JP2002194893A - Continuous construction method of form device and structure - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a continuous construction method of a form device and a structure allowing the high-speed construction of the concrete structure while reducing the weight of timbering and maintaining the quality of the concrete surface. SOLUTION: A form 2 is formed by arranging a plurality of plates 21 along a wall surface 11 of the concrete structure 10 while connecting the plates 21 by a connecting fitting 4. A separator 6 is laid between the opposed forms, and the timbering 3 is arranged outside the form. Friction reducing devices 51, 52 are provided between the form and timbering to continuously move only the timbering. This method comprises a process of installing the form and laying the separator, a process of placing concrete 12 in the interior surrounded by the form, a process of continuously moving only the timbering, and a process of adding the form according to the movement of the timbering.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a formwork apparatus and a method for continuously constructing a structure, and more particularly to a formwork apparatus and a method for continuously constructing a structure in which a shoring is continuously moved by a stationary form method. Things.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In general, the construction procedure of a concrete structure repeats a cycle of rebar assembly, formwork assembly, concrete placement, concrete curing, and form release. As a method of continuously constructing this type of concrete structure, a sliding form method (slip form method) is well known. In the sliding formwork method, a jack or the like is driven to sequentially move the formwork while placing concrete in the formwork. For this reason, a concrete structure can be constructed continuously in the upward or horizontal direction, which is extremely convenient when high-speed construction is required, especially when a concrete structure must be constructed in a short period of time.

[0003]

However, the conventional sliding form method described above has the following problems. <a> During curing, when the concrete does not exhibit sufficient strength, the formwork slips and moves while being in contact with the concrete surface. For this reason, defects in the quality of the concrete surface layer were likely to occur, such as scratches and cracks on the concrete surface. <B> In a state where the form is in contact with the entire surface of the concrete, the form is moved while cutting off the adhesion to the concrete, so that the sliding resistance becomes extremely large. Therefore, the whole apparatus is large-scale, such as using a jack having a large capacity. <C> When a separator is not used, the formwork must be firmly supported so as to withstand a large concrete pressure, and the rigidity of the entire supporting structure needs to be increased. As a result,
The support equipment becomes large and heavy, and the burden of handling, unpacking, etc. increases, and the workability is extremely poor.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned conventional problems, and has been sought to reduce the weight of supports, maintain the quality of concrete surface layers, and perform high-speed construction of concrete structures. It is an object of the present invention to provide a formwork apparatus and a method for continuously constructing a structure, which enables the construction.

[0005]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, a formwork apparatus according to the present invention comprises a formwork arranged for forming a wall surface of a concrete structure, and a formwork provided outside the formwork. And a supporter that is arranged and moves with respect to the formwork.
A first friction reduction device is provided between the formwork and the supporter to reduce frictional resistance during the movement of the supporter, and a formwork fastening bolt connected to a separator provided between the opposed formwork is provided. Is provided with a second friction reduction device between the support and the support, so that the side pressure of the concrete generated in the formwork is received by the separator via the first friction reduction device and the second friction reduction device. It is characterized by doing. With the above configuration, only the shoring can be moved without moving the formwork. In addition, the method for continuously constructing a structure according to the present invention includes installing the formwork device described above, moving the formwork only, without moving the formwork, and according to the movement of the supporter. Repeating the step of adding the formwork, the step of laying a separator between the opposed added formwork, and the step of removing the formwork after the concrete inside the formwork has hardened, Concrete is sequentially poured into the interior surrounded by the formwork.

[0006]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

<A> Overall Configuration The formwork apparatus 1 includes a formwork 2 arranged to form a wall surface 11 of a concrete structure 10, a support 3 outside the formwork 2 and supporting the formwork 2. Consists of This is a method in which only the shoring 3 rises without raising the formwork 2 and when the shoring 3 rises to a predetermined height, the formwork 2 is extended upward (see FIGS. 1 and 2).

<B> Formwork The formwork 2 comprises a plurality of rectangular plates 21. The connection of the plates 21 arranged in the moving direction of the support 3 is performed by the connection fitting 4. The connecting fitting 4 uses a male fitting 41 and a female fitting 42 in the same manner as, for example, a cover clasp of a school bag, and a spring is built in an arrow of the male fitting 41, and the female fitting 42 compresses and locks the spring. It can be. A predetermined number of these male fittings 41 and female fittings 42 are provided above and below the plate 21 (in the embodiment, the male fittings 41 and the female fittings 42 are respectively 3
(See FIG. 2). By arranging another plate 21 from above toward the already installed lower plate 21, the female fitting 42 of the upper plate 21 can be locked to the male fitting 41 of the lower plate 21. By locking the male fitting 41 and the female fitting 42, the upper and lower plates 21 are connected, and the formwork 2 can be formed vertically. The male fitting 4
1. The female fitting 42 may be mounted upside down.

The plate 21 is provided with a separator hole 22 at a required position. The separator hole 22 is for mounting the separator 6 between the pair of facing molds 2 (the plates 21 facing each other). In addition, the opposite side of the concrete casting surface of the plate 21 (support 3 side)
, A handle 23 can be attached to a required part so that the handle 23 can be carried by hand.

<C> Shoring The shoring 3 is composed of a vertical member 31 and a horizontal member 32. Vertical member 3
1 is made of, for example, two steel materials having a U-shaped cross section facing each other and joined with a gap 33 therebetween, a rectangular steel pipe having a gap 33 in the longitudinal direction, a lip channel steel, or the like. This gap 33 facilitates the operation when the below-described formwork tightening bolt 62 is attached to the cone 61, and at the same time interferes with the formwork tightening bolt 62 when the vertical member 31 moves upward. This is so that there is no such thing. A plurality of horizontal members 32 made of H-shaped steel or the like are fixed to the outside of the vertical members 31 at predetermined intervals in the horizontal direction. The support 3 formed by combining the vertical member 31 and the horizontal member 32 is disposed outside the formwork 2 and supports the formwork 2 via a first friction reduction device 52 described later. Although not shown, the support 3 is connected to a driving device such as a known hydraulic jack.

<D> Friction reducing device A first friction reducing device 51 is provided between the mold 2 and the support 3. The first friction reduction device 51 is configured by attaching, for example, a cylindrical roller to a bearing block 53 fixed at a predetermined interval in the vertical direction of the longitudinal member 31 so as to be rotatable in a horizontal direction (see FIGS. 2 and 3). . A second friction reducing device 52 is provided between the support 3 and a form-tightening bolt 62 described later. The second friction reduction device 52 is configured by, for example, attaching a pair of rollers to a form tightening bolt 62 with a nut 63 so as to be able to be tightened (see FIG. 3). The second friction reducing device 52 is pressed against the longitudinal member 31 by tightening the nut 63, and the longitudinal member 3
1 is a first friction reduction device 51 and a second friction reduction device 52
, And the first friction reduction device 51 is attached to the formwork 2 in contact therewith. In order to absorb irregularities of the formwork 2, the formwork fastening bolts 6 with springs are used.
It is preferable to tighten at 2. First friction reducing device 51
In addition, the second friction reduction device 52 can reduce the frictional resistance of the support 3 when it rises, and smoothly raise the support 3. Therefore, the shoring 3 can be raised with a small force, and a lifting jack having a small capacity can be used.

<E> Separator A number of separators 6 are provided between the facing mold frames 2. The cone 61 is attached to the separator 6 by screw connection. A mold fastening bolt 62 is inserted through the separator hole 22 of the plate 21 and screwed to the cone 61 to install the separator 6 between the molds 2. The operation of the mold clamping bolt 62 can be performed using the gap 33 of the vertical member 31.

<F> Force transmission path It is important in the present invention that the lateral pressure applied to the formwork 2 at the time of placing concrete is supported by the separator 6 via the support 3 and the support 6 is maintained in this state. 3 is to rise. The transmission path of the force until the separator 6 bears the lateral pressure of the cast concrete 12 is as follows. The lateral pressure generated by the concrete casting is transmitted to the formwork 2 as a compressive force, and is transmitted through the first friction reducing device 51 to the vertical members 31.
Is transmitted as a compressive force. The compressive force of the vertical member 31 is applied to the form clamping bolt 6 via the second friction reducing device 52.
2 to give a separator 6 a tensile force. When the support 3 rises, the gap 33 is provided in the vertical member 31 as described above, so that the support 3 rises without interfering with the form fastening bolt 62. Thereby, the lateral pressure applied to the formwork 2 at the time of placing concrete is supported by the separator 6 via the support 3, and the support 3 can be raised in this state. Also, since the separator 6 bears the lateral pressure of the cast concrete 12, the force applied to the formwork 2 is reduced, and it is not necessary to firmly support the formwork 2, so that the support 3 is not enlarged. Thus, the weight of the support 3 can be reduced.

Next, a method for continuously constructing a concrete structure using the above-described formwork apparatus 1 will be described with reference to FIGS.

<A> Assembling of Reinforcing Bar (FIG. 4) First, FIG. 4 shows a state in which concrete 12 has already been poured into the formwork 2 and cured. The lower concrete 13 is sufficiently cured and hardened, exhibits a required strength, and forms a part of the concrete structure 10. The reinforcing bar 7 protrudes above the concrete 12. Until the concrete 12 hardens, the concrete 1
An assembly operation of the rebar 7 is performed above the second reinforcing member 2. That is,
The rebar 7 protruding from the concrete 12 is further joined with vertical bars and arranged with horizontal bars.

<B> Addition of Formwork (FIG. 5) Next, a new formwork 2 is added to the concrete casting surface side of the formwork apparatus 1 and arranged. That is, a new formwork 2 is added to the location where the reinforcing bar 7 is assembled. The user grasps the handle 23 and inserts the plate 21 from above toward the formwork 2 installed below. At this time, the female fitting 42 of the plate 21 is inserted toward the male fitting 41 of the mold 2 and the female fitting 42 is inserted.
Compresses and locks the spring in the arrow of the male fitting 41. The plate 21 is sequentially inserted so as to form the wall surface 11 of the concrete structure 10, and a new mold 2 is disposed above the mold 2 installed below. In this way, a new formwork 2 is connected and fixed to the portion where the reinforcing bar 7 has been added with the connecting metal fittings 4 (the male metal fittings 41 and the female metal fittings 42).

<C> Installation of Separator (FIG. 5) A separator 6 is installed between the facing molds 2 (newly added molds 2). The separator 6 is disposed between the facing molds 2, the cone 61 is screwed and attached to the separator 6, and the mold fastening bolt 62 is screwed to the cone 61. The vertical member 31 is sandwiched between the first friction reducing devices 51 and 52 by screwing the nut 63, the first friction reducing device 51 is brought into contact with the mold 2, and the separator 6 is installed. As a result, the newly added formwork 2 is positioned and fixed so as to be maintained at a constant interval by the separator 6, and is ready for the next concrete placement.

<D> Casting concrete (FIG. 6) Concrete 14 is cast in a casting space surrounded by a new formwork 2 that has been added. The concrete structure 10 is built upward by casting concrete 14 on the hardened concrete 12. Since the space between the molds 2 is supported by the separator 6 and is positioned and fixed so as to be maintained at a constant interval, the separator 6 can bear the lateral pressure of the cast concrete 12.

<E> Lifting of the shoring Since the first friction reducing device 51 and the second friction reducing device 52 are interposed between the shoring 3 and the formwork 2, the shoring 3 is formed by the formwork. 2 slips, and only the shoring 3 rises smoothly. Although not shown, the lifting means of the shoring 3 can take a reaction force to the rod embedded in the concrete, and can use a method of lifting with a jack. In addition, other known methods for raising the support 3 include a method in which a bracket is erected above the structure and this is pulled up to a reaction force, or a method in which a rod is installed outside and this is pushed up to a reaction force. Either method can be adopted.

Since the present invention is a method in which only the support 3 rises without raising the formwork 2, it is necessary to prevent the formwork 2 from rising together. The force acting on the mold 2 is: upward force acting on the mold 2 = tension of the separator 6 due to concrete lateral pressure x frictional coefficient of friction, downward force acting on the mold 2 = self-weight of the mold 2 + downward force due to adhesion of concrete + The upward reaction force after the concrete is hardened by the separator 6. When the downward force due to the concrete is small, the formwork 2 may rise together. In the present invention, the connecting fitting 4 is attached to the mold 2, and the upper mold 2 and the lower mold 2 are connected and fixed one after another to increase the weight of the mold 2 and prevent the mold 2 from rising together. ing.

<F> Removal of the formwork (FIG. 6) The formwork 2 is removed from the lower part of the concrete 13 which has hardened and exhibits the required strength. First, the form clamping bolt 62 is removed. Since Shoring 3 has already risen,
The mold 2, the cone 61 and the separator 6 can be pulled out in a horizontal direction perpendicular to the wall surface 11. As described above, since the mold 2 is removed from the concrete 13 which is hardened and exhibits the required strength, the quality of the concrete can be sufficiently ensured. The removed formwork 2, cone 61 and separator 6 can be diverted to the upper part. In this case, operations such as cleaning with kerosene and applying a brush remover can be performed without affecting the process, and the concrete surface can be finely finished.

Hereinafter, the rebar 7 is assembled, the support 3 is raised, the formwork 2 is added, the separator 6 is installed, and the separator 6
The concrete structure 10 can be constructed continuously by repeatedly removing and removing the formwork 2 and sequentially pouring concrete into the interior surrounded by the formwork 2. In the present invention, the shoring 3 can be constantly raised (continuously raised). Further, the present invention can be used not only for concrete structures extending in the vertical direction such as bridge piers, but also for concrete structures extending in the horizontal direction such as waterways.

[0023]

[Effects of the Invention] Since the formwork apparatus and the method for continuously constructing a structure according to the present invention are as described above, the following effects can be obtained. <B> Since the friction reducing device is interposed between the support and the formwork, the support works smoothly with respect to the formwork. Therefore, the weight of the entire apparatus can be reduced, for example, by using a jack having a small capacity. <B> In addition to the above-described friction reducing device, since a plurality of plates are connected with a connecting metal to form a mold, the mold does not move even when the supporter moves. Therefore, since the formwork does not slip on the concrete surface,
There is no adverse effect on concrete quality due to slip. <C> Since the lateral pressure applied to the formwork during concrete casting is received by the separator via the support, high-rigidity support is not required, and the weight of the support can be reduced. <D> Since the mold can be removed after the concrete has been sufficiently cured, the quality of the concrete can be sufficiently ensured. In addition, when the removed formwork is diverted to the upper part, operations such as cleaning with keren and applying a brush remover can be performed without affecting the process. <E> Concrete can be cast continuously, enabling continuous construction of concrete structures. <F> Since there is no mold release step and no concrete jointing step compared to the batch type concrete placing method, continuous concrete placing can be performed, and high-speed construction can be performed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view of a formwork apparatus.

FIG. 2 is a front view of the formwork apparatus.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of the formwork device.

FIG. 4 is a view showing a construction procedure of a concrete structure.

FIG. 5 is a view showing a construction procedure of a concrete structure.

FIG. 6 is a view showing a construction procedure of a concrete structure.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Form device 2 ... Form 21 ... Plate 3 ... Shoring 4 ... Connection metal fitting 51 ... 1st friction reduction device 52 ... 2nd friction reduction device 6 Separator 10 Concrete structure 12, 13, 14 Concrete

Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Yoshio Odaka 1-25-1, Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo Taisei Corporation F-term (reference) 2E177 FA01 FB04

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A formwork arranged to form a wall surface of a concrete structure, and a supporter arranged outside the formwork and moving with respect to the formwork, wherein the formwork comprises a plurality of forms. A first friction member configured to connect the plates arranged in the moving direction of the shoring by connecting metal fittings, and to reduce frictional resistance between the formwork and the shoring during the moving of the shoring. A second friction reducing device is provided between the formwork fastening bolt and a supporter, and a lateral pressure of the concrete generated in the formwork is reduced. A formwork device, wherein the separator is supported by the separator via the first friction reduction device and the second friction reduction device. 2. A step of installing the formwork device according to claim 1, moving only the shoring without moving the formwork, and joining the formwork according to the movement of the shoring. Repeating the steps of: adding, separating, and laying a separator between the joined forming forms facing each other; and, after the concrete in the forming form has hardened, removing the form forms. A method of continuously constructing structures by placing concrete inside the building.