JP2002188662A - Attaching/detaching tool for brake drum - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an attaching/detaching tool for a brake drum capable of holding the brake drum irrespective of the quantity of wheel bolts arranged at the brake drum and the shape arranged. SOLUTION: The attaching/detaching tool (A) for a brake drum 21 holding the brake drum 21 removed from the car body in maintenance working is characterized in comprising a movable trestle 1 capable of moving, a supporting column 8 erected on the movable trestle 1 and capable of adjusting the height, a drum holding part 13 consisting of a housing 14 attached to the supporting column 8 and a holding arm 15 arranged slidable in the right and left directions to the housing 14 and forming a fixing part 15a holding a brake drum 21, and a supporting member 16 supporting the brake drum 21, arranged slidable in forward and backward direction on the movable trestle 1 and capable of adjusting the height.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a jig for attaching and detaching a brake drum from a vehicle in a vehicle inspection or the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A vehicle needs to be regularly maintained, and in particular, a brake mechanism is the most important part of the vehicle in terms of safety and must be thoroughly inspected. Inspection of the brake mechanism starts with the vehicle, tires, drive shaft, and front wheel hub bearing
(Outside) and then the brake drum (21). Then, remove the internal parts such as the front wheel hub bearing (inside) and seals from the removed brake drum (21), and clean, check, and repair the internal parts, and replace them with new parts as necessary. Exchange.

[0003] Such removal, cleaning, repair, and the like of parts are performed manually, and require a great deal of labor for the operator. In particular, the weight of the brake drum (21) is usually 30 to 8
It is heavy at 0 kg, and when it is removed from the axle, it is pulled out by two people while supporting the brake drum (21) from both sides with the middle waist and slowly pulling it out so as not to damage the axle, carrying it to the work place, or removing internal parts such as seals When removing it, you may have to move the brake drum (21),
It was severe hard work that caused back pain for workers. The same applies when the brake drum (21) is mounted on the axle.

In order to solve such a problem, a detaching jig (B) for inserting and removing the brake drum (21) from the axle has been developed (JP-A-2000-249176). The attachment / detachment jig (B) has a holder (31) in which a plurality of hub through holes (32) are formed as shown in FIG. 7, and the hub through hole (32)
Wheel bolts arranged on the brake drum (21)
(15b) can be inserted respectively. Accordingly, by inserting the wheel bolt (15b) into the hub through hole (32) and screwing a nut (not shown) to the wheel bolt (15b), the holder (31) and the brake drum (21) are connected. It is fixed.

However, the number of wheel bolts (15b) provided on the brake drum (21) may vary depending on the type of vehicle, and the number of wheel bolts (15b) is not necessarily the same as the number of hub through holes (32) formed in the holder (31). The number of the wheel bolts (15b) does not always match. In such a case, one type of holder (31) cannot support a plurality of brake drums (21) having different numbers of wheel bolts (15b), and several holders (31) are prepared. I had to put it.

The wheel bolts (15b) are arranged on the circumference, but the diameter of the circle may vary depending on the type of vehicle, and the wheel bolts (15b) are located at the positions of the hub through holes (32). May not match. For this reason, the hub through hole (3
2) The holding bolts that the bolts (15b) must be drilled to match the diameter of the circle
The type of (31) has increased, leading to an increase in the number of members. The holding body (31) is held by a rotating shaft (36) provided at the upper end of a support (33) erected on a gantry (34), and holds the brake drum (21) during the maintenance described above. When it is rotated and turned upward, it rotates around the rotation shaft (36), but as described above, the heavy brake drum (21) rotates around the rotation shaft (36). It is very dangerous to do it and at the same time it is a heavy brake drum
It is also structurally dangerous to support (21) with one rotating shaft (36).

[0007]

The problem to be solved by the present invention is as follows.
An object of the present invention is to develop a jig for attaching and detaching a brake drum capable of holding the brake drum regardless of the number of wheel bolts provided on the brake drum and the shape of the wheel bolts.

[0008]

A jig (A) for attaching and detaching a brake drum (21) according to the first aspect of the present invention is: (a) a jig for inserting and removing the brake drum (21) from a vehicle body during maintenance work; A jig (A) for attaching and detaching the brake drum (21), which can be adjusted upright on the (b) horizontally movable platform (1) and (c) movable platform (1) A pair of struts (8) and (d) struts
(8), a drum slidable in a direction intersecting with the column (8), arranged so as to be able to approach and separate from each other, and formed with a fixing portion (15a) for holding the brake drum (21) And a holding section (13).

According to this, since the height of the column (8) can be adjusted, the height of the drum holding portion (13) attached to the column (8) is raised to a predetermined height for maintenance. The height of the wheel bolt (15b) to be fixed to the vehicle body can be adjusted, and the drum holder (13) whose height has been adjusted is further slid to move the fixing portion (15a) close to and away from the wheel bolt (15b). It can be adjusted to the position of 15b). In this case, if the wheel bolt (15b) is even, the height of the column (8) is set to the same height, and if the wheel bolt (15b) is odd, the height of the column (8) is set to a different height Is done. Therefore, if the number of the wheel bolts (15b) provided on the brake drum (21) is even or odd, the drum holding portion (13) is surely fixed regardless of the installation position of the wheel bolts (15b).
The wheel bolt (15b) can be fixed by the fixing portion (15a).

By fixing the wheel bolts (15b) by the holding arms (15) in this way, the number of the wheel bolts (15b) and the position at which the wheel bolts (15b) are disposed differ depending on the vehicle type. Can be held even if Therefore, it is not necessary to prepare a plurality of holders (31) so as to match the number and position of the wheel bolts (15b) as in the conventional case. It can correspond to the brake drum (21).

A brake drum according to claim 2 of the present invention.
The jig (A) for mounting and dismounting is described in connection with the improvement of "Claim 1", "It is disposed immediately below the brake drum (21) which is disposed on the movable gantry (1) and supported by the drum holding portion (13)". The support pillar (18) that can be adjusted in height and supports the brake drum (21) from below
With only the drum holder (13) fixed, the wheel bolt (15b) of the brake drum (21)
The opening end (21b) on the opposite side tends to hang down by its own weight, but the height of the support column (18) disposed immediately below the brake drum (21) is adjusted, and the brake drum (21) By supporting the brake drum from below, the brake drum (21) that is about to hang down can be horizontally supported.

A third aspect of the present invention relates to a fulcrum shaft (6) projecting downward on the opposite side to the mounting side of the brake drum (21).
Is attached to the movable base (1) '', but after removing the brake drum (21) from the vehicle body, move it to the work position while holding it on the detaching jig (A). Then, inspection, cleaning and repair of the brake drum (21) are performed. In the brake drum (21) in this state, the opening surface (21a)
Is oriented horizontally, so when removing internal components from the brake drum (21), you must work while looking into the brake drum (21) mainly with the waist in the middle. there were.

Therefore, in order to avoid such a burden, the detaching jig (A) is tilted backward with the brake drum (21) fixed so that the opening surface (21a) of the brake drum (21) faces upward. It is preferable to work after the opening surface (21a) of the brake drum (21) faces upward, but since the weight of the brake drum (21) is usually 30 to 80 kg, it is hard to fall In addition to the need for the traveling roller (35) as shown in FIG.
5) Rolling and unloading jig (A) suddenly falls, which is dangerous.

[0014] On the other hand, the jig (A) according to the present invention.
Since the fulcrum shaft (6) protrudes downward, even when the mounting / detaching jig (A) to which the brake drum (21) is fixed is tilted backward, the fulcrum shaft (6) rotates around the fulcrum shaft (6). As a result, the jig (A) can be safely moved down with minimum force.

In the case where the work is carried out without falling down the jig (A) while the brake drum (21) is fixed, there is a time signature when something accidentally collides with the brake drum (21) during the work. In addition, it is considered that the jig (A) may fall backward, which is very dangerous considering the weight of the brake drum (21).
On the other hand, the fulcrum shaft (6) according to the present invention also has an effect of preventing the fulcrum shaft (6) from falling back even if the jig (A) is about to fall backward by mistake. Have.

[0016]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A jig (A) for attaching and detaching a brake drum (21) according to the present invention will be described with reference to an embodiment. The movable gantry (1) of the present embodiment is provided with four steel members (1a) having a rectangular cross-section, each of which is a front steel member (1a1), a rear steel member (1a2), a left steel member (1a3), and a right steel member. It is framed in a square shape with steel (1a4). Since the traveling roller (3) is attached to each of the four corners on the lower surface side of the movable gantry (1) via a rotatably mounted fixture (2), the movable gantry (1) can be moved forward, backward, left and right. You can move. Stopper (not shown) for traveling roller (3)
The traveling roller (3) is fixed by locking the stopper, and the movable gantry (1) cannot be moved. On the rear side of the rear steel material (1a2), there is provided a fulcrum shaft (6), which is formed in an inverted L-shape and whose tip protrudes downward. It is preferable that at least two or more fulcrum shafts (6) are provided, and the length thereof is not particularly limited, but is not so long that the lower end of the fulcrum shaft (6) reaches the ground.

The column (8) of this embodiment has an upright portion (9) formed of a hollow square steel material having an upper end opened by a round hole, a projecting shaft (10) formed by a hollow round bar, and a projecting shaft. And a shaft fixing member (11). In order to support the brake drum (21) removed from the vehicle, at least two are required for the upright portion (9), and in this embodiment, both ends of the rear steel material (1a2) or the left and right steel materials ( 1a3) and (1a4) are erected at the rear end.

The height of the erected portion (9) is lower than the vicinity of the center of the tire of the vehicle lifted for maintenance, and in this embodiment, the upper end is located near the lower end of the tire of the vehicle. . The distance between the standing parts (9) is
At least the diameter of the circle of the wheel bolt (15b) implanted in the brake drum (21) so that the (21) can be supported from both sides is larger. In order to reinforce the upright portion (9), a reinforcing rib (4) is provided between the upright portion (9) and the left and right steel materials (1a3) (1a4). A projecting shaft hole (9a) formed with a female screw is formed at the upper end of the standing portion (9).

The protruding shaft (10) is slidably mounted in the cavity of the upright portion (9), and protrudes upward from the upper end of the upright portion (9). The upper end of the standing portion (9) of this embodiment is located near the lower end of the tire of the lifted vehicle body, but the projecting shaft (10)
Sliding upward allows the height to be adjusted.

The protruding shaft fixing member (11) is for fixing the protruding shaft (10) protruding to a predetermined height.
a) and the pressing portion (11b) are formed in an L-shape. It is sufficient that the handle portion (11a) is long enough to be gripped by hand, and the handle portion (11a) is bent at a right angle to form a pressing portion (11b). A male screw is formed at the tip of the pressing portion (11b), and is attached to the protruding shaft hole (9a) of the standing portion (9) so as to be able to advance and retreat. In the present embodiment, the pressing portion (11b) is screwed forward and its tip presses the protruding shaft (10), so that the protruding shaft
Although (10) can be fixed, the means for fixing the protruding shaft (10) is not particularly limited to the above configuration.

A ring (9b) is formed at the inside lower end of the upright portion (9) of the present embodiment. The ring (9b) is attached to the shelf member (1
By inserting the mounting part (12a) formed at the tip of 2),
The shelf member (12) is detachably attached to the standing portion (9). The shelf member (12) plays a role of a shelf on which a tool box and the like are placed. In this embodiment, the shelf member (12) is a rectangular frame, but the shape is not particularly limited.

The drum holding portion (13) is fixed to an upper end portion of the protruding shaft (10), and has a housing (14) formed in a rectangular cylindrical shape, and a holding arm (14) inserted into the housing (14). 15). The housing (14) has a rectangular cross section, but an insertion hole (14a) for inserting the holding arm (15).
Is formed. The sectional shape of the housing (14) is not particularly limited. For example, as shown in FIG. 6, a round bar may be used as a member of the lower surface (14f) of the housing (14).

The housings (14) fixed to the respective protruding shafts (10) are fixed so that the insertion holes (14a) face each other in a horizontal horizontal direction. Rear part of housing (14) (1
4c) is disposed vertically, but the front part (14b) is inclined downward and gradually away from the rear part (14c). It is not necessary to increase the inclination angle (α) of the front part (14b), and in the present embodiment, it is inclined about 3 degrees (of course, not limited thereto) with respect to the rear part (14c). An arm hole (14d) is formed near the lower end of the rear surface (14c) of the housing (14), and communicates with the insertion hole (14a).

The holding arm (15) is inserted into the insertion hole (14a) of the housing (14) with a strip-shaped iron plate. Since the holding arm (15) is longer than the housing (14), the housing (1
It protrudes from 4) in the direction of the other housing (14), and a fixing portion (15a) is formed at the protruding tip. The fixing part (15a) may be anything as long as it can fix the wheel bolt (15b).
A hole (15a1) for a wheel bolt through which (15b) is inserted is formed. The holding arm (15) can slide in the insertion hole (14a), and the length of the protrusion can be freely determined. Set bolt in arm hole (14d) of housing (14)
(14e) is screwed, and the holding arm (15) is pushed by pushing the holding bolt (14e) and pressing the holding arm (15).
Can be fixed.

In addition, the housing is fixed by a fixing bolt (14e).
The holding arm (15) pressed against the front part (14b) of (14)
Because the front part (14b) is inclined so that it faces forward,
It is fixed in an inclined state so as to face upward. Thereby, when the brake drum (21) is attached to the holding arm (15), the brake drum (21) twists the holding arm (15) by its own weight, canceling out the tendency to hang down slightly, As a result, the level of the brake drum (21) is maintained to some extent. Further, since the fixing bolt (14e) is screwed near the lower end of the rear surface (14c) of the housing (14), the holding arm (15) due to its own weight of the brake drum (21) is more effectively twisted. Offset.

The support member (16) of the present embodiment comprises a movable gantry (1).
And a support column (18) fixed to the erection part (17). The erection part (17) is erected on the left and right steel materials (1a3) (1a4). The support column (18) is a cylindrical column (18a) erected on the erection portion (17), and a support portion (19) slidably disposed on the cylindrical column (18a) in the vertical direction. , Screwed into the cylindrical column (18a),
Lock bolt (18) to fix support (19) at any position
b). A receiving part is provided on the upper end of the support part (19) so that it can easily receive the open end (21b) of the brake drum (21).
(19a) is formed integrally.

At both ends of the erection portion (17), a fitting portion (17a) having a U-shaped cross section is integrally formed, and the fitting portion (17) is formed.
a) is fitted into the left and right rectangular steel materials (1a3) (1a4), respectively. Since the fitting portion (17a) is merely fitted, it can slide in the front-back direction along the steel materials (1a3) (1a4).

Next, a method of using this embodiment will be described. The jig (A) according to the present embodiment is configured such that the heavy brake drum (21) is easily removed from the axle when performing maintenance or repair for vehicle inspection, or after the heavy brake drum (21) is inspected or washed. It is used to hold the brake drum (21) easily attached to the vehicle or removed from the vehicle body during inspection or cleaning.

First, the tire, the drive shaft, and the front wheel hub bearing are sequentially removed from the vehicle body. afterwards,
By bringing the jig (A) of the present embodiment close to the brake drum (21), loosening the protruding shaft fixing member (11), and sliding the protruding shaft (10) upward, the holding arm (15) Is adjusted to the height of the wheel bolt (15b) of the brake drum (21), and the protruding shaft (10) is fixed by tightening the protruding shaft fixing member (11).

Since two columns (8) of this embodiment are provided, the holding arm (15) is fixed to two wheel bolts (15b). Two wheel bolts (15b) to be fixed
May be arranged at different heights as in the case of an odd number of wheel bolts (15b) (FIGS. 3 and 4), in which case the height is adjusted to the height of each wheel bolt (15b) Adjust the height of the column (8) as shown. That is, when the wheel bolt (15b) is an even number, the height of the column (8) is set to the same height, and when the wheel bolt (15b) is an odd number, the height of the column (8) is set to a different height. You. The step is shown by (H).

When the height of the column (8) is adjusted, the holding arm (15) slides on the housing (14), and the holding arm (15) slides.
The hole (15a1) for the foil bolt at the tip of (15) is
5b). When the wheel bolt hole (15a1) coincides with the wheel bolt (15b), the movable gantry (1) is moved to insert the wheel bolt (15b) into the wheel bolt hole (15a1). ) Is fixed to the housing (14). The fixing method of the holding arm (15) is as follows.
4d), screw the stop bolt (14e) forward, and turn the stop bolt (1
By screwing the holding arm (15) until the tip of 4e) presses and fixes the holding arm (15), the holding arm (15) is pressed against the inner surface of the front surface (14b) of the housing (14) and fixed. When a round bar is used for the lower surface portion (14f) of the housing (14) as shown in FIG. 6, the holding arm (15) pressed against the tip of the locking bolt (14e) is It smoothly moves to the front part (14e) of the housing (14) so as to slide on the bar.

Subsequently, a nut is screwed into the wheel bolt (15b) inserted into the wheel bolt hole (15a1) to fix the brake drum (21) to the jig (A) for detachment. At this time, the opening end (21b) tends to hang downward due to the weight of the brake drum (21), but the holding arm (15) is inclined and fixed in the upward direction, so the offset is offset. As a result, the opening surface (21a) of the brake drum (21) does not incline downward, and is kept substantially horizontal.

Then, the support member (16) is connected to the brake drum (2).
1) Slide down to loosen the lock bolt (18b), and the support (19) receives the pan (19a) and the brake drum (21)
Project upward until it touches the lower surface of the tray (19a).
Is firmly supporting the lower surface of the brake drum (21), tighten the lock bolt (18b) and tighten
(19) is fixed at that height. In this way, the brake drum (21) is moved by the holding arm (15) to the wheel bolt (1).
5b) is fixed, and the brake drum (2
1) is stably supported from below.

Next, the brake drum (21) is removed from the vehicle body. The two wheel bolts (15b) of the brake drum (21) are mounted on the mounting jig (A). When the tool (A) is pulled from the vehicle body, the brake drum (21) is held horizontally by the jig (A), so it is possible to pull out the brake drum (21) from the axle with almost no resistance. I can do it. When the brake drum (21) is pulled out of the axle, the entire load of the brake drum (21) is applied to the jig (A) at a time.
The total load of 1) is attached to the jig (A), that is, the holding arm (15).
And the supporting member (16), the operator is not burdened at all. When the support member (16) is not provided, the holding arm (15) is twisted and the brake drum (21) is slightly lowered, but the front part (14b) is set upward as described above. In this state, the level of the brake drum (21) is maintained. Lock and removal jig
Fix (A). Thereafter, internal parts such as seals are removed from the inside of the brake drum (21), and the internal parts are inspected, cleaned, repaired, and the like. To remove the internal parts,
Although it is possible to perform the operation with the brake drum (21) removed, it is necessary to work so as to look into the inside of the brake drum (21) in a posture of a middle waist. For this reason,
The work may be performed in a comfortable posture, with the detachable jig (A) tilted rearward so that the opening surface (21a) of the brake drum (21) faces upward. To remove the detaching jig (A), the fulcrum shaft (6) is used as a fulcrum, and the detaching jig (A) is moved to the rear side, so that no extra force is required, and the detaching jig can be easily removed. (A) can be defeated.

After the internal parts removed from the brake drum (21) are inspected, cleaned, repaired, or replaced as necessary, they are attached to the brake drum (21) again, and the brake drum (21) is mounted. Attach to the body. At this time, since the brake drum (21) is still detached from the axle, the removal jig (A) is brought closer to the vehicle body, and the removal jig (A)
By simply moving the brake drum (21) to the vehicle body, the brake drum (21) can be easily remounted on the axle without putting any burden on the operator.

[0036]

According to the present invention, the height can be adjusted by a pair of columns, and the drum holding portion attached to the column is slid to move the fixing portion close to and away from the wheel bolt of the brake drum. It is possible to adjust the height of the column and the slide position of the drum holding part, even if the wheel bolt is even or odd,
A single detachable jig can be used for various sizes of brake drums, and can be securely fixed to the fixing portion of the holding arm.

Further, since the brake drum is supported from below by the support pillar provided on the movable base, the brake drum can be prevented from hanging down due to its own weight, and the brake drum can be kept substantially horizontal. The brake drum can be inserted into and removed from the axle without burden.

Further, since the fulcrum shaft is attached to the movable gantry, the jig can be easily tilted backward using the fulcrum shaft as the fulcrum while the heavy brake drum is mounted on the movable gantry. Work can be performed with the opening face upward.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a jig for attaching and detaching a brake drum according to an embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a detachable jig to which the brake drum of the present embodiment is attached.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a detachable jig to which another brake drum according to the embodiment is attached.

FIG. 4 is a rear view of a detaching jig to which the brake drum according to the embodiment is attached.

FIG. 5 is a side sectional view of the drum holding unit according to the embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a side cross-sectional view of another drum holding unit of the embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a detachable jig to which a conventional brake drum is attached.

[Explanation of symbols]

 (A) ... jig for detachment (1) ... movable frame (8) ... support (13) ... drum holding part (14) ... housing (15) ... holding arm (15a) ... fixing part (21) ... brake drum

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A jig for mounting and dismounting a brake drum for inserting and removing a brake drum from a vehicle body during a maintenance work, wherein (b) a movable gantry that can be moved horizontally, and (c) a jig mounted on the movable gantry. And a pair of supports that can be adjusted in height,
(d) a drum holding portion attached to the support, slidable in a direction intersecting with the support and arranged to be close to and away from each other, and formed with a fixed portion for holding the brake drum. A jig for detaching and mounting a brake drum. 2. A method according to claim 1, further comprising a support column disposed on the movable base and directly below the brake drum supported by the drum holding portion, the height of which is adjustable, and a support column for supporting the brake drum from below. The jig for attaching and detaching the brake drum according to claim 1. 3. The mounting / removing jig for a brake drum according to claim 1, wherein a fulcrum shaft projecting downward on a side opposite to a mounting side of the brake drum is mounted on the movable gantry. Utensils.