JP2002186584A - Ophthalmoscopic instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an ophthalmoscopic instrument capable of aligning the optical axes of the respective incident light fluxes incident on the left eye and the right eye from left and right measuring optical systems with the optical axis of the left eye and the optical axis of the right eye at a time when the ophthalmoscopy of eyes to be examined is performed by converging the left eye and the right eye. SOLUTION: The ophthalmoscopic instrument is provided with leftward and rightward drive devices for driving respective ophthalmoscopic units 16L and 16R left and right, a horizontal direction rotary drive device for driving the measuring units 16L and 16R to revolve them in a horizontal direction, and an operational control circuit controlling the operation of the leftward and rightward drive devices at the time of proximal measurement due to the convergence of left and right eyes to be examined to allow the left and right ophthalmoscopic units 16L and 16R to relatively approach each other and controlling the operation of the horizontal direction rotary drive device to perform the convergence control of the left and right ophthalmoscopic units 16L and 16R to align the measuring optical axes going toward the eyes to be examined from the left and right ophthalmoscopic units 16L and 16R with the optical axes of the left and right eyes to be examined at the time of convergence.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an optometry apparatus for inspecting an eye to be examined.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as this type of optometric apparatus, there is an eye refractive power measuring apparatus for measuring an eye refractive power of an eye to be examined. This eye refractive power measuring device is disclosed in JP-A-2000-83900.
There is known an optometry apparatus as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Publication No. H10-26095. The optometry apparatus disclosed in this publication has left and right measurement optical systems. Each of the measurement optical systems includes a target means, a mirror base provided to be drivable in the left-right direction, and an angle variable that is supported by the mirror base and allows index light from the target means to enter the eye of the subject. Has a mirror. Moreover, in this optometric apparatus, the left eye and the right eye of the subject can visually recognize the left and right optotype means via the left and right angle variable mirrors. Further, in this optometric apparatus, the distance between the angle-variable mirrors can be adjusted to match the interpupillary distance of the eye to be inspected by driving the left and right mirror stands relatively close to and away from each other.

[0003]

In the above-mentioned optometry apparatus, the angle of the angle variable mirror can be changed to measure the eye position. However, the measurement when the left and right eyes of the subject are converged is performed. Was not considered. That is, in this optometry apparatus, the left and right angle variable mirrors are used to adjust the optical axis of each incident light beam incident on the left eye or the right eye from the left and right measurement optical systems to the optical axis of the left eye and the optical axis of the right eye. It was not controlled to change the angle.

[0004] At the time of such an eye examination in which the left eye and the right eye of the subject are converged, the optical axis of each incident light beam incident on the left eye or the right eye from the left and right measurement optical systems is changed to the optical axis of the left eye and the optical axis of the left eye. Matching to the optical axis of the right eye is preferable for accurate measurement.

[0005] Therefore, the present invention relates to a method in which a left eye and a right eye are converged and the optical axis of each incident light beam incident on the left eye or the right eye from the left and right measurement optical systems is changed to the light of the left eye. It is an object of the present invention to provide an optometric apparatus that can be adjusted to the optical axis of the right eye and the optical axis of the right eye.

[0006]

In order to achieve this object, a first aspect of the present invention is a left optometry unit capable of at least relatively approaching / leaving to the left and right and capable of examining the functions of the left and right eyes to be examined. An optometry apparatus having a right optometry unit and a right optometry unit, wherein left and right driving means for driving each of the optometry units to the left and right, and turning drive means for turning each of the optometry units in a horizontal direction are provided. At the time of near vision measurement due to the convergence of the eye to be examined, the left and right optometry units are relatively controlled by operating and controlling the respective left and right driving units, and the turning driving unit is operated and controlled to operate the left and right eye units. An optometry apparatus provided with control means for performing convergence control of an optometry unit so as to match a measurement optical axis from each of the optometry units to the subject's eye with an optical axis of the left and right subject's eyes at the time of convergence. Characterized in that it was.

[0007]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes an optometry table whose height can be adjusted up and down, 2 denotes an optometry apparatus disposed on the optometry table 1, 3 denotes an optometry chair, and 4 denotes a subject sitting on the optometry chair 3. is there.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 7, the optometry apparatus 2 has a box body 5 formed in an inverted L-shape from an upright portion 5a and an upper horizontal portion 5b, and a left and right front of the upright portion 5a. It has flat support parts 6 and 7 provided integrally on both sides and extending toward the front. Further, the optometry apparatus 2 includes cursor keys (cursor buttons) 8, 9, provided on the left flat support portion 6.
The joystick has a joystick lever 12 provided on the right flat supporting portion 7. At the upper end of the joystick lever 12, a push button switch 12a is provided.

Further, the optometry apparatus 2 has a stay 13 attached downward to the lower surface of the central portion of the horizontal portion 5a, a support shaft 14 protruding from the stay 13, and a circle attached to the support shaft 14. An arc-shaped forehead 15 and a left optometry unit (left-eye inspection unit) 1 disposed on each of the left and right sides of the forehead 15
6L and a right optometry unit (right eye examination unit) 16R.

The optometry units 16L and 16R are supported on the horizontal portion 5a by support means 17L and 17R which can be driven in three dimensions. The support means 17L includes a three-dimensional driving device (three-dimensional driving mechanism, left driving means) 18L provided in the horizontal portion 5a and a horizontal device provided below the three-dimensional driving device 18L which is a three-dimensional driving means. It has a rotation device (horizontal rotation drive device) 19L. Also, the support means 17
R denotes a three-dimensional driving device (three-dimensional driving mechanism, right driving means) 18R disposed in the horizontal portion 5a, and a horizontal rotating device (R) disposed below the three-dimensional driving device 18R which is a three-dimensional driving means. (Horizontal rotation driving device) 19R. <Three-dimensional driving device> Three-dimensional driving device (three-dimensional driving means)
Reference numerals 18L and 18R denote a Y (vertical) driving device (driving means) 20 for vertically driving the support shaft 20a using a pulse motor, a hydraulic cylinder, or the like, and a Y (vertical) mounted on the lower end of the support shaft 20a. ) Directional movement support member 21 and Y
A Z (front-back) movement support member 22 attached to the direction movement support member 21 so as to be movable in the Z (front-back) direction, and an X (movable) attached to the Z-direction movement support member 22 in the X (left-right) direction. (Left and right) direction support member 23.

As shown in FIG. 8, the Z-direction moving support member 22 is a Z-direction driving device (driving means) 24 such as a pulse motor attached to the Y-direction moving supporting member 21.
And a feed screw 25 rotated and driven by a Z-direction drive unit 24 to drive the Z-axis drive unit 24 to move forward and backward in the Z (front-back) direction. The X-direction moving support member 23 is rotationally driven by a left-right driving device (driving unit) 26 such as a pulse motor attached to the Z-direction moving supporting member 22 and a left-right driving device (left-right driving device) 26. The feed screw 27 is driven to move forward and backward in the X (left and right) direction. <Horizontal rotating device> In addition, a horizontal rotating device (horizontal rotating means,
The turning drive means 19L and 19R are three-dimensional drive devices 18
Horizontal rotation driving devices (convergence driving means, turning driving means) 28, 28 such as a pulse motor fixed to the center of the X movement supporting members 23, 23 of L, 18R;
A rotary shaft 29 driven to rotate about a vertical axis by
29. And, this rotating shaft 29, 29
The left optometry unit 16L and the right optometry unit 16R
Has been fixed. <Ophthalmology unit> The left optometry unit 16L and the right optometry unit 16R have substantially the same configuration except that some of them are omitted. First, the measurement optical system of the left optometry unit 16L will be described. (A) Measurement optical system of left optometry unit 16L and its control system The measurement optics of left optometry unit 16L are shown in FIGS.
0, an anterior ocular segment imaging optical system 30L, an XY alignment optical system 31L, a fixation optical system 32L, and a refractive power measuring optical system 33L shown in FIG. The right optometry unit 16
The R measuring optical system includes an anterior ocular segment photographing optical system 30R, an XY alignment optical system 31R, a fixation optical system 32R, and a refractive power measuring optical system 33 as shown in FIGS.
R. (Anterior segment imaging optical system 30L) Anterior segment imaging optical system 30L
Has an anterior segment illumination optical system 34 and an imaging optical system (observation optical system) 35 for observation and imaging. This anterior segment illumination optical system 3
4 includes a light source 36 for illuminating the anterior segment, a diaphragm 36a, and a projection lens 37 for projecting light from the light source 36 to the anterior segment of the eye E to be examined.

The photographing optical system 35 includes a prism P on which reflected light from the anterior segment of the subject's eye E enters, and an objective lens 3.
8, dichroic mirror 39, diaphragm 40, dichroic mirror 41, relay lenses 42, 43, dichroic mirror 44, CCD lens (imaging lens) 45, C
A CD (imaging means) 46 is provided in this order. (XY alignment optical system 31L) The XY alignment optical system 31L has an alignment illumination optical system 47 and a photographing optical system 35 as an alignment light receiving optical system. As shown in FIG. 10, the alignment illumination optical system 47 includes an illumination light source 48 for alignment, a diaphragm 49 as an alignment target, a relay lens 50, a dichroic mirror 41, a diaphragm 40, a dichroic mirror 39, an objective lens 38, and a prism. P in this order. (Fixation Optical System 32L) The fixation optical system 32L includes a liquid crystal display (display means) 53 for displaying a fixation target, a chart for subjective optometry, a reflection mirror 54, a collimator lens 55,
Reflection mirror 56, moving lens 57, relay lens 58,
59, reflection mirror 60, dichroic mirror 61, 3
9, an objective lens 38 and a prism P in this order.

In the fixation target optical system 32L, the moving lens 57 can be moved in the optical axis direction by a pulse motor (fixation cloud fog driving means) PMa in accordance with the refractive power of the eye to be examined, and the fixation cloud is formed. be able to. (Refractive power measuring optical system 33L) Refractive power measuring optical system 33L
Are the measuring beam projection optical system 62 and the measuring beam receiving optical system 6
3

The measurement light beam projection optical system 62 includes a measurement light source 64 such as an infrared LED, a collimator lens 65, a conical prism 66, a ring target 67, a relay lens 68, a ring stop 69, and a through hole 70a formed in the center. It has a perforated prism 70, dichroic mirrors 61 and 39, an objective lens 38 and a prism P in this order.

The measuring light beam receiving optical system 63 includes a prism P for receiving light reflected from the fundus oculi Ef of the eye E, an objective lens 38, dichroic mirrors 39 and 61, a through hole 70a of a perforated prism 70, and a reflecting mirror. 71, a relay lens 72, a moving lens 73, a reflection mirror 74, a dichroic mirror 44, a CCD lens 45, and a CCD 46 in this order.

The measuring optical system of the right optometric unit 16R is exactly the same as the measuring optical system of the left optometric unit 16L, and a description thereof will be omitted. (Control Circuit of Left Optometry Unit 16L) The above-described driving devices 20, 24, 26, and 28, the light source 36 for anterior segment observation, the liquid crystal display 53, the measurement light source 64, and the pulse motor PMa
Are controlled by the arithmetic and control circuit 90 shown in FIG. Further, a detection signal from the CCD is input to the arithmetic control circuit 90. (B) Measurement optical system and control system of right optometry unit 16R The right optometry unit 16R has the same configuration as the left optometry unit 16L as described above. <Overall Control Circuit> As shown in FIG. 14, the overall control circuit includes control circuits (control means) 90, 90 for the optometry units 16L, 16R, and an arithmetic control circuit (control circuit) for controlling the control circuits 90, 90. (Control means) 91. The arithmetic control circuit 91 includes a tilt detection sensor 12b that detects a tilting operation of the push button switch 12a and the joystick lever 12 to the front / rear and left / right, and a rotation sensor 12c that detects a turning operation of the joystick lever 12 around the axis. Is connected. Further, a display device (display means) 92 such as a liquid crystal display is connected to the arithmetic control circuit 91. The liquid crystal display device 92 is disposed and used on the front side of the box body 5 as shown in FIG.

The arithmetic control circuit 91 is connected to recording means 91a such as an information recording / reproducing device (information recording / reproducing means) and storage means 91b such as a memory.

Next, the state of use of the eye-refractive-power inspection apparatus having such a configuration will be described. [1]. Adjustment of the height of the optometry unit, etc. The examinee 4 is seated on the chair 3 as shown in FIG. 1 so that the heights of the prisms P, P of the optometry units 16L, 16R become the heights of the eyes of the subject 4. Then, the height of the optometry table 1 is adjusted up and down by a vertical drive unit (not shown). A well-known vertical drive mechanism for the optometry table 1 can be employed, and a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

Although not shown, a column which can be moved up and down by a manual operation means or a driving motor such as a pulse motor is provided on the flat support (base member) 6, and a chin rest is provided on this column. it can. For example, as a manual operation means, for example, a configuration in which a rack is provided on a column of a chin support, a pinion that meshes with the rack is attached to one end of a rotation operation shaft, and a rotation operation knob is attached to the other end of the rotation operation shaft. It is good. In this configuration, by rotating the rotation operation knob, the pinion is rotated, and the rotation of the pinion is converted into vertical movement of the support via the rack, and the vertical movement of the support and the chin rest are integrally performed. become.

By providing such a chin rest, the height of the prisms P, P of the optometry units 16L, 16R is substantially raised by moving the optometry table 1 up and down according to the sitting height of the subject. After roughly adjusting the height to the eye height of No. 4, the optometry units 16L and 16R are adjusted by adjusting the height of the chin support.
Can be finely adjusted so that the height of the prisms P, P is the height of the eye of the subject 4. [2] Alignment (1). Optometry units 16L, 16 for far vision state
R Drive Control Next, when the subject 4 turns on the power supply of the optometric device 2 (not shown), the arithmetic control circuit 91 causes the display device 92 to sequentially display the use procedure. The subject 4 proceeds with the optometry according to the procedure.

At this time, the arithmetic control circuit 91 controls the operation of the arithmetic control circuits 90, 90 of the optometry units 16L, 16R, so that the left eye (examined eye) EL and the right eye (examined eye) of the subject 4 are examined. ) Preparation for the alignment operation for the ER is started. That is, the arithmetic and control circuits 90, 90 of the optometry units 16L, 16R turn on the anterior segment observation light source 36, the alignment illumination light source 48, and the like of the optometry units 16L, 16R, and operate the liquid crystal display 53. Then, the fixation target is displayed on the liquid crystal display 53.

The operation control circuits 90, 90 of the optometry units 16L, 16R control the operation of the horizontal rotation driving devices 28, 28 based on the control signal from the operation control circuit 91, and thereby the prisms of the optometry units 16L, 16R. The optical axes OL and OR from P and P toward the subject 4 are made parallel as shown in FIGS.

In this case, the operation of the arithmetic control circuits 90 and 90 is controlled by the arithmetic control circuit 91 so that the optometric unit 16 is operated.
The left and right driving devices (driving means) 26, 26, such as L, 16R pulse motors, are driven and controlled by the arithmetic and control circuits 90, 90, so that the X-direction moving support members 23, 23 of the optometry units 16L, 16R move left and right. By controlling the movement, the optical axis (measurement optical axis) O of the optometry units 16L and 16R
The interval between L and OR is defined as the interval between the left eye (examined eye) EL and the right eye (examined eye) ER of the subject 4, that is, the interpupillary distance P of the subject 4.
It is desirable to match D. (i) Optical axis (measurement optical axis) O of the optometry units 16L and 16R
L, OR interval setting (using PD value) <When there is measurement data of PD value> Therefore, the distance between the optical axes of the left and right lenses of the glasses is measured by a lens meter or the like, and there is data of the distance between the optical axes. In this case, since this data is a PD value, the data of the distance between optical axes is input from the lens meter to the arithmetic and control circuit 91 as data of the PD value via the communication means. As this communication means, a cable, a network, wireless, light, or the like can be used. Alternatively, a PD value input unit such as a keyboard for inputting the PD value may be prepared, and the PD value may be input by the user or the assistant.

In this case, when the actually measured PD value is inputted, the arithmetic control circuits 91, 90
Is operated to control the left and right direction driving devices (driving means) 26, 26 such as pulse motors of the optometry units 16L, 16R by the arithmetic and control circuits 90, 90, thereby moving the optometry units 16L, 16R in the X direction. The optometry unit 16 is controlled by moving the support members 23, 23 left and right.
The distance between the optical axes OL and OR of L and 16R is set to the left eye E of the subject 4.
L, the distance between the right eye ER, ie, the pupil distance PD of the subject 4
Adjust to <When there is no measurement data of PD value>
If there is no data of the D value, the PD value is set as follows. For example, the pupil distance PD of a human is a child and an adult,
Men and women are often very different. The variation of the interpupillary distance PD in this case is approximately 50 mm to 80 mm.
And widely distributed. Therefore, considering the case of a normal male adult, for example, 65 mm, which is an intermediate value between 50 mm and 80 mm, is set as the initial setting value (standard value) of the interpupillary distance PD of the adult.

The PD value (pupil distance PD) according to age
As shown in Table 1, for example, the average of Table 4 1 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 PD value (mm) 48 51 51 53 53 53 56 56 56 56 is obtained. As can be seen from Table 1, PD at a young age
Although the change in the value is large, it is almost stable after the age of 10 years.

As shown in Table 2, gender PD values are as shown in Table 2. 1% 2.5% 5% 25% 50% 75% 95% 97.5% 99% Male (mm) 53 56 58 61 64 66 69 69 71 Female (mm) 48 48 51 56 58 61 66 66 69 Here, the PD value for a male is 53 mm = 1
%, 56 mm is less than 2.5%, 58 mm is less than 5%... 71 mm is less than 99%. Also, the PD value in the case of a woman is less than 1% for 48 mm, less than 2.5% for 48 mm, less than 5% for 51 mm ... 99 for 99 mm.
%.

Further, the PD values of men and women are determined with reference to the data in Tables 1 and 2. In the case of a man, assuming that a PD value for an age Am of 19 years or less is PDm, PDm can be obtained according to PDm = Am + 46. Here, the age Am is set in 1-year units, and the PDm is set in 1-mm units by rounding. In the case of men, the PD value for those aged 20 and over is 65m as described above.
m. The PDm according to the age of the male determined or set in this way is as shown in Table 3 Am 89 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 PDm 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 65 .

Further, in the case of a woman, an age Aw of 19 years or less.
Is PDw, PDw can be obtained according to PDw = 0.7Aw + 46. Here, the age Aw is in units of one year and the PDw is in units of 1 mm by rounding. In the case of a woman, the PD value for those aged 20 or older is 59 mm. PD according to the age of the woman sought or set in this way
w is Table 4 Aw 89 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 or more PDw 52 52 53 54 54 55 56 57 57 58 59 59 59

The PD value obtained or set in this way is recorded or stored in advance in the recording means 91a or the storage means 91b as a database of PD values. On the other hand, a menu for selecting or inputting the age or gender is displayed on the display device 92 by the arithmetic control circuit 91. Then, select this menu from the joystick lever 12 or keys 8, 9, 10, 1
1 or the like, or a dedicated keyboard (not shown) is provided as the subject information input means, and the age and gender are determined by using the dedicated keyboard. Is selected, the age and gender input screen is displayed on the display device 92. Then, in this age and gender input screen, the joystick lever 12 or the keys 8, 9, 10,
The age and gender are input using the subject information input means 11 or the like, or the subject information (examinee PD information) such as age and gender using a dedicated keyboard (subject information input means). Enter Alternatively, a transparent touch panel (subject information input means) may be provided on the liquid crystal display 92, and age and gender may be input using the touch panel. Such a PD value may be input by the person or an assistant.

In this case, when the age and the gender are input, the arithmetic control circuit 91 controls the operation of the arithmetic control circuits 90, 90 to drive the left and right driving devices (driving means) such as pulse motors of the optometry units 16L, 16R. ) 26, 26 are driven and controlled by the arithmetic and control circuits 90, 90, so that the X-direction moving support members 23, 23 of the optometric units 16L, 16R.
Are controlled to move left and right, and the optometry units 16L, 16R
Of the optical axes OL and OR are set to values according to the age, sex, and the like shown in Tables 1 to 4 described above. (ii) Left eye EL and right eye E of optometry units 16L and 16R
XY Coarse Alignment Operation for R When the arithmetic control circuit 91 is activated by turning on the power as described above, the arithmetic control circuit 91 controls the operation of the arithmetic control circuits 90, 90 of the optometry units 16L, 16R. The optometry unit 16 is provided in the arithmetic and control circuits 90 and 90.
The light sources 36, 36 for anterior segment illumination of L, 16R are respectively turned on. Thereby, each optometry unit 16L, 16
The illumination light from the R light source 36 is projected onto the anterior segment of the subject's eye EL via the aperture 36a and the projection lens 37, and the illumination light from the anterior segment illumination light source 36 of the optometry unit 16R passes through the aperture 36a. The light is projected from the projection lens 37 toward the subject 4 through the projection lens 37. <Alignment Operation> When the subject 4 performs alignment of the left and right eyes with the optometry units 16L and 16R in this state, the subject 4 contacts the forehead 15 with the forehead before measurement, and The lever 12 is tilted left and right, and the joystick lever 12 is rotated one side around the axis or the other side. When the joystick lever 12 is tilted left and right in this manner, the arithmetic control circuit 91 controls the operation of the arithmetic control circuits 90, 90 of the optometry units 16L, 16R based on the output signal of the tilt sensor 12b. By this control, the optometry unit 16
The arithmetic control circuits 90 and 90 for the L and 16R drive the X (left and right) direction driving device 26 forward or backward based on the output signal of the tilt sensor 12b, and the optometry units 16L and 16R.
Is controlled to move left and right together. Further, when the joystick lever 12 is rotated around the axis in one direction or in the opposite direction, the arithmetic and control circuit 91 causes the optometry unit 16L, 1
The operation control circuit 90 of the 6R is operated and controlled. By this control, each arithmetic control circuit 90 of the optometric units 16L and 16R causes each Y of the optometric units 16L and 16R to
The (up / down) direction driving devices 20 and 20 are driven to rotate forward or backward, and the movement of the optometry units 16L and 16R is controlled integrally up and down.

Therefore, when the subject 4 measures the refractive power of the left and right eyes, the optical axes of the left and right eyes of the subject 4 are adjusted to the center positions (lights) of the prisms P, P of the optometry units 16L, 16R. The joystick lever 12 is tilted left and right to move (to coincide with the axes OL, OR) to move the optometry units 16L and 16R left and right, and the joystick lever 12 is turned around the axis. The XY alignment is performed by moving and moving the optometry units 16L and 16R up and down.

At this time, the bright spot image EP, which is the center of the pupil of the left eye EL, is aligned with the center OLa of the liquid crystal display 53 (coincident with the center O of the CCD 46, that is, the optical axis OL). Within the range or the right eye E
XY such that the bright spot image EP, which is the center of the pupil of R, is within a predetermined range where automatic alignment in the horizontal direction is possible with respect to the center ORa of the liquid crystal display 53 (coincident with the center O of the CCD 46, ie, the optical axis OL). Perform alignment.

When there is a chin rest (not shown) described above,
The height of the chin rest is moved in the vertical direction (Y direction) so that the eye of the subject 4 can move the prisms P, P of the optometry units 16L, 16R.
After roughly adjusting to reach the height of P, the joystick lever 12 is tilted left and right to operate the optometry unit 1.
6L and 16R are moved left and right to perform X alignment.

Such XY alignment or X alignment operation is performed by displaying the contents displayed on the liquid crystal displays 53, 53 of the optometry units 16L, 16R with the left eye EL and the right eye E.
This is performed by making this display clear while visually recognizing with R.

As the display content of each liquid crystal display 53, a fixation target such as a photograph of a scene or a figure can be used. Further, as the display content of each liquid crystal display 53, an anterior eye image (including a bright spot image) captured by the CCDs 46, 46 of the optometry units 16L, 16R may be used as a fixation target. In the following description, the display contents will be described using an anterior ocular segment image. (iii) Display on the liquid crystal display 53 and the display device 92 accompanying the XY coarse alignment operation <Display of left and right anterior eye images> In such an alignment operation, the prism P of the optometry unit 16L sets the left eye (eye to be inspected) EL. Starts, the illumination light from the light source 36 for illuminating the anterior segment of the optometry unit 16L is projected onto the anterior segment of the left eye (eye to be inspected) EL via the aperture 36a and the projection lens 37, and the optometry unit 16R The illumination light from the anterior segment illumination light source 36 is projected to the anterior segment of the left eye EL via the aperture 36a and the projection lens 37. On the other hand, the optometry unit 16
When the R prism P starts to correspond to the right eye ER, the illumination light from the light source 36 for anterior eye illumination of the optometry unit 16R is projected to the anterior eye of the right eye ER via the aperture 36a and the projection lens 37. The illumination light from the light source 36 for illuminating the anterior segment of the optometry unit 16R is projected onto the anterior segment of the right eye ER via the aperture 36a and the projection lens 37.

The reflected light from the anterior segment of the left eye EL is reflected by the prism P of the optometry unit 16L and the objective lens 3
8, projected onto a CCD (imaging means) 46 via a dichroic mirror 39, a diaphragm 40, a dichroic mirror 41, relay lenses 42 and 43, a dichroic mirror 44, and a CCD lens (imaging lens) 45, as shown in FIG. An anterior segment image EL 'of the left eye EL is formed. Further, the arithmetic and control circuit 90 of the optometry unit 16L is configured as shown in FIG.
As described above, the anterior eye image EL 'of the left eye is displayed on the liquid crystal display 53 in real time as a moving image based on the output signal from the CCD 46. A display similar to this display is displayed on the display device 92 for the assistant.

In practice, the anterior eye image EL 'of the left eye is not displayed on the liquid crystal display 53, but the fixation target such as a photograph of a scene or a figure is displayed on the liquid crystal display 53 as described above. Thus, the anterior eye image EL ′ of the left eye may be displayed on the display device 92 for assistant use.

On the other hand, the reflected light from the anterior segment of the right eye ER is reflected by the prism P and the objective lens 3 of the optometry unit 16R.
8, projected onto a CCD (imaging means) 46 via a dichroic mirror 39, a diaphragm 40, a dichroic mirror 41, relay lenses 42 and 43, a dichroic mirror 44, and a CCD lens (imaging lens) 45, as shown in FIG. An anterior segment image ER 'of the right eye ER is formed. Further, the arithmetic control circuit 90 of the optometry unit 16R is configured as shown in FIG.
The anterior segment image ER 'of the right eye is displayed on the liquid crystal display 53 in real time as a moving image based on the output signal from the CCD 46 as shown in FIG. A display similar to this display is displayed on the display device 92 for the assistant.

In practice, the anterior segment image ER 'of the right eye is not displayed on the liquid crystal display 53, but a fixation target such as a photograph of a scene or a figure is displayed on the liquid crystal display 53 as described above. Thus, the anterior eye image ER ′ of the right eye may be displayed on the display device 92 for assistant use. <Display of left and right bright spot images> The alignment light beam from the illumination light source 48 for XY alignment in the optometry unit 16L is converted into a stop 49, a relay lens 50, a dichroic mirror 41, a stop 40, a dichroic mirror 39 as an alignment target. Objective lens 38, prism P
Is projected on the cornea CL of the left eye EL of the subject via the. Then, the reflected light from the cornea CL passes through the prism P, the objective lens 38, the dichroic mirror 39, the diaphragm 40,
Dichroic mirror 41, relay lenses 42, 43,
An image is formed on a CCD (imaging means) 46 via a dichroic mirror 44 and a CCD lens (imaging lens) 45,
A bright spot image EP from the cornea CL is formed on the CCD 46 as shown in FIG. Further, the arithmetic control circuit 90 of the optometry unit 16L superimposes the bright spot image EP together with the anterior eye image EL 'of the left eye EL on the liquid crystal display 53 as shown in FIG. To display. A display similar to this display is displayed on the display device 92 for the assistant.

In practice, the anterior eye image EL 'and the bright spot image EP of the left eye are not displayed on the liquid crystal display 53, and the fixation target such as a photograph of a scene or a graphic is displayed on the liquid crystal display as described above. May be displayed on the display 53, and the display device 92 may display the anterior eye image EL 'and the bright spot image EP of the right eye for assistant use.

Similarly, the alignment light beam from the illumination light source 48 for XY alignment in the optometry unit 16R is supplied to a stop 49 as an alignment target, a relay lens 50, a dichroic mirror 41, a stop 40, a dichroic mirror 39, an objective lens 38, and a prism. It is projected on the cornea CR of the left eye ER of the subject via P. Then, the reflected light from the cornea CR passes through the prism P, the objective lens 38, the dichroic mirror 39, the diaphragm 40, the dichroic mirror 41, the relay lenses 42 and 43, the dichroic mirror 44, and the CCD lens (imaging lens) 45 through the CCD. (Imaging unit) A bright spot image EP formed from the cornea CL is formed on the CCD 46 as shown in FIG. Moreover, the arithmetic and control circuit 90 of the optometry unit 16R
18 shows a bright spot image EP together with an anterior eye image ER 'of the left eye ER based on an output signal from the CCD 46 as shown in FIG.
3 and display in real time as a moving image. A display similar to this display is displayed on the display device 92 for the assistant.

In practice, the anterior eye image ER 'and the bright spot image EP of the right eye are not displayed on the liquid crystal display 53, but the fixation target such as a photograph of a scene or a graphic is displayed on the liquid crystal display as described above. The image 53 may be displayed on the display 53, and the anterior eye image ER 'and the bright spot image EP of the right eye may be displayed on the display device 92 for assistant use. (iV) Auto-Alignment Accompanying XY Coarse Alignment Operation The subject 4 performs one of the liquid crystal displays 5 of the optometry units 16L and 16R in the XY coarse alignment operation described above.
When one of the display contents of the liquid crystal display 53 and the liquid crystal display 53 is visible, the alignment operation is further performed in a direction in which the display content of the liquid crystal display 53 becomes clearer (clearer). Here, for example, regarding a case where the display content of the viewer is displayed on the liquid crystal display 53 of the optometry unit 16L,
This will be described below. (a) XY Auto Alignment of Left Optometry Unit 16L When the subject 4 can visually recognize the display contents displayed on the liquid crystal display 53 of the optometry unit 16L, the liquid crystal display 5
3 while visually recognizing the anterior eye image and the bright spot image EP.
The joystick lever 12 is moved so that the bright spot image EP, which is the center of the pupil, falls within a predetermined range that allows automatic vertical alignment with respect to the center of the liquid crystal display 53 (coincident with the center of the CCD 46, ie, the optical axis OL). Is rotated so that the optical axis of the left eye (examination eye) EL of the subject 4 coincides with the center (optical axis OL) of the prism P of the left optometry unit 16L. The center (optical axis OL) of the prism P coincides with the center of the CCD 46.

As described above, when the bright spot image EP of the left eye EL of the subject 4 enters the predetermined range S1 with respect to the center OLa of the liquid crystal display 53 of the left optometric unit 16L, the bright spot caused by the alignment light beam. The image EP falls within a predetermined range of the center O of the CCD 46.

The arithmetic control circuit 90 of the optometry unit 16L outputs the signal of the bright spot image from the CCD 46 to the CCD 46.
Of the center of the prism P of the left optometry unit 16L (optical axis OL)
Are controlled to drive in the direction corresponding to
Along with such driving, the arithmetic control circuit 90 sets the allowable range S2 (measurement) where the optical axis of the left eye of the subject 4 coincides with or substantially coincides with the center (optical axis OL) of the prism P of the left optometry unit 16L. When the distance falls within the allowable range, the operations of the driving devices 20 and 26 are stopped, and the XY auto alignment for the left eye EL of the left optometry unit 16L is completed.

The coordinate data (X coordinate data) in the horizontal direction, that is, the X direction and the coordinate data (Y coordinate data) in the Y direction (vertical direction) or the driving amount data during the XY auto alignment are stored in the storage means 91b. Is stored. (b). Auto-alignment in the Z direction with respect to the left eye EL of the left optometry unit 16L.
When the XY alignment with respect to is completed, the drive of the Z (front and rear) direction driving device 24 is controlled so that the bright spot image of the CCD 46 becomes clear to a certain extent, and the left optometry unit 16L is controlled to move in the optical axis OL direction (front and rear direction). I do. When the arithmetic control circuit 91 detects from the output signal of the CCD 46 that the bright spot image of the CCD 46 has become clear to some extent, the Z (front-back) direction driving device 2 determines that Z alignment has been completed.
4 is stopped. Such coordinate data (Z coordinate data) in the Z direction (horizontal direction) at the time of such XY automatic alignment or data of the driving amount is also stored in the storage means 91b. (C). Auto-alignment for right eye examination unit 16R <In the case of alignment using PD values based on age and gender> (When alignment based on X, Y, Z coordinate data is possible) In this way, XY for left eye EL of left eye examination unit 16L When the alignment and the Z alignment are completed, the arithmetic control circuit 91 outputs the left eye E of the left optometry unit 16L.
The operation control circuit 90 of the right optometry unit 16R is operation-controlled based on the X, Y, and Z coordinate data for L,
The automatic alignment of Y and Z is executed.

In the state where the optometry units 16L and 16R are closest to each other or farthest away from each other, the intermediate position between the optometry units 16L and 16R is defined as a reference position X0 in the X direction.
The X coordinate data of L is the distance xa from the reference position X0 to the left.
Optometry unit 16R
Is set to be obtained by the absolute value of the distance xb to the right from the reference position X0, the optometry unit 16R using the X, Y, Z coordinate data of the optometry unit 16L is used. Is as follows.

That is, the arithmetic control circuit 91 controls the operation of the arithmetic control circuit 90 of the right optometry unit 16R based on the X coordinate data.
6 to move the optometric unit 16R rightward from the reference position X0 by | xa |, and based on the Y and Z coordinate data, the arithmetic control circuit 9 of the right optometric unit 16R.
0, and the arithmetic and control circuit 90 controls the driving of the driving devices 24 and 20 to control the driving of the optometric unit 16R to the position of the Y, Z coordinate data of the optometric unit 16L. The XY alignment and the Z alignment with respect to the right eye ER are performed.

With this alignment, when the bright spot image EP of the right eye ER of the subject 4 enters the predetermined range S1 with respect to the center ORa of the liquid crystal display 53 of the left optometric unit 16R, the bright spot image by the alignment light beam is obtained. EP is the center O of CCD 46
Is within the predetermined range. Accordingly, the alignment of the right optometry unit 16R with respect to the right eye ER is performed in the same manner as the alignment of the right optometry unit 16L with the left eye EL. (When alignment based on X, Y, Z coordinate data is not possible) X, Y, Z of one such optometry unit 16L
The coordinate data is fed back as alignment data of the other optometry unit 16R, and
When auto-alignment of R is performed, there may be cases where alignment of the right optometry unit 16R with respect to the right eye ER cannot be performed.

In this case, the arithmetic control circuit 91 is connected to the Y (vertical) direction driving device 20 and the Z (front-back) direction driving device 24 via the arithmetic control circuit 90 of the right optometry unit 16R.
Is stopped, and the YZ coordinates of the right optometry unit 16R are fixed. On the other hand, the arithmetic control circuit 91 controls the driving of the left-right driving device (driving means) 26 such as a pulse motor via the arithmetic control circuit 90 of the right optometry unit 16R, and moves the right optometry unit 16R right and left (X direction), for example. By performing the movement operation of ± 5 mm or ± 10 mm, the automatic alignment of the right optometry unit 16R with respect to the right eye ER is performed.

With this alignment, when the bright spot image EP of the right eye ER of the subject 4 enters the predetermined range S1 with respect to the center ORa of the liquid crystal display 53 of the left optometric unit 16R, the bright spot image by the alignment light beam is obtained. EP is the center O of CCD 46
Is within the predetermined range. Thus, the alignment of the right optometry unit 16R with respect to the right eye ER is executed by the arithmetic control circuit 91 and the arithmetic control circuit 90 of the right optometry unit 16R in the same manner as the alignment of the right optometry unit 16L with the left eye EL. <In the case of alignment using PD value based on measurement> When there is information on the PD value of the subject 4 or information on the PD value from the lens meter, one of the optometry units 16L is
L, the other optometry unit 16R
Is aligned with the right eye ER, so that the alignment of the other optometry unit 16R in the X direction becomes unnecessary. In this case, the Y and Z alignments may be performed in the same manner as described above based on the Y and Z coordinate data of the optometry unit 16L.

In the example described above, the left optometry unit 16L
Has been described above, and the alignment of the right optometry unit 16R is performed based on the coordinate data of the alignment, but the alignment may be reversed. [3] Simultaneous measurement of eye refractive power in far vision state By the way, the moving lens 57 of the fixation optical system 32L is driven forward and backward in the direction in which the optical axis O extends by a pulse motor (drive means) PMa. . Moreover, the liquid crystal display 5
3 is an initial position before measurement, that is, a refractive power measuring optical system 33.
It is located at a position where the eye refractive power measured by L and 33R is 0D (“0” diopter). The fixation optical system 32R has the same configuration.

When the alignment of [1] and [2] is completed, the arithmetic control circuit 91 operates the arithmetic control circuit 90 of the refractive power measuring optical system 33L and the arithmetic control circuit 90 of the refractive power measuring optical system 33R. Under the control, the measurement light sources 64 and 64 of the left and right refractive power measurement optical systems 33L and 33R are turned on, and the measurement light sources 64 and 64 emit infrared measurement light beams. The measurement of the eye refractive power of the eye EL and the right eye ER is started simultaneously. At this time, since the measurement is performed in the same manner for the left eye EL and the right eye ER, the left eye E
The measurement of L will be described, and the description of the measurement of the right eye will be omitted. (i) Measurement of the eye refractive power of the left eye EL At this time, the light of the fixation target displayed on the liquid crystal display 53 is reflected by the reflection mirror 54, the collimator lens 55, and the reflection mirror 5.
6. The moving lens 57, the relay lenses 58 and 59, the reflecting mirror 60, the dichroic mirrors 61 and 39, the objective lens 38, and the prism P are projected onto the fundus Ef of the left eye EL of the subject 4.

The measurement light beam from the measurement light source 64 of the left refractive power measurement optical system 33L is projected onto the fundus Ef of the left eye EL of the subject 4 via the measurement light beam projection optical system 62. That is, the measurement light beam from the measurement light source 64 of the left refractive power measurement optical system 33L is guided to the ring target 67 via the collimator lens 65 and the conical prism 66 of the left refractive power measurement optical system 33L. Then, the ring-shaped measurement light beam transmitted through the ring target 67 is transmitted to the relay lens 68, the ring-shaped aperture 69,
The light is projected onto the fundus oculi Ef of the left eye EL of the subject 4 via the perforated prism 70 having a through hole 70a formed in the center, the dichroic mirrors 61 and 39, the objective lens 38 and the prism P.

On the other hand, the ring-shaped measurement light beam (ring-shaped target light) projected on the fundus oculi Ef of the left eye EL is reflected by the fundus oculi Ef. The reflected light is reflected by the measuring light beam receiving optical system 63, that is, the prism P of the refractive power measuring optical system 33L, the objective lens 38,
Dichroic mirrors 39, 61, perforated prism 70
A ring-shaped reflection image is formed on the CCD 46 through the through hole 70a, the reflection mirror 71, the relay lens 72, the moving lens 73, the reflection mirror 74, the dichroic mirror 44, the CCD lens 45, and the like.

The detection signal from the CCD 46 is input to the arithmetic control circuit 90 of the left refractive power measuring optical system 33L. When the detection signal from the CCD 46 is input, the arithmetic and control circuit 90 determines the size of the ring-shaped reflection image formed on the CCD 46 and the size and shape of the reference ring-shaped reflection image to obtain the left eye EL. Measure the eye refractive power. At this time, the left eye EL
Because it is not known whether or not the accommodation power is working,
Since accommodation power may be acting on the left eye EL, when the eye refractive power obtained by the refraction measurement is, for example, 3D, 1.5.
D is added and the pulse motor PMa is drive-controlled to move the moving lens 57 forward and backward in the direction in which the optical axis O extends so that the liquid crystal display 53 on which the fixation target is displayed at the position of 4.5D. .

Then, at this position, the eye refractive power of the left eye EL is measured as described above. The measurement result at this time is, for example, 4
At the time of D, the difference between the eye refractive power 3D obtained in the previous measurement and the eye refractive power 4D obtained in the current measurement is 1D,
It can be seen that the left eye EL has accommodation power. Therefore, the arithmetic control circuit 91 adds 1.5D to the 4D obtained in the current measurement.
Is added to 5.5D to drive the moving lens 57 forward and backward in the direction in which the optical axis O extends by controlling the driving of the pulse motor PMa so that the liquid crystal display 53 comes to the position of 5.5D. The display 53 is fogged to the position of 5.5D, and the eye refractive power of the left eye EL is measured again.

Further, when the measurement result is 4.25D, for example, the difference between the eye refractive power 4D obtained in the previous measurement and the eye refractive power 4.25D obtained in the current measurement is 0.25D.
Therefore, it can be assumed that the adjustment power of the left eye EL has almost disappeared.

That is, as described above, the rough measurement is sequentially repeated, and the difference between the eye refractive power obtained by the previous measurement and the eye refractive power obtained by the current measurement is, for example, 0.25D.
When almost disappears, it can be considered that the adjustment force of the left eye EL has almost disappeared. In addition, when the liquid crystal display 53 is at the position of 4.25D, the left eye EL is in a state where the liquid crystal display 53 can be clearly recognized. Cloud start position.

Then, the arithmetic control circuit 90 determines that the final eye refractive power based on the rough measurement is 1.5D to a value of 4.25D.
Is added to 5.75D, and the liquid crystal display 53 is fogged by moving the moving lens 57 in the optical axis direction so that the liquid crystal display 53 comes to the position of 5.75D from the position of 4.25D. And perform this measurement. That is, the arithmetic and control circuit 90 drives and controls the pulse motor PMa to move the moving lens 57 in the direction in which the optical axis O extends, so that the liquid crystal display 53 comes from the position of 4.25D to the position of 5.75D. Then, the liquid crystal display 53 visually recognized by the left eye EL is made to fog to a blurred position, and the eye refractive power of the left eye EL is measured by the left refractive power measuring optical system 33L. This measurement of the eye refraction with fog is performed several times, and the average value is used as the eye refraction of the left eye EL. (ii) Measurement of the eye refractive power of the right eye ER The eye refractive power of the right eye ER is measured simultaneously with the left eye EL in the same procedure as the measurement of the eye refractive power of the left eye EL in (i). (iii) Therefore, by simultaneously measuring the eye refractive powers of the left eye EL and the right eye ER in this manner, the left eye EL and the right eye ER are compared with the case where the eye refractive power of each eye is measured one by one. The eye refractive power of the left eye EL and the right eye ER can be accurately measured with less accommodation power of the right eye ER and the right eye ER.

That is, when the eye refractive powers of the left eye EL and the right eye ER are measured one by one, the accommodation power of the unmeasured eye of the left eye EL and the right eye ER is measured. It may affect the accommodation power of the eye. However, the left eye EL and the right eye E
By simultaneously measuring the eye refractive power of R, the accommodation power of the left eye EL and the right eye ER does not influence each other, so that the accommodation power of the left eye EL and the right eye ER is less,
The eye refractive power of the left eye EL and the right eye ER can be accurately measured. [4]. Simultaneous measurement of eye refractive power after moving from inner vision (convergence) state to far vision state As described in [3] above, at the time of simultaneous measurement of eye refractive power of left and right eyes in far vision state, Although there is almost no accommodation power of the left and right eyes, after moving from the inward vision state (the state where the optical axes OL and OR are congested) to the far vision state (the state where the optical axes OL and OR are parallel). By simultaneously measuring the eye refractive power, the accommodative power of the left and right eyes can be further reduced, and more accurate eye refractive power measurement can be performed.

At the time of this measurement, first, the left eye EL shown in FIG.
And the right eye ER from a far vision state (a state where the optical axes OL and OR are parallel) to an inward vision (a state where the optical axes OL and OR are congested)
State. For example, when the left eye EL and the right eye ER in FIG. 9 are in the far vision state (the optical axes OL and OR are parallel), the subject 4
Of the left eye EL and the right eye ER are looking forward by about 75 cm, and the left eye EL and the right eye ER are in a state of being congested by the angle α. (i). Measurement of eye refractive power when the optical axes OL and OR are changed from the initial convergence state to the parallel state <convergence to the initial position>
Is connected to the optometry unit 16 via the arithmetic and control circuits 90 and 90.
The operation of the driving devices 28, 28 for the L, 16R is controlled so that the optometry units 16L, 16R are horizontally rotated (turned in the horizontal direction) in the directions of arrows A, A from the state of FIG. The optical axes OL and OR are converged by the angle α as shown in FIG.

At this time, the arithmetic and control circuit 90 of the optometry unit 16L determines that the working distance to the left eye EL of the optometry unit 16L is constant and that the optical axis of the left eye of the subject 4 is the left optometry unit. The driving devices 24 and 26 of the optometry unit 16L are controlled based on the address and the contrast of the alignment bright point image from the CCD 46 of the optometry unit 16L so as to coincide with the center (optical axis OL) of the 16L prism P. Then, the optometry unit 16L is controlled to move back and forth and left and right. By this control, the optical axis OL is rotated (turned) clockwise as indicated by an arrow 80 around the center of rotation EOL of the left eye EL from the position of the solid line shown in FIG. Will be forced to do so. In this way, when the optometry unit 16L is congested, the working distance to the left eye EL of the optometry unit 16L becomes constant,
The subject 4 is turned while the optical axis of the left eye of the subject 4 is aligned with the center (optical axis OL) of the prism P of the left optometry unit 16L.

On the other hand, the arithmetic and control circuit 90 of the optometry unit 16R determines that the working distance to the right eye ER of the optometry unit 16R is constant and that the optical axis of the right eye of the subject 4 is the right optometry unit 16R. The driving devices 24 and 26 of the optometric unit 16R are controlled based on the address and contrast of the alignment luminescent spot image from the CCD 46 of the optometric unit 16R so as to coincide with the center of the prism P (optical axis OL). The optometry unit 16R is controlled to move back and forth and left and right. By this control, the optical axis OR is rotated (turned) in the counterclockwise direction from the position of the solid line shown in FIG. 20 to the center of rotation EOL of the left eye EL as shown by the arrow 81 as shown by the broken line in FIG. ). In this way,
When the optometry unit 16R is converged, the working distance to the right eye ER of the optometry unit 16R becomes constant, and the optical axis of the right eye of the subject 4 is adjusted to the center (optical axis) of the prism P of the right optometry unit 16R. (OL).

In FIG. 20, EP 'is a luminescent spot formed at a position corresponding to one half of the radius of curvature of the cornea CR or CL. 16R CCD 46
Based on the video signal from D46, the base point EP 'is displayed on the liquid crystal display 53 together with the image of the anterior segment of the subject's eye as a bright spot image EP.

The optometry unit 16 is located at the convergence position of the angle α.
When there are L and 16R liquid crystal displays 53, 53, this position corresponds to, for example, -8D. <From the initial convergence state to the parallel state of the optical axes OL and OR> From this convergence state, the arithmetic control circuit 91
L, 16R operate and control the arithmetic and control circuits 90, 90,
The pulse motors PMa, P
Ma is controlled at the same time to move the movable lens 57 to the optical axis O.
Direction, and the liquid crystal displays 53, 53 of the optometry units 16L, 16R have -8D plus 1.5D-6.
Cloud up to 5D position.

At this time, the arithmetic control circuit 91 controls convergence of the optometry units 16L and 16R as described above. That is, the arithmetic control circuit 91 controls the operation of the arithmetic control circuits 90, 90, and controls the driving of the driving devices 28, 28 of the optometric units 16L, 16R by the arithmetic control circuits 90, 90, thereby controlling the optometric units 16L, 16R. 17 arrows B, B
(Horizontal turning) in the horizontal direction. The drive control of the driving devices 28 by the arithmetic control circuits 90 is performed until the optical axes OL and OR of the optometry units 16L and 16R become parallel.

Further, at the time of such drive control (convergence control), the arithmetic control circuit 90 of the optometric unit 16L determines the address and contrast of the bright spot image for alignment from the CCD 46 of the optometric unit 16L based on the contrast and the like. The operation of the driving devices 24 and 26 is controlled so that the working distance to the left eye EL of the optometry unit 16L is constant, and the optical axis of the right eye of the subject 4 is adjusted by the prism P of the right optometry unit 16R. Control is performed so as to coincide with the center (optical axis OL).

On the other hand, the arithmetic control circuit 90 of the optometry unit 16R determines the address of the bright spot image for alignment from the CCD 46 of the optometry unit 16R, the contrast, and the like.
The operation of the driving devices 24 and 26 of the optometry unit 16R is controlled so that the working distance to the right eye ER of the optometry unit 16R is constant, and the optical axis of the right eye of the subject 4 is adjusted to the right optometry unit 16R. Is controlled so as to coincide with the center of the prism P (optical axis OL).

As described above, while the optometry units 16L and 16R are congested, the movement of the optometry units 16L and 16R is controlled to move forward and backward and to the left and right to control the working distance from the optometry units 16L and 16R to the left eye EL and the right eye ER. Optometry unit 16
By matching the optical axes OL and OR of L and 16R with the optical axes of the left eye EL and right eye ER of the subject's eye, respectively, the optometric units 16L and 16R as shown by arrows 80 and 81 in FIG.
The optical axes OL and OR of R rotate around the rotation centers EOL and EOR of the left eye EL and the right eye ER of the subject's eye, respectively. Hereinafter, such control is referred to as turning control. <Rough Measurement of Eye Refractive Power> The arithmetic control circuit 90 of the optometry unit 16L controls the driving of the above-described driving devices 24, 26, and 28 until the optical axes OL and OR are parallel to each other. 16L and 16R are turned. At this time, the arithmetic control circuit 90 determines that the liquid crystal display 53 has a value of -6.5D.
The moving lens 57 is moved in the direction of the optical axis by controlling the driving of the pulse motor PMa until the clouding is performed up to the position. Moreover, the arithmetic control circuit 90 performs the measurement of the refractive power measurement optical system 33L when the optical axes OL and OR are made parallel and the liquid crystal display 53 is fogged to the position of -6.5D by such control. The light source 64 for the left eye E
The rough measurement of the eye refractive power of L is performed.

At the same time, the arithmetic and control circuit 90 of the optometry unit 16R controls the driving of the driving devices 24, 26 and 28 as described above until the optical axes OL and OR are parallel, thereby turning the optometry units 16L and 16R. Control. At this time, the arithmetic control circuit 90 controls the driving of the pulse motor PMa to move the movable lens 57 in the optical axis direction until the liquid crystal display 53 is clouded to the position of -6.5D. Moreover,
The arithmetic control circuit 90 controls the optical axes OL, O
When R becomes parallel and the liquid crystal display 53 is fogged to the position of -6.5D, the refractive power measuring optical system 33R
The measurement light source 64 is turned on to perform a rough measurement of the eye refractive power of the right eye ER.

In such a measurement, assuming that the value of the refractive power of the left eye EL is, for example, -6D and the value of the refractive power of the right eye ER is, for example, -5D, this value is determined by the left and right eyes EL, E
R may also be the value when there is accommodation. (ii) Measurement by moving the optical axes OL and OR from the convergence state to the measurement position to the parallel state <Congestion to the measurement position> Therefore, the arithmetic control circuit 91 is connected to the optometry unit via the arithmetic control circuits 90 and 90. 16L, 1
The drive devices 28, 28 of the 6R are individually operated and controlled, and the optometry units 16L, 16R are individually horizontally rotated in the directions of arrows A, A from the state of FIG.
As shown in (5), the optical axes OL and OR are independently converged, and the moving lens 57 of the optometry unit 16L is moved in the optical axis direction to position the liquid crystal display 53 at the position of -6D in FIG. Then, the liquid crystal display 53 of the optometry unit 16R is positioned at the position -5D in FIG.

At this time, the turning distance is controlled in the same manner as the above-mentioned “(i) Turning control to the initial position” to make the working distance from the optometry unit 16L to the right eye EL constant.
While keeping the working distance from R to the right eye ER constant,
The optical axes OL and OR of the optometry units 16L and 16R are made to coincide with the optical axes of the left eye EL and the right eye ER of the subject's eye, respectively. <From the convergence state to the parallel state of the optical axes OL and OR> From this convergence state, the arithmetic control circuit 90 of the left optometry unit 16L
Drives and controls the pulse motor PMa of the left optometry unit 16L to move the moving lens 57 in the optical axis O direction, and changes the liquid crystal display 53 of the optometry unit 16L to −6D by 1.5D.
Cloudy up to the position of -4.5D where on the other hand,
The arithmetic control circuit 90 of the right optometry unit 16R drives and controls the pulse motor PMa of the left optometry unit 16R to move the moving lens 57 in the direction of the optical axis O.
The 6R liquid crystal display 53 is fogged to a position of -3.5D obtained by adding 1.5D to -5D.

At this time, the arithmetic control circuit 91 controls the operation of the arithmetic control circuits 90, 90 so that the arithmetic control circuits 90, 90
Drive units 28, 2 for the optometry units 16L, 16R
8 is controlled to drive the optometry units 16L and 16R in FIG.
7 is horizontally rotated in the directions of arrows B and B. The driving control of the driving devices 28 by the arithmetic control circuits 90 is
The operation is performed until the optical axes OL and OR of the optometry units 16L and 16R become parallel. In addition, at this time, as described above, each arithmetic and control circuit 90 controls the operation of the driving devices 24 and 26 so that the left eye EL and the right eye E of the optometry units 16L and 16R.
So that the working distance to R is constant, and
Control is performed so that the optical axes OL and OR of the optometry units 16L and 16R are matched with the optical axes of the left eye EL and the right eye ER of the subject's eye, respectively. As a result, the optical axes OL and OR rotate around the rotation centers EOL and EOR of the left eye EL and the right eye ER of the subject's eye. <Rough Measurement of Eye Refractive Power> Then, the arithmetic control circuit 90 of the optometry unit 16L adjusts the optical axes OL and OR to be parallel and moves the movable lens 57 in the optical axis direction by drive control of the pulse motor PMa. And the liquid crystal display 53 is-
When the cloud is made to reach the position of 4.5D, the measurement light source 64 of the refractive power measurement optical system 33L is turned on, and the left eye EL is turned on.
A rough (coarse) measurement of the eye refractive power of.

At the same time, the arithmetic and control circuit 90 of the optometry unit 16R determines that the optical axes OL and OR are parallel and that the moving lens 57 is moved in the optical axis direction by the drive control of the pulse motor PMa. 53 is -3.5D
When the cloud is fogged to the position, the refractive power measuring optical system 33
The R measurement light source 64 is turned on to perform a rough measurement of the eye refractive power of the left eye EL.

In such a measurement, assuming that the value of the refractive power of the left eye EL is, for example, -4D and the value of the refractive power of the right eye ER is, for example, -3D, this value is determined by the left and right eyes EL, E
R may also be the value when there is accommodation. (iii). Repeated Rough Measurement In this case, in the left eye EL, the value of the previously measured eye refractive power is −6D, and the value of the currently measured eye refractive power is −4D.
Since it is D, the difference between the eye refractive power of the previous time and the eye refractive power of the present time greatly increases to -2D, and accommodation power is working. Also, the right eye ER
In, the value of the eye refractive power measured last time is -5D, and the value of the eye refractive power measured this time is -3D.
Adjustment is working.

Therefore, in this case, as shown in FIG. 16B, as shown in FIG.
The OR is independently congested, and the moving lens 57 of the optometry unit 16L is moved in the optical axis direction.
The liquid crystal display 53 of the optometry unit 16R is moved by moving the moving lens 57 of the optometry unit 16R in the optical axis direction, and the liquid crystal display 53 of the optometry unit 16R is moved to the position of -4D in FIG. At position -3D.

From the convergence state, as shown in (ii), the moving lens 57 of the optometry unit 16L is moved in the optical axis direction, and the liquid crystal display 53 is obtained by adding 1.5D to -4D.
The fogging is performed up to the position of 2.5D, and a rough measurement of the eye refractive power of the left eye EL is performed.
Of the right eye ER by moving the moving lens 57 in the optical axis direction to fog the liquid crystal display 53 to the position of -1.5D obtained by adding 1.5D to -3D. Make a measurement.

In such a measurement, assuming that the value of the refractive power of the left eye EL is, for example, -3D and the value of the refractive power of the right eye ER is, for example, -1D, this value is determined by the left and right eyes EL, E
R may also be the value when there is accommodation.

In this case, in the left eye EL, since the value of the eye refractive power measured last time is -4D and the value of the eye refractive power measured this time is -3D, the difference between the previous and current eye refractive powers is obtained. Are widely open at -1D, and the adjusting force is working. In the right eye ER, the value of the previously measured eye refractive power is -3D, and the value of the currently measured eye refractive power is -1D, so that the difference between the previous and present eye refractive powers is -2D. It's wide open and it's adjusted.

Therefore, in this case, as shown in (ii) above, in FIG.
The OR is independently congested, the moving lens 57 of the optometry unit 16L is moved in the optical axis direction, and the liquid crystal display 53 is moved to the position -3D in FIG.
The liquid crystal display 53 is moved to the position -1D in FIG. 16A by moving the 6R moving lens 57 in the optical axis direction.

At this time, the optometry units 16L, 16R are controlled to rotate as described above, whereby the optometry units 16L, 16R are controlled.
The optical axes OL and OR of the 16R are the left eye EL and the right eye E of the subject's eye.
The optical axes of R are made to coincide with each other.

From this convergence state, as shown in (ii), the moving lens 57 of the optometry unit 16L is moved in the optical axis direction, and the liquid crystal display 53 is obtained by adding 1.5D to -3D.
The fogging is performed to the position of 1.5D, and the rough (coarse) measurement of the eye refractive power of the left eye EL is performed.
Is moved in the optical axis direction to fog the liquid crystal display 53 to a position of 0.5D obtained by adding 1.5D to -1D, so that the eye refractive power of the right eye ER is rough (coarse). Perform the measurement.

In such a measurement, assuming that the value of the refractive power of the left eye EL is, for example, -2.75 D, the left eye EL
Since the value of the previously measured eye refractive power is −3D, the difference between the previous and present eye refractive powers is substantially the same as −0.25D, and the accommodation power is hardly applied. In such a measurement, the value of the refractive power of the right eye ER is, for example, −
If it is 0.75D, the value of the last measured eye refractive power of the right eye ER is -1D, so that the difference between the previous and current eye refractive powers is substantially the same as -0.25. The force is hardly working. (iV). Main measurement Therefore, in this case, the optical axis O
L and OR are converged independently, and the moving lens 57 of the optometry unit 16L is moved in the optical axis direction, and the liquid crystal display 53
Is positioned at the position of -2.75D in FIG. 16A, the moving lens 57 of the optometry unit 16R is moved in the optical axis direction, and the liquid crystal display 53 is moved to the position of -0.75D in FIG. Position.

From this convergence state, as shown in (ii), the moving lens 57 of the optometry unit 16L is moved in the optical axis direction, and the liquid crystal display 53 is obtained by adding 1.5D to -2.75D. .25D, the main measurement of the eye refractive power of the left eye EL was performed, and the moving lens 57 of the optometry unit 16R was moved in the optical axis direction to obtain the liquid crystal display 53.
Is clouded to a position of 0.75D obtained by adding 1.5D to -0.75, and the main measurement of the eye refractive power of the right eye ER is performed. (5) Others In the embodiment described above, the driving devices 20, 24, 2 of the optometry units 16L, 16R are operated by the joystick lever 12.
6 and the like, but are not necessarily limited to this.

For example, the Y-direction driving device 20 is not provided, and only the driving devices 24 and 26 are operated to operate the cursor key 9 to control the driving device 24 to rotate in the normal direction, thereby moving the optometry unit 16L (16R) backward. , And by operating the cursor key 11, the driving device 24 is controlled to rotate in the reverse direction so that the optometry unit 16 </ b> L (16 </ b> R) is moved forward, and the operating device 26 is operated by operating the cursor key 8. By controlling the normal rotation drive, the optometry unit 16L
By moving the (16R) to the left and operating the cursor key 10, the driving device 26 may be controlled to rotate in the reverse direction to move the optometry unit 16L (16R) to the right. In this case, the height in the Y direction (vertical direction) is adjusted by adjusting the height of the table 1 or the height of the chair 3.

Since the optical systems shown in FIGS. 11 and 13 are arranged vertically in FIG. 9, the entire optical system can be housed in a flat front and rear case to reduce the front and rear width.
Further, the configuration for displaying the anterior segment of the present invention on the liquid crystal display 53 is applied (applied) to an ophthalmic apparatus requiring alignment, for example, a subjective optometric apparatus, a fundus camera, a corneal endothelium measuring apparatus (corneal endothelial photographing apparatus), and the like. it can.

Further, in the above-described embodiment, the configuration has been described in which the eye refractive power of the eye to be examined is objectively obtained.
It is not necessarily limited to this. For example, a configuration may be adopted in which a Landolt ring or the like is displayed on the liquid crystal display 53 (53) of the optometry unit 16L (16R) so that the eye refractive power of the eye to be examined is subjectively obtained. The display for measuring the binocular vision function is displayed on the optometry unit 16.
L (16R) is displayed on the liquid crystal display 53 (53),
Measurement of the binocular vision function can also be performed.
Note that all of these functions can be incorporated.

[0089]

As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a left optometry unit and a right optometry unit capable of at least relatively approaching / leaving to the right and left and capable of testing the functions of the left and right eyes to be examined. A left-right driving unit for driving each of the optometry units to the left and right, and a turning drive unit for turning each of the optometry units in a horizontal direction, and the convergence of the left and right eyes to be examined. At the time of near vision measurement, the respective left and right optometry units are relatively controlled by activating and controlling the respective left and right direction driving means, and
A control for causing the measurement optical axis from each of the optometry units to the eye to be examined to coincide with the optical axis of the left and right eyes to be examined at the time of convergence by controlling the operation of the turning drive means and performing convergence control of the left and right optometry units. Since the configuration is provided with the means, when the left eye and the right eye are converged, the eye axis of each incident light beam incident on the left eye or the right eye from the left and right measurement optical systems during the optometry of the eye to be inspected is set to the left eye. And the optical axis of the right eye.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of the arrangement of an optometry apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged perspective view of the optometry apparatus shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a front view of the optometry apparatus of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a plan view of the optometry apparatus of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a left side view of the optometry apparatus of FIG. 3;

FIG. 6 is a right side view of the optometry apparatus of FIG. 3;

FIG. 7 is a sectional view showing a support structure of the optometry unit shown in FIG. 2;

8 is an explanatory diagram of the support structure shown in FIG. 7 as viewed from below.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an optical system of the optometry unit illustrated in FIG. 2;

FIG. 10 is an enlarged explanatory view of the left optometry unit of FIG. 7;

11 is an arrangement diagram of optical components when the optical system of FIG. 10 is viewed from the front side.

FIG. 12 is an enlarged explanatory view of the right optometry unit of FIG. 7;

13 is an arrangement diagram of optical components when the optical system of FIG. 12 is viewed from the front side.

FIG. 14 is a control circuit diagram of the optometry apparatus shown in FIGS. 2 to 13;

FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram of a refractive power measurement in a far vision state of the optometry apparatus shown in FIGS. 1 to 14;

FIGS. 16 (a) and (b) are illustrations of refractive power measurement by repeating the convergence and the far vision state of the optometric apparatus shown in FIGS.

FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram of an optical system showing a state where the optometry unit of FIGS. 1 to 13 is congested.

FIG. 18 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of image formation on a CCD in the optometry unit.

FIG. 19 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a display example of a liquid crystal display in the optometry unit.

FIG. 20 is an explanatory diagram when the optical axis is turned from the optometry unit toward the subject's eye.

[Explanation of symbols]

16L: Left optometry unit 16R: Right optometry unit 19L, 19R: Horizontal rotation device (horizontal rotation device, turning drive device) 26: Left / right drive device (left / right drive device) 28, 28 ... Horizontal rotation driving device (convergence driving means, turning driving means) 90 ... control circuit (control means) 91 ... arithmetic control circuit (control means)

 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Yasufumi Fukuma 75-1, Hasunumacho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo Topcon Corporation (72) Inventor Yasuo Kato 75-1, Hasunumacho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo Topcon Corporation (72) Inventor Takeyuki Kato 75-1 Hasunumacho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo Inside Topcon Co., Ltd.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An optometry apparatus having a left optometry unit and a right optometry unit capable of at least relatively approaching / leaving to the right and left and capable of examining the function of the left and right eyes to be examined. Left and right direction driving means for driving, and a turning drive means for turning and driving each of the optometry units in the horizontal direction are provided. By operating and controlling the left and right optometry units to relatively approach each other, and by controlling the operation of the turning drive unit to control the convergence of the left and right optometry units, each of the left and right optometry units is directed toward the eye to be examined. An optometry apparatus, further comprising control means for matching a measurement optical axis with the optical axes of the left and right eyes to be examined when the convergence occurs.