JP2002190640A - Laser oscillator power supply device based on soft switching - Google Patents

Laser oscillator power supply device based on soft switching

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Publication number
JP2002190640A
JP2002190640A JP2000386966A JP2000386966A JP2002190640A JP 2002190640 A JP2002190640 A JP 2002190640A JP 2000386966 A JP2000386966 A JP 2000386966A JP 2000386966 A JP2000386966 A JP 2000386966A JP 2002190640 A JP2002190640 A JP 2002190640A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
power supply
laser oscillator
capacitor
switch
supply device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP2000386966A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Yusuke Tomidokoro
祐介 富所
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Amada Co Ltd
Amada Engineering Center Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Amada Co Ltd
Amada Engineering Center Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Amada Co Ltd, Amada Engineering Center Co Ltd filed Critical Amada Co Ltd
Priority to JP2000386966A priority Critical patent/JP2002190640A/en
Publication of JP2002190640A publication Critical patent/JP2002190640A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a laser oscillator power supply device based on soft switching, which can realize a small switching loss, less radiation noise, easy EMI countermeasure, high frequency operation, a large power, easy management of a current flowing through a switching element, a single auxiliary power supply, omission of a floating power supply, miniaturization of the device, and so on. SOLUTION: A low-loss power semiconductor is used as a switching element Q1, the element Q1 is connected in parallel to a diode D1 and a capacitor C0, a reactor L0 is added to these elements to form a resonance switch is combination with an L-C resonance circuit, the resonance switch is connected in series with an input power supply Vi, a D.C. blocking capacitor C1 is connected to the power supply to form a primary side, the primary side is connected via a transformer T1 to a secondary side consisting of a reactor L1, a laser oscillator load resistor R1 and capacitors Cd1 and Cd2. As a result, the device can supply a desired range of high frequency output and can have a simplified circuit configuration.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

【0001】[0001]

【発明の属する技術分野】この発明は、ソフトスイッチ
ングによるレーザ発振器電源装置に関する。
The present invention relates to a laser oscillator power supply device using soft switching.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】従来、レーザ発振器に用いられる高周波
電源の回路構成は、図5(a),(b)に示すフルブリ
ッジ、またはハーフブリッジ方式が多く、電圧または電
流が矩形波で動作する所謂ハードスイッチング電源であ
る。
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a circuit configuration of a high-frequency power supply used for a laser oscillator is often a full-bridge or half-bridge system as shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B, in which a so-called voltage or current operates with a rectangular wave. It is a hard switching power supply.

【0003】[0003]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】上述のブリッジ方式の
場合、先ず回路構成が複雑であり、フローティング(2
層の回路の分離)の為少なくとも2個以上の補助電源が
必要である。
In the case of the above-mentioned bridge system, first, the circuit configuration is complicated and the floating (2
At least two or more auxiliary power supplies are required for the separation of the layers.

【0004】ハードスイッチング電源回路では、その電
圧及び電流が矩形波である為、スイッチング損失が大き
く、スイッチング周波数(スイッチ開閉周波数)を高め
る必要があり、その為にスピードの速いスイッチング素
子を用いると、スイッチの端子にサージ電圧が発生、ま
たはスイッチにサージ電流が流れ、これらは放射ノイズ
(EMI:電磁妨害波)となって出力等に影響し、更に
周辺機器にも影響を与えるなどの課題がある。
In a hard switching power supply circuit, since its voltage and current are rectangular waves, switching loss is large, and it is necessary to increase the switching frequency (switch opening / closing frequency). There is a problem that a surge voltage is generated at a switch terminal or a surge current flows through the switch, which causes radiation noise (EMI: electromagnetic interference wave) to affect an output or the like, and further affects peripheral devices. .

【0005】また、従来のソフトスイッチング電源では
付加回路が必要で、回路が複雑になる。その為、サージ
電圧及びサージ電流を抑える為の、負荷抵抗、コンデン
サ、リアクトルを配備したスナバ回路が必要となる、等
の問題がある。
Further, the conventional soft switching power supply requires an additional circuit, and the circuit becomes complicated. Therefore, there is a problem that a snubber circuit provided with a load resistor, a capacitor, and a reactor for suppressing a surge voltage and a surge current is required.

【0006】この発明は、上述の事情に鑑みて成された
もので、スイッチング損失が少なく、放射ノイズが少な
くEMI対策が容易、高周波動作が可能、スイッチ素子
の並列動作が容易であって大電力化が可能、スイッチ素
子に流れる電流の管理が可能、補助電源の単一化、フロ
ーティング電源の省略等を実現出来、且つ省エネ、装置
の小型化可能なソフトスイッチングによるレーザ発振器
電源装置を提供することを目的とする。
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and has a small switching loss, a small radiation noise, easy EMI countermeasures, a high frequency operation, a parallel operation of switch elements, and a large power consumption. To provide a laser oscillator power supply device by soft switching, which can realize a reduction in power consumption, can manage a current flowing through a switch element, can use a single auxiliary power supply, omit a floating power supply, and can save energy. With the goal.

【0007】[0007]

【課題を解決するための手段】この発明は下記構成を備
えることにより上記課題を解決できるものである。
The present invention can solve the above-mentioned problems by providing the following constitution.

【0008】(1)レーザ発振器の電源装置であって、
スイッチ素子として低損失パワー半導体を用い、該スイ
ッチ素子、ダイオード、コンデンサを並列接続し、これ
らの要素にリアクトルを加えてL−C共振回路を組合わ
せた共振スイッチと成し、この共振スイッチを入力電源
に直列接続し、更に直流阻止用コンデンサを接続して一
次側を構成し、そしてトランスを介してリアクトル及び
レーザ発振器負荷抵抗、キャパシタから成る二次側を構
成し、所望範囲の高周波出力を供給可能とし、回路構成
を簡素化したことを特徴とするソフトスイッチングによ
るレーザ発振器電源装置。
(1) A power supply device for a laser oscillator,
A low-loss power semiconductor is used as a switch element, the switch element, a diode, and a capacitor are connected in parallel, and a reactor is added to these elements to form a resonance switch in which an LC resonance circuit is combined. Connect to the power supply in series, connect a DC blocking capacitor to configure the primary side, and configure the secondary side consisting of the reactor, the load resistance of the laser oscillator and the capacitor via the transformer, and supply the desired range of high-frequency output A laser oscillator power supply device using soft switching, wherein the power supply device is enabled and the circuit configuration is simplified.

【0009】(2)レーザ発振器の電源装置であって、
スイッチ素子、ダイオード、コンデンサを並列接続し、
これらの要素に2種のリアクトルを加えてL−C共振回
路を組合わせた共振スイッチと成し、この共振スイッチ
を入力電源に直列接続し、更に直流阻止用コンデンサを
接続して一次側を構成し、そしてトランスを介してレー
ザ発振器負荷抵抗、キャパシタから成る二次側を構成
し、所望範囲の高周波出力を供給可能とし、回路構成を
簡素化したことを特徴とするソフトスイッチングによる
レーザ発振器電源装置。
(2) A power supply device for a laser oscillator,
Switch element, diode, capacitor connected in parallel,
Two types of reactors are added to these elements to form a resonance switch in which an LC resonance circuit is combined. This resonance switch is connected in series to an input power supply, and further a DC blocking capacitor is connected to form a primary side. And a secondary side comprising a laser oscillator load resistor and a capacitor via a transformer, capable of supplying a high-frequency output in a desired range, and having a simplified circuit configuration. .

【0010】[0010]

【発明の実施の形態】以下にこの発明の一実施の形態を
説明する。
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will be described below.

【0011】図1(a)は、本発明に係るソフトスイッ
チングによるレーザ発振器電源装置の構成例を示す回路
図、(b)は、共振スイッチの構成例を示す回路図、図
2は、動作波形による作用説明図、図3は、L1を一次
側に移動した場合の構成を示す回路図、図4は、並列動
作で大電力化を可能とする構成例を示す回路図、図5
は、高い入力電圧で中〜大容量の電源構成の例であり、
(a)はハーフ・ブリッジタイプの例、(b)はフル・
ブリッジタイプの例、図6は、ソフトスイッチ電源のス
イッチ素子の例であり、(a)はFET、(b)はIG
BTである。
FIG. 1A is a circuit diagram showing a configuration example of a laser oscillator power supply device using soft switching according to the present invention, FIG. 1B is a circuit diagram showing a configuration example of a resonance switch, and FIG. operation explanatory diagram according to FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram showing the configuration when moving the L 1 on the primary side, Fig. 4 is a circuit diagram showing the arrangement for allowing a large power in parallel operation, FIG. 5
Is an example of a medium to large capacity power supply configuration with high input voltage,
(A) is an example of a half bridge type, (b) is a full bridge type
6A and 6B show examples of a bridge type switch element of a soft switch power supply. FIG.
BT.

【0012】図面を参照して以下に構成を説明する。The structure will be described below with reference to the drawings.

【0013】Viは入力電源であり、スイッチ素子(半
導体スイッチ)Q1として低損失パワー半導体、例え
ば、FET(電界効果トランジスタ)またはIGBT
(絶縁ゲートバイポーラトランジスタ)を用い、該スイ
ッチ素子Q1、ダイオードD1、コンデンサC0を並列接
続し、これらの要素にリアクトルを形成するチョークコ
イルL0を加えてL−C共振回路を組合わせた共振スイ
ッチと成し、この共振スイッチを入力電源Viに直列接
続し、更に直流阻止用コンデンサC1を接続して一次側
を構成し、昇圧及び絶縁機能を有するトランスT1を介
在してリアクトルL1及びレーザ発振器負荷抵抗R1、キ
ャパシタCd1、Cd2から成る二次側を構成し、所望範
囲の高周波出力を供給可能とし、回路構成を簡素化した
ことを特徴とする。
[0013] V i is the input power, switching elements (semiconductor switches) low-loss power semiconductor as Q 1, for example, FET (field effect transistor) or IGBT
(Insulated gate bipolar transistor), the switch element Q 1 , diode D 1 , and capacitor C 0 are connected in parallel, and a choke coil L 0 forming a reactor is added to these elements to combine an LC resonance circuit. and forms a resonance switch, the series-connected to a power source V i the resonance switch, further constitutes the primary side to connect the DC blocking capacitor C 1, by interposing a transformer T 1 having a booster and insulation function reactor L 1 and the laser oscillator load resistor R 1, constitutes a secondary side consisting of the capacitor Cd 1, Cd 2, and can supply high-frequency output of a desired range, characterized in that to simplify the circuit configuration.

【0014】Cd1、Cd2は、レーザ発振器の電極の静
電容量(キャパシタ)、R1は放電抵抗、ID1はダイオ
ード電流、VGSはゲート/ソース間電圧、VDSはドレイ
ン/ソース間電圧である。
Cd 1 and Cd 2 are the capacitances (capacitors) of the electrodes of the laser oscillator, R 1 is the discharge resistance, I D1 is the diode current, V GS is the gate-source voltage, and V DS is the drain-source voltage. Voltage.

【0015】尚、ダイオードD1はスイッチ素子(半導
体スイッチ)Q1のボディダイオードでも良く、またコ
ンデンサC0はスイッチ素子(半導体スイッチ)Q1の寄
生コンデンサCDSでも良い。
The diode D 1 may be a body diode of the switch element (semiconductor switch) Q 1 , and the capacitor C 0 may be a parasitic capacitor C DS of the switch element (semiconductor switch) Q 1 .

【0016】また、直流阻止用コンデンサC1は、The DC blocking capacitor C 1 is

【0017】[0017]

【数1】 (Equation 1)

【0018】の関係が成立すれば、回路の共振周波数に
影響しない。
If the relationship is established, the resonance frequency of the circuit is not affected.

【0019】スイッチ素子(半導体スイッチ)Q1のス
イッチング(開閉)周波数をfSとすると、
Assuming that the switching (opening / closing) frequency of the switch element (semiconductor switch) Q 1 is f S ,

【0020】[0020]

【数2】 (Equation 2)

【0021】よりも周波数の値を高くし、この共振回路
のクオリティファクタは高くなるように設定する。
The value of the frequency is set higher than that of the resonance circuit, and the quality factor of the resonance circuit is set to be higher.

【0022】以下に図2を参照して、動作波形による作
用について説明する。
The operation based on the operation waveform will be described below with reference to FIG.

【0023】〜のステップにおいて、:ダイオー
ド電流ID1が流れている為VDSは略0V(ゼロボルト)
になっている。スイッチ素子(半導体スイッチ)Q1
ONでIQDは緩やかに立ち上がり、ZVS(ゼロボルト
スイッチング)及びZCS(ゼロカレントスイッチン
グ)動作を行う。
In steps (1) and (2): V DS is approximately 0 V (zero volt) because the diode current I D1 is flowing.
It has become. I QD switch element (semiconductor switch) Q 1 is ON rises gently performs ZVS (zero-voltage switching) and ZCS (Zero Current Switching) operation.

【0024】:IQDは共振している為サイン波(正弦
波)となる。
Since IQD resonates, it becomes a sine wave (sine wave).

【0025】:スイッチ素子(半導体スイッチ)Q1
がOFFすると電流IQDはコンデンサC0に流れ、IQ1
は0(ゼロ)になる。この時スイッチ素子(半導体スイ
ッチ)Q1の電圧VDSはコンデンサC0を充電する為、徐
々に上昇する(ZVS動作)。
: Switch element (semiconductor switch) Q 1
Is turned off, the current I QD flows to the capacitor C 0 and I Q1
Becomes 0 (zero). At this time, the voltage V DS of the switch element (semiconductor switch) Q 1 gradually rises to charge the capacitor C 0 (ZVS operation).

【0026】:コンデサC0を充電していた電流IC0
が逆になると、コンデサC0は放電し、スイッチ素子
(半導体スイッチ)Q1の電圧VDSは徐々に下がる。
[0026]: Condesa C 0 current was charged I C0
If There is reversed, Condesa C 0 is discharged, the voltage V DS of the switching elements (semiconductor switches) Q 1 is gradually lowered.

【0027】:スイッチ素子(半導体スイッチ)Q1
の電圧VDSが0V(ゼロボルト)になると、ダイオード
1がONする為、電圧VDSは略0V(ゼロボルト)に
クランプする。また、電圧VDSが0V(ゼロボルト)に
なってから、ダイオードD1に電流が流れる為、短絡防
止の為のリカバリー対策は不要である。
: Switch element (semiconductor switch) Q 1
When the voltage V DS becomes 0 V (zero volt), the diode D 1 is turned on, so that the voltage V DS is clamped to approximately 0 V (zero volt). Further, the voltage V DS becomes 0V (zero volts), since the current flows through the diode D 1, the recovery measures for preventing short circuit is not required.

【0028】図3に二次側のリアクトルL1を一次側に
移した場合の回路構成を示したが、同様の動作を行う。
[0028] While the reactor L 1 in Figure 3 the secondary side showing the circuit configuration when transferred to the primary side performs the same operation.

【0029】図4に示したように、本実施の回路構成を
並列に接続し、並列動作を行うことによって、大電力化
に対応が可能である。
As shown in FIG. 4, by connecting the circuit configurations of this embodiment in parallel and performing a parallel operation, it is possible to cope with an increase in power consumption.

【0030】以上説明したように、ソフトスイッチング
にしたことにより、スイッチング損失が少なく、放射ノ
イズの発生がハードスイッチングに比べて少ない為、E
MI(電磁妨害波)対策が容易となり、またダイオード
のリカバリー電流対策が不要となり、高周波動作が可能
となる。
As described above, the soft switching causes less switching loss and less radiation noise than hard switching.
Countermeasures against MI (Electromagnetic Interference) are facilitated, and countermeasures against recovery current of the diode are not required, so that high-frequency operation is possible.

【0031】半導体スイッチFETの並列動作が容易で
あり、従って大電力化が可能である。また、半導体スイ
ッチFETを直接並列接続するのではない為、発振現象
が無い。更に、半導体スイッチFETに流れる電流の管
理が可能な為、電流バランスが採れて均一となり、且つ
電圧閾値を合わせる等の選別が不要になる。
The parallel operation of the semiconductor switch FETs is easy, so that the power can be increased. Further, since the semiconductor switch FETs are not directly connected in parallel, there is no oscillation phenomenon. Furthermore, since the current flowing through the semiconductor switch FET can be managed, the current is balanced and uniform, and the sorting such as adjusting the voltage threshold becomes unnecessary.

【0032】更にまた、グランドが共通の為、補助電源
を単一化でき、またフローティング電源が不要となり、
省エネと同時に装置全体を小型化することが出来る。
Further, since the ground is common, the auxiliary power supply can be unified, and the floating power supply becomes unnecessary.
It is possible to reduce the size of the entire device while saving energy.

【0033】[0033]

【発明の効果】この発明によれば、スイッチング損失が
少なく、放射ノイズが少なくEMI対策が容易、高周波
動作が可能、スイッチ素子の並列動作が容易であって大
電力化が可能、スイッチ素子に流れる電流の管理が可
能、補助電源の単一化、フローティング電源の省略等を
実現出来、且つ省エネ、及び装置の小型化等の効果を呈
する。
According to the present invention, switching loss is small, radiation noise is small, EMI countermeasures are easy, high-frequency operation is possible, parallel operation of switch elements is easy, high power is possible, and the current flows to the switch elements. It is possible to manage the current, to use a single auxiliary power supply, to omit the floating power supply, etc., and to achieve effects such as energy saving and downsizing of the device.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of the drawings]

【図1】 (a)本発明に係るソフトスイッチングによ
るレーザ発振器電源装置の構成例を示す回路図、(b)
は、共振スイッチの構成例を示す回路図
FIG. 1A is a circuit diagram showing a configuration example of a laser oscillator power supply device using soft switching according to the present invention, and FIG.
Is a circuit diagram showing a configuration example of a resonance switch.

【図2】 動作波形による作用説明図FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of an operation based on an operation waveform.

【図3】 L1を一次側に移動した場合の構成を示す回
路図
FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration when L 1 is moved to a primary side;

【図4】 並列動作で大電力化を可能とする構成例を示
す回路図
FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram showing an example of a configuration enabling high power in parallel operation.

【図5】 高い入力電圧で中〜大容量の電源構成の例で
あり、(a)はハーフ・ブリッジタイプの例、(b)は
フル・ブリッジタイプの例
FIG. 5 is an example of a medium to large capacity power supply configuration with a high input voltage, (a) is an example of a half-bridge type, and (b) is an example of a full-bridge type.

【図6】 ソフトスイッチ電源のスイッチ素子の例であ
り、(a)はFET、(b)はIGBT
FIG. 6 is an example of a switch element of a soft switch power supply, where (a) is an FET and (b) is an IGBT

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

1 入力電源 Q1 スイッチ素子(半導体スイッチ) D1 ダイオード C0 コンデンサ C1 直流阻止用コンデンサ L0、L1 リアクトル(チョークコイル) T1 トランス Cd1、Cd2 レーザ発振器の電極の静電容量(キャパ
シタ) R1 放電抵抗 ID1 ダイオード電流 VGS ゲート/ソース間電圧 VDS ドレイン/ソース間電圧
V 1 input power supply Q 1 switch element (semiconductor switch) D 1 diode C 0 capacitor C 1 DC blocking capacitor L 0 , L 1 reactor (choke coil) T 1 transformer Cd 1 , Cd 2 Electrostatic capacitance of laser oscillator electrode (capacitor) R 1 discharge resistor I D1 diode current V GS gate / source voltage V DS the drain / source voltage

Claims (2)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項1】 レーザ発振器の電源装置であって、スイ
ッチ素子として低損失パワー半導体を用い、該スイッチ
素子、ダイオード、コンデンサを並列接続し、これらの
要素にリアクトルを加えてL−C共振回路を組合わせた
共振スイッチと成し、この共振スイッチを入力電源に直
列接続し、更に直流阻止用コンデンサを接続して一次側
を構成し、そしてトランスを介してリアクトル及びレー
ザ発振器負荷抵抗、キャパシタから成る二次側を構成
し、所望範囲の高周波出力を供給可能とし、回路構成を
簡素化したことを特徴とするソフトスイッチングによる
レーザ発振器電源装置。
1. A power supply device for a laser oscillator, wherein a low-loss power semiconductor is used as a switch element, the switch element, a diode, and a capacitor are connected in parallel. Combined resonance switch, connected in series to the input power supply, further connected a DC blocking capacitor to form the primary side, and consists of a reactor, a laser oscillator load resistance, and a capacitor via a transformer A soft-switching laser oscillator power supply device comprising a secondary side, capable of supplying a high-frequency output in a desired range, and having a simplified circuit configuration.
【請求項2】 レーザ発振器の電源装置であって、スイ
ッチ素子、ダイオード、コンデンサを並列接続し、これ
らの要素に2種のリアクトルを加えてL−C共振回路を
組合わせた共振スイッチと成し、この共振スイッチを入
力電源に直列接続し、更に直流阻止用コンデンサを接続
して一次側を構成し、そしてトランスを介してレーザ発
振器負荷抵抗、キャパシタから成る二次側を構成し、所
望範囲の高周波出力を供給可能とし、回路構成を簡素化
したことを特徴とするソフトスイッチングによるレーザ
発振器電源装置。
2. A power supply device for a laser oscillator, wherein a switch element, a diode, and a capacitor are connected in parallel, and two types of reactors are added to these elements to form a resonance switch in which an LC resonance circuit is combined. This resonance switch is connected in series to the input power supply, and further a DC blocking capacitor is connected to form a primary side, and a secondary side including a laser oscillator load resistor and a capacitor is formed via a transformer, and a desired side is formed. A laser oscillator power supply device using soft switching, capable of supplying a high-frequency output and having a simplified circuit configuration.
JP2000386966A 2000-12-20 2000-12-20 Laser oscillator power supply device based on soft switching Pending JP2002190640A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2000386966A JP2002190640A (en) 2000-12-20 2000-12-20 Laser oscillator power supply device based on soft switching

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2000386966A JP2002190640A (en) 2000-12-20 2000-12-20 Laser oscillator power supply device based on soft switching

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JP2002190640A true JP2002190640A (en) 2002-07-05

Family

ID=18853985

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP2000386966A Pending JP2002190640A (en) 2000-12-20 2000-12-20 Laser oscillator power supply device based on soft switching

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP2002190640A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7602593B2 (en) 2006-02-20 2009-10-13 Fujitsu Microelectronics Limited Semiconductor device

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2000004059A (en) * 1998-06-16 2000-01-07 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Power supply for laser
JP2000341946A (en) * 1992-09-25 2000-12-08 Murata Mfg Co Ltd Operating method of resonance type power supply circuit for high voltage generation

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2000341946A (en) * 1992-09-25 2000-12-08 Murata Mfg Co Ltd Operating method of resonance type power supply circuit for high voltage generation
JP2000004059A (en) * 1998-06-16 2000-01-07 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Power supply for laser

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7602593B2 (en) 2006-02-20 2009-10-13 Fujitsu Microelectronics Limited Semiconductor device

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