JP2002188089A - Coal gasification apparatus for liquid fuel production - Google Patents
Coal gasification apparatus for liquid fuel productionInfo
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- JP2002188089A JP2002188089A JP2000387118A JP2000387118A JP2002188089A JP 2002188089 A JP2002188089 A JP 2002188089A JP 2000387118 A JP2000387118 A JP 2000387118A JP 2000387118 A JP2000387118 A JP 2000387118A JP 2002188089 A JP2002188089 A JP 2002188089A
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- liquid fuel
- gas
- coal
- gasifier
- gas composition
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Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、石炭をガス化した
ガス化ガスから液体燃料を製造するための液体燃料製造
用石炭ガス化装置に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a coal gasifier for producing a liquid fuel for producing a liquid fuel from a gasified gas obtained by gasifying coal.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】ガス化炉に石炭スラリと酸素を供給し、
石炭を部分酸化させつつ水蒸気の存在下で還元して得ら
れるＣＯ，Ｈ2 ，Ｈ2 Ｏ，ＣＯ2 を主成分とする石炭ガ
ス化ガスを原料として、メタノールやＤＭＥ（ジメチル
エーテル）を製造することが提案されている。2. Description of the Related Art Coal slurry and oxygen are supplied to a gasifier,
Production of methanol or DME (dimethyl ether) from a coal gasification gas containing CO, H 2 , H 2 O, and CO 2 as main components obtained by reducing coal in the presence of steam while partially oxidizing the coal. Has been proposed.
【０００３】例えば、ＤＭＥは、ディーゼルエンジンの
燃料として使用される軽油とセタン価がほぼ同じであ
り、軽油に比べてクリーンな排ガスとなるため、代替え
燃料として期待されている。[0003] For example, DME has almost the same cetane number as light oil used as a fuel for a diesel engine, and is a clean exhaust gas as compared with light oil. Therefore, DME is expected as an alternative fuel.
【０００４】この石炭をガス化し、液体燃料を製造する
プロセスにおいて、ＤＭＥなどの製造側には、ガス組成
の最適ポイント（ＤＭＥで、Ｈ2 ／ＣＯ＝１．０、メタ
ノールで、Ｈ2 ／ＣＯ＝２．０）がある。[0004] In the process of gasifying coal to produce a liquid fuel, the production side of DME or the like is provided with the optimum point of the gas composition (H 2 /CO=1.0 in DME, H 2 / CO in methanol). = 2.0).
【０００５】これに対してガス化炉で発生する石炭ガス
化ガスのＨ2 ／ＣＯは、０．５〜０．８であり、液体燃
料を製造するプロセスとはガス組成が一致しないので、
目的の液体燃料を製造するには、ガス組成を最適ポイン
トに合わせる必要がある。On the other hand, the H 2 / CO of the coal gasification gas generated in the gasification furnace is 0.5 to 0.8, and the gas composition does not match that of the process for producing liquid fuel.
To produce the desired liquid fuel, the gas composition must be adjusted to the optimum point.
【０００６】そこで、発生したガス化ガスをＣＯシフト
反応器で、ＣＯとＨ2 Ｏを反応させて、Ｈ2 Ｏ，ＣＯ2
にシフト反応（Ｈ2 Ｏ＋ＣＯ→Ｈ2 ＋ＣＯ2 ）させ、ガ
ス化ガスのＨ2 ／ＣＯの組成比を変化させることが提案
されている。Therefore, the generated gasified gas is reacted with CO and H 2 O in a CO shift reactor to produce H 2 O, CO 2
(H 2 O + CO → H 2 + CO 2 ) to change the composition ratio of H 2 / CO in the gasified gas.
【０００７】[0007]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、ＣＯシ
フト反応器は、高価なＣＯシフト触媒が必要であり、ま
た発熱反応（温度２５０〜３００℃）であるため、温度
調節用の熱交換器が必要であり、建設費及び運転費が高
くなる問題がある。However, since the CO shift reactor requires an expensive CO shift catalyst and is an exothermic reaction (250-300 ° C.), a heat exchanger for controlling the temperature is required. However, there is a problem that construction costs and operation costs are increased.
【０００８】そこで、本発明の目的は、上記課題を解決
し、液体燃料合成側が要求するガス組成を得ることがで
きる液体燃料製造用石炭ガス化装置を提供することにあ
る。Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems and to provide a coal gasifier for producing liquid fuel which can obtain a gas composition required by a liquid fuel synthesizing side.
【０００９】[0009]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記目的を達成するため
に、請求項１の発明は、ガス化炉で石炭をガス化し、そ
のガス化ガスから液体燃料を合成する液体燃料製造用石
炭ガス化装置において、ガス化炉で生成したガス化ガス
のガス組成を分析し、そのガス組成が、合成する液体燃
料に対して要求する最適ガス組成となるように、ガス化
炉に供給する蒸気量を調節するようにした液体燃料製造
用石炭ガス化装置である。In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, a first aspect of the present invention is a gasification coal for gasifying coal in a gasification furnace and synthesizing a liquid fuel from the gasification gas. In the device, the gas composition of the gasification gas generated in the gasification furnace is analyzed, and the amount of steam supplied to the gasification furnace is adjusted so that the gas composition becomes the optimum gas composition required for the liquid fuel to be synthesized. It is a coal gasifier for producing liquid fuel, which is adjusted.
【００１０】請求項２の発明は、ガス化炉に石炭スラリ
供給ラインと酸素供給ラインを接続し、そのガス化炉
に、生成したガス化ガスを精製するガス精製装置を接続
し、そのガス精製装置の下流に液体燃料製造装置を接続
した液体燃料製造用石炭ガス化装置において、ガス精製
装置と液体燃料製造装置間にガス組成分析器を接続し、
他方上記酸素供給ラインに蒸気供給ラインを接続し、そ
の蒸気供給ラインに、ガス組成分析器の分析値に応じて
蒸気投入量を調節する調整弁を接続した液体燃料製造用
石炭ガス化装置である。According to a second aspect of the present invention, a coal slurry supply line and an oxygen supply line are connected to a gasification furnace, and a gas purification device for purifying generated gasified gas is connected to the gasification furnace. In a coal gasifier for liquid fuel production with a liquid fuel production device connected downstream of the device, a gas composition analyzer is connected between the gas purification device and the liquid fuel production device,
On the other hand, there is provided a coal gasifier for liquid fuel production in which a steam supply line is connected to the oxygen supply line, and a regulating valve for adjusting a steam input amount in accordance with an analysis value of a gas composition analyzer is connected to the steam supply line. .
【００１１】請求項３の発明は、液体燃料製造装置がメ
タノール合成装置からなり、ガス組成分析器は、ガス精
製装置からのガス化ガスのＨ2 ／ＣＯが、約２．０とな
るよう上記調整弁を制御する請求項２記載の液体燃料製
造用石炭ガス化装置である。According to a third aspect of the present invention, the liquid fuel production apparatus comprises a methanol synthesizing apparatus, and the gas composition analyzer comprises a gas refining apparatus wherein the H 2 / CO of the gasified gas from the gas purifying apparatus is about 2.0. 3. The coal gasifier for producing liquid fuel according to claim 2, wherein the coal gasifier controls a regulating valve.
【００１２】請求項４の発明は、液体燃料製造装置がジ
メチルエーテル合成装置からなり、ガス組成分析器は、
ガス精製装置からのガス化ガスのＨ2 ／ＣＯが、約１．
０となるよう上記調整弁を制御する請求項２記載の液体
燃料製造用石炭ガス化装置である。According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the liquid fuel production apparatus comprises a dimethyl ether synthesis apparatus, and the gas composition analyzer comprises:
The H 2 / CO of the gasification gas from the gas purification unit is about 1.
3. The coal gasifier for producing liquid fuel according to claim 2, wherein said regulating valve is controlled to be zero.
【００１３】[0013]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明の好適実施の形態を
添付図面に基づいて詳述する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
【００１４】図１において、１０はガス化炉で、頂部に
石炭スラリ供給ライン１１と酸素供給ライン１２とが接
続され、その酸素供給ライン１２に蒸気供給ライン１３
が接続され、底部には、石炭灰排出ライン１４が接続さ
れる。1, a gasification furnace 10 is connected to a coal slurry supply line 11 and an oxygen supply line 12 at the top, and a steam supply line 13 is connected to the oxygen supply line 12.
Is connected, and a coal ash discharge line 14 is connected to the bottom.
【００１５】このガス化炉１０では、石炭スラリ供給ラ
イン１１から供給された石炭と酸素供給ライン１２と蒸
気供給ライン１３から供給された酸素と蒸気により、石
炭を部分酸化させつつ水蒸気の存在下で還元してＣＯ，
Ｈ2 ，Ｈ2 Ｏ，ＣＯ2 を主成分とする石炭ガス化ガスを
生成する。In the gasifier 10, coal is partially oxidized by the coal supplied from the coal slurry supply line 11 and the oxygen and steam supplied from the oxygen supply line 12 and the steam supply line 13 in the presence of steam while being partially oxidized. Reduce to CO,
A coal gasification gas containing H 2 , H 2 O, and CO 2 as main components is generated.
【００１６】ガス化炉１０からのガス化ガスは、ライン
１５からガス精製装置１６に導入され、そこで、生成し
た石炭ガス化ガス中のＨ2 Ｓやばい塵を脱硫・脱じんし
てガス化ガスを精製する。ガス精製装置１６で精製され
たガス化ガスは、ライン１７から液体燃料製造装置１８
に導入され、そこで、メタノール、ＤＭＥ等の液体燃料
１９に合成される。The gasification gas from the gasification furnace 10 is introduced from a line 15 into a gas purification device 16, where H 2 S and soot and dust in the produced coal gasification gas are desulfurized and degassed to obtain a gasification gas. Is purified. The gasified gas purified by the gas purification device 16 is supplied from a line 17 to a liquid fuel production device 18.
Where it is synthesized into a liquid fuel 19 such as methanol or DME.
【００１７】本発明においては、ライン１７にガス組成
分析器２０が接続され、そのガス分析器２０での分析し
たガス組成が、合成する液体燃料に対して要求する最適
ガス組成となるように蒸気供給ライン１２に接続した調
整弁２１を調整してガス化炉１０に投入する蒸気添加量
を制御し、生成されるガス化ガスの組成比を調整するよ
うにしたものである。In the present invention, a gas composition analyzer 20 is connected to the line 17, and the vapor composition is adjusted so that the gas composition analyzed by the gas analyzer 20 becomes the optimum gas composition required for the liquid fuel to be synthesized. The control valve 21 connected to the supply line 12 is adjusted to control the amount of steam added to the gasification furnace 10 to adjust the composition ratio of the generated gasification gas.
【００１８】次に本発明の作用を説明する。Next, the operation of the present invention will be described.
【００１９】ガス化炉１０で生成されるガス化ガスの組
成は、蒸気添加量を０とすると下記の組成比率となる。The composition of the gasified gas generated in the gasification furnace 10 has the following composition ratio when the amount of added steam is zero.
【００２０】ＣＯ 約３６％ Ｈ2 約２９％ Ｈ2 Ｏ 約２０％ ＣＯ2 約１４％ これに対して、メタノール合成反応は、圧力５〜１０Ｍ
Ｐａ、温度２３０〜２８０℃の条件下で、触媒反応器
で、下式の反応で合成する。[0020] for CO about 36% H 2 to about 29% H 2 O to about 20% CO 2 14% this, methanol synthesis reaction, the pressure 5~10M
It synthesize | combines by the reaction of the following type | formula in a catalytic reactor under conditions of Pa and temperature of 230-280 degreeC.
【００２１】ＣＯ ＋ ２Ｈ2 → ＣＨ3 ＯＨ この場合、Ｈ2 ／ＣＯは、Ｈ2 ／ＣＯ＝２．０となる。CO + 2H 2 → CH 3 OH In this case, H 2 / CO becomes H 2 /CO=2.0.
【００２２】また、ＤＭＥ合成は、圧力５ＭＰａ、温度
２６０℃の条件下で、触媒反応器で、下式の反応で合成
する。The DME is synthesized by the following reaction in a catalytic reactor under the conditions of a pressure of 5 MPa and a temperature of 260 ° C.
【００２３】 ３Ｈ2 ＋ ３ＣＯ → ＣＨ3 ＯＣＨ3 ＋ ＣＯ2 この場合、Ｈ2 ／ＣＯは、Ｈ2 ／ＣＯ＝１．０となる。3H 2 + 3CO → CH 3 OCH 3 + CO 2 In this case, H 2 / CO becomes H 2 /CO=1.0.
【００２４】さて、図２は、石炭スラリ（石炭濃度５０
％以上の石炭水スラリ）を酸素でガス化した場合の、石
炭に対する蒸気の添加量を０％から１６０％まで変えた
ときのＣＯとＨ2 のガス組成比を示したものである。FIG. 2 shows a coal slurry (coal concentration of 50%).
2 shows the gas composition ratio of CO and H 2 when the amount of steam added to coal is changed from 0% to 160% when gaseous coal water slurry (% or more) is gasified with oxygen.
【００２５】図２において、曲線ａは、ＣＯのガス組成
変化を示し、曲線ｂは、Ｈ2 のガス組成変化（但し水蒸
気を除いたドライベース換算）を示している。In FIG. 2, a curve a indicates a change in the gas composition of CO, and a curve b indicates a change in the gas composition of H 2 (however, in terms of dry base excluding water vapor).
【００２６】図において、ＣＯは、水蒸気添加が０で
は、ＣＯガス組成が４８％、Ｈ2 ガス組成が３６％であ
り、水蒸気の添加と共にＣＯガス組成が下がり、その分
Ｈ2 ガス組成が上昇し、０〜１４０％の水蒸気添加で、
Ｈ2 ／ＣＯ組成比を、０．７〜１．３の範囲で変化でき
る。In the figure, when the addition of water vapor is 0, the CO gas composition is 48% and the H 2 gas composition is 36%. The CO gas composition decreases with the addition of water vapor, and the H 2 gas composition increases accordingly. And with the addition of 0-140% steam,
The H 2 / CO composition ratio can be changed in the range of 0.7 to 1.3.
【００２７】そして、Ｈ2 ／ＣＯ組成比が１．０となる
水蒸気添加率は、約７０％弱、２．０となる水蒸気添加
率は、１４０％以上とする。なお水蒸気添加量が多すぎ
るとガス化炉１０での部分酸化による還元が良好に行わ
れなくなるため、最大値にはガス化炉１０によって限度
がある。The steam addition ratio at which the H 2 / CO composition ratio is 1.0 is less than about 70%, and the steam addition ratio at which the H 2 / CO ratio is 2.0 is 140% or more. If the amount of added steam is too large, reduction by partial oxidation in the gasification furnace 10 cannot be performed well, so the maximum value is limited by the gasification furnace 10.
【００２８】このように、図１で説明したガス分析器２
０でのガス組成比が液体燃料製造装置１８側で要求する
最適なガス組成比となるように調整弁２１を制御して蒸
気投入量を調整すればよい。As described above, the gas analyzer 2 described with reference to FIG.
The control valve 21 may be controlled to adjust the amount of steam input so that the gas composition ratio at 0 becomes the optimum gas composition ratio required on the liquid fuel production apparatus 18 side.
【００２９】この場合、液体燃料製造装置１８がＤＭＥ
合成であれば、図２よりＨ2 ／ＣＯ組成比が１．０とな
る７０％弱の蒸気添加率となるように調整弁２１を制御
し、またメタノール合成であれば、蒸気添加率を、ガス
化炉１０でガス化反応を阻害しない程度で最大限添加す
ればよい。In this case, the liquid fuel production apparatus 18
In the case of synthesis, the regulating valve 21 is controlled so that the H 2 / CO composition ratio becomes less than 70% at which the H 2 / CO composition ratio becomes 1.0, and in the case of methanol synthesis, the steam addition rate is What is necessary is just to add as much as possible not to hinder the gasification reaction in the gasification furnace 10.
【００３０】[0030]
【発明の効果】以上要するに本発明によれば、次の如き
優れた効果を発揮する。In summary, according to the present invention, the following excellent effects are exhibited.
【００３１】（１）生成したガス化ガスのガス組成を分
析し、液体合成に最適な組成となるように、ガス化炉に
水蒸気を投入することで、液体燃料合成に最適なガス化
ガスを生成できる。(1) The gas composition of the generated gasified gas is analyzed, and steam is injected into the gasification furnace so that the composition becomes the optimum composition for liquid synthesis. Can be generated.
【００３２】（２）高価なＣＯシフト触媒が不要にな
り、建設費及び運転費が安くなる。(2) Since an expensive CO shift catalyst is not required, construction costs and operation costs are reduced.
【００３３】（３）ＣＯシフト反応は発熱反応であり、
温度調節用に熱交換器が必要であるが、ガス組成をガス
化炉で調整できるので、熱交換器が不要であり、建設費
が低く、系統がシンプルで運転が容易にできる。(3) The CO shift reaction is an exothermic reaction,
Although a heat exchanger is required for temperature control, the gas composition can be adjusted by the gasifier, so no heat exchanger is required, the construction cost is low, the system is simple, and the operation is easy.
【図１】本発明の一実施の形態を示す図である。FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】本発明において、ガス化炉への水蒸気添加によ
る発生ガス組成変化を示す図である。FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a change in generated gas composition due to addition of steam to a gasification furnace in the present invention.
１０ ガス化炉 １１ 石炭スラリ供給ライン １２ 酸素供給ライン １３ 蒸気供給ライン １６ ガス精製装置 １８ 液体燃料製造装置 ２０ ガス組成分析器 ２１ 調整弁 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Gasifier 11 Coal slurry supply line 12 Oxygen supply line 13 Steam supply line 16 Gas purification device 18 Liquid fuel production device 20 Gas composition analyzer 21 Adjustment valve
Claims (4)
ガスから液体燃料を合成する液体燃料製造用石炭ガス化
装置において、ガス化炉で生成したガス化ガスのガス組
成を分析し、そのガス組成が、合成する液体燃料に対し
て要求する最適ガス組成となるように、ガス化炉に供給
する蒸気量を調節することを特徴とする液体燃料製造用
石炭ガス化装置。In a coal gasifier for producing liquid fuel for gasifying coal in a gasifier and synthesizing liquid fuel from the gasified gas, the gas composition of the gasified gas generated in the gasifier is analyzed. A coal gasifier for producing liquid fuel, wherein the amount of steam supplied to the gasifier is adjusted so that the gas composition becomes the optimum gas composition required for the liquid fuel to be synthesized.
供給ラインを接続し、そのガス化炉に、生成したガス化
ガスを精製するガス精製装置を接続し、そのガス精製装
置の下流に液体燃料製造装置を接続した液体燃料製造用
石炭ガス化装置において、ガス精製装置と液体燃料製造
装置間にガス組成分析器を接続し、他方上記酸素供給ラ
インに蒸気供給ラインを接続し、その蒸気供給ライン
に、ガス組成分析器の分析値に応じて蒸気投入量を調節
する調整弁を接続したことを特徴とする液体燃料製造用
石炭ガス化装置。2. A coal slurry supply line and an oxygen supply line are connected to the gasifier, and a gas purifier for purifying generated gasified gas is connected to the gasifier, and a liquid is provided downstream of the gas purifier. In a coal gasifier for liquid fuel production to which a fuel production device is connected, a gas composition analyzer is connected between the gas purification device and the liquid fuel production device, while a steam supply line is connected to the oxygen supply line, and the steam supply A coal gasifier for producing liquid fuel, characterized in that a control valve for adjusting a steam input amount according to an analysis value of a gas composition analyzer is connected to the line.
からなり、ガス組成分析器は、ガス精製装置からのガス
化ガスのＨ2 ／ＣＯが、約２．０となるよう上記調整弁
を制御する請求項２記載の液体燃料製造用石炭ガス化装
置。3. The liquid fuel production apparatus comprises a methanol synthesis apparatus, and the gas composition analyzer controls the regulating valve so that the H 2 / CO of the gasified gas from the gas purification apparatus becomes about 2.0. The coal gasifier for producing liquid fuel according to claim 2.
成装置からなり、ガス組成分析器は、ガス精製装置から
のガス化ガスのＨ2 ／ＣＯが、約１．０となるよう上記
調整弁を制御する請求項２記載の液体燃料製造用石炭ガ
ス化装置。4. The liquid fuel production apparatus comprises a dimethyl ether synthesis apparatus, and the gas composition analyzer controls the regulating valve so that the H 2 / CO of the gasified gas from the gas purification apparatus becomes about 1.0. The coal gasifier for producing liquid fuel according to claim 2.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000387118A JP2002188089A (en) | 2000-12-20 | 2000-12-20 | Coal gasification apparatus for liquid fuel production |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000387118A JP2002188089A (en) | 2000-12-20 | 2000-12-20 | Coal gasification apparatus for liquid fuel production |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2002188089A true JP2002188089A (en) | 2002-07-05 |
Family
ID=18854109
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000387118A Pending JP2002188089A (en) | 2000-12-20 | 2000-12-20 | Coal gasification apparatus for liquid fuel production |
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|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2002188089A (en) |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH10195459A (en) * | 1996-12-30 | 1998-07-28 | Nkk Corp | Production apparatus of stock gas for synthesizing dimethyl ether |
| JPH11190206A (en) * | 1997-12-25 | 1999-07-13 | Toshiba Corp | Coal gasifying compound production plant |
-
2000
- 2000-12-20 JP JP2000387118A patent/JP2002188089A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH10195459A (en) * | 1996-12-30 | 1998-07-28 | Nkk Corp | Production apparatus of stock gas for synthesizing dimethyl ether |
| JPH11190206A (en) * | 1997-12-25 | 1999-07-13 | Toshiba Corp | Coal gasifying compound production plant |
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