged in contact with each other, and a plurality of rolling surfaces arranged in contact with a ring-shaped rotating race arranged along the end face of the rotating shaft in the bearing space on the end face side. A thrust-side needle, and lubricating oil supplied to the rotating shaft or the rotating race, the bearing space on the outer peripheral surface side and the bearing space on the end surface side, from one bearing space to the other bearing space. A lubricating oil passage for guiding was provided.

According to the present invention, a continuous bearing space is defined on the outer peripheral surface side and the end surface side of the rotary shaft by the shell-shaped outer ring, and the radial needle and the thrust needle are arranged in the bearing space. Reduction is achieved. Since both the radial load and the axial load are simultaneously supported by the bearing structure having a small number of parts, each part can be easily assembled in a short time.

According to the present invention, lubricating oil supplied to the rotating shaft or the rotating race to the bearing space on the outer peripheral surface side and the bearing space on the end surface side is guided from one bearing space to the other bearing space. Since the oil passage is provided, the lubricating oil passing through the lubricating oil passage surely flows to both the radial side needle and the thrust side needle, so that the radial side needle and the thrust side needle are not burned or locked.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the needle bearing according to the first aspect, a circular groove is formed on one of an end surface of the rotating shaft or a side surface of the rotating race facing the end surface, In the tangential direction of the peripheral wall of the circular groove, at least one groove extending from the circular groove in the direction in which the rotating shaft rotates and reaching the outer periphery is formed, and the end surface of the rotating shaft and the side surface of the rotating race are abutted. Thus, the lubricating oil passage is provided between the end face and the side face.

In this way, an opening of the communication passage is defined on the outer periphery between the end face of the rotating shaft and the rotating race, and the opening is oriented in the rotating direction of the rotating shaft. When the opening is oriented in the rotation direction of the rotating shaft, the lubricating oil easily flows into the communication passage, or the lubricating oil in the communication passage easily flows out from the opening. And, as the rotation speed of the rotating shaft increases, a large amount of lubricating oil comes into and out of the communication passage, so that even when the rotating shaft rotates at high speed, insufficient lubrication of the radial side needle and the thrust side needle is ensured. Can be eliminated.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the needle bearing according to the first aspect, an axial hole is formed at an axial position of an end face of the rotary shaft, and the rotary shaft communicates with the axial hole. An elongated hole is formed that opens on the outer peripheral surface of the shaft hole. Formed as holes.

With this configuration, the opening that opens on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft is oriented in the rotating direction of the rotating shaft. When the opening is oriented in the rotation direction of the rotating shaft, the lubricating oil easily flows into the communication passage, or the lubricating oil in the communication passage easily flows out from the opening. And, as the rotation speed of the rotating shaft increases, a large amount of lubricating oil comes into and out of the communication passage, so that even when the rotating shaft rotates at high speed, insufficient lubrication of the radial side needle and the thrust side needle is ensured. Can be eliminated.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the needle bearing surrounds an outer peripheral surface near the end surface of the rotary shaft and the end surface to define a bearing space continuous with the outer peripheral surface and the end surface of the rotary shaft. An outer ring, a plurality of radial-side needles arranged in a bearing space on the outer peripheral surface side with a rolling surface in contact with both an inner peripheral surface of the shell-shaped outer ring and an outer peripheral surface of the rotary shaft, and the end surface side An annular rotating race in contact with the end surface of the rotating shaft in the bearing space of the bearing space, and a plurality of thrust-side needles arranged with the rolling surface in contact with the rotating race while being held by a retainer. In addition, an eccentricity regulating portion for regulating the eccentricity of the rotating race with respect to the rotating shaft is provided on both the rotating shaft and the rotating race, or on both the retainer and the rotating race.

With this configuration, the rotating race can be incorporated coaxially with the axis of the rotating shaft, and the rotating race does not become eccentric during rotation of the rotating shaft. Therefore, a reduction in the life of the thrust side needle, abnormal friction, bearing lock, and the like are prevented. Further, the needle bearing according to claim 5 includes a large-diameter shaft portion and a small-diameter shaft portion, and a rotary shaft having a stepped surface between the large-diameter shaft portion and the small-diameter shaft portion, and a small-diameter shaft of the rotary shaft. A shell-shaped outer ring that defines a bearing space on the small-diameter shaft portion side and the step portion side of the rotating shaft by surrounding the portion side and the step surface side, and an inner peripheral surface of the shell-shaped outer ring in the bearing space on the small diameter shaft portion side And a plurality of radial needles arranged with their rolling surfaces in contact with both the outer peripheral surface of the small diameter shaft portion and the outer diameter of the small diameter shaft portion, and abutting against the step surface of the bearing space on the step surface side. And a plurality of thrust-side needles arranged with the rolling surface in contact with the rotating race while being held by the retainer, and
The inner diameter of the opening of the rotating race was set to be substantially the same as the outer diameter of the small diameter shaft portion of the rotating shaft.

In this manner, the rotating race does not become eccentric even during rotation of the rotating shaft, thereby preventing a reduction in the life of the thrust side needle, abnormal friction, bearing lock, and the like. In addition, the needle bearing according to claim 6 includes a large-diameter shaft portion and a small-diameter shaft portion, and a rotary shaft having a stepped surface between the large-diameter shaft portion and the small-diameter shaft portion, and a rotary shaft provided outside the large-diameter shaft portion. A small-diameter cylindrical portion surrounding the small-diameter shaft portion is provided as a small-diameter cylindrical shape, and a bent portion is provided at one end of the small-diameter cylindrical portion to extend radially outward, and the step is formed at a radially outward end. A shell-shaped outer ring that defines a bearing space on the side of the small-diameter shaft portion and the step portion of the rotating shaft by providing a large-diameter cylindrical portion surrounding a surface and a part of the large-diameter shaft portion; and a bearing on the small-diameter shaft portion side A plurality of radial-side needles having rolling surfaces in contact with both the inner peripheral surface of the shell-shaped outer ring and the outer peripheral surface of the small-diameter shaft portion, which are spaces; and the step surface which is a bearing space on the step surface side. And a ring-shaped rotating race that abuts the outer peripheral side of the ring, and a ring-shaped ring that is approximately the same size as this rotating race. A plurality of thrust-side needles arranged with the rolling surface in contact with the rotating race while being held by the retainer, and a space is provided inside a circular hole provided at the center of the retainer and the rotating race. The bent portion of the shell-shaped outer ring is located in this space.

According to this structure, the same effect as that of the third aspect can be obtained, and when the needle bearing of the present invention is incorporated in a supporting position for supporting the rotating shaft, it is provided at the center of the retainer and the rotating race. The bent portion of the shell-shaped outer ring located in the space provided inside the circular hole can be easily assembled simply by applying a pushing load toward the bearing position. At this time, since the thrust-side needle, the radial-side needle, and the members supporting them are not directly subjected to the pushing load, damages such as indentations and deformation can be prevented.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the needle bearing according to any one of the first to sixth aspects, the shell-shaped outer ring has a substantially cylindrical shape as a whole by bending a metal plate. The shell-shaped outer ring was formed by folding an axial end. With this configuration, the opening of the shell-shaped outer ring is widened by folding back the end portion. For example, even when a highly viscous lubricating oil is used, the lubricating oil easily passes through the radial side needle and the thrust side needle.

Further, the invention described in claim 8 is the first invention.
8. The needle bearing according to any one of claims 7 to 7, further comprising: a flange that protrudes radially outward at one axial end of a retainer that holds the thrust-side needle; The retainer was arranged such that the dimension was larger than the inner diameter of the axial end of the outer ring, and the flange was brought into contact with the side surface of the axial end of the shell-shaped outer race from the outside.

[0021] In this case, even if the retainer provided with the flange at one end tries to escape from the other end in the axial direction, the flange is locked to the axial end of the shell-shaped outer ring. The holding portion is prevented from coming off. Further, when the axial end of the shell-shaped outer ring is formed by folding back as in the invention of claim 7, when the retainer tries to come out to one end side in the axial direction, the folded portion moves the radial needle. And the radial side needle prevents the retainer from coming off. Therefore, since the radial retainer is configured not to come off, the radial load of the rotating shaft can be reliably supported.

[0022]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. The same components as those of the bearing shown in FIG. 20 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted. FIGS. 1 to 11 show the first to fifth embodiments of the first to fifth embodiments, which can provide an inexpensive bearing while exhibiting sufficient bearing performance against radial loads and axial loads, and can solve problems caused by poor lubrication. 3 shows a needle bearing.

First, FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a main part in an axial direction showing a needle bearing 20 of a first embodiment for supporting a radial load and an axial load of a rotary shaft 1, and FIG. 2 is a rotary shaft of the first embodiment. FIG. 2 is a view showing a shape of an end face 1a of the first embodiment. The needle bearing 20 is held by a radial-side retainer 22 having a cylindrical shape and has an outer peripheral surface 1 b near an end surface 1 a of the rotating shaft 1.
And an annular rotating race 27 held along a wavy thrust side retainer 26 and arranged along the end face 1a of the rotating shaft 1 and an annular rotating race 27 arranged opposite to the rotating race 27. The plurality of thrust needles 30 abutting between the fixed races 28 and the radial needles 24 abut on the inner peripheral surface 33, and
And a shell-shaped outer ring 32 fitted in the recess 7a of the housing 7 so as to surround the outer peripheral side of the bearing.

The shell-shaped outer ring 32 is a member in which a thin metal member is formed into a cylindrical shape by press working or the like, and both ends are bent at the opening side. One bent portion 32a is bent radially inward at a right angle. The other bent portion 32b is in contact with the outer peripheral side surface of the fixed race 28, and is in contact with the outer periphery of the radial retainer 22 as a shape that is folded back at an angle of 180 ° in the axial direction. Thereby, the shell-shaped outer ring 32 is
A continuous bearing space is defined over the outer peripheral surface 1b and the end surface 1a of the rotating shaft 1.

Here, as shown in FIG. 2, a plurality of grooves 34 are formed radially on the end surface 1a of the rotating shaft 1 from the position of the axis P of the rotating shaft 1 to the position reaching the outer peripheral surface 1b. Have been. When the rotating race 27 abuts on the end surface 1a in which the plurality of grooves 34 are formed, the bearing space on the outer peripheral surface 1b side and the bearing space on the end surface 1a side communicate between the end surface 1a and the rotating race 27. A communication passage 36 is provided.
The communication passage 36 corresponds to a lubricating oil passage of the present invention.

The needle bearing 20 supports a radial load applied between the housing 7 and the rotary shaft 1 while the radial needle 24 rolls between the outer shell 32 and the outer peripheral surface of the rotary shaft 1. The thrust needle 30 rolls between the rotating race 27 and the fixed race 28 to support the axial load applied to the rotating shaft 1. Further, in the needle bearing 20 of the present embodiment, assuming that lubricating oil is supplied from the other bent portion 32b side of the shell-shaped outer ring 32 in the direction of arrow A, the lubricating oil that has flowed in is positioned on the outer peripheral surface 1b side. An oil film is formed on the rolling surface of the radial-side needle 24 to reduce sliding friction, and further flows through the communication passage 36 toward the end face 1a to form an oil film on the rolling surface of the thrust-side needle 30. As a result, sliding friction is reduced, and the generated frictional heat is retained and flows out of the bearing.

According to the needle bearing 20 having the above-described structure, unlike the bearing structure using the two types of bearings 2 and 3 shown in FIG. 20, the shell-shaped outer ring 32 having a simple shape has the outer peripheral surface 1 b and the end surface of the rotating shaft 1. 1a, a continuous bearing space is defined, and the radial side needle 24 and the thrust side needle 30 are arranged in the bearing space. As a bearing structure with a small number of parts, both the radial load and the axial load are simultaneously supported. In addition, each part can be easily incorporated in a short time, and the cost of the bearing can be reduced.

The end face 1a of the rotating shaft 1 has a plurality of grooves 3
The lubricating oil passing through the communication passage 36 is provided with the radial side needle 24 and the thrust side needle 30 by forming the communication path 36 and forming the communication path 36 for communicating the bearing space on the outer peripheral surface 1b side and the bearing space on the end surface 1a side. Therefore, the radial-side needle 24 and the thrust-side needle 30 can be prevented from burning, locking, and the like.

Further, since the other bent portion 32b of the shell-shaped outer ring 32 is turned back at an angle of 180 ° in the axial direction, the opening on the other bent portion 32b side of the shell-shaped outer ring 32 is widened, and for example, a viscous material is formed. Even if a high lubricating oil is used, the lubricating oil can be normally poured toward the radial side needle 24. Here, FIG. 3 and FIG.
3 shows a groove shape of the end face 1a of the rotating shaft 1 which is different from FIG.

A circular groove 35 having a predetermined radius around the axis P of the rotating shaft 1 is formed on the end surface 1a in FIG. 3, and the circular groove 35 is rotated from the circular groove 35 in the tangential direction of the peripheral wall of the circular groove 35. A plurality of straight grooves 37 extending in the direction in which the shaft 1 rotates and reaching the outer peripheral surface 1b are formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. When the rotating race 27 abuts on the end face 1a in which the circular groove 35 and the plurality of grooves 34 are formed, a bearing space on the outer peripheral surface 1b side and a bearing space on the end face 1a side are provided between the end face 1a and the rotating race 27. It defines a communication passage that communicates with.

According to this structure, the opening 37a opened on the outer peripheral surface 1b of the communication passage defined by the linear groove 37 and the rotating race 27 is oriented in the direction of rotation of the rotary shaft 1. Lubricating oil easily flows into the passage,
Alternatively, the lubricating oil in the communication passage easily flows out from the opening 37a to the outside. Then, as the rotation speed of the rotating shaft 1 increases, a large amount of lubricating oil flows in and out of the communication passage. Therefore, even if the rotating shaft 1 rotates at a high speed, the lubrication of the radial side needle 24 and the thrust side needle 30 does not occur. The shortage can be surely eliminated.

FIG. 4 shows a groove shape of the end face 1a of the rotating shaft 1 similar to FIG. In the end face 1a of FIG. 4, a plurality of curvature grooves 39 extending in the direction tangential to the peripheral wall of the circular groove 35 from the circular groove 35 in the direction in which the rotating shaft 1 rotates and reaching the outer peripheral surface 1b are provided at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. Is formed.

According to this structure, the opening 39a opening on the outer peripheral surface 1b of the communication passage provided between the curvature groove 39 and the rotating race 27 rotates with a larger opening area than the opening 37a shown in FIG. Since the shaft 1 is oriented in the rotation direction, a larger amount of lubricating oil flows in and out of the communication passage, so that it is possible to reliably prevent the radial needle 24 and the thrust needle 30 from burning or locking.

Next, FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a main part in the axial direction showing the needle bearing 40 of the second embodiment, and FIG. 6 is a view showing a side surface shape of a rotating race 42 used in the second embodiment. . As shown in FIG. 6, the rotating race 42 of the present embodiment is formed by continuously extending a plurality of grooves 44 radially from the circular opening 42a to the outer peripheral surface 42b. The rotating race 42 in which the plurality of grooves 44 are formed abuts on the flat end surface 1a of the rotating shaft 1, so that the bearing space on the outer peripheral surface 1b side and the end surface 1a are located between the end surface 1a and the rotating race 42.
A communication passage 46 communicating with the a-side bearing space is defined. The communication passage 46 corresponds to the lubricating oil passage of the present invention.

According to the needle bearing 40 having the above-described structure, by forming a plurality of grooves 44 on the side surface of the rotating race 42, the communication passage 46 for communicating the bearing space on the outer peripheral surface 1b side with the bearing space on the end surface 1a side is formed. The lubricating oil passing through the communication passage 46 is supplied to the radial side needle 24 and the thrust side needle 3.
0, the radial side needle 2
4. It is possible to prevent the thrust side needle 30 from burning or locking.

As in the first embodiment, both the radial load and the axial load are simultaneously supported as a bearing structure with a small number of parts, so that each part can be easily assembled in a short time. And the cost of the bearing can be reduced.
The opening on the side of the other bent portion 32b becomes wider, so that even if a highly viscous lubricating oil is used, the lubricating oil can normally flow toward the radial needle 24.

It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the groove shape on the side surface of the rotating race 42 shown in FIG.
As shown in the figure, when a linear groove or a curvature groove extending in the direction in which the rotating shaft 1 rotates is provided, the lubricating oil inlet of the communication passage defined between the end surface 1a and the rotating race 42 is
Since a large amount of lubricating oil flowing into the communication passage from the lubricating oil inlet with the rotation of the rotary shaft 1 is supplied to the radial side needle 24 and the thrust side needle 30, the rotation of the rotary shaft 1 causes the needles 24, 30 to be baked. , Lock and the like can be reliably prevented.

Next, FIG. 7 is a sectional view of a main part in the axial direction showing a needle bearing 50 of a third embodiment. The rotating race 52 of the present embodiment is an annular member smaller than the outer diameter of the fixed race 28. When the rotating race 52 abuts on the end surface 1 a of the rotating shaft 1, the inner peripheral surface 3 of the shell-shaped outer ring 32 is
A communication path 5 that connects the bearing space on the outer peripheral surface 1b side and the bearing space on the end surface 1a side between the outer race surface 3 and the outer peripheral surface of the rotating race 52
4 are defined. The communication passage 54 corresponds to a lubricating oil passage of the present invention.

According to the needle bearing 50 having the above-described structure, the bearing space on the outer peripheral surface 1b and the bearing space on the end surface 1a communicate between the inner peripheral surface 33 of the shell-shaped outer ring 32 and the outer peripheral surface of the rotating race 52. Since the lubricating oil passing through the communication passage 54 flows to both the radial needle 24 and the thrust needle 30 reliably, the radial needle 24 and the thrust needle 30 may be burned or locked. Can be prevented. Then, other effects similar to those of the first embodiment can be obtained.

Next, FIG. 8 is a sectional view of a main part in the axial direction showing a needle bearing 60 of a fourth embodiment, and FIG. 9 is a view showing a side surface shape of a rotating race 62 used in the fourth embodiment. . As shown in FIG. 9, the rotating race 62 of the present embodiment has a plurality of recesses 64 formed at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction of the outer peripheral surface 62b. The rotating race 62 having the concave portion 64 abuts against the end surface 1 a of the rotating shaft 1, so that the bearing space on the outer peripheral surface 1 b side and the end surface are provided between the inner peripheral surface 33 of the shell-shaped outer ring 32 and the rotating race 62. A communication passage 66 communicating with the bearing space on the 1a side is defined. The communication passage 66 corresponds to a lubricating oil passage of the present invention.

According to the needle bearing 60 having the above-described structure, since the plurality of recesses 64 are formed on the outer peripheral surface 62a of the rotating race 62, the communication passage 66 for communicating the bearing space on the outer peripheral surface 1b side with the bearing space on the end surface 1a side. And the lubricating oil passing through the communication passage 66 reliably flows to both the radial needle 24 and the thrust needle 30, thereby preventing the radial needle 24 and the thrust needle 30 from burning or locking. Can be. Then, other effects similar to those of the other embodiments can be obtained.

Next, FIG. 10 is a sectional view of a main part in the axial direction showing a needle bearing 70 of a fifth embodiment, and FIG. 11 is a view showing an end face of the rotary shaft 1 of the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 11, the rotating shaft 1 of the present embodiment has an axial center P of the end face 1a.
A shaft hole 72 provided at the position, and communicating with the shaft hole 72,
A plurality of long holes 74 opened in the outer peripheral surface 1b are formed.

Each of the long holes 74 extends in the tangential direction of the inner periphery of the shaft hole 72 in the direction in which the rotating shaft 1 rotates from the shaft hole 72 and reaches the outer peripheral surface 1b at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. Is formed. By forming the shaft hole 72 and the elongated hole 74 in the rotating shaft 1, the bearing space on the outer peripheral surface 1b side and the end surface 1
The communication passage 76 communicates with the a-side bearing space. In addition,
This communication passage 76 corresponds to the lubricating oil passage of the present invention.

According to the needle bearing 70 having the above-described structure, since the communication path 76 including the shaft hole 72 and the elongated hole 74 is formed in the rotary shaft 1, the bearing space on the outer peripheral surface 1b side and the bearing space on the end surface 1a side are reduced. The lubricating oil that has passed through the communication passage 76 surely flows to both the radial side needle 24 and the thrust side needle 30, so that it is possible to prevent the radial side needle 24 and the thrust side needle 30 from burning or locking. it can. Then, other effects similar to those of the other embodiments can be obtained.

Then, a plurality of long holes 74 provided on the rotating shaft 1 are provided.
Since the opening 74a is oriented in the rotation direction of the rotating shaft 1, the lubricating oil easily flows into the communication passage 76 from the opening 74a, or the lubricating oil in the communication passage 76 easily flows out from the opening 74a to the outside. . Then, as the rotation speed of the rotating shaft 1 increases, a large amount of lubricating oil flows in and out of the communication passage 76. Therefore, even if the rotating shaft 1 rotates at a high speed, the radial side needle 24 and the thrust side needle 30 cannot rotate. Insufficient lubrication can be reliably eliminated.

On the other hand, FIGS. 12 to 18 show that the bearings exhibit sufficient bearing performance and are inexpensive, while preventing the eccentricity of the rotating race and eliminating problems such as shortened bearing life, abnormal friction, and bearing lock. It is intended to provide a needle bearing according to sixth to tenth embodiments. FIG. 12 is a sectional view of a main part in the axial direction showing a needle bearing 80 of the sixth embodiment. The same components as those of the first embodiment shown in FIG. .

The shell-shaped outer ring 82 of this embodiment is a member in which a thin metal member is formed into a cylindrical shape by press working or the like, and then the opening at both ends is bent, and one bent portion 82a is formed at a right angle inward in the radial direction. And the other bent portion 82b is bent at an angle of 180 ° in the axial direction. The one bent portion 82a functions as a fixed race portion where the plurality of thrust-side needles 30 held by the corrugated thrust-side holder 26 abut, and the other bent portion 82b functions as the outer periphery of the radial-side holder 22. Is in contact with

In the end face of the rotary shaft 1 according to the present embodiment, a circular concave portion 84 having the axis as a center is formed. The rotating race 86 of the present embodiment is a ring-shaped member as in the other embodiments, but has a cylindrical ear 86a formed around the circular opening, and the ear 86a is formed.
Are fitted on the peripheral surface of the circular concave portion 84. In addition,
Circular recess 84 formed on the end face of rotating shaft 1 and rotating race 8
The sixth ear 86a is an eccentricity restricting portion that restricts the eccentricity of the rotating race 86 of the present invention.

According to the needle bearing 80 having the above structure, the rotating race 86 is formed in the circular recess 8 formed in the end face of the rotating shaft 1.
Since the ear 86a is fitted in the rotary shaft 4, the rotary race 86 can be incorporated coaxially with the axis of the rotary shaft 1. In addition, during the rotation of the rotary shaft 1, the ear 86a The rotation race 86 does not become eccentric due to the fitting. Accordingly, since the rotating race 86 is not eccentric, it is possible to prevent a reduction in the life of the thrust side needle 30, an abnormal friction, a bearing lock, and the like. In addition, as in the first embodiment, both the radial load and the axial load are simultaneously supported as a bearing structure with a small number of parts, so that each part can be easily assembled in a short time, Cost can be reduced.

FIG. 13 is a sectional view of a principal part in the axial direction showing a modified example of the needle bearing 80 of the sixth embodiment. The shell-shaped outer ring 88 of the present embodiment has one bent portion 88a
Is bent at right angles to the inside in the radial direction,
And the other bent portion 88b is in contact with the outer periphery of the radial-side retainer 22 as a shape folded at an angle of 180 ° in the axial direction, and has the same operation and effect as the sixth embodiment. Obtainable.

FIG. 14 shows the needle bearing 9 of the seventh embodiment.
FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a main part in the axial direction showing 0, and this embodiment also uses a cup-shaped shell-shaped outer ring 82 in which one bent portion 32a is bent inward at a right angle and deeply in a radial direction. The rotary race 92 has a cylindrical lug 92a formed at the periphery of the circular opening, and the lug 92a fits into the circular opening of the thrust-side retainer 26 having a wavy shape. Note that the circular opening of the thrust side retainer 26 and the ear 92a of the rotating race 92 are eccentricity regulating portions for regulating the eccentricity of the rotating race 92 of the present invention.

According to the needle bearing 90 having the above-described configuration, the rotary race 92 has the lug 92 a fitted in the circular opening of the thrust side retainer 26, so that the rotary race 92 is coaxial with the axis of the rotary shaft 1. Can be incorporated, and
During the rotation of the rotating shaft 1, the rotating race 92 does not become eccentric due to the fitting of the lug 92 a to the circular opening of the thrust side retainer 26. Therefore, since the rotating race 92 is not eccentric, the life of the thrust side needle 30 is shortened,
Abnormal friction, bearing lock, and the like can be prevented. Also, as in the other embodiments, the bearing structure with a small number of parts is configured to support both the radial load and the axial load at the same time, so that each part can be easily assembled in a short time, Cost can be reduced.

FIG. 15 is a sectional view of a principal part in the axial direction showing a modified example of the needle bearing 90 of the seventh embodiment. In this embodiment, the fixed race 28 and the one bent portion 8
A shell-shaped outer ring 88 is used in which the outer ring 8a is bent short at a right angle to the inside in the radial direction, and the same operation and effect as in the seventh embodiment can be obtained.

FIG. 16 shows a needle bearing 1 according to the eighth embodiment.
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of essential parts in the axial direction showing 00. The rotary race 102 of the present embodiment has a cylindrical lug 102 a formed on the outer peripheral edge, and the lug 102 a is fitted on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft 1 on the end 1 a side. The outer peripheral surface on the end 1a side of the rotating shaft 1 and the lugs 102a of the rotating race 102 are eccentricity regulating portions that regulate the eccentricity of the rotating race 102 of the present invention.

According to the needle bearing 100 having the above configuration,
The ear 102a of the rotating race 102 is the end 1a of the rotating shaft 1.
The rotating race 102 can be incorporated coaxially with the axis of the rotating shaft 1 because it is fitted on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft 1. There is no eccentricity of 102. Therefore,
Since the rotating race 102 is not eccentric, it is possible to prevent a reduction in the life of the thrust-side needle 30, abnormal friction, bearing lock, and the like. Also, as in the other embodiments, the bearing structure with a small number of parts is configured to support both the radial load and the axial load at the same time, so that each part can be easily assembled in a short time, Cost can be reduced.

FIG. 17 shows a needle bearing 1 according to a ninth embodiment.
FIG. 10 is a sectional view of an essential part in the axial direction showing 10. On the end surface 1a of the rotating shaft 1 of the present embodiment, a small projection 112 is formed at the axial center position. Further, the rotating race 114 is a ring-shaped member as in the other embodiments, but the opening at the center thereof is the small opening 1 into which the small projection 112 fits.
14a. The small protrusion 112 formed on the end face of the rotating shaft 1 and the small opening 114a of the rotating race 114 are eccentricity regulating portions for regulating the eccentricity of the rotating race 114 of the present invention.

According to the needle bearing 110 having the above structure,
Since the small protrusion 112 formed on the end surface 1a of the rotating shaft 1 is fitted into the small opening 114a of the rotating race 114, the rotating race 114 can be incorporated coaxially with the axis of the rotating shaft 1, and Also, the rotating race 114 does not become eccentric even during the rotation of the rotating shaft 1. Therefore, since the rotating race 114 is not eccentric, it is possible to prevent the life of the thrust-side needle 30 from being shortened, abnormal friction, bearing lock, and the like. Also, as in the other embodiments, the bearing structure with a small number of parts is configured to support both the radial load and the axial load at the same time, so that each part can be easily assembled in a short time, Cost can be reduced.

FIG. 18 is a sectional view of a main part in the axial direction showing the needle bearing 120 of the tenth embodiment. The rotating shaft 122 according to the present embodiment includes a large-diameter shaft portion 122a and a small-diameter shaft portion 122b.
a and a small-diameter shaft portion 122b are provided with a step surface 122c.

The shell-shaped outer ring 124 is formed by pressing a thin metal member or the like, and surrounds the small-diameter shaft portion 122b and fits into the recess 7a of the housing 7, a stepped surface 122c and a large-diameter shaft. A large-diameter cylindrical portion 124b surrounding a part of the portion 122a, and one bent portion 124c of the radial-side holder 22 holding the radial-side needle 24 as a shape folded back at an angle of 180 ° in the axial direction. It is in contact with the outer circumference.

The large-diameter cylindrical portion 12 of the shell-shaped outer race 124
4b, the step surface 122 is fitted to the small-diameter shaft portion 122b.
c, an annular race 126 in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the large-diameter cylindrical portion 122b, and a thrust in a state where the rolling surface is in contact with the race 126 and the race 128. A thrust side needle 30 held by the side holder 26 is provided.

Thus, the shell-shaped outer ring 124 defines a continuous bearing space over the entire area (including the step surface 122c) of the small-diameter shaft portion 122b of the rotating shaft 1. Here, the race 126 of the present embodiment has its inner diameter D _IN set to be approximately the same as the outer diameter of the small-diameter shaft portion 122b of the rotating shaft 122, and is fitted to the small-diameter shaft portion 122b.

The needle bearing 120 is mounted on the housing 7 while the radial needle 24 rolls between the shell-shaped outer ring 124 and the small-diameter shaft portion 122 b of the rotary shaft 122.
And the radial load applied between the rotary shaft 122 and
The thrust needle 30 rolls between the races 126 and 128 to support the axial load applied to the rotating shaft 122 while rolling.

According to the needle bearing 120 having the above structure,
Since the race 126 in which the inner diameter D _IN is set to be substantially the same as the outer diameter of the small-diameter shaft portion 122b is externally fitted to the small-diameter shaft portion 122b,
The race 126 can be incorporated coaxially with the axis of the rotation shaft 122, and the race 1 can be rotated while the rotation shaft 122 is rotating.
26 is not eccentric. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the life of the thrust side needle 30 from being shortened, abnormal friction, bearing lock, and the like. Also, as in the other embodiments, the bearing structure with a small number of parts is configured to support both the radial load and the axial load at the same time, so that each part can be easily assembled in a short time, Cost can be reduced.

FIG. 19 is a cross-sectional view of a main part in the axial direction showing the needle bearing 130 of the eleventh embodiment. The rotary shaft 132 of the present embodiment includes a small-diameter shaft portion 132b inserted into the recess 7a of the housing 7, and a large-diameter shaft portion 132a that is enlarged so as to face the periphery of the recess 7a. Radial shaft part 132a and small diameter shaft part 132b
Is provided with a step surface 132c.

The shell-shaped outer ring 134 is formed by pressing a thin metal member or the like. The small-diameter cylindrical portion 134a that fits into the recess 7a of the housing 7 while surrounding the small-diameter shaft portion 132b, and one end of the small-diameter cylindrical portion 134a. A large-diameter cylinder portion 134b extending radially outward while contacting the periphery of the concave portion 7a by providing a bent portion 134d in the portion, and a stepped surface 132c and a large-diameter cylinder portion 134b surrounding a part of the large-diameter shaft portion 132a. A bent portion 134c formed by folding back at an angle of 180 ° in the axial direction is formed at an end of the bent portion.
A flange 136b, which will be described later, of the radial holder 136 holding the radial needle 24 is in contact with the outside of the outer ring 34c.

The radial retainer 136 has a cylindrical shape, and has a retainer main body 136a in which pockets for retaining the radial needle 24 are formed at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction.
An annular flange 136b is provided that protrudes radially outward from one end of the cage body 136a, and the outer diameter of the cage body 136a is substantially the same as the inner diameter d1 of the bent portion 134c of the shell-shaped outer ring 134. 136
The outer diameter d2 of b is set to a value larger than the inner diameter d1 of the bent portion 134c (d2> d1), and the flange 136 is formed.
b is in contact with the side surface of the bent portion 134c from outside.

The large-diameter cylindrical portion 13 of the shell-shaped outer ring 134
4b has a circular hole 138a having an inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of the small-diameter cylindrical portion 134a of the shell-shaped outer ring 134, and the annular race 13 which is in contact with the outer periphery of the step surface 132c.
8, a race 140 having a circular hole 140a having an inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of the small-diameter cylindrical portion 134a, and being in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the large-diameter cylindrical portion 134b;
The thrust-side needle 1 held by the thrust-side retainer 142 with the rolling surface in contact with the race 140
44 are provided.

Thus, the shell-shaped outer ring 134 defines a continuous bearing space over the entire area (including the step surface 132c) of the small-diameter shaft portion 132b of the rotating shaft 1. The needle bearing 130 supports a radial load applied between the housing 7 and the rotary shaft 132 while the radial needle 24 rolls between the shell-shaped outer ring 134 and the small-diameter shaft portion 132b of the rotary shaft 132, and races. The thrust side needle 144 supports the axial load applied to the rotating shaft 132 while rolling between the 138 and the race 140.

According to the needle bearing 130 having the above structure,
By arranging the races 138, 140, the thrust side retainer 142, and the thrust side needle 144 that support the axial load applied to the rotating shaft 132 at a position away from the radial side needle 24, that is, on the outer peripheral side of the step surface 132c, Circular holes 138a, 14 of races 138, 140
A space 146 is provided inside 0a, and the bent portion 134d of the shell-shaped outer ring 134 is located in the space 146.

When the needle bearing 130 is incorporated in the concave portion 7a of the housing 7, the needle bearing 130 can be easily incorporated by applying a pushing load from the bent portion 134d toward the concave portion 7a of the housing 7. it can. At this time, since no pressing load is directly applied to the thrust side needle 144, the radial side needle 24, and the members supporting them, damages such as indentations and deformation can be prevented.

The outer diameter d2 of the flange portion 136b of the radial holder 136 holding the radial needle 24 is set to a value larger than the inner diameter d1 of the bent portion 134c. Even if the container 136 attempts to escape to the left side (space 146 side) in FIG. 19, the bent portion 134c locks the movement of the flange portion 136b, so that the radial-side retainer 136 is prevented from slipping to the left side. Further, even if the radial side retainer 136 tries to escape to the right side (the inside of the concave portion 7a) in FIG.
34c locks the movement of the radial-side needle 24, and the radial-side needle 24 locks the movement of the retainer main body 136a, thereby restricting the radial-side retainer 136 from slipping to the right. Therefore, the radial retainer 136
, The radial load of the rotating shaft 132 can be reliably supported.

[0072]

As described above, according to the first to third aspects of the present invention, an inexpensive bearing can be obtained while exhibiting sufficient bearing performance against radial loads and axial loads.
In addition, it is possible to obtain a needle bearing that solves the problem caused by poor lubrication. In addition, according to the inventions described in claims 4 to 6, while achieving sufficient bearing performance and making the bearing inexpensive, the eccentricity of the rotating race is prevented, and problems such as a shortened bearing life, abnormal friction, and bearing lock are eliminated. Needle bearing can be obtained.

According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, in addition to the effects of the first to sixth aspects, even if, for example, a highly viscous lubricating oil is used, the lubricating oil is used for the radial needle and the thrust It can make it easier to pass through the side needle. Further, according to the invention of claim 8, in addition to the effects of the invention of claims 1 to 8, it is possible to more reliably support the radial load of the rotating shaft.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an axial sectional view showing a needle bearing according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an end face of a rotating shaft used in the first embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of an end face shape of a rotation shaft different from FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a view showing another example of the end face shape of the rotating shaft different from FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is an axial sectional view showing a needle bearing according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a side surface of the rotating race used in the first embodiment.

FIG. 7 is an axial sectional view showing a needle bearing according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is an axial sectional view showing a needle bearing according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a shape of a rotating race used in a fourth embodiment.

FIG. 10 is an axial sectional view showing a needle bearing according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

11 is a view showing the shape of the end face side of the rotating shaft of the needle bearing shown in FIG. 10;

FIG. 12 is an axial sectional view showing a needle bearing according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is an axial sectional view showing a needle bearing as a modification of the sixth embodiment.

FIG. 14 is an axial sectional view showing a needle bearing according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 15 is an axial cross-sectional view showing a needle bearing as a modification of the seventh embodiment.

FIG. 16 is an axial sectional view showing a needle bearing according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 17 is an axial sectional view showing a needle bearing according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 18 is an axial sectional view showing a needle bearing according to a tenth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 19 is an axial sectional view showing a needle bearing according to an eleventh embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 20 is a view showing a conventional needle bearing that supports a radial load and an axial load.

[Explanation of symbols]

1, 122 Rotation axis 1a End face 1b Outer peripheral face 20, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100,
110, 120 Needle bearing 22 Radial side cage 24 Radial side needle 26 Thrust side cage 27, 42, 52, 62, 86, 92, 102, Rotating race 28 Fixed race 30, 144 Thrust side needle 32 Shell type outer ring 32b 34, 44 Groove 35 Circular hole 36, 46, 54, 66, 76 Communication passage (lubricating oil passage) 37 Straight groove 37a, 39a, 74a Opening 39 Curvature groove 64 recess 72 axial hole 74 long hole 84 circular recess 86a, 92a, 102a ear 112 small projection 114 small opening 122a large diameter shaft 122b small diameter shaft 122c step surface 124, 134 shell outer ring 124a, 134a small diameter cylinder Part 124b, 134b Large-diameter cylindrical part 134c Bent part 136 Radial side retainer 1 6a holder body 136b flange portion

 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued on the front page F term (reference) 3J101 AA14 AA24 AA27 AA32 AA43 AA54 AA62 AA72 BA34 BA35 BA44 BA55 BA57 BA63 CA08 DA09 EA67 FA32 FA33 FA44 FA46

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A shell-shaped outer ring that surrounds an end surface side of a rotating shaft and an outer peripheral surface near the end surface to define a continuous bearing space on an outer peripheral surface side and an end surface side of the rotating shaft; A plurality of radial-side needles in which a rolling surface abuts on both the inner peripheral surface of the shell-shaped outer ring and the outer peripheral surface of the rotary shaft in a bearing space, and the bearing space on the end surface side, A plurality of thrust-side needles arranged with a rolling surface in contact with an annular rotating race arranged along an end face, and the rotating shaft, or the rotating race, the outer peripheral surface side And a lubricating oil passage that guides the lubricating oil supplied to the bearing space and the bearing space on the end face side from one bearing space to the other bearing space. 2. A circular groove is formed on one of an end surface of the rotating shaft or a side surface of the rotating race facing the end surface, and a circular groove is formed from the circular groove in a tangential direction of a peripheral wall of the circular groove. Forming at least one groove extending in the direction of rotation and reaching the outer periphery, and abutting the end face of the rotating shaft and the side face of the rotating race to provide the lubricating oil passage between the end face and the side face. Claim 1 characterized by the following:
The described needle bearing. 3. An axial hole is formed at an axial position of an end face of the rotary shaft, and an elongated hole communicating with the axial hole and opening on an outer peripheral surface of the rotary shaft is formed. 2. The needle bearing according to claim 1, wherein the hole extends in a direction tangential to an inner peripheral surface of the shaft hole and extends from the shaft hole in a direction in which the rotating shaft rotates to reach the outer peripheral surface. 4. A shell-shaped outer ring that surrounds an end surface of the rotating shaft and an outer peripheral surface near the end surface to define a continuous bearing space on the outer peripheral surface and the end surface of the rotating shaft. A plurality of radial needles arranged in a bearing space with a rolling surface in contact with both an inner peripheral surface of the shell-shaped outer ring and an outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft; and an end surface of the rotating shaft in the bearing space on the end surface side. A ring-shaped rotating race in contact with the
A plurality of thrust-side needles arranged with a rolling surface in contact with the rotating race while being held by a retainer; and both the rotating shaft and the rotating race, or the retainer and the rotation A needle bearing, wherein both races are provided with an eccentricity regulating portion for regulating eccentricity of the rotating race with respect to the rotating shaft. 5. A rotating shaft having a large-diameter shaft portion and a small-diameter shaft portion, and a step surface provided between the large-diameter shaft portion and the small-diameter shaft portion.
A shell-shaped outer ring that surrounds the small-diameter shaft portion side and the step surface side of the rotary shaft to define a bearing space on the small-diameter shaft portion side and the step portion side of the rotary shaft; and the shell is formed in the bearing space on the small-diameter shaft portion side. A plurality of radial-side needles in which the rolling surface is in contact with both the inner peripheral surface of the shaped outer ring and the outer peripheral surface of the small diameter shaft portion,
An annular rotating race that is fitted around the small diameter shaft portion and is in contact with the step surface of the bearing space on the step surface side, and a rolling surface is brought into contact with the rotating race while being held by a retainer. And a plurality of thrust-side needles arranged in parallel with each other, and an inner diameter of an opening of the rotating race is set to be substantially the same as an outer diameter of a small-diameter shaft portion of the rotating shaft. 6. A rotary shaft having a large-diameter shaft portion and a small-diameter shaft portion, a stepped surface provided between the large-diameter shaft portion and the small-diameter shaft portion, and a cylindrical shape having an outer diameter smaller than the large-diameter shaft portion. A small-diameter cylindrical portion surrounding the small-diameter shaft portion is provided, and a bent portion is provided at one end of the small-diameter cylindrical portion to extend radially outward, and the step surface and the large-diameter shaft are provided at radially outward ends. A shell-shaped outer ring that defines a bearing space on the small-diameter shaft portion side and the stepped portion side of the rotary shaft by providing a large-diameter cylindrical portion surrounding a part of the portion, and the shell shape that is a bearing space on the small-diameter shaft portion side A plurality of radial-side needles having rolling surfaces in contact with both the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring and the outer peripheral surface of the small-diameter shaft portion, and abutting on the outer peripheral side of the step surface which is the bearing space on the step surface side. While being held by an annular rotating race and a cage formed in an annular shape having substantially the same size as the rotating race, A plurality of thrust-side needles arranged with the rolling surface in contact with the rotating race are provided, and a space is provided inside a circular hole provided at the center of the retainer and the rotating race. A needle bearing wherein the bent portion of the shell-shaped outer ring is located. 7. The shell-shaped outer ring is formed by bending a metal plate so as to have a substantially cylindrical shape as a whole, and is formed by folding an axial end of the shell-shaped outer ring. 7. The needle bearing according to any one of 1 to 6. 8. A flange that protrudes radially outward at one end in the axial direction of a retainer that holds the thrust-side needle, and the outer diameter of the flange is adjusted to the axial end of the shell-shaped outer ring. The cage according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the retainer is arranged such that the flange has a size larger than an inner diameter, and the flange is abutted against a side surface of an axial end of the shell-shaped outer ring from outside. Needle bearing.